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NRNBERG, 18.11.

2015

Running SAP on Oracle


12c Experiences

Running SAP on Oracle 12c


EXPERIENCES

Introduction
Oracle 12c for SAP
Running Oracle 12c @ FIT
Summary

INTRODUCTION

Speakers
Dr. Thimo Bastuck

active since 2002 in the area of database and SAP operating


installations, migrations, release upgrades of SAP systems and databases
focused on databases (esp. Oracle), high availability
Freudenberg IT GmbH & Co. KG,
Team Application Architecture
Location Weinheim, Germany

Claudia Hffer

active since 1993 in Oracle environment


database, high availability, disaster recovery, database security
Principal Sales Consultant
Server Technologies Competence Center Nord
ORACLE Deutschland B.V. & Co. KG
Location Hamburg, Germany

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

INTRODUCTION

Introducing the Freudenberg Group


Freudenberg Group
507 companies in 60 countries
Family-owned since 1849
Headquarters
Weinheim | Germany
Staff Numbers
Over 40,000 employees worldwide [2014]
Turnover
> 7 billion [2014]
16 Business Groups operating in various market and industry sectors
Freudenberg IT
Subsidiary of the Freudenberg Group
Spin-off of the Freudenberg Group internal IT department in 1995

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

INTRODUCTION

FIT Global Provider of IT Solutions


History
Spin-off of the Freudenberg Group internal IT department in 1995
Multiple Data Centers in Germany, the United States, Canada, and China

Staff Numbers
>730 employees worldwide [2014]
including 240 in the United States and China

Status
Revenue:134,8 Mio. [2014]
positive EBIT at competitive level

Success
> 85% of FIT service revenues from third-party markets
11,2 % annual growth [CAGR 2010 - 2014]

Portfolio
Hosting and Consulting Services in SAP environment
Managed Services IT Provider

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Oracle 12c for SAP

ORACLE 12C FOR SAP - ROADMAP

Oracle 12c certification in four phases


Phase 1: base certification with Oracle 12c in March 2015
No specific 12c features involved

Phase 2: Oracle 12.1.0.2 certification June 2015


Oracle Database In-Memory certification, advanced index compression, online
datafile move,...

Phase 3: planned for Q4 2015


Information Lifecycle Management (Heat Map, ADO), Database Vault 12c,
Hybrid Columnar Compression (Exadata, SuperCluster)

Phase 4: planned for CY 2016


Oracle Multitenant

General Information:
1914631 - Central Technical Note for Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)
Oracle Database 12c for SAPRoadmap and Base Certification Features
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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Oracle Database In-Memory: Dual Format Database


BOTH row and column
formats for same table
Simultaneously active and
transactionally consistent
Analytics & reporting use new
in-memory column format
OLTP uses proven row format
Tables can be loaded
completely or partially
(partition wise, column wise)
Generic DB Operations
remains unchanged (HA, B/R,
DR, Loading, DBSec, APIs...)
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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Oracle Database In-Memory: Orders of Magnitudes


Faster Analytic Data Scans
Each CPU core scans local inmemory columns
Scans use super fast SIMD
vector instructions
Originally designed for graphics
& science

Billions of rows/sec scan rate


per CPU core
Row format is millions/sec

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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Oracle Database In-Memory: Implementation


Set init.ora parameter INMEMORY_AREA (restart of DB required)
Define tables for In-Memory column store:
ALTER TABLE sales INMEMORY
[MEMCOMPRESS FOR DML|QUERY HIGH/LOW|CAPACITY HIGH/LOW]
[PRIORITY CRITICAL|HIGH|MEDIUM|LOW|NONE]
NO INMEMORY(prod_id);
ALTER TABLE sales MODIFY PARTITION SALES_Q1_1998 NO
INMEMORY;

Table accessible immediately after DB restart

Looking for good candidates?


