Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
On
Agriculture and Processed Foods Industry of
Morocco
Business Opportunities for Goa / India
Submitted to
Institute Code: 750
Institute Name: S.R. Luthra Institute of
Management
Under the Guidance of
Dr. Hemlata Agarwal
(Associate Professor)
In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of the
award of the degree of Master of Business
Administration (MBA)
Offered By
Gujarat Technological University
Ahmedabad
Prepared by:
Students of
MBA (Semester - IV)
Group No.6
Month & Year:
April, 2016
STUDENTS DECLARATION
We, following students, hereby declare that the Global/ Country
Study Report titled Agriculture and Processed Foods Industry in
(Morocco) is a result of our own work and our indebtedness to
other work publications, references, if any, have been duly
acknowledged. If we are found guilty of copying any other report or
published information and showing as our original work, or
extending plagiarism limit, we understand that we shall be liable
and punishable by GTU, which may include Fail in examination,
Repeat study & re-submission of the report or any other
punishment that GTU may decide.
Enrolment No.
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Place :
Name
Santosh Pansuriya
Tilak Parmar
Ankita Pasrija
Ritisha Soni
Sandhya Jayswal
Shailja Thakkar
Signature
Date :
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Global
Country
Study
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_____________________________
Signature of the Faculty Guide/s
(Dr. Hemlata Agarwal, Associate Professor)
_____________________________
Signature of Director
(Dr. J.M. Kapadia)
PLAGIARISM REPORT
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
No task is a single mans effort cooperation and coordination of
various
people
at
various
places
goes
into
successful
would
like
to
express
gratitude
towards
GUJRAT
of
Management
for
their
kind
co-operation
and
Sr.
Topics
Page
No.
1.
No.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
SEM - III
SEM IV
2.
facilitate
export/import
Shipping and Packaging
Bibliography
Table
Name of Table
No.
Page
No.
P & L Account
Balance Sheet
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
(Sem. III)
identify
has substantial
bilateral
trade
(export
import)
and
in
Morocco employs
about
40%
of
the
nation's
components,
Inorganic
chemicals,
transistors,
crud
Asia.
It
From the above report, we have come to the conclusion that the
agriculture is the largest employer in the Morocco. Agriculture,
Forestry, Fishing and Hunting contributing 16.6% to GDP, from which
fishing contributing 1.0%.In Morocco high quality agricultural
product exported to Europe. Less than 40% of Moroccans families
have refrigerator at home. Morocco produces enough food for
domestic consumption except for grains, sugar, coffee and tea. More
than 40% of Morocco's consumption of grains and flour is imported
from the United States and France.
India is the worlds second largest producer of food, 3rd largest in
alcoholic beverages, 2nd largest rice producer having 20% global
share, 3rd largest in the world and 2nd largest in inland fish
production contribute 1.4% of total GDP.
Gujarat having export potentiality i.e. Cotton, cumin, Onion, Garlic,
Castor, Isabgul, Mango, other fruits and vegetables, Flowers, Duram
wheat, Processed maize.
Goa has a coastline of about 104 kms and inland waterways of
about 250 km. The coast is full of creeks and estuaries formed by
rivers; over 128,107 tones of marine fish and 3,718 tones of inland
fish were harvested in 2014. During 2014-15, exports of frozen fish
from Mormugao Port were recorded to be 42,940 tones
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
(Sem. IV)
Farm food is one of the food commodity & manufacturer in India.
They started its incorporation on 16 th July 2001 .The Company deals
in a various food products such as tomato, Onion, sweet coin,
Mango Powder. S.K Associate founded in 1988 is associated in
Banking, Textiles and Construction sector. The company have
diversified in manufacture of freeze dried items in the name of Farm
food Dehydrates Pvt. Ltd. Farm Food Dehydrates Pvt. Ltd. is located
in a green belt area of kachholi near Navsari about 55 km From
Surat.
