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World Malaria
Report 2015
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World Malaria Report 2015
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WHO GLOBAL MALARIA PROGRAMME
2015
WORLD MALARIA REPORT
WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

World malaria report 2015.
1.Malaria - prevention and control. 2 Malaria - economics. 3.Malaria - epidemiology. 4.National
Health Programs - utilization. 5.Insecticide-Treated Bednets. 6.Antimalarials - therapeutic use.
7.Drug Resistance. 8.Disease Vectors. 9.Malaria Vaccines. 10.Annual Reports. I.World Health
Organization.
ISBN 978 92 4 156515 8
(NLM classification: WC 765)
World Health Organization 2015

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ii
WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Key points
iv
vi
ix
x
SECTION 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction to the World malaria report 2015
1.2 Introduction to malaria
1.3 Strategies to control and eliminate malaria
1.4 Global goals, targets and indicators 20002015
2
2
2
3
4
SECTION 2 Trends in infection prevalence, cases and deaths

2.1 Global trends in malaria incidence and mortality
2.2 Child mortality and infection prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa
2.3 Estimated malaria cases and deaths averted, 20012015
2.4 Country-level trends in malaria incidence and mortality
2.5 Towards elimination of malaria in the WHO European Region
2.6 Towards malaria elimination in other WHO regions
8
8
10
13
13
18
20
SECTION 3 Coverage of key interventions

3.1 Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
3.2 Indoor residual spraying
3.3 Larval control
3.4 Preventive therapies for malaria
3.5 Diagnostic testing
3.6 Malaria treatment
3.7 Effect of malaria prevention and treatment measures on parasite
prevalence and case incidence in sub-Saharan Africa
22
22
24
26
26
28
31
SECTION 4 Costs of malaria control and cost savings

4.1 Investments in malaria control
4.2 Provider cost savings attributed to malaria control activities
36
36
38
SECTION 5 Challenges
5.1 Continuing disease burden
5.2 Gaps in programme coverage
5.3 Weaknesses in health systems
5.4 Plasmodium vivax malaria
5.5 Resistance to insecticides
5.6 Antimalarial drug efficacy and resistance
5.7 Disease outbreaks
5.8 Other challenges
40
40
41
44
46
48
50
52
52
SECTION 6 Moving forward
54
References
56
REGIONAL PROFILES
59
COUNTRY AND AREA PROFILES
81
ANNEXES
34
181
iii
Foreword
Dr Margaret Chan
Director-General
This World malaria report is released in a milestone year: 2015 marks the end
of the era of Millennium Development Goals and the dawn of a new global
agenda for human health and prosperity, the Sustainable Development
Goals. It is also the target year for malaria goals set by the World Health
Assembly and other global institutions.
Against this backdrop, our report tracks a dramatic decline in the global
malaria burden over 15 years. Target 6C of 2000 Millennium Development
Goals called for halting and beginning to reverse the global incidence of
malaria by 2015. The report shows unquestionably that this target has
been achieved. Fifty-seven countries have reduced their malaria cases by
75%, in line with the World Health Assemblys target for 2015.
For the rst time since WHO began keeping score, the European Region
is reporting zero indigenous cases of malaria. This is an extraordinary
achievement that can only be maintained through continued political
commitment and constant vigilance. The Region of the Americas and Western
Pacic Region have also achieved substantial reductions in malaria cases.
The African Region continues to shoulder the heaviest malaria burden.
However, here too we have seen impressive gains: since 2000, malaria
mortality rates have fallen by 66% among all age groups, and by 71% among
children under ve.
Progress was made possible through the massive rollout of effective
prevention and treatment tools. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than half of
the population is now sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets,
compared to just 2% in 2000. A rapid expansion in diagnostic testing, and in
the availability of antimalarial medicines, has allowed many more people to
access timely and appropriate treatment.
Prevention and treatment efforts are saving millions of dollars in healthcare
costs. New estimates in our report show that reductions in malaria cases
in sub-Saharan Africa saved an estimated US $900 million over 14 years.
Mosquito nets contributed the largest savings, followed by artemisinin-based
combination therapies and indoor residual spraying.
iv
But our work is far from over. About 3.2 billion people remain at risk of
malaria. In 2015 alone, there were an estimated 214 million new cases of
malaria and 438 000 deaths. Millions of people are still not accessing the
services they need to prevent and treat malaria.
Approximately 80% of malaria deaths are concentrated in just 15 countries,
mainly in Africa. Taken together, these high-burden countries have achieved
slower-than-average declines in malaria incidence and mortality. In most of
these countries, weak health systems continue to impede progress.
To address these and other challenges, WHO has developed a Global
Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016-2030. The strategy sets ambitious but
achievable targets for 2030, including a reduction in global malaria incidence
and mortality of at least 90%. Achieving these targets will require country
leadership and a tripling of global investment for malaria.
We have arrived at a pivotal moment. Global progress in malaria control over
the last 15 years is nothing short of remarkable. Let us not lose momentum.
Together, we can transform the health, well-being and livelihood of millions
of people across the globe.
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to the numerous people who contributed to the production of the World malaria
report 2015. The following people collected and reviewed data from malaria endemic countries:
Ahmad Murid Muradi, Mohamad Sami Nahzat and Ahmad Walid Sediqi (Afghanistan); Lammali Karima
(Algeria); Filomeno Fortes and Yava Luvundo Ricardo (Angola); Mario Zaidenberg (Argentina); Suleyman
Mammadov (Azerbaijan); Anjan Kumar Saha (Bangladesh); Kim Bautista (Belize); Mariam Oke Sopoh
(Benin); Rinzin Namgay (Bhutan); Omar Flores (Bolivia [Plurinational State of]); Tjantilili Mosweunyane,
N Mapuranga (Botswana); Cassio Roberto Leonel Peterka (Brazil); Sanon Harouna and Laurent Moyenga
(Burkina Faso); Moza Seleman, Dismas Baza (Burundi); Antnio Lima Moreira (Cabo Verde); Tol Bunkea
(Cambodia); Kouambeng Celestin (Cameroon); Aristide Dsir Komangoya-Nzonzo (Central African
Republic); Mahamat Idriss Djaskano (Chad); Li Zhang, Xiao Hong Li (China); Martha Lucia Ospina Martinez
(Colombia); Astaeva Marina (Comoros); Youndouka Jean Mermoz (Congo); Jose Luis F. Garces (Costa
Rica); Ehui Anicet, Parfait Katche and Genevive Saki-Nkouressi (Cte dIvoire); Kim Yun Chol (Democratic
Peoples Republic of Korea); Joris Losimba Likwela (Democratic Republic of the Congo); Abdoulkader Garad
(Djibouti); Juan Leonidas Castro Jimenez (Dominican Republic); Enrique Castro Saavedra (Ecuador); Jaime
Enrique Alemn Escobar (El Salvador); Ramona Mba Andeme (Equatorial Guinea); Selam Mihreteab,
Assefash Zehaie Kassahun (Eritrea); Hiwot Solomon Taffese (Ethiopia); Frdric Pags (France [Mayotte])
Abdou Razack Saou and Alain Mbongo (Gabon); Momodou Kalleh (Gambia); Merab Iosava (Georgia);
Keziah Malm (Ghana); Adolfo Miranda (Guatemala); Nouman Diakite (Guinea); Fernanda Alves and Paulo
Djata (Guinea-Bissau); Rawle Jadunath (Guyana); Darlie Antoine (Haiti); Engels Ilich Banegas and Alex
Rovelo (Honduras); G.S. Sonal (India); Dewi Novianti and Asik Surya (Indonesia); Leyla Faraji, Ftemeh
Nikpoor and Ahmad Raeisi (Iran [Islamic Republic of]); Mohammed Khider Ali (Iraq); Rebecca Kiptui
(Kenya); Nurbolot Usenbaev (Kyrgyzstan); Khamsouane Khamsy (Lao Peoples Democratic Republic); Oliver
J. Pratt (Liberia); Rakotorahalahy Andry Joeliarijaona (Madagascar); Misheck Luhanga (Malawi); Mohd
Hazi Bin Abdul Hamid, Ummi Kalthom Shamsudin and Wan Ming Keong (Malaysia); Oumar Coulibaly
and Diakalia Kone (Mali); Mohamed Lemine Khairy (Mauritania); Hector Olguin Bernal (Mexico); Baltazar
Candrinho (Mozambique); Thet Wai Nwe (Myanmar); Mwalenga H. Nghipumbwa (Namibia); Yuva Raj
Pokhrel (Nepal); Julio Csar Rosales Caballero (Nicaragua); Djermakoye Hadiza Jackou (Niger); Akubue
Augustine, Abdullahi Saddiq, Femi Ajumobi, Tolu Arowolo (Nigeria); Majed Al-Zadjali (Oman); Muhammad
Suleman Memon (Pakistan); Ral Medina and Lic Carlos Victoria (Panama); Steven Paniu (Papua New
Guinea); Cynthia Viveros (Paraguay); Victor Alberto Laguna Torres (Peru); Mario Baquilod (Philippines);
Park Kyeong-Eun (Republic of Korea); Corine Karema (Rwanda); Jessica Da Veiga Soares (Sao Tome and
Principe); Mohammed Hassan Al-Zahrani (Saudi Arabia); Medoune Ndiop (Senegal); Samuel J. Smith
(Sierra Leone); John Leaburi (Solomon Islands); Fahmi E. Yusuf, Abdi Adbilahi Ali, Abdikarim Hussein Hassan
and Abdiqani Sh. Omar (Somalia); Bridget Shandukani and Mary Anne Groepe (South Africa); Harriet Akello
Pasquale (South Sudan); Risintha Premaratne (Sri Lanka); Abd Alla Ahmed Ibrahim Mohd; (Sudan); Beatrix
Jubithana (Suriname); Zulisile Zulu (Swaziland); Atef Al Tawil (Syrian Arab Republic); Sharipov Azizullo
(Tajikistan); Nipon Chinanonwait, Deyer Gopinath (Thailand); Maria do Rosiro de Fatima Mota (TimorLeste); Kokou Davi and Tchadjobo Tchassama (Togo); Seher Topluoglu (Turkey); Mulyazaawo Mathias
Kasule (Uganda); Anna Mahendeka (United Republic of Tanzania [Mainland]); Abdul-wahid H. Al-mafazy
(United Republic of Tanzania [Zanzibar]); Inna Tyo, Natalya Lebedeva and SvetlanaTsay (Uzbekistan);
Wesley Donald (Vanuatu); Jesus Toro (Venezuela [Bolivarian Republic of]); Nguyen Quy Anh and Dai Tran
Cong (Viet Nam); Moamer Mohammed Badi (Yemen); Mercy Mwanza Ingwe (Zambia); Wonder Sithole
(Zimbabwe).
The following WHO staff in regional and subregional offices assisted in the design of data collection forms;
the collection and validation of data; and the review of epidemiological estimates, country proles, regional
proles and sections:
Birkinesh Amenshewa, Magaran Bagayoko, Steve Banza Kubenga and Issa Sanou (WHO Regional
Office for Africa [AFRO]); Spes Ntabangana (AFRO/Inter-country Support Team [IST] Central Africa);
Khoti Gausi (AFRO/IST East and Southern Africa); Abderrahmane Kharchi Tfeil (AFRO/IST West Africa);
Keith Carter, Eric Ndofor, Rainier Escalada, Maria Paz Ade and Prabhjot Singh (WHO Regional Office for
the Americas [AMRO]); Hoda Atta, Caroline Barwa and Ghasem Zamani (WHO Regional Office for the
Eastern Mediterranean [EMRO]); Elkhan Gasimov and Karen Taksoe-Vester (WHO Regional Office for
Europe [EURO]); Leonard Icutanim Ortega (WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia [SEARO]); Rabindra
Abeyasinghe, Eva-Maria Christophel, Steven Mellor, and Raymond Mendoza (WHO Regional Office for the
Western Pacic [WPRO]).
vi
Acknowledgements
Carol DSouza and Jurate Juskaite (Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria [Global Fund]) supplied
information on nancial disbursements from the Global Fund. Adam Wexler (Kaiser Family Foundation) provided
information relating to nancial contributions for malaria control from the United States of America. On vector
control, Peter Gething, Samir Bhatt and the Malaria Atlas Project (www.map.ox.ac.uk) team at the University
of Oxford, with the support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Medical Research Council (United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [UK]), produced estimates of insecticide-treated mosquito
net (ITN) coverage for African countries using data from household surveys, ITN deliveries by manufacturers,
ITNs distributed by national malaria control programmes (NMCPs) and ITN coverage indicators. They also
produced estimates of P. falciparum parasite prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. Catherine Moyes and
Antoinette Wiebe (Malaria Atlas Project) and Christen Fornadel (United States Presidents Malaria Initiative)
provided data on insecticide resistance. Jamie Griffin from Imperial College, London, provided modelled data
to estimate the percentage of malaria cases moving to severe stage by country over the 20002015 period.
John Milliner (Milliner Global Associates) provided information on long-lasting insecticidal nets delivered by
manufacturers. On malaria diagnosis and treatment, Adam Bennett (Global Health Group), Donal Bisanzio
and Peter Gething (Malaria Atlas Project), and Thom Eisele (Tulane University) produced estimates of
malaria treatment from household surveys and antimalarials distributed by NMCPs. Li Liu (Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health), Dan Hogan and Colin Mathers (WHO Department of Health Statistics
and Information Systems) prepared malaria mortality estimates in children aged under 5 years on behalf
of the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group.
Maps of ITN coverage and parasite prevalence for the WHO African Region were produced by the Malaria
Atlas Project (www.map.ox.ac.uk) under the leadership of Peter Gething. The maps for country and regional
proles were produced by the Malaria Atlas Projects ROAD-MAPII team led by Mike Thorn: Harry Gibson,
Joe Harris, Andy Henry and Zhi Huang. The Malaria Atlas Project is supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation and the Medical Research Council (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland).
We are also grateful to:
Melanie Renshaw (African Leaders Malaria Alliance [ALMA]), Trenton Ruebush (independent consultant)
and Larry Slutsker (United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), who graciously reviewed all
sections and provided substantial comments for their formulation;
Claudia Nannini (WHO) for legal review;
Renata Cabrera and Amlie Latour for the translation into Spanish and French, respectively, of the foreword
and key points;
Samson Katikiti (ALMA) for reviewing data from Southern African countries;
Claude Cardot and the Designisgood team for the design and layout of the report;
Paprika (Annecy, France) for developing map layouts and generating country proles and annexes;
Blossom (Milan, Italy) for the design of the report cover; and
Hilary Cadman and the Cadman Editing Services team for technical editing of the report.
The production of the World malaria report 2015 was coordinated by Richard Cibulskis (WHO Global
Malaria Programme). Laurent Bergeron (WHO Global Malaria Programme) provided programmatic
support for overall management of the project. The World malaria report 2015 was written by John Aponte
(WHO consultant), Maru Aregawi, Richard Cibulskis, Cristin Fergus, Michael Lynch (United States Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention), Rossitza Mintcheva (WHO consultant), Edith Patouillard, Aafje Rietveld,
Saira Stewart and Ryan Williams on behalf of the WHO Global Malaria Programme. We are grateful to
our colleagues in the Global Malaria Programme who also contributed to the production of sections:
Pedro Alonso, Amy Barrette, Andrea Bosman, Jane Cunningham, Pearl Harlley, Tessa Knox, Abraham
Mnzava, Peter Olumese, Charlotte Rasmussen, Pascal Ringwald, Vasee Sathiyamoorthy, Silvia Schwarte
and Emmanuel Temu. We also thank Camille Pillon for her assistance with communications activities, and
Simone Colairo-Valerio and Eva Kakyomya for administrative support.
Funding for the production of this report was gratefully received from the United Kingdom Department for
International Development, the United States Agency for International Development and the Swiss Agency
for Development and Cooperation, through a grant to the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute. We also
thank the Government of Monaco for its programme, Accelerated Malaria Control towards Pre-elimination
in East and Southern Africa by 2015, which supported collection of malaria programme data.
vii
viii
Abbreviations
ACT
artemisinin-based combination
therapy
OECD
Organisation for Economic

Co-operation and Development
AL
artemether-lumefantrine
P.
Plasmodium
AMFm
Affordable Medicine Facility

malaria
PfPR
P. falciparum parasite rate
ANC
antenatal care
RBM
Roll Back Malaria
API
annual parasite index
RDT
rapid diagnostic test
AQ
amodiaquine
SAGE
Strategic Advisory Group of Experts

on Immunization, WHO
AS
artesunate
SMC
seasonal malaria chemoprevention
ASAQ
artesunate-amodiaquine
SP
sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
ASMQ
artesunate-meoquine
UI
uncertainty interval
ASSP
artesunate-sulfadoxinepyrimethamine
U5MR
under-5 mortality rate
CCM
community case management
UN
United Nations
CFR
case fatality rate
WHO
CI
condence interval
CRS
creditor reporting system
DDT
dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
DHA-PPQ
dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine
G6PD
glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase
GDP
gross domestic product
Abbreviations of WHO regions and

offices
AFR
WHO African Region
AFRO
WHO Regional Office for Africa
AMR
WHO Region of the Americas
Global Fund Global Fund to Fight AIDS,

Tuberculosis and Malaria
AMRO
WHO Regional Office for the

Americas
GMAP
Global Malaria Action Plan
EMR
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
IPTi
intermittent preventive treatment in

infants
EMRO
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern

Mediterranean
IPTp
intermittent preventive treatment in

pregnancy
EUR
WHO European Region
EURO
WHO Regional Office for Europe
IQR
interquartile range
SEAR
WHO South-East Asia Region
IRS
indoor residual spraying
SEARO
ITN
insecticide-treated mosquito net
WHO Regional Office for South-East

Asia
K-13
Kelch 13
WPR
WHO Western Pacic Region
LLIN
long-lasting insecticidal net
WPRO
MDG
Millennium Development Goal
WHO Regional Office for the

Western Pacic
MPAC
Malaria Policy Advisory Committee,

WHO
MQ
meoquine
NMCP
national malaria control programme
ix
Key points
The World malaria report 2015 assesses global malaria disease trends and changes in the
coverage and nancing of malaria control programmes between 2000 and 2015. It also
summarizes progress towards international targets, and provides regional and country
proles that summarize trends in each WHO region and each country with malaria.
The report is produced with the help of WHO regional and country offices, ministries of
health in endemic countries, and a broad range of other partners. The data presented
were assembled from the 95 countries and territories with ongoing malaria transmission,
and a further six countries that have recently eliminated malaria. Most data are those
reported for 2014 and 2015, although in some cases projections have been made into
2015, to assess progress towards targets for 2015.
Trends in infection prevalence, case incidence and mortality rates

Malaria cases. The number of malaria cases globally fell from an estimated 262 million
in 2000 (range: 205316 million), to 214 million in 2015 (range: 149303 million), a
decline of 18%. Most cases in 2015 are estimated to have occurred in the WHO African
Region (88%), followed by the WHO South-East Asia Region (10%) and the WHO Eastern
Mediterranean Region (2%). The incidence of malaria, which takes into account population
growth, is estimated to have decreased by 37% between 2000 and 2015. In total, 57 of
106 countries that had ongoing transmission in 2000 have reduced malaria incidence
by >75%. A further 18 countries are estimated to have reduced malaria incidence by
5075%. Thus, the target of Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 6 to have halted and
begun to reverse the incidence of malaria (Target 6C) has been achieved.
Malaria deaths in all ages. The number of malaria deaths globally fell from an
estimated 839 000 in 2000 (range: 653 0001.1 million), to 438 000 in 2015 (range:
236 000635 000), a decline of 48%. Most deaths in 2015 were in the WHO African
Region (90%), followed by the WHO South-East Asia Region (7%) and the WHO Eastern
Mediterranean Region (2%). The malaria mortality rate, which takes into account
population growth, is estimated to have decreased by 60% globally between 2000 and
2015. Thus, substantial progress has been made towards the World Health Assembly
target of reducing the malaria burden by 75% by 2015, and the Roll Back Malaria (RBM)
Partnership target of reducing deaths to near zero.
Malaria deaths in children under 5 years. The number of malaria deaths in children
aged under 5 years is estimated to have decreased from 723 000 globally in 2000
(range: 563 000948 000) to 306 000 in 2015 (range: 219 000421 000). The bulk of
this decrease occurred in the WHO African Region, where the estimated number of
deaths fell from 694 000 in 2000 (range: 569 000901 000) to 292 000 in 2015 (range:
212 000384 000). As a result, malaria is no longer the leading cause of death among
children in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015, malaria was the fourth highest cause of death,
accounting for 10% of child deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Reductions in malaria deaths
have contributed substantially to progress towards achieving the MDG 4 target of
reducing the under-5 mortality rate by two thirds between 1990 and 2015. Nevertheless,
malaria remains a major killer of children, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, taking the
life of a child every 2 minutes.
Infections in children aged 210 years. The proportion of children infected with malaria
parasites has halved in endemic areas of Africa since 2000. Infection prevalence among
children aged 210 years is estimated to have declined from 33% in 2000 (uncertainty
interval [UI]: 3135%) to 16% in 2015 (UI: 1419%), with three quarters of this change
occurring after 2005.
x
Key points
Cases and deaths averted. It is estimated that a cumulative 1.2 billion fewer malaria
cases and 6.2 million fewer malaria deaths occurred globally between 2001 and 2015
than would have been the case had incidence and mortality rates remained unchanged
since 2000. In sub-Saharan Africa, it is estimated that malaria control interventions
accounted for 70% of the 943 million fewer malaria cases occurring between 2001 and
2015, averting 663 million malaria cases (range: 542753 million). Of the 663 million cases
averted due to malaria control interventions, it is estimated that 69% were averted due
to use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) (UI: 6373%), 21% due to artemisininbased combination therapy (ACT) (UI: 1729%) and 10% due to indoor residual spraying
(IRS) (UI: 614%).
Progress to elimination. An increasing number of countries are moving towards
elimination of malaria. Whereas only 13 countries were estimated to have fewer than
1000 malaria cases in 2000, 33 countries are estimated to have achieved this milestone
in 2015. Also, in 2014, 16 countries reported zero indigenous cases (Argentina, Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Costa Rica, Iraq, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Oman, Paraguay, Sri Lanka,
Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates and Uzbekistan). Another three
countries and territories reported fewer than 10 indigenous cases (Algeria, El Salvador
and Mayotte [France]). The WHO European Region reported zero indigenous cases for
the rst time in 2015, in line with the goal of the Tashkent Declaration to eliminate malaria
from the region by 2015.
Coverage of key interventions

Population with access to ITNs. For countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the estimated
proportion with access to an ITN in their household was 56% in 2014 (95% condence
interval [CI]: 5161%) and 67% in 2015 (95% CI: 6171%). A high proportion (about 82%) of
those with access to an ITN sleep under an ITN. Consequently, ensuring access to ITNs
has been critical to increasing the proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN.
Population sleeping under ITNs. For countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the estimated
proportion sleeping under an ITN was 46% in 2014 (95% CI: 4250%) and 55% in 2015
(95% CI: 5058%); the proportion of children aged under 5 years sleeping under an ITN
increased from <2% in 2000 to an estimated 68% (95% CI: 6172%) in 2015. The estimated
proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN varies widely among countries, with
the median proportion being 74% among the ve countries with the highest estimates,
and 20% among the ve countries with the lowest estimates.
Indoor residual spraying. The proportion of the population at risk that is protected by
IRS has declined globally from a peak of 5.7% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2014, with decreases seen
in all regions except the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. Worldwide, 116 million
people were protected by IRS in 2014. Of the 53 countries that reported the type of
insecticide sprayed in 2014, 43 had used pyrethroids, with some countries using one or
two other insecticide classes also. Combining data on the proportion of the population
with access to an ITN in a household and the proportion of people protected by IRS,
the estimated proportion of the population for whom vector control had been made
available in sub-Saharan Africa increased from 2% in 2000 to 59% in 2014. This still falls
short of the universal (i.e. 100%) access target contained in the 2011 update to the Global
Malaria Action Plan (GMAP).
Chemoprevention in pregnant women. The proportion of pregnant women receiving at
least three doses of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) has increased
since WHO revised its recommendation in 2012. In 2014, an estimated 52% of eligible
pregnant women received at least one dose of IPTp, 40% received two or more doses,
and 17% received three or more doses. The difference between the proportion of
women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics and the proportion receiving the rst and
subsequent doses of IPTp suggests that opportunities to deliver IPTp at these clinics were
missed. In sub-Saharan Africa, the proportion of women receiving IPTp varied across
the continent, with 10 countries reporting more than 60% of pregnant women receiving
xi
one or more doses, and another nine countries reporting more than 80% receiving one
or more doses.
Chemoprevention in children. Adoption and implementation of chemoprevention in
children has been limited. As of 2014, six of the 15 countries for which WHO recommends
seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) Chad, the Gambia, Guinea, Mali, the Niger
and Senegal had adopted the policy. Additionally, two countries outside the Sahel
subregion Congo and Togo reported that the policy had been adopted. Only one
country, Chad, reported adoption of an intermittent preventive treatment for infants
(IPTi) policy in 2014. The malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, received a positive scientific
opinion from the European Medicines Agency under Article 58. Pilot implementation
of the first malaria vaccine was recommended by WHOs Strategic Advisory Group of
Experts on Immunization (SAGE) and the Malaria Policy Advisory Committee (MPAC).
Diagnostic testing. The proportion of suspected malaria cases presenting for care in the
public sector that receives a malaria diagnostic test has increased since 2005, from 74%
in 2005 to 78% in 2014. The global trend is dominated by countries in South-East Asia,
particularly India, which undertakes a high number of diagnostic tests, with more than
100 million performed in 2014. The WHO African Region has had the largest increase in
levels of malaria diagnostic testing, from 36% of suspected malaria cases tested in 2005,
to 41% in 2010 and 65% in 2014. This increase is primarily due to an increase in the use
of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The level of malaria diagnostic testing is lower among
febrile children seeking care in the private sector than among those seeking care in the
public sector. Among 18 nationally representative surveys conducted in sub-Saharan
Africa from 2013 to 2015, the median proportion of febrile children who received a finger
or heel stick in public sector health facilities was 53% (interquartile range [IQR]: 3557%),
whereas it was 36% in the formal private sector (IQR: 2054%) and 6% in the informal
private sector (IQR: 39%).
Treatment. The proportion of children aged under 5 years with P. falciparum malaria
and who were treated with an ACT is estimated to have increased from less than 1% in
2005 to 16% in 2014 (range: 1222%). This proportion falls substantially short of the GMAP
target of universal access for malaria case management. A primary reason is that a high
proportion of children with fever are not taken for care or use the informal private sector,
where they are less likely to obtain ACTs for treatment. While the proportion of children
treated with an ACT has increased, the proportion treated with other antimalarial
medicines has decreased over time. Hence, an increasing proportion of children with
malaria who receive treatment are given an ACT (median 47% across 18 household
surveys, 20132015) The proportion of ACT antimalarial treatments was lowest when
care was sought from informal health-care providers, such as market stallholders or
itinerant vendors.
Ratio of treatments to tests. The total number of ACT treatments distributed in the public
sector is now fewer than the number of malaria diagnostic tests provided in sub-Saharan
Africa (ratio of treatments: tests = 0.88 in 2014). However, there is still scope for further
reductions, because the ratio of treatments to tests should approximate the test positivity
rate, which is less than 44% across all countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
Costs of malaria control and cost savings

Financing of malaria control programmes. Global financing for malaria control increased
from an estimated US$ 960 million in 2005 to US$ 2.5 billion in 2014. International funding
for malaria control, which accounted for 78% of malaria programme funding in 2014,
decreased from US$ 2.1 billion in 2013 to US$ 1.9 billion in 2014 (i.e. by 8%), primarily due
to changes in the funding arrangements of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria. Most (82%) international funding was directed to the WHO African Region.
Domestic funding for national malaria control programmes (NMCPs) was estimated to
have increased by 1% between 2013 and 2014, from US$ 544 million to US$ 550 million.
Reported NMCP expenditures underestimate total domestic contributions to malaria
control, because the estimates are generally restricted to direct expenditures on malaria
xii
Key points
control activities by NMCPs, and they exclude health system costs associated with
treating patients.
Spending on malaria control commodities. Spending on malaria control commodities
(ACTs, ITNs, insecticides and spraying equipment for IRS, and RDTs) is estimated to have
increased 40-fold over the past 11 years, from US$ 40 million in 2004 to US$ 1.6 billion
in 2014, and accounted for 82% of international malaria spending in 2014. In that year,
ITNs were responsible for 63% of total commodity spending, followed by ACT (25%), RDTs
(9%) and IRS (3%).
Health system cost savings due to malaria control. Of the cases averted since 2000, it is
estimated that 263 million cases would have sought care in the public sector, translating
into US$ 900 million saved on malaria case management costs in sub-Saharan Africa
between 2001 and 2014. Of the US$ 900 million saved, ITNs/LLINs contributed the
largest savings of US$ 610 million (68%), followed by ACTs (US$ 156 million, 17%) and
IRS (US$ 134 million, 15%). These estimates consider only savings to health services and
exclude savings to households.
Remaining and emerging challenges

Slower declines in malaria in high-burden countries. In 2015, it is estimated that
15 countries accounted for 80% of cases, and 15 countries accounted for 78% of deaths.
The global burden of mortality is dominated by countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with
the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria together accounting for more than
35% of the global total of estimated malaria deaths. Decreases in case incidence and
mortality rates were slowest in countries that had the largest numbers of malaria cases
and deaths in 2000. Reductions in incidence need to be greatly accelerated in these
countries if global progress is to improve.
Gaps in intervention coverage. Millions of people still do not receive the services they
need. In sub-Saharan Africa in 2014, an estimated 269 million of the 834 million people
at risk of malaria lived in households without any ITNs or IRS; 15 million of the 28 million
pregnant women at risk did not receive a dose of IPTp; and between 68 and 80 million
of the 92 million children with malaria did not receive ACT.
Weaknesses in health systems in countries with the greatest malaria burden. The ability
to fill gaps in intervention coverage is constrained by weaknesses in health systems in
countries with the greatest malaria burden. The proportion of malaria patients seeking
care at public sector health facilities is lower in countries with a high estimated number of
malaria cases than in countries with fewer cases. In contrast, the proportion of patients
with suspected malaria who seek care in the private sector increases with the estimated
number of cases in a country. The ability of malaria endemic countries to strengthen
health systems is constrained, because countries with high numbers of malaria cases
have lower gross national incomes and lower total domestic government spending per
capita than do countries with fewer cases. International spending on malaria control
is more evenly distributed in relation to malaria burden, but a large proportion of this
funding is spent on commodities and does not address fundamental weaknesses in health
systems. Thus, innovative ways of providing services may be required to rapidly expand
access to malaria interventions; such means include community-based approaches and
engagement with private sector providers.
Economic burden of malaria on health systems. Since 2000, malaria in sub-Saharan
Africa is estimated to have cost, on average each year, nearly US$ 300 million for case
management alone. Given that malaria is concentrated in countries with comparatively
low national incomes, the cost of malaria treatment is disproportionately borne by the
most resource-constrained countries.
P. vivax malaria. P. vivax malaria is a significant public health issue in many parts
of the world. This form of malaria caused an estimated 13.8 million cases globally in
2015, and accounted for about half of all malaria cases outside Africa. Most cases of
xiii
P. vivax malaria occurred in the WHO South-East Asia Region (74%), followed by the
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (11%) and the WHO African Region (10%). More
than 80% of P. vivax malaria cases are estimated to occur in three countries (Ethiopia,
India and Pakistan). P. vivax predominates in countries that are prime candidates for
malaria elimination, and accounts for more than 70% of cases in countries with fewer
than 5000 reported cases each year.
Severe cases and deaths due to P. vivax malaria have been reported from all endemic
regions. Globally, in 2015 the total number of malaria deaths due to P. vivax was
estimated to be between 1400 and 14 900, and between 1400 and 12 900 outside
sub-Saharan Africa (i.e. 3.516% of all malaria deaths occurred outside sub-Saharan
Africa). However, information on the population-attributable risks of severe disease and
death from P. vivax malaria is sparse, and further research is required to rene mortality
estimates.
Insecticide resistance. The effectiveness of insecticide-based vector control is threatened
by malaria mosquitoes developing resistance to the insecticides used in ITNs and IRS.
Since 2010, of 78 countries reporting monitoring data, 60 reported resistance to at least
one insecticide in one vector population, and 49 reported resistance to insecticides from
two or more insecticide classes. Pyrethroid resistance was detected in all major malaria
vectors, with three quarters of countries that monitored this insecticide class in 2014
reporting resistance. However, long-lasting insecticidal nets remain effective despite
resistance.
Antimalarial drug resistance. P. falciparum resistance to artemisinins has now been
detected in ve countries in the Greater Mekong subregion: Cambodia, Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam. Despite the observed changes
in parasite sensitivity, which manifest in the form of delayed parasite clearance, patients
continue to respond to combination treatment, provided the partner drug remains
effective. The efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in Africa and South America
remains high, with treatment failure rates generally below 10%. Failure rates of less than
10% have also been reported for artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) in the 25 countries
in Africa in which ASAQ is the rst-line or second-line treatment. High treatment failure
rates with artesunate-SP (ASSP) have been reported in north-east India (1925.9%),
Somalia (22%) and the Sudan (9.4%). In Somalia, treatment failures are related to
resistance to SP, in the absence of artemisinin resistance. For P. vivax malaria, at least
one true case of chloroquine resistance (with whole blood concentrations of chloroquine
plus desethylchloroquine >100 ng/mL on the day of failure) has been conrmed in
10 countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, the Solomon Islands and Thailand.
Moving forward
To address remaining and emerging challenges, WHO developed the Global technical
strategy for malaria 20162030, which was adopted by the World Health Assembly
in May 2015. The strategy sets the most ambitious targets for reductions in malaria
cases and deaths since the malaria eradication era began. It was developed in
close alignment with the RBM Partnerships Action and investment to defeat malaria
20162030 for a malaria-free world, to ensure shared goals and complementarity.
The strategy has three main building blocks. Pillar 1 is to ensure universal access to
malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Pillar 2 is to accelerate efforts towards
elimination of malaria and attainment of malaria-free status. Pillar 3 is to transform
malaria surveillance into a core intervention. It is estimated that annual investments in
malaria control and elimination will need to increase to US$ 6.4 billion per year by 2020
to meet the rst milestone of a 40% reduction in malaria incidence and mortality rates.
Annual investments should then further increase to US$ 7.7 billion by 2025 to meet the
second milestone of a 75% reduction. To achieve the 90% reduction goal, annual malaria
spending will need to reach an estimated US$ 8.7 billion by 2030.
xiv
Progress in malaria control and elimination

as tracked by MDG and GMAP indicators
MDG indicator
2000
2005
2010
2015
6.6. Incidence rate associated with malaria (per 1000 at risk) and
Death rate associated with malaria (per 100 000 at risk)
146
47
134
37
113
26
91
19
-37%
-60%
6.7. Proportion of children under 5 sleeping under

insecticide-treated mosquito netsa
2%
7%
35%
68%
>100%
<1%
3%
12%
13%
>100%
2000
2005
2010
2015
6.8. Proportion of children under 5 with fever who are treated with
appropriate antimalarial drugsa,b
GMAP indicator
Inpatient malaria deaths per 1000 persons per year
% change
% change
See MDG indicator 6.6
All-cause under-ve mortality rate (per 1000 live births)
76
63
52
43
% suspected malaria cases that receive a parasitological testc
ND
74%
71%
78%
% children aged under 5 years with fever in the last two weeks who
had a nger/heel stickd
ND
ND
ND
31%
% conrmed malaria cases that received rst-line antimalarial

treatment according to national policya,e
NA
1%
7%
16%
% receiving rst-line treatment among children aged under 5 years

with fever in the last 2 weeks who received any antimalarial drugsa,b
NA
0%
41%
45%
Conrmed malaria cases (micropscopy or RDT)

per 1000 persons per year
-43%
>100%
See MDG indicator 6.6
Parasite prevalence: proportion of children aged 659 months with

malaria infectiona
32%
29%
22%
16%
-50%
% population with access to an ITN within their householda
2%
7%
36%
67%
>100%
% population who slept under an ITN the previous night
2%
6%
29%
55%
>100%
% population protected by IRS within the last 12 months
c,f,g
2%
3%
6%
3%
50%
1%
4%
24%
46%
>100%
% women who received at least three or more doses of IPTp during

ANC visits during their last pregnancya,c
ND
ND
5%
17%
>100%
% districts reporting monthly numbers of suspected malaria

cases, number of cases receiving a diagnostic test and number of
conrmed malaria cases
ND
ND
ND
ND
16
% households with at least one ITN for every two people and/or
sprayed by IRS within the last 12 monthsa,g
Number of new countries in which malaria has been eliminatedh
ANC, antenatal care; GMAP, Global Malaria Action Plan; IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy; IRS, indoor residual
spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net; MDG, Millennium Development Goal; NA, not applicable; ND, no data; RDT, rapid
diagnostic test
a
Indicator calculated for sub-Saharan Africa only
b
Refers to artemisinin-based combination therapies
c
Estimate shown for 2015 is for 2014
d
Median estimate from most recent household surveys in sub-Saharan Africa for 20132015; interquartile range: 1940%
e
As data on the rst-line treatments adopted by countries are variable, the indicator shown considers P. falciparum cases treated
with artemisinin-based combination therapies
f
Estimate does not include countries in the WHO European Region
g
IRS coverage for 2015 was assumed to be the same as in 2014
h
Countries with zero indigenous cases for three consecutive years
xv
xvi
Avant-propos
Dr Margaret Chan
Directeur gnral
de lOrganisation mondiale de la Sant (OMS)
Le prsent Rapport sur le paludisme dans le monde parat une anne

charnire: elle marque la fois la n de lre des Objectifs du Millnaire pour
le Dveloppement et le dbut dun nouvel agenda mondial pour la sant
humaine et la prosprit, les Objectifs de dveloppement durable. Cette
anne est galement la date-butoir des objectifs spciques au paludisme
dnis par lAssemble mondiale de la Sant et dautres institutions
internationales.
Dans ce contexte, notre rapport dcrit une baisse considrable du poids
du paludisme ces 15 dernires annes au niveau mondial. La cible 6C des
Objectifs du Millnaire pour le Dveloppement appelait avoir matris, dici
2015, le paludisme et commenc inverser la tendance actuelle (de 2000).
Notre rapport dmontre que cette cible a, de toute vidence, t atteinte.
Conformment lobjectif dni par lAssemble mondiale de la Sant,
57 pays ont rduit de 75 % le nombre de cas paludisme au niveau national
lhorizon 2015.
Pour la premire fois depuis la publication par lOMS dun compte rendu
annuel sur cette maladie, la rgion Europe de lOMS rapporte zro cas de
paludisme indigne. Ce rsultat extraordinaire ne pourra nanmoins tre
prserv quau prix dun engagement politique sans faille et dune vigilance
constante. Les rgions Amriques et Pacique occidental ont, elles aussi,
ralis des avances substantielles et fait nettement baisser lincidence de
la maladie.
La rgion Afrique paie encore le plus lourd tribut au paludisme; elle aussi
affiche cependant des progrs impressionnants: depuis 2000, la mortalit
due au paludisme y a baiss de 66 % toutes tranches dge confondues et de
71 % chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans.
Ces progrs ont t possibles grce au dploiement massif doutils prventifs
et thrapeutiques efficaces. En Afrique subsaharienne, plus de 50 % de la
population dort dsormais sous moustiquaire imprgne dinsecticide, alors
que ce chiffre plafonnait 2 % en 2000. Lintensication rapide des tests de
diagnostic et une plus grande disponibilit des mdicaments antipaludiques
ont permis une population bien plus nombreuse daccder, sans attendre,
un traitement appropri.
Les efforts de prvention et de traitement du paludisme permettent
dconomiser des millions de dollars en cots de sant. Selon les estimations
prsentes dans ce rapport, la baisse de lincidence en Afrique subsaharienne
xvii
a permis dconomiser US$ 900 millions en cots de prise en charge des

cas au cours des 14 dernires annes. Les moustiquaires tiennent une
place essentielle dans les conomies ralises, suivies des combinaisons
thrapeutiques base dartmisinine et de la pulvrisation intradomiciliaire
dinsecticides effet rmanent.
Notre travail est toutefois loin dtre termin. Au niveau mondial, quelque
3,2 milliards dhabitants sont encore exposs au risque dinfection et, pour
la seule anne 2015, le nombre de cas de paludisme et de dcs associs
est respectivement estim 214 millions et 438000. Les populations ne
bnciant pas des services prventifs et thrapeutiques ncessaires se
comptent encore par millions.
Prs de 80 % des dcs dus au paludisme surviennent dans 15 pays seulement,
la plupart sur le continent africain. Pris isolment, ces pays enregistrent une
baisse de lincidence du paludisme et de la mortalit associe plus lente
que les autres pays endmiques. La faiblesse des systmes de sant de la
majorit de ces pays continue dentraver les progrs en matire de lutte
contre le paludisme.
Pour relever les ds daujourdhui et de demain, lOMS a labor une Stratgie
technique mondiale de lutte contre le paludisme 2016-2030. Elle dnit des
objectifs ambitieux et nanmoins ralisables pour 2030, notamment rduire
dau moins 90 % lincidence du paludisme et la mortalit associe au niveau
mondial par rapport 2015. Pour ce faire, deux lments apparaissent
ncessaires: un leadership national plus fort et des investissements en faveur
de la lutte contre le paludisme au niveau international multiplis par trois
dici 2030.
Nous sommes aujourdhui un tournant. Au cours des 15 dernires annes,
les progrs accomplis au niveau mondial en matire de contrle du
paludisme sont tout simplement exceptionnels. Ne laissons pas cet lan
retomber. Ensemble, nous pouvons transformer la sant, le bien-tre et la
vie de millions de personnes dans le monde.
xviii
Points essentiels
Le Rapport 2015 sur le paludisme dans le monde value les tendances au niveau
mondial relatives la maladie, ainsi que lvolution de la couverture et du nancement
des programmes de lutte contre le paludisme entre 2000 et 2015. Il rsume aussi les
progrs accomplis sur la voie des objectifs internationaux, et inclut des prols par rgion
et par pays qui dcrivent les changements observs la fois dans chacune des rgions
de lOMS et dans chaque pays touch par le paludisme.
Ce rapport est rdig en collaboration avec les bureaux nationaux et rgionaux de lOMS,
les ministres de la Sant des pays endmiques et un grand nombre de partenaires.
Les informations qui y sont prsentes proviennent des 95 pays et territoires o la
transmission du paludisme est active et des six autres pays ayant rcemment limin
le paludisme. La plupart de ces donnes ont t rapportes pour 2014 et 2015, avec
parfois des projections pour 2015 et ce, an dvaluer les progrs raliss par rapport
aux objectifs dnis pour cette date-butoir.
Tendances relatives la prvalence de linfection, lincidence

et la mortalit lies au paludisme
Cas de paludisme. Au niveau mondial, la baisse du nombre de cas de paludisme est
estime 18 %, de 262 millions en 2000 (plage comprise entre 205 et 316 millions)
214 millions en 2015 (plage comprise entre 149 et 303 millions). En 2015, la plupart des cas
ont t enregistrs dans la rgion Afrique (88 %), loin devant la rgion Asie du Sud-Est
(10 %) et la rgion Mditerrane orientale (2 %) de lOMS. Au niveau mondial, lincidence
du paludisme, qui tient compte de la croissance dmographique, aurait diminu de 37 %
entre 2000 et 2015. Au total, 57 des 106 pays o la transmission tait active en 2000 ont
rduit lincidence de la maladie de plus de 75 %. Daprs les estimations, 18 autres pays ont
galement fait baisser lincidence du paludisme de 50 % 75 %. Par consquent, la cible
de lObjectif du Millnaire pour le Dveloppement 6 (OMD 6C) visant avoir matris le
paludisme dici 2015 et commenc inverser la tendance actuelle a t atteinte.
Dcs dus au paludisme toutes tranches dge confondues. Au niveau mondial, la
baisse du nombre de dcs dus au paludisme est estime 48 %, de 839 000 dcs en
2000 (plage comprise entre 653 000 et 1,1 million) 438 000 en 2015 (plage comprise
entre 236 000 et 635 000). En 2015, la plupart de ces dcs sont survenus dans la rgion
Afrique (90 %), loin devant la rgion Asie du Sud-Est (7 %) et la rgion Mditerrane
orientale (2 %) de lOMS. Au niveau mondial, la mortalit lie au paludisme, qui tient
compte de la croissance dmographique, aurait diminu de 60 % entre 2000 et 2015. Des
progrs considrables ont donc t accomplis sur la voie des objectifs respectivement
dnis par lAssemble mondiale de la Sant (rduire de 75 % la charge du paludisme
lhorizon 2015) et par le Partenariat Roll Back Malaria (rduire pratiquement zro le
nombre de dcs dus au paludisme).
Dcs dus au paludisme chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans. Au niveau mondial, le
nombre de dcs dus au paludisme chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans a diminu de
723 000 en 2000 (plage comprise entre 563 000 et 948 000) 306 000 en 2015 (plage
comprise entre 219 000 et 421 000). Cest dans la rgion Afrique de lOMS que cette baisse
est la plus prononce avec 694 000 dcs en 2000 (plage comprise entre 569 000 et
901 000) contre 292 000 en 2015 (plage comprise entre 212 000 et 384 000). Alors que
le paludisme tait la premire cause de mortalit infantile en Afrique subsaharienne,
il apparat au quatrime rang en 2015 avec 10 % des dcs lchelle du continent. La
baisse de la mortalit due au paludisme a largement contribu aux progrs par rapport
lOMD 4, savoir rduire la mortalit chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans de deux
xix
tiers entre 1990 et 2015. Le paludisme reste nanmoins lune des principales causes de
mortalit infantile, surtout en Afrique subsaharienne, tuant un enfant toutes les deux
minutes.
Infections palustres chez les enfants gs de 2 10 ans. Depuis 2000, le pourcentage
dinfections palustres a diminu de moiti chez les enfants issus des rgions endmiques
dAfrique. La prvalence parasitaire dans cette tranche dge est passe de 33 % en
2000 (incertitude comprise entre 31 % et 35 %) 16 % en 2015 (incertitude: 14 %-19 %),
avec les trois-quarts de cette baisse observe aprs 2005.
Cas de paludisme et dcs vits. Au total, 1,2 milliard de cas de paludisme et 6,2 millions
de dcs associs ont t vits au niveau mondial entre 2001 et 2015, par rapport aux
chiffres que nous aurions enregistrs si les taux dincidence et de mortalit taient rests
inchangs depuis 2000. En Afrique subsaharienne, les interventions antipaludiques
expliquent 70 % des 943 millions de cas de paludisme en moins entre 2001 et 2015, soit
un total de 663 millions de cas vits (plage comprise entre 542 et 753 millions). Sur
ces 663 millions de cas vits par le biais des interventions antipaludiques, 69 % lont
t grce lutilisation de moustiquaires imprgnes dinsecticide (MII) (incertitude:
63 %-73 %), 21 % grce aux combinaisons thrapeutiques base dartmisinine (ACT)
(incertitude: 17 %-29 %) et 10 % grce aux pulvrisations intradomiciliaires dinsecticides
effet rmanent (PID) (incertitude: 6 %-14 %).
Progrs vers llimination. De plus en plus de pays progressent vers llimination du
paludisme. Alors que seuls 13 pays rapportaient moins de 1 000 cas de paludisme en
2000, ils sont 33 en 2015. Par ailleurs, en 2014, 16 pays ont rcens zro cas de paludisme
indigne (Argentine, Armnie, Azerbadjan, Costa Rica, mirats arabes unis, Gorgie,
Iraq, Kirghizistan, Maroc, Oman, Ouzbkistan, Paraguay, Sri Lanka, Tadjikistan, Turquie
et Turkmnistan). Trois autres pays et territoires ont rapport moins de dix cas de
paludisme indigne (Algrie, El Salvador et Mayotte [France]). La rgion Europe de
lOMS na signal aucun cas de paludisme indigne pour la premire fois en 2015,
conformment lobjectif de la Dclaration de Tachkent visant liminer le paludisme
dans toute la rgion dici 2015.
Couverture des interventions essentielles

Population ayant accs une MII. Dans les pays dAfrique subsaharienne, le pourcentage
de la population ayant accs une MII au sein du foyer a augment de 56 % en 2014
(intervalle de conance [IC] de 95 % : 51 %-61 %) 67 % en 2015 (IC de 95 % : 61 %-71 %).
Une grande majorit (82 %) de ceux qui ont accs une moustiquaire lutilisent ; il est
donc essentiel daugmenter laccs aux MII pour obtenir des taux dutilisation levs.
Population dormant sous MII. Dans les pays dAfrique subsaharienne, le pourcentage
de la population dormant sous MII tait estim 46 % en 2014 (IC de 95 % : 42 %-50 %)
et 55 % en 2015 (IC de 95 % : 50 %-58 %). Chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans, le taux
dutilisation est pass de moins de 2 % en 2000 68 % (IC de 95 % : 61 %-72 %) en 2015.
Le pourcentage de la population dormant sous MII varie fortement dun pays lautre,
le pourcentage mdian slevant 74 % dans les cinq pays aux estimations les plus
leves, et 20 % dans les cinq pays aux estimations les plus basses.
Pulvrisation intradomiciliaire dinsecticides effet rmanent. Le pourcentage de la
population risque protge par PID a globalement diminu, passant dun pic de 5,7 %
en 2010 3,4 % en 2014, avec un recul observ dans toutes les rgions, hormis la rgion
Mditerrane orientale de lOMS. Au niveau mondial, la population protge par PID a
t estime 116 millions en 2014. Sur les 53 pays ayant indiqu le type dinsecticide(s)
utilis(s) pour la PID en 2014, 43 ont eu recours aux pyrthodes, en complment
dune ou deux autres classes dinsecticides pour certains de ces pays. Compte tenu du
pourcentage de la population ayant accs une MII au sein du foyer et du pourcentage
de la population protge par PID, le pourcentage de la population bnciant dune
intervention de lutte antivectorielle en Afrique subsaharienne a augment de 2 % en
2000 59 % en 2014. Ce taux reste cependant en de de lobjectif daccs universel
xx
Points essentiels
(100 %) dni dans les cibles actualises du Plan daction mondial contre le paludisme
(GMAP) en 2011.
Chimioprvention chez les femmes enceintes. Le pourcentage de femmes enceintes
ayant reu au moins trois doses de traitement prventif intermittent pendant la grossesse
(TPIp) a augment depuis que lOMS a mis jour ses recommandations en 2012. En 2014,
52 % des femmes enceintes pouvant bncier du TPIp ont reu au moins une dose,
40 % en ont reu deux ou plus, et 17 % au moins trois. La diffrence entre le pourcentage
de femmes se prsentant pour une consultation prnatale (CPN) dans un tablissement
de sant et le pourcentage recevant une ou plusieurs doses de TPIp laisse penser que
les possibilits dadministration du TPIp ne sont pas toutes exploites. Le pourcentage
de femmes enceintes bnciant du TPIp varie sur le continent africain : dans 10 pays,
plus de 60 % des femmes enceintes ont reu au moins une dose, alors que dans 9 autres
pays, elles sont plus de 80 %.
Chimioprvention chez les enfants. Ladoption et la mise en uvre de la chimioprvention
du paludisme saisonnier (CPS) chez les enfants sont limites. En 2014, sur les 15 pays
auxquels lOMS recommandait dadopter la CPS, six seulement lont fait: la Gambie,
la Guine, le Mali, le Niger, le Sngal et le Tchad. Deux autres pays en dehors de la
sous-rgion du Sahel, le Congo et le Togo, ont indiqu avoir galement dict cette
politique. Un seul pays, le Tchad, a indiqu avoir adopt une politique de traitement
prventif intermittent chez le nourrisson (TPIi) en 2014. Le vaccin contre le paludisme,
RTS,S/AS01, a reu un avis scientique positif de la part de lAgence europenne des
mdicaments au titre de larticle 58. Le Groupe stratgique consultatif dexperts (SAGE)
sur la vaccination et le Comit de pilotage de la politique de lutte antipaludique (MPAC)
de lOMS ont donc recommand la mise en uvre de projets pilotes autour de ce
premier vaccin antipaludique.
Tests de diagnostic. Le pourcentage de cas suspects de paludisme sollicitant un
traitement dans le secteur public et soumis un test de diagnostic du paludisme a
augment de faon constante, passant de 74 % en 2005 78 % en 2014. Cette tendance
mondiale est plus prononce dans les pays dAsie du Sud-Est, notamment lInde, o
un nombre trs important de tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) sont utiliss (plus de
100 millions en 2014). La rgion Afrique de lOMS a connu la hausse la plus forte, avec
36 % de cas suspects ayant t soumis un test en 2005, 41 % en 2010, puis 65 % en
2014. Cette progression est principalement due une plus grande utilisation des TDR.
Lutilisation des TDR est plus faible chez les enfants vreux sollicitant des soins dans le
secteur priv que chez ceux visitant le secteur public. Sur 18 enqutes menes en Afrique
subsaharienne entre 2013 et 2015 et reprsentatives au niveau national, le pourcentage
mdian denfants vreux ayant subi un prlvement sanguin au doigt/talon des ns
de dpistage du paludisme dans le secteur public tait de 53 % (cart interquartile :
35 %-57 %), alors quil slevait 36 % dans le secteur priv formel (cart interquartile :
20 %-54 %) et 6 % dans le secteur priv informel (cart interquartile : 3 %-9 %).
Traitement. Le pourcentage denfants de moins de 5 ans atteints de paludisme
P. falciparum et traits par ACT a augment, passant de moins de 1 % en 2005
16 % en 2014 (plage comprise entre 12 % et 22 %), loin de lobjectif daccs universel
au traitement dni par le GMAP. Ceci sexplique notamment par le pourcentage
important denfants vreux qui ne sollicitent pas de soins ou qui font appel au service
priv informel, l ils sont moins susceptibles dobtenir un traitement par ACT. Alors que le
pourcentage denfants traits par ACT a augment, celui des enfants traits par dautres
mdicaments antipaludiques a diminu. Tout naturellement, le taux dutilisation des ACT
augmente parmi les enfants recevant un traitement antipaludique (valeur mdiane de
47 % sur la base de 18 enqutes ralises auprs des mnages entre 2013 et 2015). La
part des traitements par ACT est plus faible lorsque les soins ont t sollicits auprs des
prestataires de sant du secteur informel, tels que sur les tals de march ou auprs des
vendeurs itinrants.
Ratio entre traitements et tests. Le nombre total de traitements par ACT distribus
dans le secteur public est dsormais infrieur au nombre de tests de diagnostic fournis
en Afrique subsaharienne (le ratio entre traitements et tests slve 0,88 en 2014).
xxi
Nanmoins, ce ratio peut encore tre abaiss au niveau du taux de positivit des tests,
qui est infrieur 44 % en Afrique subsaharienne.
Cots de la lutte contre le paludisme et conomies

Financement des programmes de lutte contre le paludisme. Selon les estimations, le
nancement mondial de la lutte contre le paludisme a augment de US$ 960 millions
en 2005 US$ 2,5 milliards en 2014. Les investissements internationaux, qui ont
reprsent 78 % du nancement des programmes antipaludiques en 2014, ont baiss de
US$ 2,1 milliards en 2013 US$ 1,9 milliard en 2014 (-8 %), principalement en raison des
changements des procdures de nancement du Fonds mondial de lutte contre le sida,
la tuberculose et le paludisme (Fonds mondial). La plupart des fonds internationaux
(82 %) ont t dirigs vers la rgion Afrique de lOMS. Le nancement des programmes
nationaux de lutte contre le paludisme (PNLP) par les diffrents gouvernements
est estim en hausse de 1 % entre 2013 et 2014 (respectivement US$ 544 millions et
US$ 550 millions). Les dpenses rapportes par les PNLP sous-estiment le niveau des
nancements nationaux en faveur du contrle du paludisme, car les estimations se
limitent gnralement aux dpenses directes lies aux activits antipaludiques menes
par les PNLP, sans tenir compte des cots de traitement des patients supports par les
systmes de sant.
Dpenses lies aux produits antipaludiques. Les dpenses en produits antipaludiques
(ACT, MII, insecticides et quipement de pulvrisation, et TDR) ont t multiplies
par 40 au cours de ces 11 dernires annes, passant de US$ 40 millions en 2004
US$ 1,6 milliard en 2014 pour atteindre 82 % des dpenses mondiales consacres la
lutte contre le paludisme. En 2014, les MII ont reprsent 63 % du total des dpenses en
produits antipaludiques, suivies des ACT (25 %), des TDR (9 %) et de la PID (3 %).
conomies sur le systme de sant ralises grce la lutte contre le paludisme. Sur
le nombre de cas vits depuis 2000, il est estim que 263 millions auraient sollicit des
soins dans le secteur public. Les conomies en termes de prise en charge thrapeutique
en Afrique subsaharienne slveraient US$ 900 millions entre 2001 et 2014, la plupart
ralises grce lutilisation des MII/MILD (68 %, soit US$ 610 millions), puis des ACT
(17 %, soit US$ 156 millions) puis de la PID (15 %, soit US$ 134 millions). Ces estimations
ne tiennent compte que des cots qui auraient t imputs aux services de sant ; elles
excluent les conomies ralises par les mnages.
Dfis daujourdhui et de demain

Les progrs en matire de lutte contre le paludisme sont plus limits dans les pays les
plus durement touchs. En 2015, 80 % des cas de paludisme taient concentrs dans
15 pays et 78 % des dcs taient enregistrs parmi une liste de pays tout aussi restreinte.
Les pays dAfrique subsaharienne paient le plus lourd tribut la maladie, notamment la
Rpublique dmocratique du Congo et le Nigria, qui reprsentent eux seuls plus de
35 % des dcs dus au paludisme dans le monde. La baisse de lincidence du paludisme
et de la mortalit associe a t plus lente dans les pays o les cas et les dcs taient
les plus nombreux en 2000. Pour raliser de nouvelles avances en matire de contrle
et dlimination au niveau mondial, lincidence du paludisme devra baisser de faon
substantielle dans ces pays.
Disparits en matire de couverture des interventions. Les populations qui ne bncient
pas des services ncessaires se comptent encore par millions. Il a t estim quen 2014,
sur une population totale risque de 834 millions en Afrique subsaharienne, 269 millions
de personnes vivaient dans une habitation sans moustiquaire ou non protge par PID ;
15 des 28 millions de femmes enceintes exposes au risque de paludisme nont reu
aucune dose de TPIp ; et, sur les 92 millions denfants atteints de paludisme, entre 68 et
80 millions nont pas t traits par ACT.
xxii
Points essentiels
Faiblesse des systmes de sant dans les pays o le paludisme svit le plus. La
capacit rpondre aux besoins de couverture des interventions est limite par
la faiblesse des systmes de sant dans les pays les plus durement touchs par le
paludisme. Le pourcentage de patients atteints de paludisme se prsentant dans des
tablissements de soins publics est plus faible dans les pays o les cas sont les plus
nombreux. En revanche, plus lincidence du paludisme est forte, plus le pourcentage de
patients suspects de paludisme et sollicitant des soins dans le secteur priv augmente.
La capacit des pays endmiques renforcer leurs systmes de sant est mise mal,
car les pays recensant le plus de cas de paludisme ont en effet un revenu national brut
et un niveau de dpenses publiques par habitant infrieurs aux autres. Les dpenses
internationales pour lutter contre le paludisme sont rparties de faon plus quitable
par rapport au poids du paludisme, mais une large part des nancements est consacre
aux produits antipaludiques et ne compense donc pas la faiblesse fondamentale des
systmes de sant. Par consquent, la prestation de services devra aussi se faire par des
mthodes novatrices, notamment via des approches communautaires ou lengagement
des prestataires privs, si lon veut rapidement tendre laccs aux interventions
antipaludiques.
Poids conomique du paludisme sur les systmes de sant. Depuis 2000, le seul cot
de la prise en charge des cas de paludisme en Afrique subsaharienne est estim
environ US$ 300 millions. Comme le paludisme se concentre dans des pays o le revenu
national est relativement faible, le cot des traitements antipaludiques apparat encore
plus difficile absorber dans les pays les plus pauvres.
Paludisme P. vivax. Le paludisme P. vivax est un problme de sant publique
important dans de nombreuses rgions du monde. En 2015, cette forme de paludisme est
responsable de 13,8 millions de cas dans le monde et de la moiti des cas de paludisme
hors Afrique. La plupart des cas de paludisme P. vivax ont t recenss dans la rgion
Asie du Sud-Est (74 %), loin devant la rgion Mditerrane orientale (11 %) et la rgion
Afrique (10 %) de lOMS. Plus de 80 % des cas de paludisme P. vivax sont enregistrs
dans trois pays (thiopie, Inde et Pakistan). P. vivax prdomine dans les pays engags
sur la voie de llimination du paludisme, et ce parasite est lorigine de plus de 70 % des
infections palustres dans les pays rapportant moins de 5 000 cas par an.
Des cas graves et des dcs dus au paludisme P. vivax ont t rapports dans toutes
les rgions endmiques. En 2015, le nombre de dcs dus au paludisme P. vivax est
estim entre 1 400 et 14 900 au niveau mondial, dont 1 400 12 900 en dehors de
lAfrique subsaharienne (i. e. entre 3,5 % et 16 % des dcs dus au paludisme ont t
enregistrs hors Afrique subsaharienne). Il existe nanmoins peu dinformations sur le
risque attribuable de paludisme P. vivax grave et de dcs associ pour une population
donne. Des travaux de recherche sont donc ncessaires pour affiner les estimations de
mortalit.
Rsistance aux insecticides. Lefficacit de la lutte antivectorielle base sur les
insecticides est menace par les moustiques porteurs du paludisme, qui dveloppent
une rsistance aux insecticides utiliss pour les MII et la PID. Depuis 2010, sur les
78 pays fournissant des donnes de suivi, 60 ont signal la rsistance dune population
de vecteurs au moins un insecticide, et 49 ont rapport une rsistance au moins
deux classes dinsecticides. La rsistance aux pyrthodes a t dtecte chez tous les
principaux vecteurs du paludisme, et les trois quarts des pays ayant effectu un suivi de
cette classe dinsecticides en 2014 ont fait tat dune rsistance. Nanmoins, et malgr
cette rsistance, les moustiquaires imprgnes dinsecticide longue dure (MILD)
restent efficaces.
Rsistance aux mdicaments antipaludiques. La rsistance du parasite P. falciparum
lartmisinine a t dtecte dans cinq pays de la sous-rgion du Grand Mkong : le
Cambodge, le Myanmar, la Rpublique dmocratique populaire lao, la Thalande et le
Viet Nam. Malgr les changements observs en termes de sensibilit des parasites, leur
processus dlimination est en effet plus long, les patients continuent de rpondre aux
combinaisons thrapeutiques, dans la mesure o le mdicament associ conserve son
efficacit. Lartmther-lumfantrine (AL) reste trs efficace en Afrique et en Amrique
xxiii
du Sud, avec un taux dchec du traitement gnralement infrieur

10 %. Des taux dchec infrieurs 10 % ont galement t rapports pour
lartsunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) dans les 25 pays dAfrique o lASAQ est
utilis comme traitement de premire ou seconde intention. La combinaison
artsunate-SP (ASSP) a connu un fort taux dchec du traitement au nord-est
de lInde (entre 19 % et 25,9 %), en Somalie (22 %) et au Soudan (9,4 %). En
Somalie, lchec du traitement est li la rsistance la SP, tant donn
labsence de rsistance lartmisinine. Pour le paludisme P. vivax, au
moins un cas avr de rsistance la chloroquine (avec des concentrations
sanguines de chloroquine plus dsthylchloroquine suprieures 100 ng/mL
le jour de lchec thrapeutique) a t conrm dans 10 pays: Bolivie, Brsil,
thiopie, les Salomon, Indonsie, Malaisie, Myanmar, Papouasie-NouvelleGuine, Prou et Thalande.
Prochaines tapes
Pour relever les ds daujourdhui et ceux venir, lOMS a dvelopp la
Stratgie technique mondiale de lutte contre le paludisme 2016-2030, qui
a t adopte par lAssemble mondiale de la Sant en mai 2015. Cette
stratgie dnit les objectifs les plus ambitieux depuis lre de lradication
du paludisme en termes de baisse du nombre de cas et de dcs associs.
Elle a t labore paralllement la rdaction par le Partenariat RBM du
plan Action et Investissement pour vaincre le paludisme 2016-2030 (AIM)
pour un monde sans paludisme et ce, an dassurer une complmentarit
des deux documents et de dnir des objectifs communs. Cette stratgie
sarticule autour de trois piliers : le pilier 1 vise garantir laccs universel
la prvention, au diagnostic et au traitement du paludisme ; le pilier 2 vise
acclrer les efforts vers llimination et vers lobtention du statut exempt
de paludisme ; et le pilier 3 consiste faire de la surveillance du paludisme
une intervention de base. Les investissements ncessaires pour le contrle et
llimination du paludisme sont estims US$ 6,4 milliards par an dici 2020
pour le premier objectif intermdiaire, savoir rduire de 40 % lincidence
du paludisme et la mortalit associe. Ces investissements devront ensuite
passer US$ 7,7 milliards par an dici 2025 pour atteindre le deuxime
objectif intermdiaire, savoir une baisse de 75 %. Enn, pour atteindre
lobjectif de diminution de 90 % de lincidence et du taux de mortalit
associe, les dpenses annuelles pour lutter contre le paludisme devront
atteindre US$ 8,7 milliards dici 2030.
xxiv
Progrs sur la voie du contrle et

de llimination du paludisme, selon
les indicateurs des OMD et du GMAP
Indicateurs des OMD
2000
2005
2010
2015
146
134
113
91
-37 %
47
37
26
19
-60 %
2%
7%
35 %
68 %
> 100 %
6.8. Proportion denfants de moins de 5 ans atteints de vre traits

avec des mdicaments antipaludiques approprisa,b
<1%
3%
12 %
13 %
> 100 %
Indicateurs du GMAP
2000
2005
2010
2015
6.6. Incidence du paludisme (pour 1 000 habitants risque) et