Use Database In-Memory Advisor DBMS_INMEMORY_ADVISOR
Can also be used with Oracle 11g see MOS Note 1965343.1
Diagnostic and Tuning Pack required
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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Advanced Compression Option - enhancements

OLTP Table Compression renamed to Advanced Row Compression


Advanced Row Compression now supports more than 255 columns
Advanced Index Compression introduced
Optimal compression for each index block, adaptive index compression
Traditional Index Key compression / prefix compression:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX


orders_idx ON orders
(order_mode,order_status)
compress;
<online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa online,0
Prefix
online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa <Suffix
online,2,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
online,3,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAq
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl
online,2
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
online,3
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CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
orders_idx ON orders
(order_mode,order_status);

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX


orders_idx ON orders
(order_mode,order_status)
compress 1;
online
<Prefix
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa <Suffix
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl
2,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
3,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAq
12

ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Advanced Compression Option - enhancements

OLTP Table Compression renamed to Advanced Row Compression


Advanced Row Compression now supports more than 255 columns
Advanced Index Compression introduced
Optimal compression for each index block, adaptive index compression
Traditional
Index Key compression / prefix compression:
Using advanced index
compression:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX


CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
orders_idx ON orders
orders_idx ON orders
orders_idx ON orders
(order_mode,order_status)
(order_mode,order_status);
CREATE UNIQUE(order_mode,order_status)
INDEX orders_idx
compress;
compress 1;
ON orders ( order_mode, order_status
)
<online
<online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa online,0
compress
advanced
low;
Prefix
Prefix
online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa <online,0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAa <Suffix
Suffix
online,2,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
Automatically compresses
index
leaf
blocks
when
becoming full
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAg
online,3,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAq
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl
0,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAl
online,2
2,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAm
3,AAAPvCAAFAAAAFaAAq
online,3
13
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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Advanced Compression Option - ILM


Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) storage tiering, cost optimization
Heat Map (row level, segment level)
DB records data access statistics (write, full scan, lookup)
ALTER SYSTEM SET HEAT_MAP = ON SCOPE=BOTH;

Automatic Data Optimization (ADO)


Based on Heat Map
Evaluated during maintenance window

Examples:
ALTER TABLE orders ILM ADD POLICY ROW STORE COMPRESS ADVANCED
SEGMENT AFTER 30 DAYS OF NO MODIFICATION;
ALTER TABLE orders ILM ADD POLICY ROW STORE COMPRESS ADVANCED
ROW AFTER 30 DAYS OF NO MODIFICATION;
ALTER TABLE orders ILM ADD POLICY tier to low_cost_store;
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ORACLE 12C FOR SAP

Oracle Multitenant a new architecture for


consolidating databases and simplifying operations
Self-contained PDB for each
application
Applications run unchanged
Rapid provisioning (via clones)
Portability (via pluggability)

Common operations performed at


CDB level
Manage many as one
(upgrade, HA, backup)
Granular control when appropriate

Shared memory and background


processes
More applications per server

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Running Oracle 12c


@ FIT

RUNNING ORACLE 12C @ FIT

Overview
Upgrading

Prerequisites
Software installation (online)
Preparing the upgrade
Database structure upgrade (offline)
Post steps (offline/online)

Differences to operating SAP on Oracle 11g


Runtime behavior
New features

Online Datafile Move


Advanced Index Compression
In Memory
Multitenant
Automatic Data Optimization

OEM 12c
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade procedure requirements


Oracle @ FIT used with: AIX 7.1, Linux SLES11
Oracle/SAP requirements for upgrade: (see SAP note 1914631 + upgrade guide)

Oracle 10.2.0.5, or 11.2.0.2 and higher (i.e. 11.2.0.1 not allowed)


AIX 6.1 TL9 SP3 or AIX 7.1 TL3 SP3
SLES 11 SP2 3.0.13-0.27
Instant Client 11.2.0.4 or 12.1.0.2
SAP kernel 7.21_EXT
BR*Tools 7.40 PL 14
J2EE engine: SAP JDBC Porting Layer supports 12c since end of 2012 (see note 1777021)
ABAP correction to be applied for certain SAP_BASIS levels (see note 2157904)
ABAP SSFS (see note 1639578)
needed because remote_os_authent=TRUE no longer supported
already standard as of kernel 7.40

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade procedure general


general procedure very similar to upgrading to 11g, i.e.:
upgrade phases as usual:

software installation (online)


upgrade preparations (online)
database structure upgrade (offline)
post steps (offline/online)

still many automated checks and corrections


but consider additional downtime tasks if needed for
upgrading SAP kernel (incl. online SGEN after upgrade)
activating ABAP SSFS

and consider remarkable additional efforts and downtime when deciding to switch
to new Oracle user concept

