5

What's the matter?

Verbs and Infinitive

1. En espaol el infinitivo de los verbos termina en ar, er o ir; tiene por lo tanto tres terminaciones.
Vers ms abajo que, en cuanto a terminacin, los verbos en ingls son imperfectos y terminan de
muchas maneras diferentes. Digamos que para "unificar" esta situacin el infinitivo de los verbos
en ingls se forma anteponindole la partcula TO al verbo.

2. Algunos ejemplos: CANTAR se dice TO SING; BEBER se dice TO DRINK; ABRIR se dice TO
OPEN.
3. Otra caracterstica del infinitivo es que puedes convertirlo en una INSTRUCCION u ORDEN si
eliminas el TO: Close your book !! (Cierra tu libro!). Puedes "suavizar" estas rdenes, agregando
please (por favor) al principio o al final: Please, close your book (Por favor, cierra tu libro); Close
your book, please (Cierra tu libro, por favor).

Algunos verbos en infinitivo

to attend

asistir (curso o academia)

to speak

hablar

to carry

llevar; acarrear

to spend

gastar o pasar

to close

cerrar

to start

comenzar, iniciar

to drive

conducir (un auto)

to sweat

sudar

to find

encontrar

to swim

nadar

to go

ir

to take

tomar (taxi); dar (paseo); llevar

to open

abrir

to wait

esperar

to play

jugar (deportes); tocar (piano)

to walk

caminar

to put

poner; colocar

to wish

desear

to rain

llover

to want

querer

to run

correr

to work

trabajar

to read

leer

to wash

lavar

to say

decir

to watch

mirar (TV); observar

to see

ver

to wear

usar (ropa)

to snow

nevar (caer nieve)

to write

escribir

to spell

deletrear

to win

ganar

PRESENT CONTINUOUS - FORMS

AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Subject

Verb to be

Verb>ing

am

walking

You

are

walking

He

is

walking

She

is

walking

It

is

walking

We

are

walking

You

are

walking

They

are

walking

Use the words below to make sentences in present progressive.

1.

I / to read a book

I am reading a book

2.

it / to rain

3.

he / to repair his bike

4.

they / to watch a film

5.

the cat /to sleep on the chair

6.

Jane and Emily / to do their homework

7.

Bill / to wait at the bus stop

8.

we / to listen to the radio

9.

the children / to play a game

10.

Laura / to walk the dog

Write these sentences in order

1. pizza / at / eating / are / party / the / we ..
2. English / you / studying / are

..

3. baby / the / crying / is

..

4. father / late / working / tonight / is / my

..

5. school / are / the / walking / children / to ..

INTERROGATIVE FORM
Verb to be

Subject

Verb >ing

AM

working?

ARE

you

working?

IS

he

working?

IS

she

working?

IS

it

working?

ARE

we

working?

ARE

you

working?

ARE

they

working?

Write questions with the words below.

1.

Peter / to go / to the cinema

Is Peter going to the cinema?

2.

they / to play / a game

3.

she / to listen /to the radio

4.

I / to dream

5.

they / to pack / their bags

6.

you / to do / the washing-up

7.

we / to talk / too fast

8.

they / to clean / the windows

9.

she / to watch / the news

10.

you / to pull / my leg

Write these sentences in order

1. tomorrow / we / leaving / are?

..

2. reading / is / Mr Weiss / newspaper / the ? ..

3. playing/in /garden /the /are /children /the? ..
4. radio /listening /you /to /are /the /now?

..

5. mother /her /driving /car /is /your /to /work?..

NEGATIVE FORM
Subject

Verb to be

NOT

Verb>ing

am

not

walking

You

are

not

walking

He

is

not

walking

She

is

not

walking

It

is

not

walking

We

are

not

walking

You

are

not

walking

They

are

not

walking

Transform the sentences below into negative sentences.

1.

I am watching TV.

I am not watching TV

2.

I am talking.

3.

They are drawing

4.

He is opening the window.

5.

Angela is cleaning the bathroom.

6.

We are helping in the garden

7.

You are singing.

8.

It is raining.

9.

She is joking.

10. I am tidying up my room.

Write these sentences in order

1. His /tomorrow /not /father /coming /is

..