Taux de mortalit due cette maladie (pour 100 000 habitants
risque)
6.7. Proportion denfants de moins de 5 ans dormant sous des
moustiquaires imprgnes dinsecticidea
Dcs dus au paludisme parmi les malades hospitaliss,

pour 1 000 personnes/an
Variation (%)
Variation (%)
Cf. indicateur 6.6 des OMD
Taux de mortalit toutes causes confondues chez les enfants de moins

de 5 ans (pour 1 000 naissances vivantes)
76
63
52
43
% de cas suspects de paludisme ayant subi un test parasitologiquec
ND
74 %
71 %
78 %
% denfants de moins de 5 ans ayant eu de la vre dans les deux

semaines prcdant lenqute et ayant subi un prlvement sanguin
au doigt/talon pour le dpistage du paludismed
ND
ND
ND
31 %
% de cas de paludisme conrms ayant pris lantipaludique de

premire intention, conformment la politique nationalea,e
NA
1%
7%
16 %
% denfants de moins de 5 ans ayant eu de la vre dans les deux

semaines prcdant lenqute et ayant pris lantipaludique de premire
intentiona,b
NA
0%
41 %
45 %
Cas de paludisme conrms (par microscopie ou TDR)

pour 1 000 personnes/an
-43 %
> 100 %
Cf. indicateur 6.6 des OMD
Prvalence parasitaire : pourcentage denfants gs de 6 59 mois

souffrant dune infection palustrea
32 %
29 %
22 %
16 %
-50 %
2%
7%
36 %
67 %
> 100 %
% de la population ayant dormi sous MII la nuit prcdant lenqute
2%
6%
29 %
55 %
> 100 %
% de la population protge par PID au cours des 12 mois prcdant

lenqutec,f,g
2%
3%
6%
3%
50 %
% de mnages possdant au moins une MII pour deux membres du

foyer et/ou ayant bnci dune PID au cours des 12 mois prcdant
lenqutea,g
1%
4%
24 %
46 %
> 100 %
% de femmes ayant reu au moins trois doses de TPIp en consultations

prnatales au cours de leur dernire grossessea,c
ND
ND
5%
17 %
> 100 %
% de districts rapportant chaque mois le nombre de cas suspects de

paludisme, le nombre de patients soumis un test de diagnostic et le
nombre de cas conrms
ND
ND
ND
ND
16
% de la population ayant accs une MII au sein du foyera
Nombre de pays supplmentaires ayant limin le paludismeh
MII, moustiquaire imprgne dinsecticide; NA, non applicable; ND, donnes non disponibles; OMD, Objectifs du Millnaire pour le
Dveloppement; PID, pulvrisation intradomiciliaire dinsecticides effet rmanent; TDR, test de diagnostic rapide; TPIp, traitement
prventif intermittent pendant la grossesse.
a
Indicateur calcul pour lAfrique subsaharienne uniquement.
b
Combinaisons thrapeutiques base dartmisinine.
c
Estimation de 2014 utilise pour 2015.
d
Estimation mdiane des enqutes les plus rcentes ralises auprs des mnages entre 2013 et 2015 en Afrique subsaharienne,
cart interquartile de 19 % 40 %.
e
Comme les donnes relatives aux traitements de premire intention adopts par les pays sont variables, cet indicateur ne concerne
que les cas de paludisme P. falciparum traits par combinaisons thrapeutiques base dartmisinine.
f
Estimation ne tenant pas compte des pays de la rgion Europe de lOMS.
g
Couverture en PID de 2014 utilise pour 2015.
h
Pays recensant zro cas indigne trois annes conscutives.
xxv
xxvi
Prefacio
Dra. Margaret Chan
Directora General
Organizacin Mundial de la Salud
El Informe Mundial del Paludismo se lanza en un ao clave: el 2015 marca el fin de

la era de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y el inicio de una nueva agenda
global para la salud y la prosperidad humana con los Objetivos de Desarrollo
Sostenible. Tambin ao clave para los objetivos especficos para el paludismo
establecidos por la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud, y otras instituciones a nivel
mundial.
En este contexto, nuestro informe de seguimiento registra un descenso notable
en la carga mundial del paludismo en los ltimos 15 aos. La meta 6C de los
Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio haca un llamado a detener y comenzar
a reducir, para el ao 2015, la incidencia del paludismo. El informe muestra
indudablemente que este objetivo se ha alcanzado. Cincuenta y siete pases han
reducido su incidencia de casos en ms de un 75%, cumpliendo as con el objetivo
para el ao 2015 de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud.
Por primera vez, desde que la OMS estableciese un sistema de registro, no se
ha reportado ningn caso autctono de paludismo en la regin Europea. Esto es
un logro extraordinario, que slo puede mantenerse a travs de un compromiso
poltico firme y una vigilancia entomolgica constante. La regin de las Amricas
y la regin del Pacfico Occidental tambin han alcanzado reducciones
substanciales en los casos de paludismo.
La regin Africana contina padeciendo la carga de paludismo ms pesada. Sin
embargo, se han alcanzado logros importantes: desde el ao 2000, la tasa de
mortalidad por paludismo ha disminuido un 66% en todos los grupos de edad y
un 71% en los nios menores de 5 aos.
Este progreso ha sido posible gracias a la expansin masiva de herramientas
efectivas para la prevencin y el tratamiento del paludismo. En el frica
subsahariana, ms de la mitad de la poblacin duerme actualmente bajo
mosquiteros tratados con insecticidas, en comparacin al 2% que lo haca en el
ao 2000. La rpida expansin de las pruebas de diagnstico y en lo posible de
medicamentos antipaldicos, han permitido que muchas ms personas tengan
acceso a un tratamiento oportuno y adecuado.
Los esfuerzos en la prevencin y el tratamiento han ahorrado millones de dlares
en costos sanitarios. Las nuevas estimaciones en nuestro informe muestran que
debido a una reduccin en casos de paludismo en el frica subsahariana se
ha ahorrado un costo estimado de US$900 millones en los ltimos 14 aos. Los
mosquiteros tratados con insecticidas han sido las herramientas que han originado
los ahorros ms importantes, seguidos por los tratamientos combinados basados
en artemisininas y por los rociamientos intradomiciliarios.
xxvii
Sin embargo, nuestra labor no ha terminado. Alrededor de 3.2 millones de

personas estn en riesgo de contraer la enfermedad. Slo en el 2015, se estimaron
214 millones de casos nuevos y 438 000 muertes por paludismo. Millones de
personas todava no tienen acceso a los servicios necesarios para prevenir y
tratar el paludismo.
Aproximadamente, el 80% de las muertes por paludismo se concentran en slo
15 pases, principalmente de frica. En conjunto, estos pases con alto nivel de
transmisin de la enfermedad han alcanzado disminuciones ms lentas que el
promedio en cuanto a la incidencia y mortalidad. En la mayora de estos pases, la
debilitada infraestructura de los sistemas sanitarios sigue impidiendo el progreso
hacia el control del paludismo.
Para hacer frente a estos y otros desafos, la OMS ha desarrollado la Estrategia
Tcnica Mundial para la Malaria 2016-2030. Dicha estrategia determina unos
objetivos ambiciosos, pero alcanzables, para el ao 2030, donde incluye una
reduccin de al menos un 90% en la incidencia y la mortalidad por paludismo a
nivel mundial. El logro de estos objetivos requerir un fuerte compromiso poltico
y liderazgo por parte de los pases, as como una triplicacin en la inversin
mundial para el control del paludismo.
Hemos llegado a un momento crucial. El progreso mundial para el control del
paludismo en los ltimos 15 aos es ms que extraordinario. No perdamos el
impulso. Juntos, podemos transformar la salud, el bienestar y la vida de millones
de personas en todo el mundo.
xxviii
Puntos clave
El Informe Mundial sobre el Paludismo 2015 evala a nivel mundial las tendencias y los
cambios en la cobertura as como el financiamiento de los programas de control del
paludismo entre los aos 2000 y 2015. De esta manera, sintetiza los logros alcanzados
respecto a los objetivos internacionales, y proporciona los perfiles regionales y
nacionales que resumen las tendencias del paludismo en cada regin de la OMS y en
cada pas endmico.
El informe se ha elaborado con la ayuda de las oficinas regionales y nacionales de
la OMS, los ministerios de salud de los pases endmicos, y una amplia variedad de
colaboradores. Se presentan los datos recopilados de los 95 pases y territorios con
transmisin activa del paludismo, y de otros seis pases que han eliminado la enfermedad
recientemente. La mayora de los datos presentados son los datos reportados para el
ao 2014 y 2015, si bien en algunos casos se han realizado proyecciones para el 2015,
para poder evaluar el progreso hacia los objetivos del mismo ao.
Tendencias en la prevalencia de infeccin, incidencia de casos y

tasas de mortalidad
Casos de paludismo. El nmero estimado de casos de paludismo a nivel mundial
descendi de unos 262 millones en el ao 2000 (rango: 205-316 millones) a 214 millones
en el ao 2015 (rango: 149-303 millones). Se estima que la mayora de los casos en el
ao 2015 han ocurrido en la Regin de frica de la OMS (88%), seguida de la Regin de
Asia sudoriental (10%) y la Regin del Mediterrneo Oriental (2%). Teniendo en cuenta
el crecimiento demogrfico, se estima que la incidencia del paludismo ha disminuido
un 37% entre los aos 2000 y 2015. En total, 57 de los 106 pases que tenan transmisin
activa en el ao 2000 han reducido la incidencia del paludismo en ms del 75%. Otros
18 pases estiman haber reducido la incidencia entre el 50 y el 75%. En consecuencia,
la Meta 6C haber detenido y comenzado a reducir la incidencia de la malaria de los
Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio se ha alcanzado.
Muertes por paludismo en todas las edades. El nmero de muertes por paludismo a
nivel mundial disminuy de 839 000 muertes estimadas en el ao 2000 (rango: 653 000
a 1.1 millones), a 438 000 en el 2015 (rango: 236 000 a 635 000), figurando un descenso
del 48%. La mayora de las muertes en el ao 2015 ocurrieron en la Regin de frica
(90%), seguida de la Regin de Asia sudoriental (7%) y la Regin del Mediterrneo
Oriental (2%). Teniendo en cuenta el crecimiento demogrfico, se estima que la tasa de
mortalidad por paludismo ha disminuido en un 60% a nivel mundial entre el ao 2000
y 2015. Por lo tanto, se han logrado avances sustanciales hacia el objetivo principal
de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud en reducir la carga del paludismo a un 75% en el
ao 2015, y de la misma manera con el objetivo de la Alianza para Hacer Retroceder
la Malaria (RBM, por sus siglas en ingls Roll Back Malaria) de reducir las muertes por
paludismo cerca de cero.
Muertes por paludismo en nios menores de 5 aos. Se estima que el nmero de
muertes por paludismo en nios menores de 5 aos ha disminuido a nivel mundial
de 723 000 en el ao 2000 (rango: 563 000 a 948 000) a 306 000 en el 2015 (rango:
219 000 a 421 000). La mayor parte de esta disminucin se produjo en la Regin de
frica de la OMS, dnde el nmero estimado de vctimas disminuy de 694 000 en
el 2000 (rango: 569 000 a 901 000) a 292 000 en el 2015 (rango: 212 000 a 384 000).
Como consecuencia, el paludismo ya no es la principal causa de muerte en los nios
de frica subsahariana. En el ao 2015, el paludismo fue la cuarta causa principal de
muerte, responsable del 10% de las muertes infantiles en dicha regin. La reduccin en
xxix
la mortalidad por paludismo ha contribuido sustancialmente al progreso hacia el logro

de la Meta 4 de los ODM para reducir la tasa de mortalidad en menores de 5 aos
en dos tercios entre los aos 1990 y 2015. No obstante, el paludismo sigue siendo una
de las principales causas de mortalidad infantil, sobre todo en el frica subsahariana,
acabando con la vida de un nio cada 2 minutos.
Infecciones en nios de 2-10 aos. Desde el ao 2000, la proporcin de nios infectados
con parsitos del paludismo se ha visto reducido a la mitad en reas endmicas de
frica. Se estima que el riesgo de infeccin entre los nios de 2-10 aos ha disminuido
del 33% (intervalo de incertidumbre [II]: 31-35%) en el 2000 al 16% (II: 14-19%) en el 2015.
Tres cuartas partes de este cambio han ocurrido despus del ao 2005.
Casos y muertes evitadas. Se estima que un total acumulado de 1.2 mil millones de
casos de paludismo menos y 6.2 millones de muertes por paludismo menos ocurrieron
mundialmente entre los aos 2001 y 20015, si se hubiesen mantenido las tasas de
incidencia y mortalidad del ao 2000. Se estima que las intervenciones para el control
del paludismo en frica subsahariana previnieron 663 millones de casos (rango:
542-753 millones), un 70% de los 943 millones de casos evitados en esta regin entre los
aos 2001 y 2015. De estos 663 millones de casos evitados por las intervenciones para el
control del paludismo, se estima que el 69% (II: 63-73%) se evit por el uso de mosquiteros
tratados con insecticidas (MTI), el 21% (17-29%) por el uso de la terapia combinada con
artemisinina (TCA) y el 10% (14.6%) por el rociado residual intradomiciliario (RRI).
Progreso hacia la eliminacin. Cada vez son ms los pases que estn avanzando
hacia la eliminacin de la enfermedad. Mientras que en el ao 2000 se estim que
slo 13 pases tuvieron menos de 1000 casos de paludismo, en el ao 2015 se estima
que 33 pases han alcanzado esta meta. Conjuntamente, en el ao 2014, 16 pases
reportaron cero casos autctonos: Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaiyn, Costa Rica, Irak,
Georgia, Kirguistn, Marruecos, Omn, Paraguay, Sri Lanka, Tayikistn, Turkmenistn,
Turqua, Emiratos rabes Unidos y Uzbekistn. Otros tres pases y territorios reportaron
menos de 10 casos autctonos (Argelia, El Salvador y Mayotte [Francia]). Y en el ao
2015, por primera vez, la Regin Europea de la OMS report cero casos autctonos,
siguiendo la meta de la Declaracin de Tashkent de eliminar el paludismo de la regin
para el ao 2015.
Cobertura de las intervenciones clave

Poblacin con acceso a mosquiteros tratados con insecticidas (MTI). En los pases del
frica subsahariana, la proporcin estimada con acceso a un MTI en su vivienda fue del
56% (intervalo de confianza [IC] al 95%: 51-61%) en el 2014 y del 67% (IC al 95%: 61-71%)
en el 2015. Se trata de un aumento sustancial en relacin con el ao 2000 cuando el
acceso a un MTI era de menos del 2%. Una proporcin alta (alrededor del 82%) de
los que tienen acceso a un MTI duermen debajo de l. En consecuencia, garantizar el
acceso a un MTI es fundamental para el aumento de la proporcin de la poblacin que
duerme bajo un MTI.
Poblacin que duerme bajo un MTI. En los pases en frica subsahariana, la proporcin
estimada que duerme bajo un MTI fue del 46% (IC al 95%: 42-50%) en el ao 2014 y
55% (IC al 95%: 50-58%) en el 2015; la proporcin estimada de nios menores de 5 aos
que durmieron bajo un MTI en frica subsahariana aument de menos del 2% en el
ao 2000 al 68% (IC al 95%: 61-72%) en 2015. La proporcin estimada de la poblacin
durmiendo bajo un MTI vara ampliamente entre los pases, con una mediana del 74%
en los cinco pases con las estimaciones ms altas, y del 20% en los cinco pases con las
estimaciones ms bajas.
Rociado residual intradomiciliario. La proporcin de la poblacin en riesgo de
paludismo protegida por el RRI ha disminuido en todo el mundo de un mximo del
5.7% en el ao 2010 a un 3.4% en 2014, con disminuciones observadas en todas las
regiones excepto en la Regin del Mediterrneo Oriental. A nivel mundial, en el ao
2014, se protegieron 116 millones de personas mediante el RRI. De los 53 pases que
xxx
Puntos clave
reportaron los tipos de insecticidas utilizados para el rociado en el ao 2014, 43 han
usado piretroides, aunque algunos pases tambin utilizaron insecticidas de una o dos
clases ms. Combinando los datos sobre la proporcin de la poblacin con acceso a
un MTI en la vivienda y la proporcin de personas protegidas por el RRI, la proporcin
estimada de personas que tuvieron alguna forma de control vectorial disponible en
frica subsahariana ha aumentado del 2% en el ao 2000 al 59% en el 2014. Estas cifras
estn an lejos de la meta de acceso universal marcada por la actualizacin del Plan
de Accin Global de Malaria (GMAP por sus siglas en ingles Global Malaria Action Plan)
en el 2011.
La quimioprevencin en mujeres embarazadas. La proporcin de mujeres
embarazadas que recibieron al menos tres dosis de tratamiento preventivo intermitente
durante el embarazo (TPIe) ha aumentado desde que la OMS revisara su recomendacin
en el ao 2012. En el 2014, se estima que 52% de las mujeres embarazadas elegibles
recibieron al menos una dosis de TPIe, el 40% recibi dos o ms dosis y slo el 17% recibi
tres o ms dosis. La diferencia entre la proporcin de mujeres que acuden a la clnica
de atencin prenatal y la proporcin que recibe la primera y siguientes dosis de TPIe
indica que se han perdido oportunidades de ofrecer el TPIe a estas mujeres. En el frica
subsahariana, la proporcin de mujeres que reciben TPIe vara en todo el continente,
con 10 pases que reportaron que ms del 60% de las mujeres embarazadas recibieron
una o ms dosis, y otros nueve pases que reportaron que ms del 80% recibieron una
o ms dosis.
La quimioprevencin en nios. La adopcin e implementacin de la quimioprevencin
en nios ha sido limitada. A partir del 2014, seis de los 15 pases para los que la OMS
recomienda la quimioprevencin del paludismo estacional (SMC, por sus siglas en ingls
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention) Chad, Gambia, Guinea, Mal, Nger y Senegal
han adoptado la poltica. Al mismo tiempo, dos pases de fuera de la subregin del
Sahel Congo y Togo reportaron la adopcin de esta poltica. Slo un pas, Chad,
report la adopcin de la poltica de tratamiento preventivo intermitente (TPI) para
los lactantes en el ao 2014. La vacuna contra el paludismo, RTS,S/AS01, recibi un
dictamen cientfico positivo de la Agencia Europea de Medicamentos en virtud del
artculo 58. Una implementacin piloto de la primera vacuna contra el paludismo
fue recomendada por el Grupo de Expertos de la OMS en Asesoramiento Estratgico
(SAGE por sus siglas en ingls Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization) y el
Comit Asesor de Polticas de la Malaria (MPAC por sus siglas en ingls Malaria Policy
Advisory Committee).
Pruebas de diagnstico. La proporcin de casos sospechosos de paludismo que
requieren atencin sanitaria en el sector pblico, a los que se les realiza una prueba de
diagnstico, ha aumentado del 74% en 2005 al 78% en 2014. La tendencia global est
dominada por pases en el Asia sudoriental, en particular la India, que lleva a cabo un
gran nmero de pruebas diagnsticas, con ms de 100 millones de pruebas realizadas
en 2014. La Regin de frica de la OMS ha tenido el mayor incremento en los niveles de
pruebas de diagnstico; de un 36% de casos de paludismo sospechosos en el ao 2005,
al 41% en el 2010 y al 65% en el 2014. Este aumento se debe principalmente al aumento
en el uso de pruebas de diagnstico rpido (PDR). El nivel de pruebas de diagnstico
realizadas es menor entre los nios febriles que buscan atencin en el sector privado
que en el sector pblico. En 18 encuestas representativas a nivel nacional, realizadas en
frica subsahariana entre los aos 2013 y 2015, la mediana de la proporcin de nios
febriles a los que se les practic una puncin en el dedo o en el taln en los centros
sanitarios del sector pblico fue del 53% (rango intercuartil [RIC]: 35 a 57%), mientras
que en el sector privado formal fue de 36% (RIC: 20-54%) y de 6% (RIC: 3-9%).
Tratamiento. Se estima que la proporcin de nios menores de 5 aos con paludismo
por P. falciparum que fueron tratados con TCA ha aumentado en menos de 1% en el
ao 2005 al 16% en el 2014 (rango 12-22%). Esta proporcin se reduce sustancialmente
por debajo del objetivo del acceso universal para el manejo de casos de paludismo
del GMAP. Una de las razones principal es que una alta proporcin de nios con
fiebre no toman nada para el cuidado o recurren al sector privado informal, dnde
son menos propensos a obtener un tratamiento con TCA. Mientras que la proporcin
xxxi
de nios tratados con TCA es cada vez mayor, la proporcin de nios tratados con
otros medicamentos antipaldicos ha disminuido. Por lo tanto, existe una proporcin
creciente de nios con paludismo que recibieron el tratamiento con TCA (mediana de
47% entre 18 encuestas nacionales representativas realizadas en hogares, entre 2013
y 2015). La proporcin de tratamientos antipaldicos TCA fue ms baja cuando se
solicit la atencin en salud con proveedores informales, tales como puestos de venta o
vendedores ambulantes.
Relacin entre tratamientos y pruebas diagnsticas. El nmero total de tratamientos
con TCA distribuidos en el sector pblico es hoy por hoy menor que el nmero de pruebas
de diagnstico para el paludismo suministradas en frica subsahariana (relacin de
tratamientos: pruebas = 0.88 en el ao 2014). No obstante, todava hay margen para
nuevas reducciones, ya que la proporcin de tratamientos de pruebas diagnsticas
debe aproximarse a la tasa de positividad de la prueba, que es menos de 44% en todos
los pases del frica subsahariana.
Costos del control del paludismo y el ahorro de costes

Financiamiento de programas de control del paludismo. El financiamiento mundial
estimado para el control del paludismo aument de US$ 960 millones en 2002 a
US$ 2.5 mil millones en 2014. El financiamiento internacional represent el 78% del
financiamiento del programa del paludismo en el 2014, y se redujo de US$ 2110 millones
en el 2013 a US$ 1950 millones en el2014, es decir, un 8%, principalmente debido a los
cambios en los acuerdos de financiamiento del Fondo Mundial para la Lucha contra el
Sida, Tuberculosis y Paludismo. La mayor parte del financiamiento internacional (82%)
se dirigi a la Regin de frica de la OMS. Se estim que el financiamiento nacional
para los PNCMs ha disminuido en un 1% entre el 2013 y el 2014, pasando de US$ 544
a US$ 550 millones. El financiamiento nacional reportado subestima las contribuciones
nacionales totales para el control del paludismo, ya que generalmente los valores
estimados se restringen al gasto en actividades de control del paludismo por parte de
los PNCMs y excluyen los costos del sistema de salud asociados con el tratamiento de
los pacientes.
Gasto en productos para el control del paludismo. Se estima que el gasto en productos
para el control del paludismo (TCA, MTI, insecticidas y equipos de rociamiento para el
RRI, y las PDR) ha aumentado 40 veces en los ltimos 11 aos, pasando de US$ 40 millones
en 2004 a US$ 1600 millones en el 2014. Esto represent el 82% del gasto internacional
para el paludismo del ao 2014. Los MTI fueron responsables del 63% del gasto en
productos, seguido de las TCA (25%), las PDR (9%) y el RRI (3%).
Ahorro en costos originados por el control del paludismo. De los casos evitados desde
el ao 2000, se estima que 263 millones de casos hubiesen buscado atencin sanitaria
en el sector pblico, lo que significa un ahorro de US $900 millones por el manejo
de casos de paludismo en el frica subsahariana entre los aos 2001 y 2014. De los
US$ 900 millones ahorrados, la mayor proporcin, US$ 610 millones, se debe a los
MTI/ MILD (68%) seguido por los TCA (156 millones, 17%) y los RII (134 millones, 15%).
Estas estimaciones incluyen slo los ahorros a los servicios de salud y no incluye el
ahorro a las familias.
Desafos pendientes y futuros

Los descensos del paludismo son ms lentos en los pases con alta carga de la
enfermedad. Se estima que en el ao 2015, 15 pases aportaron el 80% de los casos
y 15 pases aportaron el 78% de la mortalidad. La carga mundial de mortalidad est
dominada por los pases del frica subsahariana, con la Repblica Democrtica del
Congo y Nigeria aportando juntos ms del 35% del estimado total de muertes por
paludismo a nivel mundial. Las disminuciones en las tasas de incidencia y mortalidad
por paludismo fueron ms lentas en los pases con mayor nmero de casos y muertes
xxxii
Puntos clave
por paludismo en el ao 2000. Si se quiere obtener un mayor progreso a nivel mundial,
es necesario acelerar en gran medida las reducciones en la incidencia de casos.
Brechas en la cobertura de las intervenciones. Millones de personas todava no reciben
los servicios que necesitan. En frica subsahariana, se estima que 269 millones de los
834 millones de personas en riesgo de padecer el paludismo en el ao 2014 vivan en
viviendas sin ningn MTI o RRI; 15 millones de los 28 millones de mujeres embarazadas
en riesgo de sufrir la enfermedad no recibieron ninguna dosis de TPIe; y entre 68 y
80 millones de los 92 millones de nios con paludismo no recibieron TCA.
Deficiencias en los sistemas de salud en los pases con la carga de paludismo ms
elevada. La capacidad de cubrir las brechas en la cobertura de las intervenciones
est limitada por las deficiencias en los sistemas de salud en los pases con mayor
riesgo de transmisin. La proporcin de pacientes afectados por el paludismo que
buscan atencin en los centros sanitarios del sector pblico es menor en los pases
con un alto nmero estimado de casos de paludismo que en pases con menos casos.
Por el contrario, la proporcin de pacientes con sospecha de paludismo que buscan
atencin el sector privado aumenta con el nmero estimado de casos en un pas. La
capacidad de fortalecer los sistemas de salud en los pases dnde el paludismo es
endmico es limitada, ya que los pases con un alto nmero de casos tienen menos
ingresos nacionales brutos y menor gasto nacional total per cpita en comparacin
con los pases con menos casos. El gasto internacional para el control del paludismo
se distribuye de manera equitativamente segn la carga de la enfermedad, sin
embargo, una gran parte de este financiamiento se gasta en productos y no atiende
las debilidades fundamentales de los sistemas de salud. De este modo, para ampliar
rpidamente el acceso a las intervenciones contra el paludismo, se requieren formas
innovadoras de prestacin de servicios para expandir el acceso a las intervenciones y
tratamientos paldicos; tales medios incluyen enfoques basados en la comunidad y el
compromiso con los proveedores del sector privado.
La carga econmica del paludismo en los sistemas de salud. Desde el ao 2000, se
estima que el paludismo en frica subsahariana ha costado en promedio, slo por
el manejo de casos, cerca de US$ 300 millones. Dado que el paludismo se concentra
en los pases con ingresos nacionales relativamente bajos, el costo del tratamiento
del paludismo recae de manera desproporcionada en la mayora de los pases con
recursos limitados.
El paludismo por P. vivax. El paludismo por P. vivax es un problema importante de salud
pblica en muchas partes del mundo. Se estima que esta forma del paludismo caus
13.8 millones de casos en todo el mundo en el 2015 y contribuy con cerca de la mitad
de todos los casos de paludismo fuera de frica. La mayora de los casos de paludismo
por P. vivax ocurrieron en la Regin de Asia sudoriental de la OMS (74%), seguida de la
Regin del Mediterrneo Oriental (11%) y la Regin de frica (10%). Se estima que ms
del 80% de los casos de paludismo por P. vivax ocurren en tres pases (Etiopa, India y
Pakistn). P. vivax predomina en los pases que son los principales candidatos para la
eliminacin del paludismo y contribuye con ms del 70% de los casos en los pases con
menos de 5000 casos notificados cada ao.
En todas las regiones endmicas se han registrado casos graves y muertes debidas al
paludismo por P. vivax. A nivel mundial, se estima que en el ao 2015 el nmero total
de muertes por paludismo por P. vivax fue entre 1400 y 14 900, y entre 1400 y 12 900
fuera de frica subsahariana, es decir, de 3.5 a 16% de todas las muertes por paludismo
que ocurrieron fuera de frica subsahariana. Sin embargo, la informacin atribuibles
a la poblacin, sobre los riesgos de enfermedad severa y mortalidad debidos al
paludismo por P. vivax, es escasa y se requiere ms investigacin para perfeccionar las
estimaciones de mortalidad.
Resistencia a los insecticidas. La efectividad del control vectorial basado en el uso de
insecticidas se ve amenazada por el desarrollo de resistencia del parsito los insecticidas
utilizados en los MTI y el RRI. Desde el ao 2010, de los 78 pases que reportaron datos de
monitorizacin, 60 reportaron resistencia en una poblacin vectorial a por lo menos un
xxxiii
insecticida, y 49 reportaron resistencia a insecticidas de dos o ms clases. La

resistencia ms comnmente reportada fue a los piretroides. La resistencia
a los piretroides ha sido detectada en todos los vectores principales que
transmiten el paludismo, y se ha reportado resistencia en tres cuartas partes
de los pases que monitorizaron esta clase de insecticidas en el ao 2014.
Sin embargo, a pesar de la resistencia, los mosquiteros impregnados con
insecticidas de larga duracin (MILD) continan siendo efectivos.
Resistencia a los medicamentos antipaldicos. Se ha detectado resistencia
del P. falciparum a la artemisinina en cinco pases de la subregin del Gran
Mekong: Camboya, la Repblica Democrtica Popular de Laos, Myanmar,
Tailandia y Vietnam. A pesar de los cambios observados en la sensibilidad
del parsito, que se manifiestan como un retraso en la eliminacin del
mismo, los pacientes siguen respondiendo a un tratamiento combinado,
siempre que el medicamento con el que se asocie siga siendo eficaz. La
eficacia del artemter-lumefantrina (AL) en frica y Amrica del Sur sigue
siendo alta, con tasas de fallo teraputico generalmente por debajo del 10%.
Asimismo se han reportado tasas de fallo teraputica de menos del 10% al
artesunato-amodiaquina (ASAQ) en los 25 pases de frica en los que el
ASAQ es la primera o segunda lnea de tratamiento. Se han reportado tasas
altas de fallo teraputico con artesunato-SP (ASSP) en el noreste de la India
(19-25.9%), Somalia (22%) y Sudn (9.4%). En Somalia, el fallo teraputico
est relacionado con la resistencia a la SP, en ausencia de resistencia a la
artemisinina. Para el paludismo por P. vivax, se ha confirmado al menos
algn caso verdadero de resistencia a la cloroquina (con concentraciones
de cloroquina ms desetilcloroquina en sangre total de >100 ng/ml en el da
de la insuficiencia) en 10 pases: Bolivia, Brasil, Etiopa, Indonesia, Malasia,
Myanmar, Papa Nueva Guinea, Per, las Islas Salomn y Tailandia.
Prximos pasos
Para abordar los desafos pendientes y emergentes, la OMS ha desarrollado
la Estrategia Tcnica Mundial para la Malaria 2016-2030, que fue adoptada
por la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud en mayo del 2015. Dicha estrategia
establece los objetivos ms ambiciosos para la reduccin de casos y muertes
por paludismo desde que se inici la era de erradicacin del paludismo.
La estrategia est alineada con los objetivos de la Accin e Inversin
para vencer la Malaria 2016-2030 - por un mundo libre de malaria, de
la RBM para asegurar los objetivos compartidos y complementarios. La
estrategia tiene tres grandes pilares. El primero, lograr el acceso universal
a la prevencin, el diagnstico y el tratamiento del paludismo. El segundo,
acelerar los esfuerzos para lograr la eliminacin y alcanzar el estado
exento de paludismo. Y el tercero, transformar la vigilancia paldica en una
intervencin bsica. Se estima que las inversiones anuales para el control y
la eliminacin del paludismo tendrn que aumentar a US$ 6.4 mil millones
por ao para el 2020 para cumplir con el primer hito en una reduccin del
40% en las tasas de incidencia y mortalidad por paludismo. Posteriormente,
las inversiones anuales debern aumentar a US$ 7.7 mil millones para el ao
2025 para cumplir con el segundo de una reduccin del 75%. Finalmente,
para lograr el objetivo de una reduccin del 90%, se estima que el gasto
anual en paludismo tendr que alcanzar los US$ 8.7 mil millones para el
ao 2030.
xxxiv
Progreso en el control y la eliminacin

del paludismo de acuerdo a los indicadores
ODM y GMAP
Indicador de los ODM
6.6. Tasa de incidencia asociada con el paludismo (por cada 1000 en
riesgo) y
Tasa de muertes asociadas con el paludismo (por cada 100 000 en
riesgo)
6.7. Proporcin de nios menores de 5 aos que duermen bajo un
mosquitero tratado con insecticidaa
6.8. Proporcin de nios menores de 5 aos con ebre que son tratados
con medicamentos antipaldicos adecuadosa,b
Indicador del GMAP
2000
2005
2010
2015
146
134
113
91
-37%
47
37
26
19
-60%
2%
7%
35%
68%
>100%
<1%
3%
12%
13%
>100%
2000
2005
2010
2015
Muertes intrahospitalarias por paludismo por cada 1000 personas por ao
Ver indicador 6.6 de los ODM
Tasa de mortalidad por todas las causas en menores de cinco aos (por
1000 nacidos vivos)
76
63
52
43
% de casos sospechosos de paludismo a los que se les realiz una prueba

parasitolgicac
ND
74%
71%
78%
% de nios menores de 5 aos con ebre en las dos ltimas semanas a

quienes se les realiz una puncin de dedo o talnd
ND
ND
ND
31%
% de casos conrmados de paludismo que recibieron tratamiento

antipaldicos de primera lnea de acuerdo a la poltica nacionala,e
NA
1%
7%
16%
% que recibieron tratamiento de primera lnea entre los nios menores

de 5 aos con ebre en las ltimas 2 semanas, que recibieron algn
medicamento antipaldicoa,b
NA
0%
41%
45%
Casos conrmados de paludismo (microscopa o PDR) por 1000 personas

por ao
Prevalencia de parsitos: proporcin de nios entre 659 meses con
infeccin de paludismoa
% de cambio
% de cambio
-43%
>100%
Ver indicador 6.6 de los ODM

32%
29%
22%
16%
-50%
% de la poblacin con acceso a un MTI dentro de su viviendaa
2%
7%
36%
67%
>100%
% de la poblacin que durmi bajo un MTI la noche anteriora
2%
6%
29%
55%
>100%
2%
3%
6%
3%
50%
1%
4%
24%
46%
>100%
% de mujeres que recibieron por lo menos tres o ms dosis de TPIe

durante las visitas prenatales, durante su ltimo embarazoa,c
ND
ND
5%
17%
>100%
% de distritos que reportan el nmero mensual de casos sospechosos de

paludismo, el nmero de casos a los que se les practic una prueba de
diagnstico y el nmero de casos conrmados de paludismo
ND
ND
ND
ND
16
% de la poblacin protegida por el RRI en los ltimos 12 meses
c,f,g
% viviendas con al menos un MTI para cada dos personas y/o rociadas
con RRI dentro de los ltimos 12 mesesa,g
Nmero de pases nuevos en los que se ha eliminado el paludismoh
MTI, mosquitero tratado con insecticida; NA, no aplicable; ND, datos no disponibles; ODM, Objetivo de Desarrollo del Milenio; PDR,
prueba de diagnstico rpido; RRI, rociado residual intradomiciliario; TPIe, tratamiento preventivo intermitente durante el embarazo
a
Indicador calculado solamente para el frica subsahariana
b
Se reere a terapias combinadas con artemisinas
c
El estimado mostrado para el 2015 corresponde al del 2014
d
Estimado de la mediana de las encuestas domiciliarias ms recientes en frica subsahariana para 20132015; rango intercuartil: 1940%
e
La informacion de tratamientos de primera linea adoptados por los pases son variables, el indicador mostrado considera casos
de P. falciparum tradados con terapias combinadas con artemisinas.
f
El estimado no incluye pases de la Regin Europea de la OMS
g
Se asume que la cobertura del RRI del 2015 es la misma que la del 2014
h
Pases con ningn caso autctonos por tres aos consecutivos
xxxv
1. Introduction
2015 is the nal year for targets set by the World
Health Assembly and Roll Back Malaria to reduce
malaria incidence and mortality. It is also the year
that marks the end of the Millennium Development
Goals and the advent of the Sustainable
Development Goals.
1.1 Introduction to the World malaria report 2015
The World malaria report 2015 describes malaria disease trends and
changes in the coverage and financing of programmes between 2000 and
2015, summarizing progress towards international targets. It highlights the
key challenges that remain in 2015, the goals for malaria control between
2016 and 2030, and the strategies that will be used to achieve those goals.
It also contains regional proles that summarize trends in each WHO region,
and country proles for countries with ongoing malaria transmission and for
those that have recently achieved zero indigenous cases. Finally, annexes
provide details of the sources of data, the methods used in the analyses, and
tables containing country and regional data.
The world malaria report is produced every year by the WHO Global Malaria
Programme, with the help of WHO regional and country offices, ministries
of health in endemic countries, and a broad range of other partners. Data
are assembled from all 95 countries and territories with ongoing malaria
transmission, and a further six countries that have recently eliminated malaria
and are currently implementing measures to prevent re-establishment of
transmission. Most data presented are those reported for 2014 and 2015,
although in some cases projections have been made into 2015 to assess
progress against targets for 2015 (Annex 1 describes the methods used for
each chart and table).
1.2 Introduction to malaria

Malaria in humans is caused by five species of parasites belonging to the
genus Plasmodium. Four of these P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and
P. ovale are human malaria species that are spread from one person to
another via the bite of female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. There are
about 400 different species of Anopheles mosquitoes, but only 30 of these
are vectors of major importance. In recent years, human cases of malaria
due to P. knowlesi have been recorded this species causes malaria among
monkeys in certain forested areas of South-East Asia. Current information
suggests that P. knowlesi malaria is not spread from person to person, but
rather occurs in people when an Anopheles mosquito infected by a monkey
then bites and infects humans (zoonotic transmission).
1. Introduction
P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria pose the greatest public health challenge.
P. falciparum is most prevalent on the African continent, and is responsible
for most deaths from malaria. P. vivax has a wider geographical distribution
than P. falciparum because it can develop in the Anopheles mosquito vector
at lower temperatures, and can survive at higher altitudes and in cooler
climates. It also has a dormant liver stage (known as a hypnozoite) that can
activate months after an initial infection, causing a relapse of symptoms. The
dormant stage enables P. vivax to survive for long periods when Anopheles
mosquitoes are not present (e.g. during winter months). Although P. vivax
can occur throughout Africa, the risk of infection with this species is quite low
there because of the absence in many African populations of the Duffy gene,
which produces a protein necessary for P. vivax to invade red blood cells. In
many areas outside Africa, infections due to P. vivax are more common than
those due to P. falciparum, and cause substantial morbidity.
1.3 Strategies to control and eliminate malaria

Malaria can be prevented and treated using cost-effective interventions.
The main interventions are summarized here and discussed in detail in
Section 3. They are vector control (which reduces transmission of parasites
from humans to mosquitoes and then back to humans), which is achieved
largely through use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) or indoor
residual spraying (IRS); chemoprevention (which suppresses blood-stage
infection in humans); and case management (which includes prompt
diagnosis and treatment of infections) (Figure 1.1).
Use of ITNs reduces malaria mortality rates by an estimated 55% in children
aged under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa (1). Their public health impact is
due to a reduction in malaria deaths, and also to reductions in child deaths
from other causes that are associated with, or exacerbated by, malaria (e.g.
acute respiratory infection, low birth weight and malnutrition). ITNs have
reduced the incidence of malaria cases in eld trials by more than 50% in
Figure 1.1 Main strategies to prevent and treat malaria
Mosquito vector
1. Vector control
Prevent mosquito from acquiring or

passing on an infection (ITN or IRS)
2. Chemoprevention
3. Case management
Suppress and prevent

infections establishing
themselves in human beings
Detect, diagnose,
treat and cure
infections
Human host
a variety of settings (2). When the nets are used by pregnant women, they
are also efficacious in reducing maternal anaemia, placental infection and
low birth weight. Historical and programme documentation has established
a similar impact for IRS, although randomized trial data are limited (3).
In a few specic settings and circumstances, the core interventions of ITNs
and IRS can be supplemented by larval source management (4) or other
environmental modications.
Chemoprevention is particularly effective in pregnant women and young
children. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) involves
administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) during antenatal clinic
visits in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It has been shown
to reduce severe maternal anaemia (5), low birth weight (6) and perinatal
mortality (7). By maintaining therapeutic antimalarial drug concentrations
in the blood during periods of greatest malaria risk, seasonal malaria
chemoprevention (SMC) with amodiaquine plus SP (AQ+SP) for children
aged 359 months has the potential to avert millions of cases and thousands
of deaths in children living in areas of highly seasonal malaria transmission in
the Sahel subregion (8). Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) with
SP, delivered at routine childhood immunization clinics (at 2, 3 and 9 months
of age), provides protection in the rst year of life against clinical malaria
and anaemia; it reduces hospital admissions for infants with malaria and
admissions for all causes (9). A malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, which requires
administration of four doses, has been found to reduce clinical malaria by 39%
(95% condence interval [CI]: 3443%) and severe malaria by 31.5% (95% CI:
9.348.3%) in children who received the vaccine at age 517 months (10).
However, the extent to which the protection observed in the Phase 3 trial
can be replicated in the context of the routine health system is uncertain;
WHOs Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) and the
Malaria Policy Advisory Committee (MPAC) recommended that these issues
be further assessed through large-scale implementation projects (11). WHO
has adopted these recommendations and supports the need to proceed with
these pilots as the next step for the worlds rst malaria vaccine.
Parasitological conrmation of malaria ensures treatment is given only to
those infected with malaria parasites; current medicines against malaria
are highly effective. In most malaria endemic areas, less than half of
patients with suspected malaria infection are truly infected with a malaria
parasite. Therefore, parasitological conrmation by light microscopy or rapid
diagnostic tests (RDTs) is recommended in all patients before antimalarial
treatment is started. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) of
uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria has been estimated to reduce malaria
mortality in children aged 123 months by 99% (range: 94100%), and in
children aged 2459 months by 97% (range: 8699%) (1).
1.4 Global goals, targets and indicators 20002015

Malaria has been the focus of multiple declarations, and a range of
targets have been set since the beginning of the millennium. The disease
has received heightened attention internationally since the launch of the Roll
Back Malaria (RBM) Partnership in 1998 by Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland. It has
been the subject of declarations by several institutions that have set targets
for malaria control and elimination. Table 1.1 summarizes the declarations
and plans made since 2000. The focus of the World malaria report 2015 is
conned to those declarations and plans that are still current in 2015.
Malaria control has been a central element of the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs). Combating malaria, along with HIV/AIDS, was identied as a
priority at the 2000 United Nations General Assembly (12), and was designated
1. Introduction
Table 1.1 Declarations and plans containing targets for malaria control and elimination 20002015
Year of publication
Declaration/Plan
End year for targets
2000
United Nations Millennium Declaration (12)
2015
2000
The Abuja Declaration and the Plan of Action (13)
2005
2005
World Health Assembly Resoultion WHA58.2 (14)
2015
2008
The Global Malaria Action Plan for a malaria-free world (GMAP) (15)
2015
2011
Rened/updated GMAP objectives, targets, milestones and priorities

beyond 2011 (16)
2015
Table 1.2 MDG 6 and associated malaria target and indicators

Goal
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target
6C. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
Indicators
6.6. Incidence and death rates associated with malaria

6.7. Proportion of children under 5 sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets
6.8. Proportion of children under 5 with fever who are treated with appropriate antimalarial drugs
as Goal 6 of the eight MDGs. Target 6C was to Have halted by 2015 and
begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases, and
Indicators 6.66.8 were selected to track progress in reducing morbidity and
mortality and the implementation of malaria interventions (Table 1.2). Given
that, globally, malaria accounted for an estimated 7% of all deaths in children
aged 159 months in 2000, and 17% of all deaths in sub-Saharan Africa
(Section 2.2), malaria control was also central to MDG 4 (achieve a two thirds
reduction in the mortality rate among children aged under 5 years between
1990 and 2015). Malaria efforts were also expected to contribute to achieving
MDG 1 (eradicate extreme poverty and hunger), MDG 2 (achieve universal
primary education), MDG 3 (promote gender equality and empower women),
MDG 5 (improve maternal health) and MDG 8 (develop a global partnership
for development).
Malaria has been highlighted in World Health Assembly and RBM targets.
In 2005, the World Health Assembly set a target to reduce malaria cases
and deaths by 75% by 2015 (14). No baseline year was set, but it is assumed
to be 2000 (as for other targets), and that progress would be tracked using
incidence and death rates, as for MDG 6. In 2011, the RBM Partnership
updated the objectives and targets that had been set out in the Global
Malaria Action Plan (GMAP) in 2008 (15). The RBM update shared the World
Health Assemblys objective of reducing malaria cases by 75% by 2015, but
had a new and more ambitious objective to reduce malaria deaths to near
zero by 2015. A further RBM objective was to eliminate malaria by the end of
2015 in 810 new countries (since 2008) and in the WHO European Region.
The objectives of mortality and morbidity reduction are linked to targets for
universal access to malaria interventions which would mean that 100% of the
population in need of an intervention has access to it. A list of recommended
indicators against each objective and target is shown in Table 1.3.
The World malaria report 2015 aims to report on progress towards each
of the international targets, where possible. Some indicators of the RBM
updated objectives and targets were intended primarily for country-level
use rather than for international reporting and comparison (e.g. confirmed
malaria cases per 1000 persons per year and inpatient malaria deaths
per 1000 persons per year). In these cases, close equivalents are reported
(i.e. incidence and death rates associated with malaria which take into
account patients who use private-sector facilities, where reporting may be
absent or inconsistent, or those who do not seek care). In some cases, the
indicators do not measure a target directly (e.g. all-cause under-5 mortality
rate is not a direct measure of malaria mortality), but these indicators are in
widespread use and can inform progress on broader public health objectives.
Some indicators are reported only for sub-Saharan Africa because they are
most relevant there (e.g. all-cause under-5 mortality rate, pregnant women
who received intermittent preventive treatment for malaria) or because
of data availability (e.g. population who slept under an ITN the previous
night). Most of the data contained in the World malaria report 2015 cover
until the end 2014 or the first half of 2015. For some indicators, notably those
associated with MDG reporting, projections have been made to the end of
2015, as described in Annex 1.
1. Introduction
Table 1.3 Roll Back Malaria objectives, targets for 2015 and indicators for measuring progress (17)
GMAP objective or target
Key indicators
Objective 1.
Reduce global malaria deaths to near zero* by end
2015
Inpatient malaria deaths per 1000 persons per year
Target 1.1 Achieve universal access to case

management in the public sector
% suspected malaria cases that receive a parasitiological

test
Target 1.2 Achieve universal access to case

management, or appropriate referral, in the private
sector
% confirmed malaria cases that receive first-line

antimalarial treatment according to national policy
Target 1.3 Achieve universal access to community

case management (CCM) of malaria
Objective 2.
Reduce global malaria cases by 75% by end 2015
(from 2000 levels)
All-cause under-five mortality rate (5q0)
% children aged under 5 years with fever in the last two

weeks who had a finger/heel stick
% receiving first-line treatment among children aged under

5 years with fever in the last 2 weeks who received any
antimalarial drugs
Confirmed malaria cases (microscopy or RDT) per
1000 persons per year
Parasite prevalence: proportion of children aged
659 months with malaria infection
% population with access to an ITN within their household
Target 2.1 Achieve universal access to and utilization

of prevention measures**
Target 2.2 Sustain universal access to and utilization
of prevention measures
*
**
% population who slept under an ITN the previous night

% population protected by IRS within the last 12 months
% households with at least one ITN for every two people
and/or sprayed by IRS within the last 12 months
% women who received intermittent preventive treatment
for malaria during ANC visits during their last pregnancy
Target 2.3 Accelerate development of surveillance

systems
% districts reporting monthly number of suspected malaria

cases, number of cases receiving a diagnostic test and
number of confirmed malaria cases
Objective 3.
Eliminate malaria by end 2015 in 10 new countries
(since 2008) and in the WHO European Region
Number of new countries in which malaria has been

eliminated
In areas where public health facilities are able to provide a parasitological test to all suspected malaria cases, near zero malaria
deaths is defined as no more than 1 confirmed malaria death per 100 000 population at risk.
Universal access to and utilization is defined as every person at risk sleeping under a quality ITN or in a space protected by IRS
and every pregnant woman at risk receiving at least one dose of intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) in settings where IPTp is
appropriate.
2. Trends in infection prevalence,

cases and deaths
There have been profound changes in the
incidence of malaria since the beginning of the
millennium the risk of acquiring malaria has been
reduced by 37% since 2000 and the risk of dying
has decreased by 60%. An increasing number of
countries are moving towards eliminating malaria,
and zero indigenous cases were reported from
the WHO European Region for the first time since
record keeping began.
2.1 Global trends in malaria incidence and mortality
There were large reductions in the number of malaria cases and deaths
between 2000 and 2015. In 2000, it was estimated that there were
262 million cases of malaria globally (range: 205316 million), leading
to 839 000 deaths (range: 653 0001.1 million) (Table 2.1). By 2015, it was
estimated that the number of malaria cases had decreased to 214 million
(range: 149303 million), and the number of deaths to 438 000 (range:
236 000635 000). These figures equate to an 18% decline in estimated
malaria cases and a 48% decline in the number of deaths during this period.
Most cases in 2015 are estimated to occur in the WHO African Region (88%),
followed by the WHO South-East Asia Region (10%) and the WHO Eastern
Mediterranean Region (2%). Similarly, it is estimated that in 2015 most deaths
(90%) were in the WHO African Region, followed by the WHO South-East Asia
Region (7%) and the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (2%).
Figure 2.1 Estimated malaria case incidence and death rate globally,
20002015
Malaria cases per 1000 persons
at risk and malaria deaths
per 100 000 persons at risk
200
Incidence rate
Death rate
150
100
37% decrease
20002015
50
60% decrease
20002015
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source: WHO estimates
2. Trends in infection prevalence, cases and deaths

MDG Target 6C, to have halted and begun to reverse the incidence of
malaria, has been met. The incidence rate of malaria, which takes into
account population growth, is estimated to have decreased by 37% globally
between 2000 and 2015; in the same period, the estimated malaria mortality
rate decreased by 60% (Table 2.2, Figure 2.1). Therefore, MDG Target 6C
has been met. In addition, substantial progress has been made towards
the World Health Assembly target to reduce the malaria burden by 75% by
2015, and the RBM target to reduce deaths to near zero. Reductions in the
incidence of malaria cases are estimated to have been greatest in the WHO
Table 2.1 Estimated malaria cases and deaths, by WHO region, 20002015
Estimated number of malaria cases
(000's)
WHO region
2000
2005
2015
20002015
African
214 000
217 000
209 000
188 000
Americas
2 500
1 800
1 100
Eastern
Mediterranean
9 100
8 600
36
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Estimated number of malaria deaths
Change
2000
2005
2010
2015
-12%
764 000
670 000
499 000
395 000
-48%
660
-74%
1 600
1 200
1 100
500
-69%
4 000
3 900
-57%
15 000
15 000
7 000
7 000
-51%
5.6
0.2
-100%
33 000
34 000
28 000
20 000
-39%
51 000
48 000
44 000
32 000
-37%
3 700
2 300
1 700
1 500
-59%
8 100
4 200
3 500
3 200
-60%
World
262 000
264 000
243 000
214 000
-18%
839 000
738 000
554 000
438 000
-48%
Lower bound
205 000
203 000
190 000
149 000
653 000
522 000
362 000
236 000
Upper bound
316 000
313 000
285 000
303 000
1 099 000
961 000
741 000
635 000
European*
2010
Change
20002015
* There were no recorded deaths among indigenous cases in WHO European Region for the years shown.
Table 2.2 Estimated malaria incidence and death rates, by WHO region, 20002015
Estimated malaria incidence rate
per 1000 at risk of malaria
WHO region
2000
2005
2010
2015
427
378
315
246
Americas
40
26
16
Eastern
Mediterranean
59
49
European
28
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Change
Change
2000
2005
2010
2015
-42%
153
117
75
52
-66%
-78%
2.6
1.9
1.5
0.7
-72%
20
18
-70%
9.3
8.3
3.6
3.3
-64%
0.1
-100%
-100%
44
42
33
23
-49%
6.9
6.0
5.1
3.5
-49%
11
-65%
2.4
1.2
1.0
0.9
-65%
World
146
134
113
91
-37%
47
37
26
19
-60%
Lower bound
114
103
88
63
36
27
17
10
Upper bound
176
159
132
129
61
49
34
27
African
20002015
Estimated malaria death rate

per 100 000 at risk of malaria
20002015
European Region (100%), followed by the WHO Region of the Americas (78%),
the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (70%) and the WHO Western Pacific
Region (65%) (Figure 2.2). The malaria mortality rate is estimated to have
declined by 66% in the WHO African Region between 2000 and 2013.
The number of malaria deaths in children aged under 5 years is estimated to
have decreased from 723 000 globally in 2000 (range: 563 000948 000)
to 306 000 in 2015 (range: 219 000421 000). The bulk of this decrease
occurred in the WHO African Region, where the estimated number of deaths
fell from 694 000 in 2000 (range: 569 000901 000) to 292 000 in 2015
(range: 212 000384 000). While malaria remains a major killer of children,
taking the life of a child every 2 minutes, the progress made in reducing
deaths in children aged under 5 years has been substantial, particularly in
sub-Saharan Africa (Table 2.3).
2.2 Child mortality and infection prevalence

in sub-Saharan Africa
The under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) from all causes fell by 48% in malaria
endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa between 2000 and 2015. In 2000,
the U5MR in malaria endemic countries was 158 deaths per 1000 live births,
leading to 4.3 million deaths in children aged under 5 years. By 2015, the
U5MR had decreased to 82 deaths per 1000 live births, leading to 2.9 million
deaths (Figure 2.3).
As a result of the substantial reductions in malaria mortality, malaria is no
longer the leading cause of death among children in sub-Saharan Africa.
In 2000, globally, malaria accounted for 7% of deaths in children aged under
5 years, and 17% of these deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, where it was the
leading cause of death. As a result of the large decreases in malaria mortality
in children aged under 5 years, malaria accounted for just 5% of under-five
deaths globally in 2015, and 10% of under-five deaths in sub-Saharan Africa,
where it is now the fourth highest cause of death (Figure 2.4).
Figure 2.2 Percentage decrease in (a) estimated malaria case incidence and
(b) malaria death rate, by WHO region, 20002015
AFR
EUR
Decrease
(a)
AMR
SEAR
EMR
WPR
0%
0%
20%
20%
40%
40%
60%
60%
80%
80%
100%
2000
2005
2010
2015
AFR
EUR*
(b)
100%
2000
2005
AMR
SEAR
2010
EMR
WPR
2015
AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; EUR,
European Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacific Region
* There were no recorded deaths among indigenous cases in the WHO European Region for the
years shown.
10

Table 2.3 Estimated number of malaria deaths in children aged under 5 years, by WHO region, 2015
Estimated number of malaria deaths
in children aged under 5 years
WHO region
2000
2005
2010
2005
2010
2015
African
694 000
591 000
410 000
292 000
-58%
7.84
5.82
3.55
2.26
-71%
400
300
300
100
-66%
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.02
-64%
5 300
5 200
2 000
2 200
-58%
0.44
0.33
0.15
0.14
-69%
South-East Asia
19 000
16 000
14 000
10 000
-49%
0.22
0.18
0.16
0.11
-48%
Western Pacific
4 700
2 000
1 600
1 500
-68%
0.18
0.08
0.06
0.06
-69%
World
723 000
614 000
428 000
306 000
-58%
3.12
2.49
1.63
1.10
-65%
Lower bound
563 000
434 000
279 000
219 000
2.43
1.76
1.06
0.79
Upper bound
948 000
800 000
572 000
421 000
4.09
3.24
2.17
1.51
Eastern
Mediterranean
European
20002015
Change
2000
Americas
2015
Estimated malaria death rate per

100 000 children aged under 5 years
Change
20002015
Figure 2.3 Under-5 mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa, 20002015
Deaths among children aged

under 5 years per 1 000 live births
Neonatal deaths
Non-malaria postneonatal deaths
Malaria deaths
200
150
100
50
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2011
2012 2013 2014 2015
Figure 2.4 Leading causes of death among children aged under 5 years in
sub-Saharan Africa, 20002015
Malaria
Birth asphyxia and birth trauma

Diarrhoeal diseases
Acute respiratory infections
Prematurity
Measles
Deaths per 1000 livre births
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2000 2001
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Conditions that are responsible for more than 10 deaths per 1000 live births during any time
between 2000 and 2015 are shown.
11
The proportion of children infected with malaria parasites has been halved
in endemic areas of Africa since 2000. Infection prevalence among children
aged 210 years is estimated to have declined from 33% in 2000 (uncertainty
interval [UI]: 3135%); to 16% in 2015 (UI: 1419%), with three quarters of this
change occurring after 2005. Reductions were particularly pronounced in
central Africa. Whereas high transmission was common across much of central
and western Africa in 2000 (with P. falciparum infection prevalence in children
aged 210 years [PfPR210] exceeding 50%), it is geographically limited in 2015
(Figure 2.5). The proportion of the population living in areas where PfPR210
exceeds 50% has fallen from 33% (3037%) to 9% (513%). Even with a large
growth in underlying populations in stable transmission areas, this reduction
in PfPR210 has resulted in a 26% drop in the number of people infected, from
an average of 171 million people with malaria infections in 2000 to 127 million
in 2013. The population of areas experiencing very low transmission (PfPR210
<1%) has increased sixfold since 2000, to 121 million (range: 110133 million).
Figure 2.5 Estimated P. falciparum infection prevalence among children aged

210 years (PfPR210) in 2000 and 2015
2000
PfPR210
100%
2015
0%
P. falciparum free
P. falciparum API <0.1
Not applicable
API, annual parasite index; PfPR, P. falciparum parasite rate

Source: Malaria Atlas Project (18)
12
2.3 Estimated malaria cases and deaths averted,

20012015
It is estimated that a cumulative 1.2 billion fewer malaria cases and 6.2 million
fewer malaria deaths occurred globally between 2001 and 2015 than would
have been the case had incidence and mortality rates remained unchanged
since 2000. Of the estimated 6.2 million fewer malaria deaths between 2001
and 2015, about 5.9 million (95%) were in children aged under 5 years. These
deaths represent 13% of the 46 million fewer deaths from all causes in children
aged under 5 years since 2000 (assuming under-5 mortality rates in 2000
remained unchanged during 20002015). Thus, reductions in malaria deaths
contributed substantially to progress towards achieving the MDG 4 target of
reducing the under-5 mortality rate by two thirds between 1990 and 2015.
Not all of the cases and deaths averted can be attributed to malaria control
efforts. Some progress is likely to be related to increased urbanization and
overall economic development, which has led to improvements in housing
and nutrition (see Section 3.7 for an estimate of the proportion of cases
averted due to malaria interventions).
2.4 Country-level trends in malaria incidence and

mortality
Of 106 countries with ongoing transmission of malaria in 2000, 57 are
estimated to have reduced malaria case incidence by >75%. Substantial
reductions in malaria incidence and mortality rates have occurred across the
globe (Figure 2.6). The estimate of 57 countries comes from two sources of
information. First, of the 106 countries that had ongoing malaria transmission
in 2000, 67 have submitted data on malaria patients attending health
facilities that were sufficiently complete and consistent to reliably assess
trends between 2000 and 2014 (a description of the strategy used to analyse
trends is provided in Annex 1).
Figure 2.6 Estimated change in malaria case incidence 20002015, by WHO

region
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
60
Number of countries
50
40
30
20
10
0
Unable to assess
Increase
<50%
5075%
>75%
Decrease in malaria incidence
European Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacic Region
13
Using this source, it is estimated that 55 countries have reduced malaria

incidence rates by >75% in 2015, in line with RBM and World Health Assembly
targets (Table 2.4). Second, for many high-burden countries in the WHO
African and Eastern Mediterranean regions, where case confirmation and
reporting remains variable, it is not possible to assess trends from routinely
reported data on malaria. However, an increasing number of parasite
prevalence surveys have been undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa and can
be brought together in a geospatial model to map parasite prevalence
and estimate trends in case incidence. Using this source for 32 countries, it
is estimated that a further two countries have reduced malaria incidence
rates by >75% in 2015, in line with RBM and World Health Assembly targets
(Table 2.5). Thus, in total, 57 out of 106 countries with ongoing transmission in
2000 have reduced malaria incidence rates by >75%. A further 18 countries
assessed by reported cases or modelling are estimated to have reduced
malaria incidence rates by 5075%.
Table 2.4 Summary of trends in reported malaria case incidence 20002015, by WHO region
WHO region
14
>75% decrease in incidence

projected 20002015
African
Algeria
Botswana
Cabo Verde
Eritrea
Namibia
Rwanda
Sao Tome and Principe
South Africa
Swaziland
Americas
Argentina
Belize
Bolivia
(Plurinational
State of)
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana,
France
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Suriname
Eastern
Mediterranean
Afghanistan
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Iraq
Morocco
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Syrian Arab
Republic
European
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
5075%
decrease in
incidence
projected
20002015
<50%
decrease in
incidence
projected
20002015
Ethiopia
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Madagascar
Dominican
Republic
Guyana
Panama
Peru
Increase in
incidence
20002015
Insufficiently consistent data to

evaluate trends 20002015
Angola
Benin
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African
Republic
Chad
Comorosa
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Democratic
Republic of
the Congo
Equatorial
Guinea
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Venezuela
(Bolivarian
Republic of)
Haiti
Djibouti
Pakistan
Somalia
Sudan
Yemen
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Sudan
Togo
Uganda
United Republic
of Tanzaniab
WHO region
>75% decrease in incidence

projected 20002015
South-East Asia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic
Peoples
Republic of
Korea
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Timor-Leste
Western Pacific
Cambodia
China
Lao Peoples
Democratic
Republic
Malaysia
Papua New
Guinea
Philippines
Republic of
Korea
Solomon
Islands
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
5075%
decrease in
incidence
projected
20002015
<50%
decrease in
incidence
projected
20002015
Increase in
incidence
20002015
India
Thailand
Insufficiently consistent data to

evaluate trends 20002015
Indonesia
Myanmarc
Routinely reported data indicate a decrease of >75% in malaria case incidence between 2013 and 2014
Routinely reported data indicate a decrease of 5075% in malaria admissions rates in Zanzibar
c
Routinely reported data indicate a decrease of >75% in malaria case incidence since 2008
Source: National malaria control programme data
a
b
Table 2.5 Summary of trends in estimated malaria case incidence 20002015, for countries in which trends
could not be evaluated from reported data but can be assessed through modeling*
WHO region
African
Eastern
Mediterranean
>75% decrease in
incidence projected
20002015
Guinea-Bissau
Mauritania
50%75% decrease in
incidence projected
20002015
<50% decrease in
incidence projected
20002015
Angola
Burundi
Congo
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Liberia
Malawi
Senegal
Uganda
United Republic of
Tanzania
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cameroon
Central African
Republic
Chad
Cte d'Ivoire
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Kenya
Mali
Mozambique
Niger
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
South Sudan
Togo
Djibouti
Sudan
Somalia
Increase in incidence
20002015
* Trends could not be assessed by reported cases or modelling in 7 countries or areas: the Comoros, Haiti, Indonesia, Mayotte
(France), Myanmar, Pakistan and Yemen
15
An increasing number of countries are moving towards elimination of

malaria. Whereas only 13 countries were estimated to have fewer than
1000 malaria cases in 2000, a total of 33 countries are estimated to have
achieved this milestone in 2015 (Figures 2.7 and 2.8). In 2014, 16 countries
reported zero indigenous cases (Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Costa Rica,
Iraq, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Oman, Paraguay, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates and Uzbekistan). Another three
countries and territories reported fewer than 10 indigenous cases in that year
(Algeria, El Salvador and Mayotte [France]). Argentina and Kyrgyzstan have
commenced the WHO process for certification of malaria elimination.
Figure 2.7 Estimated number of malaria cases in 2000 and 2015,

by WHO region
AFR
Estimated number of malaria cases
100 000 000
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
10 000 000
1 000 000
100 000
10 000
1000
100
10
1
2000 2015
2000 2015
2000 2015
2000 2015
2000 2015
2000 2015
European Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacific Region
Diamonds represent countries within each WHO region
Source: National malaria control programme reports and WHO estimates
Figure 2.8 Number of countries with fewer than 1000, 100 and 10 cases,
20002015
Fewer than 1000 cases
Fewer than 10 cases
35
Fewer than 100 cases
Number of countries
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2000 2001
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
16
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015

As of December 2015, there are 20 countries in the pre-elimination
and elimination phases, and nine in the phase of prevention of malaria
reintroduction (Table2.6). This classification according to programme phase
takes into account programme operations as well as malaria incidence (see
Annex1 for definitions of elimination and pre-elimination and prevention of
reintroduction phases).
Table 2.6 Classification of countries by programme phase, December 2015

WHO region
Pre-elimination
Elimination
African
Cabo Verde
Swaziland
Algeria
Americas
Belize
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Mexico
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Prevention of
reintroduction
Malaria free
Eastern
Mediterranean
Iran (Islamic Republic

of)
Saudi Arabia
Egypt
Iraq
Oman
Syrian Arab Republic
Morocco 2010
United Arab Emirates
2007
European
Turkey
Tajikistan
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan 2010
Armenia 2012
South-East
Asia
Bhutan
Democratic People's
Republic of Korea
Western
Pacific
Malaysia
Sri Lanka
China
Republic of Korea
Source: National malaria control programme data
world malaria report 2015
17
2.5 Towards elimination of malaria in the

WHO European Region
The WHO European Region reported zero indigenous cases for the first time
in 2015, in line with the goal of the Tashkent Declaration to eliminate malaria
from the region by 2015. The region comprises 53 countries and covers the
European Union as well as the Balkan countries, the Russian Federation, Israel,
Turkey and countries in South Caucasus and Central Asia. In 1975, the WHO
European Region, excepting Turkey, was considered malaria free. In Turkey,
the incidence of malaria had been reduced to 1263 cases in 1970 (19), but the
incidence increased to 9828 cases in 1975, and to 115 385 cases in 1977. The
increases were linked to agricultural development and insecticide resistance
in the ukurova and Amikova plains of southern Turkey. The epidemic was
steadily controlled, with 8675 cases reported in 1990. A subsequent increase
in cases was linked to the rst Gulf war and an inux of refugees from Iraq,
with 84 321 cases reported in 1994 and 81 754 in 1995 (Figure 2.9). In the
Caucasus and the Central Asian republics, and to a lesser extent in the Russian
Federation, an increase in imported cases in the late 1980s and early 1990s,
linked to the war in Afghanistan and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, was
followed by re-establishment of local transmission. In total, nine countries
were affected: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The countries
worst affected were Azerbaijan, with 13 135 cases reported in 1996, and
Tajikistan, with 29 794 reported cases in 1997. As a result of large-scale
epidemics in Azerbaijan, Tajikistan and Turkey, the number of reported cases
in the region peaked at 90 712 in 1995 (Figure 2.9). Most cases were due
to P. vivax, although P. falciparum was noted in Tajikistan in the mid-1990s.
The WHO European Region also suffered an outbreak in Bulgaria in
19951996, when 18 locally acquired cases of P. vivax malaria were reported
a situation that was swiftly controlled.
Figure 2.9 Indigenous malaria cases in the WHO European Region, by country, 19902015
Turkey
Tajikistan
Azerbaijan
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Armenia
Other countries
Number of ndigenous malaria cases
100 000
80 000
60 000
40 000
20 000
1990
1995
2000
18
2005
2010
2015
In 2005, affected countries made a joint commitment to eliminate malaria

by 2015. Control efforts across affected countries in the WHO European
Region had reduced the number of indigenous cases to 32 394 in 2000 and
to 5072 in 2005 (Figure 2.10). Malaria incidence was at a level such that
the goal of interruption of transmission had become feasible throughout the
region. With this goal in sight, the ministers of health of Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan made a commitment through the Tashkent
Declaration in 2005 to eliminate malaria from the region by 2015.
Falling to zero malaria indigenous cases. In addition to high-level political
support, and intense programmatic efforts within affected countries, the
elimination effort beneted from technical support from WHO and from
nancial assistance from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and
Malaria (Global Fund) starting in 2003, with a total of 11 grants to ve
countries (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan). The
total number of reported indigenous malaria cases in the WHO European
Region continued to decline, with just 179 indigenous cases in six countries
in 2010. The last indigenous case of P. falciparum malaria in the region was
reported in Tajikistan in 2009. Armenia and Turkmenistan were certied
malaria free in October 2010 and September 2011, respectively. However,
the years 2011 and 2012 saw renewed malaria transmission in Georgia
(isolated cases) and in Greece and Turkey (localized outbreaks), as a result
of malaria importation from other endemic countries (Afghanistan, India and
Pakistan). These resurgences were brought under control and the number of
indigenous cases in the region fell to zero in 2015.
Maintaning zero cases. The achievement of zero indigenous malaria cases
in the WHO European Region is fragile. Although zero cases were reported in
2015, there is still a possibility of cases with a long incubation period arising
in 2016. Moreover, the region is subject to continual importation of cases
from other endemic regions, which brings the threat of re-establishment
of transmission. Maintaining zero indigenous cases will require continued
political commitment, constant vigilance against the risks of re-establishment,
and further investments to strengthen health systems to ensure that any
resurgence can be rapidly contained.
Figure 2.10 Indigenous malaria cases in the WHO European Region by parasite
species, 20002015
P. falciparum
P. vivax
Number of ndigenous malaria cases
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
19
2.6 Towards malaria elimination in other WHO regions

In the WHO African Region, Algeria is in the elimination phase. No
indigenous cases were recorded in 2014, and of the 266 cases reported,
260 were imported (the remaining six were not classified and it is possible
that some were indigenous). This represents a sharp decrease in indigenous
cases compared to the number in 2012, when 55 indigenous and three
introduced cases were reported. Cabo Verde has been in the pre-elimination
phase since 2010. The island reported only 46 cases in 2014, of which 20
were imported and 26 locally acquired. Other islands have also reported
relatively low numbers of cases in recent years. Zanzibar (United Republic of
Tanzania) reported 2600 confirmed and 1646 presumed cases in 2014, which
represents an increase over 2013 (2194 confirmed cases and 354 presumed).
The Comoros reported a substantial reduction in confirmed malaria cases
from 53 156 in 2013 to 2203 in 2014 following mass drug administration
with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus primaquine and large-scale
distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs).
Four countries of the Elimination 8 (E8) regional initiative (Botswana,
Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland) have a goal to eliminate malaria by
2015. However, three of these countries reported increases in the number of
confirmed malaria cases in 2014 compared to the number in 2013 (Botswana
from 456 to 1346, Namibia from 4911 to 15 914 and South Africa from 8645 to
11 705). In Swaziland, which is in the pre-elimination phase, the number of
confirmed cases decreased from 962 in 2013 to 711 in 2014; this still represents
an increase over 2012 (562 cases reported), although this may in part be
attributed to increased use of diagnostic testing. Of note, of the 606 cases
investigated in 2014, some 322 were considered to have been imported. With
continued investments in malaria control, especially in diagnostic capacity, it
is expected that these countries will continue to progress towards elimination.
In the WHO Region of the Americas, Argentina has reported zero indigenous
cases since 2011. In 2015, the country underwent a first assessment as part of
the process for certification as free of malaria. Paraguay has reported zero
indigenous cases since 2012, and eight imported cases in 2014. Costa Rica
reported zero indigenous cases in both 2013 and 2014 (but with five imported
and one relapsing in 2014).
Two countries in the pre-elimination phase reported a decrease of indigenous
cases between 2013 and 2014: Belize (from 20 to 19 cases, all of which were
P. vivax infections); and Ecuador (from 544 to 368 cases, with both P. vivax
and P. falciparum infections). The number of indigenous cases remained
constant in El Salvador at six (all P. vivax infections), while in Mexico the
number increased from 495 in 2013 to 656 in 2014 (all P. vivax) infections.
Ten countries in Central America and the Caribbean (Belize, Costa Rica,
the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico,
Nicaragua and Panama) have joined a regional initiative that aims to
eliminate malaria by 2020, with the support of the Global Fund.
In the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, the downward trend of
indigenous cases has continued in the two countries in the elimination phase
the Islamic Republic of Iran (358 cases in 2014 from 479 cases in 2013) and
Saudi Arabia (30 cases in 2014 from 34 cases in 2013). The Islamic Republic of
Iran has been in the elimination phase since 2010 and Saudi Arabia since 2008,
respectively. Four countries achieved zero indigenous cases some years ago
(Egypt in 1998, Iraq in 2009, Oman in 2004 and the Syrian Arab Republic in
2005), and are now attempting to prevent reintroduction. Iraq and the Syrian
Arab Republic did not report indigenous cases in 2014, but information from
the latter country is limited. Oman achieved interruption of transmission in
20042006 and is currently applying a prevention of reintroduction strategy,
20

with vigilance of general health services and case-based surveillance. Since
2007, Oman has been battling small outbreaks related to imported cases;
the country reported 986 imported and 15 introduced cases in 2014. Egypt
reported 22 locally acquired cases in 2014.
In the WHO South-East Asia Region, the last indigenous malaria case in Sri
Lanka was reported in October 2012; the country is now in the prevention
of reintroduction phase, showing tremendous progress from a baseline
of 210 039 cases in 2000. The two countries in the pre-elimination phase
(Bhutan and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea) showed a decline in
the number of indigenous P. vivax cases in 2013. In Bhutan, only 19 indigenous
cases were recorded (against 15 indigenous cases and 30 introduced cases
in 2013). However, in the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, the numbers
were considerably greater 10 535 cases in 2014 (14 407 in 2013) and
the number of people exposed to risk in active foci is still high (11.7 million),
representing 47% of the total population.
In the WHO Western Pacific Region, China is progressing rapidly towards
malaria elimination, and in 2015 it moved to the elimination phase. It
reported only 56 indigenous cases in 2014, down from 86 in 2013 and 244
in 2012. Transmission continues in limited areas, particularly in border areas
of Yunnan (a shared border with the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic and
Myanmar) and Tibet. China has a large number of imported cases, 2864 in
2014, primarily from sub-Saharan Africa but also from neighbouring Laos
and Myanmar. The Republic of Korea, also in elimination phase, saw an
increase in the number of indigenous cases from 383 in 2013 to 557 in 2014.
A large number of people are at risk, although programmatically the country
continues to meet the surveillance and treatment criteria for the nationwide
elimination phase. Malaysia is in the pre-elimination phase and continues
to progress towards elimination, reporting 606 indigenous cases in 2014
(P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae infections), down from 1092 in 2013.
Malaria transmission in Malaysia is geographically limited, mainly to districts
in Sarawak and Sabah, but 1.3 million people still live in active foci. Malaysia
also faces an increasing threat of zoonotic malaria infection, with 2551
indigenous cases of P. knowlesi infection reported in 2014, representing 81% of
all locally acquired cases reported in that year. The Philippines is continuing
its subnational elimination approach, and by 2014 had declared 28 (35%) of
its 81 provinces malaria free. In 2014, it reported a total of 4903 conrmed
malaria cases, a decrease since 2013 and 2012 (from 6514 and 7133 cases,
respectively).
Malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong subregion. In response to the
threat of multidrug resistance, including resistance to ACT among P. falciparum
parasites, and taking into account recent improvements in malaria control,
four countries in the Greater Mekong subregion (Cambodia, Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Viet Nam) have established a Strategy
for Malaria Elimination in the Greater Mekong subregion (20152030). The
ultimate goal of the strategy is to eliminate P. falciparum malaria by 2025,
and all malaria by 2030, in all countries in the Greater Mekong subregion. This
strategy prioritizes the rapid interruption of transmission in areas affected by
multidrug resistance, including resistance to ACT. In areas and countries where
transmission has been interrupted, the goal will be to maintain malaria-free
status and address imported malaria.
21
3. Coverage of key
interventions
3.1 Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
The proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN has increased
dramatically in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000. Most malaria endemic
countries have adopted policies promoting universal access to ITNs. However,
ITNs have been most widely deployed in Africa, which has the highest
proportion of the population at risk of malaria, and has malaria vectors
most amenable to control with ITNs. Based on data from household surveys
and reports from manufacturers and national malaria control programmes
(NMCPs), the proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN has
increased markedly in sub-Saharan Africa, from less than 2% in 2000 to an
estimated 46% in 2014 (95% CI: 4250%) and 55% in 2015 (95% CI: 5058%)
(Figure 3.1). The proportion of children aged under 5 years in sub-Saharan
Africa sleeping under an ITN increased to an estimated 68% (95% CI: 6172%)
in 2015. Although these results represent a substantial increase since 2000,
they fall short of universal (100%) coverage of this preventive measure.
The continent-wide estimates of those sleeping under an ITN obscure
variations in progress among and within countries. For example, in 2015,
the median proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN was 74%
among the five countries with the highest estimates and 20% among the five
countries with the lowest estimates (Figure 3.2).
Figure 3.1 Proportion of population at risk with access to an ITN and proportion
sleeping under an ITN, sub-Saharan Africa, 20002015
Proportion of population at risk
Population with access to an ITN

100%
Population sleeping under an ITN
95% condence interval
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net