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade procedure new Oracle user concept


when first releasing Oracle 12c for SAP applications, SAP only supported the
new user concept using oracle:oinstall as known from ASM/RAC
i.e. during upgrade, software owner had to be migrated from ora<sid>:dba to
oracle:oinstall
leading to considerably higher effort and longer downtime
significant changes in highly automated environments (using different user ora<sid>
oracle, environment not set by default but to be set using tools like oraenv etc.)
user ora<sid> could be kept for compatibility reasons

@ FIT, this new concept delayed the Oracle 12c rollout


finally, in August 2015 SAP decided to further support the classic user concept
for non-ASM/RAC installations using ora<sid>:dba
currently, FIT still using classic user concept
new SAP installations with classic user concept on 12c possible as of SWPM
SP09 (but introducing tablespace compression restrictions?!)
SAP note 1915323 - OS User Concept for Oracle Database 12c Release 1

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Software installation (online)


install using SAP RUNINSTALLER as usual (updated to latest version from note
1915301)
Prerequisite Checker based on
older OS patchlevel as
known from 11g,
leading to obsolete errors
example on AIX 7.1:
missing patches which are
already included in TL3 SP3

/tmp check does not take


into account given new
temp. directory
in this example,
-tmp /usr/sap/install_tmp
had been passed

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Software installation (online)


Prerequisite Checker does not check important AIX IOCP setting:
for Oracle 12c, IOCP must be available on the server, otherwise executing Oracle
binaries will crash:
orasid> sqlplus
exec(): 0509-036 Cannot load program sqlplus because of the following errors:
rtld: 0712-001 Symbol CreateIoCompletionPort was referenced
from module /oracle/SID/121/lib/libttsh12.so(), but a runtime definition
of the symbol was not found.
rtld: 0712-001 Symbol GetMultipleCompletionStatus was referenced
from module /oracle/SID/121/lib/libttsh12.so(), but a runtime definition
of the symbol was not found.
rtld: 0712-002 fatal error: exiting.

so be sure to check the setting in advance:


root> lsdev | grep iocp
iocp0
Available

I/O Completion Ports

if necessary, make it available using smitty (see MOS Doc ID 1949184.1)


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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Software installation (online)


software installation using Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) as usual
SAP response file, being loaded when running RUNINSTALLER
new: call OUI with specifying the new ORACLE_BASE directory /oracle/<SID>:
orasid>
./RUNINSTALLER -tmp /usr/sap/install_tmp -oracle_base /oracle/SID

as known from Oracle 11g:


patchset installation cumulative, so only install latest patchset
dont forget to install the latest SAP Bundle Patch (SBP) with SAP tool MOPatch
afterwards

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Software installation (online)


new options on screen Privileged Operating System groups already
pre-definded by SAP response file:

new

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


procedure quite similar to upgrading to 11g:
1) running tool pre_upgrade_tasks.sql for executing preparative tasks:
gathering Oracle dictionary statistics
recompiling invalid objects
purging database recyclebin

2) running tool pre_upgrade_checks.sql which will execute


Oracle Pre-Upgrade Information Tool, generating logfile and fixup SQLs (new), see below
Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Utility for SAP
1. Review results of the pre-upgrade checks:
/oracle/cfgtoollogs/SID/preupgrade/preupgrade.log
2. Execute in the SOURCE environment BEFORE upgrade:
/oracle/cfgtoollogs/SID/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
3. Execute in the NEW environment AFTER upgrade:
/oracle/cfgtoollogs/SID/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql

3) new: run generated preupgrade_fixups.sql


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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


information from pre_upgrade_checks.sql and logfile:
source database status (platform, version, configuration, timezone file, security etc.)
some examples:
-->
-->
-->
-->
-->

Database Character Set


National Character Set
Database Log Mode
Database Flashback Mode
AWR Retention

:
:
:
:
:

UTF8
UTF8
ARCHIVELOG
NO
42

--> COMPATIBLE
--> REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT

: 11.2.0
: TRUE

-->
-->
-->
-->
-->

Oracle RAC System


Oracle DV System
SAP BW/DW/BI System
SAP Unicode System
SAP ABAP Stack/Java Stack

:
:
:
:
:

-->
-->
-->
-->

Database Security Configuration


User Profile SAPUPROF
: TRUE
DEFAULT.FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS: 10
DEFAULT.PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME
: 180