Tomato ranks third in priority after Potato and Onion in India but
ranks second after potato in the world. India ranks second in the
area as well as in production of Tomato. The major tomato growing
countries are China, USA, Italy, Turkey, India and Egypt. The process
start from sorting of tomatoes than washing, cutting than The
product is allowed to freeze at such low temperature for 8 hours so
that water content inside the tomatoes will be transformed in to ice
completely This frozen tomatoes is then transferred in to a vacuum
chamber where it is heated in vacuum and finally The finish product
is then packed with nitrogen flushing method
broad target
market into
subsets
of consumers, businesses,
Fs-Boulemane
Marrakesh-Tensift-El
Haouz
Tanger-
Tetouan Rabat-Sal-Zemmour-Zaer.
Four Ps analyses for Tomatoes like product, price, place and
promotion. Tomato ranks third in priority after Potato and Onion in
India but ranks second after potato in the world. India ranks second
in the area as well as in production of Tomato. Tomatoes production
by India in 2014 at 37.5 million tones. India is second largest
producer of Tomatoes. Company can target the top cities of Morocco
country like Marakkech, Fez, Essaouia, Tangir, Asilah and fourth that
is promotion in this There is no promotional strategy available for
dehydrate tomatoes in present situation.
The Porter's 5 Forces tool is a simple but powerful tool for
understanding where power lies in a business situation. This is
useful, because it helps in understand both the strength of
companys current competitive position, and the strength of a
position company are looking to move.
Majority of goods are allowed to be exported without obtaining a
license. Export licenses are only required for items listed in the
Schedule 2 of ITC (HS) Classifications of Export and Import items. An
application for grant of Export License for such items must be
submitted to the Director General of Foreign Trade (DGFT). The
Export Licensing Committee under the Chairmanship of Export
Commissioner considers such applications on merits for issue of
export licenses. Export of samples up to specified limits are allowed
free.
The
exporter
is
required
to
be
registered
with
the
for
infrastructure
or
industrial
development,
meeting
or
sanitary
certificate
for
export.
Weakness
-High Price Products
-Seasonal avalibility of product
-Requirement of high capital
investment
-Require high
power energy
consumption
&
easy
Strength
SWOT
Of Farm
Food
Opportunities
-High
Threat
Scope Of
Backward
Integration
-High Potential in indian market
-Scope for global market
-There is no direct competitior in
indian market
A. PRODUCT
Brief about selected product
Tomato
Tomato ranks third in priority after Potato and Onion in India but
ranks second after potato in the world. India ranks second in the
area as well as in production of Tomato. The major tomato growing
countries are China, USA, Italy, Turkey, India and Egypt. Total area
under
tomato
is
4582438
thousand
ha
with
production
of
Most of the freeze dried vegetables when kept in warm water for
about 20 minutes will reabsorb about 90% of removed water and
will regain its weight by 9times as it will be rehydrated completely
and will appear as fresh as purchased from the market.
broad target
market into
subsets
of consumers, businesses,
Rabat-Sal-Zemmour-Zaer
Behavioral Segmentation
On this basis, company can target a segment on the basis of buyers
readiness stage and usage-rate.
Four Ps analyses for Tomatoes
Four Ps includes following terms:
1) Product
2) Price
3) Place
4) Promotion
1. Product : Tomato
Tomato ranks third in priority after Potato and Onion in India
but ranks second after potato in the world. India ranks
second in the area as well as in production of Tomato. The
major tomato growing countries are China, USA, Italy,
Turkey, India and Egypt. Total area under tomato is 4582438
thousand ha with production of 150513813 thousand tons
and with productivity of 32.8 tons/ha.
2. Price
Tomatoes production by India in 2014 at 37.5 million tones.
India is second largest producer of Tomatoes. The price of
tomatoes in farm food industries is :
1 plate =2 kg
30 plate =60 kg
120 plate = 2 tray = 240 kg
Selling price of tomato= 1700 Rs./kg
240*1700= 4,08,000 per batch
408000*30= 1,22,40,000 monthly selling
Breakup of monthly selling product:
Electricity = 5718750
producers
are
Karnataka,
West
Bengal,
Bihar,
for
promoting
and
selling
dehydrate
D. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT
Porter Five Forces Analysis
The Porter's 5 Forces tool is a simple but powerful tool for
understanding where power lies in a business situation. This is
useful, because it helps in understand both the strength of
companys current competitive position, and the strength of a
position
company
are
looking
to
move
into.