2. time /arriving /train /on /is /the /not

..

3. tonight /sister /my /cooking /not /is /dinner

..

4. to /mother /her /she /talking /not /is

..

5. late /getting /he /today /not /is /up

..

Los verbos terminados en e eliminan la e y agregan ING: close - closing. Una

excepcin es see - seeing
example: come - coming
I am coming home. You are coming home. He is coming home.
Los verbos terminados en vocal + consonante duplican la consonante antes de
agregar ING:
example: sit - sitting
I am sitting on the sofa. You are sitting on the sofa. He is sitting on the sofa.
Si el verbo termina en l y es precedida por una vocal se dobla la l antes de
agregarle la ing
example: travel - travelling
I am travelling around. You are travelling around. He is travelling around.
Si el verbo termina con ie, se reemplaza por la y y a continuancion se agrega
la ing
example: lie - lying
I am lying in bed. You are lying in bed. He is lying in bed.
Write down the ing form of the following words. Mind the exceptions in spelling.
make

stop

have

model .

sit

get

run

travel

lie

tie

AFFIRMATIVE

SHORT FORMS

I am playing.
He is playing
We are playing.

I'm playing.
He's playing.
We're playing.

NEGATIVE

SHORT FORMS

I am not playing.
He is not playing.
We are not playing.

I'm not playing.

He's not playing. / He isn't playing.
We're not playing. /We aren't playing.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS - USE

a) El presente continuo se utiliza para exprezar acciones que estan
ocurriendo en el mismo momento en que se esta hablando

Examples
The kids are watching TV.
I am sitting down, because I am tired.
Who are you writing to?

b) Acciones que ocurren muy proximo al momento presente ya sea antes o

despues y no se trata de una accion permanente ni habitual
Examples
What are you doing these days? - "Unfortunately I'm working a lot."
Sally is studying really hard for her exams this week.
Our car is in the repair shop so We are walking to school this month

c) El presente continuo tambien se utiliza para expresar acciones futuras

inmediatas que ya fueron confirmadas o ya se tomo una decision de llevarlas
a cabo.
Examples
I am seeing my dentist on Wednesday.
Polly is coming for dinner tomorrow.
We aren't going on holiday next week.
Observacion: Este tiempo verbal se utiliza con verbos que indican accion,
no asi con aquellos que indican un estado de cosas
Condicion: belong, cost, need, own, seem
Sentimientos: like, love, hate, want, wish
Creencias: believe, feel, know, mean, remember, think, understand

Listening
I'm wearing a coat,
but I'm not wearing boots.
You're wearing a coat,
but you aren't wearing boots.

They're wearing a coat,

but they aren't wearing boots.
It's snowing,
and, it's very cold.

She's wearing a coat,

but she isn't wearing boots.

I'm wearing a coat,

but I'm not wearing boots.

We're wearing a coat,

but we aren't wearing boots.

It's very cold,

so let's take a taxi.

Listening
She's running,
so she's wearing running shoes.
He's driving,
but he isn't wearing his glasses.
We are walking in the snow,
but we aren't wearing boots.
They're playing tennis,
but they aren't wearing tennis shoes.
It's snowing,
and I'm taking a walk.

Listening
Are you getting up?
Yes, I am.
No, I'm not.

Is she going to work?

Yes, she is.
No, she isn't.

Is he having breakfast?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn't.

Are they working?

Yes, they are.
No, they aren't.

QUESTION WORDS

WHAT?

WHICH?

WHERE?

WHOM?

What

WHEN?

WHOSE?

Which

What is the time?

What is your fathers last name?
What are your favorite books on history?
Which author do you prefer?
Which is the last movie directed by Coppola?
Which are the main characters of the movie?

Where

When

Why

Where is your new black coat?

Where are you going this summer?
When are Peter and Sarah coming to Argentina to visit us?
When is your birthday?
Why is this car so expensive if it is so small?
Why do you use this device that is so difficult to manage?

Who - Whom
Who is the woman in black?
Who are the guys playing with George?
Whom did Jonathan give the book I was reading last night?
Whom did you invite to the birthday party?

Whose

How

Whose is the blue car that is parked over there?