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FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


information from pre_upgrade_checks.sql and logfile: (continued)
existing restore points, _ and event parameters, list of invalid objects, and other warnings
some examples:
**********************************************************************
Generic Pre-Upgrade Warnings
**********************************************************************
WARNING: ----> INVALID_SAP_OBJECTS
There are invalid objects in an SAP schema.
Check why these objects are invalid before upgrading
the database.
.
.
**********************************************************************
SAP-Specific Pre-Upgrade Warnings
**********************************************************************
WARNING: ----> NO_SPFILE
No Server Parameter File (SPFILE) created.
Recommendation: Configure a Server Parameter File.
See SAP Note 601157.
.
WARNING: ----> PLAN_TABLE_EXISTS_IN_SAP_SCHEMA
Table(s) PLAN_TABLE exist(s) in SAP schema.
The table(s) will get dropped after the upgrade and
recreated with new structure.
SAPSR3.PLAN_TABLE

.
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


information from pre_upgrade_checks.sql and logfile: (continued)
new: Object ID Checker:
************************************************************
***
Oracle Database Object ID Checker for SAP
***
************************************************************
DATABASE NAME
: SID
DATABASE CREATION TIME
: 2011-JUL-08 13:46:58
DATABASE AGE
: 4 years 107 days
DATAOBJ#
OBJECT ID
OBJECT ID
OBJECT ID

(current max.)
(current max.)
(system limit)
(check limit )

:
:
:
:

310918493
310918487
4254950911
3221225472

Checking whether object id is above critical value of 3221225472

************************************************************
***
OK
***
************************************************************
Object ID numbers are not critical.
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


information from pre_upgrade_checks.sql and logfile: (continued)
e.g. obsolete/deprecated parameters, component list: (preupgrade.log)
**********************************************************************
[Obsolete/Deprecated Parameters]
--> remote_os_authent
11.1
DESUPPORTED
[Changes required in Oracle Database init.ora or spfile]
**********************************************************************
[Component List]
**********************************************************************
--> Oracle Catalog Views
[upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle Packages and Types
[upgrade] VALID
**********************************************************************

desupported remote_os_authent is reason for activating ABAP SSFS

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online)


information from pre_upgrade_checks.sql and logfile: (continued)
free space check: (preupgrade.log)
**********************************************************************
[Tablespaces]
**********************************************************************
--> SYSTEM tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
minimum required size: 4708 MB
--> SYSAUX tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
minimum required size: 23137 MB
--> PSAPUNDO tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
minimum required size: 400 MB
--> PSAPTEMP tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
minimum required size: 60 MB
[No adjustments recommended]

be careful: always double check the SYSTEM free space: enable autoextend on datafiles
to have plenty of free space (dont rely on this check here!)
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online) additional checks


in order to avoid DBUA bug, check if datafiles with absurd autoextend settings
exist, i.e. AUTOEXTENSIBLE=YES, but current size (BYTES) exceeds defined
MAXBYTES and turn them off:

DBUA calculates
negative space values!

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online) additional checks


in order to avoid DBUA bug, check if datafiles with absurd autoextend settings
exist, i.e. AUTOEXTENSIBLE=YES, but current size (BYTES) exceeds defined
MAXBYTES and turn them off:
SQL>
select
from
union
select
from

'alter database datafile ''' || FILE_NAME || ''' autoextend off;'


dba_data_files where AUTOEXTENSIBLE='YES' and MAXBYTES<BYTES
'alter database tempfile ''' || FILE_NAME || ''' autoextend off;'
dba_temp_files where AUTOEXTENSIBLE='YES' and MAXBYTES<BYTES;

e.g.:
SQL> alter database datafile '/oracle/SID/sapdata88/undo_1/undo.data1'
autoextend off;
Database altered.

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade preparations (online) additional prep.


new: DBUA will run with archiving on, no more option to turn off archiving
so check free space of oraarch filesystem (typically a few GB needed, but may be much
more for large BW systems)

recommendation: make preparations for using flashback database (with


guaranteed restore point before starting structure upgrade):
create filesystem /oracle/<SID>/oraflash (space similar to oraarch needed)
and activate configuration parameters:
db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/<SID>/oraflash'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=<less than filesystem size>

backup Listener/SQL*Net configuration


and ensure that DB software owner has write permission to it
if using non-standard path $TNS_ADMIN, copy current cfg into source
$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) first steps


first downtime steps before dbua call:

run additional full backup if desired


(with archiving on, all standard backups + redologs can also be used in case of failure)
update SAP kernel (including BR*Tools) + Oracle instant client if needed
recommendation: create guaranteed restore point for flashback database
SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT before_oracle_upgrade GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE;
Restore point created.