With
clear
Shipping Bill for export of duty free goods. This shipping bill is
white color.
Shipping bill for export of duty free goods ex-bond i.e. from
bonded warehouse. This shipping bill is pink color.
Shipping bill for export under DEPB scheme. This shipping bill
is blue in color.
2) Import Procedures
Import of goods helps to boost the economy by providing capital good for
infrastructure or industrial development, meeting shortages and improving
quality of production. It also helps improving living standards by making
available good and products not produced in the country. With the rise in
disposable incomes in India, the marked for imported goods is growing.
Starting a business of importing goods can be a profitable venture, but
requires that the rules and regulations governing such trade and the markets
in respect of both the countries, and the trade agreements with the country
of interest, are studied and understood well.
Import Duties
Payment of Duty
to
the
nominated
banks
for
acceptance
of
Bill of Entry
It is a document certifying that the goods of specified description
and
value
are
entering
into
the
country
from
abroad.
the
entry
for
customs
clearance
Licensing Policy
In Chemical Sector, 100% FDI is permissible. Manufacture of most
chemical products inter-alia covering organic / inorganic, dyestuffs &
Pesticides is delicensed. The entrepreneurs need to submit only IEM
with the Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion provided no
locational angle is applicable. Only the following items are covered
in the compulsory licensing list because of their hazardous nature.
Exporter
Code
Number
(IEC)
issued
against
their
must
be
identified
and
declared.
The
Indian
Trade
2.
such
as
grains
pharmaceutical products.
and
vegetable
oils,
and
some
3.
Bill of Entry
Every importer is required to begin by submitting a Bill of Entry
under Section 46. This document certifies the description and value
of goods entering the country. The Bill of Entry should be submitted
as follows:
1) The original and duplicate for customs
2) A copy for the importer
3) A copy for the bank
4) A copy for making remittances
Under the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), no formal Bill of Entry
is required (as it is recorded electronically) but the importer is
required to file a cargo declaration after prescribing particulars
required for processing of the entry for customs clearance. Bills of
Entry can be one of three types:
1.
2.
Bill of Entry for Ex-Bond Clearance The third type is for exbond clearance. This is used for clearance from the warehouse
on payment of duty and is printed on green paper.
Signed invoice
Packing list
Importer/CHA declaration
Insurance document
Catalogue,
technical
write
up,
literature
in
case
of
Separately
machinery
split
up
value
of
spares,
components,
and
Import Duties
The Indian government levies several types of import duties on
goods. These include:
Basic Customs Duty
Basic Customs Duty (BCD) is the standard tax rate applied to goods,
or the standard preferential rate in the case of goods imported from
specified countries. The rates of customs duties are outlined in the
First and Second Schedules of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975. The First
Schedule specifies rates of import duty and the Second specifies
rates of export duty. BCD is divided into standard and preferential
rates, with goods imported from countries holding trade agreements
with the Indian central government eligible for lower preferential
rates.
Additional Customs Duty (Countervailing Duty)
Countervailing duty (CVD) is equal to central excise duty and is
levied on imported articles produced in India. With CVD, the process
of production amounts to manufacture as it is defined in
the Central Excise Act, 1944. CVD is based on the aggregate value
of goods including landing charges and BCD. An additional CVD
may be levied equivalent to sales tax or VAT, not exceeding four
percent. This duty can be refunded if the importer pays all customs
duties, the sales invoice indicates the credit is not allowed, and the
importer pays VAT/sales tax on the sale of the good.
Other CVDs may be imposed on specific imported goods to
neutralize the effect of a subsidy in the country of origin. A
notification issued by the central government on these specified
goods is valid for five years and potentially subject to further
extension not exceeding ten years. Subsidies related to research
activities, assistance to disadvantaged regions in the destination
country, and assistance in adapting existing facilities to new
environmental requirements are exempt.