Whose are those keys that I found?
How did you find the ring I was looking for?
How long is Mary birthdays dress?

WHY?

HOW?

WHO?

grammar

I'm staying in bed

What + doing?

What is Victoria doing?

She's sleeping.

What is Celia doing?

She's going to work.

What is Permsack doing?

He's having dinner.

What is Juan doing?

He's getting up.

What are Paul and Ann doing?

They're having lunch.

What is Jim doing?

He's watching television.

What are Sue and Tom doing?

They're having breakfast.

What is Boris doing?

He's working.

What are you doing?

exercises
1. What is Mr. Donald doing? (to play golf)

2. What is your sister doing? (to watch TV)

3. What is her mother doing? (to talk on the phone)

4. What is his father doing? (to read a book)

5. What are they doing? (to play American football)

6. What is she doing? (to cry)

7. What is he doing? (to run)

8. What are they doing? (to sit in a meeting)

9. What is she doing? (to cycle)

10. What is she doing? (to climb up a ladder)

exercises
1. What is Kim doing on Monday evening? (to meet Tom)

2. What is she doing on Tuesday afternoon? (look after Carol's kids)

3. What is she doing on Tuesday evening? (play baseball)

.
4. What is she doing on Wednesday morning? (see the dentist)
..
5. What is she doing on Wednesday evening? (work late)
..
6. What is she doing on Thursday afternoon? (pick up Jen from the airport)
..
7. What is she doing on Friday evening? (go to a concert)

8. What is she doing on Saturday morning? (go on a sight-seeing tour with Jen)

9. What is she doing on Saturday evening? (have a party)

.
10. What is she doing on Sunday morning? (take Jen to the airport)

Part 1

Listening
It's 7 p.m. in New York.

Sue and Tom are calling their friends in different cities.

What time is it in Bangkok? Tokyo? Brasilia?

SUE:

What time is it now?

TOM:

It's seven o' clock.

SUE:

Good. If it's seven p.m. in New York, then it's seven a.m. in Bangkok.
So, I'm calling Permsak right now. (picks up phone)

TOM:

Permsak? If it's seven a.m., Permsak is sleeping.

SUE:

(hangs up phone) You're right.

Listening

Part 2

TOM:

Wait a minute, what time is it in Tokyo?

SUE:

It's nine a.m.

TOM:
SUE:

Great. (picks up phone and dials)

So, what are you doing?

TOM: I'm calling Kyoko in Tokio. She's awake.

SUE:

But Kyoko is in Brasilia this week. Remember?

TOM:

(hangs up phone) Oh, right.

Listening

Part 3

SUE:

Here's her telephone number at the hotel.

TOM:

So what time is it in Brasilia?

SUE:

TOM:

It's nine o'clock in the evening.

Hm. Kyoko is probably watching television right now.
(picks up phone and dials)
So, are you calling Kyoko?

SUE:

Yes, I am !!!

TOM:

Great !!! We have to tell someone about OUR NEW BABY

EJERCICIO DE LECTO - COMPRENSION

Escucha detenidamente los cuatro archivos de audio y coloca el numero de
cuadro correspondiente a cada parrafo

CHRIS: What am I doing? I'm shopping for summer clothes. This bathing suit is
great. I'm also looking for sandals. I'm getting ready for a vacation at the beach
TERRY: We're working in the garden today. We're planting flowers and pulling
weeds. This is our favorite thing to do on a Saturday.
STACY: My friend and I are just driving around and looking at people. We're not
doing anything special. But we're having fun.
PAT: I'm just sitting outdoors, in a caf. And I'm having coffee, of course.
I'm reading a great book. It's a love story. Uh-oh... It's starting to rain.

Dialogue
Mr. Ron:
Mrs. Ron:
Mr. Ron:
Mrs. Ron:
Mr. Ron:
Mrs. Ron:
Mr. Ron:
Mrs. Ron:
Mr. Ron:

Hey ! Are you getting dressed?

Yes, I am.
Why? What time is it?
It's a quarter to eight. I'm going to work.
But it's Saturday !!
I'm working on Saturday mornings this month.
Are you getting up?
No, I'm not. I'm staying
in bed.
OK. See you at noon.
If I'm awake.