be careful:
if running one Listener for multiple databases on your host, be sure not to run it on your
database being upgraded this would cause DBUA to crash during input phase (should be
fixed soon)
Linux: be sure not to have set use_large_pages=auto this would cause DBUA to
abort in upgrade phase (this value is no longer supported)
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) first steps


when ignoring, this might happen:
Listener issue: unexpected error

use_large_pages=auto:
no longer supported

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


the main upgrade is being started using the SAP wrapper script dbua.sap.sh
as already known from 11g
also including customer scripts to automatically set parameters (e.g. _ and
events) after upgrade etc.
most DBUA input screens are pre-filled by wrapper script
sample screenshots:
choose the right
Oracle Home

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


sample screenshots: (continued)
new: upgrade parallelism
attention: correct Diagnostic Destination to SAP standard /oracle/<SID>/saptrace to avoid
errors (SAP upgrade guide incorrect at this point will be corrected)

new

change!

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


sample screenshots: (continued)
new: Listener will be upgraded automatically, too, when running with the SID being
upgraded:

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


sample screenshots: (continued)
ORA-32006 due to REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT: to be ignored

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


sample screenshots: (continued)
new:
summary screen
with timings
attention:
to continue (finish)
press Upgrade
Results dont
CANCEL

new

click here to continue & finish

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Database structure upgrade (offline) DBUA


sample screenshots: (continued)
Close at the end of Upgrade Results screen will finish DBUA

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


dbua.sap.sh stops instance after upgrade
check migrated SQL*Net config, esp. when using non-standard $TNS_ADMIN
in case of Java stack or custom jdbc applications, add into sqlnet.ora
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER = 8
in order to avoid
ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

continue with standard post steps according to upgrade guide:


user environments, oratab, (re)move old Oracle home, startup listener

run post upgrade scripts:


@?/rdbms/admin/utlu121s.sql generate upgrade status information
@post_upgrade_checks.sql SAP post upgrade checks (next slides)
catsbp (next slides)

final post steps:


check DB parameter (note 1888485), update statistics, initial backup,
and run SGEN after starting SAP in case of SAP kernel upgrade
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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


run post upgrade scripts: (continued)
@post_upgrade_checks.sql SAP post upgrade checks; output samples:
--> Database Log Mode
--> Database Flashback Mode
--> AWR Retention

: ARCHIVELOG
: RESTORE POINT ONLY
: 42

-->
-->
-->
-->

Database Parameter
COMPATIBLE
: 11.2.0
REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT
: FALSE
Fast Recovery Area (FRA) Configuration

-->
-->
-->
-->

FRA
FRA
FRA
FRA

Destination
Size
Space Limit
Space Used

:
:
:
:

/oracle/SID/oraflash
30000 M
30000 M
9000 M / 30 %

compatible cannot be changed to 12.1.0.2.0 with flashback database active


( manual post step)

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


run post upgrade scripts: (continued)
@post_upgrade_checks.sql SAP post upgrade checks; output samples: (contd)
**********************************************************************
Database Components
**********************************************************************
The following database components are installed:

Component ID
XDB
CATALOG
CATPROC
.

Version
12.1.0.2.0
12.1.0.2.0
12.1.0.2.0

Status
VALID
VALID
VALID

new: XDB mandatory component as of 12c, installed as part of the upgrade

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


important 1: if guaranteed restore point had been created, drop it now and update
parameter compatible (+ restart database):
SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT before_oracle_upgrade;
Restore point dropped.
SQL> alter system set compatible='12.1.0.2.0' scope=spfile;
System altered.

important 2: run catsbp as part of SBP post step


(not mentioned explicitly in upgrade guide)
new: catsbp is now shell script, only short output

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


catsbp sample output (new):
orasid> $ORACLE_HOME/sapbundle/SBP_121024_201509/catsbp
catsbp - Post-process Installation of SBP 12.1.0.2.4 201509V2.
Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Log file: $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/SAP201509_APPLY_SID_2015_10_24-19-23-15.log
Connecting to database...
Connecting to database...done.
Executing Datapatch...
Executing Datapatch...done.
Loading style sheets...
Loading style sheets...skipped.
Reason: Style sheets already loaded
Recompiling objects with utlrp...
Recompiling objects with utlrp...done.
Log file: $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/SAP201509_APPLY_SID_2015_10_24-19-23-15.log
catsbp completed successfully.
Overall Status: COMPLETE