Source: Insecticide-treated mosquito net coverage model from Malaria Atlas Project (20), with
further analysis by WHO
22
3. Coverage of key interventions
Figure 3.2 Proportion of population sleeping under an ITN, sub-Saharan Africa, 2015
Sleeping under an ITN

0%
100%
P. falciparum free
P. falciparum API <0.1
Not applicable
API, annual parasite index; ITN insecticide-treated mosquito net

Source: Insecticide-treated mosquito net coverage model from Malaria Atlas Project (20)
The rise in the proportion of the population sleeping under an ITN is driven by
increasing access to ITNs in the household. The proportion of the population
with access to an ITN in their household increased to 56% in 2014 (95% CI:
5161%) and 67% in 2015 (95% CI: 6171%) (Figure 3.1). This is a substantial
increase from the less than 2% with access to an ITN in 2000 but it is still lower
than the universal (100%) access called for in the updated GMAP targets. In
sub-Saharan Africa, estimates suggest that, overall, a high proportion (about
82%) of those with access to an ITN sleep under an ITN. Thus, while encouraging
consistent ITN use among those who have access remains important, ensuring
access to ITNs for those who do not have them is the highest priority activity to
increase the population protected by this intervention.
An increasing number of ITNs have been delivered to sub-Saharan African
countries, but those numbers are still insufficient to achieve universal access.
Most nets delivered by manufacturers to countries are subsequently distributed
by NMCPs to households. The number of nets delivered by manufacturers in a
given year usually does not exactly match the number distributed by NMCPs,
because of delays between delivery to the country and distribution through
campaigns. About 143 million LLINs were delivered to countries in sub-Saharan
Africa in 2013, over 189 million were delivered in 2014, and at least 154 million
23
are projected to be delivered in 2015 (Figure 3.3). In recent years, most nets
delivered have been LLINs. The 189 million nets delivered in 2014 represent the
highest number delivered in a single year. This gure approaches the estimated
200 million nets required each year to achieve universal access to ITNs, if nets
were allocated to households with maximum efficiency (i.e. every household
received the exact number of nets required for 100% access within households)
and nets were retained in households for at least 3 years. However, this is the
best-case scenario; in reality, based on the current distribution patterns of nets
in households and the loss of nets estimated from distribution and survey data,
as many as 300 million new nets would be required each year to ensure that
all persons at risk of malaria had access to an LLIN in countries in which the use
of LLINs is the primary method of vector control.
3.2 Indoor residual spraying

The WHO African Region had the largest number of persons and the largest
proportion of the population at risk protected by IRS in 2014, but coverage
rates have declined in recent years. NMCPs often target only selected
populations for IRS; however, the number and proportion of persons protected
by IRS among the total population at risk allows for a comparison of the extent
to which IRS is used across countries and regions. NMCPs reported that about
116 million people worldwide were protected by IRS in 2014. This comprises 50
million people in the WHO African Region, and 49 million people in the WHO
South-East Asia Region, of whom over 44 million were in India. The proportion
of the population at risk protected by IRS has declined globally from a peak of
5.7% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2014, with decreases seen in all regions except the WHO
Eastern Mediterranean Region (Figure 3.4). The proportion of the population
at risk protected by IRS was 6% in all of sub-Saharan Africa in 2014, and 70%
in countries where IRS is the primary method of vector control. The decrease
in the number of people protected by IRS in Africa was largely due to changes
in just a few countries, most notably Ethiopia, which accounted for one third of
the population protected by IRS in Africa in 2013.
There has been a shift away from using pyrethroids for IRS. Of the 53
countries that reported the insecticide classes sprayed in 2014, 29 had used
pyrethroids only, 14 had used pyrethroids and one or two other classes, and
10 had used non-pyrethroids only. Carbamates were the most commonly
Figure 3.3 Number of ITNs/LLINs delivered and distributed, and the estimated number of LLINs needed
annually to achieve universal access in sub-Saharan Africa, 20042015
ITNs/LLINs delivered by manufacturers
ITNs/LLINs distributed by NMCPs
Annual ITN/LLIN need, improved allocation and net retention
Annual ITN/LLIN need, current allocation and net retention
Number of ITNs/LLINs (million)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net; LLIN, long-lasting insecticidal net; NMCP, national malaria control programme
Annual need for universal access was calculated under two scenarios: (1) current durability and net distribution patterns are
maintained and (2) every net lasts 3 years and each household receives the exact number of nets it needs.
Source: NMCP reports and Milliner Global Associates
24
2015

used non-pyrethroid, and were sprayed in 13 countries, of which six used
this class alone. Reductions in overall IRS coverage may be attributed
to spraying with the more expensive non-pyrethroids as a result of both
widespread pyrethroid resistance and large-scale use of ITNs. The current
WHO recommendation for resistance management in areas with LLINs is
additive spraying, with non-pyrethroids used on a rotational basis (21).
In Africa, over half the population at risk had access to an ITN or were protected
by IRS in 2014. Combining data reported by NMCPs the modelled proportion
of the population with access to an ITN in a household and the proportion of
persons protected by IRS and accounting for households that may receive
both interventions, the proportion of the population for whom vector control
had been made available was estimated at 59% in 2014. The proportion
exceeded 80% in nine countries (Figure 3.5). Although the proportion protected
by ITNs generally exceeds the proportion protected by IRS, in some countries
IRS is the primary vector control measure; in 2014 it accounted for more than
80% of vector control coverage in six countries.
Figure 3.4 Proportion of the population at risk protected by IRS by WHO
region, 20092014
World
AFR
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
15%
10%
5%
0%
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; SEAR,
South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacific Region
Source: National malaria control programme reports
Figure 3.5 Proportion of the population protected by IRS or with access to ITNs
in sub-Saharan Africa, 2014
>75%
5074%
2549%
<25%
Not malaria endemic
Not applicable
Source: National malaria control programme reports and insecticide-treated mosquito net
coverage model from Malaria Atlas Project (20), with further analysis by WHO
25
3.3 Larval control

Larval control as a malaria intervention is used by at least 48 countries
globally. Such control involves vector habitat modication or manipulation,
larviciding and biological control (e.g. use of sh as larval predators). In
2014, some 48 countries reported using at least one of these methods of
larval control, 10 more countries than in the previous year. Thirty-two
countries reported use of vector habitat modication or manipulation, and
45 countries reported use of biological control or chemical larviciding. The
scale of the larval control activities was not reported, and it is difficult to
quantify the impact of this intervention.
3.4 Preventive therapies for malaria

The proportion of pregnant women receiving at least one dose of IPTp has
increased in recent years, but was still only 52% in 2014. The 2014 WHO
policy update for IPTp recommends that doses should be delivered at each
antenatal care (ANC) visit after the rst trimester (the schedule should follow
the recommended number of ANC visits), with a minimum of three doses
received during each pregnancy. Using data reported by NMCPs and United
Nations (UN) population estimates for the 36 African countries in which
the policy has been adopted, it is estimated that 52% of eligible pregnant
women received at least one dose of IPTp in 2014, while 40% received two
or more doses and 17% received three or more doses in 2014 (Figure 3.6).
The proportion of women receiving one, two or three doses has increased
after the WHO recommendation of October 2012 that IPTp be given at each
scheduled antenatal visit after the rst trimester. Despite this recent increase,
the proportion of women receiving one and two doses remains at 2010 levels,
having dropped between 2011 and 2012. The proportion of women receiving
IPTp varied across the continent, with 10 countries reporting more than 60%
of pregnant women receiving one or more doses and another nine countries
reporting more than 80% receiving one or more doses (Figure 3.7).
Figure 3.6 Proportion of pregnant women receiving IPTp, by dose,

At least 1 dose of IPTp
At least 2 doses of IPTp
At least 3 doses of IPTp
Proportion of pregnant women
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy

Source: WHO estimates using national malaria control programme reports and United Nations
population estimates
26

Figure 3.7 Proportion of pregnant women receiving at least one dose of IPTp,
>80%
6079%
4059%
2039%
<20%
No IPTp policy
Not applicable
The following country-years are shown in the map due to missing data for 2013 and 2014: Gabon
(2011), Somalia (2011), Sudan (2009).
Source: WHO estimates using national malaria control programme reports and United Nations
population estimates
Adoption and implementation of chemoprevention in children has been

limited. As of 2014, six of the 15 countries for which WHO recommends SMC
(Chad, the Gambia, Guinea, Mali, Niger and Senegal) had adopted the
policy, while another two outside the Sahel subregion Congo and Togo
also reported that the policy had been adopted. Additionally, there have
been reports of subnational SMC implementation taking place across the
subregion. Only one country, Chad, reported adoption of an IPTi policy in
2014. WHO recommended these interventions relatively recently: IPTi in 2010
and SMC in 2012. Over recent years, nancial resources for IPTi and SMC
have begun to materialize, which may help provide an adequate supply
of the required drugs and a trained workforce to reach those children who
would benet from these interventions.
Pilot implementation of the first malaria vaccine was recommended by WHO
advisory groups. The malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, received a positive scientic
opinion from the European Medicines Agency under Article 58 of Regulation
(EC) No 726/2004, indicating that, in their assessment, the quality of the vaccine
and the riskbenet prole is favourable from a regulatory perspective.
The vaccine requires administration of four doses, the rst three at monthly
intervals, and the fourth given 18 months after the third dose. During the 4-year
study period, in children aged 517 months who received the vaccine, efficacy
against clinical malaria was 39.0% (95% CI: 34.343.3%), and against severe
malaria was 31.5% (95% CI: 9.348.3%). Vaccine efficacy against all-cause
hospitalization was 14.9% (95% CI: 3.624.8%) (10). The extent to which the
protection demonstrated in the Phase 3 trial can be replicated in the context
of the routine health system is uncertain, especially given that implementing
a four-dose schedule may require new immunization contacts. SAGE and the
MPAC recommended that these issues be further assessed through large-scale
implementation projects. WHO has adopted these recommendations and is
now actively working with nancing bodies, and the malaria vaccine clinical
trials partnership (including PATH and GSK) to mobilise the nancial support
for the pilots, and to nalise design of the pilot implementation programme.
27
3.5 Diagnostic testing

The proportion of suspected malaria cases receiving a malaria diagnostic
test has increased steadily since 2005. Since 2010, WHO has recommended
that all persons with suspected malaria in all settings should undergo malaria
diagnostic testing, by either microscopy or rapid diagnostic test (RDT). The
proportion of suspected malaria cases receiving a parasitological test among
patients presenting for care in the public sector can be calculated from
information on diagnostic testing and malaria cases reported by NMCPs. The
global trend is dominated by countries in South-East Asia, particularly India,
which undertakes a high number of diagnostic tests. Three WHO regions
the Region of the Americas, the European Region and the South-East Asia
Region have had consistently high levels (at least 90% of suspected cases
tested) of malaria diagnostic testing since 2005. Malaria diagnostic testing
has increased steadily in the WHO Western Pacic Region and the WHO
Eastern Mediterranean Region in recent years. The WHO African Region has
had the largest increase in levels of malaria diagnostic testing, from 36%
of suspected malaria cases tested in 2005 to 41% in 2010, and 65% in 2014
(Figure 3.8). The increase in malaria diagnostic testing in the WHO African
Region is due mainly to an increase in the use of RDTs, which accounted
for 71% of diagnostic testing among suspected cases in 2014. More than 120
million slide examinations were undertaken in India in 2014 accounting for
29% of the global number of tests performed in 2014.
The level of malaria diagnostic testing is lower among febrile children
seeking care in the private sector than in the public sector. Data reported
by NMCPs provide information on diagnostic testing among patients of all
ages presenting for care in the public sector. Household surveys can provide
information on diagnostic testing among febrile children aged under 5 years
across all sources of care, including the private sector, which comprises a
range of providers offering various levels of training and services. The formal
private sector comprises private hospitals and clinics, whereas the informal
private sector comprises pharmacies, kiosks and traditional healers. Among
18 nationally representative surveys conducted in sub-Saharan Africa from
2013 to 2015, a higher proportion of febrile children sought care in the informal
private sector than in the formal private sector (Figure 3.9). The proportion of
Figure 3.8 Proportion of suspected malaria cases attending public health
facilities that received a diagnostic test, by WHO region, 20052014
World
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
Proportion of suspected malaria cases
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
European Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacic Region
28

febrile children who received a finger or heel stick, indicating that a malaria
diagnostic test was performed, was greater in the public sector (median:
53%; interquartile range [IQR]: 3557%) than in both the formal (median:
36%; IQR: 2054%) and the informal private sectors (median: 6%; IQR: 39%)
(Figure 3.10). Although diagnostic testing measured through household
surveys is not directly comparable to that reported by NMCPs, the proportion
of suspected malaria cases (of all ages) receiving a diagnostic test reported
by NMCPs between 2012 and 2014 (5365%) overlaps with the IQR of the
proportion of febrile children who received a malaria diagnostic test in the
public sector, as measured by household surveys in recent years (3557%).
Testing of suspected malaria cases has risen, with an increasing number of
RDTs supplied by manufacturers and distributed by NMCPs. Sales of RDTs
reported by manufacturers rose from fewer than 50 million globally in 2008
to 320 million in 2013, but dipped slightly to 314 million in 2014, mainly because
Figure 3.9 Proportion of febrile children presenting for treatment, by health
sector, sub-Saharan Africa, 20132015
Proportion of febrile children

presenting for treatment
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Public health
facility
Formal private
health care
Informal private
health care
Not seeking care

outside of home
Source: Nationally-representative household survey data from demographic and health surveys
and malaria indicator surveys
Figure 3.10 Proportion of febrile children receiving a blood test, by health

sector, sub-Saharan Africa, 20132015
100%

receiving a blood test
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Public health facility
Formal private health care
Informal private health care
29
of a reduction in sales outside of Africa (Figure 3.11). About 62% of these RDTs
were P. falciparumspecic tests, and 38% were combination tests that can
detect more than one species of the malaria parasite. RDT sales reported by
manufacturers represent global totals delivered to both public and private
health sectors; the proportion delivered by manufacturers to each sector in
each WHO region is not known. RDTs distributed by NMCPs represent tests in the
public sector, and have followed a similar trend to total global sales. They rose
from fewer than 30 million distributed in 2008 to nearly 175 million in 2013, then
dipped slightly to 163 million in 2014. The sale and distribution of RDTs will need
to increase if universal access to malaria diagnostic testing is to be achieved.
Although the number of RDTs distributed fell slightly, the quality of RDTs has
improved and remained high following an RDT product-testing programme
conducted by WHO, the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) and
the United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (22).
Figure 3.11 Number of RDTs sold by manufacturers and distributed by NMCPs,

by WHO region, 20052014
Manufacturer sales
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
2011
2012
RDTs distributed by NMCPs
350
RDTs (million)
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2008
2009
2010
2013
2014
European Region; NMCP, national malaria control programme; RDT, rapid diagnostic test;
SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western Pacic Region
Source: NMCP reports and data from manufacturers eligible for the WHO Foundation for
Innovative new Diagnostics/US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Malaria Rapid
Diagnostic Test Product Testing Program
Figure 3.12 Ratio of ACT treatment courses distributed to diagnostic tests

performed (RDTs or microscopy), WHO African Region, 20062014
Ratio (ACT/diagnostic test)
Test positivity rate

in 2014 = 44%
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; RDT, rapid diagnostic test

30
2014

The total number of ACT treatments distributed in the public sector is now
fewer than the number of malaria diagnostic tests provided in sub-Saharan
Africa. If the WHO policy of diagnostic testing for malaria before commencing
treatment with antimalarial medicines is followed, the total number of
diagnostic tests performed (through RDTs and microscopy) should exceed the
number of malaria treatments provided by a considerable margin (because
only test-positive patients should receive antimalarial treatments). Up until
2012, however, the number of tests undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa was less
than the number of antimalarial medicines distributed, indicating that many
patients were being treated with antimalarial medicines without receiving
a diagnostic test. The decreasing ratio of treatments to tests in the public
sector is an encouraging trend (Figure 3.12). However, there is still scope for
improvement because the ratio of treatments to tests should approximate the
test positivity rate, which is less than 44% across all countries in sub-Saharan
Africa. Efforts to increase the proportion of suspected malaria cases tested
start with appropriate RDT procurement.
3.6 Malaria treatment

The proportion of children in sub-Saharan Africa with P. falciparum malaria
receiving an ACT is estimated to have increased since 2000, but access
to treatment remains poor. Using (a) household survey data that identied
children with a recent fever who had a positive RDT and who received
antimalarial treatment; and (b) information on the number of ACT treatments
distributed by NMCPs, it is possible to estimate the proportion of children with
P. falciparum malaria who received an ACT or other antimalarial medicine.
This estimation is only possible in sub-Saharan Africa where there are sufficient
household surveys, but it is also most relevant in this region where childhood
malaria represents a substantial proportion of all cases. The proportion of
children aged under 5 years, with P. falciparum malaria and who received
an ACT, is estimated to have increased from less than 1% through 2005 to 16%
in 2014 (range: 1222%) (Figure 3.13). This proportion falls substantially short
of the target of universal access for malaria case management, as envisaged
in the GMAP. A primary reason is that a high proportion of children with fever
are not taken for care or use the informal private sector, where they are
Figure 3.13 Estimated proportion of children aged under 5 years with

confirmed P. falciparum malaria who received ACTs, sub-Saharan Africa,
20032014
Proportion of children with malaria
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: Malaria treatment model from the Center for Applied Malaria Research and Evaluation
(Tulane University), the Global Health Group (University of California, San Francisco) and the
Malaria Atlas Project (University of Oxford).
31
less likely to obtain ACTs for treatment (Figure 3.16). Of those that seek care,
a signicant proportion of antimalarial treatments are not ACT medicines
(Figure 3.15). Although MDG Indicator 6.8 is much less relevant after the
change in the diagnostic testing recommendation by WHO, it is possible to
estimate that the proportion of children aged under 5 years, with fever and
who are treated with appropriate antimalarial drugs, rose from 0% in 2000
to 13% in 2014. This trend is, however, difficult to interpret; the indicator is not
expected to reach 100% because not all fevers are due to malaria, and the
proportion of fevers due to malaria in sub-Saharan Africa has decreased
over time through improved malaria control (23).
The proportion of children treated with an ACT among all children treated
for malaria is increasing. Nationally representative household surveys
conducted between 2004 and 2015 indicate that an increasing proportion
of febrile children who receive an antimalarial medicine are treated with an
ACT (Figure 3.14). After ACT (median 47%, IQR: 2977%), SP (median 5%, IQR:
118%), quinine (median 6%, IQR: 39%), chloroquine (median 2%, IQR: 010%)
Figure 3.14 Proportion of febrile children who receive an ACT among those
who receive any antimalarial, sub-Saharan Africa, 20042015
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
20042006
20072009
20102012
Household survey years
20132015
Only shows results for a subset of countries which have had household surveys in the stated years
Figure 3.15 Proportion of febrile children receiving antimalarial treatments,

by type, sub-Saharan Africa, 2013-2015
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
ACT
Mono
AQ
CQ
SP
QN
Other
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; AQ, amodiaquine; CQ, chloroquine; Mono,

monotherapy; SP, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; QN, quinine
Only shows results for a subset of countries which have had household surveys in the stated
years
32

Figure 3.16 Proportion of febrile children who receive an ACT among those
who receive any antimalarial, by place where care was sought, sub-Saharan
Africa, 20132015
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Public health
facility
Formal private
health care
Informal private
health care
Not seeking care

outside of home
Only shows results for a subset of countries which have had household surveys in the stated years
and AQ (median 1%, IQR: 05%) were the next most commonly used medicines
during 20132015 (Figure 3.15). The proportion of antimalarial treatments
that were ACTs was lowest when care was sought from informal health-care
providers, such as market stallholders or itinerant vendors (Figure 3.16).
The increasing proportion of malaria cases treated with ACT can be linked
to the increasing numbers of ACT treatments delivered by manufacturers
and distributed by NMCPs. The number of ACT treatment courses procured
from manufacturers increased from 11 million in 2005 to 337 million in 2014
(Figure 3.17). The WHO African Region accounted for 98% of all manufacturer
deliveries of ACT in 2014, with more than half of the total being doses for
children. The number of ACT treatments delivered by manufacturers to the
public sector in 2014 (223 million) was lower than the number delivered in
2013; likewise, NMCPs distributed 169 million treatments in 2014 through
Figure 3.17 Number of ACT treatment courses distributed by NMCPs, by WHO region, and ACT treatment
courses delivered by manufacturers to the public and private* sector, 20052014
Public sector ACT deliveries
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
2010
2011
Private sector ACT deliveries

ACTs distributed by NMCPs
Treatment courses (million)
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2012
2013
2014
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean
Region; EUR, European Region; NMCP, national malaria control programme; RDT, rapid diagnostic test; SEAR, South-East Asia
Region; WPR, Western Pacific Region
*2010-2013 includes AMFm public and private sectors, 2014 includes Global Fund co-payment mechanism, public and private sectors
Source: NMCP reports and companies eligible for procurement by WHO/UNICEF
33
public sector facilities, approximately 20 million fewer than in 2013. The

discrepancy between manufacturer deliveries to the public sector and the
number distributed through public facilities can be accounted for, in part,
by incomplete reporting by NMCPs. However, the relationship between
manufacturer deliveries, NMCP distributions and the proportion of malaria
cases receiving ACT is not completely understood.
3.7 Effect of malaria prevention and treatment

measures on parasite prevalence and case incidence in
sub-Saharan Africa
The model used to estimate the number of malaria cases in many
sub-Saharan African countries can be used to examine the influence of
malaria interventions on changes in parasite prevalence and malaria
incidence. The model is based on parasite prevalence surveys undertaken
between 2000 and 2015, and on prospective studies that provide estimates
of the relationship between parasite prevalence and malaria case incidence
(Annex 1). It also incorporates ITN use, IRS, access to ACT within each country,
and a suite of environmental and sociodemographic covariates. During the
process of modelling, the effect of each intervention on declining parasite
prevalence was captured. By using the observed effect of each intervention,
estimation of the parasite prevalence under hypothetical scenarios without
interventions was possible. This no intervention scenario was then used to
estimate the total effect of interventions on both parasite prevalence and
incident malaria cases.
Based on the modelling of parasite prevalence and case incidence, it is
estimated that malaria interventions contributed to 76% of the reduction in
parasite prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa between 2000 and 2015, and 70%
of the reduced number of cases. Parasite prevalence among children aged
210 years is estimated to have decreased from 33% in 2000 (UI: 3135%)
to 16% in 2015 (UI: 1419%) (Figure 3.18). It is estimated that malaria control
interventions accounted for 76% of this decline, although intervention coverage
remains well below international targets for universal coverage. ITNs had the
largest effect, accounting for an estimated 50% (UI: 4653%) of the decline
Figure 3.18 Predicted time series of PfPR210 across endemic Africa with and
without interventions, 20002015
Actual PfPR
ITNs
ACTs
IRS
PfPR in the absence of IRS, ITNs and ACTs
35%
30%
PfPR210
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
2000 2001
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticidetreated mosquito net; PfPR, P. falciparum parasite rate
The red line shows the actual prediction and the dotted red line a counterfactual prediction
in a scenario without coverage by ITNs, ACT or IRS. The coloured regions indicate the relative
contribution of each intervention in reducing PfPR210 throughout the period.
Source: Malaria Atlas Project (18)
34

in PfPR since 2000. In general, ITNs have been present for longer and have
been implemented at higher levels of coverage than have other interventions.
ACT and IRS have also made important contributions to reducing parasite
prevalence, contributing to 14% (1118%) and 10% (812%) of the reductions,
respectively. While the primary role of ACT is averting severe disease and death,
prompt treatment can also reduce the incidence of uncomplicated cases.
These proportional contributions do not necessarily reect the comparative
effectiveness of different interventions; rather, they mainly indicate how early
and at what scale the different interventions were deployed. In total, it is
estimated that malaria control interventions in sub-Saharan Africa averted
663 million malaria cases (range: 542753 million) during 20012015,
representing 70% of the 943 million more cases that would have occurred had
incidence rates remained unchanged since 2000 (Figure 3.19). It is estimated
that 69% (UI: 6373%), 21% (1729%) and 10% (614%) of the 663 million fewer
cases attributable to interventions were due to ITNs, ACT and IRS, respectively.
Figure 3.19 Predicted cumulative number of malaria cases averted by interventions, sub-Saharan Africa,
20002015
Cases averted due to ITNs
Cases averted due to ACTs
Cases averted due to IRS
Total averted not attributable to IRS, ITNs, or ACTs

1000
Malaria cases averted (million)
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net
Source: Malaria Atlas Project (18) estimates of cases averted attributable to ITNs, ACTs, and IRS and WHO estimates of total cases
averted
35
4. Costs of malaria control

and cost savings
4.1 Investments in malaria control
Global financing for malaria control increased from an estimated
US$ 960 million in 2005 to US$ 2.5 billion in 2014. Of the total invested in
2014, international investments accounted for 78% (US$ 1.9 billion) and
governments of malaria endemic countries for 22% (US$ 550 million)
(Figure 4.1).
International funding for malaria control decreased by 8% between 2013
and 2014. This was primarily due to changes in the funding arrangements of
the Global Fund; notably, improved disbursement procedures that mitigate
surpluses of cash held by countries, country challenges for absorbing funds, a
transition to the Global Funds New Funding Model, which generated delays in
submission of funding requests; and changes in procurement arrangements,
including commodity payment upon delivery (24).
Domestic funding from NMCPs was estimated to have increased by 1%
between 2013 and 2014. Between 2013 and 2014, domestic contributions
were estimated to have decreased in three WHO regions the Region of
the Americas (-5%), the South-East Asia Region (-7%), and the European
Region (-8%) (Figure 4.2), while such contributions increased in the Western
Pacic Region (+22%), the Eastern Mediterranean Region (+5%) and the
Figure 4.1 Investments in malaria control activities by funding source, 20052014

NMCPs
Global Fund
World Bank
USA
UK
AMFm
Others
US$ (million)
3000
2000
1000
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
AMFm, Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria; Global Fund, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; NMCP, national
malaria control programme; UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America
Annual values have been converted to constant 2014 US$ using the gross domestic product (GDP) implicit price deator from the USA
in order to measure funding trends in real terms.
Source: ForeignAssistance.gov, Global Fund, NMCPs, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) creditor
reporting system (CRS), the World Bank Data Bank
36
4. Costs of malaria control and cost savings

African Region (+1%). Concurrently, international funding decreased in the
Eastern Mediterranean Region (50%), the European Region (-54%), the
South-East Asia Region (-11%) and the African Region (-7%), mainly reecting
lower funding from the Global Fund compared to 2013. In contrast, in the
Region of the Americas and the Western Pacic Region, international
funding increased by 6% and 9%, respectively, compared to 2013. Domestic
contributions represent the funding reported annually to WHO for the World
malaria report. Reported domestic funding generally underestimates total
domestic contributions to malaria control since it is generally restricted to
direct expenditures on malaria control activities by NMCPs; sometimes, only
money spent at central level is included, whereas regional and district level
resources used in malaria control are excluded. In addition, the reported
contributions often exclude resources used for malaria case management
at public health facilities, such as the costs of diagnosis and drugs, as well
as the costs of personnel and infrastructure needed to provide outpatient
and inpatient services. In some instances, malaria programmes may be
integrated with other disease control programmes, making it particularly
difficult to track expenditures for malaria alone.
Figure 4.2 Investments in malaria control activities by WHO region and funding source,
20052014
International donors
2000
NMCPs
NMCPs, excluding India
200
AMR
US$ (million)
US$ (million)
AFR
1500
1000
500
0
2005
150
100
50
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2005
200
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
US$ (million)
US$ (million)
EUR
150
100
50
0
150
100
50
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2005
200
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2014
WPR
150
US$ (million)
US$ (million)
2013
200
SEAR
100
50
0
2005
2014
200
EMR
2005
2013
150
100
50
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
AFR, African Region; AMFm, Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean
Region; EUR, European Region; Global Fund, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; NMCP, national malaria control
programme; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America; WPR, Western Pacic Region
Annual values have been converted to constant 2014 US$ using the GDP implicit price deator from the USA in order to measure
funding trends in real terms.
Source: ForeignAssistance.gov, Global Fund, NMCPs, OECD CRS, the World Bank Data Bank
37
Most of the international funding in 2014 was spent in the WHO African
Region. Of the US$ 1.9 billion disbursed by international sources, 82% was
directed to the WHO African Region, 13% to other regions and 5% to malaria
endemic areas for which no information on country or region was available.
In 2014, international donors were the most important source of funding for
malaria control activities in the WHO African Region, representing 91% of the
total amount spent that year, with the balance coming from domestic funding.
In other regions, domestic governments generally finance a higher share of
malaria control expenditures, reflecting both the ability of those countries to
fund their own programmes and their limited access to international funding
for malaria.
Spending on commodities rose 40-fold between 2004 and 2014, and
accounted for about 82% of recorded international malaria spending
in 2014. Spending on commodities can be estimated by considering
manufacturers sales volumes data for ITNs/LLINs, ACTs and RDTs, and the
number of people covered by IRS (as reported by NMCPs), and applying
average procurement prices of those commodities (see Annex 1 for more
details). Over the past 11 years, variations in commodity spending, notably
for ITNs/LLINs, have closely followed variations in global international
funding (with a lag of about a year), highlighting the influence of funding
availability for operationalizing malaria control activities (Figure 4.3).
Spending on malaria control commodities is estimated to have increased
40-fold over the past 11 years, from about US$ 40 million in 2004 to about
US$ 1.6 billion in 2014. ITNs/LLINs, ACTs, RDTs and IRS represented 82% of the
total amount spent by international sources on malaria control activities in
2014. The remainder probably includes in-country supply-chain costs such
as personnel, training, transport and storage. Of the commodities, ITNs/
LLINs were responsible for 63% of total spending (US$ 1 billion), followed
by ACTs (25%, US$ 403 million), RDTs (9%, US$ 151 million) and IRS (3%,
US$ 46 million).
4.2 Provider cost savings attributed to malaria control

activities
Reductions in malaria case incidence attributable to malaria control
activities are estimated to have saved about US$ 900 million on the
malaria case management costs in sub-Saharan Africa between 2001 and
2014. Savings from averting malaria cases and their treatment (see Annex 1)
can be estimated using estimates of the number of malaria cases that have
been averted by malaria control activities since 2000 (see Section 3.7), data
on treatment-seeking behaviour, parasitological diagnosis and treatment
coverage, and data from the WHO-CHOICE database on the cost of an
outpatient visit and an inpatient stay. Of the cases averted since 2000, it is
estimated that 263 million cases would have sought care in the public sector,
translating into US$ 900 million saved on malaria case management costs in
sub-Saharan Africa between 2001 and 2014. Of the US$ 900 million saved,
ITNs/LLINs contributed the largest savings of US$ 610 million (68%), followed
by ACTs (156 million, 17%) and IRS (134 million, 15%). These estimates consider
only savings to health services and exclude savings to households.
38
4. Costs of malaria control and cost savings

Figure 4.3 Expenditures on ITN/LLIN, ACT, RDT and IRS, and trend in international funding, 20042014
ITN/LLIN
ACT
RDT
2009
2010
2011
IRS
International funding
2500
US$ (million)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2012
2013
2014
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net; LLIN, long-lasting
insecticidal net; RDT, rapid diagnostic test
Annual values have been converted to constant 2014 US$ using the GDP implicit price deflator from the USA in order to measure
funding/spending trends in real terms.
Source: Sales volumes of RDTs and ACTs reported to WHO by manufacturers as per Sections 3.5 and 3.6; net mapping project for
ITNs/LLINs; NMCP data for IRS as per Section 3.2; Management Science for Health International Price Indicator Guide, the United
States President's Malaria Initiative and the Global Fund Price and Quality Reporting Tool for commodity procurement prices. Total
international funding data sources as per Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.4 Provider savings in malaria case management costs attributable to expansion of malaria control
activities, 20012014
Savings in diagnostics and treatment
Savings in patient care delivery services
200
US$ (million)
150
100
50
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Annual values have been converted to constant 2014 US$ using the GDP implicit price deflator from the USA in order to measure savings
trends in real terms.
Source: Data on malaria cases averted as per Section 2.3. Data on treatment-seeking behaviour, parasitological diagnosis and
treatment coverage as per Sections 3.5 and 3.6. WHO-CHOICE database on price estimates for outpatient care visit and inpatient bed
stay; Management Science for Health International Drug Price Indicator Guide and Global Fund Price and Quality Reporting Tool for
commodity prices.
39
5. Challenges
5.1 Continuing disease burden
Malaria remains a major public health problem in many countries of
the world. Despite the progress in reducing malaria cases and deaths, it
is estimated that 214 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide in 2015
(95% UI: 149303 million), leading to 438 000 malaria deaths (95% UI:
263 000635 000) (Section 2. 1).
More than 80% of estimated malaria cases and deaths occur in fewer than
20 countries. In 2015, it is estimated that 15 countries accounted for 80% of
cases, and 15 countries accounted for 78% of deaths (Figure 5.1). The global
burden of mortality is dominated by countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria together accounting for more
than 35% of the global total of estimated malaria deaths.
Rates of decline in malaria incidence and mortality are slower in highburden countries. The decreases in case incidence and mortality rates
have been most rapid in countries that had the smallest number of cases
in 2000, and slowest in countries that had the largest initial malaria burden
(Figure 5.2). The overall decrease in malaria incidence (32%) between 2000
and 2015 in the 15 countries that accounted for 80% of cases lags behind
that in the other countries (53%). Reductions in incidence need to be greatly
accelerated in these countries if global progress is to be improved.
Figure 5.1 Estimated proportion, and cumulative proportion, of the global number of (a) malaria cases and
(b) malaria deaths in 2015 for countries accounting for the highest share of the malaria disease burden
Proportion
(a)
0%
40
(b)
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
Nigeria
Nigeria
Democratic Republic of the Congo
India
India
Uganda
Mali
Mozambique
United Republic of Tanzania
Cte dIvoire
Mozambique
Mali
Burkina Faso
Ghana
Angola
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Kenya
Ghana
Cameroon
Uganda
Niger
Niger
Kenya
Indonesia
Guinea
Guinea
Cameroon
Cumulative proportion
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
5. Challenges
Figure 5.2 Reduction in malaria incidence 20002015 versus estimated number
of cases in a country in 2000
Percentage reduction
100
80
60
40
20
0
<1000
100010 000
10 000100 000
100 0001 000 000
>1 000 000
Estimated number of cases in 2000

Two countries with increases (negative decreases) have been excluded from the chart.
5.2. Gaps in programme coverage

Despite impressive gains in malaria intervention coverage, millions of people
still do not receive the services they need. Based on the results presented in
Section 3 of this report, it can be estimated that, in sub-Saharan Africa in 2014,
some 269 million of the 834 million people at risk of malaria lived in households
without a single ITN or IRS; 15 million of the 28 million pregnant women at risk
did not receive a single dose of IPTp; and between 68 and 80 million of the
92 million children with malaria did not receive ACT (Figure 5.3). To identify
how these gaps can be lled, it is useful to understand where the bottlenecks
in service delivery occur (25). The types of gaps and the problems to be
addressed vary, depending on the intervention. The analysis presented below
represents a continental picture. The bottlenecks and factors responsible may
vary among countries, and subnationally; hence, it is important to understand
which gaps need to be addressed in different settings.
Figure 5.3 Proportion and number of people not receiving an intervention,

Receive intervention
Vector control:
Live in a household
with at least one ITN
or covered by IRS
Do not receive
269 million people
IPTp: Pregnant
women receive
at least one dose
of IPTp
15 million pregnant women
Treatment for malaria:

Children with malaria
receive an ACT
6880 million children with malaria
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Proportion of population needing intervention
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment in

pregnancy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net
Source: Insecticide-treated mosquito net coverage model from the Malaria Atlas Project,
with further analysis by WHO; WHO estimates of IPTp coverage using NMCP reports and
United Nations population estimates; malaria treatment model from the Malaria Atlas Project
(University of Oxford), Center for Applied Malaria Research and Evaluation (Tulane University),
Global Health Group (University of California, San Francisco)
41
Lack of access to an ITN or IRS remains the principal barrier to protection

from mosquito bites. Only 53% of the 834 million people at risk of malaria
in sub-Saharan Africa in 2014 sleep under an ITN or live in a household that
has received IRS (Figure 5.4). A principal reason why 44% of the population
is not protected from mosquito bites is that just 63% of the population at risk
has access to an ITN within the household (or IRS). Of the 37% without access
to an ITN or IRS, 18% live in households that had no ITNs; the remainder live in
households with an insufficient number of ITNs for all occupants. While the use
of available ITNs may need to be addressed in some settings (to address the
gap between access to an ITN and sleeping under it), the principal bottleneck
in ensuring that all people at risk of malaria are protected from mosquito
bites is access to interventions. In 2014, 189 million ITNs were delivered to
sub-Saharan countries, more than in any previous year, and 154 million were
delivered in the rst three quarters of 2015. Continued efforts are needed to
extend the availability of both ITN and IRS programmes, to ensure universal
access to vector control and its benets.
Missed opportunities to deliver IPTp during ANC visits continue to be
a problem. Data reported by NMCPs, in agreement with nationally
representative household surveys, indicate that a high proportion of pregnant
women in sub-Saharan Africa attend antenatal care (median: 91%; IQR:
62100%) (Figure 5.5). However, much lower proportions go on to receive the
rst dose of IPTp (median: 64%; IQR: 3074%), the second dose (median: 45%;
IQR: 2257%) and the third dose (median: 21%; IQR: 1129%). The difference
between the proportion of women attending ANC clinics and the proportion
receiving the rst and subsequent doses of IPTp suggests a number of missed
opportunities to deliver IPTp at these clinics.
Figure 5.4 Population at risk of malaria in

sub-Saharan Africa with access to or using
vector control, 2014
Figure 5.5 Proportion of pregnant women attending

ANC and proportion receiving IPTp, by dose, in
100%
80%
Proportion of pregnant women
100%
60%
40%
20%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Total
population
Live in
household
with at least
one ITN or
protected by IRS
Have access to
an ITN
in household
or protected
by IRS
Slept under
an ITN
or protected
by IRS
Source: National malaria control programme reports,

insecticide-treated mosquito net coverage model from Malaria
Atlas Project, with further analysis by WHO
42
0%
At least
one ANC visit
At least
1 dose of IPTp
At least
2 doses of IPTp
At least
3 doses of IPTp
ANC, antenatal care; IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment in

pregnancy
Source: National malaria control programme reports and United
Nations population estimates
5. Challenges
Multiple gaps exist in providing universal access to diagnostic testing and
treatment. In sub-Saharan Africa, the low proportion of children with malaria
who do not receive a diagnostic test or ACT is due to several factors. First,
a large proportion of febrile children are not brought for care (median 35%:
IQR 2441% among 18 household surveys conducted in sub-Saharan Africa
20132015) (Figure 5.6). This may be because of poor access to health-care
providers or because of a lack of awareness among caregivers regarding
necessary care for febrile children. Second, a signicant proportion of
febrile children seek care in the informal private sector (e.g. pharmacies
and shops). In these facilities, rates of malaria diagnostic testing are low
and ACT treatments are less likely to be available, or carers are less able
to afford them. Even if children are taken to a formal health-care provider
(e.g. a health facility or a community health worker), they may not receive
a diagnostic test or appropriate antimalarial treatment the provider may
have inadequate stocks or the patient may be unable to afford any charges
for medicines. Efforts are needed to close these gaps in access by (i) further
encouraging caregivers to bring febrile children to care, (ii) ensuring that
well trained and well equipped health-care providers are available, and (iii)
ensuring that children receive appropriate treatment when care is sought.
This can be accomplished by expanding the number of public health-care
providers, improving the quality of care in the public and private sector, and
expanding malaria diagnosis and treatment at the community level.
Figure 5.6 Proportion of febrile children aged under 5 years receiving

antimalarial medicines, by place of where care was sought, among subSaharan countries with household surveys, 20132015
Received ACT
Received other antimalarial
Did not receive antimalarial
50%
Median proportion
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Public sector
Private sector
Not seeking care
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy

43
5.3 Weaknesses in health systems

The ability to fill gaps in intervention coverage is constrained by weaknesses
in health systems in countries with the greatest malaria burden. Malaria
predominates in countries with weaker health systems, as demonstrated,
for example, by the negative relationship between the estimated number of
malaria cases and the number of nurses per capita (Figure 5.7). Accordingly,
the proportion of malaria patients that seek care at public sector health
facilities is lower in countries with a higher estimated number of malaria cases
(Figure 5.8a). In contrast, the proportion of patients with suspected malaria
who seek care in the private sector increases with the estimated number of
cases in a country (Figure 5.8b). The ability of malaria endemic countries to
strengthen health systems depends on many factors, including a countrys
physical infrastructure, educational systems, policies surrounding the role of
the public sector, and the ability to finance expansion of the sector. Countries
with high numbers of malaria cases usually have low gross national incomes
(Figure 5.9) and low domestic spending per capita on health and malaria
control (Figure 5.10a). International spending on malaria control is more evenly
distributed in relation to malaria burden, but a large proportion of this funding
is spent on commodities (Section 4.1) and does not address fundamental
weaknesses in health systems. Hence, innovative ways of providing services
may be required to rapidly expand access to malaria interventions, particularly
diagnostic testing and treatment. Such innovations will require communitybased approaches and engagement with private sector providers.
Malaria continues to pose a serious economic burden on health systems.
Since 2001 in sub-Saharan Africa, malaria is estimated to have cost every year,
on average, nearly US$ 300 million for case management alone (Figure. 5.11).
Malaria case incidence has decreased in sub-Saharan Africa since 2001,
leading to lower costs than would otherwise have occurred (Section 4.2).
However, the increasing coverage in diagnostic testing and ACT has required
additional resources to allow countries to adequately manage cases. In 2014,
of the US$ 330 million spent on case management, about 77% was spent on
resources used for patient care service delivery and 23% on commodities
for diagnosis and treatment. Given that malaria is concentrated in countries
with comparatively low national incomes, the cost of malaria treatment is
disproportionately borne by the most resource-constrained countries, with
most spending for patient care generally supported by governments of malaria
endemic countries.
Figure 5.11 Estimated spending on malaria treatment, sub-Saharan Africa,
20012014
Spending on diagnostics and treatment
Spending on patient care delivery services

Savings from malaria control interventions
600
US$ (million)
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Annual values have been converted to constant 2014 US$ using the GDP implicit price deflator
from the USA in order to measure spending/savings trends in real terms.
Source: Data on malaria cases as per section 2.1 and on malaria cases averted as per Section 2.3.
Data on treatment-seeking behaviour, parasitological diagnosis and treatment coverage as per
Sections 3.5 and 3.6. WHO-CHOICE database on price estimates for outpatient care visit and
inpatient bed stay; Management Science for Health International Drug Price Indicator Guide and
Global Fund Price and Quality Reporting Tool for commodity prices.
44
5. Challenges
Figure 5.7 Number of nurses per 1000 population in
malaria endemic countries versus estimated number
of malaria deaths*
AFR
AMR
EMR
SEAR
AFR
WPR
Gross national income per capita
10
Nurses
Figure 5.9 Gross national income per capita versus

estimated number of malaria cases, by WHO region,
2015
0
1
10
100
1000
10 000
100 000
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
100 000
10 000
1000
0
1
1 000 000 10 000 000 100 000 000
10
100
1000
10 000
100 000
1 000 000
10 000 000 100 000 000
Estimated number of malaria cases, 2015
Estimated number of malaria deaths, 2015
* Year of observation varies by country, ranging between 2005 and 2012

AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western
Pacific Region
Source: WHO estimates and the World Bank Data Bank
(a)
(b)
100%
100%
Proportion of malaria cases
Proportion of malaria cases
Figure 5.8 Proportion of malaria cases seeking care (a) in public sector and (b) private sector versus
estimated number of malaria cases, sub-Saharan Africa, 2015
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100
1000
10 000
100 000
1 000 000
100
10 000 000 100 000 000
1000
10 000
100 000
1 000 000
10 000 000 100 000 000
Source: WHO estimates and nationally-representative household survey data from demographic and health surveys and malaria
indicator surveys
Figure 5.10 (a) Domestic government spending on malaria control per capita and (b) international
government spending on malaria control per capita versus estimated number of malaria deaths,
by WHO region, 2015
AFR
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
100
10
1
0.10
0.01
10
100
1000
10 000
100 000
1 000 000 10 000 000 100 000 000
(b)
International spending per capita (US$)
Domestic spending per capita (US$)
(a)
1000
AFR
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
1000
100
10
1
0.10
0.01
10
100
1000
10 000
100 000
1 000 000 10 000 000 100 000 000
AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR, Western
Pacific Region
Source: WHO estimates and the World Bank Data Bank
Source: ForeignAssistance.gov, Global Fund and OECD creditor
reporting system
45
5.4 Plasmodium vivax malaria

P. vivax malaria is a significant public health issue in many parts of the
world. P. vivax is estimated to have been responsible for 13.8 million malaria
cases globally in 2015, and accounted for approximately half the total number
of malaria cases outside Africa (Table 5.1, Figure 5.12). Most cases of P. vivax
malaria occur in the WHO South-East Asian Region (74%), followed by the
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (11%) and the WHO African Region (10%)
(Figure 5.13). More than 80% of P. vivax malaria cases are estimated to occur
in three countries (Ethiopia, India and Pakistan).
Control of P. vivax faces special challenges. In many areas where P. vivax
malaria is common, mosquitoes bite early in the evening, obtain blood meals
outdoors and rest outdoors. Therefore, ITNs and IRS may be less effective
in reducing the transmission of P. vivax parasites. Blood-stage infections of
P. vivax often occur with low parasite densities, and can be missed using
routine microscopy or RDTs. Moreover, the dormant hypnozoite stage in
liver cells, which can cause multiple relapses, is undetectable with current
diagnostic methods. In some areas, relapses may account for a large
proportion of incident P. vivax cases. Only one option, primaquine, is available
to treat the liver stage responsible for relapses. Primaquine requires a 14-day
treatment course to which patients may not fully adhere. Primaquine is
also contraindicated in patients with severe forms of glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deciency, and cannot be given to pregnant women
or children aged under 6 months. In addition, currently available G6PD tests
are generally not suitable for use in peripheral health facilities, where most
patients rst seek treatment.
P. vivax predominates in countries that are prime candidates for malaria
elimination. Because of the difficulty in controlling P. vivax, its incidence has
decreased more slowly than that of P. falciparum where the two species coexist.
P. vivax may then persist as the principal cause of malaria and pose the main
challenge to malaria elimination. Indeed, it predominates in countries with the
lowest incidence of malaria, accounting for more than 70% of cases in countries
with fewer than 5000 reported cases each year (Figure 5.14).
Table 5.1 Estimated number of malaria cases and deaths due to P. vivax, by WHO region, 2015
Estimated P. vivax cases
WHO region
Estimate
Lower
Upper
1 400
300
3 000
1%
500
400
600
1 500
1 200
2 100
South-East Asia
10 000
7 000
15 000
Western Pacic
200
100
World
13 800
Outside sub-Saharan
Africa
12 300
African
Americas
Eastern Mediterranean
European
46
% of total cases
Estimated P. vivax deaths

Estimate
% of total deaths
Lower
Upper
500
50
1 900
0%
71%
140
50
500
25%
40%
450
110
1 800
6%
50%
3 500
1 200
10 300
11%
400
16%
80
20
240
3%
10 300
18 400
6%
4 700
1 400
14 900
1%
9 000
16 800
51%
4 100
1 400
12 900
11%
5. Challenges
Figure 5.12 Proportion of estimated malaria cases in each region due to

P. vivax, 2015
100%
Proportion of cases
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
AFR
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
Outside Africa
World
Figure 5.13 Proportion of global P. vivax cases occurring in each WHO region
AFR
2%
AMR
EMR
SEAR
WPR
10%
3%
11%
74%
Figure 5.14 Proportion of reported malaria cases due to P. vivax, countries

with different average caseloads between 2000 and 2014
100%
Proportion of cases
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
5 000 000 +
500 0015 000 000
50 001500 000
500150 000
5015000
0500
Average number of cases 20002014
47
Severe cases and deaths due to P. vivax malaria have been reported from
all endemic regions. The population-attributable risks of severe disease
or death from P. vivax malaria have rarely been estimated. Data from a
prospective, population-based study in Indonesia; routine case and death
reporting in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela; and data on P. vivax morbidity
and mortality in travellers from non-endemic countries reveal case fatality
rates (CFRs) ranging from 0% to 0.089% (weighted average: 0.059%), with
a fourfold difference between Colombia (0.012%) and Indonesia (0.063%).
If CFRs lie between the values for Colombia and Indonesia, then, based on
the 13.8 million estimated P. vivax cases in 2015, the total number of malaria
deaths that could be attributed to P. vivax in 2015 is between 1400 and
14 900 globally. Similarly, the number of deaths from P. vivax malaria outside
sub-Saharan Africa in 2013 is estimated at between 1400 and 12 900 (i.e.
between 4% and 39% of the total number of deaths outside sub-Saharan
Africa). A clearer picture of severe P. vivax malaria is emerging, but further
research is required to rene existing knowledge of the spectrum of
syndromes and their risks of severe morbidity and mortality.
5.5 Resistance to insecticides

The effectiveness of insecticide-based vector control is threatened as
malaria mosquitoes develop resistance to the insecticides used in ITNs and
IRS. Current efforts in global malaria control rely heavily on a single insecticide
class: pyrethroids. This is the only class of insecticides used in LLINs. Pyrethroids
are also applied in many IRS programmes (although three other insecticide
classes are used too). Insecticide resistance has therefore developed, and has
increased in distribution and intensity. However, to date, there has been no
reported failure with the use of LLINs. Mosquito and human habits, such as
outdoor biting during late-night human activity, can also reduce the exposure
of vectors to treated nets and sprayed walls. Because ITNs and IRS play
such a key role in malaria control programmes, these biological threats can
potentially compromise the signicant gains achieved through malaria vector
control, and thus limit further success.
Despite the huge investments in ITNs and IRS, many countries do not conduct
routine malaria vector surveillance, including for insecticide resistance. Among
the 97 countries that reported adopting policies for vector control with ITNs or
IRS, only 52 reported resistance data for 2014. Of these, 32 had reported data
for the preceding 2 years. Few countries consistently test all major vector species
from all eco-epidemiological zones using each of the four main insecticide
classes, even if the class has been used for vector control (Figure 5.15). With few
exceptions, vector bionomics, including ecology and behaviour, are not routinely
assessed. Only one third of reporting countries had a national vector database,
and those available vary in completeness and quality. In 2014, WHO established
a system for streamlining data collation to strengthen national databases and
track insecticide resistance regionally and globally. Ongoing challenges at the
national level include insufficient entomological capacity (both human and
infrastructural) to conduct entomological surveillance, incomplete reporting
and limited data sharing, and inadequate information on vector species and
resistance mechanisms. Entomological data concerning each major species is
critical to track changes over time and among and within areas to guide locally
appropriate vector control.
Insecticide resistance, especially to pyrethroids, is widespread in malaria
vectors. Of the 78 countries reporting any monitoring data since 2010,
60 reported resistance to at least one insecticide in one malaria vector
from one collection site, and 49 countries reported resistance to insecticides
from two or more insecticide classes. Pyrethroid resistance was the most
commonly reported; in 2014, three quarters of the countries monitoring this
insecticide class reported resistance (Figure 5.16).
48
5. Challenges
Figure 5.15 Insecticide resistance and monitoring status, by insecticide class and WHO region, 20102014
Resistance reported
Resistance not reported
Not monitored
50
Number of countries
40
30
20
10
0
AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR WPR AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR WPR AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR WPR AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR WPR
Pyrethroids
Organochlorine (DDT)
Carbamates
Organophosphates
Reported use of class for malaria vector control, 2014

ITNs
IRS
42
11
19
9
8
4
3
3
10
7
10
6
AFR, African Region; AMR, Region of the Americas; DDT, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane; EMR, Eastern Mediterranean Region;
EUR, European Region; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net; SEAR, South-East Asia Region; WPR,
Western Pacic Region
Source: National malaria control programme reports, African Network for Vector Resistance, Malaria Atlas Project, Presidents
Malaria Initiative (United States), scientific publications
Figure 5.16 Reported pyrethroid resistance status of malaria vectors, measured with insecticide bioassays
since 2010
Resistance status
O Conrmed resistance
O Possible resistance
Control
O Susceptible
Not endemic or no ongoing malaria transmission
Pre-elimination
Elimination
Prevention of reintroduction
Not applicable
Data shown are for standard bioassays. Where multiple insecticide classes or types, mosquito species or time points were tested, the
highest resistance status is shown.
Source: National malaria control programme reports, African Network for Vector Resistance, Malaria Atlas Project, Presidents
Malaria Initiative (United States), scientific publications.
New tools to address mosquito resistance to insecticides are mostly in the early
stages of development and evaluation. Tools include two LLINs and one IRS
formulation with new classes of insecticides. In certain settings, pyrethroid LLINs
that include a synergist to potentially improve efficacy against resistant vectors
are available. However, the operational conditions for deployment of these
new tools have not been established. Monitoring of LLIN durability and residual
transmission will further inform tool development and deployment. Mobilizing
resources is the key to adopting alternative tools for malaria vector control.
49
5.6 Antimalarial drug efficacy and resistance

Antimalarial drug resistance has substantial implications for malaria
control and global public health. Historically, the emergence of chloroquine
resistance in the 1970s and 1980s in Africa was associated with increased
hospital admissions and mortality at the community level. Antimalarial drug
resistance has also been associated with increased risk of anaemia and low
birth weight, and with malaria epidemics and increased transmission (26).
While the economic costs are difficult to quantify, the development and
spread of resistance to antimalarial medicines has signicantly increased
the global cost of controlling malaria over time, given that new drugs must
be continually developed to replace medicines that have become ineffective.
In addition, patients for whom treatment has failed require repeated
consultations at health facilities for further diagnosis and treatment, resulting
in lost work days, absences from school, and increased costs to the health
system. WHO maintains a global antimalarial drug efficacy database;
data from therapeutic efficacy studies, conducted by NMCPs and other
researchers, forms the basis of the following discussion (see Annex 1 for
further details).
P. falciparum resistance to artemisinins has now been detected in ve
countries in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS): Cambodia, Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam (27). Despite the
observed changes in parasite sensitivity, which manifest in the form of
delayed parasite clearance, patients continue to respond to combination
treatment, provided the partner drug remains effective. However, slow
parasite clearance in patients treated with ACT causes more parasites to
be exposed to the partner medicine alone, increasing the risk of developing
resistance to the partner medicine. If resistance develops to the partner
drug, treatment failures with ACT are likely to increase, as has already been
observed in some areas. In addition, failure to rapidly clear parasites could
compromise the use of artemisinin for the treatment of severe malaria.
The efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) in Africa remains high.
Studies conducted in the past 5 years showed treatment failure rates of
less than 10% in all 25 countries in which the policy is ASAQ as the rst- or
second-line treatment. The treatment efficacy of ASAQ should continue to be
monitored in these countries.
Artesunate-meoquine (ASMQ) requires vigilant monitoring in SouthEast Asia and South America. ASMQ is the currently recommended rstor second-line treatment in ve countries in South America (Bolivia, Brazil,
Nicaragua, Peru and Venezuela) and four countries in South-East Asia
(Cambodia, Malaysia, Myanmar and Thailand). In South America, the median
treatment failure rates remain at 0%. High treatment failure rates with ASMQ
in Cambodia and Thailand led both countries to change their treatment
policy to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in 2010 and 2015, respectively.
More recently, in Cambodia, a reversal in MQ resistance was detected
through therapeutic efficacy studies and molecular marker surveillance. This
nding led to the decision to reinstate ASMQ as the rst-line treatment in
some areas. All countries and areas in which treatment with ASMQ is the
national policy are encouraged to continue to monitor its efficacy, including
the trend of pfmdr1 copy number (the marker of meoquine resistance), and
to review their malaria treatment policies accordingly.
The efficacy of artesunate-SP (ASSP) is compromised in areas with
resistance to SP. Currently, nine countries in the Middle East, eastern Africa
and India have recommended ASSP as their rst-line treatment (Afghanistan,
Djibouti, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Somalia,
Sudan and Yemen). In all seven of the countries for which data were available,
50
5. Challenges
the median treatment failure rate was less than 2%. However, studies have
found elevated treatment failure rates in certain areas; for example, in
Somalia, a failure rate of 22.2% was observed during a therapeutic efficacy
study conducted in 2011. Similarly, the treatment failure rates in Sudan
have increased from 5.3% in 2005 to 9.4% in 2011. In north-east India near
the Myanmar border, treatment failure rates between 19% and 25.9% were
observed in three studies conducted in 2012, leading to a change in treatment
policy in this region to artemether-lumefantrine (AL). Molecular studies of
Pfdhfr and Pfdhps in Somalia indicate that treatment failures are related
to resistance to SP, in the absence of artemisinin resistance. It is well known
that resistance to antifolates emerges rapidly, and reductions in resistance
are rare. In India, Somalia and Sudan, treatment failures are associated with
Pfdhfr and Pfdhps quadruple and quintuple mutants. These mutations are still
rare in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
The efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in Africa and South America
remains high. Currently, 40 countries in Africa and six countries in South
America are using AL as their rst- or second-line treatment. Isolated
studies conducted between 2006 and 2013 have shown treatment failure
rates above 10% in Angola, Burkina Faso, the Gambia, Ghana, Malawi,
the Niger, Nigeria and Zimbabwe; however, these rates are likely to be
outliers, because treatment failure rates have generally remained below 10%.
In South America, all studies conducted between 2005 and 2011 in Brazil,
Colombia, Ecuador and Suriname reported treatment failure rates of less
than 5% following treatment with AL. As with ASAQ, continued monitoring of
the treatment efficacy of AL in these countries is recommended.
The efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) is vulnerable
in areas with existing piperaquine resistance. Currently, seven countries in
South-East Asia and the Western Pacic are recommending DHA-PPQ as
their rst- or second-line treatment (Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Myanmar,
Papua New Guinea, Thailand and Viet Nam). An increase in treatment failure
was observed in Cambodia in 2010, following a change in national policy to
treatment with DHA-PPQ. The median treatment failure rate in Cambodia
between 2005 and 2014 was 8.1%, with 11 studies observing treatment failure
rates exceeding 10%. In China and Viet Nam, no treatment failures were
observed, while Myanmar had a median treatment failure rate of 1.3%.
A molecular marker of artemisinin resistance was recently identied.
Mutations in the Kelch 13 (K13) propeller region are associated with delayed
parasite clearance, both in vitro and in vivo. The identication of the K13
marker for artemisinin resistance has allowed a more rened denition of
resistance that includes information on the genotype. However, as research
on mutations associated with artemisinin resistance is still evolving, the
denition of artemisinin resistance may require further modication. So
far, 186 K13 alleles, including 108 non-synonymous mutations, have been
reported.
Treatment or prophylactic failure with chloroquine for P. vivax malaria has
been observed in 24 countries. Treatment failure with chloroquine on or
before day 28, or prophylactic failure with chloroquine, has been observed
in 24 countries: Afghanistan, Brazil, Bolivia, Cambodia, China, Colombia,
Ethiopia, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Myanmar,
Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Republic of Korea (after treatment
with hydroxychloroquine), the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
Timor-Leste, Turkey, Vanuatu and Viet Nam (28). At least one true case of
chloroquine resistance (with whole blood concentrations of chloroquine plus
desethylchloroquine >100 ng/mL on the day of failure) has been conrmed in
10 countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua
New Guinea, Peru, the Solomon Islands and Thailand. ACT provides effective
treatment against P. vivax, with the exception of treatment with artesunate
51
plus SP; in this case, resistance to the partner drug may signicantly
compromise efficacy against P. vivax. Partner drugs may offer temporary
resolution of symptoms, but relapses commonly follow unless primaquine
is given. For example, relapses occur earlier following treatment with AL
than with DHA-PPQ or ASMQ, for parasites with short latency relapses,
because lumefantrine is eliminated more rapidly than is either meoquine
or piperaquine.
5.7 Disease outbreaks

Although malaria cases and deaths have declined globally, rates of decline
have varied and certain areas have shown increases in reported malaria
cases. Substantial progress has been made in controlling malaria in each
WHO region. Nevertheless, populations remain vulnerable to increases in
numbers of cases, especially if efforts to control malaria are reduced, or
there are climatic conditions that favour malaria transmission, or there are
population movements that increase importation of malaria. NMCPs need
to be constantly vigilant to ensure that the progress they have made is not
reversed. If a control programme is weakened or abandoned, devastating
outbreaks or epidemics can occur. The vast majority of resurgences in the
past 80 years (91%) have been due, at least in part, to weakening of malaria
control efforts, with resource constraints being the most commonly identied
factor (57%) (29).
The threat of resurgent malaria is present across all settings. An increased
number of cases has recently been reported from a number of countries,
including Cambodia, Djibouti, Madagascar, Uganda and Venezuela
(Bolivarian Republic of). Greater awareness of this threat and development of
systems to minimize it are key to further progress in malaria control. Adequate
resources are needed to increase (or to maintain high levels of) intervention
coverage, to reduce the risk of increases in malaria cases. Well developed
systems for surveillance of interventions and malaria disease are necessary
to detect changes in disease incidence and possible cause. The accuracy,
completeness and timeliness of reporting of surveillance data needs to be
monitored, to ensure that systems will detect increases in cases; also, there is
a need for mechanisms that will ensure rapid delivery of intensied control
measures when such increases are detected.
5.8 Other challenges

Additional challenges may arise or may assume greater importance as the
malaria burden is further reduced. Sections 5.15.7 highlighted some of the
long-standing challenges that must be overcome if the malaria burden is to
be further decreased. The list is not exhaustive, and further challenges may
arise or may assume greater importance in the future, as the malaria burden
is further reduced. For example, as malaria incidence falls, the disease often
becomes increasingly concentrated in marginalized population groups,
including high-risk occupational groups; ethnic, religious and political
minorities; and communities living in hard-to-reach areas and border
regions. Provision of services to these groups may be more difficult and more
costly due to infrastructural challenges, security concerns, language barriers,
traditional beliefs and political considerations. Moreover, as the incidence
of malaria is reduced, naturally acquired immunity to the disease wanes.
Consequently, although new infections are less likely to occur, these infections
can rapidly lead to illness, which can be severe, and can more easily spread
via the mosquito vector from one person to another.
52
5. Challenges
Another important challenge is that many people who are infected with
malaria parasites remain asymptomatic or undiagnosed and are therefore
invisible to the health system. Further, in some settings the density of
parasitaemia is so low in a substantial proportion of individuals that it cannot
be detected with current routine diagnostic tools. These people unwittingly
contribute to the cycle of malaria transmission. If future disease control and
elimination strategies are to succeed, they will need to take into account this
large infectious parasite reservoir.
In some situations transmission of malaria parasites can continue even when
universal coverage with insecticidal nets or spraying has been achieved,
such as when mosquitoes bite in the early evening, or where they are outdoor
biting or resting. Consequently, they can evade the most frequently used
vector control interventions, and maintain transmission of malaria. Such
residual malaria transmission becomes increasingly important to tackle as
vector control coverage increases.
To overcome the range of challenges that malaria control programmes
face, it will be necessary to develop new tools and strategies for delivering
interventions. Malaria control programmes in 2015 are deploying tools such
as LLINs, RDTs and ACT that were not available in 2000. Similar innovation
and wide-scale deployment of new tools will be required in the next 15 years
for malaria programmes to advance further and overcome the challenges
they currently face.
53
6. Moving forward
To address remaining and emerging challenges, WHO developed a Global
technical strategy for malaria 20162030. The strategy was developed
under the guidance of a Steering Committee that comprised leading
malaria technical experts, scientists and country representatives. Oversight
was provided by the MPAC. During the strategy development process,
WHO consulted all affected countries through a series of seven regional
consultations and, in JulyAugust 2014, held a public web consultation. The
strategy was developed in close alignment with the RBM Partnerships Action
and investment to defeat malaria 20162030 for a malaria-free world
to ensure shared goals and complementarity. The WHO Global technical
strategy for malaria 20162030, was adopted by the World Health Assembly
in May 2015. WHO is now working on developing regional implementation
plans to roll out the technical strategy.
The Global technical strategy for malaria 20162030 sets the most
ambitious targets for reductions in malaria cases and deaths since
the malaria eradication era. The vision of WHO and the global malaria
community is a world free of malaria. As part of this vision, the strategy sets
ambitious yet feasible global targets for 2030 with milestones for 2020 and
2025 (Table 6.1). Countries will set their own national or subnational targets,
which may differ from the global targets.
Table 6.1 Goals, milestones and targets of the Global technical strategy for malaria 20162030 and Action
and investment to defeat malaria 20162030
VISION
A WORLD FREE OF MALARIA
Goals
Targets
2020
2025
2030
1. Reduce malaria mortality rates

globally compared with 2015
At least 40%
At least 75%
At least 90%
2. Reduce malaria case incidence

globally compared with 2015
At least 40%
At least 75%
At least 90%
At least 10 countries
Re-establishment
prevented
Re-establishment
prevented
Re-establishment
prevented
3. Eliminate malaria from

countries in which malaria was
transmitted in 2015
4. Prevent re-establishment
of malaria in all countries that are
malaria free
54
Milestones
6. Moving forward
The Global technical strategy for malaria 20162030 provides a framework
for developing programmes that are tailored to local circumstances, with
the aim of accelerating progress towards malaria elimination. The strategy
has three main building blocks. Pillar 1 is to ensure universal access to
malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment. All core malaria interventions
namely vector control, chemoprevention, diagnostic testing and treatment
should be expanded to cover all populations in need of them. Pillar 2 is to
accelerate efforts towards elimination and attainment of malaria-free
status. In addition to expanding interventions to all populations at risk, all
countries should intensify efforts to eliminate the disease, especially in areas
with low transmission. Pillar 3 is to transform malaria surveillance into a
core intervention. Strengthening malaria surveillance is a critical factor for
programme planning and implementation, and for accelerating progress
towards elimination. Maximal progress in these three areas will depend on
the development of new tools and innovations in service delivery. It will also
depend on strong political commitment, robust nancing and increased
multisectoral collaboration.
Malaria investments need to increase substantially to achieve the
milestones and goals set out in the Global technical strategy for malaria
20162030. It is estimated that annual investments in malaria control and
elimination will need to increase to a total of US$ 6.4 billion per year by 2020
to meet the rst milestone of at least a 40% reduction in malaria incidence
and mortality rates. This should then further increase to an annual investment
of US$ 7.7 billion by 2025 to meet the second milestone of at least a 75%
reduction. To achieve the 90% reduction goal, total annual malaria spending
will need to reach an estimated US$ 8.7 billion by 2030. If these resources
can be secured, and malaria interventions delivered with the resources, the
malaria landscape will change even more dramatically than it has over the
past 15 years, and a pathway will be set for the eventual eradication of this
ancient disease.
55
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57
58
Regional profiles
African Region
Eastern Mediterranean Region

West Africa
Algeria
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cabo Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Yemen
European Region
Central Africa
Angola
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African
Republic
Chad
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Iraq
Congo
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Sao Tome and
Principe
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkey
Uzbekistan
East Africa and areas of high

transmission in southern Africa
Comoros
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mozambique
Rwanda
South Sudan
Uganda
United Republic of
Tanzania
Zambia
Countries with low transmission

in southern Africa
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Zimbabwe
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic
Peoples Republic
of Korea
India
Indonesia
Myanmar
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Western Pacific Region
Region of the Americas

Argentina
Belize
Bolivia (Plurinational
State of)
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana,
France
Guatemala
South-East Asia Region
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Venezuela (Bolivarian
Republic of)
Cambodia
China
Lao Peoples
Democratic
Republic
Malaysia
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Republic of Korea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
59
West Africa
Population at risk: About 342 million people in the 17 countries of
this subregion are at risk for malaria, with 289 million at high risk
(reported incidence >1 per 1000) (Figure A). Malaria cases are
almost exclusively due to P. falciparum. Among malaria endemic
countries, 15 are focused on malaria control, while Cabo Verde
is in the pre-elimination programme phase, and Algeria in the
elimination phase.
Financing: Funding for malaria control rose substantially from
US$ 104 million in 2005 to US$ 586 million in 2012, with a minimal
increase to US$ 637 million in 2014 (Figure B). In 20122014,
funding per capita per year exceeded US$ 4 in three countries
(Cabo Verde, the Gambia and Liberia) (Figure C), was US$ 13 in
12 countries, and was less than US$ 1 in two countries (Mauritania
and Niger).
Interventions: In 2014, the proportion of the at-risk population
estimated to have access to an insecticide-treated mosquito net
(ITN) in their household exceeded 50% in 11 countries (Burkina
Faso, Cte dIvoire, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Liberia, Mali, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo) (Figure D). Benin,
Cabo Verde, the Gambia, Ghana, Mali and Senegal used indoor
residual spraying (IRS), although this was limited to coverage of
between 5% and 20% of the at-risk population. Liberia, Benin and
Nigeria had implemented IRS on a limited scale and had stopped
spraying in 2014. Algeria did not report on vector control coverage
in 2014. All countries, except Guinea, Liberia, Mali and Togo
delivered sufficient antimalarial medicines to treat more than
80% of patients attending public health facilities (Figure E). Cte
dIvoire did not report on the delivery of antimalarial medicines.
Insecticide resistance: Countries in West Africa, particularly Benin,
Burkina Faso, Cte dIvoire and Ghana, have long been reporting
high prevalence of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Since
2010, reports of pyrethroid and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT) resistance have been widespread, with increased reports
of carbamate resistance. Organophosphate resistance has been
reported in six of 11 countries, indicating the need to develop
alternative insecticides.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: Fourteen countries in West Africa

have adopted either artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) or
artemether-lumefantrine (AL) as their rst-line treatment. The
therapeutic efficacy of both treatments remains high, with a
median treatment failure rate of less than 10%.
Trends in cases and deaths: Algeria exceeded the target of a 75%
reduction in case incidence between 2000 and 2014 (Figure G).
It reported 266 cases, of which 260 were imported. Cabo Verde
achieved a 72% decrease in case incidence between 2000 and
2014. In 2014, it reported only 46 cases, of which 20 were imported,
and two malaria deaths. In the remaining 14 countries, it was not
possible to assess trends in case incidence or admissions, because
of inconsistent reporting, or changes in diagnostic testing coverage
(mostly increased testing) or access to health services. However,
special studies undertaken to assess malaria trends shed some
light on the situation in a few countries. For example, a review of
trends in a sample of 83 hospitals nationwide in Ghana between
2005 and 2013 showed an increase in conrmed malaria cases,
admissions and deaths in all age groups, although malaria deaths
in children aged under 5 years fell by 29% (WHO, unpublished
results). The increase in conrmed cases appeared to be related
to expanded diagnostic testing and increased access to health
services. The slide positivity rate (SPR) for all ages remained stable
at 34%. Also, a review of trends in 186 hospitals in Nigeria between
2005 and 2013 indicated an increase, or no change, in conrmed
malaria cases, admissions and deaths for all age groups, and
a stable SPR (59%) (WHO, unpublished results). Subnational
decreases in morbidity and mortality have been reported from
Burkina Faso for 19992009 (1), Senegal for 19902012 (2,3) and
Togo for 20052010 (4,5), but these ndings are insufficient to
draw conclusions about national trends.
Modelled estimates of case incidence fell by at least 75% between
2000 and 2015 in three countries (the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau
and Senegal), and by 5075% in three countries (Ghana, Liberia
and Mauritania). The remaining eight countries had a decrease
in case incidence of less than 50% (Figure F).
A. Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 population/parasite prevalence, 2014
Conrmed cases
per 1000 population/
parasite prevalence (PP)
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
Data are only shown for countries and areas that had ongoing malaria transmission in year 2000
60
West Africa
B. Financial contribution for malaria control
by source, 20052014
NMCPs
C. US$ spent per at-risk capita for malaria control,