Anti-Dumping Duty
The central government may impose an anti-dumping duty if it
determines a good is being imported at below fair market price, and
an importer will be notified if this is the case. The duty cannot
exceed the difference between the export and normal price (margin
of dumping). This does not apply to goods imported by 100 percent
Export Oriented Units (EOU) and units in Free Trade Zones (FTZs)
and Special Economic Zones (SEZs). If an importer is notified by the
central government then an Anti-Dumping duty is to be imposed,
the notification will remain valid for five years with the possibility of
being extended to 10 years.
Safeguard Duty
Unlike Anti-Dumping Duty, the imposition of Safeguard Duty does
not require the central government to determine a good is being
imported at below fair market price. Safeguard Duty is imposed if
the government decides that a sudden increase in exports is
causing, or threatens to cause, serious damage to a domestic
industry. A notification regarding the imposition of Safeguard Duty is
valid for four years with the possibility of being extended to 10
years.
Protective Duty
A protective duty is sometimes imposed to protect domestic
industry
from
imports.
If
the
Tariff
Commission
issues
Restricted
2.
Canalized
3.
Prohibited
Restricted
Prohibited
Restricted Goods
Before exporting any restricted goods, the exporter must first obtain
a license explicitly permitting the exporter to do so. The restricted
goods must be exported through a set of procedures/conditions,
which are detailed in the license.
Prohibited Goods
These are the items which cannot be exported at all. The vast
majority of these include wild animals, and animal articles that may
carry a risk of infection.
State Trading Enterprise (STE)
Certain items can be exported only through designated STEs. The
export of such items is subject to the conditions specified in the
EXIM policy.
Types of Duties
There are many types of duties that are levied in India on imports
and exports. A list of these duties follows below:
Basic Duty
Basic duty is the typical tax rate that is applied to goods. The rates
of custom duties are specified in the First and Second Schedules of
the Customs Tariff Act of 1975. The First Schedule contains rates of
import duty, and the second schedule contains rates of export
duties. Most of the items in India are exempt from custom duty,
which is generally levied on imports.
The first schedule contains two rates: Standard rate and preferential
rate. The preferential rate is lower than the standard rate. When
goods are imported from a place specified by the central
government (CG) for lower rates, the preferential rate is applicable.
In any other case, the standard rate will be applicable. If the CG has
signed a trade agreement with the country of origin, then the CG
may opt to charge a lower basic duty than indicated in the first
schedule.
Additional Customs Duty (Countervailing Duty)
In addition to the basic duty on imported goods, a countervailing
duty is also applicable to imported goods. The rate of duty is equal
to the rate of excise applied to goods manufactured in India. If the
article is not manufactured in India, then goods of a similar nature
are used to determine the correct duty amount. If there are different
rates of duty on similar goods, then the highest rates of the known
products will be applied to the article in question.
Additional Duty (VAT)
The CG may levy an additional duty equivalent to sales tax or VAT
charged on sale/purchase in India. The rate cannot exceed 4
percent. However, the additional duty shall be refunded when the
imported goods are sold if the following conditions are satisfied:
1.
2.
The sale invoice shall bear the indication that the credit of
such duty shall not be allowed; and
3.
Anti-Dumping Duty
Duty
on
Subsidized
Articles
Research
activities
conducted
by
person
engaged
in
manufacturing or export
2.
3.
Assistance
in
adaptation
of
existing
facilities
to
new
environment requirements.
The notification issued by CG in this regard shall be valid for five
years and possibly subject to further extension. However, the total
period cannot exceed 10 years from the initial date of imposition.
Safeguard Duty
A safeguard duty is a tariff designed to provide protection to
domestic goods, favoring them over imported items. If the
government determines that increased imports of certain items are
having a significantly detrimental effect on domestic competitors, it
may opt to levy this duty on those imports to discourage their
proliferation. However, the duty does not apply to articles imported
from developing countries. The CG may exempt imports of any
duty
cannot
exceed
the
amount
proposed
in
the
2. Required documents
Export procedure describes the documents required for exporting
from India. Special documents may be required depending on the
type of product or destination. Certain export products may require
a quality control inspection certificate from the Export Inspection
Agency. Some food and pharmaceutical product may require a
health
or
sanitary
certificate
for
export.