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UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Post upgrade steps (offline/online)


catsbp sample output (new): (continued)
known errors: (no SAP note yet)
Executing Datapatch...
Executing Datapatch...failed.
Reason: Unknown error (exit value 255)

solution: re-execute catsbp


Recompiling objects with utlrp...
Recompiling objects with utlrp...failed.
Reason: Cannot recompile some objects
...
Overall Status: INCOMPLETE

solution: Overall Status should not be INCOMPLETE due to invalid objects should be
fixed with next versions; so far, invalid objects really have to be resolved!

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

47

UPGRADING TO ORACLE 12C

Upgrade procedure summary


easy workarounds for minor errors if occurring (might vanish with next updates)
further improvements compared to 11g, e.g.
parallelization of main upgrade scripts shorter downtime
further automating manual steps (fixup scripts etc.)

improved user interface (see timings etc.)


as reliable as known from earlier releases
typical pure DB upgrade downtime < 1 hour
typical overall SAP downtime 1-2 hours (depending on related activities)

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

48

DIFFERENCES TO OPERATING SAP ON ORACLE 11G

Administrative differences (without new features)


no differences from inside SAP (esp. DBA-Cockpit) or using BR*Tools
(except new features)
Oracle user concept: change possible at your choice (see separate slide)
changed ORACLE_BASE:
now /oracle/<SID> instead of /oracle
clear separation when running multiple databases on one host
e.g. directory cfgtoollogs containing upgrade logs etc. now separated

changed ORACLE_HOME:
name does not contain bit value any longer
so no 121_64, but simply 121
own scripts and automation might need to be adjusted (manageable efforts @ FIT)

as always: some new processes on OS level


no more ORA-32004 (or similar) at DB instance startup because
REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT = TRUE cant be used any longer

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

49

RUNTIME EXPERIENCE SAP ON ORACLE 12C

Runtime behavior (without new features)


Examples:
experience from large BW systems (DB size 2 TB 10 TB, > 500 concurrent
users), after upgrading without explicitly activating new features:
some process completion times dropped significantly: some formerly unexplained strange
behavior seems to be solved, reducing runtimes from > 1 hour down to minutes
other customer states no change in runtimes, i.e. in spite of many built-in new features
same good performance as before (no degradation, although you could assume a higher
need of system resources)

experience from FIT owned ERP system:


DB response times dropped by 10% better performance after upgrading
Resume:
all positive, no performance degradation, at least same performance or even
improvements without doing special tunings or using new features

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

50

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

First experiences with new features


small but powerful new feature: Online Datafile Move
datafiles can be renamed or moved to another location without downtime or any other
service disruption
fully integrated in brspace already, see help menu:
Options for 'dfmove' function:
[-c|-force]
force database shutdown for move
default: don't shut down if SAP user connected
[-d|-destination <destination>]
move destination
no default
[-f|-file all_df|<file>|<file_id>|<file_id1>-<file_id2>|<sapdata_dir>
|sapdata<N>|sapraw|<win_drive>:|+<asm_disk>|<file_list>]
file name
all_df - all eligible data files
no default
[-o|-online no|yes]
move data file online (as of Oracle 12c)
default: no
[-p|-parallel <processes>]
number of parallel copy processes
default: 1
[-t|-tablespace <tablespace>|<tablespace_list>]
tablespace name
no default
...
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

51

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

First experiences with new features


Online Datafile Move example:
move datafile datusr.data1 from sapdata4 to sapdata2 online (SAP system running):
orazz3> ls -l /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata*/datusr_1/datusr.data1
-rw-r----- 1 orazz3 dba 20979712 Nov 4 16:05 /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1
orazz3> brspace -f dfmove -f /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1 -d sapdata2 -o yes
...
BR0280I BRSPACE time stamp: 2015-11-04 22:31:48
BR0657I Input menu 319 - please enter/check input values
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Options for moving data file /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1
1 * Current file size in MB (currsize) . [20]
2 * Current link target (currlink) ..... []
3 - Move destination (destination) ..... [/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2]
4 ~ Raw disk / link target (rawlink) ... []
5 - Move data file online (online) ..... [yes]
6 # Parallel copy processes (parallel) . [1]
7 # Force instance shutdown (force) .... [no]
8 - SQL command (command) .............. [alter database move datafile
'/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1' to '/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1']