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Cabo Verde
Liberia
Gambia
Benin
Ghana
Senegal
Mali
Guinea
Cte dIvoire
Sierra Leone
Guinea-Bissau
Burkina Faso
Nigeria
Togo
Niger
Mauritania
Algeria
700
US$ (million)
NMCPs
8
12
16
US$ per at-risk capita per year
2014
20
Global Fund, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; NMCP,
national malaria control programme; PMI/US, President's Malaria
Initiative/United States; UK, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
D. Proportion of high-risk population with

distributed ITNs and proportion protected
with IRS, 2014
E. Antimalarial treatment courses distributed

as a proportion of estimated malaria cases
in the public sector, 2014
ITN
ACT
IRS
Burkina Faso
Guinea-Bissau
Gambia
Ghana
Senegal
Guinea
Togo
Mali
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Cte dIvoire
Nigeria
Benin
Niger
Mauritania
Cabo Verde
Algeria
Any antimalarial
Burkina Faso
Benin
Ghana
Gambia
Guinea-Bissau
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Cabo Verde
Sierra Leone
Togo
Mali
Guinea
Algeria
Liberia
Cte dIvoire
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net
F. Estimated incidence of malaria in 2000 and 2015
G. Change in admission and death rates, 20002014
2000
2015
Admission
Death
Algeria*
Cabo Verde
Gambia
Mali
Liberia
Guinea-Bissau
Togo
Mauritania
Burkina Faso
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Guinea
Niger
Benin
Cte dIvoire
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Togo
Liberia
Ghana
Sierra Leone
Guinea
Mali
Nigeria
Guinea-Bissau
Benin
Niger
Gambia
Senegal
Mauritania
Cabo Verde
Algeria
0
500
1000
Cases per 1000 population
1500
-100%
-50%
f Reduction
0%
Increase p
50%
100%
* Changes in case incidence due to all species (Q) and due to P. vivax (Q)
61
Central Africa
Population at risk: About 158 million people in the 10 countries of
this subregion are at some risk for malaria, with 145 million at high
risk (Figure A). Cases are almost exclusively due to P. falciparum.
All endemic countries in the subregion are in the control phase.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the subregion rose from
US$ 81 million in 2005 to US$ 300 million in 2013, but declined to
US$ 237 million in 2014 (Figure B). Malaria funding per capita per
year during 20122014 was highest in Sao Tome and Principe at
US$ 13.8, was between US$ 1 and US$ 3 in six countries, and was
less than US$ 1 in the remaining three countries (Figure C).
estimated to have access to an ITN in their household exceeded
50% in four countries (Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad,
and Sao Tome and Principe) (Figure D). IRS was used to protect
the at-risk population in two countries (Sao Tome and Principe,
protecting >50%; and Equatorial Guinea, 20%). Five countries
(Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of
the Congo and Gabon) reported distributing sufficient artemisininbased combination therapy (ACT) to treat more than 80% of
estimated malaria cases attending public health facilities in 2014.
Angola and Congo did not report on delivery of ACT (Figure E).
Insecticide resistance: Since 2010, there have been reports of
resistance to pyrethroids and DDT for the eight countries tested,
with no data reported for Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe.
Also, carbamate resistance has been reported for Angola,
Burundi and Cameroon. To date, no countries in the region have
reported organophosphate resistance.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: All countries in central Africa have
adopted either AS-AQ or AL as their rst-line treatment. The
therapeutic efficacy of both treatments remains high, with a
median treatment failure rate of less than 10% observed for both
medicines.
A. Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 population/

parasite prevalence, 2014
Trends in cases and deaths: Between 2000 and 2014, only Sao Tome
and Principe achieved at least 75% reduction in case incidence; it
also reported decreases of more than 90% in malaria admission
and death rates. Although the number of cases and admissions
during 20112013 increased compared to the number in the previous
4 years, the number of cases fell from 9234 in 2013 to 1754 in 2014.
Malaria admissions also fell from 1843 in 2013 to 417 in 2014, the
lowest number reported for the country since 2000.
In the remaining nine countries, it was not possible to assess
trends using routinely reported data, because of incomplete
reporting, or changes in health service access or diagnostic
testing. The number of conrmed malaria cases and admissions
has increased in several countries in recent years, possibly
reecting improved reporting or improved access to health
services (Figure G). Subnational decreases in malaria morbidity
and mortality have been reported in Equatorial Guinea on Bioko
Island (6), although high transmission persisted in some foci (7).
Similar decreases occurred in the Mbakong district of Cameroon
(8) between 2006 and 2012. However, no evidence of a decreased
malaria burden was reported in both urban and rural settings of
Gabon (9).
Estimates malaria case incidence inferred from surveys of
parasite prevalence suggest that, between 2000 and 2015, four
countries (Angola, Burundi, Congo and Democratic Republic of
the Congo) had decreases in case incidence of 5075% between
2000 and 2015, and the remaining ve countries had decreases
of less than 50% (Figure F).
62
Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
Data are only shown for countries and areas that had ongoing
malaria transmission in year 2000
Central Africa
by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
NMCPs
350
Equatorial Guinea
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
300
Angola
250
US$ (million)
Burundi
200
Chad
150
Central African Republic

Congo
100
Cameroon
50
Gabon
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
8
12
16
2014
20
national malaria control programme; PMI/US, Presidents Malaria

with IRS, 2014

ITN
ACT
IRS
Burundi
Burundi
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Chad
Gabon
Chad
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Angola
Cameroon
Cameroon
Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Congo
Gabon
Angola
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Any antimalarial
80%
100%
2000
2015
Admission
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Gabon
Burundi
Equatorial Guinea
Cameroon
Angola
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Chad
Death
Congo
Burundi
Gabon
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
0
500
1000
1500
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
f Reduction Increase p
100%
63
East Africa and areas of high transmission in southern Africa

Population at risk: About 313 million people in the 12 countries
of the subregion are at some risk for malaria, with 254 million at
high risk (Figure A). About 25% of the population of Ethiopia and
Kenya live in areas that are free of malaria. P. falciparum is the
predominant species, except in Eritrea and Ethiopia, where P. vivax
accounts for about 31% and 26% of reported cases, respectively.
All countries in the subregion are focused on malaria control
activities.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the subregion increased
from US$ 206 million in 2005 to US$ 803 million in 2013, but
declined to US$ 636 million in 2014 (Figure B). Malaria funding
was less than US$ 3 per capita per year during 20122014 in
eight countries, and exceeded US$ 3 per capita in four countries
(Comoros, Malawi, Rwanda and Zambia) (Figure C).
estimated to have access to an ITN in their household exceeded 50%
in 10 countries (Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi,
Mozambique, Rwanda, South Sudan, Uganda and Zambia), and
in Zanzibar in the United Republic of Tanzania (Figure D). IRS was
used in eight countries, with the protected proportion of the at-risk
population exceeding 60% in Ethiopia. In 2014, all reporting countries
except the Comoros distributed sufficient ACT to treat all patients
attending public health facilities, although South Sudan and
Uganda did not report (Figure E).
Insecticide resistance: Pyrethroid resistance is widespread in
this subregion; since 2010, resistance has been conrmed in all
reporting countries except the Comoros and Mayotte (France). DDT
resistance is also common, but is yet to be conrmed for malaria
vectors in Mozambique. Carbamate resistance has also been
reported for at least one malaria vector in most countries, and
organophosphate resistance has been reported for Ethiopia, Kenya,
Mayotte (France), the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia.
Republic of Tanzania), it was not possible to assess trends between

2000 and 2014 because of inconsistent reporting, or changes in
health service accessibility or diagnostic testing. In 2015, Uganda
reported a sixfold increase in conrmed cases (compared to the
average number of cases in 20122014) in districts in which IRS
was withdrawn and where vector control subsequently relied
solely on ITNs. Substantial increases also occurred in other districts
(a threefold increase in conrmed cases in 2015 compared to the
average number in 20122014) (WHO, unpublished results).
In Ethiopia, a study of 41 hospitals with complete data for analysis
(of the total 62 hospitals below an altitude of 2000 metres) found
a 66% decrease in conrmed cases between 2001 and 2011 (12),
which is consistent with a 5075% decrease in case incidence by
2015. Evidence of subnational reductions in morbidity and mortality
have been reported in the Muheza district in the northeast of
the United Republic of Tanzania between 1992 and 2012 (13);
on the south coast of Kenya between 1996 and 2010 (14); and in
northern Uganda between 2007 and 2011. The reductions follow
introduction of IRS (15,16). However, these results are insufficient to
make inferences about national trends.
Estimates of malaria case incidence inferred from surveys of
parasite prevalence suggest that four countries had decreases
in case incidence of more than 75% between 2000 and 2015
(Ethiopia, Madagascar, Rwanda, United Republic of Tanzania).
Five countries (Malawi, Mozambique, South Sudan, Uganda and
Zambia) had estimated decreases of 5075% during the same
period, and the remaining four countries had estimated decreases
in case incidence of less than 50% (Figure F).
A. Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 population/

parasite prevalence, 2014
Antimalarial drug efficacy: All countries in the subregion have

adopted either AS-AQ or AL as their rst-line treatment policy.
The therapeutic efficacy of both treatments remains high, with a
median treatment failure rate of less than 10% observed for both
treatments.
Trends in cases and deaths: Between 2000 and 2014, malaria
admission rates declined by at least 75% in the Comoros, Eritrea,
Rwanda, and Zanzibar in the United Republic of Tanzania, similar
to rates in other studies (10,11). A 5075% decrease in malaria
admission rates by 2015 is projected for Zambia (Figure G).
Although admission rates in Rwanda have decreased markedly
since 2000, the country reported a tripling in conrmed malaria
cases (from 483 000 to 1.6 million), and a doubling in admissions
(from 5306 to 11 138) between 2012 and 2014, which may be
partially attributed to the inclusion of reports from health facilities
in the private sector since 2011 (resulting in an increase in reporting
health facilities from 428 in 2011 to 672 in 2014). In the Comoros,
conrmed cases fell sharply from 53 156 in 2013 to 2203 in 2014
(96% decrease), and malaria admissions from 17 485 in 2013 to
1049 in 2014 (94% decrease) following mass drug administration
with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) plus primaquine,
and large-scale distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets
(LLINs) in early 2014. In Madagascar, admission rates fell during
20002010, but subsequently rose. The admission rate in 2014 was
28% less than that in 2000. Decreases in malaria admissions also
occurred in Mozambique between 2007 and 2012, but there were
small increases in subsequent years; no comparable data from
earlier than 2007 are available. For the remaining six countries
(Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, South Sudan, Uganda and the United
64
Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
East Africa and areas of high transmission in southern Africa

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
Zambia
900
Rwanda
800
Malawi
700
Comoros
Kenya
600
US$ (million)
NMCPs
Mozambique
500
South Sudan
400
Uganda
300
Ethiopia
Eritrea
200
100
Madagascar
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
8
12
16
20

with IRS, 2014

ITN
ACT
IRS

(Zanzibar)
Zambia
Any antimalarial
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Madagascar
Kenya
Comoros
Malawi
South Sudan
Mozambique
Uganda
Rwanda
Kenya

(Mainland)
Zambia
Mozambique

(Zanzibar)
Madagascar
Malawi
Rwanda
Ethiopia
Comoros
Eritrea
South Sudan

(Mainland)
0%
Uganda
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2000
2015
Admission
Death

(Zanzibar)
Rwanda
Uganda
Mozambique
Comoros
Malawi
Kenya
Rwanda
Eritrea
Zambia
Zambia
Mozambique
South Sudan
Madagascar
Kenya
Malawi
Comoros
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Uganda
(Mainland)
South Sudan
Madagascar
Eritrea
0
500
1000
1500
2000
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
65
Countries with low transmission in southern Africa

Population at risk: About 21 million people in the ve countries
of this subregion are at some risk for malaria, with 8 million at
high risk (Figure A). About 72%, or 54 million people, live in areas
that are free of malaria. Countries in the subregion are focused
on malaria control activities, although four have initiated some
elimination activities. Malaria transmission is highly seasonal.
Most malaria cases are caused by P. falciparum.
Financing: Funding for malaria control increased from
US$ 35 million in 2005 to US$ 66 million in 2012, but declined
to US$ 51 million in 2014 (Figure B). During 20122014, funding
exceeded US$ 4 per capita per year in two countries (South Africa
and Swaziland); in all other countries, funding was below US$ 4
per capita per year (Figure C). Swaziland had by far the highest
investment (US$ 11 per capita per year), the majority of which was
from international sources.
Interventions: In 2014, the proportion of the high-risk population
estimated to have access to an ITN in their household exceeded
50% in Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe. IRS was also used
extensively in Botswana (100%) and Zimbabwe (79%), indicating
that ITNs and IRS were deployed together in most of the at-risk
population in these countries. Only IRS was used in South Africa
(100%) (Figure D). South Africa and Zimbabwe delivered sufficient
antimalarial medicines to treat more than 80% of malaria cases
attending public health facilities (Figure E). Botswana and
Namibia did not report on antimalarial treatments delivered.
Insecticide resistance: Recent monitoring data are limited for
countries in the subregion, with the exception of Zimbabwe and
Namibia. Since 2010, pyrethroid resistance has been reported for
Botswana and Zimbabwe, with reports of carbamate resistance
in Zimbabwe, although the vectors remain susceptible to
organophosphates. DDT resistance is yet to be conrmed.
of both AS-AQ and AL remains high, with a median treatment

failure rate of less than 10% observed for both treatments.
Trends in cases and deaths: Four countries in this subregion
(Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland) achieved a
decrease of more than 50% in malaria admission rates between
2000 and 2014 (Figure G). Reported malaria mortality rates also
fell by more than 75% in these countries. However, the number of
reported cases in the four countries more than doubled between
2012 and 2014; between 2013 and 2014 alone, cases increased
from 14 142 to 29 234 (52%), with increases of 224% in Botswana
and 200% in Namibia.
In Zimbabwe, the number of diagnostic tests performed increased
vefold between 2004 and 2014, with RDTs increasingly replacing
microscopy. Thus, it is not possible to assess trends using nationally
reported cases. However, a review of malaria admissions data
from 45 hospitals indicated a reduction in malaria admission and
mortality rates of 64% and 71%, respectively, between 2003 and
2012, which is consistent with a decrease in malaria admission
rates and mortality rates of more than 75% between 2000 and
2015. A subnational study also showed a decrease in malaria case
incidence in the Mutasa district between 2003 and 2011 (17).
The ve countries in the subregion, together with Angola,
Mozambique and Zambia, are signatories to the Elimination 8
(E8) regional initiative. Launched in March 2009, this initiative
includes the goal of malaria elimination from four countries
Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland by 2020,
and elimination from the region by 2030. Despite relatively low
numbers of conrmed malaria cases in 2014, unconrmed cases
comprised 10% of total recorded cases in Botswana, 2% in South
Africa and 5% in Swaziland. Thus, diagnostic testing needs further
strengthening.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: All countries in the subregion have

adopted AL as their rst-line treatment. The therapeutic efficacy
Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
66
Countries with low transmission in southern Africa

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
NMCPs
Swaziland
90
80
South Africa
70
US$ (million)
60
Namibia
50
40
Zimbabwe
30
20
Botswana
10
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
12
16
20

with IRS, 2014

ITN
ACT
IRS
Botswana
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
South Africa
Namibia
Swaziland
Swaziland
Botswana
South Africa
Namibia
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
20%
40%
Any antimalarial
60%
80%
G. Change in case incidence of microscopically

confirmed cases, 20002014
2000
2015
Change in incidence due to all species
Zimbabwe
Namibia
Namibia
Swaziland*
Botswana
South Africa
South Africa
100%
Change in incidence due to P. vivax
Botswana*
Swaziland
Zimbabwe*
0
100
200
300
400
500
-100%
-50%
f Reduction
0%
Increase p
50%
100%
* Changes in case incidence due to all species (Q) and due to P. vivax (Q)
67

Population at risk: In the WHO Region of the Americas, about
112 million people in 21 countries and territories are estimated to
be at some risk for malaria, with 20 million at high risk (reported
incidence >1 per 1000 [Figure A]). P. vivax is responsible for more
than 70% of reported malaria cases in the region, although
P.falciparum malaria comprises more than 50% of cases in
French Guiana (France) and Guyana, and essentially 100% of
cases in the Dominican Republic and Haiti (Figure F). Belize, the
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador and Mexico are in the
pre-elimination phase and three countries are in the elimination
phase (Argentina, Costa Rica and Paraguay). The remainder are
in the control phase.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the region increased
from US$190million in 2005 to US$230million in 2011, but fell
to US$151million in 2014 (Figure B). For 20122014, funding for
malaria control exceeded US$4 per capita per year in seven
of the 20 countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico,
Panama, Paraguay and Suriname) (Figure C). In 2014, control
was 100% domestically funded in 10 countries, of which five are in
the pre-elimination phase and three are in the elimination phase.
Interventions: All 21 countries or territories in the region apply
IRS or ITNs (or both) in focal areas with ongoing transmission. In
20122014, six countries distributed enough ITNs or applied IRS to
protect more than 50% of the population at high risk. Nicaragua
protected more than 70% of its at-risk population with LLINs and
IRS, and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela protected 100%
of its at-risk population with LLINs and IRS. (FigureD). Fourteen
countries reported distribution of sufficient antimalarial medicines
to treat more than 80% of malaria cases attending public health
facilities (Figure E).
Insecticide resistance: Although most of the reports show
susceptibility of the major vectors to the insecticides tested,
resistance to the four main classes of insecticides has been
reported within the Region. However, reported data are limited;
since 2010, only Ecuador has reported data for the four classes.
Nevertheless, since 2010, pyrethroid resistance has been reported
in seven countries, with DDT resistance also reported in some
areas of Colombia. Carbamate resistance was confirmed for
at least one vector population in three countries (Ecuador,
Nicaragua and Panama), as was organophosphate resistance in
the Dominican Republic, Ecuador and Guatemala. Thus, although
reported data are limited, insecticide resistance generally seems
restricted in distribution.
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela has reported an increase in case

incidence every year since 2008, including more than 90 000 in
2014, the greatest number in 50 years. Overall, the incidence
of microscopically confirmed cases in this country increased by
41% between 2000 and 2014. The worst affected areas are in
the states of Bolivar and Amazonas, which border Guyana and
Brazil in the east of the country. In Haiti, it is not possible to discern
clear trends, because of differences in diagnostic testing and
inconsistent reporting over time (Figure G). However, diagnostic
and surveillance systems have improved in recent years.
The region reported 79 deaths due to malaria in 2014, an 80%
decline compared with deaths in 2000. Brazil accounts for almost
half of the deaths due to malaria in the region.
Argentina, which is in the elimination phase, has reported zero
indigenous cases since 2011, and has initiated the process of
certification for malaria elimination. Also, Paraguay has reported
zero indigenous cases since 2012, and Costa Rica reported zero
indigenous cases in 2013 and one relapsed case in 2014.
Four countries in the pre-elimination phase reported fewer than
1100 cases in total: Belize, 19P.vivax cases; Ecuador, 368P.vivax
and P. falciparum cases; El Salvador, six P.vivax cases; and
Mexico, 656 P.vivax cases. Ten countries in Central America
and the Caribbean have joined a regional initiative that aims to
eliminate malaria by 2020 (Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,
ElSalvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and
Panama).
A. Confirmed malaria cases per 1000population,

2014
Antimalarial drug efficacy: Therapeutic efficacy studies of AL

and artesunate+mefloquine (AS+MQ) have demonstrated high
treatment efficacy in the Region, with a median treatment failure
rate of less than 10%.
Trends in cases and deaths: The number of confirmed malaria
cases in the region decreased from 1.2 million in 2000 to 390000
in 2014. Three countries accounted for 77% of cases in 2013: Brazil
(37%), Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (23%) and Colombia
(17%). Between 2000 and 2014, decreases of more than 75%
in the incidence of microscopically confirmed malaria were
reported in 15 of the 21 countries and territories that had ongoing
transmission in 2000 (Argentina, Belize, Bolivia [Plurinational State
of], Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French
Guiana [France], Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Paraguay and Suriname). The Dominican Republic is projected to
achieve a 75% decrease in case incidence by 2015, and Guyana
and Panama should achieve a 5075% decrease. A decrease in
case incidence of less than 25% by 2015 is projected for Peru. The
68
world malaria report 2015
Confirmed cases
per 1000 population
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
1050
50100
> 100

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
250
200
US$ (million)
NMCPs
150
100
50
(37)
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Paraguay
Suriname
Mexico
Argentina
Costa Rica
Panama
El Salvador
Colombia
Brazil
Guyana
Belize
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Nicaragua
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Honduras
Ecuador
Peru
Guatemala
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
French Guiana, France
2014
4
8
12
16
20

with IRS, 2014

as a proportion of reported malaria cases
ITN
Nicaragua
Guyana
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Honduras
Colombia
Guatemala
Costa Rica
Mexico
Brazil
Ecuador
Suriname
Belize
Peru
El Salvador
Panama
Paraguay
Argentina
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
ACT
IRS
100%
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Mexico
Paraguay
Guyana
Dominican Republic
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Panama
El Salvador
Argentina
Ecuador
Guatemala
Peru
Suriname
0%
20%
40%
60%
Any antimalarial
80%
F. Proportion of malaria cases due to P. falciparum

and P. vivax, 20102014

P. falciparum
Haiti
Dominican Republic
Guyana
Suriname
Colombia
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Brazil
Peru
Honduras
El Salvador
Guatemala
Panama
Costa Rica
Belize
Argentina
Mexico
Paraguay
0%
P. vivax
Other
100%
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Ecuador
El Salvador
Belize
Suriname
Nicaragua
Guatemala
Mexico
Honduras
Brazil
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Guyana
Haiti
Panama
Peru
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
69

Population at risk: In 2014, about 276 million people in eight
countries in the region were at some risk of malaria, with
108 million at high risk (reported incidence rates >1 per 1000
[Figure A]). Six countries have areas of high malaria transmission
(Afghanistan, Djibouti, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen);
transmission is focal in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi
Arabia in the two countries that are in the elimination phase. Most
cases are due to P. falciparum, except in Afghanistan, Iran (Islamic
Republic of) and Pakistan, where P. vivax predominates (Figure F).
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the region rose from
US$ 59 million in 2005 to US$ 200 million in 2012, but fell to
US$ 120 million in 2014 (Figure B). During 20122014, funding
per capita was highest in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi
Arabia (US$ 29 and 25 per capita per year, respectively). Funding
per capita per year was less than US$ 4 in the other countries
of the region (Figure C). In 2014, domestic funding for malaria
control accounted for 100% of funding in Saudi Arabia and for 58%
in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Interventions: Afghanistan, Sudan and Yemen distributed
sufficient ITNs in 20122014 to protect 100%, 54% and 82% of their
high-risk populations, respectively (Figure D). Sudan and Yemen
also used IRS to a limited extent. ITNs were used in targeted foci
in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia. The Islamic
Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia reported delivering sufficient
antimalarial medicines (including ACT) to treat all cases attending
public health facilities (Figure E). Data reported by other countries
were incomplete.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: All countries in the region have

adopted artesunate+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP) as
their rst-line treatments, except Djibouti where AL is the rst-line
treatment. A high rate of treatment failures has been observed
with AS+SP in Somalia and Sudan. The treatment efficacy of AL
remains high throughout the region.
Trends in cases and deaths: The number of conrmed malaria
cases reported in the region decreased from 2 million in 2000
to 1.5 million in 2014. Two countries accounted for 91% of cases in
2014: Sudan (72%) and Pakistan (19%). Seven countries achieved
more than 75% decrease in the incidence of microscopically
conrmed cases between 2000 and 2014 (Afghanistan, Iraq,
Islamic Republic of Iran, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia and Syrian
Arab Republic) (Figure G), although the current situation in the
Syrian Arab Republic precludes verication of reported numbers.
In 2014, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia reported
only 376 and 51 locally acquired cases, respectively. Assessment of
trends was not possible for Djibouti, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan and
Yemen, due to inconsistent reporting.
The number of deaths in the region due to malaria fell from 2166
in 2000 to 960 in 2014. Two countries accounted for more than
90% of the deaths in 2014: Sudan (86%) and Pakistan (6%).
Four countries in the region are in the prevention of reintroduction
phase (Egypt, since 1998; Iraq, since 2011; Oman, since 2004; and
Syrian Arab Republic, since 2005). Morocco was certied as free
of malaria in 2010. An outbreak in Egypt of 22 locally acquired
cases in MayJune 2014 was limited to a village 20 km north of
Aswan, and was contained using preventive measures. Oman has
been battling small outbreaks linked to importation of parasites
since 2007; the country reported 984 imported and 15 introduced
P. vivax cases in 2014. The Syrian Arab Republic reported
21 imported P. falciparum cases in 2014; however, the current
situation in the country precludes verication of the number of
malaria cases.
Insecticide resistance: Since 2010, Afghanistan, the Islamic

Republic of Iran, Somalia and Sudan have reported resistance
to the four classes of insecticide, and Pakistan has reported
resistance to the three classes tested (excluding carbamates).
Pyrethroid and DDT resistance has also been detected in
Yemen, with vectors still susceptible to carbamates. Resistance
to carbamates has been detected in Djibouti, but vectors
remain susceptible to the other
three classes of insecticide.
Susceptibility to pyrethroids and
organophosphates has been
reported in Saudi Arabia.
Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
70

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
NMCPs
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
(29)
Saudi Arabia
(25)
250
200
Djibouti
US$ (million)
Sudan
150
Somalia
100
Afghanistan
Yemen
50
Pakistan
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
8
12
16
20

with IRS, 2014

as a proportion of reported cases in the public
sector, 2014
ITN
ACT
IRS
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Yemen
Djibouti
Sudan
Pakistan
Somalia
Sudan
Djibouti
Somalia
Pakistan
Yemen
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%

P. falciparum
P. vivax
Other
0%
20%
40%
80%
100%

Djibouti
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Yemen
Somalia
Somalia
Yemen
Afghanistan
Sudan
Djibouti
Pakistan
Sudan
Pakistan
Afghanistan
0%
60%
Any antimalarial
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
71
European Region
Population at risk: In 2000, eight countries in the WHO
European Region (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) had indigenous
transmission of malaria; however, in 2014, indigenous transmission
was conned to Tajikistan, in which 3 million people were living
in areas with some risk for malaria. Turkey and Tajikistan are in
the elimination phase, with the other countries in the prevention
of reintroduction phase. In 2015, the WHO European Region
reported zero indigenous cases for the rst time.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the region rose from
about US$ 42 million in 2005 to US$ 58 million in 2009, but fell to
US$ 29 million in 2014 (Figure B). Between 2012 and 2014, funding
per capita per year ranged from US$ 1.5 in Tajikistan to US$ 2566
in Turkey (Figure C).
Interventions: In all countries in the region, malaria is a notiable
disease. Each case and focus is epidemiologically investigated
and classied; there are national quality assurance programmes
for microscopy and for radical treatment of P. vivax cases, and
there is adequate access to antimalarial medicines. IRS and ITNs
are used in targeted focal areas.
Insecticide resistance: Since 2010, data from standard bioassays
have been reported for two countries only (Azerbaijan and
Tajikistan), with susceptibility to pyrethroids conrmed in both
countries, and susceptibility to organophosphates conrmed
in Tajikistan. Continuous monitoring is necessary in the areas in
which IRS and ITN use continues.
Trends in cases and deaths: All countries in the region achieved
a 100% decrease in case incidence between 2000 and 2015
(Figure G). Among the eight countries with local transmission in

2000, the number of indigenous malaria cases declined from
32 405 in 2000, to 2 in 2014, and to zero in 2015. The two cases in
2014 were in Tajikistan, both P. vivax malaria. No indigenous cases
have been reported in Tajikistan during 2015 (as of 1 December
2015).
Two countries within the region have been certied as free of
malaria (Turkmenistan, in 2010; and Armenia, in 2011). In 2014,
Kyrgyzstan successfully passed the rst of two WHO evaluations
for certication as a malaria-free country. Azerbaijan has
reported zero indigenous cases since 2012, and has moved to
prevention of reintroduction. Greece, which had a resurgence
of locally acquired P. vivax cases during 20092013 (mostly
introduced cases), reported zero indigenous cases since 2013.
The region appears to have attained the goal of interruption
of local malaria transmission by 2015, as set out in the 2005
Tashkent Declaration. However, although zero indigenous cases
were reported in 2015, cases with a long incubation period
might appear in 2016. Moreover, the region remains exposed
to importation of cases, particularly along the border between
Afghanistan and Tajikistan, and thus to potential re-establishment
of transmission. In 2014, the region reported introduced cases
in the Russian Federation and Spain and a relapse in Tajikistan.
In 2015, Greece reported 6 introduced cases and Georgia an
induced case. These events illustrate the need for constant
vigilance to ensure that any reappearance of malaria in the WHO
European Region is rapidly detected and contained.
A. Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 population, 2014

Confirmed cases per 1000 population
Insufficient data
Very low PP
2040
6080
No cases
020
4060
80100
72
European Region
by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
NMCPs
Turkey
(2566)
70
60
US$ (million)
50
Kyrgyzstan
(247)
Uzbekistan
(65)
Azerbaijan
(42)
40
30
Georgia
20
10
Tajikistan
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
12
16
20
D. Reported malaria cases, 20062014

Introduced
Year
E. Reported number of indigenous malaria cases,

20002014
Imported
Tajikistan
Indigenous
Turkey
Kyrgyzstan
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Uzbekistan
35 000
2006
2007
30 000
2008
25 000
2009
20 000
2010
15 000
2011
10 000
2012
2013
5000
2014
0
500
1000
1500
Cases
2000
2500
3000
F. Number of local malaria cases reported by year,

20002014
P. falciparum
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014

P. vivax
40 000
Azerbaijan
Turkey
30 000
Tajikistan
20 000
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
10 000
Uzbekistan
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
-100%
-50%
f Reduction
0%
Increase p
50%
100%
73

Population at risk: About 1.3 billion people are at some risk of
malaria in 10 countries, with about 231 million at high risk (Figure A).
The proportion of cases due to P. falciparum varies greatly within
the region, from 15% to 79% in eight countries with transmission
of more than one plasmodium species; cases are exclusively due
to P. vivax in the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (Figure
F). Bhutan and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea are
in the pre-elimination phase. Sri Lanka has reported no locally
acquired cases since October 2012, and is now in the prevention
of reintroduction phase. Other countries in the region are in the
control phase.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the region increased from
US$ 125 million in 2005 to US$ 262 million in 2010, but then fell to
US$ 187 million in 2014 (Figure B). In 20122014, funding exceeded
US$ 4 per capita per year only in Timor-Leste (Figure C). Funding
is lowest in countries with the largest populations at risk, including
India and Indonesia. This circumstance possibly occurs because
of the challenge of providing adequate nancing for such large
populations, but also because populations at risk may be dened
according to comparatively large administrative units in which
the entire population is classied as high risk, even if malaria
transmission is conned to a limited area.
Interventions: In 20122014, six countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan,
Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, Myanmar, Nepal and
Timor-Leste) reported delivering sufficient ITNs or IRS to protect
more than 60% of their populations at high risk (Figure D). IRS
coverage was highest in Bhutan and in the Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea. In 2014, all countries, except India, Indonesia
and Nepal, reported delivering sufficient quantities of antimalarial
medicines (including ACT) to treat all reported cases in public
health facilities (Figure E).
Insecticide resistance: In India, there is widespread resistance to
DDT and pyrethroids, and areas with carbamate and organophosphate (malathion) resistance. Sri Lanka has reported resistance to
the four insecticide classes. Since 2010, Bangladesh, Indonesia and
Myanmar have reported resistance to pyrethroids, with additional

reports of DDT resistance in Myanmar, and carbamate resistance
in Indonesia.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: AL remains effective throughout the
Region. The efficacy of AS+SP is decreasing in northeast India, near
the Myanmar border. Following high treatment failure rates with
AS+MQ in Thailand, the national treatment policy was changed to
DHA-PPQ in 2015. This is described in more detail in Section 5.6.
Trends in cases and deaths: The number of conrmed malaria
cases reported in the region decreased from 2.9 million to 1.6 million
between 2000 and 2014. Just three countries accounted for 96% of
cases in 2014: India (70%), Indonesia (16%) and Myanmar (10%).
Six countries reported more than 75% decrease in the incidence
of conrmed cases between 2000 and 2014 (Bangladesh, Bhutan,
Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, Nepal, Timor-Leste and
Sri Lanka) (Figure G). Two countries (India and Thailand) are
projected to achieve a decrease of 5075% in case incidence by
2015. The decline in Thailand may be underestimated, because
the data since 2012 include cases reported by nongovernmental
organizations working on the borders of Cambodia and Myanmar.
Because of changes in diagnostic testing over time, the direction
of trends in Myanmar before 2008 cannot be discerned, although
the incidence of conrmed cases decreased by 68% between 2008
and 2015. Similarly, the direction of trends in Indonesia cannot be
discerned due to inconsistent reporting.
Reported malaria deaths in the region fell from 5482 to 812
between 2000 and 2014. No malaria-related deaths have been
reported from Nepal since 2012, or from Bhutan since 2013.
Bhutan, which is in the pre-elimination phase, had 15 indigenous
and 30 introduced cases in 2013, and 19 indigenous cases in 2014.
Reported cases in the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea,
which is also in the pre-elimination phase, dropped sharply from
23 537 in 2012 to 10 535 in 2014 (55% decrease).
Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
74

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
NMCPs
Timor-Leste
300
Myanmar
Bhutan
250
Sri Lanka
US$ (million)
200
Bangladesh
Thailand
150
Nepal
100
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
Indonesia
50
India
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
8
12
16
2014
20

with IRS, 2014

ITN
ACT
IRS
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Timor-Leste
Myanmar
Myanmar
Timor-Leste
Bangladesh
Thailand
Indonesia
Bhutan
Thailand
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
Sri Lanka
India
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
Indonesia
India
Nepal
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Any antimalarial
80%
F. Proportion of cases due to P. falciparum and

P. vivax, 20102014

P. falciparum
P. vivax
Other
100%
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste
Myanmar
Bangladesh
Indonesia
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
India
Myanmar
Bhutan
Nepal
Thailand
India
Nepal
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Indonesia
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
75

Population at risk: About 730 million people in the region are at
some risk for malaria, with 30 million at high risk (Figure A). Malaria
transmission is highest in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands
and Vanuatu. In other countries in the region, transmission is much
more focal, disproportionately affecting ethnic minorities and
migrant workers. Both P. falciparum and P. vivax are prevalent, but
cases are mostly due to P. vivax in the Republic of Korea (Figure F).
Recently, P. knowlesi has increased in public health importance,
particularly in Malaysia, where it accounted for 38% of the reported
cases in 2014. Malaysia is in the pre-elimination phase, and China
and the Republic of Korea are in the elimination phase. Other
countries in the region are in the control phase.
Financing: Funding for malaria control in the region increased
from US$ 77 million in 2005 to US$ 182 million in 2010. Funding then
dropped to US$ 112 million in 2011, but has been gradually increasing
since, reaching US$ 156 million in 2014 (Figure B). During 20122014,
malaria funding per capita per year in the region was highest in
Malaysia (US$ 47), exceeded US$ 5 in Vanuatu, and was less than
US$ 5 in the other eight countries (Figure C).
Interventions: In 20122014, the number of ITNs delivered was
sufficient to protect more than 60% of the population at high risk
in seven countries. In China, 100% of the at-risk population was
protected with IRS. In Malaysia, more than 60% were protected
with IRS and ITNs, although it is not clear whether both interventions
were applied in the same area (Figure D). Nationally representative
surveys in Papua New Guinea showed an increase in the proportion
of the population with access to an LLIN in their household, from
44% in 2011 to 68% in 2014; the proportion of RDT-positive cases
treated with ACT rose from 0% to 78%. The Republic of Korea
reported low levels of vector control coverage (with the exception
of the Korean Demilitarized Zone), possibly due to the focal nature
of the disease. In 2014, all countries, except the Republic of Korea,
reported delivering sufficient antimalarial medicines to treat more
than 80% of patients attending public health facilities (Figure E).
Insecticide resistance: Since 2010, pyrethroid resistance has been
reported in malaria vectors of local importance in Cambodia,
China, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, the Philippines and Viet
Nam, with all countries but Viet Nam also reporting DDT resistance.
Organophosphate resistance has been reported in China.
Antimalarial drug efficacy: Both
AL and DHA-PPQ remain effective where those medicines are
used as the rst-line treatment.
In Cambodia, efficacy studies
conducted in areas where dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP)
is failing have found AS+MQ effec-
tive, and AS+MQ has since become the rst-line treatment in these
areas (see Section 5.6).
Trends in cases and deaths: Three countries accounted for 89% of
reported conrmed cases in 2014: Papua New Guinea (71%), Lao
Peoples Democratic Republic (12%) and Cambodia (6%). Eight of
the 10 countries in the region achieved more than 75% reduction
in the incidence of microscopically conrmed cases between 2000
and 2014 (Cambodia, China, Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of
Korea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam) (Figure G). Cambodia
is on track to achieve a 50-75% reduction in case incidence by 2015.
In Vanuatu, reported cases dropped sharply from 2381 in 2013 to
982 in 2014 (58% decrease). Although the Lao Peoples Democratic
Republic has reduced malaria incidence by 50% since 2000, case
incidence has increased since 2011, with more than 48 000 cases
reported in 2014. This increase is associated with an inux of migrant
workers in the south of the country. Papua New Guinea has reported
considerably more conrmed cases since 2012, due to an increase
in diagnostic testing with RDTs. However, the incidence of malaria
admissions to public health facilities decreased by more than 75%
between 2000 and 2014, and nationally representative household
surveys indicated a drop in parasite prevalence from 12.4% to 1.8%
between 2009 and 2014.
Reported malaria deaths in the region decreased from 2360 to 264
between 2000 and 2014. In 2014, two countries accounted for 86%
of all reported deaths: Papua New Guinea (77%) and the Solomon
Islands (9%). Vanuatu has reported no deaths from malaria since
2012.
Malaysia is in the pre-elimination phase, but the number of
indigenous cases increased from 2921 in 2013 to 3147 in 2014, and
the number of people living in active foci remains high (1.3 million).
Malaria transmission occurs primarily in the districts of Sabah and
Sarawak. In the Republic of Korea, which is in the elimination phase,
the number of indigenous cases between 2013 and 2014 increased
from 383 to 557. China reported only 56 locally acquired cases in
2014; six were caused by P. falciparum and 50 by P. vivax. China
is aiming to eliminate malaria nationally by 2020. The Philippines
is proceeding with a subnational elimination approach, with a
focus on the provinces most affected by malaria: Maguindanao
(Mindanao) and the islands of Palawan and Tawi-Tawi.

Conrmed cases
Insufficient data
0
00.1
0.11.0
1.010
PP
>85
0
76

by source, 20052014
NMCPs

20122014
Global Fund
World Bank
PMI/US
UK
Australia
Others
180
(47)
Vanuatu
160
Papua New Guinea
140
Solomon Islands
120
US$ (million)
NMCPs
Malaysia
Cambodia
100
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
80
Republic of Korea
60
Philippines
40
Viet Nam
20
China
0
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
8
12
16
20

with IRS, 2014

ITN
ACT
IRS
Malaysia
Any antimalarial
China
Solomon Islands
Cambodia
Papua New Guinea
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Malaysia
Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
Philippines
Cambodia
Solomon Islands
China
Viet Nam
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Republic of Korea
Republic of Korea
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%


P. falciparum
P. vivax
Other
100%
China
Papua New Guinea
Cambodia
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
Philippines
Philippines
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands
Republic of Korea
Cambodia
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
China
Viet Nam
Malaysia
Malaysia
Republic of Korea
Papua New Guinea*

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
* Changes in incidence of admission rates (Q) and death rates (Q)
77
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Falciparum malaria in young children of rural Burkina Faso: comparison of survey data in 1999
with 2009. Malar J, 2011 10:296.
2. Giardina F., Kasasa S., Sie A., Utzinger J., Tanner M., Vounatsou P. Effects of vector-control
interventions on changes in risk of malaria parasitaemia in sub-Saharan Africa: a spatial and
temporal analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 2014 2(10):e601-615 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
3. Trape J.F., Tall A., Sokhna C., Ly A.B., Diagne N., Ndiath O. et al. The rise and fall of malaria in a
West African rural community, Dielmo, Senegal, from 1990 to 2012: a 22 year longitudinal study.
Lancet Infect Dis, 2014 14(6):476-488.
4. Landoh E.D., Tchamdja P., Saka B., Tint K.S., Gitta S.N., Wasswa P. et al. Morbidity and mortality
due to malaria in Est Mono district, Togo, from 2005 to 2010: A times series analysis. Malar J, 2012
11:389.
5. Terlouw D.J., Morgah K., Wolkon A., Dare A., Dorkenoo A., Eliades M.J. et al. Impact of mass
distribution of free long-lasting insecticidal nets on childhood malaria morbidity: the Togo
National Integrated Child Health Campaign. Malar J, 2010 9:199.
6. Bradley J., Matias A., Schwabe C., Vargas D., Monti F., Nseng G. et al. Increased risks of malaria
due to limited residual life of insecticide and outdoor biting versus protection by combined use of
nets and indoor residual spraying on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Malar J, 2012 11:242.
7. Overgaard H.J., Reddy V.P., Abaga S., Matias A., Reddy M.R., Kulkarni V. et al. Malaria
transmission after ve years of vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Parasit Vectors,
2012 5:253.
8. Ndong I.C., van Reenen M., Boakye D.A., Mbacham W.F., Grobler A.F. Trends in malaria
admissions at the Mbakong Health Centre of the North West Region of Cameroon: a
retrospective study. Malar J, 2014 13(1):328 (http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/14752875-13-328.pdf, accessed 20 November 2014).
9. Mawili-Mboumba D.P., Bouyou Akotet M.K., Kendjo E., Nzamba J., Medang M.O., Mbina J.R. et al.
Increase in malaria prevalence and age of at risk population in different areas of Gabon. Malar
J, 2013 12(1):3 (http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-12-3.pdf, accessed 20
November 2014).
10. Aregawi MW, Ali AS, Al-mafazy AW, Molteni F, Katikiti S, Warsame M et al. Reductions in malaria
and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up of malaria control in
Zanzibar, 1999-2008. Malar J. 2011;10(1):46 (http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/14752875-10-46.pdf, accessed 24 November 2015).
11. Karema C., Aregawi M.W., Rukundo A., Kabayiza A., Mulindahabi M., Fall I.S. et al. Trends in
malaria cases, hospital admissions and deaths following scale-up of anti-malarial interventions,
20002010, Rwanda. Malar J, 2012 11:236.
12. Aregawi M., Lynch M., Bekele W., Kebede H., Jima D., Taffese H.S. et al. Time series
analysis of trends in malaria cases and deaths at hospitals and the effect of antimalarial
interventions, 2001-2011, Ethiopia. PLoS One, 2014 9(11):e106359 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
13. Ishengoma D.S., Mmbando B.P., Segeja M.D., Alifrangis M., Lemnge M.M., Bygbjerg I.C.
Declining burden of malaria over two decades in a rural community of Muheza district, northeastern Tanzania. Malar J, 2013 12(1):338 (http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/14752875-12-338.pdf, accessed 20 November 2014).
14. Kalayjian B.C., Malhotra I., Mungai P., Holding P., King C.L. Marked decline in malaria prevalence
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15. Kigozi R., Baxi S.M., Gasasira A., Sserwanga A., Kakeeto S., Nasr S. et al. Indoor
residual spraying of insecticide and malaria morbidity in a high transmission
intensity area of Uganda. PLoS ONE, 2012 7(8):e42857.
16. Okiro E.A., Bitira D., Mbabazi G., Mpimbaza A., Alegana V.A., Talisuna A.O. et al.
Increasing malaria hospital admissions in Uganda between 1999 and 2009. BMC
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17. Mharakurwa S., Mutambu S.L., Mberikunashe J., Thuma P.E., Moss W.J., Mason
P.R. et al. Changes in the burden of malaria following scale up of malaria control
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malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-12-223.pdf, accessed 20 November
2014).
79
80
Country and area profiles

Afghanistan82
Algeria83
Angola84
Argentina85
Azerbaijan86
Bangladesh87
Belize88
Benin89
Bhutan90
Bolivia (Plurinational State of )
91
Botswana92
Brazil93
Burkina Faso
94
Burundi95
Cabo Verde
96
Cambodia97
Cameroon98
99
Chad100
China101
Colombia102
Comoros103
Congo104
Costa Rica
105
Cte dIvoire
106
Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea 107
108
Djibouti109
Dominican Republic
110
Ecuador111
El Salvador
112
Equatorial Guinea
113
Eritrea114
Ethiopia115
116
Gabon117
Gambia118
Ghana119
Guatemala120
Guinea121
Guinea-Bissau122
Guyana123
Haiti124
Honduras125
India126
Indonesia127
Iran (Islamic Republic of )
128
Kenya129
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
130
Liberia131
Madagascar132
Malawi133
Malaysia134
Mali135
Mauritania136
Mayotte, France
137
Mexico138
Mozambique139
Myanmar140
Namibia141
Nepal142
Nicaragua143
Niger144
Nigeria145
Pakistan146
Panama147
Papua New Guinea
148
Paraguay149
Peru150
Philippines151
Republic of Korea
152
Rwanda153
154
Saudi Arabia
155
Senegal156
Sierra Leone
157
Solomon Islands
158
Somalia159
South Africa
160
South Sudan
161
Sri Lanka
162
Sudan163
Suriname164
Swaziland165
Tajikistan166
Thailand167
Timor-Leste168
Togo169
Turkey170
Uganda171
United Republic of Tanzania (Mainland)172
United Republic of Tanzania (Zanzibar)173
Vanuatu174
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of )
175
Viet Nam
176
Yemen177
Zambia178
Zimbabwe179
AFGHANISTAN
Eastern
Mediterranean Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PP
no cases
80100
Based on 2013 reported data
80100
I. Epidemiological profile
Population
High transmission (>1 case per 1000 population)
Low transmission (01 cases per 1000 population)
Malaria free (0 cases)
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PF-RATIO
2014
Parasites and vectors
8500000
15400000
7720000
31600000
27
49
24
Major plasmodium species: P.falciparum (5%), P.vivax (95%)

Major anopheles species:
An. stephensi, An. superpictus, An. hyrcanus, An. pulcherrimus, An. culicifacies, An. fluviatilis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported confirmed cases:
61362 Estimated cases, 2013:
[180000350000]
Reported confirmed cases at community level: 22558
Reported deaths:
32 Estimated deaths, 2013:
[46210]
II. Intervention policies and strategies

Intervention Policies/strategies
Yes/No Adopted
ITN
ITNs/LLINs distributed free of charge
Yes
2010

ITNs/LLINs distributed to all age groups
Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2012

DDT is authorized for IRS
No
Larval control Use of larval control recommended

No
IPT
IPT used to prevent malaria during pregnancy
N/A
Diagnosis
Patients of all ages should receive diagnostic test
Yes
2000

Malaria diagnosis is free of charge in the public sector
Yes
2000
Treatment ACT is free for all ages in public sector
Yes
2003

Sale of oral artemisinin-based monotherapies
Never allowed

Single dose of primaquine is used as gametocidal medicine for P.falciparum Yes 2014

Primaquine is used for radical treatment of P.vivax
Yes 2010

G6PD test is a requirement before treatment with primaquine
Yes
2010

Directly observed treatment with primaquine is undertaken
Yes
2010

System for monitoring of adverse reactions to antimalarials exists
No
Surveillance ACD for case investigation (reactive)

Yes
2012

ACD of febrile cases at community level (pro-active)
No

Mass screening is undertaken
No
Uncomplicated P.falciparum cases routinely admitted

No
Uncomplicated P.vivax cases routinely admitted

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Management and other costs
Source: Other Nat.

Human Resources & technical Assistance
Monitoring and evaluation
Antimalarial medicines
Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs
Suspected cases tested

Antimalarials distributed vs reported cases
Insecticide & spraying materials
<5 with fever with finger/heel stick (survey)
ACTs distributed vs reported P. f. cases
Primaquine distributed vs reported P. v. cases
ACTs as % of all antimalarials received by <5 (survey)
All ages who slept under an ITN (survey)

At high risk protected with IRS
At high risk protected with ITNs

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
At high risk protected with IRS Points
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
6000
4800
3600
2400
1200
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Reporting completeness

ACTs as % of all antimalarials received by <5
Primaquine distributed vs reported P.v cases points
Primaquine distributed vs reported P.v cases
ACTs distributed vs reported P.f cases points
ACTs distributed vs reported P.f cases
distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
vs reported cases RDT positivity rate
Parasite prevalence (survey) Antimalarials
Slide positivity
Estimated cases detected - top
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
Fever cases INF5 seeking treatment at public hf
Reporting completeness points
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ABER (microscopy & RDT)
Cases (all species)
Funding source(s): Global

Fund, WHO
Cases tested and treated in public sector
% fever cases <5 seeking treatment at public HF (survey)
30
24
18
12
6
0
Pie chart includes 100%

of total contributions
Others
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Organophosphate Species/complex tested

Yes
An. stephensi, An. superpictus,
other
Insecticides & spray materials

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Human resources & technical assistance
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Pyrethroid DDT Carbamate

Yes
Yes
Yes
Financing by intervention in 2014
ITN and IRS coverage

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI Source: Other Nat.
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Malaria expenditure (USD)

Households with at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0
Insecticide susceptibility bioassays (reported resistance to at least one insecticide for any vector at any locality)
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)
Malaria admissions and deaths

5
4
3
2
1
0
Parasite prevalence
Slide positivity rate points
Slide positivity rate
RDT positivity rate points
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Admissions (all species)

Deaths (all species)
Admissions (P. vivax)

Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: On track for >75% decrease in incidence 20002015

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
82
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015
Admissions (P.vivax) points

Admissions (P.vivax)
Cases (all species) points
Admissions (all species) points
Cases (all species)
Deaths (P.vivax) points

Deaths (P.vivax)
Deaths (all species) points
50
40
30
20
10
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
Follow-up No. of studies Species
AS+SP 20052013
0 0 1 28 days 8
P.falciparum
CQ
20072009
0
0
0
28 days
4
P.vivax

Sources of financing
Global Fund
Adopted
CQ
AS+SP+PQ
2014

AM; AS; QN
CQ+PQ(8w)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d), 0.75/kg (8 w)

P.f + all species (Combo).
Therapeutic efficacy tests (clinical and parasitological failure, %)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine
First-line treatment of unconfirmed malaria

First-line treatment of P.falciparum
Treatment failure of P.falciparum
Treatment of severe malaria
Treatment of P.vivax
Dosage of primaquine for radical treatment of P.vivax
Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Antimalaria treatment policy
ALGERIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014

0
38900000
38900000
0
100
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Number of active foci
Number of people living within active foci
Number of people living in malaria free areas
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. multicolor, An. labranchiae, An. sergentii, An. hispaniola
Programme phase:
Elimination
Total confirmed cases, 2014:
266
Total deaths, 2014:
0
Indigenous cases, 2014:
0
Indigenous deaths, 2014:
0
Introduced cases, 2014:
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1980

No

Yes
IPT
-
Diagnosis

Yes
1968

Never allowed

Single dose of primaquine is used as gametocidal medicine for P.falciparum Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Foci and case investigation undertaken
Yes
1968

Case reporting from private sector is mandatory
Yes
World Bank
Funding source(s): Government,

WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0
Suspected cases tested points

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ACTs distributed vs reported P. falciparum cases
Cases investigated

Primaquine distributed vs reported P.vivax cases
ACTs distributed vs reported P.falciparum cases points
ACTs distributed vs reported P.falciparum cases
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF

At risk protected with IRS

Primaquine distributed vs reported P. v cases
Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Malaria budget (USD)
At risk protected with ITNs

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
CQ
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated
Number of malaria cases

1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
Cases
100
80
60
40
20
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated points
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Indigenous cases (P. falciparum)
Imported cases
Indigenous cases (P. vivax)

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Slide positivity points
Imported WORLD
cases points MALARIA REPORT 2015
Imported cases
Indigenous (P.vivax) points
83
ANGOLA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
24200000
0
0
24200000
100
0
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
2298979 Estimated cases, 2013: [20000005100000]
Reported deaths:
[890020000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2001

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2003

No

Yes
2009
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2006
Yes
2006

are allowed

Single dose of primaquine is used as gametocidal medicine for P.falciparum No

Yes 2006

Yes
2006

No

Yes
2006
No

No

No

No

No

Yes
Yes
Yes

No
An. coustani, An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
Source: MIS 2007, MIS 2011
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
With access to an ITN (model)

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected with IRS points
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


2000
1600
1200
800
400
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20102015
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: Insufficiently consistent data to assess trends

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
84
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
250
200
150
100
50
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

With access to an ITN (survey)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20132013 2.7
7.2
11.7
28 days
2
P.falciparum
DHA-PPQ
20132013
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.falciparum

No data reported for 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
2006
AL
2006
QN 2006
AS; QN
2006

0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

P.f + P.v specific (Combo).
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
ARGENTINA
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014

43000000
43000000
100

An. pseudopunctipennis, An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Elimination
4
Total deaths, 2014:
0
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2013

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1980
Yes



Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
(%)
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Primaquine distributed vs reported P. vivax cases
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Funding source(s): Government
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Population (%)
Cases (%)
Year
20102014

Positivity rate (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
8
6
4
2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max


Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Adopted
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
AL+PQ
CQ+PQ
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

5
4
3
2
1
0
Cases
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
500
400
300
200
100
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
85
AZERBAIJAN
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
European Region
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014

0
9630000
9630000
0
100

An. sacharovi, An. maculipennis
Programme phase:
Elimination
2
Total deaths, 2014:
0
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1930

No

Yes
1930
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1930
Yes
2009



Yes 1956

No

Yes
1956

Yes
1956
Yes
1930

Yes
1930

No

Yes
1998
Yes
1998

Yes
1930

Yes
2008
World Bank

WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
An. maculipennis, An. sacharovi
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF


Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Year
2010

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

300
240
180
120
60
0
86
Adopted
AS+SP
2008
AS+SP
2008
QN+CL 2008
AS; QN
2008
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Imported cases points

Imported cases
Imported cases
BANGLADESH
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
4230000
12300000
142600000
159100000
3
8
90

An. dirus, An. minimus, An. philippinensis, An. sundaicus, An. albimanus, An. annularis
Programme phase:
Control
10216 Estimated cases, 2013: [5000001000000]
Reported deaths:
[693200]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2008

No
1993
Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
Yes
2008

Never allowed


Yes 2008

No

No

Yes
2008
Yes
2008

Yes
2008

No

No

No
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2011

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
At high risk protected with IRSSource: DHS 2000, DHS 2004, DHS 2007, DHS 2011
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
6000
4800
3600
2400
1200
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Fund, WHO
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0

-
An. annularis, An. philippinensis,
An. vagus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20122014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

600
480
360
240
120
0
Deaths
World Bank
2004
2004
2004
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
P.f + P.v, P.o, P.m (Combo).
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062014
0
0
11.1
28 days
10
P.falciparum
QN+DX
20082009
0
0
0
28 days
1
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted

AL
QN+D; QN+T
AM; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
87
BELIZE
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
8
8590
343000
351590
2
98

An. albimanus, An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
19
Total deaths, 2014:
19
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes
2010

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes
World Bank
Funding source(s): Global Fund,

Other (all types)

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF

Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

15
12
9
6
3
0
88
Adopted
CQ+PQ (1d)

AL; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
BENIN
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
10600000
0
0
10600000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. melas
Programme phase:
Control
1044235 Estimated cases, 2013: [23000004000000]
Reported deaths:
[44008200]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2007

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

No
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2011

Yes
2008
No

Is banned


No


No

Yes
2005

Yes

No

Yes

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Yes
An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.l.,
other
Others
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2006, DHS 2012
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2001, DHS 2006, DHS 2012

100
80
60
40
20
0
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

25
20
15
10
5
0
Deaths
Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000
Year
20102014
120
96
72
48
24
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
0.75
6.5
28 days
6
P.falciparum

Government
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
AS; QN
2004

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
89
BHUTAN
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014

121000
644000
765000
16
84

An. culicifacies, An. maculatus, An. philippiensis, An. annularis
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
41
Total deaths, 2014:
0
19
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1964

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1964

Yes
1964
Yes
2006

Never allowed


Yes

No

No

Yes
2012
Yes
2013

No

Yes
2011
Yes
2012
Yes
2012

Yes
2012

No
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

-
An. pseudowillori
Others
Cases tested
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases tracked
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

(%)
Cases (%)

No
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Positivity rate (%)
Year
20102012
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
0
0
28 days
23
P.falciparum
CQ
20052011
0
0
0
28 days
22
P.vivax

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
RDT positivity rate
8000
6400
4800
3200
1600
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

20
16
12
8
4
0
90
Adopted
AL
2006
QN 2006
AM; QN
2006
CQ+PQ(14d)
2006
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Cases
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL STATE OF)
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
265000
4540000
5790000
10600000
2
43
55

An. darlingi, An. pseudopunctipennis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[780020000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1959

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2000

Yes
1996
Yes
2003

Is banned


Yes 1998

No

No

No

Yes

No

Yes
1998
No

No

-
An. darlingi
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0

Primaquine distributed vs reported P.v. cases points
Primaquine distributed vs reported P.v. cases
Antimalarials distributed vs reported cases points
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

Tests (%)
(%)

Yes
-
-
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

10
8
6
4
2
0
300
240
180
120
60
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

15
12
9
6
3
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
2013
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20062011
0
8.1
10.4
28 days
4
P.vivax

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+MQ+PQ
2001
QN+CL
QN
2001
CQ+PQ(7d)
2001
0.50 mg/kg (7 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
91
BOTSWANA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
93500
1380000
748000
2220000
4
62
34

An. arabiensis, An. gambiae
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[5302100]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1950

Yes

Yes
2012
IPT
-
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
1974
Yes
2007

Never allowed 2007

Single dose of primaquine is used as gametocidal medicine for P.falciparum


No

No

Yes

Yes
2012

Yes
2012


2012
No

No

-
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
1200
960
720
480
240
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
No
No
Cases (P. vivax)

2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
92
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
40
32
24
16
8
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20102013
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
2007
AL
2007
QN 2007
QN
2007

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
BRAZIL
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
4740000
37100000
164300000
206100000
2
18
80

An. darlingi, An. albitarsis, An. aquasalis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported confirmed cases at community level:
0
Reported deaths:
[200000260000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2007

Yes
2007
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1945

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1972

Yes
1972
Yes
2006

Never allowed


Yes 1972

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
Median
0
0
1.3
Max
0
0
5.2

28 days
2
P.falciparum
42 days
3
P.falciparum
28 days
3
P.vivax
Year
20112014

Yes
-
-

-
An. albitarsis, An. darlingi, other
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

Tests (%)
(%)
Min
0
0
0
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

10
8
6
4
2
0
15 000
12 000
9000
6000
3000
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

250
200
150
100
50
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20052007
20052007
20052014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

20
16
12
8
4
0
Medicine
AL
AS+MQ
CQ+PQ
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL+PQ(1d); AS+MQ+PQ(1d)
2012
QN+D+PQ
AM+CL; AS+CL; QN+CL
CQ+PQ(7d)
2006
0.50 mg/kg (7 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
93
BURKINA FASO
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
17600000
0
0
17600000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
5428655 Estimated cases, 2013: [470000010000000]
Reported deaths:
[1200032000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2007

Yes
1998
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
2012
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
No

Never allowed


No

No

No

Yes
2009
No

No

No

Yes

No
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2010

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
3000
2400
1800
1200
600
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI, World Bank,
WHO, UNICEF, Other bilaterals,
Other (all types)
Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2003, MICS 2006, DHS 2010

350
280
210
140
70
0

Yes
An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii, An.
gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

40
32
24
16
8
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
94
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
60
48
36
24
12
0
Deaths
Global Fund

Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052012
0
6.15
12.5
28 days
9
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20062012
0
5.05
21.5
28 days
6
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL; AS+AQ
2005
AL; AS+AQ
2005
QN
AS; QN
P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
BURUNDI
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
10800000
0
0
10800000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
4585273 Estimated cases, 2013: [9900002000000]
Reported deaths:
[17005600]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2000

No

No
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2012

No

Yes
2009

Is banned 2003



No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes
2003

USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Global Fund, PMI
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2010, MIS 2012, DHS 2013
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2005, DHS 2010, MIS 2012, DHS 2013

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

No
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes Yes
Yes
500
400
300
200
100
0
Year
2014
Cases (P. vivax)

80
64
48
32
16
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

35
28
21
14
7
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20052006 2.9
5.2
7.5
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2003
AS+AQ
2003
QN 2003
AS; QN
2003

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
35
28
21
14
7
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
95
CABO VERDE
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
10
483000
30900
513900
94
6
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
46
Total deaths, 2014:
26
20
2
2

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1998

No

Yes
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
1998

Yes
1975
Yes
2008

are allowed


No

No

Yes

Yes
2007
Yes
2001

Yes
2001

Yes
2001
Yes
2007
No

Yes

Yes
World Bank
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Global Fund, WHO
Cases tested
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others


Positivity rate (%)
WHO/UNICEF
(%)
Cases (%)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
USAID/PMI

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
200
160
120
80
40
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

25
20
15
10
5
0
96
Adopted
AL
2007
AL
2007
QN
QN
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
25
20
15
10
5
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
CAMBODIA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
7360000
3460000
4480000
15300000
48
23
29

An. dirus, An. minimus, An. maculatus, An. sundaicus
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[6200095000]
[10220]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2000

Yes
2000
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2000

Yes
2000
Yes
2000

Is banned 2008


Yes 2013

Yes
2012

No

Yes
2010
No

No

Yes
2010
No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Yes Yes
-

-
An. dirus, An. minimus, other


Global Fund, PMI, WHO
Others
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
20 000
16 000
12 000
8000
4000
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

42 days
14
P.falciparum
42 days
25
P.falciparum
28 days
6
P.vivax

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Max
19.4
62.5
3.3
10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
2014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Median
3.15
8.1
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Min
0
0
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI Source: DHS 2005
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20052011
20082015
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

800
640
480
320
160
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
AS+MQ
DHA-PPQ
DHA-PPQ
Global Fund
Adopted
AS+MQ; DHA-PPQ+PQ
2000
QN+T 2000
AM; AS; QN
DHA-PPQ
2011
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: On track for 5075% decrease in case incidence 20002015

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
97
CAMEROON
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
16200000
6600000
0
22800000
71
29
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. moucheti, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
- Estimated cases, 2013: [34000007500000]
0
Reported deaths:
[520014000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

No
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2011

No

No

Is banned


No



Yes
2004

No

No

No

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

No
An. gambiae s.s.
Others

Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
Yes
Yes
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2006, DHS 2011
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
data reported
2014
ACTsNo
distributed
vs reported P.ffor
cases
points
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
98
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
40
32
24
16
8
0
Deaths
Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000
Year
20102014
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20052013
0
3.7
8.7
28 days
15
P.falciparum
AL
20062013
0
1.9
5
28 days
12
P.falciparum

Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS, AM; QN
2004

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
200
160
120
80
40
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
4800000
0
0
4800000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
295088 Estimated cases, 2013: [8700002400000]
Reported deaths:
[27004900]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2012

No

No
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes
2010

Is banned


No

No

No

No

No

No



No
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: MICS 2006
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Source: MICS 2006

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes Yes
No
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

35
28
21
14
7
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20082010
0
3.8
7.6
28 days
2
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20082010
0
3.4
6.8
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
2005
AL
QN
AS, AM; QN
2005

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
99
CHAD
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
9160000
4290000
149000
13600000
67
32
1

An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. pharoensis, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
914032 Estimated cases, 2013: [7100003300000]
Reported deaths:
[330011000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2010

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

No
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes

Is banned 2012


No

No

No

Yes

No



Yes


No
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Source: DHS 2004
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
400
320
240
160
80
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
Yes
No
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
100
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
15
12
9
6
3
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20112014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20092011
0
0
1.8
28 days
3
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL; AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ
QN
AS,QN
2014

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
CHINA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
56
47900
1377200000
1377247900
0
100

An. sinensis, An. anthropophagus, An. dirus, An. minimus
Programme phase:
Elimination
2921
Total deaths, 2014:
56
0
24
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2003

Yes
2000
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2000

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2000

No

Yes
2006

Is banned


Yes 1970

No

Yes
1970

Yes
1970
Yes
2010

Yes
2010

Yes
2010
No

No

Yes
2010

Yes
1956
World Bank
Source: DHS 2012
WHO/UNICEF

Yes
Yes
-

Yes
An. sinensis, An. vagus

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

28 days
2
P.vivax
28 days
11
P.vivax
42 days
5
P.falciparum
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Max
0
4.3
6
Others


Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
Median
0
0
0

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
(%)
Cases (%)
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Year
20102012
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Min
0
0
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20082010
20082013
20122014
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
CQ+PQ
CQ
DHA-PPQ
Global Fund
Adopted
ART+NQ; ART-PPQ; AS+AQ; DHA-PPQ 2009

AM; AS; PYR
2009
CQ+PQ(8d)
2006
0.75mg/kg(8 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Cases
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
40 000
32 000
24 000
16 000
8000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
101
COLOMBIA
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
2150000
8470000
37200000
47800000
5
18
78

An. darlingi, An. albimanus, An. nuneztovari, An. neivai, An. punctimacula, An. pseudopunctipennis
Programme phase:
Control
[57000100000]
Reported deaths:
<100

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1958

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1984

Yes
1958
Yes
2008

are allowed


Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes
1998

No

No

No

No
World Bank
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Global Fund, AMI/RAVREDA

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Tests (%)
Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

No
An. albimanus, An. darlingi,
other
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
30
24
18
12
6
0
Year
20112014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ+PQ
20062011
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.vivax
AL
20072009
0
0.6
1
28 days
3
P.falciparum

Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

10
8
6
4
2
0
800
640
480
320
160
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
102
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
200
160
120
80
40
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Adopted
IV. Coverage
AL
2006
QN+CL 2004
AS; AL
CQ+PQ
1960s
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
35
28
21
14
7
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
COMOROS
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
366000
404000
0
770000
48
52
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[82000180000]
[10660]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2010

Yes

No
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
1997

Yes
2011
Yes
2010

Is banned 2005


No

No

No

No

Yes
2013

No

Yes
2010
Yes

No
(%)
World Bank
Source: DHS 2012
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2012
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
Cases per 1000

Global Fund, WHO, UNICEF, Other
bilaterals, Other (all types)

100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5000
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

-
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Year
20142015
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062013
0
0
3.2
28 days
16
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2003
AL
2003
QN 2003
QN
2003

IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
103
CONGO
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
4500000
0
0
4500000
100
0
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. nili, An. moucheti
Programme phase:
Control
66323 Estimated cases, 2013: [5000001200000]
0
Reported deaths:
[3002300]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2011

Yes
2011
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

No
IPT
Yes
2006
Diagnosis
Yes

No

No

Is banned 2006


No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected
with IRS
1200
960
720
480
240
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
Yes
No
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
104
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20132014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

35
28
21
14
7
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20052014
0
2.7
5.6
28 days
3
P.falciparum
AL
20062014
0
2.8
3.6
28 days
3
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
QN
P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
COSTA RICA
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014

0
4760000
4760000
0
100

An. albimanus
Programme phase:
Elimination
6
Total deaths, 2014:
0
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1957

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1957
No



Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

-
-
Others
Cases tested
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases tracked
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

(%)
Cases (%)

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Positivity rate (%)
Year
20102014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

30
24
18
12
6
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
CQ+PQ(1d)
AL
QN
CQ+PQ(7d); CQ+PQ(14d)
0.50 mg/kg (7 d), 0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

200
160
120
80
40
0
Cases
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
4000
3200
2400
1600
800
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
105
CTE DIVOIRE
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
22200000
0
0
22200000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

Programme phase:
Control
3712831 Estimated cases, 2013: [640000011000000]
Reported deaths:
[1200020000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
No

No

IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
2012
Yes

Is banned





Yes

No




Yes

No

Yes
Yes
Yes

Yes
An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.l., An.
gambiae s.s.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
800
640
480
320
160
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20102013
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
106
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

200
160
120
80
40
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052014
0
1.5
7.4
28 days
12
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20072014
0
0
1.3
28 days
7
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
2003
AS+AQ
2003
AL 2003
QN
2003

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
250
200
150
100
50
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014

11700000
13300000
25000000
47
53

An. sinensis
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
10535
Total deaths, 2014:
10535
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2002

Yes
2002
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2005



Yes
2002
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1953

Yes
1953

Never allowed


Yes 2000

No

Yes
2000

Yes
2002
No

Yes
2012

No

No

No

No

No
World Bank

Global Fund, WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

No
Anopheles spp.
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF


Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
150 000
120 000
90 000
60 000
30 000
0
Cases
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
107
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
72700000
2200000
0
74900000
97
3
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. nili, An. moucheti
Programme phase:
Control
9968983 Estimated cases, 2013: [1600000026000000]
Reported deaths:
[3300072000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

Yes
1998
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2010
Yes
2005

Is banned 2009


No

No

No

Yes
2010

Yes
2010

No

No

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2007, MICS 2010, DHS 2013, DHS 2014

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI, WHO, UNICEF,
Other bilaterals
Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2007, MICS 2010, DHS 2013, DHS 2014

150
120
90
60
30
0

No
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
No
Cases (P. vivax)

20
16
12
8
4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
108
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
50
40
30
20
10
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102015
Cases (%)
Global Fund

Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20052012
0
4.2
6.9
28 days
8
P.falciparum
AL
20052013
0
2.4
9.2
28 days
10
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2005
AS+AQ
2005
QN 2005
AS, QN
2005

IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
200
160
120
80
40
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
DJIBOUTI
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
0
438000
438000
876000
0
50
50

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[100017000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
2008
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
2007
Yes
2007

Never allowed


Yes 2014

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
No
-

No
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
Source: Other Nat.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected
with IRS
Source: Other Nat.
1500
1200
900
600
300
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER

2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
2011
Cases (P. vivax)
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

30
24
18
12
6
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

15
12
9
6
3
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
2014
AL+PQ
2014
AS+AQ 2014
QN
CQ+PQ (14 d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
AdmissionsWORLD
(P.vivax)

Cases (all species)


Deaths (P.vivax)
MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species) points
109
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
96200
4910000
5390000
10400000
1
47
52

An. albimanus
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
Reported deaths:
[650980]
<10
Adopted

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1946

No

Yes
1964
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1964

Yes
1964
No



Yes 1964

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes
1964

Yes
1964
No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Source: DHS 2007

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Tests (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Global Fund, Other (all types)
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

Others
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
An. albimanus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
No
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20122014
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

15
12
9
6
3
0
200
160
120
80
40
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
110
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
20
16
12
8
4
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Global Fund
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

P.f only.
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government

CQ+PQ(1d)
CQ; QN
CQ; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Medicine

Type of RDT used
ECUADOR
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014

15900000
15900000
100

An. albimanus, An. punctimacula, An. pseudopunctipennis
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
241
Total deaths, 2014:
241

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2005

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1956

Yes
1956
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

No
World Bank
Positivity rate (%)
WHO/UNICEF
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Funding source(s): Other (all

types)
Cases tested
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others

25
20
15
10
5
0
USAID/PMI
(%)
Cases (%)

Yes
An. albimanus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
No
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112012
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052006
0
0
0
28 days
1
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AL+PQ
2012
QN+CL 2004
QN
2004
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.50 mg/kg (7 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

10
8
6
4
2
0
120 000
96 000
72 000
48 000
24 000
0
Cases
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
111
EL SALVADOR
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
2
92700
6020000
6112700
2
98

An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
8
Total deaths, 2014:
6
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes

No

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No
World Bank

WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF

Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
800
640
480
320
160
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

25
20
15
10
5
0
112
Adopted
CQ+PQ(1d)
AL
QN
2012
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
821000
0
0
821000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. melas
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
- Estimated deaths, 2013:
[68000290000]
[160440]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2004

Yes
2015
Yes
2013
IPT
-
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
2007
Yes
2010

Is banned 2014


No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes
Yes
No

No
An. coluzzii, other
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20062011
0
2.3
5
28 days
5
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS
2004

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
113
ERITREA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
3630000
1480000
0
5110000
71
29
0

An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[42000120000]
[10270]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2002

Yes
2002
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1995

No

Yes
1995
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
1997

Yes
1997
Yes
2007

Never allowed


Yes 2002

No

No

Yes
2013
Yes

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
800
640
480
320
160
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Other bilaterals
Others
10
8
6
4
2
0

Cases (P. vivax)

2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
114
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
(%)
World Bank

No
An. funestus s.l., An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20062012
0
2.25
9.3
28 days
16
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2007
AS+AQ
2007
QN 2002
QN
2002
AS+AQ+PQ
2007
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
ETHIOPIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
26400000
39600000
31000000
97000000
27
41
32

An. arabiensis, An. pharoensis, An. funestus, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
2118815 Estimated cases, 2013: [7900007900000]
Reported deaths:
[24019000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2004
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1960

No

Yes
1960
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
1960

Yes
1960
Yes
2004

Never allowed 2004


No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Yes
Yes
Yes

Yes
An. arabiensis, An. gambiae s.l.