The following are the export documents required for the processing
of the Shipping Bill:
The formats presented for the Shipping Bill are as given below
Note: - For the goods which are cleared by Land Customs, Bill of
Export (also of 4 types - white, green, yellow & pink) is required
instead
of
Shipping
Bill.
over
1.05
m.
Measurement
of
any
other
side
of
Tanzania,
Mauritius,
New
Zealand,
Burma,
Iraq,
The
non-equity
modes
category
includes export
and
Exporting
Exporting is the process of selling of goods and services produced in
one country to other countries. There are two types of exporting:
direct and indirect.
DIRECT EXPORTS
Direct exports represent the most basic mode of exporting made by
a
(holding)
company,
capitalizing
on economies
of
scale
in
presentations,
customs
clearance
formalities,
legal
Disadvantages
INDIRECT EXPORTS
Indirect exports is the process of exporting through domestically
based export intermediaries. The exporter has no control over its
products in the foreign market.
TYPE
Export trading companies (ETCs)
These provide support services of the entire export process for one
or more suppliers. Attractive to suppliers that are not familiar with
exporting as ETCs usually perform all the necessary work: locate
overseas trading partners, present the product, quote on specific
enquiries, etc.
Confirming houses
These are intermediate sellers that work for foreign buyers. They
receive the product requirements from their clients, negotiate
purchases, make delivery, and pay the suppliers/manufacturers. An
opportunity here arises in the fact that if the client likes the product
it may become a trade representative. A potential disadvantage
includes suppliers unawareness and lack of control over what a
confirming house does with their product.
Nonconforming purchasing agents
These are similar to confirming houses with the exception that they
do not pay the suppliers directly payments take place between a
supplier/manufacturer and a foreign buyer.
Advantages
Disadvantages
market
feedback
affecting
the
international
Quickly
expand
without
much
risk
and
large
capital
investment
that
presents
some
disadvantages
and
reasons
why
Franchising
The franchising system can be defined as: A system in which semiindependent business owners (franchisees) pay fees and royalties to
a parent company (franchiser) in return for the right to become
Low cost
sharing,
technology
sharing
and
joint
product
Cultural clashes
effective
vision
and
strong
local
to
leaders
enables
company
to
make
informed
business
decisions. These sales forecasting for farm food dehydrated PVT ltd
is based on certain assumption and calculation.
Projected Sales Forecast (Rs.)
Particulars
2016
2017
2018
Unit
Price
Unit
Price
Unit
Price
Morocco
16,000
1740
20,000
1740
25,000
1740
Total Sales
2,78,40,000
Tomatoes
3,48,00,000
4,35,00,000
Assumption:
Latest Exchange Rates: 1 Morocco Dirham = 6.96 Indian
rupees
Dehydrate Tomato Price in India is 1700 Rs./Kg
The sales per unit in the year 2016 is 16,000
Every year the sales price is remains constant.
Every year, number of units increases by 80.00%.
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
(16000 Units)
(20000
(25000
Sales
2,78,40,000
Units)
3,48,00,000
Units)
4,35,00,000
Excise Duty
TOTAL SALES
2,78,40,000
3,48,00,000
4718750
627360
260000
218000
164880
25000
26666
172631
1938750
15000
5898437
660389
280000
218000
173158
26000
35500
181720
1978340
15000
7373045
695145
300000
218000
181850
27000
47410
191280
2018715
15000
19767
22985
26730
81,86,804
94,89,529
1,96,53,196
1,76,000
1,94,77,196
36,64,200
1,58,12,996
3162599
2,53,10,471
1,76,000
2,51,34,471
29,31,360
2,22,03,111
4440622
1,26,50,397
1,77,62,489
TOTAL
OPERATING
EXPENSES
PBDIT
Interest Expanse