Standard keys: c - cont, b - back, s - stop, r - refr


------------------------------------------------------------------------------BR0662I Enter your choice:
c
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

52

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

First experiences with new features


Online Datafile Move example: (continued)
...
BR0370I Directory /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1 created
BR0280I BRSPACE time stamp: 2015-11-04 22:32:32
BR1016I SQL statement 'alter database move datafile '/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1'
to '/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1'' executed successfully
BR1082I Data file /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1 moved successfully to
/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1
BR0480I Directory /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1 deleted
...

result:
orazz3> ls -l /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata*/datusr_1/datusr.data1
-rw-r----- 1 orazz3 dba 20979712 Nov 4 22:37 /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1

alert.log:
Wed Nov 04 22:32:27 2015
/* BRSPACE */ alter database move datafile '/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1' to
'/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1'
Wed Nov 04 22:32:29 2015
Moving datafile /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1 (6) to
/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1
Move operation committed for file /oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1
Completed: /* BRSPACE */ alter database move datafile
'/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata4/datusr_1/datusr.data1' to '/oracle/ZZ3/sapdata2/datusr_1/datusr.data1'
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

53

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

First experiences with new features


Advanced Index Compression:
reduces complexity for index compression: no need to define suitable set of columns
(prefix) any more, as best method of index compression will be chosen automatically on
block level
expecting higher compression ratio for indexes with formerly view prefix columns
if index should always be compressed: set parameter
_advanced_index_compression_options=16
for compressing all new created indexes (SAP note 2138262)
this is even possible when loading a new system (SWPM/R3load)
makes compressing new (i.e. also reorganized) systems much easier!

Status @ FIT:
first comparison between compression ratio of standard and advanced index compression
shows slightly better overall compression with advanced, some indexes up to 15% better
loading new systems already tested: works great. Runtime behavior also fine.

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

54

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

First experiences with new features


Advanced Index Compression: (continued)
results from first compression ratio comparison in detail:
Sizes compressed [MB]
Col.*
Index name
Standard
Advanced
Delta [%]
(Std.)
/BIC/4EYSTOCKHI2Z0
6.543
5.658
-13,5
/BIC/AEI2PDEBT00~0
2.842
2.805
-1,3
/BIC/AEK4LYR1000~0
2.761
2.313
-16,2
/BIC/AYBLISDEF00Y2
2.536
2.500
-1,4
/BIC/AYBLISDEF00YI
2.620
2.602
-0,7
/BIC/AYBLISDEF00YK
2.232
2.286
2,4
/BIC/AYBLISDEF00~0
3.236
3.270
1,1
/BIC/AYFIGLCT100~0
10.506
9.969
-5,1
/BIC/AYPCAC0100~0
3.267
2.767
-15,3
/BIC/AYTMCUORD00~0
2.720
2.749
1,1
/BIC/AYTMDEBT80001
921
917
-0,4
/BIC/AYTMDEBT800~0
2.652
2.670
0,7
/BIC/AYTMDEBTA00~0
1.815
1.824
0,5
/BIC/AYTM_CON100~0
3.355
2.974
-11,4
/BIC/AYTM_DEBT0001
2.607
2.636
1,1
/BIC/AYTM_DEBT00Y1
3.518
3.490
-0,8
/BIC/AYTM_DEBT00Y2
3.737
3.706
-0,8
/BIC/AYTM_DEBT00Y4
3.726
3.701
-0,7
/BIC/AYTM_DEBT00~0
7.458
7.500
0,6
/BIC/AZMARCFAN00KE
5.156
5.114
-0,8
sum
74.208
71.451
-3,7
* no. of columns to compress (standard index compression)

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

Sizes [MB]
Compression ratio [%]
unocmpressed Standard
Advanced
8
9.111
71,8
62,1
4
5.628
50,5
49,8
7
4.759
58,0
48,6
2
4.809
52,7
52,0
3
5.567
47,1
46,7
1
3.476
64,2
65,8
1
4.461
72,5
73,3
5
23.325
45,0
42,7
15
5.583
58,5
49,6
1
3.711
73,3
74,1
4
2.636
34,9
34,8
1
3.271
81,1
81,6
1
2.255
80,5
80,9
3
4.622
72,6
64,3
4
7.452
35,0
35,4
5
9.387
37,5
37,2
3
8.214
45,5
45,1
3
8.222
45,3
45,0
1
9.280
80,4
80,8
2
6.536
78,9
78,2
132.305
56,1
54,0