Funding source(s): Global Fund
Others
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2005
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2011

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

28 days
1
P.falciparum
28 days
4
P.vivax
28 days
17
P.falciparum

ITNs
Diagnostic testing

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Max
10
13.7
7.5
50
40
30
20
10
0
Year
20102014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Median
10
7.05
1.1
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Min
10
3.8
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Year
20062006
20062010
20062013
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
QN
CQ
AL
Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004
CQ
2004
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
200
160
120
80
40
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
115
FRENCH GUIANA, FRANCE
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
223000
37800
0
261000
86
14
0

An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[9403400]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2012

Yes
2012
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

No

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

-
-
-

-
-
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

Tests (%)
(%)
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

30
24
18
12
6
0
120
96
72
48
24
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
116
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

25
20
15
10
5
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
AQ+PG
Artesunate IV + relais AL
CQ+ PQ aprs dosage G6PD
0.50 mg/kg (14 d)

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
GABON
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
1690000
0
0
1690000
100
0
0

An. funestus, An. gambiae, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[110000630000]
[96510]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No
2005

Yes
2007
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2013

No

Yes
2013
IPT
Yes
2003
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

No

No

Is banned


No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
(%)
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2012

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
4000
3200
2400
1600
800
0
Cases per 1000

WHO, Other bilaterals, Other
(all types)

100
80
60
40
20
0


distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
60
48
36
24
12
0
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

200
160
120
80
40
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2003
AS+AQ
2003
AL 2003
AS; AM; QN
2003

PAN-only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
117
GAMBIA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
1930000
0
0
1930000
100
0
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. melas, An. pharoensis, An. funestus, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
[330000560000]
Reported deaths:
[120930]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2000

Yes
1998
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2008

Yes
2007

IPT
Yes
2002
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes
1998
Yes
2008

are allowed











USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2006

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected
with IRS
Source: MICS 2006
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

(all types)
200
160
120
80
40
0

Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
(%)
World Bank

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-
Cases (P. vivax)

50
40
30
20
10
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
118
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
30
24
18
12
6
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20072013
0
1.6
11.9
28 days
7
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2005
AL
2005
QN 2005
QN
2005

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
GHANA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
26800000
0
0
26800000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
3415912 Estimated cases, 2013: [580000011000000]
0
Reported deaths:
[590018000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2005

No

Yes
1999
IPT
Yes
2003
Diagnosis
Yes
2008

No

No

Is banned 2006


No

No

No

Yes
2001
No

No

No

No

No
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI, WHO, UNICEF,
Other (all types)
Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

150
120
90
60
30
0

No
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

35
28
21
14
7
0
Deaths
Global Fund

Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
0
13.8
28 days
11
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20052011
0
3.15
14
28 days
12
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AL; AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
119
GUATEMALA
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
3980000
8290000
3720000
16000000
25
52
23

An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis, An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[660023000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
2005
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Tests (%)
Test positivity
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)
Funding source(s): AMI,

Government, Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Yes
An. albimanus, An. darlingi, An.
vestitipennis

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
-
No
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

5
4
3
2
1
0
5
4
3
2
1
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
120
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
Global Fund

10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
2011
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
Adopted
CQ+PQ(3d)

QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Medicine

Type of RDT used
GUINEA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
12300000
0
0
12300000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. melas, An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
660207 Estimated cases, 2013: [38000006000000]
Reported deaths:
[740013000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2013

No

No
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2012

Yes
2012
Yes
2010

Is banned


No

No

No

Yes
2009

No

No

Yes
2009
No

Yes
Yes
Yes

-
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Source: DHS 2012
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected
with IRS
1000
800
600
400
200
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20122014
Cases (P. vivax)

2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

60
48
36
24
12
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
QN
AS
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
30
24
18
12
6
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
121
GUINEA-BISSAU
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
1800000
0
0
1800000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[70000370000]
[160990]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
No

No

No
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
No

Is banned 2006


No

No

No

Yes

No

No


USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2006

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected
with IRS
Source: MICS 2006
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, WHO, UNICEF
Others
60
48
36
24
12
0

Cases (P. vivax)

20
16
12
8
4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
122
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Deaths
(%)
World Bank

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062008 3.6
3.6
3.6
28 days
1
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
AL
QN
AS; QN
P.f only.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
GUYANA
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
267000
443000
53500
764000
35
58
7

An. darlingi, An. aquasalis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[4500090000]
[10190]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1946

Yes
1946
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
At high Source:
risk protected
with IRS
DHS 2005, DHS 2009
Tests (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Government, Global Fund, WHO
60
48
36
24
12
0

Others
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

35
28
21
14
7
0
1200
960
720
480
240
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

50
40
30
20
10
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20062006 32.4
32.4
32.4
28 days
1
P.vivax

Global Fund
Adopted
AL+PQ(1d)
2004
QN+T 2004
AM
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
123
HAITI
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
5620000
4980000
0
10600000
53
47
0

An. albimanus
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[62000170000]
[10600]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2012

Yes
2012
IRS
IRS is recommended
No

No

Yes
2011
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1988

Yes
2011
Yes

Never allowed


No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
100
80
60
40
20
0
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Funding source(s): AMI, Global

Fund, WHO
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
AtSource:
high riskDHS
protected
with IRS
2000, DHS 2006, DHS 2012

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Parasite prevalence (survey)
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


No
An. albimanus
Others
Tests (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
20132014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Source: DHS 2012, Other Nat.
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

40
32
24
16
8
0
1200
960
720
480
240
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
124
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
120
96
72
48
24
0
Deaths
World Bank
Adopted
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund

CQ+PQ(1d)
MQ; SP
QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
25
20
15
10
5
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
HONDURAS
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
371000
4670000
2920000
7960000
5
59
37

An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis, An. darlingi, An. cruzii, An. argyritarsis
Programme phase:
Control
[820015000]
Reported deaths:
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No
World Bank
WHO/UNICEF

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Source: DHS 2006

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
Cases per 1000

Government, Global Fund, Other
(all types)

100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others
Tests (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

-
An. albimanus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
-
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
10
8
6
4
2
0
Year
20132014
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

5
4
3
2
1
0
5
4
3
2
1
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20082009
0
0
0
28 days
1
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
CQ+PQ(1d)
SP 2011
QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
125
INDIA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
181300000
997400000
116600000
1295300000
14
77
9

An. culicifacies, An. fluviatilis, An. stephensi, An. minimus, An. dirus, An. annularis
Programme phase:
Control
1102205 Estimated cases, 2013: [1000000026000000]
Reported deaths:
[230055000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2001

Yes
2001
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1953

Yes
1953
Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1958

Yes
1953
Yes
2006

Is banned 2009


Yes 1982

No

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

No
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Source: DHS 2006

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
5
4
3
2
1
0
Source: DHS 2006
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Yes
An. culicifacies s.l., An. fluviatilis

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0

Yes
Yes
Yes

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102015
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
126
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Deaths
World Bank
2007
2007
2007
2007
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+SP
20052012
0
0
25.9
28 days
36
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
CQ
AS+SP+PQ
QN+D; QN+T
AM; AS; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
150
120
90
60
30
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
INDONESIA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
30000000
36500000
188000000
254500000
12
14
74

An. sundaicus, An. balabacensis, An. maculatus, An. farauti, An. subpictus, An. subpictus
Programme phase:
Control
252027 Estimated cases, 2013: [32000005300000]
0
Reported deaths:
[54012000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2004
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1959

No

Yes
1990
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
1959
Yes
2004

Never allowed 2010


Yes 2004

No

No

No

Yes
1965

Yes
1965

Yes
1965
Yes
1990
Yes
1990
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Source: DHS 2007
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Tests (%)
Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, WHO, UNICEF
10
8
6
4
2
0

Others
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)

No
An. subpictus s.l., An. sundaicus
s.l., other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
No
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112014
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1000
800
600
400
200
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
DHA-PP+PQ
2008
QN+D+PQ 2004
AM; AS; QN
2004
AS+AQ; DHA-PP+PQ(14d)
2008
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species) points
127
IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
319
606000
77500000
78106000
1
99
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR

An. stephensi, An. culicifacies, An. fluviatilis, An. superpictus
Programme phase:
Elimination
1243
Total deaths, 2014:
0
358
0
7

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1949

No

Yes
1949
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1949
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes 1949

No

Yes
1949

Yes
1949
Yes
1949

Yes
1949

No

No

No

Yes
2010

Yes
1949
World Bank
Source: Other Nat.
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Global Fund, WHO
Cases tested
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others


Positivity rate (%)
WHO/UNICEF
(%)
Cases (%)
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
USAID/PMI

Yes
An. stephensi, An. culicifacies,
other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102012
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+SP 20052012
0 0 1 28 days 15
P.falciparum
CQ+PQ
20082011
0
0
0
28 days
4
P.vivax

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

300
240
180
120
60
0
128
Adopted
AS+SP; AS+SP+PQ
2010
AL; AL+PQ
2010
AS; QN+D
CQ+PQ(14d & 8w)
0.75 mg/kg (8 w)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
KENYA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
31500000
13400000
0
44900000
70
30
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. merus
Programme phase:
Control
2808931 Estimated cases, 2013: [380000011000000]
Reported deaths:
[250012000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2003

No

No
IPT
Yes
2001
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes

Yes
2006

Is banned





Yes

No

No

No

No

USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
(%)
World Bank
Cases (%)
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2009

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
600
480
360
240
120
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI, WHO, Other
(all types)
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Pie chart includess 78%

80
64
48
32
16
0

Yes
An. arabiensis, An. funestus s.l.,
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

20
16
12
8
4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

200
160
120
80
40
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102015
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
1.65
6.6
28 days
16
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
129
LAO PEOPLES DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
2090000
4110000
494000
6690000
31
61
7

An. dirus, An. minimus, An. maculatus, An. jeyporiensis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[72000120000]
[10340]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2003

Yes
2000
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2010

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2003

Yes
2005
Yes
2005

Is banned 2005


Yes

Yes
2010

No

No

Yes
2012

Yes
2012

No

Yes

Yes
World Bank
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, WHO, Other
(all types)
10
8
6
4
2
0

Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
-
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
130
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
350
280
210
140
70
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20132014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052015
0
2.4
18.1
28 days
13
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2001
QN+D 2001
AS+AL
2001
CQ+PQ(14d)
2001
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
LIBERIA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
4400000
0
0
4400000
100
0
0

An. gambiae
Programme phase:
Control
864204 Estimated cases, 2013: [11000002100000]
Reported deaths:
[12002900]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2009

No

No
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
Yes
2005

Is banned 2011


No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)
Source: MIS 2009, MIS 2011, DHS 2013
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2007, MIS 2009,

MIS 2011, DHS 2013

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
6000
4800
3600
2400
1200
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI
Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2007, MIS 2009, MIS 2011, DHS 2013

500
400
300
200
100
0

No
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

60
48
36
24
12
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

60
48
36
24
12
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20072011
0
0
1
28 days
4
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004

P.f only.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
35
28
21
14
7
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
131
MADAGASCAR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
20700000
2890000
0
23600000
88
12
0

An. funestus, An. gambiae, An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
365239 Estimated cases, 2013: [7500002100000]
Reported deaths:
[877400]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1993

No

No
IPT
Yes
2006
Diagnosis
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
Yes
2006

Is banned 2006


No

No

Yes

Yes
2008
Yes
2003

Yes
1993

Yes
2003
Yes
2006
No
World Bank
USAID/PMI

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

WHO, UNICEF
Others
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2004, DHS 2009, MIS 2011, DHS 2013
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
80
64
48
32
16
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

20
16
12
8
4
0

No
An. funestus s.l., An. gambiae s.l.,
An. mascarensis

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (all species)
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: Less than 50% change in incidence projected, 20002015

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
132
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102015
Cases (%)
Global Fund

Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062006 1.7
1.7
1.7
28 days
1
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20062013
0
0
8.7
28 days
18
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2006
AS+AQ
2006
QN 2006
QN
2006

IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
80
64
48
32
16
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
MALAWI
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
16700000
0
0
16700000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
2905310 Estimated cases, 2013: [27000004500000]
Reported deaths:
[250011000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

No
IPT
Yes
1993
Diagnosis
Yes
2011

No

Yes
2007

Is banned 2011


No

No

No

Yes
2007
No

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

No
An. funestus s.l., An. funestus s.s.,
An. gambiae s.l.
Others

100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2006, DHS 2010, DHS 2012, MIS 2012
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2000, DHS 2004, MICS 2006, DHS 2010, MIS 2012

100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)
Cases (P. vivax)

35
28
21
14
7
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER

Test positivity
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Source: DHS 2004, DHS 2010, DHS 2012, MIS 2012
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000

Yes
No
Yes
200
160
120
80
40
0
Year
20102014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052012
0
4.45
19.5
28 days
8
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20052012
0
1.7
3.6
28 days
3
P.falciparum

Government
Adopted
AL
2007
AL
2007
AS+AQ 2007
AS; QN
2007

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
133
MALAYSIA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014

1300000
28600000
29900000
4
96

An. balabacensis, An. donaldi, An. maculatus, An. sundaicus, An. flavirostris
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
3923
Total deaths, 2014:
9
3147
4
8

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1995

Yes
1995
IRS
IRS is recommended

No

Yes
1901
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1967

Never allowed


Yes 1993

Yes
1993

Yes

Yes
2003
Yes
1965

Yes
1965

Yes
1965
Yes
2013
Yes
2013

Yes
1995

Yes
1988
World Bank
Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
(%)
Cases (%)
WHO/UNICEF


Positivity rate (%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
15 000
12 000
9000
6000
3000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

200
160
120
80
40
0
134
Adopted
AS+MQ
QN+T
QN+T
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.50 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
MALI
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
15400000
1710000
0
17100000
90
10
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. funestus, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
2039853 Estimated cases, 2013: [59000008800000]
Reported deaths:
[1500025000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

No
IPT
Yes
2003
Diagnosis
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
No

Is banned


No


No

Yes
2010
No

Yes
2008

No

Yes
1993

USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Funding source(s): PMI, UNICEF
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
4000
3200
2400
1600
800
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

Yes
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
120
96
72
48
24
0
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

20
16
12
8
4
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20052007
0
2.25
7.6
28 days
4
P.falciparum
AL
20052014
0
1.75
3.8
28 days
10
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2007
AL; AS+AQ
2007
AL 2007
QN
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
135
MAURITANIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
2780000
1190000
0
3970000
70
30
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. pharoensis
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[40000120000]
[2401500]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1998

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
No

No

Yes
2013
IPT
Yes
2008
Diagnosis
Yes
2011

Yes
2009
Yes
2009

Is banned


Yes

Yes

No

Yes


Yes

Yes

Yes

-
-
-

-
-
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: MICS 2007
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


800
640
480
320
160
0
Source: MICS 2007

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
136
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
10
8
6
4
2
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5
4
3
2
1
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+AQ
20122012 1.8
1.8
1.8
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ

QN
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
MAYOTTE, FRANCE
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
1
59100
169000
228100
26
74
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. funestus, An. gambiae
Programme phase:
Elimination
15
Total deaths, 2014:
1
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2010

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended

No

Yes
IPT
No
Diagnosis
No

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
III. Financing
Medicine

AL
QN

CQ+PQ

Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Year
20102011

No
No
No
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Positivity rate (%)
Cases tracked
(%)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

20
16
12
8
4
0
Cases
Cases (%)
20
16
12
8
4
0
Cases tested
Cases (%)

100
80
60
40
20
0
ABER (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Yes
An. gambiae s.s
IV. Coverage
Adopted
800
640
480
320
160
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
137
MEXICO
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
56
3450000
121900000
125350000
3
97

An. pseudopunctipennis, An. albimanus, An. darlingi, An. punctimacula, An. punctimacula
Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
664
Total deaths, 2014:
0
656
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2012

Yes
2012
IRS
IRS is recommended
No

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

No

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
(%)
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Population (%)
Cases (%)
Year
20102014

Positivity rate (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max


Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

RDT positivity rate
8000
6400
4800
3200
1600
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

60
48
36
24
12
0
138
Adopted
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
CQ+PQ
AL+QN
AL
CQ+PQ
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Cases
30
24
18
12
6
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
MOZAMBIQUE
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
27200000
0
0
27200000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

Programme phase:
Control
7117648 Estimated cases, 2013: [720000012000000]
Reported deaths:
[940021000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1992

Yes
2006
No
IPT
Yes
2006
Diagnosis
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
Yes
2009

Never allowed



No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2011
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2011

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
800
640
480
320
160
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

WHO, UNICEF
Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

300
240
180
120
60
0

No
other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
No
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

50
40
30
20
10
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

30
24
18
12
6
0
Deaths
Global Fund

Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052012
0
3.1
5.8
28 days
9
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004

AS, QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
120
96
72
48
24
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
139
MYANMAR
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
8440000
23300000
21600000
53400000
16
44
40

An. minimus, An. dirus
Programme phase:
Control
152195 Estimated cases, 2013: [6800001900000]
Reported deaths:
[1205000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2000

Yes
2000
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1957

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1962

Yes
1962
Yes
2003

Is banned 2012


Yes 1951

No

Yes
2014

Yes

Yes
1983

Yes
1983

No

No

No
World Bank
WHO/UNICEF

Yes
Yes
-

No


Global Fund, PMI, WHO, Other

100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
Cases per 1000

28 days
19
P.vivax
28 days
22
P.falciparum
42 days
5
P.falciparum
Others
Tests (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
100
80
60
40
20
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)
Max
11.9
6
2.2

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Median
0
0
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
20
16
12
8
4
0
Year
20112014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Min
0
0
0
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
100 000
80 000
60 000
40 000
20 000
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
140
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
3000
2400
1800
1200
600
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20062015
20072014
20112013
Cases (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
CQ
AL
AS+MQ
IV. Coverage
Adopted
AL; AM; AS+MQ; DHA-PPQ; PQ 2008

AS+D; AS+T
2008
AM; AS; QN
2008
CQ+PQ(14d)
2008
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
60
48
36
24
12
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
NAMIBIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
1110000
797000
495000
2400000
46
33
21

An. arabiensis, An. gambiae, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[680011000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1998

Yes
2014
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1965

Yes
1965
Yes
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2005

Yes
1990
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes 2015

No

Yes

Yes

Yes
2012

No

Yes

No

USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Global Fund, WHO
Others
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2007
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


-
An. arabiensis
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Deaths
(%)
World Bank
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
30
24
18
12
6
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2006
AL
2006
QN 2006
QN
2006
AL
2006
0.75 mg/kg (8 w)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
141
NEPAL
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
1020000
12500000
14700000
28200000
4
44
52

An. fluviatilis, An. annularis, An. maculatus
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[1000022000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2007

Yes
2007
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1962

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes
1962
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Funding source(s): WHO
Cases (%)

100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
3000
2400
1800
1200
600
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
An. annularis, An. fluviatilis,
other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

-
Yes
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Year
2014
Cases (P. vivax)

2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
142
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
50
40
30
20
10
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052014
0
0
6.3
28 days
10
P.falciparum
CQ
20082011
0
0
0
28 days
8
P.vivax

Global Fund
Adopted
CQ
AL+PQ
2004
AS; QN
AS; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d), 3.75 - 15mg/day (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
NICARAGUA
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
78100
2940000
2990000
6010000
1
49
50

An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[19003000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1959

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Source: DHS 2001
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Government, Global Fund
10
8
6
4
2
0

Others
Tests (%)
(%)

No
An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis, other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
-
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

25
20
15
10
5
0
250
200
150
100
50
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Deaths
World Bank
0.50 mg/kg (7 d)
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20052006
0
0
0
28 days
1
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted

CQ+PQ(1d)
AS+MQ; AS+SP
QN
CQ+PQ(7d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
143
NIGER
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
10100000
7830000
1150000
19100000
53
41
6

Programme phase:
Control
1953309 Estimated cases, 2013: [27000007900000]
Reported deaths:
[730017000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2003

Yes

Yes
2010
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes

No

Is banned 2007


No


No

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
(%)
World Bank
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2006
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2012

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

bilaterals
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

150
120
90
60
30
0

No
An. coluzzii

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes Yes
No
Cases (P. vivax)

50
40
30
20
10
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
144
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
25
20
15
10
5
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
2013
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011 3.7
5.55
10.4
28 days
6
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2005
AL
2005
QN 2005
AS; QN
2005

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
3000
2400
1800
1200
600
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
NIGERIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
135600000
41900000
0
177500000
76
24
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. arabiensis, An. moucheti, An. melas, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
7826954 Estimated cases, 2013: [4200000078000000]
Reported deaths:
[81000150000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2001

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2007

No

Yes
2010
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes

Yes
2009

Is banned


No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
50
40
30
20
10
0

100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
At risk protected with
IRS
Source: DHS 2003, MICS 2007, DHS 2008, MIS 2010, DHS 2013
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
600
480
360
240
120
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)
Cases (P. vivax)

PMI, World Bank, WHO, UNICEF,
Other bilaterals
Others



10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10
8
6
4
2
0
Deaths
USAID/PMI

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
(%)
World Bank

Yes
An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.l.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
2.3
12.7
28 days
17
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20052011
0
0.8
13.7
28 days
20
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL; AS+AQ
2004
AL; AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
300
240
180
120
60
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
145
PAKISTAN
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PF-RATIO
2014
53500000
128400000
3120000
185000000
29
69
2

An. culicifacies, An. stephensi
Programme phase:
Control
275149 Estimated cases, 2013: [10000002100000]
0
Reported deaths:
[2502000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1961

No

Yes
1961
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2011

Yes
1961
Yes
2009

Is banned 2008


Yes 2009

Yes
2009

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)
Source: Other Nat.
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
80 000
64 000
48 000
32 000
16 000
0
Source: DHS 2007
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0

Source: Other Nat.
distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Fund, WHO
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Yes
An. culicifacies s.l., An. stephensi

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0

Yes
Yes
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112013
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
146
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
300
240
180
120
60
0
Deaths
World Bank
2013
2013
2007
2007
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+SP
20072012
0
0
1.5
28 days
9
P.falciparum
AL
20122013
0
0.6
1.2
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
CQ
AS+SP+PQ
AL; QN
AS; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
PANAMA
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
170000
11100
3690000
3870000
4
0
95

An. albimanus, An. pseudopunctipennis, An. punctimacula, An. aquasalis, An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Control
[740890]
Reported deaths:
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2012

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1957

No

Yes
1957
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1957

Yes
1957
Yes

Is banned


Yes

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Funding source(s): AMI, Global

Fund

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Tests (%)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


-
An. albimanus
Others
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
Yes

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
35
28
21
14
7
0
Year
2011

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

150
120
90
60
30
0
120
96
72
48
24
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5
4
3
2
1
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
AL+PQ(1d)
2012

QN
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
147
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
7010000
448000
0
7460000
94
6
0

An. punctulatus, An. farauti, An. koliensis
Programme phase:
Control
281182 Estimated cases, 2013: [8000002000000]
Reported deaths:
[1106900]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2000

No

No
IPT
Yes
2010
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2004
Yes
2010

Is banned


Yes 2009

No

No

Yes
2000
No

No

No

No

No
Year
20102014

-
-
-

-
An. farauti s.l., An. punctulatus,
other
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Others
Cases (%)
Source: Other Nat.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
30 000
24 000
18 000
12 000
6000
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
DHA-PPQ
20052007
12
12
12
42 days
1
P.falciparum
AL
20052013
1
1.85
2.7
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
148
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
800
640
480
320
160
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

40
32
24
16
8
0
Adopted
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
AL
2008
DHA-PPQ 2008
AM; AS
2008
AL+PQ
2009
7.5 mg - adult (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
35
28
21
14
7
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
PARAGUAY
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
8
497000
6060000
6557000
8
92

An. darlingi, An. albitarsis
Programme phase:
Elimination
8
Total deaths, 2014:
0
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1957

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1957

Yes
1957
Yes
2005

Never allowed


Yes 1957

No

Yes

Yes

Yes
1957

Yes
1957

No

Yes
1957
Yes
1957

Yes
1957

No
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases tested
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
(%)
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Funding source(s): WHO
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

-
-
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Population (%)
Cases (%)
Year
20102014

Positivity rate (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
8
6
4
2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max


Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Adopted
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
AL+PQ

AS
CQ + PQ
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

80
64
48
32
16
0
Cases
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
8000
6400
4800
3200
1600
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
149
PERU
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
1550000
10600000
18800000
31000000
5
34
61

An. pseudopunctipennis, An. albimanus, An. darlingi
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[75000120000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes

Yes
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
World Bank

Yes
-
-
WHO/UNICEF

Government

100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Tests (%)
Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

-
An. albimanus, An. darlingi

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000
Year
2013
Cases (%)
Population (%)
(%)
USAID/PMI
10
8
6
4
2
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+MQ
20052006 1.1
1.1
1.1
28 days
1
P.falciparum
CQ+PQ
20062008 0.5
0.6
1.1
28 days
3
P.vivax

Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

20
16
12
8
4
0
1 000 000
800 000
600 000
400 000
200 000
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: Less than 50% change in incidence projected, 20002015

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
150
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
25
20
15
10
5
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Adopted
IV. Coverage
AS+MQ
2001

AS+MQ
CQ+PQ
0.50 mg/kg (7 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
150
120
90
60
30
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
PHILIPPINES
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
6530000
53900000
38700000
99100000
7
54
39

An. flavirostris, An. maculatus, An. balabacensis, An. litoralis
Programme phase:
Control
[1200021000]
Reported deaths:
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2000
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2002

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2004

Yes
2003
Yes
2003

Never allowed


Yes 2007

Yes
2011

Yes
2010

Yes
2009
Yes
2009

No

Yes
2009
No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

Others
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

No
An. flavirostris, An maculatus s.l.,
other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112015
Cases (P. vivax)

1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

600
480
360
240
120
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20052010
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.vivax

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2009
AL+PQ
2009
QN+CL; QN+D; QN+T
2002
QN+T; QN+D; QN+CL
2002
CQ+PQ(14d)
2002
0.5 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
40
32
24
16
8
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
151
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
27
6900000
43200000
50100000
14
86

An. sinensis
Programme phase:
Elimination
638
Total deaths, 2014:
557
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2001

Yes
2001
IRS
IRS is recommended

No

Yes
2001
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
2001



Yes 2001

No

No

Yes
2011
No

No

No

No

Yes
2001

Yes
2001

Yes
2001
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
5
4
3
2
1
0
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
Year
20102014

-
-
-
USAID/PMI

-
-
WHO/UNICEF


ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Others
Cases tested

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
(%)
Cases (%)
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max


Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases
Cases
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Foci investigated

152
Adopted
CQ
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
Global Fund
Medicine

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0

Imported cases
Imported cases
RWANDA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
11300000
0
0
11300000
100
0
0

Programme phase:
Control
1610812 Estimated cases, 2013: [11000001700000]
Reported deaths:
[4004600]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2009

No

No
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

No

No

Never allowed 0


No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes
Yes
Yes

No
An. chrysti, An. coustani, An.
gambiae s.l.
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2000, DHS 2005, DHS 2008, DHS 2010, DHS 2013
Tests (%)
Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Cases (P. vivax)

40
32
24
16
8
0
200 000
160 000
120 000
80 000
40 000
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Deaths
Population (%)
(%)
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Source: DHS 2005, DHS 2008, DHS 2010, DHS 2013
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000
Year
20102015
150
120
90
60
30
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062009
0
1.3
4.5
28 days
3
P.falciparum

Government
Adopted
AL
2005
AL
2005
QN 2005
AS; QN
2012

IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
153
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
186000
0
0
186000
100
0
0

An. gambiae
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[1200025000]
<100

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2003

No

Yes
2004
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2001

Yes
2008
Yes
2008

Is banned 2004


Yes 2013

No

Yes
2013

Yes
2004
Yes
2008

Yes
2013

Yes
2014
No

No
(%)
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Source: DHS 2009

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0
12 000
9600
7200
4800
2400
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Source: DHS 2009

-
An. gambiae s.s.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2009
V. Impact

-
-
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
400
320
240
160
80
0
Year
20142015
Cases (P. vivax)

120
96
72
48
24
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
154
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
250
200
150
100
50
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AS+AQ
2004
AL 2004
QN
2004

IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
SAUDI ARABIA
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
20
41400
30800000
30841400
0
100
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR

An. arabiensis, An. sergentii, An. stephensi, An. superpictus, An. d`thali, An. multicolor
Programme phase:
Elimination
2305
Total deaths, 2014:
0
30
0
21

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1980

Yes
1980
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1963

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1963
Yes
1963

Never allowed


Yes

Yes
1985

No

Yes
1990
Yes
1980

Yes
1980

Yes

No

No

Yes
1990

Yes
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

No
-
-

-
An. arabiensis
Others
Cases tested
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases tracked
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

(%)
Cases (%)
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Positivity rate (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+SP+PQ
2012
AL 2007
AS; AM; QN
2007
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
RDT positivity rate
Foci investigated

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Cases
30
24
18
12
6
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
8000
6400
4800
3200
1600
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Imported cases

Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
RDT positivity rate
Imported WORLD
Imported cases
155
SENEGAL
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
14100000
600000
0
14700000
96
4
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. pharoensis, An. melas
Programme phase:
Control
265624 Estimated cases, 2013: [11000002800000]
Reported deaths:
[6506200]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1998

Yes
1998
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2005

No

No
IPT
Yes
2003
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
2007
Yes
2010

Never allowed


No

No

No

Yes
2007
Yes
2012

Yes
2012

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MIS 2006, MIS 2009,

DHS 2011, DHS 2013

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: DHS 2005, MIS 2006, MIS 2009, DHS 2011, DHS 2013

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
250
200
150
100
50
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


30
24
18
12
6
0

Global Fund, PMI, WHO, UNICEF
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact


ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Cases (%)
World Bank

Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
20
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
15
10
5
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
156
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Yes
Yes
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Source: DHS 2005, MIS 2006, MIS 2009, DHS 2011, DHS 2013
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20042014
0
0.9
3.9
28 days
16
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20042014
0
0.25
1.7
28 days
12
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2005
AL; AS+AQ
2005

AS; QN
2005

P.f only.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
40
32
24
16
8
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
SIERRA LEONE
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
6320000
0
0
6320000
100
0
0

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. melas
Programme phase:
Control
1374476 Estimated cases, 2013: [17000003400000]
Reported deaths:
[570011000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2002

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2010

No

No
IPT
Yes
2005
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2010
Yes
2010

Is banned 2004


No

No

No

Yes
2005
No

No

No

No

No
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: MICS 2005, DHS 2008, DHS 2013

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1500
1200
900
600
300
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: MICS 2005, DHS 2008, DHS 2013

300
240
180
120
60
0

No
An. gambiae s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
No
Cases (P. vivax)

50
40
30
20
10
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

150
120
90
60
30
0
Deaths
Global Fund

Year
2010
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20112011
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20112011
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AL; AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS; AM; QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
1000
800
600
400
200
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
157
SOLOMON ISLANDS
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
566000
0
5720
572000
99
0
1

An. farauti, An. punctulatus, An. koliensis
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[3500049000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
1996
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No
1969
Yes
2014
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1968

Yes
2007
Yes
2008

Never allowed


Yes 2009

Yes
2009

No

No

Yes
1990

Yes
2013

Yes

No

No
World Bank
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

bilaterals
250
200
150
100
50
0

Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

-
An. farauti s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
-
Cases (P. vivax)

80
64
48
32
16
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
158
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
2013
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20082013
0
0
6.3
28 days
3
P.falciparum
AL
20082013
4
5.1
31.6
28 days
3
P.vivax

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AL
2009
AL
2009
QN 2009
AL; AS
2009
AL+PQ(14d)
2009
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
SOMALIA
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
5340000
5160000
0
10500000
51
49
0
Major plasmodium species: P.falciparum (-), P.vivax (-)

An. arabiensis, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
11001 Estimated cases, 2013: [3100001300000]
0
Reported deaths:
[424800]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2004

No

No
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
Yes
2006

are allowed


No

No

No

No

Yes
2006

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Global Fund, WHO
Others
Cases (%)
Source: Other Nat.
100
80
60
40
20
0

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Source: MICS 2006

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Source: Other Nat.

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


Yes
An. arabiensis, An. funestus s.l.
Cases (P. vivax)

2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
(%)
World Bank
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
No

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
5
4
3
2
1
0
Year
20102013

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+SP
20052011
0
1
22.2
28 days
5
P.falciparum
AL
20132013
0
0.5
1
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+SP
2011
AS+SP
2011
AL 2011
AS; QN
2006

2006
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
159
SOUTH AFRICA
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
2160000
3240000
48600000
54000000
4
6
90

An. arabiensis, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
0
Reported deaths:
[1400024000]
[120120]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1930

Yes

Yes
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1997
Yes
2001

Never allowed 2001


No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
6000
4800
3600
2400
1200
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Other bilaterals
Others
10
8
6
4
2
0

Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
160
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
500
400
300
200
100
0
Deaths
(%)
USAID/PMI
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
An. arabiensis, An. merus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0

No
No
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

2001
2001
2001
P.f only.
Year
20102014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
World Bank
Adopted

AL; QN+CL; QN+D
AS; QN
QN
AL+PQ; CQ+PQ
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Medicine
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
100
80
60
40
20
0

Type of RDT used
Admissions
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
SOUTH SUDAN
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
11900000
0
0
11900000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. nili
Programme phase:
Control
- Estimated cases, 2013: [8800002900000]
Reported deaths:
- Estimated deaths, 2013:
[15007200]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
2013
IPT
Yes
2006
Diagnosis
Yes
2013

Yes
2005
Yes
2006



No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

-
-
-

-
-
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
100
80
60
40
20
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

15
12
9
6
3
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+AQ
2006
AS+AQ
2006
AL 2006
AM; AS; QN
2004
AS+AQ+PQ
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10 000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
161
SRI LANKA
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014

0
20600000
20600000
0
100

An. culicifacies, An. subpictus, An. annularis, An. varuna
Programme phase:
Prevention of Reintroduction
49
Total deaths, 2014:
0
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1992

Yes
2004
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1945

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1911

Never allowed


Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
2008
Yes
2014

Yes
1958

Yes
World Bank
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Global Fund, WHO
Cases tested
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others


Positivity rate (%)
WHO/UNICEF
(%)
Cases (%)
15
12
9
6
3
0
USAID/PMI

Yes
An culicifacies, An. subpictus,
other

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102013
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

50
40
30
20
10
0
162
Adopted
AL+PQ
2008

AS
2014
CQ+PQ(14d)
2008
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
SUDAN
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
34200000
5200000
0
39400000
87
13
0

An. arabiensis, An. funestus, An. gambiae, An. nili, An. pharoensis
Programme phase:
Control
1068506 Estimated cases, 2013: [9400001800000]
Reported deaths:
[1206500]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1956

No

Yes
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

No

Yes
2005

Is banned 2004


Yes 2005

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Source: DHS 2012, Other Nat.

Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

Yes
An. arabiensis


Global Fund, WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
Source: DHS2012; Other Nat.
Cases per 1000

Yes
Yes
Yes

100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0

Source: DHS 2012; Other Nat.
distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

28 days
18
P.falciparum
28 days
18
P.falciparum
28 days
1
P.vivax
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Max
4.5
18.1
0
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
200 000
160 000
120 000
80 000
40 000
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Deaths
World Bank
Median
0
2
0

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
(%)
35
28
21
14
7
0
Year
20102014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Min
0
0
0

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20052015
20052015
20112011
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
AL
AS+SP
AL
Global Fund
Adopted
AS+SP
2005
AS+SP
2005
AL 2005
AM; QN
2011
AL+PQ(14d)
2011
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
80
64
48
32
16
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
163
SURINAME
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
84500
0
454000
538000
16
0
84

An. darlingi, An. nuneztovari
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[7802000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
IRS
IRS is recommended
No
2006

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1955

Yes
1955
Yes
2004

Never allowed


Yes 2004

No

No

No

Yes
2000

No
2000

Yes
2000
No

No

No
An. aquasalis
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

Tests (%)
(%)

-
-
-
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

100
80
60
40
20
0
400
320
240
160
80
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
164
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
25
20
15
10
5
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
2013
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

250
200
150
100
50
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052011
0
2.35
4.7
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL+PQ
2004
AS+MQ 2004
AS
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
SWAZILAND
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
77
356000
914000
1270000
0
28
72

Programme phase:
Pre-elimination
Reported deaths:
[450890]
<10
Adopted

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2002

Yes
2002
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1946

Yes

No
IPT
No
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2009
Yes
2010

are allowed 2010


No

No

Yes
2014

Yes
2010
Yes
2010

Yes
2010

Yes
2010


No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Source: DHS 2007, MICS 2010
Cases (%)
Source: DHS 2007
Source: MICS 2010

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0

100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)
World Bank

-
An. gambiae s.s.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
5
4
3
2
1
0
Year
2011
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
AL
2009
QN 2009
AS
Admissions
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
Medicine

Type of RDT used

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
165
TAJIKISTAN
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
European Region
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
130
613000
7680000
8293000
7
93

An. superpictus, An. pulcherrimus
Programme phase:
Elimination
7
Total deaths, 2014:
2
0
0
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2006
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1997

No

Yes
1998
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1997
Yes

Never allowed


Yes 1997

Yes
2014

Yes
2004

Yes
1997
Yes
2004

No

No

Yes
1997
No

Yes
2009

Yes
2000
World Bank
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN
Cases tracked
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Global Fund, WHO
Cases tested
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Others


Positivity rate (%)
WHO/UNICEF
(%)
Cases (%)
10
8
6
4
2
0
USAID/PMI

No
An. pulcherrimus, An. superpictus

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20112012
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
RDT positivity rate
20 000
16 000
12 000
8000
4000
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

150
120
90
60
30
0
166
Adopted
AL
2008
QN 2004
QN
2004
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Cases
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
THAILAND
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
5420000
28400000
33900000
67700000
8
42
50

An. dirus, An. minimus, An. maculatus, An. sundaicus
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[37000390000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1992

Yes
1992
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1953

No

Yes
1953
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1991

Yes
1953
Yes
1995

Never allowed 1995


Yes 1965

No

Yes
2008

No

Yes
1958

Yes
1958

Yes
1958
Yes
1995
Yes
1995
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
20 000
16 000
12 000
8000
4000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI
5
4
3
2
1
0

Others
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

-
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

-
-
-

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

800
640
480
320
160
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+MQ
2007
QN+D 2007
QN+D
2007
CQ+PQ(14d)
2007
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
30
24
18
12
6
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
167
TIMOR-LESTE
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
391000
650000
119000
1160000
34
56
10

An. subpictus, An. barbirostris
Programme phase:
Control
64
Reported deaths:
[37000120000]
[10270]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2010
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
2007
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
2000
Yes
2007

Never allowed


Yes 2006

No

No

No

Yes
2002

Yes
2009

No

No

No
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
Source: DHS 2010

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Source: DHS 2010
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0


distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Funding source(s): Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

No
An. barbirostris, An. subpictus s.l.,
An. sundaicus s.l.
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

No
No
No

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
Population (%)
Source: DHS 2010
60
48
36
24
12
0
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
168
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
80
64
48
32
16
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
CQ
20112013 17.5
17.5
17.5
28 days
1
P.vivax
AL
20122013
0
0
0
28 days
1
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
QN+D
AM; AS; QN
CQ+PQ(14d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
TOGO
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
7120000
0
0
7120000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. melas, An. arabiensis
Programme phase:
Control
1130251 Estimated cases, 2013: [21000003100000]
Reported deaths:
[31005900]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2004

Yes
2011
IRS
IRS is recommended
No



No
IPT
Yes
2003
Diagnosis
Yes
2010

Yes
2012
Yes
2013

Is banned 2011


No



Yes
2009
No

Yes
2013

No

Yes
2007
No

No
An. gambiae s.l.
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Source: MICS 2006
Source: MICS 2006
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
1000
800
600
400
200
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

25
20
15
10
5
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

50
40
30
20
10
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20112013
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

200
160
120
80
40
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052013
0
1.4
4.4
28 days
11
P.falciparum
AS+AQ
20052013
0
0
6
28 days
11
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL; AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ

AS; AM; QN
P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
169
TURKEY
EURO / PAHO
Confirmed cases
API 1000 population
per
European Region
OTHERS
PF-RATIO
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
no cases
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
0
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
1050
4060
>85
4060
50100
6080
6080
>100
80100
PP
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014

0
77500000
77500000
0
100

An. sacharovi, An. superpictus, An. maculipennis
Programme phase:
Elimination
249
Total deaths, 2014:
0
5
1
0

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
No

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1926

No

Yes
1926
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes
1926

Never allowed


Yes 1926

No

Yes
2007

No

Yes
2010

Yes
1946

Yes
1946
No

No

Yes
1926

Yes
1930
Global Fund
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

-
-
-

-
-
Others
Cases tested
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtreated
at least one ITN

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases tracked
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

(%)
Cases (%)
Year
20102014

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Positivity rate (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases investigated
Malaria
test positivity
and ABER
Antimalarials
distributedrate
vs reported
cases

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
RDT positivity rate
12 000
9600
7200
4800
2400
0
Foci investigated
Cases investigated
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total cases
Aberpositivity
(microscopy
RDT)
RDT
rate&points
positivity rate
WORLD MALARIARDT
REPORT
2015
Foci investigated

12 000
9600
7200
4800
2400
0
170
Adopted
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Cases
50
40
30
20
10
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Imported cases
Imported cases
UGANDA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
37800000
0
0
37800000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

An. gambiae, An. funestus, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
3631939 Estimated cases, 2013: [440000012000000]
0
Reported deaths:
[530017000]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2006

Yes
2013
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2005

Yes
2008
Yes
2011
IPT
Yes
1998
Diagnosis
Yes
2012

Yes
2001
Yes
2005

Is banned 2009


No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000
Funding source(s): PMI
Others
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

100
80
60
40
20
0

No
An. gambiae s.s.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

30
24
18
12
6
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

30
24
18
12
6
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
World Bank

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Year
20112014
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
AS, QN
2004

P.f only.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
200
160
120
80
40
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
171
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA (MAINLAND)

Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
African Region
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
50400000
0
0
50400000
100
0
0

An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. funestus
Programme phase:
Control
678207
Reported deaths:
5368

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2014

No
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
IPT
Yes
2001
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes

Yes

Is banned 2006


No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs


Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI, WHO

100
80
60
40
20
0

80
64
48
32
16
0

Others
Cases (%)
World Bank

Yes

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

40
32
24
16
8
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
172
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
60
48
36
24
12
0
Deaths
(%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102015

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
AS, AM; QN
2004

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
250
200
150
100
50
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA (ZANZIBAR)

Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
African Region
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
901000
569000
0
1470000
61
39
0

An. gambiae
Programme phase:
Control
2600
0
Reported deaths:
5

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2008
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2006

No

Yes
2012
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2007

Yes
2004
Yes
2003

Is banned 2012


No

No

No

Yes
2003
Yes
2008

Yes
2011

Yes
2011
No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases per 1000

Global Fund, PMI
Others
Cases (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
1200
960
720
480
240
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)


No
An. gambiae s.l.
Cases (P. vivax)

40
32
24
16
8
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

40
32
24
16
8
0
Deaths
(%)
World Bank
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
-
No

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
20
16
12
8
4
0
Year
20102015

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062007
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AS+AQ
2004
AS+AQ
2004
QN 2004
AS; QN
2004

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
173
VANUATU
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
225000
33900
0
259000
87
13
0

An. farauti
Programme phase:
Control
332
Reported deaths:
[580010000]
<10

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2008

Yes
1990
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2008

No

Yes
2010
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

No

Yes
2009

Never allowed 2012


Yes 2009

Yes
2009

Yes
2009

No

Yes
2013

Yes
2013

Yes
2013
No

No

-
An. farauti s.l., An. punctulatus,
other
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Source: Other Nat.
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Source: Other Nat.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
1200
960
720
480
240
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

No
-
-
Cases (P. vivax)

30
24
18
12
6
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
174
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
15
12
9
6
3
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
2013
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

80
64
48
32
16
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20112012 2.8
2.8
2.8
28 days
1
P.vivax

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AL
2007
QN 2007
AS
2014
AL+PQ(14d)
2007
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
10
8
6
4
2
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)
OTHERS
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
PP
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
>85
4060
6080
no cases
80100
Population
Total
2014
798000
4970000
24900000
30700000
3
16
81

An. darlingi, An. aquasalis, An. nuneztovari, An. braziliensis, An. albitarsis
Programme phase:
Control
[86000310000]
Reported deaths:
[20350]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
2005
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

No

Yes
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1936

Yes
1936
Yes
2004

Never allowed


Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

-
-
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases (%)
Population (%)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN
100
80
60
40
20
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
100
80
60
40
20
0

Tests (%)
(%)

-
-
-
Cases (P. vivax)
RDT positivity rate

10
8
6
4
2
0
5
4
3
2
1
0

RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

40
32
24
16
8
0
Deaths
Global Fund
Cases per 1000
Year
20102014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

20
16
12
8
4
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AS+MQ
20052006
0
0
0
28 days
2
P.falciparum

Government
100
80
60
40
20
0
Adopted
AS+MQ+PQ
2004
2004
AM; QN
2004
CQ+PQ(14d)
2004
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)
Impact: Increase in incidence, 20002015

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
175
VIET NAM
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PP
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Population
Total
2014
6280000
61800000
24300000
92400000
7
67
26

An. minimus, An. dirus, An. sundaicus
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[2000027000]
<50

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
1992

Yes
1992
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1958

No

No
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
1958

Yes
1958
Yes
2003

Never allowed 2013


Yes 1960

No

No

Yes
1980
Yes
1958

Yes
1958

No

No

No
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Global Fund, WHO

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
80 000
64 000
48 000
32 000
16 000
0
Source: DHS 2002
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0


distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

-
An. minimus, An. philippinensis,
other
Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
No
-

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
Tests (%)
Population (%)
Source: DHS 2005
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
Year
20102013

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)

100
80
60
40
20
0
Cases (P. vivax)

10
8
6
4
2
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
176
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
150
120
90
60
30
0
Deaths
World Bank
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
DHA-PPQ
20062010
0
0
2.1
28 days
13
P.falciparum
DHA-PPQ
20062014
0
0
3.4
42 days
16
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
DHA-PPQ
DHA-PPQ
QN+CL; QN+D
2013
AS; QN
2013
CQ+PQ(14d)
2013
0.25 mg/kg (14 d), 15mg (14 d)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
20
16
12
8
4
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
YEMEN
Eastern
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
2014
6570000
13800000
5790000
26200000
25
53
22

An. arabiensis, An. culicifacies, An. sergentii
Programme phase:
Control
Reported deaths:
[290000710000]
[352500]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2002

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
2001

No

Yes
2002
IPT
N/A
Diagnosis
Yes
2001

Yes
2002
Yes
2009

Is banned


Yes 2001

Yes
2009

No

No

Yes
2006

No

Yes
2001
No

No
World Bank
(%)
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Cases (%)
Source: Other Nat.

Cases
Households
withtracked
at least one ITN

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs

Test positivity
100
80
60
40
20
0
3500
2800
2100
1400
700
0
Source: Other Nat.
Cases per 1000


100
80
60
40
20
0


distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Others
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

-
An. arabiensis, An. culicifacies s.l.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
No

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
150
120
90
60
30
0
Year
20102014
Cases (P. vivax)

5
4
3
2
1
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Deaths
Global Fund

100
80
60
40
20
0
Tests (%)
Population (%)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20072013
0
0
1.1
28 days
4
P.falciparum
AS+SP 20072013
0 0 3 28 days 7
P.falciparum

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Adopted
AS+SP
2009
AS+SP
2009
AL 2009
AM; QN
2009
CQ+PQ(14d)
0.25 mg/kg (14 d)

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
15
12
9
6
3
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
177
ZAMBIA
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
2014
15700000
0
0
15700000
100
0
0
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)

Programme phase:
Control
4077547 Estimated cases, 2013: [25000004100000]
Reported deaths:
[18009200]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2005

Yes
1998
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes

Yes

Yes
IPT
Yes
Diagnosis
Yes

Yes

Yes
2003

Is banned 2003


No

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
Cases per 1000
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2007

Diagnostics
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITNs



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)
Test positivity
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20
0

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Global Fund, PMI
300
240
180
120
60
0

Others
Tests (%)
(%)
World Bank

Yes
An. gambiae s.s.

ITNs
Diagnostic testing
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact

Yes
Yes
Yes
Cases (P. vivax)

40
32
24
16
8
0
350 000
280 000
210 000
140 000
70 000
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
178
(p.vivax)
WORLD MALARIACases
REPORT
2015

Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
10 000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Deaths

100
80
60
40
20
0
Year
20102014
Cases (%)
Population (%)
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20052012
0
0
6.7
28 days
12
P.falciparum

Global Fund
Adopted
AL
2002
AL
2002
QN 2002
AS; AM; QN
2002

P.f only.
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Government
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
80
64
48
32
16
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing
ZIMBABWE
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
0
Insufficient data
no cases
00.1
Very low PP
00.1
Very low PP
0.11.0
020
0.11.0
020
1.010
2040
1.010
2040
>85
4060
>85
4060
6080
6080
PF-RATIO
PP
no cases
80100
80100
Total
Proportion of cases
PF-RATIO
due
to P.falciparum
PR
Insufficient data
0
PP
Population
African Region
OTHERS
Confirmed cases
per
1000 population/
OTHERS
parasite prevalence
PR
(PP)
2014
4350000
7620000
3230000
15200000
29
50
21

Programme phase:
Control
535931 Estimated cases, 2013: [6400001600000]
Reported deaths:
[715700]

Yes/No Adopted
ITN
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
IRS
IRS is recommended
Yes
1947

Yes
2004
Yes
IPT
Yes
2004
Diagnosis
Yes
2009

Yes
2009
Yes
2009

Never allowed


No

No

No

Yes

Yes
2012

No

No

No

No
World Bank
USAID/PMI
WHO/UNICEF
Others
Cases (%)

Others
WHO_UNICEF
USAID/PMI
Worldbank (USD)
Global Fund (USD)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: DHS 2011
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014



Cases
With access
to antracked
ITN (survey)

100
80
60
40
20
0
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

distributed
reported
cases 2010
points 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Antimalarials
2005 2006
2007 vs2008
2009
distributedrate
Slide positivity
ConfirmedEstimated
malaria
cases
per- 1000
cases
detected
bottomand ABER
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cases (all species)

Test positivity
Tests (%)
Population (%)
(%)

No
An. funestus s.l., An. gambiae s.l.
Cases (P. vivax)

15
12
9
6
3
0
Parasite prevalence
RDT positivity rate
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
Deaths
Global Fund
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
V. Impact
Cases per 1000

Yes
No
Yes
50
40
30
20
10
0
Year
20112015
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine
Year
Min Median
Max
AL
20062014
0
2.15
14.3
28 days
34
P.falciparum

Government
Adopted
AL
2004
AL
2004
QN 2004
QN
2004

P.f only.
IV. Coverage
100
80
60
40
20
0
Medicine

Type of RDT used
Admissions
35
28
21
14
7
0
ABER (%)
Contribution (US$m)
III. Financing

Deaths (P. vivax)

Aber (microscopy
& RDT)
Cases
(p.vivax) points
Cases (p.vivax)
Cases (all species)

Deaths (P.vivax)
WORLD MALARIADeaths
REPORT
2015
(all species)
points
179
Annexes
Annex 1
Data sources and methods
182
Annex 2A
Recommended policies and strategies for malaria control, 2014198
Annex 2B
Antimalarial drug policy, 2014
202
Annex 3
Funding for malaria control, 20122014
204
Annex 4
Intervention coverage estimated from routinely

collected data, 20122014
210
Annex 5
Household surveys, 20122014
216
Annex 6A
Reported malaria cases and deaths, 2014
218
Annex 6B
Reported malaria cases by method of confirmation, 20002014222
Annex 6C
Reported malaria cases by species, 20002014
234
Annex 6D
Reported malaria deaths, 20002014
242
Annex 1 Data sources and methods

Section 1: Introduction
Table 1.1 Declarations and plans containing targets for
malaria control and elimination 20002015
The table shows major declarations and plans that contain
targets for malaria control and elimination 20002015.
Table 1.2 MDG 6 and associated malaria target
and indicators
The table shows the Millennium Development Goal (MDG),
target and indicators. Source: Millennium Development
Goals Indicators (1).
Table 1.3 Roll Back Malaria objectives, targets for 2015
and indicators for measuring progress
This table shows the Global Malaria Action Plan (GMAP)
targets and indicators. Source: World malaria report 2012(2)
and Household survey indicators for malaria control (3).
Section 2: Trends in infection prevalence, cases

and deaths
Table 2.1 Estimated malaria cases and deaths, by WHO
region, 20002015
The number of malaria cases was estimated by one of
two methods:
i) For countries outside Africa and for low-transmission
countries in Africa: estimates of the number of cases were
made by adjusting the number of reported malaria cases
for completeness of reporting, the likelihood that cases
are parasite positive and the extent of health-service
use. The procedure, which is described in the World
malaria report 2008 (4,5), combines data reported by
national malaria control programmes (NMCPs) (reported
cases, reporting completeness, likelihood that cases are
parasite positive) with those obtained from nationally
representative household surveys on health-service
use. Projections to 2015 were made using the results of
country-specific segmented regression analyses (6).
The trend line from the most recent segment of years
was extrapolated to project cases and deaths for 2014
and 2015. The number of P.vivax malaria cases in each
country was estimated by multiplying the countrys
reported proportion of cases that are P.vivax by the
total number of estimated cases for the country.
ii) For high-transmission countries in Africa: for some
African countries, the quality of surveillance data did
not permit a convincing estimate to be made from
the number of reported cases. Hence, estimates of
the number of malaria cases were derived from
information on parasite prevalence obtained from
household surveys. First, parasite prevalence data from
182
27 573 georeferenced population clusters between 1995

and 2014 were assembled within a spatiotemporal
Bayesian geostatistical model, along with environmental
and sociodemographic covariates and data on use of
insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and access
to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs).
The geospatial model enabled predictions to be made
of P.falciparum parasite prevalence in children aged
210 years at a resolution of 5 5 km2 across all endemic
African countries for each year from 2000 to 2015.
Second, an ensemble model was developed to predict
malaria incidence as a function of parasite prevalence.
The model was then applied to the estimated parasite
prevalence, to obtain estimates of the malaria case
incidence at 5 5 km2 resolution for each year from
2000 to 2015. Data for each 55km2 area were then
aggregated within country and regional boundaries
to obtain national estimates and regional estimates of
malaria cases (7).
The number of malaria deaths was estimated by one of
two methods:
i) For countries outside Africa and for low-transmission
countries in Africa: the number of deaths was estimated
by multiplying the estimated number of P.falciparum
malaria cases by a fixed case fatality rate for each
country, as described in the World malaria report
2008(4). This method was used for all countries outside
Africa and for low-transmission countries in Africa, where
estimates of case incidence were derived from routine
reporting systems. A case fatality rate of between 0.01%
and 0.40% was applied to the estimated number of
P.falciparum cases, and a case fatality rate of between
0.01% and 0.06% was applied to the estimated number
of P.vivax cases. For countries in the pre-elimination
and elimination phases, and those with vital registration
systems that reported more than 50% of all deaths
(determined by comparing the number of reported
deaths with those expected given a countrys population
size and crude deaths rate), the number of malaria
deaths was derived from the number of reported deaths,
adjusting for completeness of reporting.
ii) For countries in Africa with a high proportion of deaths
due to malaria: child malaria deaths were estimated
using a verbal autopsy multicause model developed by
the Maternal and Child Health Epidemiology Estimation
Group which estimates causes of death for children
aged 159 months (8). Mortality estimates were derived
for seven causes of post-neonatal death (pneumonia,
diarrhoea, malaria, meningitis, injuries, pertussis and
other disorders), causes arising in the neonatal period
(prematurity, birth asphyxia and trauma, sepsis,

and other conditions of the neonate) and other causes
(e.g. malnutrition). Deaths due to measles, unknown
causes and HIV/AIDS were estimated separately.
The resulting cause-specific estimates were adjusted,
country by country, to fit the estimated 159month
mortality envelopes (excluding HIV and measles deaths)
for corresponding years. Estimated malaria parasite
prevalence, as described above, was used as a covariate
within the model. Deaths in those aged over 5 years were
inferred from a relationship between levels of malaria
mortality in different age groups and the intensity of
malaria transmission (9); thus, the estimated malaria
mortality rate in children aged under 5 years was used
to infer malaria-specific mortality in older age groups.
Table 2.2 Estimated malaria incidence and death rates,
Incidence rates were derived by dividing estimated malaria
cases by the population at risk of malaria within each
country (calculated as population at high risk + population
at low risk/2). The total population of each country was
taken from the 2015 revision of the World population
prospects (10) and the proportion at risk of malaria derived
from NMCP reports. Malaria death rates were derived by
dividing annual malaria deaths by the mid-year population
at risk of malaria within each country. Where death rates
are quoted for children aged under 5 years, the number
of deaths estimated in children aged under 5 years was
divided by the estimated number of children aged under
5 years at risk of malaria.
Table 2.3 Estimated number of malaria deaths in children
aged under 5 years, by WHO region, 2015
See the methods notes for Table 2.1 and Table 2.2 for the
estimation of malaria deaths in children aged under 5 years.
Figure2.1 Estimated malaria case incidence and death
rates globally, 20002015
calculation of incidence and death rates globally.
Figure2.2 Percentage decrease in (a) estimated malaria
case incidence and (b) malaria death rate, by WHO
region, 20002015.
calculation of incidence and death rates by region.
Figure2.3 Under-5 mortality rate in sub-Saharan
Africa, 20002015
estimation of malaria and total death rates in children
aged under 5 years.
Figure2.4 Leading causes of death among children aged
under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 20002015
estimation of malaria death rates and death rates by other
causes in children aged under 5 years.
Figure2.5 Estimated P. falciparum infection prevalence

among children aged 210 years (PfPR210) in 2000 and 2015
See the methods notes for Table 2.1 for the estimation of
malaria parasite prevalence. This figure was produced by
the University of Oxford Malaria Atlas Project (7).
Figure2.6 Estimated change in malaria case incidence
20002015, by WHO region
estimation of malaria case incidence by WHO region.
Table 2.4 Summary of trends in reported malaria case
incidence 20002015, by WHO region
The main source of information on reported numbers of
malaria cases and deaths are the disease surveillance
systems operated by ministries of health. Data from such
systems have three strengths: (i) case reports are recorded
continuously over time and can thus reflect changes in
the implementation of interventions or other factors;
(ii)routine case and death reports are often available
for all geographical units of a country; and (iii) the data
reflect the burden that malaria places on the health system.
Changes in the numbers of cases and deaths reported by
countries do not, however, necessarily reflect changes in the
incidence of disease in the general population, for several
reasons. First, not all health facilities report each month;
hence, variations in case numbers may reflect fluctuations
in the number of health facilities reporting rather than a
change in underlying disease incidence. Second, routine
reporting systems often do not include patients attending
private clinics or morbidity treated at home, so disease
trends in health facilities may not reflect trends in the
entire community. Finally, not all malaria cases reported
are confirmed by microscopy or rapid diagnostic testing
(RDT); hence, some of the cases reported as malaria may
actually be other febrile illnesses (5,11). When reviewing
data supplied by ministries of health in malaria endemic
countries, the following strategy was used to minimize the
influence of these sources of error and bias:
Focusing on confirmed cases (by microscopy or RDT)
to ensure that malaria (not other febrile illnesses) was
tracked. For high burden countries in the WHO African
Region, where there is little confirmation of cases,
the numbers of malaria admissions (inpatient cases)
and deaths were reviewed, because the predictive
value of malaria diagnosis for an admitted patient
is considered to be higher than that of an outpatient
diagnosis. In such countries, the analysis may be heavily
influenced by trends in cases of severe malaria rather
than trends in all cases.
Monitoring the number of laboratory tests undertaken.
It is useful to measure the annual blood examination
rate (ABER), to ensure that potential differences in
diagnostic effort or completeness of reporting are
taken into account. To discern decreases in malaria
incidence, the ABER should ideally remain constant or
increase over time. In addition, it is useful to monitor
the percentage of suspected malaria cases that are
183
examined with a parasite-based test. Some authorities

recommend that the ABER should be >10%, to ensure that
all febrile cases are examined; however, the observed
rate depends partly on how the population at risk is
estimated, and trends may still be valid if the rate is <10%.
A value of 10% may not be sufficient to detect all febrile
cases. In Solomon Islands, a highly endemic country,
the ABER exceeds 60%, with a slide positivity rate (SPR)
of 25%, achieved solely through passive case detection.
Monitoring trends in the SPR or RDT positivity rate.
This rate should be less severely distorted by variations in
the ABER than trends in the number of confirmed cases.
Monitoring malaria admissions and deaths. For highburden African countries, when reviewing the number
of malaria admissions or deaths, it is also informative
to examine the number of admissions from all causes,
which should remain constant or increase over time.
If the total number of admissions fluctuates, then it may
be preferable to examine the percentage of admissions
or deaths due to malaria, because this proportion is less
sensitive to variation in reporting rates than the number
of malaria admissions or deaths.
Monitoring the number of cases detected in the
surveillance system in relation to the total number of
cases estimated to occur in a country. Trends derived from
countries with high case detection rates are more likely to
reflect trends in the broader community. When examining
trends in the number of deaths, it is useful to compare
the total number of deaths occurring in health facilities
with the total number of deaths estimated to occur in
the country.
Examining the consistency of trends. Unusual variation in
the number of cases or deaths that cannot be explained
by climate or other factors, or inconsistency between
trends in cases and in deaths, can suggest deficiencies
in reporting systems.
Monitoring changes in the proportion of cases due to
P.falciparum or the proportion of cases occurring in
children aged under 5 years. Decreases in the incidence
of P.falciparum malaria may precede decreases in
P.vivax malaria, and there may be a gradual shift in the
proportion of cases occurring in children aged under 5
years; however, unusual fluctuations in these proportions
may point to changes in health-facility reporting or to
errors in recording.
These procedures help to rule out data-related factors (e.g.
incomplete reporting or changes in diagnostic practice)
as explanations for a change in the incidence of disease.
The aim is to ensure that trends in health-facility data
184
reflect changes in the wider community, which is more

likely in situations where changes in disease incidence
are large; coverage with public health services is high;
and interventions promoting change, such as use of ITNs,
are delivered throughout the community rather than being
restricted to health facilities.
Where data reported by NMCPs were sufficiently complete
and consistent to reliably assess trends between 2000 and
2014, a country was classified as being on track to achieve,
by 2015, a decrease in case incidence of >75%, 5075% or
<50%, or to experience an increase in case incidence by 2015,
using 2000 as the baseline. A 75% reduction in malaria case
incidence is equivalent to a 5% reduction per year between
2000 and 2015. Thus, to achieve a reduction of 75% by 2015,
countries need to have reduced the incidence of malaria
by at least 70% between 2000 and 2014. Countries that
reduced malaria incidence rates by 4870% between 2000
and 2014 are projected to achieve reductions in malaria
case incidence of 5075% in 2015.
Table 2.5 Summary of trends in estimated malaria case
incidence 20002015, for countries in which trends could
not be evaluated from reported data but can be assessed
through modeling
See the methods notes for Table 2.1 and Table 2.2 for
the estimation of incidence rates in high-transmission
countries, where the quality of surveillance data did not
permit a convincing estimate to be made from the number
of reported cases.
Figure2.7 Estimated number of cases in 2000 and 2015,
by WHO region
The figure shows changes in the estimated number of
cases by country within each WHO region. Each point
represents a country. See the methods notes for Table 2.1
for the estimation of the number of malaria cases.
Figure2.8 Number of countries with fewer than 1000,
100 and 10 cases, 20002015
the number of malaria cases.
Table 2.6 Classification of countries by programme phase,
December 2015
The criteria used to classify countries according to
programme phase were updated in 2012 to facilitate
tracking of progress over time (2). These focus on three
main components: the malaria epidemiological situation,
case-management practices and the state of the surveillance
system, as shown in Table A.1. The assessment concentrates
on the situation in those districts of the country reporting
the highest annual parasite index (API).