PBDT
Depreciation (20%)
PBT
Taxes
Net Profit
4,35,00,00
0
1,10,94,17
5
3,24,05,825
1,76,000
3,22,29,825
23,45,088
2,98,84,737
5976947
2,39,07,78
9
Assumptions
Interest paid on share capital is 8%
20% Depreciation charged on fixed assets by WDV method
Tax rate is 20%
Balance Sheet
Particulars
Sources of Funds
Total share Capital
Reserve
Unsecured Loans
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2200000
316260
1,37,87,009
2200000
444062
1,46,28,483
2200000
597695
1,53,72,523
Current Liability
Total Liabilities
Application of Funds
Gross Block
147601
1,64,50,870
178911
1,74,51,456
221332
1,83,91,550
18321000
36,64,200
18321000
29,31,360
18321000
23,45,088
14656800
480000
15389640
640000
15975912
853333
Air Conditioner
289333
385778
514370
Electric Equipment
360000
360000
360000
GEB Deposit
2,00,000
2,00,000
2,00,000
FD
2,50,000
2,50,000
2,50,000
LPG System
2,14,737
2,26,038
237935
Total Asset
1,64,50,870
1,74,51,456
1,83,91,550
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
Sales
2,78,40,000
3,48,00,000
4,35,00,000
81,86,804
94,89,529
1,10,94,175
Contribution
1,96,53,196
70,02,799
2,53,10,471
75,47,982
3,24,05,825
84,98,036
1,26,50,397
1,77,62,48
9
2,39,07,789
Unit
16,000
20,000
25,000
1228.32
1265.52
1296.23
5701.12
5964.33
6555.95
25,000
20,000
Unit
15,000
10,000
5,000
Assumptions
Variable cost includes electricity, cartage, lab testing etc
Contribution per unit is calculated as total contribution (in
Rs)/total numbers of unit
BEP (in units) = Fixed Cost / Contribution per Unit
Particulars
Asset:Current Asset
FY 2015-16
FY 2016-17
FY 2017-18
Cash/Bank in Hand
400000
444444
493827
Inventory
710526
747922
787286
3121000
0
255294
160000
1515500
3121000
0
300346
160000
1515000
3121000
0
353348
160000
1514444
1,00,000
50,000
2,14,737
1,00,000
50,000
2,26,038
1,00,000
50,000
237935
Fixed Assets
Building Extension
Steel Fabrication
Air Conditioner
Electric Equipment
Machinery
Investment
GEB Deposit
FD
LPG System
Electric Equipment
Total Assets
Liabilities:Current liabilities
TDS Payable
Gas Bill Payable
VAT and Service Tax Payable
Unsecured loan
Owners equity
Paid In capital
Retain Earning
Net Profit
Total Liabilities
Particulars
Sales
Additional
sales
1,60,000
66,87,057
1,60,000
68,24,750
1,60,000
69,77,840
47058
87500
13043
21397500
55363
109375
14173
26746875
69204
136718
15410
33433593
2200000
15441610
583566
66,87,057
2200000
20990284
889248
68,24,750
2200000
27890663
1213578
69,77,840
2012-13
50,78,700
(Retail 18,15,552
2013-14
56,43,000
18,91,200
2014-15
62,70,000
19,70,000
service)
TOTAL SALES
68,94,252
75,34,200
82,40,000
Cost of sales
(4,70,401)
(5,63,490)
(6,75,000)
64,23,851
69,70,710
75,65,000
34,23,455
3,81,440
2,17,376
1,97,823
1,42,379
22,658
11,250
1800
1,04,960
17,14,750
8438
12,340
35,94,933
4,76,800
2,28,408
2,07,667
1,49,511
23,800
15,000
2700
1,31,200
18,05,000
11,250
14,484
37,75,000
5,96,000
2,40,000
2,18,000
1,57,000
25,000
20,000
4,050
1,64,000
19,00,000
15,000
17,000
66,60,753
71,31,050
3,09,957
(65,713)
2,44,244
4,33,950
(92,000)
3,41,950
TOTAL
OPERATING 62,38,669
EXPENSES (B)
Net income before Taxes (A-B)
Provision for Tax On Income
Net Income After Taxes
1,85,182
(39,260)
1,45,922
Findings
Scope for global market due to low weight products & easy handling
in India
There are two major types of entry modes: equity and non-equity
modes.
The
non-equity
modes
category
includes export
and
market.
Direct export involves higher start-up costs and higher risks and
takes longer time to capture market as opposed to indirect
exporting.
We suggest to company go for Indirect export because it involves
low risk exists for companies who consider their domestic market to
be more important and for companies that are still developing their
Bibliography