Table A.1
Criteria for classifying countries according to malaria programme phase

Pre-elimination
Elimination
Prevention of reintroduction
(1) R
ecently endemic country with
zero local transmission for at least
3 years; or
(2) c ountry on the register or
supplementary list that has ongoing
local transmissiona
Malaria situation in areas with most intense transmission
Test positivity rate

API in the district with the highest number of
cases/1000population/ year (ACD and PCD),b averaged over
the past 2 years
<5% among suspected malaria

patients (PCD) throughout the year
<1 (i.e. fewer than 1case/1000
population)
<5 (i.e. fewer than

5cases/1000population)
A manageable number (e.g. <1000

cases, local and imported) nationwide
Total number of reported malaria cases nationwide
Imported malaria. Maintain

capacity to detect malaria infection
and manage clinical disease
Case management
All cases detected in the private sector are microscopically
confirmed
All cases detected in the public sector are microscopically
confirmed
Nationwide microscopy quality assurance system covers public
and private sector
Radical treatment with primaquine for P.vivax
Treatment with ACT plus single-dose primaquine for
P.falciparum
National policy being rolled out
Yes
Yes
National policy being rolled out
Yes
Yes
Initiated
Yes
Yes
National policy being updated
National policy fully implemented
Yes
National policy being updated
National policy fully implemented
Yes
Vigilance by the general health
services
Surveillance
Malaria is a notifiable disease nationwide
(<2448hours)
Centralized register on cases, foci and vectors
Malaria elimination database
Active case detection in groups at high risk or with poor access
to services (proactive case detection)
Case and foci investigation and classification (including
reactive case detection and entomological investigation)
Laws and systems being put in place
Yes
Yes
Initiated
Initiated
Yes
Yes
Initiated
Yes
Yes
Certification process (optional)
In residual and cleared-up foci,
among high-risk population groups
Initiated
Yes
Yes
ABER: annual blood examination rate; ACD: active case detection; API: annual parasite index; PCD: passive case detection.
a
Ongoing local transmission = 2 consecutive years of local P.falciparum malaria transmission, or 3 consecutive years of local P.vivax malaria transmission, in the same locality or otherwise
epidemiologically linked.
b
The API has to be evaluated against the diagnostic activity in the risk area (measured as the ABER). Low values of ABER in a district raise the possibility that more cases would be found with improved
diagnostic efforts.
Figure2.9 Indigenous malaria cases in the WHO European

Region, by country, 19902015
The number of indigenous cases shown are those reported
to WHO by NMCPs.
Figure2.10 Indigenous malaria cases in the WHO European
Region by parasite species, 20002015
The number of indigenous cases shown are those reported
to WHO by NMCPs.
Section 3: Coverage of key interventions

Figure3.1 Proportion of population at risk with access to
an ITN and proportion sleeping under an ITN, subSaharan
Africa, 20002015
Estimates of ITN coverage were derived from a model
developed by the Malaria Atlas Project (12). A two-stage
process was followed. First, a mechanism was defined for
estimating net crop that is, the total number of ITNs in
households in a country at a given point in time taking
into account inputs to the system (e.g. deliveries of ITNs to
a country) and outputs (e.g. loss of ITNs from households).
Second, empirical modelling was used to translate estimated
net crops into resulting levels of coverage (e.g. access within
households, use in all ages and use among children aged
under 5 years).
The model incorporates three sources of information:

data on the number of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs)
delivered by manufacturers to countries, as provided
by Milliner Global Associates to WHO;
data on ITNs distributed within countries, as reported
by NMCPs to WHO; and
nationally representative household surveys from
39sub-Saharan African countries, from 2001 to 2014.
Countries and populations at risk
The main analysis covered 40 of the 47 malaria endemic
countries or areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The islands of
Mayotte (France) (for which no ITN delivery or distribution
data were available) and Cabo Verde (which does not
distribute ITNs) were excluded, as were the low-transmission
countries of Namibia, Sao Tome and Principe, South Africa
and Swaziland for which ITNs make up a small proportion
of vector control. Analyses were limited to populations
categorized as being at risk by NMCPs.
Estimating national net crops through time
As described by Flaxman et al. (13) with a large fraction of
these resources directed toward the distribution of ITNs,
national ITN systems were represented using a discrete
185
time stock-and-flow model. Nets delivered to a country by

manufacturers were modelled as first entering a country
stock compartment (i.e. stored in-country but not yet
distributed to households). Nets were then available from
this stock for distribution to households by the NMCP or
other distribution channels. To accommodate uncertainty
in net distribution, number of nets distributed in a given
year were specified as a range, with all available country
stock as one extreme (the maximum nets that could be
delivered) and the NMCP-reported value (the assumed
minimum distribution level) as the other. New nets reaching
households joined older nets remaining from earlier time
steps to constitute the total household net crop, with the
duration of net retention by households governed by a
loss function. Rather than fitting the loss function to a
small external dataset, as was done by Flaxman et al.,
the loss function was fitted directly to the distribution
and net crop data within the stock-and-flow model itself.
Loss functions were fitted on a country-by-country basis,
allowed to vary through time, and defined separately for
conventional ITNs (cITNs) and LLINs. The fitted loss functions
were compared to existing assumptions about rates of
net loss from households. The stock-and-flow model was
fitted using Bayesian inference and Markov chain Monte
Carlo methods, providing time-series estimates of national
household net crop for cITNs and LLINs in each country
along with evaluation of under-distribution, all with posterior
credible intervals.
Estimating national ITN access and use indicators from
net crop
Rates of ITN access within households depend not only on the
total number of ITNs in a country (i.e. net crop), but on how
those nets are distributed between households. One aspect
that is known to strongly influence the relationship between
net crop and household ownership distribution is the size of
households in different countries (14), which varies greatly
across sub-Saharan Africa.
Many recent national surveys report the number of ITNs
observed in each surveyed household. This makes is possible
to not only estimate net crop, but also to generate a
histogram that summarizes the net ownership pattern
(i.e. the proportion of households with zero nets, one net,
two nets and so on). In this way, the size of the net crop
was linked to distribution patterns among households,
while accounting for household size, so that ownership
distributions for each household size stratum could be
generated. The bivariate histogram of net crop to distribution
of nets among households by household size made it
possible to calculate the proportion of households with at
least one ITN and, because the number of both ITNs and
people in every household can be triangulated, to directly
calculate the two additional indicators: the proportion of
households with at least one ITN for every two people,
and the proportion of population with access to an ITN
within their household. For the final ITN indicator the
186
proportion of the population who slept under an ITN the

previous night the relationship between ITN and access
was defined using 62 surveys where both indicators were
available (ITN useall ages = 0.8133*ITN accessall ages + 0.0026,
R = 0.773). This relationship was applied to the Malaria
Atlas Projects country-year estimates of household access
to obtain ITN use among all ages. The same method
was used to obtain the country-year estimates of ITN
use in children aged under 5 years (ITN usechildren under five =
0.9327*ITN accessall ages + 0.0282, R = 0.754).
Figure3.2 Proportion of population sleeping under an
ITN, sub-Saharan Africa, 2015
See the methods notes for Figure3.1 for the estimation of
population sleeping under ITNs.
Figure3.3 Number of ITNs/LLINs delivered and distributed,
and the estimated number of LLINs needed annually to
achieve universal access in sub-Saharan Africa, 20042015
See the methods notes for Figure3.1 for the sources of LLINs
delivered and distributed. For estimating ITN requirements
to achieve universal access, the two-stage modelling
framework outlined in the notes for Figure3.1 represented
the pathway from ITN delivery from manufacturers through
to resulting levels of net access and use in households. It also
accounted for two potential factors that may reduce access
levels (i.e.the efficiency of allocation of nets to households
during distribution, and the loss of nets from households
over time), and allowed these to be quantified through time
for each country. Using this architecture, it was possible to
simulate delivery of any volume of ITNs to a given country
over a given future time period, to predict the levels of
access and use that would result, and to examine the impact
of different amounts of allocation efficiency and net loss.
The model was used to estimate the levels of access likely
to be achieved by 2015 under a broad spectrum of LLIN
delivery levels across the 4-year period. These simulations
were run under two scenarios: (i) business-as-usual, where
current levels were maintained for allocation efficiency and
net loss (approximately a 2-year median retention time);
and (ii) with both maximized allocation efficiency and a
3-year median retention time.
Figure3.4 Proportion of the population at risk protected
by IRS by WHO region, 20092014
The number of persons protected by indoor residual spraying
(IRS) and the population at risk of malaria was reported
by NMCPs to WHO. See the methods notes for Table 2.2
for the calculation of the population at risk.
Figure3.5 Proportion of the population protected by IRS
or with access to ITNs in sub-Saharan Africa, 2014
See the methods notes for Figure3.1 for derivation of the
population at risk with access to an ITN in their household in
2015, and Figure3.4 for the proportion benefitting from IRS.
The proportion benefitting from IRS in 2015 was assumed
to be the same as 2014 because this was the latest year for
which data on populations protected by IRS were available.
Analysis of household survey data indicates that about half

of the people in IRS-sprayed households are also protected
by ITNs (15). Therefore, the proportion of the population
protected by either ITNs or IRS was estimated by adding
half the proportion of the population protected by IRS to
the proportion with access to an ITN.
Figure3.6 Proportion of pregnant women receiving IPTp,
by dose, sub-Saharan Africa, 20072014
Women are eligible to receive intermittent preventive
treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) after the first trimester of
pregnancy; therefore, the total number of IPTp-eligible
women is the total number of second- and third-trimester
pregnancies in a given calendar year. This was calculated
for years 2001 through 2014 by adding total live births and
spontaneous pregnancy loss, specifically miscarriages and
stillbirths, after the first trimester. Spontaneous pregnancy
loss was previously calculated by Dellicour et al. (16).
Country-specific estimates of IPTp coverage were calculated
as the ratios of volumes of IPTp doses distributed to the
estimated numbers of IPTp-eligible pregnant women in a
given year. Antenatal care (ANC) attendance rates were
derived in the same way, using the number of first-time
ANC visits reported through routine information systems.
Local linear interpolation was used to compute missing
values. In countries that did not report data for the first
year of the policy, or in any year before the policy adoption,
the quantities of IPTp distributed were assumed to be
zero one year before the policy adoption, allowing for
interpolation of coverage estimates relative to reported
volumes in later years. For each country, the percentage of
pregnant women attending ANC and receiving IPTp doses
were calculated only for years in which NMCPs reported
that a nationwide IPTp policy was in place. Uncertainty
around the point estimates was determined by using
Monte Carlo simulations to sample from specified input
distributions. Sampling from these distributions yielded
1000 point estimates for country-level IPTp dose-specific
coverage and ANC attendance for each year, which were
then summarized by country-specific means and 95%
confidence intervals. Locally estimated regression (17),
using the 1000 country-level estimates, was used to predict
the continental coverage for each year.
Figure3.7 Proportion of pregnant women receiving at
least one dose of IPTp, sub-Saharan Africa, 20132014
See the methods notes for Figure3.6 for the estimation
of percentage of pregnant women receiving at least one
dose of IPTp.
Figure3.8 Proportion of suspected malaria cases attending
public health facilities that received a diagnostic test,
The proportion of suspected malaria cases receiving a
malaria diagnostic test in public facilities was calculated
from NMCP reports to WHO. The number of malaria
diagnostic tests performed included the number of RDTs
and microscopic slide examinations. Few countries reported
the number of suspected malaria cases as an independent
value. For countries reporting the total number of malaria

cases as presumed malaria cases (i.e. cases classified as
malaria without undergoing malaria parasitological testing)
and confirmed malaria cases, the number of suspected
cases was calculated by adding the number of negative
diagnostic tests to the number of presumed and confirmed
cases. Using this method for countries that reported only
confirmed malaria cases for the total number of malaria
cases, the number of suspected cases is equal to the number
of cases tested. This is not informative in determining the
proportion of suspected cases tested; therefore, countries
were excluded from the regional calculation for years
in which they reported only confirmed cases for total
malaria cases.
Figure3.9 Proportion of febrile children presenting
for treatment, by health sector, sub-Saharan Africa,
20132015
The estimates for source of care for febrile children were
derived using data from 18 nationally representative
household surveys (demographic and health surveys [DHS]
and malaria indicator surveys [MIS]) conducted from
2013 through 2015. The surveys included the following
data, provided by caregivers, on each child aged under
5 years living in the surveyed households: if the child had
had a fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, whether
care was sought for the fever, and if so, where care was
sought, whether a diagnostic test was administered, and the
treatment received.
Figure3.10 Proportion of febrile children receiving a blood
test, by health sector, sub-Saharan Africa, 20132015
See the methods notes for Figure3.9.
Figure3.11 Number of RDTs sold by manufacturers and
distributed by NMCPs, by WHO region, 20052014
The numbers of RDTs distributed by WHO region are
the annual totals reported to be distributed by NMCPs.
Manufacturers reporting the number of RDT sales between
2008 and 2014 included 44 manufacturers that participate in
RDT product testing by WHO, the Foundation for Innovative
New Diagnostics (FIND), the United States Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Special Programme
for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR).
The number of RDTs reported by manufacturers represents
total sales to the public and private sector worldwide.
Figure3.12 Ratio of ACT treatment courses distributed
to diagnostic tests performed (RDTs or microscopy),
WHO African Region, 20062014
The number of RDTs and ACTs distributed within countries
by national programmes are reported by NMCPs to WHO,
as are the number of microscopic examinations of blood
slides performed for malaria parasites and number of RDTs
performed. This figure shows the ratio of these data over time.
The test positivity rate was calculated as the total number of
positive tests (slide examinations and RDTs) divided by the
total number tests (slides examinations and RDTs) reported
by countries in the WHO African Region in 2014.
187
Figure3.13 Estimated proportion of children aged under

5years with confirmed P. falciparum malaria who received
ACTs, subSaharan Africa, 20032014
The proportion of children with uncomplicated malaria
(defined as fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey,
and parasite infection measured by RDT at the time of the
survey) receiving an ACT was estimated for all countries
in sub-Saharan Africa 20032014 using a three-step
modelling approach:
1. Fitting a model to predict whether a child with fever has
a malaria infection: Recent MIS and DHS include the
malaria parasite infection status of a child, assessed
from an RDT given at the time of the survey. It was
assumed that a positive RDT provides a reasonable
measure of a 2-week period prevalence of infection
(1820). A logistic regression model was created to
predict malaria parasite infection among febrile children.
Covariates in the model included the childs age and sex,
household wealth quintile, ITN ownership, facility type
where treatment was sought (public/other), urban/rural
status, and malaria transmission intensity as measured
by proportion of children aged 210 years infected with
P.falciparum (PfPR210).
2. Predicting the infection status of children in surveys in
which RDTs were not used: Coefficients estimated from
the logistic regression model in step 1 were used to obtain
predictions of infection status among all children with
a fever from DHS, MIS and multiple indicator cluster
surveys (MICS) in which RDT testing had not been
performed. The national survey-weighted proportion
of febrile children with a malaria parasite infection
(RDT measured or imputed) aged under 5 years who
received an ACT was then calculated for all surveys.
MICS were included. Annual estimates of mean P.falciparum

parasite rates in children aged 210 years (PfPR210), as well
as the total population at malaria risk, were ascertained
from the Malaria Atlas Project (see methods notes for Table
2.1 and Table 2.2).
Figure3.14 Proportion of febrile children who receive
an ACT among those who receive any antimalarial,
Figure3.15 Proportion of febrile children receiving
antimalarial treatments, by type, sub-Saharan
Africa, 2013-2015
Figure 3.16 Proportion of febrile children who receive an
ACT among those who receive any antimalarial, by place
where care was sought, sub-Saharan Africa, 20132015
See the methods notes for Figure 3.9.
Figure3.17 Number of ACT treatment courses distributed
by NMCPs, by WHO region, and ACT treatment courses
delivered by manufacturers to the public and private
sector, 20052014
Data on ACT deliveries were provided by ten manufacturers
eligible for procurement by WHO/UNICEF. ACT sales were
categorized as either to the public sector or to the private
sector. Data on ACTs distributed within countries through
the public sector were taken from NMCP reports to WHO.
3. Estimating the proportion of children with malaria that

received an ACT: The ACT distribution data reported
by NMCPs were used to calculate a predicted ACT
availability per person at risk for P.falciparum malaria
in each country. A linear model was then created to
predict the proportion of children with malaria receiving
an ACT, using ACT availability per capita in the current
and previous year as a covariate, with additional
covariates including national ITN coverage (by year),
measles vaccination coverage, gross national income,
and the proportion of births with a skilled birth attendant
(20). The model was run in a Bayesian framework using
Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, and included
uncorrelated random effects for each country and
correlated (autoregressive) random effects for each
year. The proportion of children who received ACTs for
each country and year (20032014) was imputed for
non-survey years, based on the relationship between
ACT coverage and ACT availability across countries.
Figure3.18 Predicted time series of PfPR210 across endemic

Africa with and without interventions, 20002015
The model used to estimate malaria case incidence
(described is the methods notes for Table 2.1) is based
on various surveys of parasite prevalence undertaken
between 2000 and 2015. It also incorporates time-series
models of coverage for ITN use, IRS and access to ACTs
within each country, and a suite of environmental and
sociodemographic covariates. The model was used to
predict a spatiotemporal cube of age-structured PfPR
at 55 km resolution across all endemic African countries
for each year from 2000 to 2015. During the process of
modelling, flexible functional forms were fitted to capture the
effect of each intervention on declining PfPR as a function of
coverage reached and the starting (pre-intervention) PfPR
in 2000. Using the observed effect of each intervention,
it was possible to generate counterfactual maps estimating
contemporary PfPR under hypothetical scenarios without
interventions. This no intervention counterfactual was
then used to estimate the total effect of interventions on
parasite prevalence and case incidence.
Household survey data were considered if they included a

module assessing fever treatment behaviour for children
aged under 5 years, categorized by type of antimalarial
received. For the period 20032014, 16 MIS, 61 DHS and 22
Figure3.19 Predicted cumulative number of malaria cases

averted by interventions, sub-Saharan Africa, 20002015
188

Section 4: Costs of malaria control and cost savings
Figure4.1 Investments in malaria control activities by
funding source, 20052014
Domestic financing data included contributions from
governments of malaria endemic countries for the period
20052014 that were obtained from NMCPs for the World
malaria reports. When domestic financing data were not
available for 2014, data from previous years were used.
Domestic financing data exclude government spending
on case management, including the cost of the time that
health workers spend testing, treating and tracking malaria
patients and the cost of capital (e.g. infrastructure and
vehicles). Data also exclude household spending on malaria
prevention and treatment. International financing data were
obtained from several sources. The Global Fund to Fight
AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) provided
disbursed amounts by year and country for the period
20052014. Data on funding from the government of the
United States of America (USA) were sourced from the
US Foreign Assistance Dashboard (22), with the technical
support of the Kaiser Family Foundation. Funding data were
available for the US Agency for International Development
(USAID), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) and the US Department of Defense. Country-level
data were available from USAID only, and only for the
period 20062014. Financing data for other international
funders included annual disbursement flows for the period
20052013, obtained from the Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development (OECD) Creditor Reporting
System (CRS) aid activity database. For each year and each
funder, the list of regional- and country-level project-type
interventions and other technical assistance were abstracted.
Contributions to programmes and funds managed by
international organizations (e.g. Global Fund contributions)
were excluded. International annual contributions for 2014
were estimated by projecting linearly 2011-2013 available
estimates. To measure funding trends in real terms (i.e.
corrected for inflation), all values were converted to constant
2014 US$ using the gross domestic product (GDP) implicit
price deflators published by the World Bank (23).
Figure4.2 Investments in malaria control activities by
WHO region and funding source, 20052014
See the methods notes for Figure4.1 for investments in
malaria control activities by funding source.
Figure4.3 Expenditures on ITN/LLIN, ACT, RDT and IRS,
and trend in international funding, 20042014
Manufacturers sales volumes data on ITNs/LLINs (as
provided by Milliner Global Associates to WHO), RDTs (see
methods notes for Figure3.11) and ACTs (see methods notes
for Figure3.16) and the number of people at risk covered
by IRS (see methods notes for Figure3.4) were used to
estimate the amount spent each year in preventive and
curative commodities.
i) Calculating expenditures for ITNs/LLINs: ITN/LLIN sales
volumes data were sourced from the Net Mapping
Project, which provided data for 47 sub-Saharan African
countries from 2004 to 2014 and for 51 malaria endemic

countries outside sub-Saharan Africa for the period
20112014. LLIN price data originated from a review of
country-level transactions information available from
the Global Funds Price & Quality Reporting (PQR) tool
(23). LLIN price data included the name of the country of
delivery, LLIN manufacturer name, net shape, net size,
number of nets purchased, unit cost in US$ at the time
of the transaction and transaction date. The review of
price data concentrated on prices of rectangular nets of
any size. For each country and each year, the average
procurement price paid per net was calculated. For LLIN
price observations for which there was no information
on whether freight cost was included, freight cost was
assumed not to be included, following the data entry
guidelines of the PQR tool (24). For price observations
for which freight cost was excluded, unit price data
were inflated by 20%. For countries missing price data,
the regional LLIN average price was imputed.
ii) Calculating expenditures for IRS: The unit cost of protecting
one person per year with IRS, which varied by year,
was estimated by calculating the average cost of covering
one person with IRS across 10 countries for the years
20082012 (Abt Associates, personal communication,
June 2014). IRS commodity cost included the costs of
insecticide, shipping and equipment. The costs of spraying
operations, local labour and local administration were
excluded, to follow the approach used for the other
commodities costed in this report.
iii) Calculating expenditures for RDTs and ACTs: RDT and
ACT sales volumes were sourced from manufacturers
reports to WHO. RDT price data originated from a review
of country-level transactions information available from
the Global Funds PQR tool (24). RDT average unit price
was calculated as the average of all CareStart Malaria
product prices. ACT price data were sourced from the
Management Sciences for Health (MSH) international
drug price database (25). ACT average treatment price
was calculated across all ACT types with price information
(including AL, AS-AQ, AS-MQ, AS-SP across different
strengths) on the basis of a full dose for treating a 60kg
adult (26). ACT and RDT prices were inflated by 20% to
reflect the cost of freight and insurance.
Figure4.4 Provider savings in malaria case management
costs attributable to expansion of malaria control
activities, 20012014
The analysis concentrated on sub-Saharan Africa and took
a public provider perspective. Data included:
number of malaria cases averted from the decline
in case incidence rates observed between 2000 and
2015 (see the methods notes for Table 2.1 and Table
2.2, and Figure 3.18);
proportion of malaria cases estimated to seek care
in the public sector from nationally representative
household surveys;
189
proportion of cases that move to severe stage and that

are hospitalized (27);
proportion of suspected cases seeking care at public
facilities that receive a blood test using microscopy or
RDT (see the methods notes for Figure 3.8); and
proportion of children with malaria who received an
ACT, another antimalarial (chloroquine or sulphadoxinepyrimethamine) or medicine (see the methods notes for
Figure 3.13 extended to non-ACT)
To estimate the savings incurred by health systems due
to a reduced number of cases, it was assumed that the
cases averted that would have attended public health
facilities would have received an antimalarial if diagnosed
presumptively or if they were tested either by microscopy or
RDT and the test result was positive. The cost of blood test
diagnosis was assumed to be equal to the price of an RDT.
Medicine procurement prices were sourced from the MSH
international drug price database. For ACT, the average
price for treating a 60 kg adult was estimated as described
under methods notes for Figure4.3. Non-ACT medicines
were costed at the average price of chloroquine and
sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine adult treatment prices. Severe
cases were assumed to be treated with quinine, or a similarly
priced medicine. Medicine costs were inflated for wastage
(10%), freight and insurance (20%), and in-country service
delivery (15%). Outpatient visit costs from the perspective of
the provider were estimated for each country by calculating
the average price of a visit to rural and urban health facilities
(without bed) as estimated in the WHO-CHOICE tool (28).
Similarly, inpatient admission costs were estimated in
terms of average unit bed-day stay at primary and tertiary
hospitals in each country also using the WHO CHOICE tool.
Hospitalization for a severe malaria case was assumed to
last for 3 days. An annual inflation rate of 3% was assumed
when converting WHO-CHOICE price estimates for 2008
to cover the 20012014 period. To measure funding trends
in real terms (i.e. corrected for inflation), all values were
converted to constant 2014 US$ using the GDP implicit
price deflators published by the World Bank (23). The cost
savings attributable to malaria control interventions were
derived from the relative contribution of each intervention
in averting cases (see methods notes for Figure3.18.)
Section 5: Challenges
Figure5.1 Estimated proportion, and cumulative proportion,
of the global number of (a) malaria cases and (b) malaria
deaths in 2015 for countries accounting for the highest
share of the malaria disease burden
malaria cases and deaths.
Figure5.2 Reduction in malaria incidence, 20002015
versus estimated number of cases in a country in 2000
See the methods notes for Table 2.1 and Table 2.2 for
the estimation of malaria cases and incidence rates.
190
Two countries with increases (negative decreases) were

excluded from the figure.
Figure5.3 Proportion and number of people not receiving
an intervention, sub-Saharan Africa, 2014
See the methods notes for Figure 3.5, Figure 3.6 and
Figure 3.7 for the estimation of the proportion of the target
population receiving an intervention. The formula, 100% (%receiving the intervention), was applied to the population
at risk targeted by each intervention to calculate the
population not receiving an intervention. See the methods
notes for Figure3.6 for estimation of the population of
pregnant women. The population living in households
was calculated by utilizing the population at risk, see the
methods for Table 2.2 for the derivation of population sizes,
and household size, as derived from nationally representative
household survey data. The number of children aged under
5 years with malaria infection was estimated by applying
the modelled country-specific age distribution of cases (29)
to the total number of cases, calculated by the methods
described for Table 2.1.
Figure5.4 Population at risk of malaria in sub-Saharan
Africa with access to or using vector control, 2014
See the methods notes for Figure 3.5 for the estimation of
indicators related to vector-control coverage.
Figure5.5 Proportion of pregnant women attending ANC
and proportion receiving IPTp, by dose, in sub-Saharan
Africa, 2014
See the methods notes for Figure3.7 for the estimation
of pregnant women receiving IPTp doses and attending
ANC at least once.
Figure5.6 Proportion of febrile children aged under
5years receiving antimalarial medicines, by place of
where care was sought, among sub-Saharan countries
with household surveys, 20132015
See the methods notes for Figure 3.9.
Figure5.7 Number of nurses per 1000 population in
malaria endemic countries versus estimated number
of malaria deaths*
malaria cases. Data on nurses per capita were obtained
from the Global Health Observatory Data Repository
(nursing and midwifery personnel data by country) (30).
Figure5.8 Proportion of malaria cases seeking care (a)
in public sector and (b) private sector versus estimated
number of malaria cases, sub-Saharan Africa, 2015
malaria cases. The percentage of malaria cases seeking
care in the public sector was calculated using nationally
representative household survey data applied to estimates
of malaria cases.

Figure5.9 Gross national income per capita versus
estimated number of malaria cases, by WHO region, 2015
malaria cases. Data on gross national income per capita
based on purchasing power parity was obtained from the
World Bank (31).
Figure5.10 (a) Domestic government spending on malaria
control per capita and (b) international government
spending on malaria control per capita versus estimated
number of malaria deaths, by WHO region, 2015
malaria cases, and the methods notes for Figure4.1 for the
estimation of NMCP spending on malaria control per capita.
Figure5.11 Estimated spending on malaria treatment,
See the methods notes for Figure4.3 for the estimation of
spending on malaria treatment.
Table 5.12 Proportion of estimated malaria cases in each
region due to P. vivax, 2015
estimation of malaria cases.
Figure5.13 Proportion of global P. vivax cases occurring
in each WHO region
Figure5.14 Proportion of reported malaria cases due
to P. vivax, countries with different average caseloads
between 2000 and 2014
Figure5.15 Insecticide resistance and monitoring status,
by insecticide class and WHO region, 20102014
Insecticide resistance monitoring results were collected
from NMCP reports to WHO, the African Network for Vector
Resistance, Malaria Atlas Project, United States Presidents
Malaria Initiative (PMI) and the published literature. In these
studies, confirmed resistance was defined as mosquito
mortality <90% in bioassay tests with standard insecticide
doses. Where multiple insecticide classes or types, mosquito
species or time points were tested, the highest resistance
status was considered.
Figure5.16 Reported pyrethroid resistance status of
malaria vectors, measured with insecticide bioassays
since 2010
See the methods notes for Figure5.16 for assessing pyrethroid
resistance status.
Section 5.6: Antimalarial drug efficacy and

resistance
The WHO global antimalarial drug efficacy database contains
data from therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) conducted
by NMCPs, research institutes and nongovernmental

organizations. Currently, the database holds over 1130
TES, conducted in 62 malaria endemic countries from
2005 to 2015. About 900 of the studies were conducted
on the treatment efficacy of ACTs against P.falciparum,
and the remainder were conducted on treatment efficacy
against P.vivax.
WHO encourages malaria endemic countries to conduct
antimalarial TES on nationally recommended first- and
second-line medicines once every 2 years. The WHO
protocol provides standardized methods for conducting
TES for both P.falciparum and P.vivax; such studies allow
comparison of data across geographical regions and
over time. Studies are conducted at sentinel sites, which
are selected based on population distribution and density,
accessibility, feasibility of supervision, malaria epidemiology,
population mobility and migration. Updates on the global
status of antimalarial drug efficacy for both P.falciparum
and P.vivax are available on the WHO website (32).
Section 6: Moving forward

Table 6.1 Goals, milestones and targets of the Global
technical strategy for malaria 20162030 and Action and
investment to defeat malaria 20162030
The table shows the goals, milestones and targets of the
Global technical strategy for malaria 20162020 and Action
and investment to defeat malaria 20162030 (33).
Regional profiles
Figure A. Incidence was derived from reports of confirmed
malaria cases in 2014 (by microscopy or RDT) from ministries
of health to WHO, and from the number of people living at
risk for malaria in each geographical unit, as reported by
NMCPs. Values were corrected for reporting completeness
by dividing the proportion of health-facility reports received
in 2014 by the number expected. If subnational data on
population or malaria cases were lacking, an administrative
unit was labelled insufficient data on the map. In some
cases, the subnational data provided by the NMCP did not
correspond to a subnational administrative area known to
WHO, because of either modifications to administrative
boundaries, or the use of names not verifiable by WHO.
The maps for countries outside of the WHO Region of the
Americas and WHO European Region display a combination
of cases per 1000 per year, and parasite prevalence in areas
with >10 cases per 1000population per year. The parasite
prevalence used in regions with >10 cases per 1000 is the
sum of the rates for P.falciparum and P.vivax calculated at
each location (~1 km2). The parasite rate for P.falciparum
was from two sources, one global (34) and one for Africa(7),
with the African source taking precedence over the global
source. The parasite rate for P.vivax was taken from one
global source (35). Data on environmental suitability for
malaria transmission were used to identify areas that would
be free of malaria or have unstable malaria transmission.
191
Figure B. Sources of data for the financial contributions

were as described for Figure4.1.
Figure C. Sources of data for international and domestic
contributions were as described in the notes for Figure4.1.
Funding per capita at risk was calculated by giving
populations at low risk for malaria (i.e. those living in areas
with fewer than one case reported per 1000 per year) half
the weight of populations at high risk (i.e. those living in
areas with one or more cases reported per 1000 per year).
This procedure was followed to ensure that countries with
populations at low risk for malaria could be included in the
analysis, and also to take into account the greater need for
malaria programmes and funds in countries with larger
proportions of their population at high risk for malaria.
Figure D. For the WHO African Region and for Djibouti,
Somalia and the Sudan in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean
Region, the proportion of the population with access to
an ITN was derived from a model that takes into account
household survey data, ITNs distributed by NMCPs, and ITNs
delivered by manufacturers (see methods notes for Figure3.1
and Figure3.2). For other countries, the proportion of the
population protected with ITNs was estimated from the
number of ITNs delivered by NMCPs in the past 3 years,
divided by the population at high risk. It is assumed that
each net delivered can cover on average 1.8 people,
that conventional nets are re-treated regularly, and that
nets have a lifespan of 3 years. The denominator was the
population living at high risk for malaria, since it is assumed
that, in countries with lower levels of transmission, ITNs will
be preferentially targeted to populations at higher risk.
IRS coverage was calculated as the total number of people
protected with IRS, divided by the population at high
risk. There are limited data on the extent to which these
interventions overlap, so the two bars simply represent
the percentage of populations protected by the respective
interventions individually. When no population at high risk
was defined for a country, total population at risk was used
as a denominator.
For the WHO European Region, the graph presents the
number of introduced, imported and indigenous cases by
year, reported by NMCPs.
Figure E. Few countries have information systems that
record treatments given to individual patients. It is therefore
necessary to use aggregate information on numbers of
treatment courses delivered to public health facilities,
and relate this information to the number of malaria cases
among patients attending such facilities. For countries in
the WHO African Region, the number of treatment courses
available was calculated as the total number of ACT
courses distributed by a ministry of health, divided by the
estimated number of presumed cases recorded as malaria
(without a diagnostic test having been performed) plus
confirmed P.falciparum malaria cases at public health
facilities. In other WHO regions, the number of treatment
192
courses available is shown as a percentage of confirmed

malaria cases plus presumed malaria cases reported in
the public sector, correcting for reporting completeness.
The bars for any antimalarial treatment show the number
of all treatment courses supplied in relation to all malaria
cases of any Plasmodium species, including the ACT to
treat P.falciparum.
For the WHO European Region, the graph presents the
number of indigenous cases reported by NMCPs.
Figure F. The percentage of confirmed cases in which
P.falciparum or a mixed infection was detected was
calculated as the total number of P.falciparum and mixed
infections between 2010 and 2014, divided by the number
of confirmed cases over that period. For countries in the
elimination phase, only locally acquired P.falciparum cases
and mixed infections were considered.
For the WHO African Region, the estimated incidence (as
described in the methods for Table 2.1 and Table 2.2) is
presented for years 2000 and 2015. The bars represent
the estimated incidence and the lines represent the 95%
credible intervals of the estimation.
For the WHO European Region, the figure presents the total
number of P.falciparum and P.vivax by year, reported by
ministries of health.
Figure G. Analysis of changes in malaria incidence rates
focuses on confirmed cases (by microscopy or RDT) reported
by ministries of health, to ensure that malaria (not other
febrile illnesses) is tracked. For countries in the WHO African
Region (except for Algeria, Cabo Verde, Namibia and South
Africa), and Papua New Guinea in the WHO Western Pacific
Region, the figure shows percentage reductions in the rate of
hospital admissions and deaths and in the rate of reported
malaria deaths. Although the diagnosis of admitted patients
is not always confirmed with a diagnostic test, the predictive
value of diagnosis undertaken for an admitted patient is
considered to be higher than for outpatient diagnosis.
See the methods notes for Table 2.4 for more details of
the analysis undertaken.
Country profiles
Maps: The procedures used to create the map of confirmed
cases were the same as those used for Figure A for the
regional profiles; that is, for countries outside the WHO
Region of the Americas and the WHO European Region,
if an area has >10 cases per 1000, the parasite prevalence
is used instead. For countries in the WHO Region of the
Americas and WHO European Region, only the cases per
1000 data are used. For the map showing the proportion
of cases due to P.falciparum, the proportion is only shown

where the number of cases is >0.1 per 1000. Otherwise,
the cases per 1000 is shown instead of the proportion.
The proportion (where shown) was calculated from the
P.falciparum prevalence divided by the sum of P.falciparum
and P.vivax prevalence.
Population: The total population of each country was taken
from the 2015 revision of the World population prospects
(10). The country population was subdivided into three
levels of malaria endemicity, as reported by the NMCPs:
i) areas of high transmission, where the reported incidence
of confirmed malaria due to all species was >1 per
1000population per year in 2014;
ii) areas of low transmission, where the reported malaria
case incidence from all species was 1 per 1000population
per year in 2014, but >0 (transmission in these areas
is generally highly seasonal, with or without epidemic
peaks); and
iii) malaria free areas, where there is no continuing local
mosquito-borne malaria transmission, and all reported
malaria cases are imported; an area is designated
malaria free when no cases have occurred for
several years.
Areas may be naturally malaria free because of factors that
are unfavourable for malaria transmission (e.g. altitude or
other environmental factors), or they may become malaria
free as a result of effective control efforts. In practice,
malaria-free areas can be accurately designated by
NMCPs only after the local epidemiological situation and
the results of entomological and biomarker investigations
have been taken into account.
In cases where an NMCP did not provide the number of
people living in high- and low-risk areas, the numbers were
inferred from subnational case incidence data provided
by the programme. The population at risk is the total
population living in areas where malaria is endemic (low
and high transmission), excluding the population living
in malaria free areas. The population at risk is used as
the denominator in calculating the coverage of malaria
interventions, and is therefore used in assessing current
and future needs for malaria control interventions, taking
into account the population already covered. For countries
in the pre-elimination and elimination stages, population
at risk is defined by the countries, based on the resident
populations in foci where active malaria transmission occurs.
Parasites and vectors: The species of mosquito responsible
for malaria transmission in a country, and the species of
Plasmodium involved, are listed according to information
provided by WHO regional offices. The proportion of
malaria cases due to P.falciparum was estimated from the
number of P.falciparum and mixed infections detected by
microscopy, divided by the total number of malaria cases
confirmed by microscopy in 2014.

Intervention policy: The policies and strategies adopted by
each country were reported by NMCPs to WHO. They vary
according to the epidemiological setting, socioeconomic
factors and the capacity of the NMCP or the countrys
health system. Adoption of policies does not necessarily
imply immediate implementation, nor does it indicate full,
continuous implementation nationwide.
Antimalarial treatment policy: Antimalarial treatment
policies were reported by NMCPs to WHO.
Therapeutic efficacy tests: Data on therapeutic efficacy
were extracted from the WHO global antimalarial drug
efficacy database. The data originated from three main
sources: published data, unpublished data and regular
monitoring data from surveillance studies conducted
according to the WHO standard protocol. The percentage
of treatment failures is the total number of failures (early
treatment failures + late clinical failures + late parasitological
failures), divided by the total number of patients who
completed the study follow-up. The number of studies
included in the analysis and the years during which the
studies were conducted are shown for each antimalarial
medicine. The minimum, median and maximum describe
the range of treatment failures observed in the studies for
each antimalarial medicine.
III. Financing
Sources of financing: The data shown are those reported
by NMCPs. The government contribution is usually the
declared government expenditure for the year. In cases
where government expenditure was not reported by the
programme, the government budget was used. External
contributions are those allocated to the programme by
external agencies; however, such contributions may or may
not be disbursed. Additional information about contributions
from specific donor agencies, as reported by these agencies,
is given in Annex 3. All countries were asked to convert their
local currencies to US$ for reporting on sources of financing.
Expenditure by intervention in 2014: The pie chart shows
the proportion of malaria funding from all sources that
was spent on ITNs, insecticides and spraying materials,
IRS, diagnosis, antimalarial medicines, monitoring and
evaluation, human resources, technical assistance and
management. There are differences in the completeness
of data between countries, and the activities for which
expenditures are reported do not necessarily include all
items of expenditure. For example, government expenditures
usually only include expenditures specific to malaria control,
and do not take into account costs related to health-facility
staff, infrastructure and so on.
193
IV. Coverage
Cases tested and cases treated in the public sector
ITN and IRS coverage: Indicators are shown according to

data availability:
Suspected cases tested the number of suspected cases

examined by microscopy or by RDT, divided by the total
number of suspected malaria cases. For countries that do
not report the number of suspected cases independently,
the number of suspected malaria cases is derived from the
number of presumed and confirmed cases, the number
tested and the number of positive tests. This indicator reflects
the extent to which a programme can provide diagnostic
services to patients attending public health facilities. It does
not consider patients attending privately run health facilities,
and therefore does not reflect the experience of all patients
seeking treatment. In many situations, health facilities in the
private sector are less likely to provide a diagnostic test
than those in the public sector. The indicator may also be
biased if those health facilities that provide a diagnostic
test (e.g. hospitals) are more likely than other facilities to
submit monthly reports.
a) With access to an ITN (survey) the proportion of

all individuals that could be covered by available
ITNs in each household, assuming each ITN can be
shared by two people. The indicator is calculated from
nationally representative household surveys such as
DHS, MICS and MIS.
b) All ages who slept under an ITN (survey) the proportion
of all individuals who spent the previous night in surveyed
households who slept under an ITN, as measured in
a nationally representative household survey such as
DHS, MICS or MIS.
c) With access to an ITN (model) for high-transmission
countries in the WHO African Region, a model was
used to estimate the proportion of the population with
access to an ITN within their household for years in
which household survey results were not available.
The methods used to estimate the indicator were the
same as those described for Figure3.1 and Figure3.2.
d) At high risk protected by ITNs for countries in WHO
regions other than the African Region, nationally
representative household surveys are not undertaken
sufficiently frequently to allow an assessment of levels
and trends in ITN coverage. Therefore, the number of
ITNs distributed by NMCPs is used. The proportion of the
population potentially protected with ITNs is calculated
as 1.8 (number of LLINs distributed in the past 3 years +
number of conventional ITNs distributed or re-treated in
the past year) divided by the population at high risk for
malaria. LLINs are considered to have an average useful
lifespan of 3 years and conventional ITNs 1 year; also,
each net is assumed to protect two people. The ratio of
1.8 is used in the formula to allow for only one person
sleeping under some ITNs in households with an odd
number of inhabitants. The population at high risk is
used as the denominator because it is assumed that
populations at high risk will be preferentially targeted
to receive an ITN. For countries in the elimination phase,
those residing in foci are considered to be the population
at risk.
e) At high risk protected by IRS calculated as the number
of people living in a household where IRS has been
applied during the preceding 12months, divided by the
population at risk (the sum of populations living in lowand high-transmission areas). For areas outside Africa,
the population at high risk is used as the denominator.
The percentage of people protected by IRS is a measure
of the extent to which IRS is implemented and the extent to
which the population at risk benefits from IRS nationwide.
The data show neither the quality of spraying nor the
geographical distribution of IRS coverage in a country.
194
Under 5 with fever with finger/heel stick (survey) the

proportion of children aged under 5 years with fever in the
past weeks who had a finger or heel stick, as measured
in a nationally representative household survey such as
DHS, MICS or MIS.
Antimalarial medicines distributed versus cases few
countries have information systems that are able to record
the treatments given to individual patients. Instead, data on
the numbers of antimalarial medicines distributed by the
countrys ministry of health are used to calculate proxy
indicators of access to treatment. Three indicators are shown:
a) Antimalarials distributed versus all malaria cases the
number of first-line treatment courses distributed, divided
by the estimated number of malaria cases attending
public sector health facilities.
b) ACTs distributed versus P.falciparum malaria cases the
number of ACT treatment courses distributed, divided
by the estimated number of P.falciparum malaria cases
attending public sector health facilities.
c) Primaquine distributed versus P.vivax malaria cases
the number of primaquine treatment courses distributed,
divided by the estimated number of P.vivax malaria
cases attending public sector health facilities. For hightransmission countries in the WHO African Region,
the estimated number of malaria cases attending
public sector health facilities is used as a denominator.
For other countries, the denominator is the number of
confirmed cases plus the number of presumed cases,
adjusted for reporting completeness. These indicators
can provide information on whether the NMCP delivers
sufficient antimalarial medicines to treat all malaria
patients who seek treatment in the public sector. It is
not a direct measure of the proportion of patients with
malaria that have received treatment.

ACTs as a percentage of all antimalarials received (survey)
children aged under 5 years with fever in the past 2 weeks
who received ACTs as a proportion of children aged under
5 years with fever who received any antimalarial.
Cases tracked
Reporting completeness calculated as the total number
of health-facility reports received by a ministry of health
during a year, divided by the total number of facility reports
that were expected in that year. The expected number of
facility reports is the number of health facilities multiplied
by the frequency of reporting; that is, if 100 facilities are
expected to report each month, 1200 reports would be
expected during a year.
Percentage fever cases <5 seeking treatment at public
health facility (survey) the proportion of children aged
under 5 years with fever in the past 2 weeks who sought
treatment at a public health facility, derived from a nationally
representative household survey such as DHS, MICS or MIS
(for programmes in the control phase only).
Cases investigated the proportion of reported confirmed
malaria cases that are investigated for additional information
on the characteristics of the case; most importantly, whether
the case was imported or locally acquired (for programmes
in the pre-elimination and elimination phase only).
Foci investigated the proportion of foci of malaria
transmission that are investigated for additional information
on the characteristics of transmission of malaria, including
evidence of local malaria transmission and entomological
information such as vector breeding sites within the
transmission focus (for programmes in the pre-elimination
and elimination phase only).
V. Impact
Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 and ABER (microscopy

and RDT) the number of parasitological tests (by microscopy
or RDT) undertaken per 100population at risk per year.
The numbers of parasitological tests were derived from
reports by NMCPs to WHO. The ABER provides information
on the extent of diagnostic testing in a population. It can be
useful to take ABER into account when interpreting trends in
confirmed cases. To discern changes in malaria incidence,
the ABER should ideally remain constant (see the methods
notes for Table 2.4). There is no set threshold or target for
ABER; rather, it is the trend in ABER in relation to reported
case incidence that is most informative.
Cases (all species) the total number of confirmed malaria
cases (by microscopy or RDT) divided by the population at
risk. The numbers of confirmed cases were derived from
reports by NMCPs to WHO. The indicator is useful in assessing
changes in the incidence of malaria over time, provided
that there has been consistency in patient attendance at
facilities, diagnostic testing and case reporting over time.
Cases (P.vivax) the total number of confirmed P.vivax
malaria cases (by microscopy or RDT) divided by the
population at risk. The numbers of confirmed P.vivax
cases were derived from reports by NMCPs to WHO (the
numbers exclude mixed infections). For countries in the
pre-elimination or elimination phases, the total number
of indigenous cases (acquired within the country) and
imported cases were also plotted.
Malaria admissions and deaths (for countries in the control
phase) numbers for malaria admissions and deaths for
countries in the control phase were derived from reports
by NMCPs to WHO.
Admissions (all species) the number of patients admitted
for malaria with malaria as the primary discharge diagnosis,
divided by the population at risk.
Test positivity slide positivity rate (SPR) the number of

microscopically positive cases divided by the total number
of slides examined.
Admissions (P.vivax) the number of patients admitted

for malaria with P.vivax malaria as the primary discharge
diagnosis, divided by the population at risk.
RDT positivity rate the number of positive RDT tests

divided by the total number of RDT tests carried out. The RDT
positivity rate and SPR are derived from the number of
parasitologically positive cases per 100 cases examined
by RDT or microscopy. They measure the prevalence of
malaria parasites among people who seek care and are
examined in health facilities. Trends in these indicators may
be less distorted by variations in the ABER than by trends
in the number of confirmed cases.
Deaths (all species) the number of patients dying in

health facilities with malaria as the primary cause of death,
divided by the population at risk.
Deaths (P.vivax) the number of patients dying in health
facilities with P.vivax malaria as the primary cause of
death, divided by the population at risk.
Parasite prevalence (survey) the proportion of people

tested for malaria parasites in a survey (usually children aged
under 5 years) who have malaria parasites (programmes
in control phase only).
195
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strategic planning (WHO-CHOICE). Geneva: World
Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/choice/
costs/en/, accessed 1 November 2015).
29. G riffin JT, Ferguson NM, Ghani AC. Estimates
of the changing age-burden of Plasmodium
falciparum malaria disease in sub-Saharan Africa.
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30. World Health Organization. Nursing and midwifery
personnel: data by country. Geneva: World
Health Organization; 2015 (http://apps.who.int/
gho/data/node.main.HWF1?lang=en, accessed
26November 2015).
31. The World Bank. GNI per capita, PPP (current
international $).(http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/
NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD, accessed 1 November 2015).
32. World Health Organization. Antimalarial drug efficacy
maps. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://
www.who.int/malaria/areas/drug_resistance/maps/
en/, accessed 1 November 2015).
33. World Health Organization. Global technical strategy
for malaria 20162030. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/malaria/
areas/global_technical_strategy/en/, accessed
1November 2015).
34. Gething PW, Patil AP, Smith DL, Guerra CA, Elyazar
IR, Johnston GL, et al. A new world malaria map:
Plasmodium falciparum endemicity in 2010. Malar
J. 2011;10:378.
35. Gething PW, Elyazar IR, Moyes CL, Smith DL, Battle
KE, Guerra CA, et al. A long neglected world malaria
map: Plasmodium vivax endemicity in 2010. PLoS Negl
Trop Dis. 2012;6(9):e1814.
197
198
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
African
Togo
Swaziland
Cameroon
Central African
Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mayotte, France
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Sao Tome and
Principe
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
South Sudan2
Cabo Verde
Country/area
WHO region
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Y
Y
N
Y
Control
Control
Control
Control
Preelimination
Control
Y
Y
N
Y
Control
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Elimination
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
to all age
groups
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
for free
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ITNs/ LLINs
distributed
through
mass
campaigns
to all age
groups
Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
Elimination
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Preelimination
Control
Programme
phase
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
IRS is
recommended
by malaria
control
programme
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
DDT is
used for
IRS
Indoor residual spraying
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
NA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ACT policy
adopted
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Patients
of all ages
should get
diagnostic
test
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Malaria
diagnosis
is free of
charge in
the public
sector
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
RDTs
used at
community
level
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
-
Y
Y
N
N
-
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
-
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
-
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
-
N
N
N
N
Seasonal
malaria
chemoprevention
(SMC or
IPTc) is
used
Malaria in pregnancy
Primaquine
G6PD
Directly
IPTp used
PreSingle
is used for
test is
observed
to prevent
referral
dose of
radical
recomtreatment
malaria
treatment primaquine
is used as treatment
mended
with
during
with
gameof P. vivax
before
primaquine pregnancy
quinine or
tocidal
cases
treatment
is
artemether
medicine
with
undertaken
IM or
for
primaquine
artesunate
supposito- P.falciparum1
ries
Treatment
Annex 2A Recommended policies and strategies for malaria control, 2014
Country/area
Region of the
Americas
African
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Elimination
Control
Elimination
Control
Control
Control
Elimination
Prevention
of reintroduction
Elimination
Elimination
Prevention
of reintroduction
Elimination
Preelimination
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Preelimination
Control
Control
Elimination
Control
Control
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Control
Control
Control
Elimination
Preelimination
Preelimination
Preelimination
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
Control
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
to all age
groups
Control
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
for free

Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
-
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ITNs/ LLINs
distributed
through
mass
campaigns
to all age
groups
Control
Programme
phase
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Control
Republic of)
Mexico
French Guiana,
France
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
El Salvador
Ecuador
Dominican Republic
Bolivia (Plurinational
State of)
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Belize
Argentina
Uzbekistan
Tajikistan
Turkey
Kyrgyzstan
Uganda
United Republic of
Tanzania
Mainland
Zanzibar
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Eastern
Afghanistan
Mediterranean Djibouti
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Yemen
European
Azerbaijan
WHO region
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
IRS is
recommended
by malaria
control
programme
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
DDT is
used for
IRS
NA
NA
Y
Y
Y
NA
NA
Y
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Y
Y
NA
NA
NA
Y
NA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
NA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ACT policy
adopted
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Patients
of all ages
should get
diagnostic
test
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Malaria
diagnosis
is free of
charge in
the public
sector
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
-
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
RDTs
used at
community
level
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
-
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
N
N
NA
NA
NA
Y
Y
Y
Y
NA
N
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
N
N
NA
NA
NA
N
N
N
N
NA
N
Seasonal
malaria
chemoprevention
(SMC or
IPTc) is
used
Primaquine
G6PD
Directly
IPTp used
PreSingle
is used for
test is
observed
to prevent
referral
dose of
radical
recomtreatment
malaria
mended
with
during
with
gameof P. vivax
before
quinine or
tocidal
cases
treatment
is
artemether
medicine
with
undertaken
IM or
for
primaquine
artesunate
ries
Treatment
Annex 2A Recommended policies and strategies for malaria control, 2014
199
200
Programme
phase
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ITNs/ LLINs
distributed
through
mass
campaigns
to all age
groups
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
to all age
groups
ITNs/
LLINs are
distributed
for free
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
IRS is
recommended
by malaria
control
programme
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
DDT is
used for
IRS
Y
Y
NA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
NA
ACT policy
adopted
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Patients
of all ages
should get
diagnostic
test
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Malaria
diagnosis
is free of
charge in
the public
sector
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
RDTs
used at
community
level
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
-
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
-
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
NA
Y
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
N
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Seasonal
malaria
chemoprevention
(SMC or
IPTc) is
used
Primaquine
G6PD
Directly
IPTp used
PreSingle
is used for
test is
observed
to prevent
referral
dose of
radical
recomtreatment
malaria
mended
with
during
with
gameof P. vivax
before
quinine or
tocidal
cases
treatment
is
artemether
medicine
with
undertaken
IM or
for
primaquine
artesunate
ries
Treatment
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; DDT, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane; G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; IM, intramuscular; IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net;
LLIN, long-lasting insecticidal net; NMCP, National malaria control programme; RDT, rapid diagnostic test; SMC, seasonal malaria chemoprevention
(Y) = Actually implemented.
(N) = Not implemented.
(-) = Question not answered or not applicable.
1 Single dose of primaquine (0.75mg base/kg) for countries in the Region of the Americas
2 In May 2013 South Sudan was reassigned to the WHO African Region (WHA resolution 66.21, http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_R21-en.pdf)

Bhutan
Bangladesh
Country/area
Control
Preelimination
Democratic Peoples PreRepublic of Korea
elimination
India
Control
Indonesia
Control
Myanmar
Control
Nepal
Control
Prevention
Sri Lanka
of reintroduction
Thailand
Control
Timor-Leste
Control
Western Pacific Cambodia
Control
China
Elimination
Lao Peoples
Control
Democratic Republic
PreMalaysia
elimination
Papua New Guinea Control
Philippines
Control
Republic of Korea
Elimination
Solomon Islands
Control
Vanuatu
Control
Viet Nam
Control
South-East
Asia
WHO region
Annex 2A Recommended policies and strategies for malaria control, 2014 (continued)
201
202
Country/area
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cameroon
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mayotte, France
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
South Sudan1
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Mainland
Zanzibar
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Eastern Mediterranean Afghanistan
Djibouti
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Yemen
African
WHO region
AL
AL
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AL
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AL
CQ
AL
CQ
AS+SP
AS+SP
AS+SP
Uncomplicated
unconfirmed
AL
AL
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AL
AS+AQ
AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ
AL; AS+AQ
AL; QN+CL; QN+D
AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AL; AS+AQ
AL
AS+AQ
AL
AL
AS+SP+PQ
AL+PQ
AS+SP; AS+SP+PQ
AS+SP+PQ
AS+SP+PQ
AS+SP
AS+SP
AS+SP
Uncomplicated
confirmed
Annex 2B Antimalarial drug policy, 2014

Severe
AS; QN
AS; QN
QN
AS; QN
AS; QN
QN
AS
AS
AS
QN
QN
QN
AS
AS
QN
AS; AM; QN
AS; AM; QN
QN
AS; AM; QN
AS
AS;QN
AS; AM; QN
AS; AM; QN
QN
AS; QN
QN
QN
QN; AS; QN+AS; AS+D; QN+D
AS
QN
AS; QN
AS; AM; QN
AS; QN
QN
AS; QN
AS; AM; QN
QN
AM; AS; QN
AS
AS; AM; QN
AS
AS
AS
AS; QN
AS; AM; QN
QN
AM;AS;QN
QN
AS; QN+D
AS; QN
AS; AM; QN
AS; QN
AM; QN
AM; QN
P.falciparum
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
CQ+PG
SP(IPT)
CQ
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
CQ+PG
SP(IPT)
CQ+PG
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
-
Prevention during pregnancy
CQ
AS+AQ+PQ
CQ
CQ+PQ
AL
AL+PQ; CQ+PQ
AS+AQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(8w)
CQ+PQ (14 d)
CQ+PQ(14d & 8w)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
AL+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
Treatment
P.vivax
Country/area
AM; AS; QN
AM; AS; QN
AM; AS; QN
AS; QN
AS
QN+D
AM; AS; QN
AM; AS; QN
AM; AS; PYR
AS+AL
QN+T
AM; AS
QN+T; QN+D; QN+CL
AL; AS
AS
AS; QN
AS+SP+PQ
AS+AQ; DHA-PP+PQ
AL; AM; AS+MQ; DHA-PPQ; PQ
AL+PQ
AL+PQ
AS+MQ
AL
AS+MQ; DHA-PPQ+PQ
ART+NQ; ART-PPQ; AS+AQ; DHA-PPQ
AL
AS+MQ
AL
AL+PQ
AL
AL
DHA-PPQ
Severe
CQ
CQ
AL
CQ
AL
DHA-PPQ
P.falciparum
AS; QN
QN
AL; QN
QN
AM+CL; AS+CL; QN+CL
AS+AL
QN
CQ; QN
QN
QN
AS; AL
QN
AM
QN
QN
AL
QN
QN
AS
AS+MQ
AS
AM; QN
AM; QN
AM; QN
Uncomplicated
confirmed
AS+SP
AL
AL+PQ
CQ+PQ (1d)
AS+MQ+PQ
AL+PQ(1d); AS+MQ+PQ(1d)
AL
CQ+PQ(1d)
CQ+PQ(1d)
AL+PQ
CQ+PQ(1d)
AL
CQ+PQ(3d)
AL+PQ(1d)
CQ+PQ(1d)
CQ+PQ(1d)
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(1d)
AL+PQ(1d)
AL+PQ
AS+MQ
AL+PQ
AS+MQ+PQ
AL
AL
AS+SP
-
Uncomplicated
unconfirmed
AL=Artemether-lumefantrine AS=Artesunate D=Doxycycline PG=Proguanil QN=Quinine

AM=Artemether
AT= Atovaquone
DHA=Dihydroartemisinin PPQ=Piperaquine
SP=Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine
AQ=Amodiaquine
CL=Clindamycline MQ=Mefloquine PQ=Primaquine T=Tetracycline
ART=Artemisinin
CQ=Chloroquine NQ=Naphroquine PYR=Pyronaridine
Azerbaijan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkey
Uzbekistan
Region of the Americas Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
South-East Asia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic Peoples Republic of
Korea
India
Indonesia
Myanmar
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Western Pacific
Cambodia
China
Malaysia
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Republic of Korea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
European
WHO region
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
SP(IPT)
CQ
CQ(weekly)
-
Prevention during pregnancy
P.vivax
CQ+PQ(14d)
AS+AQ; DHA-PP+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
DHA-PPQ
CQ+PQ(8d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
AL+PQ
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
AL+PQ(14d)
AL+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(7d)
CQ+PQ(7d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(7d);CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(7d)
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
CQ+PQ(14d)
Treatment
Annex 2B Antimalarial drug policy, 2014
203
204
African
WHO Region
Gabon
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Equatorial Guinea
Democratic Republic of the

Congo
Cte dIvoire
Congo
Comoros
Chad
Cameroon
Cabo Verde
Burundi
Burkina Faso
Botswana
Benin
Angola
Algeria
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
7070600
25215799
-249158*
5848553
27645452
13105187
40321989
9399940
5963608
1018766
22752851
4774243
373386
892644
1632342
10878702
8613320
3836072
12276042
1991913
34674177
12587947
137122
3541013
1107319
1142527
735866
18895269
45346542
27496568
105080153
58206877
78117103
-307864*
-138121*
8229050
14460101
6797703
23762673
113143096
9890472
-275821*
-118*
-154828*
Global Fund
1
30750000
28548000
29000000
18500000
16653000
16500000
9000000
9421000
9500000
8000000
9229000
9500000
38000000
41869000
50000000
43000000
43773000
45000000
-
PMI/
USAID2
3
33200
0
1981243
4254781
0
8457772
11238171
-
The World Bank
Contributions reported by donors
281893
4751190
13731500
-
UK
4
98151555
05
1705134
574158195
640473485
27851717
1072280
980000
1082000
1921908
1947775
2142552
11380472
58920267
3126963
1279206
1134923
2001113
4812645
397920
253251
31786265
52468835
437090215
3714635
160000
5300005
74934005
91224005
2256215
137147
94797
69568155
0
72400005
2069259865
54723090
53942249
303835
7812690
8104841
26597915
25827475
0
19705028
226596
123200
Government
0
0
2135717
19286339
9011888
40580540
0
0
4834000
40645351
2433376
4382754
19481377
6027330
555169
64285
11655745
15293706
147856497
5342710
2852385
30125205
499000
1074877
4740367
0
74853096
33611939
64140129
86281277
102540781
0
11157713
15871769
4906745
42424919
85723876
93201479
0
-
Global Fund
Annex 3 Funding for malaria control, 20122014

0
0
0
0
697173
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13119140
13119140
73719913
2952042
0
0
0
0
-
The World
Bank
30750000
27200000
27000000
16100000
0
0
2698000
8552723
8571017
8000000
9260000
9229345
0
1123490
0
0
0
0
0
0
19678710
9839355
9839355
34930000
37001000
34000000
0
0
29370000
0
-
PMI/
USAID
0
0
0
16600
0
70804
1031803
2602730
0
0
5415537
74535
239735
0
0
0
0
336278
244000
45000
0
24838023
0
-
Other
bilaterals
Contributions reported by countries
33000
12000
660000
29500
37800
19048
94294
65000
79050
130448
19638
449000
904218
460000
20500
54574
20000
40000
104000
45000
45000
14466750
36338
6245966
520000
0
2100000
0
58832
0
111677
11276
34855
WHO
3555239
123571
0
0
14000
521760
136540
150502
453631
475936
1196800
118341
14718
219747
2000000
5596000
2667358
5576
51630
10000
24975817
29250235
5584965
1790452
7196262
0
0
0
-
UNICEF
0
0
0
1000000
250000
0
0
0
942955
379610
2602730
1277376
1324385
0
5415537
669000
0
673440
0
0
58500
0
3827
244000
12575325
35020370
0
5319581
4490030
0
0
15000000
-
Other
contributions6
African
WHO Region
Sierra Leone
Senegal
Rwanda
Nigeria
Niger
Namibia
Mozambique
Mayotte, France
Mauritania
Mali
Malawi
Madagascar
Liberia
Kenya
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Ghana
Gambia
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
5393233
9288845
4134951
24589072
67802357
14840935
20112537
4603535
9144353
268512
7320497
2340811
10881645
33311280
49541177
12187274
5882949
10405293
25540902
22647300
499317
2473270
9084196
7129260
13845815
10803020
-534600*
29682980
12626612
34642279
1243974
3608532
556809
490866
9305823
24009643
123123384
45365287
144939061
26012739
22881569
15427182
3699517
3306066
22520214
3662132
21674466
2991631
6214513
13788079
Global Fund1
32000000
28547000
28000000
10000000
12371000
12500000
36450000
34256000
35000000
12000000
12370000
12000000
27000000
26026000
26000000
24600000
24075000
22000000
27000000
25007000
25000000
30000000
29023000
29000000
60100000
73272000
75000000
18100000
18003000
17500000
0
0
0
24500000
24124000
24000000
-
PMI/
USAID2
3484590
1903200
1880060
2031197
25335000
27963280
62361
9455
-
The World Bank3
2982020
2006310
145948
17515900
22345400
264584
7739210
12752900
30852400
6097560
-
UK4
597812
726578
799091
7700154
8736726
8855177
50880
3015335
956833
0
1000005
2635294
1372093
1178804
05
2843065
11341797
95000
15286
23658
720000
1259872
1871915
1756941
170000
1130593
2328000
65800000
65800000
4186129
4500000
14811934
2996923
21159265
2668014
2859000
1740000
5541401
0
128502
107238
1108444
2139865
24800
12313955
26898
3074
Government
4107095
4919685
5934320
34668998
67804357
64952156
1705505
15603972
18177
701363
2952761
9353875
29089771
48916476
14243081
14026642
10399555
31371350
29994536
2524013
9720000
880267
8023075
0
18180392
26392018
0
2497243
37646902
926804
882630
2910095
225901
19000000
2494013
83083666
100362906
137920815
0
926494
1002778
1715622
21567732
4675836
11304875
11763088
13216219
13525631
Global Fund
0
27010000
27000000
4730000
10000000
10000000
12052476
0
0
0
35604651
32400000
32400000
12000000
12000000
12000000
28742000
27000000
2592000
21600000
23000000
19118000
5298930
25500000
25500000
0
29000000
29023096
0
0
38000
0
0
48502012
60462012
73771000
0
0
0
0
24500000
25302960
0
PMI/
USAID
119149
0
581
38817
825000
0
0
232558
23457627
25635413
500000
0
51000
369500
0
3240000
0
0
0
0
0
0
36736654
20157565
0
2000
1050830
1020102
6156320
Other
bilaterals
0
0
0
0
0
0
8790698
1127907
0
0
0
0
0
600000
0
0
0
10500000
11000000
3500000
0
0
0
60000
0
0
5492349
7040569
52220588
0
459294
0
0
1952807
-
The World
Bank
134306
16000
132833
200000
47050
32514
41060
105114
124135
73734
16869
832402
73333
44890
111315
299000
3369341
120000
150000
150000
52584
92000
11767
46000
250000
100000
0
100000
100000
16000
27000
70248
285968
934980
861615
0
47962
32512
125209
30117
12490
12491
430000
64000
50000
WHO
26229
150000
79490
0
7519
15736
36639
436945
218811
7231
337209
0
0
340647
0
875717
737588
254170
3092000
1437552
42583
42000
2668555
268993
0
0
816535
4000000
1249000
1000000
3000000
1000000
0
3000
0
0
443356
200000
9780
2812
7874921
17912
UNICEF
119149
100000
120814
7911545
6429
6773166
16581
0
0
13111111
23457627
500000
0
0
0
0
720000
0
0
0
0
0
0
44000
18908794
0
1022740
2000
1600
112855
2200067
Other
contributions6
Annex 3 Funding for malaria control, 20122014
205
206
Region of the
Americas
African
WHO Region
El Salvador
Ecuador
Dominican Republic
Costa Rica
Colombia
Brazil
Bolivia (Plurinational State

of)
Belize
Argentina
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Zanzibar
Mainland
United Republic of
Tanzania8
Uganda
Togo
Swaziland
South Sudan7
South Africa
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
26978048
8716372
14253512
1116084
1336085
1654211
276521
20510821
7413283
83091440
19511505
14223217
14721341
56328793
28943792
15167601
52221547
28943792
-446260*
4107246
9069648
29335147
21665148
9985457
10695816
3423745
2112710
1318174
-253838*
-228780*
3369591
6737839
2894197
1475716
1149536
514691
1690157
1110598
1002244
-
Global Fund1
6300000
6947000
6000000
33000000
33782000
34000000
49000000
46056000
46000000
25700000
24028000
24000000
14000000
15035000
15000000
-
PMI/
USAID2
0
10454000
4903770
0
0
0
0
-
The World Bank3
8955920
27083000
680702
8164570
7354400
4833820
19235700
-
UK4
24291216
13511860
17096911
05
685739
556245
678718
225535
5139088
80359635
553167
937500
6022000
1250
15152
407082
402975
185325
15462950
906000
706200
520000
1082700
10827005
10827005
2500005
2615005
2700005
11100975
11100975
613781945
732915095
722482865
228989875
231004985
114937085
53500005
48300005
20681415
19668125
18835035
20036205
18527405
36886505
28548445
-
Government
38496269
46437577
1458149
1715525
1203444
884398
4897544
83701649
20146401
24195015
18031872
140356602
145506422
0
2128631
2126000
12105399
19361732
24362218
19069239
7460006
7626664
0
0
0
0
0
10121
1909295
369153
0
0
5959287
4832745
3257687
0
0
129000
2323120
1158508
852947
150820
735047
983835
0
0
0
Global Fund
9600000
6900000
0
0
0
33000000
33781000
33000000
165480
37117700
450000
4123200
3485000
1525000
24000000
24000000
24000000
12000000
13000000
12000000
8832
14223
72000
0
56126
18700
47495
120000
120000
84974
0
0
0
0
3595
50000
0
-
PMI/
USAID
152277
68180
192057566
0
132445
0
0
39623353
0
0
0
138140
50000
1850000
3500000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
Other
bilaterals
0
0
17304
3418520
0
0
0
2281500
0
0
3612027
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
The World
Bank
2934000
2934000
0
20250
0
88490
1779
360000
500
500
130000
350
350
130000
204466
0
90060
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
45000
0
0
0
0
0
0
21930
0
0
0
0
56948
54340
WHO
842791
1000000
0
0
222460
1359595
0
0
0
138140
41153
0
50000
27318
20000
42000
42500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
UNICEF
254869
1300000
4108159
0
0
0
8747
0
4896045
0
2487550
0
138140
41153
7161185
0
6000000
2000
0
0
8833
14222
6761
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20776
23382
106598
0
98057
0
0
Other
contributions6
Eastern
Mediterranean
Region of the
Americas
Somalia
Saudi Arabia
Pakistan
Djibouti
Afghanistan
Republic of)
Suriname
Peru
Paraguay
Panama
Nicaragua
Mexico
Honduras
Haiti
Guyana
Guatemala
Country/area
WHO Region
12526779
17626010
8403364
44923
8256054
3180088
2665232
19030225
5849945
9003535
22059494
2266628
9672384
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
PMI/
USAID2
3154876
52000
0
-
1729231
0
0
0
0
0
-
The World Bank3
2821516
-2089393*
4388420
425717
379266
4516089
3902655
4531760
1288990
954631
967393
803339
2431682
1010094
355313
549463
158751
-
Global Fund1
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
UK4
10500005
9222400
5000000
6300000
25000005
29440000
29440000
30000000
63250
64515
67740
56376455
13859195
5426635
10759525
9048585
8004395
24332415
5926315
9717425
5433125
242853545
252567685
238270545
4392585
9803265
6319075
79195055
72204105
111171485
21154365
51456625
55745805
1251555145
4292855
14280005
1528055
16504985
7902925
8000005
10000005
Government
16651753
9083870
48527
5238195
0
2979260
15231843
8057177
10718906
0
11904217
15062018
9604810
10613985
0
0
0
2780074
3498024
3278171
799527
809474
451597
19317275
4011797
5257474
970940
1106404
792634
0
0
0
1747908
2075252
1214811
0
0
200000
0
0
0
0
0
0
355000
550000
479600
0
0
0
Global Fund
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10561
105373
92461
150000
297569
115708
64222
102864
58936
99330
113187
0
43163
37630
52976
27065
32136
77562
0
0
77438
56073
102871
0
156965
0
0
0
0
PMI/
USAID
200000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
400000
400541
-
Other
bilaterals
8413
0
0
0
The World
Bank
109068
113341
55782
121616
73000
60500
34000
154000
0
103400
138400
85000
116291
0
0
0
5260
0
0
20000
15899
130882
205000
169000
24413
16437
0
0
0
0
0
6001
0
0
17186
0
0
5635
0
5740
0
0
0
100000
100000
-
WHO
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
142000
200563
0
UNICEF
9200
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
745000
820000
0
6000
6046
0
0
0
5333
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
400000
0
-
Other
contributions6
Annex 3 Funding for malaria control, 20122014 (continued)
207
208
South-East Asia
European
Eastern
Mediterranean
WHO Region
China
Cambodia
Timor-Leste
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Myanmar
Indonesia
India
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Uzbekistan
Turkey
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
Azerbaijan
Yemen
Sudan
Country/area
51832249
35680104
16053353
9824756
5973123
2017535
587129
554196
-35242*
496411
580063
376878
2240695
1308106
1032277
0
442231
544742
2346342
16404817
4395406
440259
405271
239889
3228671
2706329
6704605
11457066
7174057
4481942
18763721
31045276
11488128
19766042
15032712
18254744
6182591
4922108
1813110
2618112
3877889
2318045
7152654
11325529
16524453
5040394
2604409
1527841
1441288
12111758
17983122
12839868
1856499
-1738247*
2012
Global Fund1
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
0
0
0
0
6566000
8000000
0
0
0
0
3997000
4500000
-
PMI/
USAID2
15798300
5377070
-
The World Bank3
297389
2344460
11283400
-
UK4
26724830
27316109
1136850
22935535
8480
5000968
4827461
2446419
70000
65000
72300
4167535
633740
773000
22927000
1208161
1480992
1872954
4761717
4134615
5586290
213595
1882000
1895000
1957000
47240020
51336600
43802468
143603365
152884025
161081945
1000000
1028807
726465
1910485
572945
601528
708377
7098780
5893255
7546409
2687572
2981432
3427795
3484029
714343
16812725
20843118
26709969
Government
34938594
35883294
8908540
6256730
2110776
462920
432570
0
850061
434351
511055
2068376
1714393
1057879
0
0
0
448627
288060
265139
7505444
8033087
8912484
292324
6568434
2706329
1571206
7863868
4811540
16129032
11072851
34580791
15913410
10513382
14863117
42620577
2960440
3110685
1442758
1382732
1433109
16246556
9937671
20175612
5375143
4372545
3482955
22685407
13240888
2917174
33697258
0
0
38398132
Global Fund
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
5500000
5400000
6565881
278311
345667
0
456796
3996624
4500000
0
-
PMI/
USAID
258495
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1757475
451400
0
80000
640741
0
0
0
-
Other
bilaterals
439490
0
0
0
16696978
4299233
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
The World
Bank
475893
446160
200000
465713
35000
35000
35000
0
25000
25000
20000
35000
75000
0
0
0
0
0
20000
98000
399189
27898
5000
25000
98000
51141
400000
400000
142500
142500
25000
46500
46500
46500
7400
10000
104979
139166
0
25000
65012
201718
431792
334029
0
0
641921
WHO
140000
0
0
0
471362
3525000
3490400
948890
1000000
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
494000
UNICEF
5807093
1986444
1674350
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
146759
0
0
0
0
0
0
870441
5561917
79772
70833
0
0
120000
0
0
0
1680907
Other
contributions6
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands
Republic of Korea
Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Malaysia
Lao Peoples Democratic

Republic
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
6394183
3256001
2322590
22934883
22970152
10970461
4271657
4806916
6932455
4059889
4249171
3777902
Global Fund1
PMI/
USAID2
-
406198
695423
0
0
0
1003840
-2733*
-
The World Bank3

UK4
-
1361672
1122915
247375
44424578
39845997
57535038
5842905
388000
377000
39395195
5235686
5861758
681674
519102
556200
269486
270180
260505
8123775
8123775
8123775
4615385
4523810
2666667
Government
3745346
4038937
2475938
0
25311547
695052
7224199
8612874
7395343
0
0
0
1696290
1305840
1362022
2446418
1162890
1310500
3961323
5254143
15263816
Global Fund
The World
Bank
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
271773
120132
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PMI/
USAID
620000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1987523
1820735
0
1692091
1064592
0
0
0
Other
bilaterals
20000
20000
113000
0
0
0
315326
0
0
0
0
706000
852472
654985
287615
287615
287615
493802
410000
640700
WHO
UNICEF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2500
0
43620
0
0
0
0
22220
0
0
0
0
5432362
674896
0
1178215
0
0
0
0
0
Other
contributions6
PMI, United States Presidents Malaria Initiative; UK, Funding from the United Kingdom government; UNICEF, United Nations Childrens Fund; USAID, United States Agency for International Development
1 Source: The Global Fund
2Source: www.foreignassistance.gov
3 Source: OECD Database
4 Source: OECD Database
5 Budget not expenditure
6 Other contributions as reported by countries: NGOs, foundations, etc.
7 South Sudan became an independent State on 9 July 2011 and a Member State of WHO on 27 September 2011. South Sudan and Sudan have distinct epidemiological profiles comprising high transmission and low transmission areas respectively. For this reason data up to
June 2011 from the high transmission areas of Sudan (10 southern states which correspond to South Sudan) and low transmission areas (15 northern states which correspond to contemporary Sudan) are reported separately.
8 Where national totals for the United Republic of Tanzania are unavailable, refer to the sum of Mainland and Zanzibar
* Negative disbursements reflect recovery of funds on behalf of the financing organization.
Western Pacific
WHO Region
Annex 3 Funding for malaria control, 20122014 (continued)
209
210
African
WHO region
Gabon
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Equatorial Guinea

Congo
Cte d'Ivoire
Congo
Comoros
Chad
Cameroon
Cabo Verde
Burundi
Burkina Faso
Botswana
Benin
Angola
Algeria
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
21666
10000
1821267
12627282
18644449
7947747
13918109
4431
8397
10010
83943
86597
0
6260000
11709780
13388552
230043
6321676
666
377252
13576
1203982
14005
180595
30000
150000
555334
264432
9959820
307243
703699
731981
5752583
0
0
0
217600
0
0
0
477044
1182519
2978937
708643
584285
6203924
52500
0
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
0
0
0
477044
1182519
2978937
708643
584285
6203924
52500
0
0
264432
9959820
307243
703699
731981
5752583
0
0
0
217600
0
0
30000
150000
555334
0
230043
6321676
666
377252
13576
1203982
14005
180595
0
1821267
12627282
18644449
7947747
13918109
4431
8397
10010
83943
86597
0
6260000
11709780
13388552
0
21666
10000
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
31
26
34
100
100
100
19
8
6
86
100
100
84
74
100
71
68
2
38
7
28
55
52
88
66
93
92
72
71
56
71
83
100
84
96
97
2
4
5
43
42
6
70
62
86
2
3
% ITN coverage
59
65
84
64
58
71
18
20
62
49
36
33
35
62
54
57
69
47
55
80
48
40
28
36
15
54
48
49
48
24
18
31
46
38
38
49
51
58
28
21
15
26
31
41
44
20
46
35
36
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
0
1
3
2
0
7
7
7
12
12
14
1
0
0
1
0
0
100
100
19
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
16
20
6
6
6
25
36
25
0
-
31150
22475
0
0
0
187386
185252
194566
148092
129000
165944
298734
275857
320881
15468785
23150388
16709249
0
-
% IRS coverage
13000
17407
676090
419353
58370
694729
694729
789883
163647
176887
205831
115638
0
0
59300
0
0
282265
298475
25780
0
0
0
0
0
No. of people
protected by
IRS
219793
182911
216195
9000000
9164641
5321471
984423
2358567
11693982
7112841
19008927
40199
40911
814449
1038000
60868
4750
202402
0
0
420000
522270
420000
522270
814449
1038000
60868
4750
202402
6888647
2358567
11693982
14941450
19008927
40199
40911
14577
219793
182911
216195
9000000
12800000
7321471
984423
0
0
92
3747190
2814900
1101154
4606
3953
5720987
5797938
7494498
2183228
3836437
4263178
3960
3144
41
760375
497022
1270172
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
887
603
266
3747190
2814900
1101154
4606
3953
5720987
5797938
7494498
2183228
3836437
4772805
6960
4824
46
762338
1048811
1270172
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
65
87
87
100
100
100
100
100
96
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
95
37
48
59
58
95
100
100
100
9
25
0
0
100
76
100
100
100
45
38
7
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
0
0
39
100
100
100
100
100
96
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
85
36
23
59
58
95
100
100
100
9
25
0
0
76
100
100
100
45
38
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% ACT
coverage2
Annex 4 Intervention coverage estimated from routinely collected data, 20122014
African
WHO region
Sierra Leone
Senegal
Rwanda
Nigeria
Niger
Namibia
Mozambique
Mayotte, France
Mauritania
Mali
Malawi
Madagascar
Liberia
Kenya
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Ghana
Gambia
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
0
0
3939740
6947498
60091
6742108
636318
1423507
1935348
636465
3790403
13000
105000
178922
40988
39400
5252
2669244
3315727
6112245
93900
104249
163526
541550
409400
2048430
14448634
8559372
23328225
1675233
5249761
1373582
105312
14596
11385
267482
3902145
3785595
139391
441859
3846204
275042
138149
1046510
7874094
1926300
5190887
90188
5268245
73145
73819
116268
1109568
4226261
1641982
5450064
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
275042
138149
1046510
7874094
1926300
5190887
90188
5268245
73145
73819
116268
1109568
4226261
1641982
5450064
0
0
0
3939740
6947498
60091
6742108
636318
1423507
1935348
636465
3790403
13000
105000
178922
40988
39400
5252
2669244
3315727
6112245
93900
104249
163526
541550
409400
2048430
14448634
8559372
23328225
1675233
5249761
1373582
105312
14596
11385
267482
3902145
3785595
139391
441859
3846204
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
100
100
100
92
96
100
3
81
80
33
37
100
61
61
45
74
35
76
89
84
100
94
95
80
73
67
49
12
13
100
100
100
52
63
80
27
28
34
20
15
30
55
43
47
100
100
100
100
100
100
44
84
98
100
18
100
% ITN coverage
81
82
82
62
79
77
27
43
73
69
76
82
78
77
73
44
38
56
52
62
81
49
77
67
63
51
60
9
8
9
49
55
69
70
65
35
27
40
36
38
48
52
57
62
52
53
48
53
76
24
32
60
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
27
43
18
8
11
8
6
0
0
23
9
0
7
7
12
5
5
5
9
1
1
7
36
21
31
32
25
1
0
0
1
0
0
10
14
11
82
84
67
8
5
5
16
0
0
1873056
758021
826386
836568
4339
381
450
1789110
9647202
5597770
559305
598901
467930
192761
0
0
2415540
132211
316255
1080889
1562411
1243704
146773
153514
124692
1095093
690090
708999
986898
0
0
% IRS coverage
484086
800290
350442
2117240
2936037
2154924
2435836
0
0
960000
367930
0
1597374
1579521
No. of people
protected by
IRS
484901
468767
319182
4170828
8330784
14267045
802110
1402400
644829
171540
12000000
7000000
10614717
5064014
443900
96787
2026100
266000
467854
6956821
7601460
8735160
3842790
3080130
2211118
56015
176192
5106570
13477650
15976059
22313
87520
3500243
6556070
5731036
12877360
32568349
22145889
611482
1204913
1917021
10703
8752
1456
713344
976840
703712
2004308
2201370
1391273
56015
176192
5106570
13477650
15976059
22313
90377
3500243
6556070
5731036
12877360
32568349
22145889
619786
1204913
1917021
10703
8752
1456
713344
976840
703712
2004308
2201370
1391273
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
484901
468767
319182
4170828
8330784
14267045
902516
370771
1312802
171540
12000000
8300000
10839611
6507544
1332055
100535
2026100
266000
467854
6956821
7601460
8735160
3842790
3080130
2211118
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
83
100
100
90
100
100
28
11
77
59
100
100
100
100
100
14
100
33
95
100
100
100
97
72
51
92
100
100
100
100
67
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
36
92
100
100
100
100
85
82
72
100
100
96
100
100
85
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
83
100
100
90
100
100
24
43
38
100
100
100
100
100
63
13
100
33
95
100
100
100
97
72
51
92
100
100
100
100
67
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
36
92
100
100
100
100
85
82
72
100
100
96
100
100
85
% ACT
coverage2
Annex 4 Intervention coverage estimated from routinely collected data, 20122014
211
212
European
African
WHO region
Azerbaijan
Yemen
Sudan
Somalia
Saudi Arabia
Pakistan
Djibouti
Afghanistan
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Zanzibar
Mainland
Uganda
Togo
Swaziland
South Sudan3
South Africa
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
243728
169084
70360
439181
2238300
1519947
767000
750000
1450000
455000
525000
413000
782901
5803319
4432714
1209215
1405837
375899
10000
0
0
2688575
3362588
6368026
457000
2010000
1743542
37551
359622
4325552
26400
25700
40612
0
5399
329999
468575
4042425
1000747
13219306
10615631
2208293
2547391
510000
1535867
2489536
510000
672426
57855
0
0
0
1036109
3144818
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
0
0
0
1036109
3144818
0
40612
0
5399
329999
468575
4042425
1000747
13219306
10615631
2208293
2547391
510000
1535867
2489536
510000
672426
57855
0
2688575
3362588
6368026
457000
2010000
1743542
37551
359622
4325552
26400
25700
0
243728
169084
70360
439181
2238300
1519947
767000
750000
1450000
455000
525000
413000
782901
5803319
4432714
1209215
1405837
375899
10000
0
0
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
59
72
63
83
45
23
83
87
100
46
73
100
94
68
16
96
96
90
89
100
100
26
38
63
35
29
36
23
22
21
98
100
100
0
3
4
72
100
100
14
21
24
14
35
50
16
24
26
25
16
8
% ITN coverage
37
43
61
71
75
69
73
72
59
70
38
47
75
65
44
27
65
44
27
77
81
87
39
60
88
29
26
23
15
23
26
34
40
54
-
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
204224
281203
289249
4584426
1161825
1103480
2210000
1736400
752851
240558
90060
61362
2945746
3902712
3942110
1886500
2204429
2188436
211500
209004
187261
0
0
3971
0
0
0
2543983
2581839
3219122
6518120
3537097
2000000
255930
224900
4250000
1063460
5538574
3106659
3106659
3460871
0
0
0
0
0
5000000
2318129
5650177
170440
332968
No. of people
protected by
IRS
26
36
36
3
1
1
94
72
30
2
1
1
8
10
10
10
11
11
98
96
85
95
43
100
2
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
7
7
9
14
7
4
19
16
29
7
35
27
26
29
0
0
0
0
0
% IRS coverage
11135
21625
8920
11135
21625
8920
3100
3400
8830
596600
590840
162880
1283
974
1155
9268
292000
155450
2462470
2077204
3823175
166500
303847
215486
1
4
2
10175160
10128060
20377410
19937820
47100
5075
4289743
15926301
13000845
1236958
815260
960455
10175160
10128060
20377410
19937820
47100
5075
4289743
15926301
13000845
1236958
815260
960455
5670
6230
8830
2280000
2150000
907200
1283
974
1155
18868
292000
155450
2478038
2630400
3823175
179000
303847
215486
4
4
2
3897
5444
14036
4333150
3125448
197
307
558
914218
802904
1208529
23864320
24375450
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
3897
8272
14036
4333150
3125448
200
356
588
812911
964927
1134604
23864320
24375450
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
57
61
88
100
100
27
24
79
91
100
62
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
57
40
88
100
100
27
21
75
100
97
66
100
100
100
100
100
100
87
9
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% ACT
coverage2
European
WHO region
Mexico
Honduras
Haiti
Guyana
Guatemala
El Salvador
Ecuador
Dominican Republic
Costa Rica
Colombia
Brazil
Belize
Argentina
Uzbekistan
Turkey
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
0
10000
0
13969
2880
2990
618803
282788
49905
16800
27921
152996
2987653
0
0
30630
66920
25118
52766
4500
7500
35000
35000
35000
100000
100000
50000
0
0
0
20000
0
0
3000
2324
2452
24526
20965
23580
361241
147736
229947
313398
146196
169500
3000
7000
0
62095
54139
6733
13502
20337
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
35000
35000
35000
100000
100000
50000
0
0
0
20000
0
0
0
0
0
3000
2324
2452
24526
20965
23580
361241
147736
229947
313398
146196
169500
3000
7000
0
62095
54139
6733
13502
20337
0
0
10000
0
13969
2880
2990
618803
282788
49905
16800
27921
152996
2987653
0
0
30630
66920
25118
52766
4500
7500
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
1
1
10
12
14
10
13
14
11
15
50
52
52
51
2
4
4
16
2
3
100
100
100
17
21
16
100
100
100
2
4
6
4
3
3
2
2
3
11
12
11
1
2
1
8
7
4
2
1
1
% ITN coverage
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
1
1
1
3
1
5
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
1
0
0
3
6
4
0
0
0
2
2
2
1
1
1
369103
324477
287150
359100
154000
519333
22000
13560
0
61557
49510
6066
83357
94321
16905
15076
6424
16625
16932
65390
37450
1700
20700
41000
25592
0
0
0
104495
121121
116490
42985
49401
47775
100
100
100
19
16
14
0
12
12
100
100
100
13
12
0
9
9
9
1
1
% IRS coverage
146466
100633
115680
503156
437436
387010
50
2120
2120
375605
328020
372967
26712
24636
300
20052
21413
21413
28000
30280
No. of people
protected by
IRS
905010
452990
334740
171342
68879
86228
50
20
6
947
579
496
4720
378
124753
10865
8
7966
31601
31479
12354
141094
107029
37827
45926
37248
54466
2
2974
4592
3
4
31
1
600
400
350
1
3
1
50
50
37
26
19
7400
7342
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
1
2
8
2
4
6
141410
122290
59690
50398
48285
32489
0
0
3
5
4
7
548
161
0
0
0
0
20291
13655
12354
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
235
350
300
1
3
1
1
0
0
350
959
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
65
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
81
100
100
100
65
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
100
100
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
65
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
100
1
1
1
100
100
0
100
100
0
87
51
100
0
0
0
0
1
100
100
100
% ACT
coverage2
Annex 4 Intervention coverage estimated from routinely collected data, 20122014 (continued)
213
214
Western Pacific
South-East Asia
WHO region
China
Cambodia
Timor-Leste
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Myanmar
Indonesia
India
Democratic Peoples Republic

of Korea
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic

of)
Suriname
Peru
Paraguay
Panama
Nicaragua
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
4892
0
515
467
2666
85976
717000
786764
10000
93726
80609
332000
0
0
0
0
0
844737
913135
6416947
2964812
2812517
917666
499166
1395865
1064518
637250
0
0
264806
783896
631596
25148
253037
99572
2177808
5418
372789
257935
58874
19899
18350
17100
83279
0
0
0
0
0
0
9900
4600
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
18350
17100
83279
0
0
0
0
0
0
9900
4600
0
0
4892
0
515
467
2666
20052
612000
728773
10000
93726
80609
332000
0
0
0
0
0
844737
913135
6416947
1042244
1508557
904613
499166
1395865
1064518
637250
0
0
139000
670000
528850
25148
253037
99572
2177808
5418
70411
0
0
19899
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
65924
105000
57991
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1922568
1303960
13053
0
0
0
0
0
0
125806
113896
102746
0
0
0
0
0
302378
257935
58874
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
17
13
22
22
25
20
26
38
39
31
24
24
4
6
8
39
54
65
63
58
42
0
0
0
3
3
7
0
0
0
32
12
10
0
0
0
23
25
15
39
36
59
11
6
5
1
1
% ITN coverage
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
3
4
2
12
10
6
17
8
5
1
0
1
0
0
0
65
77
73
0
0
0
26
6
26
15
22
21
4
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
2
1
0
1
0
1
16
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
48626
443229
345000
372000
75354
50666
50
451730
106374
362469
159743
0
110707
0
0
0
1096877
447639
504936
% IRS coverage
87446
126403
54834
21071
17055
11422
40126
19425
12809
108629
43617
69155
0
0
0
3637795
4369755
4189850
0
0
0
141322
32824
144669
1835016
2651612
2617120
49942758
45854424
45150612
257915
253815
103285
56414
No. of people
protected by
IRS
27659
32005
71040
42390
58770
35
518
118
0
0
0
3147400
147000
211500
341697
300008
212165
546060
371663
281103
53252
325
195
48
43
23
3348
15069
19314
2923
3131
330
422024
117547
114159
3919
9350
120979
94810
42390
75479
82
518
118
23537
15673
11212
30523925
147000
211500
341697
300008
212346
546060
371663
281103
669152
38113
24500
70
95
49
3348
15069
19314
5211
23667
3432
422024
117547
118483
4127
43150
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
7
6504
300
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
218419
49256
68878
920
705
874
15
11
8
42670
800
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
100
100
100
100
94
86
100
100
100
64
100
100
100
100
100
95
100
100
100
100
100
100
17
19
13
13
11
74
79
100
100
93
17
61
80
100
10
36
51
85
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
100
61
74
95
100
100
100
100
98
100
100
100
100
100
32
29
24
24
19
100
100
100
100
7
1
100
100
100
26
83
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% ACT
coverage2
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands
Republic of Korea
Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Malaysia
Lao Peoples Democratic

Republic
Country/area
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
2012
2013
2014
Year
54056
439677
276655
220703
317943
622673
1062508
1625831
1613140
783463
715125
996180
0
0
5250
31781
371124
47258
35863
94232
42916
968413
0
526366
No. of ITN +
LLIN sold or
delivered
54056
439677
276655
220703
317943
622673
1062508
1625831
1613140
783463
715125
996180
0
0
5250
31781
371124
47258
35863
94232
42916
0
0
526366
No. of LLIN sold

or delivered
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
968413
0
0
No. of ITN sold

or delivered
34
22
22
100
100
100
78
94
100
16
14
8
1
1
0
100
100
100
100
100
100
14
9
5
% ITN coverage
Modelled %
of population
with access to
an ITN
ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; IRS, indoor residual spraying; ITN, insecticide-treated mosquito net; LLIN, long-lasting insecticidal net
1 Based on presumed and confirmed cases adjusting for reporting completeness and any first-line treatment courses distributed as proxy indicator for treated cases
2 Based on presumed and confirmed cases adjusting for reporting completeness and % of P.falciparum using ACTs distributed as proxy indicator for treated cases
Western Pacific
WHO region
0
0
0
42
58
51
0
3
2
2
24
18
23
4
1
0
2
2
1
0
1541860
1108220
1175136
131752
98971
128673
9705
3033
0
1364815
1310820
616670
% IRS coverage
1856
13113
4691
489988
682288
615384
No. of people
protected by
IRS
104400
58470
50092
4725
3850
3923
886560
915330
802080
13469
24771
30095
555
443
638
190255
146439
147430
52010
24000
24000
266351
218389
194397
Any first-line
treatment
courses
delivered
(including ACT)
104400
58470
50092
2088
2873
3182
886560
915330
802080
13469
24771
30095
190255
146439
147430
52010
24000
24000
192400
141570
106100
ACT treatment
courses
delivered
100
100
100
100
100
100
89
100
100
100
100
100
65
65
65
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% Any
antimalarial
coverage1
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
% ACT
coverage2
Annex 4 Intervention coverage estimated from routinely collected data, 20122014 (continued)
215
216
Benin
Burundi
Comoros
Congo
Cte d'Ivoire
Congo
African
ACT = artemisinin-based combination therapy

ANC = antenatal care
DHS = demographic and health survey
MICS = multiple indicator cluster survey
MIS = malaria indicator survey
HH = households
IPT = intermittent preventive treatment
IPTp = intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy
IRS = indoor residual spraying
ITN = insecticide-treated mosquito net
Sierra Leone
Togo
Zambia
Region of the Americas Haiti
Honduras
Eastern Mediterranean Sudan
South-East Asia
Indonesia
Western Pacific
Cambodia
China
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Senegal
Country/area
WHO region
33
67
36
55
91
19
51
-
DHS 2013
DHS 2014
DHS 2012
DHS 2013
DHS 2014
DHS 2012
DHS 2013
DHS 2013
MIS 2012
DHS 2013
DHS 2013
DHS 2012
DHS 2013
DHS 2013
DHS 2013
DHS 2014
DHS 2013
DHS 2014
DHS 2012
DHS 2014
DHS 2012
DHS 2012
DHS 2012
DHS 2012
DHS 2014
DHS 2012
% of HH
that have
at least one
ITN
DHS 2012
DHS 2013
DHS 2012
DHS 2012
DHS 2012
Source
24
14
19
44
9
20
28
18
38
12
22
41
27
34
14
32
52
24
5
30
24
43
23
23
9
30
% of HH
with
enough
ITNs for
individuals
who slept
in the
house the
previous
night
47
27
45
59
25
37
48
37
65
18
36
66
57
58
38
49
74
47
11
31
49
47
64
46
41
23
49
% of
population
with access
to an ITN
in their
household
85
87
77
50
68
71
85
91
90
23
35
75
66
63
93
61
77
65
64
62
49
26
36
35
19
31
54
40
58
4
13
60
39
39
41
33
65
34
7
14
32
49
62
47
37
25
32
89
83
93
90
62
85
% of the
population
who slept
under an
ITN the
previous
night
% of
existing
ITNs in HH
used the
previous
night
Annex 5 Household surveys, 20122014
39
56
70
12
16
-
31
37
% of the
children <5
years who
slept under
an ITN the
previous
night
59
28
46
43
28
36
61
51
73
4
16
74
43
38
52
40
74
41
8
40
59
74
55
44
26
40
% of
pregnant
women
who slept
under an
ITN the
previous
night
6
32
12
2
13
30
9
6
17
2
12
13
10
5
15
31
2
2
7
6
6
2
20
43
51
11
30
25
42
26
23
41
61
48
7
-
47
28
31
% of HH
% of HH
sprayed by with = 1 ITN
IRS within
for 2 pers.
last 12
and/or
months
sprayed by
IRS within
last 12
months
8
5
12
9
17
4
9
21
3
9
10
5
17
9
6
4
1
3
12
7
4
12
% of
children
aged 659
months
with a
hemoglobin
measurement <8g/
dL
23
1
44
28
53
1
38
4
-
29
17
% of
children
aged 659
months
with a
positive
microscopy blood
smear
59
71
66
80
54
80
59
49
66
64
78
59
61
79
77
49
64
89
-
59
55
67
67
18
37
31
78
5
43
41
91
17
46
79
18
93
18
10
77
48
61
90
27
63
-
19
32
69
14
40
18
% children
% of
<5 years
children
with fever
<5 years
in last 2
with fever
weeks
in last 2
for whom weeks who
advice or received an
treatment ACT among
was sought those who
received
any
antimalarial
19
15
37
34
9
42
13
36
12
22
14
11
30
11
40
24
25
49
12
14
11
19
17
48
29
29
11
% of
children
<5 years
with fever
in the last
2 weeks
who had
a finger or
heel stick
6
2
6
40
12
18
13
13
3
9
7
3
24
5
50
-
11
12
18
8
% of women
who
received
at least 3
doses of
IPT during
ANC visits
during
their last
pregnancy
Annex 5 Household surveys, 20122014
217
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cameroon
Central
African
Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Democratic
Republic of
the Congo
Equatorial
Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
GuineaBissau
Kenya
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mayotte,
France
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Sao Tome
and Principe
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
South Sudan1
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
UN population
72630719
820885
3628415
26372775
1687673
1928201
26786598
12275527
1800513
31491950
4396554
20688516
16695253
15377420
2778737
N/A
27216276
1109185
10130276
135552389
11341544
186342
74877030
820885
5110444
65931937
1687673
1928201
26786598
12275527
1800513
44863583
4396554
23571713
16695253
17086022
3969625
N/A
27216276
1907259
17966904
177475986
11341544
186342
14672557
6315627
5396905
11911184
355351
7115163
37782971
820885
5110444
96958732
1687673
1928201
26786598
12275527
1800513
44863583
4396554
23571713
16695253
17086022
3969625
228070
27216276
2402858
19113728
177475986
11341544
186342
14672557
6315627
53969054
11911184
1269112
7115163
37782971
14085655
6315627
2158762
11911184
0
7115163
37782971
9151544
366364
4504962
22157107
74877030
4804316
4804316
13438336
769991
4504962
22157107
4804316
N/A
24227524
10598482
93513
17589198
10816860
N/A
16168840
At risk
(low + high)
N/A
24227524
10598482
1471781
17589198
10816860
N/A
22773014
At risk
(high)
13587053
769991
4504962
22157107
38934334
24227524
10598482
2219937
17589198
10816860
513906
22773014
Suspected malaria
cases
Number of people
living in active foci
625301
57129
14647380
1737195
103545
290346
6418571
309939
98952
35725
2513863
185996
166229
8453557
1595828
20417
9968983
1513772
2465
248159
4658774
495238
266
3180021
1509221
1485
8280183
4831758
46
1369518
Presumed and
confirmed malaria
cases
15
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
15
1754
5 485 327
15914
3222613
16512127
1610812
1079536
628642
2647375 1898852
543196
13988
711
711
1756700
1130251
19201136 13724345
91445
N/A 12 626 716

N/A
186972
N/A 7014724
N/A 19555575
N/A 4178206
59136
N/A 15142723 9655905

N/A 2433086 1066107
N/A
977228
433101
N/A 7703651 5065703
N/A 2590643 2590643
N/A
188194
156529
N/A
N/A
121755
N/A 7457765
N/A
256183
N/A
603424
N/A 10636057
N/A 1595828
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
8690
N/A 6134471
N/A 1955773
N/A
1485
N/A 9274530
N/A 7622162
482533
6894
N/A 3709906
Mic. slides/ RDTs

performed
Malaria
case definition
425151
1137455
103283
108510
5472628
57129
8295749
2231183
909366
5543258
47500
304418
116798
7062717
102087
603424
5598412
116767
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
716518
2122999
540913
1756700
9108730
91445
P+C 12240045
P+C
186972
P+C 5745420
P+C 10870402
P+C 4178206
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C 14647380
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
P+C
8690
P+C 5253429
P+C 1490787
P+C
P+C 6423002
P+C 7375677
P+C
6894
P+C 2340388
Mic. slides/ RDTs

positive
13
2808931
864204
2905310
-
23953
1250110
26117
99976
3415912
660207
17452
2203
66323
-
295088
203
1346
46
-
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P.falciparum
(incl. mixed cases)
265624
1374476
11705
711
1130251
3631939
1754
265624
1374476
11563
710
1130234
3631939
1754
7117648
7117648
15914
15914
1953309 3906588
7826954
1610812
1623176
15
2808931
864204
365239
2905310
2039853
15835
93431
30768
2118815
31900
166229
3415912
660207
20417
9968983
914032
2203
66323
3712831
295088
266
2298979
1044235
1346
5428655
4585273
46
-
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P. vivax
1
-
6780
868705
-
50
-
Imported cases /
(introduced cases)
322
-
14
260
20
-
Presumed and
confirmed cases at
community level
110441
454840
0
394088
0
279878
0
71343
109313
17406
1243301
184340
-
19766
0
2027
112445
94681
319536
0
0
-
434110
579112
155630
0
RDT positive cases

at community level
51642
97908
0
394088
0
289527
0
57180
109092
17020
13523
181103
-
19766
0
2027
0
67799
319536
0
0
55015
86323
141026
0
12636
18556
4928
104
33546
621737
417
93885
1474
193357
929026
11138
20988
28300
9180
88251
64587
13161
13146
3846
32761
28017
5610
429940
112432
990968
47705
1049
25454
68262
31304
0
238855
90545
152
463774
153468
46
471209
Inpatient malaria
cases
Inpatient malaria
cases
and deaths
500
2848
174
4
1205
5921
3245
61
2691
6082
496
472
2288
551
4490
2309
19
357
15
213
159
170
2200
1067
25502
1720
0
271
2069
635
0
5714
1869
22
5632
2974
2
4398
Malaria attributed
deaths
Reported malaria cases
Method
used
to
calulate3
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
Cases
Population
(2)
(2)
(1a)
(2)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(1a)
(2)
(1a)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(1a)
(2)
Deaths
Country/
area
Lower
1900000
124000
820000
8300000
1500000
3300000
180000
1200000
11000000
2400000
<50
3400000 5100000
3100000 4000000
1000
2100
7100000 10000000
1400000 2000000
<50
5200000 7500000
6500000
1600000
1200000
3500000
7300000
72000
197000
74000
3800000
350000
440000
8300000
4800000
168000
11000000
2100000
2100000
4500000
8800000
120000
370000
120000
7900000
630000
560000
11000000
6000000
290000
1100000
1700000
14000
880000
450
2100000
4400000
12000
25000
1800000 2800000
2500000 3400000
19000
24000
1800000 2900000
620
890
2600000 3100000
8100000 12000000
17000
7200000 9300000 12000000

6800
8900
11000
2700000 4900000 7900000
42000000 59000000 78000000
1100000 1300000 1700000
3800000
1100000
750000
2700000
5900000
40000
70000
42000
790000
110000
330000
5800000
3800000
68000
Lower
650
5700
120
1500
3100
5300
9400
7300
81000
400
2500
1200
87
2500
15000
240
160
10
240
96
120
5900
7400
160
33000
3300
10
300
12000
2700
8900
4400
12000
1700
5200
Estimates, 2013
16000000 21000000 26000000
710000
82000
500000
6400000
870000
2000000
2300000
530
4700000
990000
3400000
Cases
Point
WHO
region
Upper
Annex 6A Reported malaria cases and deaths, 2014
African
Deaths
12000
2900
7400
11000
25000
1500
990
270
19000
510
930
18000
13000
440
72000
11000
660
2300
20000
4900
20000
8200
32000
5600
14000
Upper
4200
7800
120
2900
<10
4700
12500
<100
6200
11000
120
7200
5900
17000
16500 21000
<50
12000 17000
119000 150000
3000
4600
9900
2200
3200
7800
20000
1100
680
130
6700
370
600
14500
10700
340
50000
7800
310
1600
16000
3800
0
13900
6200
<10
17000
3200
0
9400
Point
218
United
Republic of
Tanzania
Mainland
Zanzibar
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Argentina
Belize
Bolivia
(Plurinational
State of)
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican
Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French
Guiana,
France
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Venezuela
(Bolivarian
Republic of)
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Yemen
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkey2
Uzbekistan
8511708
0
N/A
4791623
41833813
10625813
N/A
5013521
N/A
N/A
261466
12288545
710420
10572029
5045601
N/A
3018984
181284
N/A
12165089
84505
5770439
23902611
438087
N/A
181918666
N/A
10517569
39350274
20394487
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
10561887
206077898
47791393
4757606
10405943
15902916
6107706
261466
16015494
763893
10572029
7961680
125385833
6013913
3867535
6552518
30973148
538248
30693827
31627506
876174
78143644
185044286
30886545
10517569
39350274
26183676
9629779
4034774
5843617
8295840
77523788
29469913
53509117
N/A
5353161
34195388
6561894
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
798040
3987658
267363
5603175
371191
N/A
78181
170172
N/A
1550406
84505
223553
N/A
N/A
96205
4739792
2154165
N/A
263876
50356338
898603
15721343
4362761
N/A
N/A
50356338
1466283
15721343
12004995
N/A
N/A
UN population
50356338
1466283
15721343
15245855
42980026
351706
At risk
(low + high)
51822621
51254941
At risk
(high)
51822621
Suspected malaria
cases
Number of people
N/A
41404
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
0
0
612596
0
0
606499
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3445972
N/A
N/A
497042
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
92717
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
N/A
8514341
79653
1207771
725169
399925
440
35600
200241
189854
812347
743183
-
522617
314294
142843
258817
151420
900578
620977
80701
24832
866047
26964
14651
370825
106915
416729
1670019
403532
4420
124900
N/A 24880179
N/A
309913
N/A 7859740
N/A 1420946
N/A
5691
8589
24122
N/A 25190092
Presumed and
confirmed malaria
cases
3666257
2305
26174
1207771
97089
2
6
0
7
249
1
1243
290079
9439
90708
4931
12354
17696
3380
664
1163
874
8
64676
400
448
241
8
496
143415
40768
6
7401
7399316
4246
5972933
535983
4
19
7403562
Mic. slides/ RDTs

performed
Malaria
case definition
P+C
C
P+C
P+C
P+C
C
C
C
C
C
C
P+C
P+C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
5123233
1249752
64480
788281
695593
399925
440
35600
200241
189854
812347
468513
514466
39276
522617
314294
142843
258783
151420
900578
620977
80701
24832
866047
26938
14651
370825
106915
416729
1670019
403532
4420
124900
P+C 18159070
P+C
308267
P+C 5964354
P+C 1420894
C
5691
C
24122
P+C 18467337
Mic. slides/ RDTs

positive
275149
2305
11001
1068506
67513
2
6
0
7
249
1
1243
61362
9439
90708
4931
12354
17662
3380
664
1163
874
8
64676
374
448
241
8
496
143415
40768
6
7401
678207
2600
4077547
535931
4
19
680807
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P.falciparum
(incl. mixed cases)
42817
1155
67274
2
6
204
1
134
3000
-
27843
92
5140
17662
601
6
163
8
7
10282
216
348
49
-
491
24654
20634
3
341
106609
1274
535931
-
107883
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P. vivax
8
8
-
4
0
867 /(7)
Imported cases /
(introduced cases)
232332
1144 2254 /(21)
239
2
6
0
7
5
41
244 /(5)
1
1109
58362
-
62850
4839
7173
2881
658
1000
866
1
54394
158
98
199
8
118724
20129
2
7060
4
19
Presumed and
confirmed cases at
community level
0
0
-
73944
-
0
-
0
0
-
0
36961
-
RDT positive cases

at community level
0
0
-
22558
-
0
-
0
-
0
12345
-
Inpatient malaria
cases
30164
51
1285
135132
495
2
6
0
0
1
77
4971
1171
56
375
0
163
24
1
6
55
169
1756
286
0
212562
292
153009
7689
0
0
212854
56
0
14
823
19
0
0
0
0
1
0
32
28
1
11
9
2
0
0
0
0
4
0
36
17
0
5368
5
3257
406
0
0
5373
Malaria attributed
deaths
Method
used
to
calulate3
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
Cases
Inpatient malaria
cases
and deaths
(1b)
(1a)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1a)
(1b)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1a)
(1b)
(1a)
(1a)
(1b)
(1a)
(1b)
(1a)
(1b)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1b)
(1a)
(1a)
(2)
Deaths
Lower
1000000
310000
940000
290000
-
530
180000
1000
86000
6600
45000
62000
8200
500
1900
740
75000
780
940
380
-
650
200000
57000
-
7800
2500000
640000
-
4200000
Cases
1500000
<50
690000
1300000
460000
0
0
0
<10
<50
0
570
250000
5400
132000
10400
63000
109000
11000
540
2400
830
0
95000
1100
1500
400
<10
800
230000
79000
<10
10600
3300000
1000000
0
<50
5700000
Point
Population
Estimates, 2013
2100000
1300000
1800000
710000
-
640
350000
17000
310000
23000
90000
170000
15000
610
3000
890
120000
2000
3400
450
-
980
260000
100000
-
20000
4100000
1600000
-
7300000
Upper
Country/
area
Lower
250
42
120
35
-
46
-
20
10
10
0
-
0
-
1800
71
-
3300
Deaths
1100
0
2000
3300
1100
0
0
0
0
0
0
<10
120
<50
150
<10
100
280
<10
<10
<10
0
0
<10
<10
<10
0
0
<10
<50
<100
0
<10
0
0
6700
2650
0
0
16500
Point
WHO
region
African
European Eastern Mediterranean
2000
4800
6500
2500
-
210
-
350
190
600
-
9200
5700
-
23000
Upper
Annex 6A Reported malaria cases and deaths, 2014
219
South-East Asia
S
C
C
P+C
C
P+C
4903
638
51649
982
27868
922417
314820
638
233803
35570
2786135
N/A
N/A
6 895 283
N/A
N/A
N/A
6534558
N/A
566449
225034
6282484
60457356
N/A
566449
258883
68114964
7463577
99138690
50074401
572171
258883
92423338
Population
3923
644688
1443958
1 300 150
N/A
7015762
N/A
7463577
29901997
960115328 834146157 696082864

541669 205962939 126256273
584536665 112363133 20388281 4044320 7051894
389660
402629674 276521695 108131267
647903 11309393 5300357
134797711
N/A
N/A
612596 1638407
265
1905729827 1341895483 230797067 11805952 144528377 1689089
1679090946 729 880 892 30287 084 8 195 433 10577758
811921
5666900151 3 294 807 360 1085686 563 25 847 873 381068768 134447565
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
23
0
6
994
9
7086
0
332
-
0
332
18 675
579
7845
703
7220
55
10559
279
8532
638
18404
982
15752
200558
35570
2774019
149193017 74090708 32160834

7051834
389600
108540
8943594 1496518
114380
1638407
265
213
144380684 1567007 1000290
10167127
401928
266140
321374663 77946026 33650397
875537
281068
293186
48
561674
130590
2142103
616
27
3121
258
78
3708
7808
4619218
0
73944
0
100791
124 760
4 918 713
1914920
0
22558
0
93 651
75 930
2 107 059
5727373
2894
173346
9
266118
25350
6 195 090
97381
90
972
1
801
297
99542
18000
16000
15000
(1a)
Cases
10000
27000
7900
23000
5800
20000
Estimates, 2013
49000
42000
35000
(1b)
<10
<50
Deaths
<50
470
420
390
(1b)
(1a)
(1b)
(1b)
<50
21000
16000
12000
(1b)
130000000 188000000 258000000 240000 400000 560000

550000
750000
1120000
40
500
1100
2700000 4200000 6300000
500
7600 16000
<50
0
14500000 23200000 34800000
3000 36600 75500
1000000 1600000 2300000
100
3400
7500
148000000 218000000 302000000 240000 450000 660000
6900
<50
3100
110
3600
2000000
3300
1300000
3000
800000
(1a)
340
180
10
120000
93000
72000
55000
12000
5000
270
220
-
26000
6600
2300
<10
0
<50
130
120
<50
2300
540
120
10
10
-
10000000 17000000 26000000

3200000 4100000 5300000
680000 1200000 1900000
10000
14000
22000
0
37000
127000
390000
37000
90000
120000
62000
77000
95000
4300
4800
5200
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
(1a)
(1a)
(1b)
(1b)
(1b)
3200
-
1600
0
69
-
1000000
-
700000
<50
Deaths
500000
-
Method
used
to
calulate3
(1)
(1)
10
525
344
1184
1184
78
834
3995
4903
314820
Inpatient malaria
cases
and deaths
(1)
558911
(1)
9
203
3331
8749
32 850
63 024
766 /(8)
732
78846
409
200215
3923
281182
1443958
(1)
417
11 571
11 552
22625
25445
48071
P+C
294542
48071
294542
N/A
2089861
6194945
6689300
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
561
64
92
0
0
38
1
18
24
252027
10444
47
1533
5
3725
170
0
53 405
3297
64
29993
-
0
53463
64
29993
-
49
2864
379659
107260
41866
1154
28
20513
139
10356
850
722546
142807
110324
315
20
14331
203
14796
1855
1102205
252027
152195
1469
49
37921
342
25152
2921
C 138628331
C 1550296
P+C
890913
P+C
175574
C 1069817
C 1756528
P+C
117107
P+C
141116
P+C 4403633
1102205
252027
152195
122874
49
37921
342
26278
2921
N/A 138628331
N/A 1575907
N/A
890913
N/A
296979
0 1069817
N/A 1756528
N/A
117107
N/A
142242
N/A 4403633
181340816
29945525
8448712
1022742
N/A
5418078
389732
7376802
196 134
12952915410 11787153010
254454778 66484155
53437159
31804541
28174724 13509780
20618991
N/A
67725979 33862990
1157360
1038282
15328136 10839973
13772404510 575 984 744
(1)
10535
10535
38201
P+C
11212
38878
11684511
N/A
N/A
25026772
(1)
(1)
45
0
2062
-
36885
-
47264
-
29
489
31
9727
17
10216
48
Cases
Estimates, 2013
(1b)
(1a)
Method
used
to
calulate3
125201
28716
P+C
P+C
10216
48
125201
28716
N/A
121441
4231462
N/A
16480430
N/A
159077513
765008
Inpatient malaria
cases
and deaths
RDT, rapid diagnostic test

C=Confirmed P=Presumed S=Suspected
1 South Sudan became an independent State on 9 July 2011 and a Member State of WHO on 27 September 2011. South Sudan and Sudan have distinct epidemiological profiles comprising high-transmission and low-transmission areas respectively. For this reason data up to
June 2011 from the high-transmission areas of Sudan (10 southern states which correspond to South Sudan) and low-transmission areas (15 northern states which correspond to contemporary Sudan) are reported separately.
2 All cases were introduced
3 Method used to estimate
Cases: (1) Estimated from reported confirmed cases, (2) Estimated from parasite prevalence surveys
Deaths:(1a) Estimated from reported deaths, (1b) Estimated by applying case fatality rate to estimated cases, (2) Modelled from verbal autopsy data
African
European
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Total
Regional summary
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic
Peoples
Republic of
Korea
India
Indonesia
Myanmar
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Cambodia
China
Lao Peoples
Democratic
Republic
Malaysia
Papua New
Guinea
Philippines
Republic of
Korea
Solomon
Islands
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Mic. slides/ RDTs

performed
Mic. slides/ RDTs
performed
Population
Mic. slides/ RDTs

positive
Mic. slides/ RDTs
positive
Number of people
UN population
UN Population
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P.falciparum
(incl. mixed cases)
Mic. slides/ RDTs
P.falciparum
(incl. mixed cases)
Suspected malaria
cases
At risk
(low + high)
At risk
(low + high)
Mic. slides/ RDTs

P. vivax
Mic. slides/ RDTs
P. vivax
At risk
(high)
At risk
(high)
Imported cases /
(introduced cases)
Imported cases /
(Introduced cases)
Country/
area
Presumed and
confirmed malaria
cases
Presumed and
confirmed malaria
cases
Number of people
Presumed and
confirmed cases at
community level
Presumed and
confirmed cases at
community level
Western Pacific
Malaria
case definition
Malaria
case definition
Suspected malaria
cases
RDT positive cases

at community level
RDT positive cases
at community level
Point
WHO
region
Deaths
Point
Inpatient malaria
cases
Inpatient malaria
cases
Deaths
Lower
Upper
Malaria attributed
deaths
Malaria attributed
deaths
Upper
Lower
Lower
Cases
Cases
Lower
Point
Upper
Point
Upper
220
Annex 6A Reported malaria cases and deaths, 2014 (continued)
221
222
African
WHO region
Chad
Central
African
Republic
Cameroon
Cabo Verde
Burundi
Burkina Faso
Botswana
Benin
Angola
Algeria
Country/
area
Presumed and confirmed

Microscopy examined
Confirmed with microscopy
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
541
27 733
541
506
2 080 348
71 555
3 252 692
484 249
308 095
144
6843
144
89 614
437 041
45 283
40 078
-
2000
435
26 411
435
427
1 249 767
717 290
48 281
352 587
30 006
3 345 881
508 558
312 015
107
7141
107
140 742
451 182
43 180
38 287
-
2001
307
18 803
307
299
1 862 662
782 818
28 907
1 188 870
32 796
2 626 149
530 019
327 138
76
8022
76
43 093
517 004
44 689
43 933
-
2002
427
17 059
427
421
3 246 258
819 256
23 657
1 443 184
31 256
2 243 185
600 369
353 459
68
6001
68
78 094
505 732
54 381
45 195
-
2003
163
16 686
163
160
2 489 170
853 034
22 404
1 546 644
52 874
18 256
1 749 892
608 017
363 395
45
9833
45
129 367
481 122
1525
1360
-
2004
299
18 392
299
297
2 329 316
889 572
803 462
11 242
1 615 695
73 262
21 335
2 334 067
903 942
327 464
68
7902
68
277 413
131 856
501 846
37 439
31 668
-
2005
117
13 869
117
116
2 283 097
1 029 198
106 801
53 200
861 847
23 514
2 060 867
122 047
44 265
2 265 970
1 034 519
649 756
251 925
141 975
80
6979
80
1750
634 507
114 403
251 354
62 895
45 155
-
2006
288
14 745
288
261
2 726 530
1 458 123
1 295 535
506 756
237 950
1 171 522
16 983
14 200
381
113
9
2 487 633
127 120
44 246
2 079 861
1 411 407
860 606
406 738
241 038
18
7402
18
1500
604 153
119 477
518 832
64 884
48 288
-
2007
196
11 964
196
192
3 432 424
2 118 053
1 106 534
541 291
271 458
1 147 005
17 886
23 253
914
941
13
3 790 238
138 414
36 514
1 950 266
1 161 153
690 748
330 915
185 993
35
7033
35
2000
1 650 749
152 260
478 987
64 171
47 757
-
2008
94
15 635
94
90
3 726 606
2 172 036
1 120 410
906 916
453 012
1 256 708
534 590
355 007
14 878
17 553
951
1053
73
4 537 600
137 632
59 420
182 658
123 107
2 588 830
1 537 768
893 314
472 341
292 308
65
65
21 913
1 883 199
175 210
549 048
74 791
-
2009
408
12 224
408
396
3 687 574
1 947 349
1 324 264
639 476
358 606
1 432 095
12 196
1046
5 723 481
177 879
88 540
940 985
715 999
4 255 301
2 825 558
1 599 908
273 324
163 539
47
47
1 845 691
66 484
544 243
89 749
75 342
309 927
125 106
-
2010
191
11 974
191
187
3 501 953
1 765 933
1 147 473
833 753
484 809
1 424 335
88 134
68 745
475 986
354 223
1141
432
5 024 697
400 005
83 857
450 281
344 256
3 298 979
2 859 720
1 485 332
181 489
86 542
36
26 508
36
29
1 829 266
1 110 308
120 466
221 980
528 454
86 348
114 122
94 778
-
2011
887
15 790
887
828
3 031 546
2 245 223
1 056 563
1 069 483
440 271
1 513 212
243 008
825 005
705 839
308
193
6 970 700
223 372
90 089
4 516 273
3 767 957
2 570 754
2 659 372
1 484 676
1 148 965
666 400
36
8715
36
35
1 589 317
1 182 610
93 392
459 999
55 746
46 759
660 575
69 789
-
2012
Annex 6B Reported malaria cases by method of confirmation, 20002014

603
12 762
603
587
3 144 100
3 025 258
1 462 941
1 103 815
536 927
1 670 273
291 479
99 368
1 158 526
979 466
506
456
7 146 026
183 971
82 875
4 296 350
3 686 176
4 469 007
4 123 012
2 366 134
2 933 869
1 775 253
46
10 621
46
24
1 824 633
1 236 306
591 670
407 131
63 695
36 943
136 548
79 357
1 272 841
206 082
621 469
548 483
-
2013
266
8690
266
260
3 180 021
3 398 029
1 431 313
1 855 400
867 666
1 509 221
155 205
108 714
1 335 582
935 521
1485
1346
8 280 183
198 947
83 259
6 224 055
5 345 396
4 831 758
4 471 998
2 718 391
2 903 679
1 866 882
46
6894
46
20
1 369 518
1 086 095
1 254 293
495 238
55 943
41 436
369 208
253 652
1 513 772
160 260
1 137 455
753 772
-
2014
African
WHO region
Ghana
Gambia
Gabon
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Equatorial
Guinea
Democratic
Republic of
the Congo
Cte dIvoire
Congo
Comoros
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
801 784
15 751
964 623
3758
897
127 024
50 810
3 349 528
-
2000
879 032
11 981
1 193 288
2 199 247
3244
1531
125 746
22 637
9716
2 555 314
851 942
392 377
132 918
53 167
481 590
3 044 844
-
2001
1 104 310
7677
1 109 751
2 640 168
3704
1735
74 861
52 228
6078
2 929 684
1 115 167
427 795
157 440
62 976
620 767
3 140 893
-
2002
867 398
1633
1 136 810
4 386 638
4820
2438
65 517
52 428
10 346
3 582 097
1 010 925
463 797
166 321
58 212
540 165
3 552 896
-
2003
43 918
12 874
293
1 275 138
4 133 514
5320
2684
27 783
41 361
4119
5 170 614
1 312 422
578 904
200 214
100 107
70 075
395 043
3 416 033
475 441
-
2004
29 554
6086
67
1 280 914
6 334 608
5531
2971
24 192
48 937
9073
3 901 957
1 364 194
538 942
235 479
129 513
70 644
329 426
3 452 969
655 093
0
-
2005
54 830
20 559
157 757
1 253 408
5 008 959
4779
2050
10 148
46 096
6541
3 038 565
785 209
447 780
111 527
136 916
33 458
427 598
3 511 452
472 255
0
-
2006
53 511
149 552
163 924
103 213
1 277 670
3 720 570
1 181 323
740 615
2275
243
20 948
10 752
5842
655
445
19 568
68 905
9528
7520
6037
2 557 152
739 627
451 816
190 749
142 406
45 186
439 798
3 123 147
476 484
-
2007
46 426
157 125
203 869
117 291
1 343 654
19 661
3527
4 933 845
2 613 038
1 618 091
428
127
67 196
11 815
7883
2572
1620
10 572
54 075
4364
6566
4400
2 532 645
986 323
458 561
187 714
151 137
40 701
508 846
39 164
3 200 147
1 100 238
956 359
143 879
138 124
-
2008
57 084
13 387
5982
150 583
203 160
92 855
1 847 366
34 755
7388
7 839 435
2 956 592
1 873 816
12 436
4889
84 532
15 960
11 603
3773
2581
21 298
68 407
6633
5126
3 043 203
2 065 237
927 992
262 877
108 324
113 803
1623
660
479 409
50 378
3 694 671
2 431 048
962 599
468 449
141 771
-
2009
103 670
87 595
35 199
5249
1339
446 656
1 721 461
62 726
9 252 959
3 678 849
2 374 930
54 728
42 850
78 095
42 585
39 636
16 772
14 177
53 750
79 024
13 894
22 088
4 068 764
2 509 543
1 158 197
185 105
54 714
12 816
7887
1120
194 009
290 842
52 245
123 564
64 108
3 849 536
2 031 674
1 029 384
247 278
42 253
-
2010
76 661
63 217
22 278
20 226
2578
277 263
37 744
2 588 004
49 828
29 976
9 442 144
4 226 533
2 700 818
2 912 088
1 861 163
37 267
23 004
20 601
2899
1865
39 567
67 190
15 308
25 570
19 540
3 549 559
3 418 719
1 480 306
178 822
261 967
172 241
71 588
190 379
4 154 261
1 172 838
624 756
781 892
416 504
-
2011
65 139
125 030
45 507
27 714
4333
120 319
120 319
2 795 919
195 546
107 563
1 572 785
1 033 064
9 128 398
4 329 318
2 656 864
3 327 071
2 134 734
20 890
33 245
13 196
6826
1973
42 178
84 861
11 557
33 758
10 258
3 876 745
3 778 479
1 692 578
188 089
66 018
18 694
4129
1059
300 363
156 580
29 325
705 862
271 038
10 676 731
4 219 097
2 971 699
1 438 284
783 467
-
2012
62 565
154 824
46 130
21 546
7026
183 026
69 375
43 232
0
0
4 708 425
395 914
215 104
3 384 765
2 291 849
11 363 817
4 126 129
2 611 478
6 096 993
4 103 745
25 162
27 039
11 235
5489
1894
34 678
81 541
10 890
39 281
10 427
3 316 013
8 573 335
2 645 454
185 196
90 185
26 432
10 132
2550
279 829
236 329
65 666
614 128
175 126
7 200 797
1 394 249
721 898
1 488 822
917 553
-
2013
2465
93 444
1987
9839
216
248 159
88 764
54 523
19 746
11 800
4 658 774
568 562
306 926
4 904 066
3 405 905
9 968 983
3 533 165
2 126 554
11 114 215
7 842 429
20 417
47 322
17 685
9807
2732
35 725
63 766
10 993
53 032
19 775
2 513 863
7 062 717
2 118 815
185 996
90 275
27 687
11 812
4213
166 229
286 111
66 253
317 313
99 976
8 453 557
1 987 959
970 448
3 610 453
2 445 464
-
2014
Annex 6B Reported malaria cases by method of confirmation, 20002014
223
224
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
Guinea
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
GuineaBissau
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Kenya
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Liberia
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Madagascar
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Malawi
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Mali
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Mauritania
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Mayotte,
France
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Mozambique
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
WHO region
African
816 539
4800
246 316
4 216 531
1 392 483
31 575
6946
3 646 212
546 634
-
2000
851 877
6238
202 379
3 262 931
1 386 291
33 354
8538
3 823 796
612 896
243 942
-
2001
850 147
16 561
194 976
3 319 399
43 643
20 049
1 598 919
27 752
5272
2 784 001
723 077
224 614
-
2002
731 911
107 925
162 344
5 338 008
96 893
39 383
2 198 297
37 333
6909
3 358 960
809 428
318 120
792
792
-
2003
876 837
103 069
187 910
7 545 541
59 995
28 328
1 458 408
39 174
7638
2 871 098
1 969 214
224 840
743
743
-
2004
850 309
50 452
185 493
33 721
14 659
9 181 224
44 875
8718
5025
57 325
39 850
1 229 385
37 943
6753
3 688 389
962 706
223 472
500
500
-
2005
834 835
41 228
16 554
12 999
148 720
34 862
15 120
8 926 058
1 171 175
165 095
115 677
880 952
645 738
1 087 563
29 318
5689
4 498 949
1 022 592
188 025
31 013
1061
392
392
74
-
2006
888 643
28 646
21 150
15 872
140 205
34 384
14 284
9 610 691
694 428
123 939
80 373
508 987
411 899
736 194
30 921
4823
175 595
43 674
4 786 045
1 291 853
222 476
421
421
129
6 155 082
141 663
-
2007
657 003
33 405
148 542
31 083
11 299
839 903
839 903
726 905
238 752
157 920
635 855
449 032
352 870
30 566
4096
299 000
89 138
5 185 082
1 045 424
201 044
835
268
720
34
346
346
148
4 831 491
120 259
-
2008
812 471
20 932
20 866
14 909
156 633
25 379
11 757
8 123 689
1 035 940
327 392
212 657
676 569
626 924
299 094
23 963
2720
610 035
212 390
6 183 816
1 633 423
174 820
3717
603
4338
337
352
352
250
4 310 086
93 874
-
2009
1 092 554
20 936
140 143
48 799
30 239
56 455
20 152
6 071 583
2 384 402
898 531
2 675 816
335 973
212 927
998 043
709 246
293 910
24 393
2173
604 114
200 277
6 851 108
2 171 542
1 380 178
227 482
244 319
5449
909
2299
1085
396
2023
396
236
3 381 371
1 950 933
644 568
2 287 536
878 009
-
2010
1 189 016
43 549
5450
139 066
90 124
174 986
57 698
21 320
139 531
50 662
11 120 812
3 009 051
1 002 805
2 480 748
728 443
577 641
1 593 676
1 338 121
255 814
34 813
3447
739 572
221 051
5 338 701
119 996
50 526
580 708
253 973
1 961 070
974 558
307 035
154 003
3752
1130
7991
1796
92
1214
92
51
3 344 413
2 504 720
1 093 742
2 966 853
663 132
-
2011
1 220 574
191 421
125 779
129 684
61 048
23 547
97 047
26 834
9 335 951
4 836 617
1 426 719
164 424
26 752
1 800 372
772 362
507 967
1 276 521
899 488
395 149
38 453
3667
906 080
355 753
4 922 596
406 907
283 138
2 763 986
1 281 846
2 171 739
97 995
788 487
169 104
1865
255
3293
1633
72
1463
72
47
3 203 338
2 546 213
886 143
2 234 994
927 841
-
2012
775 341
63 353
147 904
132 176
58 909
17 733
102 079
36 851
9 750 953
6 606 885
2 060 608
655 285
274 678
1 483 676
818 352
496 269
1 144 405
747 951
387 045
41 316
4550
1 029 994
382 495
3 906 838
132 475
44 501
3 029 020
1 236 391
2 327 385
190 337
1 889 286
1 176 881
128 486
5510
957
3576
630
82
82
71
3 924 832
2 058 998
774 891
5 215 893
2 223 983
-
2013
1 595 828
116 767
82 818
577 389
98 952
106 882
35 546
197 536
57 885
9 655 905
7 444 865
2 415 950
850 884
392 981
1 066 107
1 318 801
302 708
912 382
561 496
433 101
35 840
3620
873 526
361 619
5 065 703
198 534
77 635
5 344 724
2 827 675
2 590 643
219 637
1 820 216
156 529
47 500
15 835
15
15
14
5 485 327
2 295 823
1 009 496
9 944 222
6 108 152
-
2014
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
Namibia
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Niger
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Nigeria
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Rwanda
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Sao Tome
and Principe RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Senegal
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Sierra Leone
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
South Africa
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
South Sudan1
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Swaziland
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
WHO region
African
2 476 608
32 149
66 076
31 975
1 123 377
56 169
44 959
460 881
64 624
29 374
-
2000
538 512
41 636
1 340 142
2 253 519
1 003 793
748 806
423 493
44 034
83 045
42 086
931 682
55 494
12 920
447 826
4985
2206
26 506
26 506
237 712
12 854
24 123
1395
-
2001
445 803
23 984
888 345
2 605 381
1 073 546
951 797
506 028
50 953
93 882
50 586
960 478
54 257
14 425
507 130
10 605
3702
15 649
15 649
462 056
10 129
13 997
670
-
2002
468 259
20 295
681 783
56 460
2 608 479
1 217 405
1 071 519
553 150
47 830
81 372
42 656
1 414 383
85 246
26 865
524 987
12 298
3945
13 459
13 459
646 673
7203
12 564
342
-
2003
610 799
36 043
760 718
81 814
76 030
3 310 229
1 303 494
1 201 811
589 315
53 991
97 836
46 486
1 195 402
67 750
22 234
355 638
4985
2206
13 399
13 399
515 958
5140
6754
574
-
2004
339 204
23 339
817 707
107 092
46 170
21 230
9873
3 532 108
1 654 246
1 438 603
683 769
22 370
68 819
18 139
1 346 158
105 093
33 160
233 833
10 605
3702
3452
1106
7755
7755
337 582
6066
4587
279
-
2005
265 595
27 690
886 531
87 103
12 567
3956
3 982 372
1 429 072
1 523 892
573 686
7293
58 672
5146
1 555 310
138 254
48 070
160 666
12 298
3945
4675
987
14 456
12 098
116 473
7807
3985
155
-
2006
172 024
4242
1 308 896
1 308 896
55 628
1 308 896
193 399
2 969 950
946 569
1 754 196
382 686
2421
49 298
2421
1 170 234
195 487
78 278
90 161
40 054
653 987
6327
6327
101 008
6338
84
-
2007
132 130
24 361
1092
2 229 812
2 229 812
62 243
530 910
434 615
2 834 174
772 197
1 640 106
316 242
6258
38 583
1647
140 478
4611
737 414
48 324
24 830
487 188
217 096
932 819
235 800
154 459
7796
7796
136 492
116 555
52 011
5881
58
-
2008
87 402
16 059
505
2 358 156
2 358 156
79 066
312 802
230 609
4 295 686
335 201
144 644
1 247 583
2 637 468
698 745
6182
59 228
3798
60 649
2384
584 873
43 026
19 614
485 548
146 319
747 339
770 463
273 149
544 336
373 659
6117
6072
325 634
6624
106
-
2009
25 889
14 522
556
3 643 803
165 514
49 285
7 426 774
570 773
3 873 463
523 513
45 924
27 674
638 669
2 708 973
638 669
3346
48 366
2233
9989
507
707 772
27 793
17 750
651 737
325 920
934 028
718 473
218 473
1 609 455
715 555
8060
3787
276 669
4273
900 283
900 283
1722
87
181
-
2010
14 406
13 262
335
48 599
1525
3 157 482
130 658
68 529
1 130 514
712 347
4 306 945
672 185
242 526
208 858
1 602 271
208 858
8442
83 355
6373
33 924
2069
604 290
18 325
14 142
555 614
263 184
856 332
46 280
25 511
886 994
613 348
9866
178 387
5986
204 047
3880
795 784
112 024
797
130
419
170
2011
3163
7875
194
4 592 519
1 781 505
1 119 929
1 781 505
1 119 929
6 938 519
1 953 399
2 898 052
483 470
2 904 793
422 224
190 593
61 246
12 550
103 773
10 706
23 124
1844
634 106
19 946
15 612
524 971
265 468
1 945 859
194 787
104 533
1 975 972
1 432 789
6846
121 291
1632
30 053
3997
1 125 039
225 371
626
345
217
153
2012
4911
1507
136
32 495
4775
4 288 425
1 799 299
1 176 711
1 799 299
1 176 711
12 830 911
1 633 960
7 194 960
962 618
2 862 877
879 316
201 708
83 302
9243
73 866
6352
34 768
2891
772 222
24 205
20 801
668 562
325 088
1 715 851
185 403
76 077
2 377 254
1 625 881
8851
364 021
2572
239 705
6073
1 855 501
262 520
962
488
474
234
2013
15 914
1894
222
185 078
15 692
3 222 613
2 872 710
0
2 872 710
1 953 309
16 512 127
1 681 469
1 233 654
9 188 933
6 593 300
1 610 812
4 010 202
1 528 825
168 004
81 987
1754
33 355
569
58 090
1185
628 642
19 343
12 636
697 175
252 988
1 898 852
66 277
39 414
2 056 722
1 335 062
13 988
300 291
4101
240 622
7604
711
711
322
2014
Annex 6B Reported malaria cases by method of confirmation, 20002014 (continued)
225
226
Region of the
Americas
African
WHO region
Belize
Bahamas
Argentina
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Zanzibar
Mainland
United
Republic of
Tanzania
Uganda
Togo
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
3 552 859
45 643
53 533
17 734
45 643
53 533
17 734
3 337 796
440
7949
440
2
22
2
1486
18 559
1486
-
2000
498 826
5 624 032
369 474
53 804
38 537
324 584
20 152
44 890
53 804
18 385
3 838 402
215
6685
215
4
4
1162
18 173
1162
-
2001
583 872
7 536 748
1 100 374
557 159
413 361
123 352
42 468
369 394
71 384
25 485
43 967
51 968
16 983
3 760 335
125
5043
125
1
1
1134
15 480
1134
-
2002
490 256
9 657 332
1 566 474
801 784
11 418 731
4 350 487
1 976 614
11 379 411
4 296 588
1 960 909
39 320
53 899
15 705
4 346 172
122
3977
122
3
34
3
1084
15 480
1084
-
2003
516 942
10 717 076
1 859 780
879 032
11 930 393
5 579 910
2 502 382
11 898 627
5 528 934
2 490 446
31 766
50 976
11 936
4 078 234
1 815 470
115
3018
115
2
17
2
1066
17 358
1066
-
2004
437 662
9 867 174
2 107 011
1 104 310
11 466 713
8 037 619
2 764 049
11 441 681
7 993 977
2 756 421
25 032
43 642
7628
4 121 356
1 494 518
252
3018
252
1
9
1
1549
25 119
1549
-
2005
566 450
10 168 389
2 238 155
867 398
10 582 608
4 167 063
1 928 296
10 566 201
4 136 387
1 926 711
16 407
30 676
1585
4 731 338
1 313 458
212
6353
212
49
546
49
844
25 755
844
-
2006
715 615
231 860
117 720
188 225
103 390
11 978 636
2 348 373
1 045 378
8 571 839
4 661 982
1 845 917
8 562 200
4 638 471
1 845 624
9639
23 511
293
4 248 295
1 154 519
234 730
116 518
387
6353
387
6
6
845
22 134
845
-
2007
898 112
321 171
152 724
318 895
192 138
11 602 700
2 397 037
979 298
7 739 151
3 887 346
77
173 311
4508
7 643 050
3 830 767
96 101
56 579
77
173 311
4508
3 080 301
1 003 846
59 132
16 394
59 132
16 394
130
5157
130
14
35
14
540
25 550
540
-
2008
961 807
420 053
192 966
314 250
198 372
12 086 399
3 612 418
1 301 337
12 840 249
60 691
211
121 248
3031
12 752 090
88 159
60 691
211
121 248
3031
2 976 395
736 897
122 133
57 014
122 133
57 014
86
1455
86
0
256
26 051
256
-
2009
983 430
478 354
224 087
575 245
393 014
13 208 169
3 705 284
1 581 160
12 893 535
3 637 659
1 277 024
136 123
1974
12 819 192
3 573 710
1 276 660
74 343
63 949
364
136 123
1974
4 229 839
648 965
513 032
249 379
72
2547
72
46
1
27 272
1
150
27 366
150
-
2010
519 450
502 977
237 305
390 611
282 145
12 173 358
385 928
134 726
194 819
97 147
10 164 967
5 656 907
1 813 179
1 628 092
337 582
10 160 478
5 513 619
1 812 704
1 315 662
333 568
4489
143 288
475
312 430
4014
4 607 908
319 935
10 004
470 007
319 935
18
7872
18
18
6
31 013
6
79
22 996
79
7
2011
768 287
579 507
260 535
660 627
436 839
13 591 932
3 466 571
1 413 149
2 449 526
1 249 109
8 477 435
6 931 025
1 772 062
1 091 615
214 893
8 474 278
6 784 639
1 771 388
701 477
212 636
3157
146 386
674
390 138
2257
4 695 400
276 963
727 174
276 963
4
7027
4
4
0
37
20 789
37
4
2012
882 430
560 096
272 855
882 475
609 575
16 541 563
3 718 588
1 502 362
7 387 826
8 585 482
6 804 085
1 481 275
813 103
71 169
8 582 934
6 720 141
1 480 791
369 444
69 459
2548
83 944
484
443 659
1710
5 465 122
422 633
1 115 005
422 633
4
4913
4
4
26
25 351
26
4
2013
1 130 251
621 119
310 207
1 135 581
820 044
13 724 345
2 048 185
578 289
7 060 545
3 053 650
7 403 562
727 130
572 524
17 740 207
108 283
7 399 316
592 320
571 598
17 566 750
106 609
4246
134 810
926
173 457
1674
5 972 933
5 964 354
4 077 547
535 983
1 420 894
535 931
4
5691
4
4
19
24 122
19
0
2014
2000
31 469
143 990
31 469
613 241
2 562 576
613 241
144 432
478 820
144 432
1879
61 261
1879
1233
427 297
1233
104 528
544 646
104 528
753
279 072
753
3708
48 162
3708
53 311
246 642
53 311
24 018
209 197
24 018
-
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
Bolivia
(Plurinational
RDT examined
State of)
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Brazil
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Colombia
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Costa Rica
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Dominican
Republic
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Ecuador
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
El Salvador
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
French
Guiana,
RDT examined
France
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Guatemala
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Guyana
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
WHO region
Region of the
Americas
15 765
122 933
15 765
388 303
2 274 610
388 303
231 233
747 079
231 233
1363
43 053
1363
1038
411 431
1038
108 903
538 757
108 903
362
111 830
362
3823
44 718
3823
35 824
198 114
35 824
27 122
211 221
27 122
-
2001
14 276
137 509
14 276
348 259
2 118 491
348 259
204 916
686 635
204 916
1021
17 738
1021
1296
391 216
1296
86 757
403 225
86 757
117
115 378
117
3661
44 718
3661
35 540
197 113
35 540
21 895
175 966
21 895
-
2002
20 343
158 299
20 343
408 886
2 009 414
408 886
180 956
640 453
180 956
718
9622
718
1529
349 717
1529
52 065
433 244
52 065
85
102 053
85
3839
32 402
3839
31 127
156 227
31 127
27 627
185 877
27 627
-
2003
14 910
163 307
14 910
5000
465 004
2 194 780
465 004
142 241
562 681
142 241
1289
9204
1289
2355
322 948
2355
28 730
357 633
28 730
112
94 819
112
3038
32 402
3038
28 955
148 729
28 955
28 866
151 938
28 866
-
2004
21 442
202 021
20 142
6000
1300
606 067
2 660 539
606 067
121 629
493 562
121 629
3541
12 767
3541
3837
397 108
3837
17 050
358 361
17 050
67
102 479
67
3414
32 402
3414
39 571
178 726
39 571
38 984
210 429
38 984
-
2005
19 725
208 616
18 995
6000
730
549 469
2 959 489
549 469
120 096
451 240
120 096
2903
24 498
2903
3525
446 839
3525
9863
318 132
9863
49
113 754
49
4074
32 402
4074
31 093
168 958
31 093
21 064
202 688
21 064
-
2006
14 610
180 316
14 610
1500
458 652
2 986 381
458 652
128 462
564 755
125 262
25 000
3200
1223
22 641
1223
2711
435 649
2711
8464
352 426
8464
40
95 857
40
4828
32 402
2797
2031
15 382
129 410
15 382
3000
11 656
178 005
11 656
-
2007
9748
159 826
9748
5000
315 746
2 726 433
315 746
80 559
470 381
79 230
22 754
1329
966
17 304
966
1840
381 010
1840
4891
384 800
4891
2758
33
97 872
33
3320
11 994
1341
1979
7198
173 678
7198
2000
11 815
137 247
11 815
-
2008
9743
132 633
9234
981
509
309 316
2 620 787
309 316
90 275
79 347
428 004
79 252
8362
95
262
4829
262
1643
353 336
1643
4120
446 740
4120
4992
20
83 031
20
3462
20 065
1433
2029
7080
154 652
7080
2000
13 673
169 309
13 673
-
2009
13 769
133 463
12 252
7394
1517
334 668
2 711 432
334 667
117 650
521 342
117 637
13
114
15 599
114
4
3414
469 052
2482
26 585
932
1888
481 030
1888
7800
24
115 256
24
7
1632
14 373
688
944
7384
235 075
7384
2000
0
22 935
212 863
22 935
-
2010
7143
143 272
6108
7390
1035
267 146
2 476 335
266 713
1486
433
64 436
396 861
60 121
21 171
4188
17
10 690
17
6
1616
421 405
1616
56 150
1233
460 785
1233
14
16
100 883
15
1
1
6
1209
14 429
505
704
6817
195 080
6817
29 506
201 693
29 471
0
35
-
2011
7415
121 944
6293
10 960
1122
242 758
2 325 775
237 978
23 566
4780
60 179
346 599
50 938
70 168
9241
8
7485
8
1
952
415 808
952
90 775
558
459 157
558
14
19
124 885
19
6
900
13 638
401
499
5346
186 645
5346
0
0
31 656
196 622
31 601
55
-
2012
7342
133 260
6272
10 789
1070
178 546
1 873 518
174 048
19 500
3719
51 722
284 332
44 293
42 723
7403
6
16 774
6
4
579
431 683
579
71 000
378
397 628
378
10
7
103 748
7
1
875
22 327
324
551
6214
153 731
6214
0
0
31 479
205 903
31 479
0
-
2013
7401
124 900
7401
143 415
1 658 976
142 031
11 043
1384
40 768
325 713
36 166
77 819
4602
6
4420
6
5
496
362 304
496
54 425
241
370 825
241
8
106 915
8
2
448
14 651
187
261
4931
264 269
4931
50 025
12 354
142 843
12 354
0
-
2014
227
228
Region of the
Americas
WHO region
Venezuela
(Bolivarian
Republic of)
Suriname
Peru
Paraguay
Panama
Nicaragua
Mexico
Jamaica
Honduras
Haiti
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
16 897
21 190
16 897
35 125
175 577
35 125
7
874
7
7390
2 003 569
7390
23 878
509 443
23 878
1036
149 702
1036
6853
97 026
6853
68 321
1 483 816
68 321
11 361
63 377
11 361
29 736
261 866
29 736
-
2000
9837
51 067
9837
24 149
174 430
24 149
6
596
6
4996
1 857 233
4996
10 482
482 919
10 482
928
156 589
928
2710
71 708
2710
78 544
1 417 423
78 544
16 003
67 369
16 003
20 006
198 000
20 006
-
2001
17 223
178 616
17 223
7
725
7
4624
1 852 553
4624
7695
491 689
7695
2244
165 796
2244
2778
99 338
2778
99 237
1 582 385
99 237
12 837
68 070
12 837
29 491
278 205
29 491
-
2002
14 063
137 891
14 063
9
394
9
3819
1 565 155
3819
6717
448 913
6717
4500
166 807
4500
1392
126 582
1392
88 408
1 485 012
88 408
10 982
43 241
10 982
31 719
344 236
31 719
-
2003
10 802
30 440
10 802
17 134
145 082
17 134
141
3879
141
3406
1 454 575
3406
6897
492 319
6897
5095
171 179
5095
694
97 246
694
93 581
1 438 925
93 581
8378
56 975
8378
46 655
420 165
46 655
-
2004
21 778
3 541 506
21 778
15 943
153 474
15 943
2500
88
2470
88
2967
1 559 076
2967
6642
516 313
6642
3667
208 582
3667
376
85 942
376
87 699
1 438 925
87 699
9131
59 855
9131
45 049
420 165
45 049
-
2005
32 739
87 951
32 739
11 947
125 162
11 947
2500
194
6821
194
2514
1 345 915
2514
3114
464 581
3114
11 563
1663
212 254
1663
823
111 361
823
64 925
1 438 925
64 925
3289
45 722
3289
37 062
479 708
37 062
-
2006
29 825
142 518
29 825
10 512
130 255
10 512
199
199
2361
1 430 717
2361
1356
521 464
1356
16 173
0
1281
204 193
1281
1341
92 339
1341
50 797
1 438 925
50 797
1741
31 768
1104
2224
637
41 749
392 197
41 749
4141
-
2007
36 774
168 950
36 774
8368
119 484
8368
22
30 732
22
2357
1 246 780
2357
762
533 173
762
10 000
0
744
200 574
744
348
94 316
341
1997
7
44 522
796 337
44 522
64 953
2709
28 137
2086
1774
623
32 037
414 137
32 037
-
2008
49 535
270 438
49 535
9313
108 529
9313
4000
0
22
34 149
22
2703
1 240 087
2703
610
544 717
610
9000
0
778
158 481
778
91
64 660
91
42 645
892 990
42 645
2499
33 279
1842
1438
538
35 828
370 258
35 828
-
2009
84 153
270 427
84 153
9685
152 961
9685
4000
12
10 763
12
1226
1 192 081
1226
7
692
535 914
692
18 500
0
418
141 038
418
27
62 178
27
9
31 546
744 627
31 545
23
1
1771
16 533
1574
541
138
45 155
400 495
45 155
-
2010
32 969
184 934
32 969
7618
152 451
7465
4000
45
9
5042
9
1130
1 035 424
1130
6
925
521 904
925
14 201
354
116 588
354
0
0
10
48 611
10
9
25 039
702 894
25 005
58
34
795
15 135
751
1025
20
45 824
382 303
45 824
-
2011
25 423
167 726
25 423
46
6439
155 165
6439
4000
10
5
842
1 025 659
842
9
1235
536 278
1235
16 444
0
844
107 711
844
0
0
15
31 499
15
13
31 570
758 723
31 436
562
569
17 464
306
4008
50
52 803
410 663
52 803
-
2012
26 543
172 624
20 586
5586
5428
144 436
5364
237
64
499
1 017 508
499
4
1194
517 141
1194
19 029
705
93 624
705
0
0
11
24 806
11
11
43 468
863 790
43 139
858
729
13 693
530
6043
199
78 643
476 764
78 643
-
2013
17 696
134 822
10 920
123 961
6742
3380
151 420
3380
1427
102
252
664
900 578
664
8
1163
605 357
1163
15 620
874
80 701
874
0
0
8
24 832
8
8
64 676
864 413
64 676
1634
400
16 559
254
10 379
120
90 708
522 617
90 708
-
2014
Eastern
Mediterranean
WHO region
Somalia
Saudi Arabia
Pakistan
Oman
Morocco2
Iraq
Iran (Islamic
Republic of)
Egypt
Djibouti
Afghanistan
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
203 911
257 429
94 475
4667
17
1 155 904
17
17
19 716
1 732 778
19 716
7422
1860
1860
59
277 671
59
56
694
494 884
694
688
3 337 054
82 526
6608
6608
1872
10 364
-
2000
4312
11
1 357 223
11
11
19 303
1 867 500
19 303
10 379
1265
997 812
1265
59
335 723
59
59
635
521 552
635
633
3 577 845
3 572 425
125 292
3074
821 860
3074
1471
10 364
-
2001
626 839
5021
10
1 041 767
10
10
15 558
1 416 693
15 558
6436
952
1 072 587
952
107
345 173
107
88
590
495 826
590
584
4 238 778
3 399 524
107 666
2612
825 443
2612
1402
96 922
21 350
15 732
-
2002
585 602
360 940
5036
5036
45
45
45
23 562
1 358 262
23 562
6502
347
681 070
347
3
73
405 800
73
69
740
409 532
740
734
4 210 611
4 577 037
125 152
2592
1724
819 869
1724
1024
23 349
12 578
7571
-
2003
273 377
248 946
242 022
2142
122
43
43
43
13 821
1 326 108
13 821
6219
155
913 400
155
5
56
405 601
56
55
615
326 127
615
615
1 958 350
4 243 108
126 719
1101
1232
780 392
1232
924
36 732
30 127
11 436
-
2004
326 694
338 253
116 444
2469
1913
413
23
23
23
18 966
1 674 895
18 966
4570
47
944 163
47
10 824
0
3
100
100
100
544
258 981
544
544
4 022 823
4 776 274
127 826
290
1059
715 878
1059
855
28 404
47 882
12 516
-
2005
414 407
460 908
86 129
6457
1796
29
29
29
15 909
1 131 261
15 909
2782
24
970 000
24
1
83
83
83
443
242 635
443
443
4 314 637
4 490 577
124 910
1149
1278
804 087
1278
1008
49 092
16 430
-
2006
456 490
504 856
92 202
4694
3461
210
30
23 402
30
30
15 712
1 074 196
15 712
2434
3
844 859
3
1
75
367 705
75
75
705
244 346
705
701
4 553 732
4 905 561
128 570
190
2864
1 015 781
2864
2397
50 444
16 675
-
2007
467 123
549 494
81 574
3528
2896
119
80
34 880
80
80
11 460
966 150
11 460
3111
6
1 105 054
6
4
142
292 826
142
142
965
245 113
965
957
4 658 701
3 775 793
104 454
120
1491
1 114 841
1491
1430
82 980
73 985
36 905
-
2008
390 729
521 817
64 880
2686
2686
94
41 344
94
94
6122
744 586
6122
1645
1
1 493 143
1
1
145
290 566
145
145
898
234 803
898
898
4 242 032
3 655 272
132 688
243 521
34 891
2333
1 078 745
2333
2275
72 362
59 181
25 202
-
2009
392 463
524 523
69 397
1010
1010
85
664 294
85
85
3031
614 817
3031
1184
7
1 849 930
7
7
218
232 598
218
215
1193
226 009
1193
1169
4 281 356
4 281 346
220 870
279 724
19 721
1941
944 723
1941
1912
24 553
20 593
5629
200 105
18 924
-
2010
482 748
531 053
77 549
0
0
230
124
116
116
116
3239
530 470
3239
1529
11
2 097 732
11
0
11
312
171 400
312
312
1531
267 353
1531
1518
4 065 802
4 168 648
287 592
518 709
46 997
2788
1 062 827
2788
2719
41 167
26 351
1627
35 236
1724
-
2011
391 365
511 408
54 840
0
0
27
1410
22
3
206
818 600
206
206
1629
479 655
1629
0
0
842
8
1 963 638
8
0
0
8
364
285 039
364
0
0
364
2051
269 990
2051
0
0
2029
4 285 449
4 497 330
250 526
410 949
40 255
3406
1 186 179
3406
0
0
3324
35 712
37 273
6817
-
2012
319 742
507 145
39 263
0
0
1684
7189
939
262
262
262
1373
385 172
1373
853
8
1 796 587
8
8
314
108 432
314
0
0
314
1451
230 041
1451
0
0
1440
3 472 727
3 933 321
196 078
628 504
85 677
2513
1 309 783
2513
2479
9135
67 464
7407
-
2013
290 079
514 466
61 362
9439
39 284
9439
313
313
291
1243
468 513
1243
867
2
1 595 338
2
2
493
110 858
493
493
1001
184 996
1001
986
3 666 257
4 343 418
193 952
779 815
81 197
2305
1 249 752
2305
2254
26 174
64 480
11 001
-
2014
229
230
European
Eastern
Mediterranean
WHO region
Turkey
Tajikistan
Russian
Federation
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Armenia2
Yemen
Syrian Arab
Republic3
Sudan
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
4 332 827
368 557
42
42
36
1 394 495
1 394 495
141
356
141
0
1526
527 688
1526
245
245
0
12
70 500
12
0
795
795
0
233 785
233 785
19 064
11 432
1 597 290
11 432
0
-
2000
3 985 702
203 491
79
79
16
79
174
79
0
1058
536 260
1058
439
3574
438
0
28
72 020
28
0
898
898
0
248 565
248 565
11 387
10 812
1 550 521
10 812
0
-
2001
3 054 400
280 550
27
27
12
187 159
556 143
75 508
52
165
52
0
506
507 252
506
474
6145
474
0
2743
69 807
2743
0
642
642
0
244 632
244 632
6160
10 224
1 320 010
10 224
0
-
2002
3 084 320
933 267
24
24
22
265 032
398 472
50 811
29
126
29
0
482
536 822
482
316
5457
316
0
468
144 070
468
0
533
533
0
296 123
296 123
5428
9222
1 187 814
9222
0
-
2003
2 083 711
537 899
13
13
12
158 561
501 747
48 756
47
220
47
0
386
545 145
386
257
3365
257
0
93
79 895
93
0
382
382
0
272 743
272 743
3588
5302
1 158 673
5302
0
-
2004
2 515 693
628 417
28
28
28
200 560
472 970
44 150
7
209
7
0
242
515 144
242
155
5169
155
0
226
114 316
226
0
205
205
0
216 197
216 197
2309
2084
1 042 509
2084
0
-
2005
2 117 514
721 233
34
34
34
217 270
799 747
55 000
0
230
0
0
0
143
498 697
143
0
60
4400
60
0
1
318
74 729
318
0
1
143
143
0
41
175 894
175 894
1344
28
796
934 839
796
0
29
2006
3 040 181
2 243 981
686 908
37
68 000
37
37
223 299
585 015
67 607
303
70
1
658
1
0
1
110
465 033
110
1
25
3400
25
0
0
96
62 444
96
0
0
122
35 784
122
0
42
159 232
159 232
635
7
358
775 502
358
0
29
2007
3 073 996
2 050 354
569 296
51
51
51
158 608
781 318
43 545
5015
661
1
30 761
1
0
1
73
408 780
73
1
8
4398
8
0
2
18
40 833
18
0
0
96
28 340
96
0
47
158 068
158 068
318
0
215
616 570
215
0
49
2008
2 361 188
2 791 156
711 462
39
25 751
39
39
138 579
797 621
53 445
18 566
2001
0
31 467
0
0
0
80
451 436
80
0
2
7
4120
7
0
6
4
33 983
4
0
0
107
27 382
107
0
107
165
165 266
165
1
84
606 875
84
0
46
2009
1 465 496
625 365
1 653 300
95 192
23
19 151
23
23
198 963
645 463
78 269
97 289
28 428
1
31 026
1
1
52
456 652
52
2
0
2368
0
0
6
30 190
6
3
102
33 024
102
101
112
173 523
112
1
78
507 841
78
69
2010
1 214 004
506 806
2 222 380
48
25 109
48
0
48
142 147
645 093
60 207
108 110
30 203
0
8
449 168
8
4
6
2032
6
5
5
27 850
5
5
85
28 311
85
83
78
173 367
78
13
128
421 295
128
127
2011
964 698
526 931
2 000 700
42
19 136
42
0
0
42
165 678
685 406
68 849
150 218
41 059
4
497 040
4
1
5
1046
5
4
3
18 268
3
3
33
209 239
33
15
376
337 830
376
157
2012
989 946
592 383
1 800 000
22
18 814
22
22
149 451
723 691
63 484
157 457
39 294
4
432 810
4
4
7
192
7
7
4
54 249
4
4
14
213 916
14
7
285
255 125
285
251
2013
1 207 771
579 038
788 281
489 468
21
6803
21
21
97 089
585 826
37 763
109 767
29 750
2
399 925
2
2
6
440
6
6
0
35 600
0
0
7
200 241
7
5
249
189 854
249
244
2014
South-East
Asia
European
WHO region
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Myanmar
Indonesia
India
Democratic
Peoples
Republic of
Korea
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan2
Country/
area

RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Confirmed with microscopy4
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
2 085 484
267592
1604573
267592
661 463
463 194
170 502
146 351
126 962
6396
66 522
1 353 386
66 522
-
90 389 019
86 790 375
2 031 790
256993
1880418
256993
581 560
381 610
120 083
48 686
100 063
7981
210 039
1 781 372
210 039
-
8
50 075
8
77
691 500
77
320 010
250 258
54 216
5982
65 974
5982
300 000
143 674
143 674
2 085 484
2001
24
50 105
24
126
735 164
126
437 838
360 300
55 599
5935
76 445
5935
204 428
90 582
2 031 790
2000
1 841 227
273793
1440302
273793
721 739
467 871
173 096
133 431
183 519
12 750
41 411
1 390 850
41 411
-
91 617 725
18
59 834
18
74
735 164
74
313 859
275 987
62 269
6511
74 696
6511
241 192
129 889
16 578
1 841 227
2002
1 869 403
223065
1224224
223065
716 806
481 201
177 530
196 605
196 223
9506
10 510
1 192 259
10 510
-
99 136 143
7
72 643
7
74
812 543
74
489 377
245 258
54 654
3806
61 246
3806
60 559
32 083
16 538
1 869 403
2003
1 915 363
304936
2445538
304936
602 888
432 581
152 070
140 687
158 044
4895
3720
1 198 181
3720
-
97 111 526
3
71 377
3
66
893 187
66
386 555
185 215
58 894
2670
54 892
2670
33 803
27 090
1 915 363
2004
1 816 569
315394
2113265
315394
516 041
437 387
165 737
178 056
188 930
5050
1640
974 672
1640
-
104 120 792
1
56 982
1
102
917 843
102
290 418
220 025
48 121
1825
60 152
1825
11 507
11 315
1 816 569
2005
2007
1
0
58 673
65 666
1
0
0
0
76
89
924 534
858 968
76
89
3
2
164 159
59 866
209 991
266 938
32 857
58 659
3199
1207
1868
793
66 079
51 446
1868
793
12 983
4795
7985
12 983
4795
1 785 109
1 508 927
106 606
86 355 000
703
1 785 109
1 508 927
- 8 500 000
347597
333792
1233334
1223686
347597
333792
538 110
520 887
485 251
512 862
203 071
216 510
499 725
157 448
166 474
135 809
166 476
135 809
4969
5621
591
198
1 076 121
1 047 104
591
198
-
2006
1 532 497
9 000 000
266277
1230495
266277
13314
634 280
499 296
223 174
543 941
223 899
153 331
153 331
3888
670
1 047 104
670
-
86 734 579
1
75 524
1
1
27
883 807
27
20
168 885
336 505
50 004
106 001
34 686
450
47 268
329
16 989
24 299
16 989
378
1 532 497
2008
2010
0
0
94 237
81 784
0
0
0
0
4
5
916 839
921 364
4
5
0
4
2
79 853
91 227
397 148
308 326
25 203
20 519
156 639
152 936
38 670
35 354
1421
487
62 341
54 709
972
436
14 845
13 520
34 818
25 147
14 845
13 520
213
1 563 574
1 599 986
103 396
108 679 429
076
1 563 574
1 599 986
9 100 000 10 600 000
418439
465764
1420795
1335445
418439
465764
20922
21964
591 492
693 124
381 424
275 374
164 965
103 285
599 216
729 878
271 103
317 523
123 903
96 383
150 230
102 977
3335
3115
17 887
779
558
736
909 632
1 001 107
558
736
52
2009
0
1
886 243
1
1
51 773
270 253
20 232
119 849
31 541
207
44 481
194
16 760
26 513
16 760
1 310 656
108 969
660
1 310 656
10 500 384
422447
962090
422447
31535
567 452
312 689
91 752
795 618
373 542
71 752
95 011
1910
25 353
1504
175
985 060
175
51
2011
1
805 761
1
1
29 518
253 887
4016
35 675
5885
82
42 512
82
0
23 537
39 238
21 850
0
0
0
1 067 824
109 033
790
1 067 824
13 125 480
417819
1429139
417819
29278
480 586
265 135
75 220
1 158 831
405 366
70 272
152 780
1659
22 472
433
93
948 250
93
70
2012
1 102 205
14 562 000
252027
1300835
252027
16410
152 195
93 842
11 952
797 071
140 243
122 874
127 130
1469
48 444
49
1 069 817
49
49
124 066 331
113 109 094

881 730
14 782 104
343527
1447980
343527
20352
315509
138 473
25 215
1 162 083
226 058
38 113
100 336
1197
32 989
777
95
1 236 580
95
95
1
812 347
1
1
10 216
78 719
3249
46 482
6967
48
33 586
48
29
11 212
38 201
10 535
0
0
0
1 102 205
2014
3
908 301
3
3
3864
74 755
1866
19 171
1998
45
31 632
45
23
15 673
71 453
14 407
0
0
0
881 730
2013
231
232
Western Pacific
South-East
Asia
WHO region
Solomon
Islands
Republic of
Korea
Philippines
Papua New
Guinea
Malaysia
Lao Peoples
Democratic
Republic
China
Cambodia
Timor-Leste
Thailand
Country/
area

Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
78 561
4 403 739
78 561
15 212
15 212
203 164
122 555
51 320
18 167
11 122
279 903
256 273
40 106
874 894
1 832 802
12 705
1 751 883
225 535
79 839
36 596
4183
368 913
300 806
68 107
-
2000
63 528
4 100 778
63 528
83 049
110 161
121 691
42 150
23 928
11 451
26 945
5 391 809
21 237
103 983
226 399
27 076
875 849
1 808 759
12 780
1 643 075
254 266
94 484
34 968
2556
373 838
297 345
76 493
-
2001
44 555
3 819 773
44 555
86 684
60 311
26 651
100 194
108 967
38 048
24 954
8854
172 200
5 641 752
25 520
556
85 192
245 916
21 420
842 683
1 761 721
11 019
1 587 580
227 387
75 748
37 005
1799
353 114
278 178
74 936
-
2002
37 355
3 256 939
37 355
33 411
83 785
33 411
119 712
106 330
42 234
54 024
29 031
169 828
4 635 132
28 491
621
88 657
256 534
18 894
754 540
1 632 024
6338
1 650 662
205 103
72 620
48 441
1171
208 364
300 591
92 227
-
2003
26 690
3 012 710
26 690
202 662
79 459
39 164
91 855
99 593
37 389
51 359
22 356
145 676
4 212 559
27 197
1714
53 808
181 259
16 183
678 952
1 577 387
6154
1 868 413
222 903
91 055
50 850
864
412 251
321 954
90 297
-
2004
29 782
2 524 788
29 782
130 679
97 781
43 093
67 036
88 991
26 914
58 791
22 522
100 106
3 814 715
21 936
2632
30 359
156 954
13 615
573 788
1 425 997
5569
1 788 318
267 132
92 957
46 342
581 871
12 125
1369
393 288
316 898
76 390
-
2005
30 294
2 280 070
30 294
164 413
96 485
37 896
89 109
94 460
33 010
102 590
45 686
116 260
3 995 227
35 383
2097
20 468
113 165
8093
95 676
10 289
590 945
1 388 267
5294
1 676 681
223 464
88 817
10 756
5121
35 405
378 535
18 171
2051
403 892
328 555
75 337
-
2006
33 178
2 041 733
33 178
121 905
114 283
46 869
32 027
5944
59 848
135 731
22 081
46 989
20 437
133 699
3 958 190
29 304
1192
20 364
159 002
6371
113 694
11 087
551 586
1 565 033
5456
1 618 699
239 956
82 979
7643
3976
36 235
403 415
36 235
4839
2227
2227
150 126
311 447
65 404
-
2007
28 569
1 910 982
26 150
20 786
2419
143 594
92 870
45 973
30 134
5287
58 887
130 995
20 347
51 036
21 777
135 467
4 316 976
16 650
780
19 347
168 027
4965
143 368
14 382
588 489
1 562 148
7390
873
1 606 843
240 686
81 657
5955
2795
23 655
278 652
23 655
1052
1052
102 140
276 639
40 535
-
2008
29 462
1 816 383
23 327
68 437
6135
108 434
96 828
41 824
41 132
5703
83 777
96 886
24 999
94 788
39 596
14 598
4 637 168
9287
22 800
173 459
5508
84 511
9166
7010
1 565 982
7010
584
1 431 395
128 335
62 845
25 150
14 913
19 316
352 006
19 316
1345
1345
36
84 078
231 221
33 002
-
2009
32 480
1 695 980
22 969
81 997
9511
119 072
109 806
40 250
85 643
7887
49 356
90 175
14 277
103 035
35 079
7855
7 115 784
4990
23 047
150 512
4524
127 790
16 276
6650
1 619 074
6650
831
1 379 787
198 742
75 985
20 820
17 971
19 106
301 031
18 560
1772
1772
56
95 006
212 329
35 373
17 300
4331
-
2010
24 897
1 354 215
14 478
96 670
10 419
36 064
82 175
19 739
127 272
57 423
86 526
13 792
130 186
43 631
4498
9 189 270
3367
17 904
213 578
6226
7743
11 609
5306
1 600 439
5306
1142
1 151 343
184 466
70 603
27 391
13 457
9617
327 060
9552
838
838
64
80 859
182 847
23 202
17 457
3455
-
2011
32 569
1 130 757
32 569
6148
64 318
5211
117 599
45 553
80 212
10 124
108 974
30 352
2678
6 918 657
2603
2399
46 819
223 934
13 232
145 425
32 970
4725
1 566 872
4725
924
878 371
156 495
67 202
228 857
82 993
8154
332 063
7133
555
555
47
57 296
202 620
21 904
13 987
2479
-
2012
41 362
1 830 090
33 302
1042
56 192
1025
121 991
24 130
54 716
4598
94 600
16 711
4121
5 554 960
4086
4007
41 385
202 422
10 036
133 337
28 095
3850
1 576 012
3850
865
1 125 808
139 972
70 658
468 380
209 336
7720
317 360
5826
1523
688
443
443
50
53 270
191 137
21 540
26 216
4069
-
2013
37 921
1 756 528
37 921
342
30 515
342
86 592
0
26 278
48 591
5288
92 525
19 864
2921
4 403 633
2921
2864
48 071
133 916
8018
160 626
40 053
3923
1 443 958
3923
766
644 688
83 257
68 114
475 654
213 068
4903
286 222
3618
28 598
1285
638
638
78
51 649
173 900
13 865
26 658
4539
-
2014
Country/
area
2001
33 779
19 493
31 668
36 576
6768
7647
274 910
188 122
2 682 862
2 821 440
74 316
68 699
10 000
2000
2001
33178671 44481658
9312314
7602649
248086
261964
1181104
982778
3871042
3999981
3828225
3378990
51619442 60708020
2000
35 151
54 234
14 339
151 961
2 856 539
47 807
94 000
2002
47844356
8228975
259365
895134
3704402
3366879
64299111
2002
43 386
54 524
15 240
135 989
2 738 600
38 790
2003
69120148
8200465
307254
889993
3640897
3220750
85379507
2003
42 008
53 524
14 653
108 350
2 694 854
24 909
2004
74251865
4528808
279279
909466
3619974
3453027
87042419
2004
34 912
61 092
9834
84 473
2 728 481
19 496
2005
75645235
7117410
219219
1050744
3291911
3119991
90444510
2005
30 067
40 625
8055
74 766
2 842 429
22 637
130 000
2006
75736127
7137177
177431
921236
3211598
3039644
90223213
2006
RDT, rapid diagnostic test

Cases reported before 2000 can be presumed and confirmed or only confirmed cases depending on the country.
2 Armenia, Morocco and Turkmenistan are certified malaria free countries, but are included in this listing for historical purposes
3 There is no local transmission
4 Combined microscopy and RDT positive cases

Microscopy examined
Vanuatu
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Microscopy examined
Viet Nam
RDT examined
Confirmed with RDT
Imported cases
Regional summary (Presumed and confimed malaria cases)
African
European
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Total
Western Pacific
WHO region
20 215
38 214
5471
59 601
3 634 060
16 389
78 294
2007
79810658
8348266
160033
788428
2720150
2652600
94480135
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
24 279
22 271
16 831
5764
3435
2381
982
30 267
24 813
29 180
19 183
16 981
15 219
18 135
3473
3615
4013
2077
733
767
190
1639
2065
10 246
12 529
16 292
13 724
17 435
292
574
4156
2743
2702
1614
792
51 668
49 186
54 297
45 588
43 717
35 406
27 868
1 297 365
2 829 516
2 760 119
2 791 917
2 897 730
2 684 996
2 357 536
11 355
16 130
17 515
16 612
19 638
17 128
15 752
72 087
44 647
7017
491 373
514 725
412 530
416 483
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
71715909 94061289 103145240 100205022 110913398 124458213 126256273
8459131
7217208
6370339
5954143
5850635
4948628
5302187
158507
451
356
311
422
317
265
565443
573032
678386
493915
469577
434398
389660
2945542
2931981
3112779
2502183
2128448
1640960
1689089
2611827
1735776
1653707
1379140
1091303
1298514
811921
86456359 106519737 114960807 110534714 120453783 132781030 134449395
2008
233
234
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
Algeria
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Angola
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Benin
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Botswana
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Burkina Faso
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Burundi
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Cabo Verde
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Cameroon
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Chad
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Comoros
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Congo
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Cte dIvoire
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Equatorial Guinea
No Pv
No Other
WHO region
African
27 733
261
277
2 080 348
71 555
3 428 846
6843
144
0
89 614
442 246
20 977
19 101
967 484
889
-
2000
26 411
247
181
1 249 767
717 290
48 281
382 593
0
3 542 424
7141
107
0
140 742
456 075
19 520
18 767
1 193 288
2 200 960
1517
-
2001
18 803
188
116
1 862 662
782 818
28 907
1 221 666
0
2 829 030
8022
76
0
517 760
21 959
21 974
1 109 751
2 642 137
1727
-
2002
17 059
313
111
3 246 258
819 256
23 657
1 474 440
0
2 490 095
6001
68
0
78 094
514 918
21 532
23 663
1 136 810
4 389 020
2418
6
-
2003
16 686
71
92
2 489 170
853 034
22 404
1 581 262
0
1 994 514
9833
45
0
129 367
481 287
665
695
43 918
1 275 138
4 136 150
2659
7
-
2004
18 392
242
57
2 329 316
803 462
11 242
1 667 622
0
2 910 545
7902
68
0
277 413
131 856
507 617
14 770
16 898
29 554
1 280 914
6 337 168
2844
110
-
2005
13 869
91
24
2 283 097
106 400
861 847
23 514
2 138 649
0
2 760 683
283 950
8729
160
0
634 507
114 403
269 094
21 354
23 801
54 830
157 757
1 253 408
5 011 688
2043
3
-
2006
14 745
261
24
3 157 924
475 900
1 171 522
30 906
381
2 570 507
0
2 796 362
482 060
8902
36
0
0
604 153
119 477
535 428
24 282
24 006
53 511
210 263
103 213
0
0
1 277 670
4 163 310
1885
7
26 068
5842
-
2007
11 964
186
10
0
4 713 776
542 916
1 147 005
41 153
914
3 892 138
0
2 565 593
371 986
9033
70
0
0
1 650 749
152 260
495 401
24 015
23 742
46 426
243 703
117 291
0
0
1 359 788
5 929 093
1254
27
72 080
7883
-
2008
2009
2010
2011
15 635
12 224
11 974
88
401
179
6
4
12
0
3
0
5 232 136 4 591 529 4 469 357
1 256 708 1 432 095 1 565 487
534 590
68 745
0
0
0
0
32 460
12 196
1141
951
1046
432
4 675 363 6 037 806 5 446 870
3 413 317 5 590 736 4 768 314
21 913
47
26 508
65
47
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 883 199
1 845 691 3 060 040
175 210
66 484
221 980
623 839
743 471
528 454
64 489
159 976
135 248
5771
33 791
21 387
79
528
334
132
880
557
260 888
446 656
277 263
92 855
37 744
0
0
0
1 874 733
1 721 461 2 607 856
8 929 758 10 568 756 12 018 784
0
0
0
0
0
0
90 081
83 639
40 704
11 603
53 813
22 466
-
Annex 6C Reported malaria cases by species, 20002014

15 790
860
24
4 849 418
1 875 386
0
0
0
308
386
7 852 299
4 228 015
8715
36
0
0
2 865 319
468 986
730 364
168 043
43 681
637
117 640
120 319
0
3 423 623
11 993 189
0
0
45 792
15 169
-
2012
12 762
550
30
23
5 273 305
2 041 444
506
912
7 857 296
7 384 501
10 621
46
0
3 652 609
491 074
1 272 841
185 779
46 032
72
363
209 169
43 232
0
0
5 982 151
14 871 716
4 103 745
0
0
44 561
13 129
-
2013
8690
203
50
13
6 134 471
1 955 773
1485
1346
9 274 530
7 622 162
6894
46
0
3 709 906
625 301
295 088
0
0
1 737 195
103 545
2203
0
0
290 346
66 323
0
0
6 418 571
14 647 380
57 129
17 452
-
2014
African
WHO region
Mozambique
Mayotte, France
Mauritania
Mali
Malawi
Madagascar
Liberia
Kenya
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Ghana
Gambia
Gabon
Ethiopia
Eritrea
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
127 024
50 810
3 349 528
816 539
4800
246 316
4 216 531
1 417 112
3 646 212
546 634
-
2000
138 667
8994
722
3 014 879
233 218
157 625
132 918
53 167
481 590
3 044 844
851 877
6238
202 379
3 262 931
1 411 107
3 823 796
612 896
243 942
-
2001
121 011
5335
743
3 617 056
262 623
164 772
157 440
62 976
620 767
3 140 893
850 147
16 561
194 976
3 342 993
1 621 399
2 784 001
723 077
224 614
-
2002
107 599
8998
1348
4 129 225
291 402
171 387
166 321
58 212
540 165
3 552 896
731 911
4378
162 344
5 395 518
39 383
2 228 721
3 358 960
809 428
318 120
792
-
2003
65 025
3480
639
5 904 132
396 621
178 676
230 246
70 075
395 043
3 416 033
876 837
103 069
187 910
7 577 208
28 328
1 489 944
2 871 098
1 969 214
224 840
743
-
2004
64 056
7506
1567
4 727 209
374 335
158 658
294 348
70 644
329 426
3 452 969
850 309
50 452
204 555
9 181 224
66 043
44 875
1 260 575
3 688 389
962 706
223 472
500
-
2005
49 703
5750
791
3 375 994
293 326
149 020
214 985
33 458
427 598
3 511 452
834 835
41 228
168 462
8 926 058
1 455 807
761 095
1 111 192
4 498 949
1 022 592
217 977
392
375
3
2
-
2006
80 428
9057
6508
0
2 844 963
280 106
171 710
287 969
45 186
439 798
3 123 147
457 424
0
19 060
888 643
28 646
160 305
12 855
9 610 691
835 082
80 373
0
0
894 213
4 786 045
1 291 853
222 476
421
414
0
1
6 155 082
-
2007
62 449
5932
2832
0
3 060 407
285 261
173 300
298 150
40 701
508 846
3 349 781
918 105
0
38 254
657 003
33 405
168 326
839 903
839 903
994 560
157 920
0
0
589 202
5 185 082
1 045 424
202 297
346
335
4
7
4 831 491
-
2008
77 946
3389
3244
0
4 335 001
640 878
287 114
0
114 766
187
23
0
479 409
5 489 798
924 095
0
38 504
812 471
20 932
170 255
8 123 689
1 200 320
212 657
0
0
717 982
6 183 816
1 633 423
181 935
352
326
8
20
4 310 086
-
2009
96 792
9848
3989
57
5 420 110
806 577
390 252
0
233 770
2212
720
2015
492 062
64 108
5 056 851
926 447
0
102 937
1 092 554
20 936
195 006
7 557 454
898 531
3 087 659
212 927
0
0
719 967
6 851 108
3 324 238
250 073
2023
386
10
31
6 097 263
878 009
-
2010
2012
2013
97 479
138 982
134 183
10 357
12 467
13 873
4932
9204
7361
19
83
5 487 972 5 962 646 9 243 894
814 547
946 595
1 687 163
958 291
665 813
745 983
178 822
238 483
256 531
26 432
0
0
261 967
862 442
889 494
190 379
271 038
175 126
5 067 731 12 578 946 8 444 417
593 518 3 755 166
1 629 198
0
0
0
31 238
0
0
1 276 057 1 220 574
775 341
5450
191 421
63 353
0
0
300 233
237 398
238 580
13 127 058 12 883 521 14 677 837
1 002 805
1 453 471 2 335 286
2 887 105 2 441 800 2 202 213
577 641 1 407 455 1 244 220
0
0
805 701
980 262
1 071 310
5 734 906 6 528 505 5 787 441
- 1 564 984 1 280 892
2 628 593
2 171 739 2 849 453
162 820
172 374
135 985
1214
1463
82
86
70
77
1
5
2
0
4
7 059 112
6 170 561 8 200 849
663 132
927 841 2 998 874
-
2011
121 755
23 953
6780
35
7 457 765
1 250 110
868 705
256 183
26 117
0
1570
603 424
99 976
10 636 057
3 415 912
0
0
1 595 828
660 207
309 939
15 142 723
2 808 931
2 433 086
864 204
0
0
977 228
7 703 651
2 905 310
2 590 643
188 194
15
13
1
1
12 626 716
7 117 648
-
2014
Annex 6C Reported malaria cases by species, 20002014
235
236
African
WHO region
Zanzibar
Mainland
United Republic of Tanzania2
Uganda
Togo
Swaziland
South Sudan1
South Africa
Sierra Leone
Senegal
Rwanda
Nigeria
Niger
Namibia
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
2 476 608
66 250
1 134 587
44 959
460 881
64 624
29 374
0
3 552 859
81442
17734
81 442
17 734
-
2000
538 512
1 340 142
2 253 519
1 329 106
84 993
974 256
14 261
450 605
2206
0
26 506
237 712
35 582
1395
0
498 826
5 624 032
404893
18385
324 584
80 309
18 385
-
2001
2002
2003
445 803
468 259
888 345
681 783
2 605 381 2 608 479
1 519 315
1 735 774
94 249
86 546
1 000 310 1 472 764
15 261
28 272
514 033
533 340
3702
3945
0
0
15 649
13 459
462 056
646 673
23 456
19 425
670
342
0
0
583 872
490 256
8 079 963 10 422 022
546 015
785 748
494245 13792604
16983
15705
415 293 13 715 090
78 952
77 514
16 983
15 705
-
610 799
766 502
53 637
3 310 229
1 915 990
105 341
1 240 918
23 171
358 417
2206
0
13 399
515 958
11 320
574
0
516 942
11 697 824
861 451
15007921
11936
14 937 115
70 806
11 936
-
2004
2005
339 204
889 986
74 129
3 532 108
2 409 080
73 050
1 418 091
38 746
243 082
3702
0
7755
337 582
10 374
279
0
437 662
10 869 875
1 082 223
16740283
7628
16 679 237
61 046
7628
-
2006
265 595
982 245
44 612
3 982 372
2 379 278
60 819
1 645 494
49 366
172 707
3945
0
14 456
116 473
11 637
155
0
566 450
11 539 146
850 050
12821375
1585
12 775 877
45 498
1585
-
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
172 024
155 399
102 956
39 855
74 407
10 844
34 002
1092
505
556
335
194
136
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 677 661 4 493 676 4 719 439 10 616 033 3 637 778
5 915 671 5 533 601
54 515
60 998
77 484
618 578
778 819 2 207 459 2 352 422
0
0
0
0
1113
1245
1581
5102
2 969 950 2 834 174 4 295 686 3 873 463 5 221 656 11 789 970 21 659 831
523 513
2 318 079 2 096 061 3 186 306 2 708 973
1 602 271 3 095 386 3 064 585
316 242
698 745
638 669
208 858
483 470
962 618
0
0
0
0
49 298
179 061
119 877
58 961
117 279
126 897
108 634
2219
6363
10 700
9242
14
4
1
1
0
6
0
1 337 550 1 031 000
947 514 1 043 632
900 903
897 943
1 119 100
118 332
194 234
19 614
343 670
277 326
281 080
345 889
0
0
0
0
653 987
1 014 160 1 415 330 2 327 928
1 150 747 2 579 296 2 576 550
273 149
218 473
25 511 1 537 322
1 701 958
6327
7796
6117
276 669
382 434
152 561
603 932
2193
6906
4565
8645
0
0
14
5
5
15
0
101 008
201 036
325 634
900 283
795 784
1 125 039 1 855 501
112 024
6338
5881
6624
1722
797
626
669
84
58
106
87
130
345
487
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
914 590
1 193 316 1 304 772
1 419 928
893 588
1 311 047
1 442 571
220 521
344 098
191 357
224 080
237 282
260 526
272 855
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
195
7
23
8
13 281 631 13 020 439 14 397 480 15 332 293 12 522 232 16 845 771 26 145 615
1 045 378
979 298
1 301 337
1 612 783
231 873 2 662 258 5 518 853
0
0
15 812
0
0
0
0
0
11387904 11795223 13018946 15388319 15299205 14513120 14650226
293
77
211
2338
4489
215567
71705
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11 355 047 11 473 817 12 752 090 15 116 242 14 843 487 13 976 370 14 122 269
212 636
69 459
32 857
321 406
266 856
272 077
455 718
536 750
527 957
293
77
211
2338
4489
2931
2246
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2007
186 972
15 914
0
0
7 014 724
3 906 588
0
19 555 575
4 178 206
1 623 176
0
0
91 445
1754
0
0
1 079 536
265 624
0
0
2 647 375
1 374 476
0
0
543 196
11 563
0
0
711
710
1
1 756 700
1 130 234
0
17
19 201 136
3 631 939
0
0
25190092
107883
0
0
24 880 179
106 609
309 913
1274
0
0
2014
Region of the
Americas
African
WHO region
Guyana
Guatemala
El Salvador
Ecuador
Dominican Republic
Costa Rica
Colombia
Brazil
Belize
Bahamas3
Argentina
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
2000
3 337 796
7949
1
439
22
18 559
20
1466
143 990
2536
28 932
1
2 562 576
131 616
478 212
932
478 820
51 730
92 702
61 261
12
1867
427 297
1226
7
544 646
48 974
55 624
279 072
9
744
48 162
3265
657
214
246 642
1474
50 171
36
209 197
12 324
11 694
-
2001
3 838 402
6685
0
215
4
18 173
6
1156
122 933
808
14 957
2 274 610
81 907
306 396
574
747 079
100 242
130 991
43 053
1
1362
411 431
1034
4
538 757
37 491
71 412
111 830
2
360
44 718
3166
657
198 114
1044
34 772
211 221
12 831
14 291
-
2002
3 760 335
5043
0
125
1
15 480
0
1134
137 509
727
13 549
2 118 491
81 014
267 245
826
686 635
88 972
115 944
35
17 738
2
1008
391 216
1292
4
403 225
20 015
66 742
115 378
0
117
44 718
2707
954
160
197 113
1841
33 695
175 966
10 599
11 296
-
2003
4 346 172
3977
0
122
34
15 480
0
1084
158 299
793
17 319
2231
2 009 414
88 174
320 378
298
640 453
75 730
105 226
9622
14
704
349 717
1528
1
433 244
10 724
41 341
102 053
2
83
32 402
3080
759
156 227
1310
29 817
185 877
12 970
14 654
3
2004
4 078 234
1 815 470
3018
0
115
17
2
0
0
17 358
6
1060
2
168 307
695
14 215
2 194 780
110 422
354 366
216
562 681
55 158
87 083
11
9204
5
1284
322 948
2353
2
357 633
5891
22 839
94 819
1
111
32 402
2437
600
148 729
852
28 103
151 938
12 226
16 141
446
2005
4 121 356
1 494 518
3018
1
251
9
1
0
0
25 119
32
1517
208 021
1080
19 062
2 660 539
155 169
450 687
211
493 562
43 472
78 157
17
12 767
3
3538
397 108
3829
8
358 361
2212
14 836
102 479
2
65
32 402
1777
1637
71
178 726
1062
38 641
48
210 429
16 438
21 255
1291
2006
4 731 338
1 313 458
6353
1
211
546
25 755
10
834
214 616
1785
17 210
2 959 489
145 858
403 383
228
451 240
46 147
73 949
24 498
32
2667
446 839
3519
6
318 132
1596
8267
113 754
1
48
32 402
1847
2227
27
168 958
804
30 289
202 688
9818
10 560
686
2007
4 248 295
1 272 731
6353
2
385
6
22 134
0
845
0
181 816
1622
12 988
2 986 381
93 591
364 912
149
589 755
54 509
70 753
19
22 641
11
1212
435 649
2708
3
352 426
1158
7306
95 857
2
38
0
32 402
845
1804
23
132 410
196
15 182
178 005
4677
6712
267
2008
3 080 301
1 089 322
5157
0
130
35
14
0
1
25 550
0
540
0
164 826
836
8912
0
2 726 433
49 358
266 300
80
493 135
22 392
56 838
917
17 304
0
966
0
381 010
1839
1
0
387 558
396
4495
97 872
1
32
0
11 994
406
925
10
175 678
50
7148
10
137 247
5741
5927
147
2009
2 976 395
867 135
86
0
86
0
0
26 051
1
255
0
133 614
574
8660
0
2 711 062
50 933
258 271
112
436 366
22 141
57 111
0
4829
1
261
0
353 336
1643
0
0
451 732
551
3569
0
83 031
1
19
0
20 065
424
789
6
156 652
56
7024
169 309
7542
6029
102
2010
4 229 839
912 618
249 379
2547
72
0
27 272
27 366
1
149
0
140 857
1592
13 694
0
2 711 433
51 048
283 435
183
521 342
34 334
83 255
48
15 599
2
112
0
495 637
2480
2
0
488 830
258
1630
0
115 256
2
22
0
14 373
1548
476
5
237 075
35
7163
212 863
14 401
8402
132
2011
2012
4 607 908 4 695 400

480 011
727 174
319 935
276 963
0
7872
7027
0
0
18
4
0
0
31 013
4985
22 996
20 789
1
1
78
36
0
0
150 662
132 904
543
396
7635
8141
0
0
2 477 821 2 349 341
35 706
40 159
231 368
203 018
143
105
418 159
416 767
15 404
17 778
44 701
51 467
16
9
10 690
7485
4
1
13
5
0
2
477 555
506 583
1614
950
2
2
0
0
460 785
459 157
296
80
937
478
0
0
100 884
124 885
3
3
12
18
0
0
14 429
13 638
1080
763
339
257
5
2
195 080
186 645
67
68
6707
5278
0
201 693
196 622
20 309
20 329
9066
11 244
96
83
2013
5 465 122
1 115 005
422 633
4913
0
4
0
10 605
25 351
0
26
0
144 049
1014
7398
0
1 893 797
35 201
143 050
32
327 081
21 060
37 862
11
16 774
1
4
1
502 683
576
3
0
397 628
161
217
0
103 748
0
7
0
22 327
1092
337
153 731
152
6062
0
205 903
17 425
13 953
101
7 859 740
1 420 946
535 931
5691
0
4
24 122
0
19
124 900
341
7060
0
1 670 019
24 654
118 724
37
403 532
20 634
20 129
5
4420
3
2
1
416 729
491
5
0
370 825
49
199
106 915
0
8
14 651
348
98
2
314 294
92
4839
0
142 843
5140
7173
41
2014
Annex 6C Reported malaria cases by species, 20002014 (continued)
237
238
Eastern
Mediterranean
Region of the
Americas
WHO region
21 190
16 897
0
175 577
1446
33 679
874
2 003 569
131
7259
509 443
1369
22 645
149 702
45
991
97 026
0
6853
1 483 816
20 631
47 690
13
63 377
10 648
1673
811
261 866
5491
24 829
1
366 865
5115
89 240
17
0
0
2546
-
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Honduras
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Jamaica3
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Mexico
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Nicaragua
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Panama
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Paraguay
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Peru
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Suriname
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Afghanistan
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Djibouti
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Egypt3
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
Iraq3
No Pv
No Other
2000
Suspected
Haiti
Country/area
9837
0
174 430
938
23 211
596
4
2
1
1 857 233
69
4927
482 919
1194
9304
156 589
39
889
71 708
4
2706
1 417 423
17 698
61 680
11
67 369
13 217
1229
1549
198 000
2705
17 224
8
9
2158
17 145
0
-
51 067
2001
0
178 616
606
16 617
725
1 852 553
19
4605
491 689
995
6700
165 796
337
1907
99 338
1
2777
1
1 582 385
21 184
78 000
10
68 070
11 140
1648
1388
278 205
2533
26 907
12
84 528
330 083
0
8
2
0
2382
13 176
0
-
2002
0
137 891
540
13 583
394
1 565 155
44
3775
448 913
1213
5525
166 807
627
3873
126 582
4
1388
1 485 012
19 167
66 588
13
43 241
8782
1047
1153
344 236
5394
26 111
46
44 243
316 697
0
44
1
0
4475
19 087
0
1
346
0
2003
10 802
0
145 082
834
16 425
3879
1 454 575
49
3357
492 319
1200
5699
171 179
882
4213
97 246
1
693
1 438 925
20 905
72 676
10
56 975
6738
915
726
420 165
4230
41 972
63
280 301
12 789
229 233
0
39
4
0
1380
12 441
0
1
154
0
30 440
2004
2005
21 778
0
153 474
998
15 011
2470
1 559 076
22
2945
516 313
1114
5498
208 582
766
2901
85 942
0
376
1 438 925
15 058
72 611
59 855
6931
1611
589
420 165
5725
38 985
38
548 503
5917
110 527
0
3969
413
0
0
23
0
0
2219
16 747
0
0
47
0
3 541 506
32 739
0
125 162
767
11 156
6821
1 345 915
16
2498
476 144
336
2784
212 254
62
1601
111 361
2
821
1 438 925
8437
56 488
45 722
2331
733
225
479 708
6576
30 111
23
789 186
6216
79 913
0
1796
0
0
27
2
0
1199
14 710
0
0
24
0
87 951
2006
29 824
1
130 255
813
9700
199
1 430 717
4
2357
537 637
106
1250
0
204 193
48
1233
92 339
2
1337
1 438 925
7766
43 031
33 992
547
509
14
396 338
7724
33 621
51
869 144
6283
85 919
0
7945
210
0
0
28
2
0
1390
14 322
0
0
3
0
142 518
2007
36 768
6
119 484
610
7758
30 732
21
1
1 246 780
0
2357
543 173
61
701
0
200 574
4
740
96 313
7
333
861 290
4768
33 895
7
29 911
838
639
17
414 137
5127
26 437
60
935 043
4355
77 219
0
6305
119
0
0
76
4
0
1123
10 337
0
1
5
0
168 950
2008
2009
49 535
0
0
108 529
1382
7939
0
34 149
18
4
1
1 240 087
1
2702
0
553 717
93
517
0
158 481
3
775
0
64 660
10
81
0
892 990
4044
32 976
2
34 836
929
895
18
370 258
7944
27 002
50
847 666
4026
60 854
0
81
13
0
637
5485
0
0
1
0
270 438
2010
84 153
0
0
152 961
986
8759
0
10 763
1 192 081
7
1226
0
554 414
154
538
0
141 038
20
398
0
62 178
5
22
0
744 650
2374
29 169
3
17 133
721
817
36
400 495
10 915
32 710
60
847 589
6142
63 255
0
1010
0
0
82
3
0
421
2610
0
3
4
0
270 427
2011
32 969
0
0
152 604
619
7044
0
5042
1 035 424
6
1124
0
536 105
150
775
0
116 588
1
353
0
48 611
7
3
0
702 952
3018
22 018
3
16 184
331
382
17
382 303
10 633
34 651
6
936 252
5581
71 968
0
354
107
9
0
571
2668
0
4
7
0
184 934
25 423
0
0
155 165
584
5865
0
3687
1 025 659
9
833
0
552 722
236
999
0
107 711
1
843
0
31 499
11
4
0
759 285
3501
28 164
7
21 685
126
167
2
410 663
13 302
39 478
23
847 933
1231
53 609
0
1412
20
0
0
180
26
0
144
1418
0
0
8
0
167 772
2012
20 378
0
0
144 673
1199
4293
0
1 017 508
4
495
0
536 170
220
974
0
93 624
6
699
0
24 806
9
2
1
864 648
6843
36 285
11
19 736
569
359
0
476 764
27 659
50 938
46
787 624
1877
43 369
0
0
0
0
243
19
0
299
1073
1
1
7
0
20 586
2013
17 662
0
0
151 420
601
2881
0
900 578
6
658
620 977
163
1000
0
80 701
8
866
0
24 832
7
1
866 047
10 282
54 394
26 964
216
158
0
522 617
27 843
62 850
15
743 183
3000
58 362
39 284
259
54
134
1109
0
2
-
258 817
2014
European
Eastern
Mediterranean
WHO region
Turkmenistan4
Turkey
Tajikistan
Russian Federation3
Kyrgyzstan3
Georgia3
Azerbaijan
Armenia4
Yemen
Syrian Arab Republic3
Sudan
Somalia
Saudi Arabia
Pakistan
Oman
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
328
366
12
571
1
140
0
527 688
0
1526
0
173
0
245
0
70 500
0
12
0
795
60
233 785
831
18 233
0
1 597 290
7
11 424
50 105
0
24
0
2000
299
336
16
7 024 978
41 771
83 504
0
2360
678
14
269
0
79
0
536 260
1
1056
0
3575
0
438
0
72 020
0
28
0
898
248 565
826
10 561
0
1 550 521
11
10 799
50 075
0
8
0
2001
275
315
9
7 530 636
32 591
75 046
0
1999
567
102 540
15 732
0
0
6
667 794
73 667
1659
278
0
52
0
507 252
0
506
0
6145
1
473
0
69 807
1
2742
0
642
48
244 632
509
5651
0
1 320 010
12
10 209
59 834
0
18
0
2002
312
428
13
8 662 496
39 944
85 176
1234
462
28 356
7571
0
0
8
612 693
47 782
1474
223
4
25
0
536 822
0
482
0
5457
2
314
0
144 070
0
468
0
533
51
296 123
252
5176
0
1 187 814
12
9209
72 643
0
7
0
2003
166
449
8
6 074 739
32 761
93 385
0
55 423
11 436
0
0
9
611 552
47 306
1297
393
2
45
0
545 145
0
386
0
3365
1
255
0
79 895
0
93
0
382
43
272 743
151
3437
0
1 158 673
13
5289
0
71 377
0
3
0
2004
159
385
6
8 671 271
42 056
85 748
0
63 770
12 516
0
0
17
629 380
42 627
1442
411
0
7
0
515 144
0
242
0
5169
0
155
0
114 316
0
226
0
205
31
216 197
81
2228
0
1 042 509
32
2052
0
56 982
0
1
0
2005
102
341
2
8 680 304
37 837
86 999
984
280
16 430
0
0
27
962 017
53 887
1019
460
0
0
0
498 697
0
143
0
4400
1
59
0
74 729
1
318
0
143
41
175 894
28
1316
0
934 839
29
767
0
58 673
0
1
0
2006
2008
95
95
602
870
2
1
9 330 723 8 330 040
39 871
24 586
88 699
79 868
15
36
2349
833
515
658
0
0
120 060
16 058
36 167
617
738
0
0
35
46
740 940
900 735
65 268
42 796
2339
745
0
4
1315
31 231
1
1
0
0
0
0
465 033
408 780
2
1
109
72
0
0
3400
4398
0
1
7
24
1
0
62 444
40 833
0
0
96
18
0
0
35 784
28 340
43
47
76
46
4
3
159 232
158 068
7
2
628
316
0
0
775 502
616 570
29
23
329
191
0
1
65 666
75 524
0
0
0
1
0
0
2007
162
718
2
7 973 246
37 084
95 604
0
1649
672
12
106 341
24 698
504
0
38
1
0
899 320
52 853
589
3
31 467
0
0
0
451 436
0
80
0
4120
5
1
1
33 983
0
4
0
27 382
62
40
5
165 266
1
164
0
606 875
16
65
3
94 237
0
0
0
2009
143
1039
3
8 601 835
73 857
143 136
0
894
1023
24
220 698
5629
0
0
22
0
3
835 018
77 301
966
2
31 026
1
0
0
456 652
2
50
0
2368
0
0
0
30 190
0
6
0
33 024
63
34
5
173 523
1
111
0
507 841
50
28
0
81 784
0
0
0
2010
101
1422
0
8 418 570
73 925
205 879
0
1050
1719
19
99 403
37
9
0
804 940
59 696
478
33
449 168
2
6
0
2032
3
3
0
27 850
1
4
0
28 311
39
40
6
173 367
5
73
0
421 295
97
30
1
-
2011
87
1963
1
8 902 947
97 996
228 215
0
1279
2088
70 459
40
1
1
891 394
109 504
398
497 040
1
3
0
1046
3
2
0
18 268
1
2
0
209 239
2
31
0
337 830
131
243
-
2012
85
1366
0
7 752 797
56 573
283 661
0
974
1527
6
85 174
21
1
0
927 821
102 369
408
0
432 810
4
0
192
6
1
54 249
1
3
213 916
1
13
255 125
191
94
-
2013
134
865
2
8 514 341
42 817
232 332
0
1155
1144
6
79 653
1 207 771
21
0
725 169
67 274
239
0
399 925
2
0
440
6
0
35 600
0
0
200 241
0
7
189 854
204
41
4
-
2014
239
240
Western Pacific
South-East Asia
European
WHO region
Malaysia
China
Cambodia
Timor-Leste
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Myanmar
Indonesia
India
Democratic Peoples Republic

of Korea
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Uzbekistan3
Country/area
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
735 164
1
125
0
742 539
39 475
16 124
76 445
2738
3197
204 428
86 790
375
1 047 218
984 572
3178212
100 716
156 277
843 087
95 499
21 802
140 768
560
7056
1 781 372
59 650
150 389
4 403 739
43 717
37 975
15 212
281 444
46 150
4505
496 070
38 271
1689
2 694 991
6000
5953
-
2000
2001
691 500
0
77
0
516 052
39 274
14 942
65 974
2915
2805
300 000
0
115 615
90 389
019
1 005 236
1 080 248
2737927
82 927
184 665
954 155
130 029
35 783
266 917
428
6216
1 353 386
10 600
55 922
4 100 778
29 061
34 467
83 049
202 179
37 105
4408
5 397 517
3732
17 295
303 306
25 851
1204
2 671 828
5643
6315
857 101
1 012 302
2482906
74 968
148 097
1 020 477
138 178
35 151
383 322
1195
8200
1 192 259
1273
9237
3 256 939
19 024
18 331
83 785
33 411
15 392
208 801
36 338
5179
4 776 469
3497
24 852
326 297
18 307
574
2 380 226
2756
3127
-
99 136 143
91 617 725
897 446
943 781
2660674
93 419
180 374
1 016 514
133 187
35 030
304 200
2165
10 621
1 390 850
4848
36 563
3 819 773
20 389
24 166
120 344
26 651
11 148
187 213
33 010
4386
5 788 432
5753
19 581
309 688
20 696
712
2 593 385
5486
4921
-
812 543
0
74
0
679 981
41 356
13 298
61 246
1518
2126
76 104
0
16 538
-
2003
735 164
1
72
527 577
46 418
15 851
74 696
3207
3015
354 503
0
98 852
-
2002
890 152
1 025 211
2445538
123 962
180 974
883 399
114 523
34 045
293 836
743
3892
1 198 181
549
3171
3 012 710
13 371
13 319
242 957
39 164
16 158
183 062
31 129
5709
4 331 038
3879
23 138
218 884
15 648
491
2 250 185
2496
3167
-
97 111 526
893 187
0
66
0
512 876
46 402
12 492
54 892
966
1580
33 803
0
15 827
-
2004
917 843
0
102
0
462 322
37 679
10 442
60 152
853
871
11 507
0
6728
104 120
792
805 077
1 011 492
2113265
146 353
169 041
787 691
124 644
37 014
361 936
1181
5691
974 672
134
1506
2 524 788
14 670
14 921
185 367
43 093
15 523
165 382
17 482
9004
3 892 885
3588
18 187
173 698
13 106
473
1 994 216
2222
2729
-
2005
2006
924 534
3
73
0
341 293
24 828
8029
66 079
772
963
9353
0
6913
106 606
703
840 360
944 769
1320581
165 108
182 489
820 290
149 399
50 667
327 981
1358
3932
1 076 121
27
564
2 280 070
14 124
15 991
223 002
37 896
13 477
207 463
24 779
7551
4 076 104
2808
32 345
210 927
28 347
316
1 973 918
1790
2774
-
2007
858 968
2
87
0
270 137
46 803
13 063
51 446
379
414
0
7985
0
4795
0
94 855
000
744 049
767 851
2142747
158 135
175 657
1 159 516
152 027
53 351
433
265 997
1391
3870
1 047 104
8
191
2 041 733
16 667
16 495
16
215 402
34 325
12 544
0
200 050
17 094
4987
4 062 585
1754
27 550
141
275 602
17 178
193
7
2 111 163
1979
2862
615
2008
883 807
0
27
0
526 701
70 281
14 409
47 389
181
148
0
24 299
0
16 989
0
95 734
579
779 163
750 687
2106957
141 127
125 150
1 230 444
170 630
52 256
288
302 774
792
3096
1 047 104
47
623
1 931 768
12 254
13 886
10
215 338
34 678
11 295
0
198 794
37 014
4625
4 435 793
1327
15 323
105
311 395
18 938
247
21
2 143 247
2559
3820
1011
916 839
1
3
0
569 767
18 350
6853
62 790
644
413
0
34 818
0
14 845
0
112 496
076
842 705
723 697
221 270
196 666
503
1 136 064
124 251
40 167
319
270 798
762
2760
909 632
29
529
1 884 820
9688
13 616
23
198 867
29 664
12 160
0
210 856
18 637
6362
0
4 642 479
948
8214
125
266 096
5332
176
0
1 565 982
2129
3379
1502
2009
921 364
0
5
0
496 616
52 049
3824
0
54 760
175
261
0
25 147
0
13 520
0
119 279
429
834 364
765 622
2205293
242 041
221 176
2547
1 277 568
72 995
29 944
346
213 353
766
2349
0
1 001 107
28
702
1 777 977
9548
13 401
20
266 384
28 818
11 432
0
193 210
9483
4794
0
7 118 649
1295
3675
20
280 549
4401
122
1
1 619 074
1854
3812
984
2010
2011
886 243
1
0
0
390 102
49 194
2579
0
44 494
102
92
0
26 513
0
16 760
0
119 470
044
665 004
645 652
2092187
232 197
187 989
2261
1 210 465
62 624
28 966
162
188 702
249
1631
0
985 060
17
158
1 450 885
5857
8608
13
225 772
15 981
3758
0
216 712
8637
5155
0
9 190 401
1410
1907
50
221 390
5770
442
14
1 600 439
1126
2422
1758
2013
805 761
908 301
1
2
0
1
0
309 179
93 926
9464
3602
396
262
0
0
42 512
31 632
33
14
47
31
0
40 925
72 719
0
0
21 850
14 407
0
0
122 159
127 891 198
270
524 370
463 846
534 129
417 884
2051425 1833256
229 255
191 200
187 583
150 985
981
1342
1 423 966 1 364 792
342 593
234 986
135 388
98 860
25
243 432
169 464
612
295
1480
1659
0
0
948 250 1 236 580
41
42
45
52
1
1 130 757
1 838 150
11 553
14 645
17 506
15 573
3084
182 854
178 200
1962
373
2288
512
0
0
194 263
152 137
19 867
9510
19 575
11 267
0
6 918 732 5 554 995
1419
3091
1080
930
184
369 976
339 013
38 461
25 494
7634
12 537
1
1 566 872
1 576 012
894
663
1461
969
2218
2012
722 546
379 659
1575907
142 807
107 260
1960
890 913
110 324
41 866
5
296 979
315
1154
1 069 817
20
28
1
1 756 528
14 331
20 513
3077
117 107
203
139
0
142 242
14 796
10 356
0
4 403 633
1855
850
216
294 542
25 445
22 625
1
1 443 958
409
732
2782
138 628 331
812 347
1
0
125 201
9727
489
0
28 716
17
31
38 878
0
10 535
0
2014
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands
Republic of Korea
Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Country/area
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
Suspected
No Pf
No Pv
No Other
2000
1 897 579
63 591
14 721
36 596
25 912
4183
601 612
46 703
21 322
58 679
3226
2972
2 883 456
58 377
15 935
-
2001
1 802 857
74 117
18 113
34 968
18 006
2556
594 690
50 806
25 649
48 422
3402
4236
2 950 863
52 801
15 898
-
2002
1 739 219
58 403
14 187
37 005
22 831
1799
556 356
50 090
24 822
75 046
7016
7210
3 054 693
36 961
10 846
-
2003
1 783 145
54 653
14 055
48 441
32 948
1171
416 728
64 910
27 399
82 670
8406
6582
2 835 799
29 786
9004
-
2004
2 000 261
63 053
18 730
50 850
29 018
864
643 908
64 449
25 927
80 879
6999
6350
2 778 295
19 228
5681
-
2005
1 962 493
62 926
22 833
593 996
20 033
6482
1369
633 796
54 001
22 515
86 170
3817
4453
2 793 458
14 394
5102
-
2006
1 816 963
62 038
22 744
432 111
24 515
8839
2051
657 110
54 441
20 971
62 637
3522
4405
3 024 558
18 140
4497
-
Pf, P. falciparum ; Pv, P. vivax

Suspected cases: are calculated by adding Examined cases to Presumed cases.
Presumed cases: are calculated by subtracting Confirmed cases from Presumed and Confirmed cases.
3 There is no local transmission
4 Armenia and Turkmenistan are certified malaria free countries, but are included in this listing for historical purposes
Western Pacific
WHO region
2007
1 779 343
67 929
16 239
2787
408 254
9016
3622
17
2227
2227
396 169
48 751
16 653
139
52 958
2484
2987
0
3 755 566
11 470
4737
0
2008
1 769 032
66 202
16 806
1444
278 652
12 039
4806
197
1052
11
1052
338 244
29 576
11 173
84
52 420
1623
1850
0
1 409 765
8901
2348
0
2009
1 507 122
50 349
11 472
1024
352 006
14 074
4951
262
1345
26
1319
282 297
19 813
8544
44 960
1979
1632
4
2 907 219
12 719
3206
0
2010
1 505 393
60 824
13 171
1990
301 577
12 038
2885
175
1772
51
1721
0
284 931
23 092
12 281
48 088
1738
2265
10
2 803 918
12 763
4466
0
2011
1 279 140
60 317
9654
632
327 125
7043
2380
127
838
56
782
0
254 506
14 537
8665
0
32 656
851
1224
2
3 312 266
10 101
5602
0
2012
1 113 528
58 747
7108
333 084
4774
2189
555
54
501
0
249 520
14 980
9339
33 273
1727
1680
0
3 436 534
11 448
7220
0
2013
1 454 166
120 748
7579
1279
320 089
5051
1357
67
443
33
397
3
245 014
13 640
11 628
0
28 943
1039
1342
0
3 115 804
9532
6901
0
922 417
200 215
78 846
2125
314 820
3995
834
74
638
55
579
1
233 803
10 559
7845
0
35 570
279
703
0
2 786 135
8532
7220
0
2014
241
242
Country/area
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cameroon
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mayotte, France
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
South Sudan1
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
United Republic of Tanzania2
Mainland
Zanzibar
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Region of the Americas Argentina
Bahamas
Belize
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
African
WHO region
2
9510
691
439
712
3856
2016
6108
626
48 767
591
748
1244
254
1275
424
379
379
0
0
0
11
245
124
0
6
66
0
0
0
2000
1
9473
468
29
4233
417
0
535
957
416
133
1681
1693
275
1717
517
635
48 286
742
3355
562
1728
2366
4317
4275
248
1515
328
81
62
1394
1228
838
390
9369
0
0
0
0
142
168
0
17
84
0
3
0
2001
14 434
707
23
4032
483
2
98
2152
86
1607
1141
259
2376
440
780
47 697
575
5775
826
1504
2769
4092
3167
321
1226
461
96
46
1661
815
441
374
9021
1844
0
0
0
4
95
162
0
11
64
0
2
0
2002
38 598
560
18
4860
425
4
417
1021
989
79
2138
692
192
2103
586
1137
51 842
817
4767
1309
1106
2248
5343
2679
193
1602
157
142
30
1130
15251
14 943
308
9178
1044
1
0
1
104
118
0
12
46
0
5
0
2003
12 459
944
19
4205
689
4
859
13
28
13 613
24
3327
466
153
1575
528
565
25 403
715
3457
1012
1185
1333
6032
2362
169
1524
126
88
28
1183
19859
19 547
312
8289
1809
0
0
1
3
102
126
0
16
37
0
1
2
2004
13 768
322
11
5224
776
2
836
668
558
92
15 322
49
1086
353
426
2037
490
565
44 328
41
699
5070
1285
1325
2060
6494
2581
85
1587
50
63
17
1024
18322
18 075
247
7737
1916
0
0
0
0
123
87
0
16
22
0
2
4
2005
10 220
1226
40
8083
434
8
930
865
837
56
12 970
47
1357
238
150
3125
507
40 079
877
441
6464
1914
67
571
1150
6586
2486
26
1678
90
87
27
819
4252
20962
20 825
137
6484
802
0
0
1
0
110
77
0
10
9
0
5
2
2006
Annex 6D Reported malaria deaths, 20002014

9812
1290
6
6472
167
2
1811
578
617
20
113
797
14 372
42
991
216
424
4622
472
370
310
428
7486
1782
142
5816
181
1358
10 289
1772
3
1935
324
37
17
1236
7003
12593
12 529
64
6183
401
0
0
0
0
93
68
0
17
8
0
-
2007
0
9465
918
12
7834
595
2
7673
456
1018
47
143
1249
17 940
4
19
1169
156
403
3889
441
487
345
355
8048
1227
4424
152
2461
8677
566
16
741
871
43
263
10
2663
2372
12497
12 405
92
3781
232
0
0
0
0
68
54
0
11
5
0
2
0
2008
1
10 530
1375
6
7982
1183
2
4943
667
221
116
18 156
21 168
23
23
1121
197
240
3378
586
369
1706
348
8915
2331
91
3747
68
2159
7522
809
23
574
1734
45
254
13
1556
6296
16776
16 696
80
3862
108
0
0
0
0
85
28
1
14
6
0
1
0
2009
5
8114
964
8
9024
2677
1
4536
526
886
53
1023
23 476
30
27
1581
182
151
3859
735
296
26 017
1422
427
8206
3006
211
0
3354
63
3929
4238
670
14
553
8188
83
1053
8
1507
8431
15867
15 819
48
4834
255
0
0
0
0
76
42
0
15
4
0
1
0
2010
1
6909
1753
8
7001
2233
1
3808
858
1220
19
892
1389
23 748
52
12
936
74
440
3259
743
472
713
398
6674
2128
77
0
3086
36
2802
3353
380
19
472
3573
54
406
1
1314
5958
11806
11 799
7
4540
451
0
0
0
0
70
23
0
10
2
0
2
0
2011
0
5736
2261
3
7963
2263
1
3209
1442
1359
17
623
1534
21 601
77
30
1621
134
289
2855
979
370
785
1725
552
5516
1894
106
0
2818
4
2825
7734
459
7
649
3611
72
1321
3
1197
6585
7820
7812
8
3705
351
0
0
0
0
60
24
0
8
1
0
2
0
2012
3
7300
2288
7
6294
3411
0
4349
1026
1881
15
2870
3261
30 918
66
6
358
273
262
2506
108
418
360
1191
641
3723
1680
25
0
2941
21
2209
7878
409
11
815
4326
105
1311
4
1361
7277
8528
8526
2
3548
352
0
0
0
0
41
10
0
5
4
0
3
1
2013
0
5714
1869
22
5632
2974
2
4398
635
1720
0
271
2069
25 502
15
213
159
170
2200
1067
357
472
2288
551
4490
2309
19
0
3245
61
2691
6082
496
0
500
2848
174
4
1205
5921
5373
5368
5
3257
406
0
0
1
36
17
0
4
0
0
1
2014
WHO region
Country/area
973
2634
3
30
361
457
42
195
38
647
71
0
61
13
50
110 516
503
2135
2
4610
1574
119340
1015
2814
1
52
424
476
27
242
46
562
439
0
55
4
91
103 036
593
2254
3
4790
1942
112618
892
833
2556
77
625
608
31
350
35
617
536
0
38
3
142
77 642
570
2166
2
5482
2360
88222
2002
28
77
0
0
0
8
2
0
12
15
23
2
0
8
2125
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
598
11
2001
30
70
0
0
0
2
1
0
25
23
28
2
0
2252
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
470
14
29
16
0
0
0
4
1
0
20
24
24
4
2162
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
484
15
2000
1006
2476
5
4
204
492
52
187
21
537
162
0
71
14
50
152 657
518
2538
4
4283
1586
161586
44
109
0
0
0
7
4
0
9
18
40
5
0
54
2479
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
574
14
2003
949
508
1982
7
1
230
65
382
31
105
35
619
167
0
51
3
34
114 045
401
1894
5
4254
1427
122026
38
24
0
0
0
1
2
0
6
7
35
1
0
79
1814
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
505
7
2004
963
88
1707
10
0
161
71
296
48
77
33
725
145
0
38
5
18
137 269
346
1860
3
3506
1385
144369
33
29
1
0
0
6
1
0
4
1
17
0
1
0
1
0
52
0
15
1789
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
501
5
2005
1708
494
1647
42
1
113
68
396
37
21
21
668
124
0
12
1
41
136 955
286
1367
4
4588
1321
144521
20
32
0
0
0
1
1
0
6
1
11
29
0
1
0
2
0
9
0
58
1193
2
73
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
508
7
2006
Deaths reported before 2000 can be presumed and confirmed or only confirmed deaths depending on the country.
3 There is no local malaria transmission
4 Armenia, Morocco and Turkmenistan are certified malaria free countries, but are included in this listing for historical purposes
Region of the Americas Guyana

Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Eastern Mediterranean Afghanistan
Djibouti
Egypt
Iraq
Morocco4
Oman
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic3
Yemen
European
Armenia4
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kyrgyzstan
Russian Federation
Tajikistan
Turkey
Turkmenistan4
Uzbekistan
South-East Asia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic Peoples Republic of
Korea
India
Indonesia
Myanmar
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Western Pacific
Cambodia
China
Malaysia
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Republic of Korea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Regional summary
African
European
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Total
1311
1261
3
1
97
60
241
18
14
18
559
73
1
15
5
20
102 490
234
1357
5
2963
964
108013
28
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
16
25
1
0
3
0
2
0
24
2
45
1254
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
1
228
2
2007
1055
669
1087
0
101
33
209
23
11
30
628
56
0
21
4
25
103 664
182
1229
5
3101
1007
109188
11
17
2
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
9
46
2
3
0
1
2
0
49
1125
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
0
0
154
2
2008
1144
900
972
8
1
70
53
279
10
5
26
604
24
1
53
2
26
131 224
176
1263
2
3199
1030
136894
20
7
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
11
32
0
2
0
1
2
0
45
1142
1
38
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
47
4
2009
1018
432
788
6
0
80
58
151
19
24
33
616
30
2
34
1
21
150 490
194
1149
1
2421
931
155186
24
8
3
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
18
22
0
2
2
0
2
0
0
6
1023
0
92
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
37
2
2010
36
5
2
0
0
1
0
1
1
16
40
0
4
0
0
0
4
2
5
612
0
75
0
0
1
1
0
4
0
36
1
754
388
581
2
0
43
16
94
33
17
18
523
12
2
19
1
14
104 069
169
742
6
1821
733
107540
2011
519
252
403
0
0
37
3
45
14
44
16
381
16
0
18
0
8
104 106
157
1001
0
1226
542
107032
35
6
1
0
2
1
0
7
0
10
36
0
0
4
0
260
0
10
618
1
72
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
1
2012
440
45
236
0
0
47
3
12
23
28
14
307
12
2
18
0
6
116 336
100
1054
3
786
422
118701
14
10
1
0
0
0
0
4
1
6
24
17
3
2
0
0
244
0
23
685
1
55
0
0
0
0
3
0
15
0
2013
561
64
92
0
0
38
1
18
24
4
9
203
10
0
23
0
6
97 381
90
959
1
801
297
99529
11
9
2
0
0
0
0
4
0
5
32
28
2
0
0
9
0
56
0
14
823
4
19
0
0
0
0
1
0
45
0
2014
Annex 6D Reported malaria deaths, 20002014
243
World Malaria
Report 2015
a t l a s
p r o j e c t
World Malaria Report 2015
m a l a r i a
The mark CDC is owned by the US Dept. of Health and

Human Services and is used with permission. Use of
this logo is not an endorsement by HHS or CDC of any
particular product, service, or enterprise.
For further information please contact:

Global Malaria Programme
20, avenue Appia
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Web: www.who.int/malaria
Email: infogmp@who.int
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World Malaria

World Malaria Report 2015

The mark CDC is owned by the US Dept. of Health and

For further information please contact:

ISBN 978 92 4 156515 8

WHO GLOBAL MALARIA PROGRAMME

WORLD MALARIA REPORT

WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

(NLM classification: WC 765)

World Health Organization 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

SECTION 2 Trends in infection prevalence, cases and deaths

SECTION 3 Coverage of key interventions

SECTION 4 Costs of malaria control and cost savings

SECTION 6 Moving forward

COUNTRY AND AREA PROFILES

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

Organisation for Economic

Affordable Medicine Facility

P. falciparum parasite rate

Roll Back Malaria

annual parasite index

rapid diagnostic test

Strategic Advisory Group of Experts

seasonal malaria chemoprevention

under-5 mortality rate

community case management

case fatality rate

World Health Organization

creditor reporting system

gross domestic product

Abbreviations of WHO regions and

WHO African Region

WHO Regional Office for Africa

WHO Region of the Americas

Global Fund Global Fund to Fight AIDS,

WHO Regional Office for the

Global Malaria Action Plan

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

intermittent preventive treatment in

WHO Regional Office for the Eastern

intermittent preventive treatment in

WHO European Region

WHO Regional Office for Europe

WHO South-East Asia Region

indoor residual spraying

insecticide-treated mosquito net

WHO Regional Office for South-East

WHO Western Pacic Region

long-lasting insecticidal net

Millennium Development Goal

WHO Regional Office for the

Malaria Policy Advisory Committee,

national malaria control programme

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

Trends in infection prevalence, case incidence and mortality rates

WORLD MALARIA REPORT 2015

Coverage of key interventions