55

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

Future use of new features


Database In-Memory: (DBIM)
big advantage compared to other IM solutions: certified for almost ALL SAP products,
not restricted to BW or minimum SAP patch levels (except Oracle 12c compatibility)
very promising for reducing DB response times (typical for IM solutions)
good Oracle whitepaper Using SAP NetWeaver with Oracle Database In-Memory
available on SCN DOC-65092
FIT status: currently working together with a customer who has licensed DBIM
current state: determining table candidates for IM using IM advisor and package
SAP_IM_ADV for known tables, first testings
no runtime comparisons yet to be shown on next conferences

IM administration is really easy:


Activation: (see whitepaper)
inmemory_max_populate_servers=4
inmemory_clause_default='PRIORITY HIGH'
inmemory_size=<IM size>

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

56

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

Future use of new features


IM administration: (continued)
Determine tables to be loaded into memory
Load tables into IM store:
SQL> alter table "SAPSR3"."<table>" inmemory memcompress for query low
priority high;
Table altered.

Monitoring status:
v$inmemory_area
v$im_segments

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

57

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

Future use of new features


IM administration: (continued)
IM status during loading tables:
SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;
POOL
ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS
CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ---------1MB POOL
2096103424 256901120 POPULATING
0
64KB POOL
520093696
22872064 POPULATING
0
SQL> select SEGMENT_NAME, SEGMENT_TYPE, count(*), sum(INMEMORY_SIZE), sum(BYTES),
sum(BYTES_NOT_POPULATED), POPULATE_STATUS from v$im_segments group by SEGMENT_NAME, SEGMENT_TYPE,
POPULATE_STATUS;
SEGMENT_NAME
-------------------/BIC/FYCUSTM3
/BIC/FYCUSTM5
/BIC/FYCUSTM1
/BIC/FYCUSTM2
/BIC/FYCUSTM2
/BIC/FYCUSTM4
/BIC/FYCUSTM3
/BIC/FYCUSTM6
/BIC/DYCUSTM32
sum

SEGMENT_TYPE
COUNT(*) SUM(INMEMORY_SIZE) SUM(BYTES) SUM(BYTES_NOT_POPULATED)
--------------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- -----------------------TABLE PARTITION
83
100007936
72548352
0
TABLE PARTITION
26
30670848
11534336
0
TABLE PARTITION
3
3538944
4653056
0
TABLE PARTITION
3
393216 100663296
98893824
TABLE PARTITION
46
127729664 396886016
0
TABLE PARTITION
25
29491200
12713984
0
TABLE PARTITION
1
131072
6291456
6127616
TABLE PARTITION
27
31850496
9240576
0
TABLE
1
4325376
5242880
0
---------- ------------------ ---------- -----------------------215
328138752
619773952
105021440

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

POPULATE_
--------COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
STARTED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
STARTED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED

58

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

Future use of new features


IM administration: (continued)
IM status after loading tables:
SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;
POOL
ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS
CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ---------1MB POOL
2096103424 727711744 DONE
0
64KB POOL
520093696
75366400 DONE
0
SQL> select SEGMENT_NAME, SEGMENT_TYPE, count(*), sum(INMEMORY_SIZE), sum(BYTES),
sum(BYTES_NOT_POPULATED), POPULATE_STATUS from v$im_segments group by SEGMENT_NAME, SEGMENT_TYPE,
POPULATE_STATUS;
SEGMENT_NAME
-------------------/BIC/FYCUSTM3
/BIC/FYCUSTM5
/BIC/FYCUSTM1
/BIC/FYCUSTM2
/BIC/FYCUSTM4
/BIC/FYCUSTM6
/BIC/DYCUSTM32
/BIC/DYCUSTM42
sum

SEGMENT_TYPE
COUNT(*) SUM(INMEMORY_SIZE) SUM(BYTES) SUM(BYTES_NOT_POPULATED)
--------------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- -----------------------TABLE PARTITION
110
135004160 114360320
0
TABLE PARTITION
152
181403648 109314048
0
TABLE PARTITION
3
3538944
4653056
0
TABLE PARTITION
53
155910144 507183104
0
TABLE PARTITION
86
116195328 127598592
0
TABLE PARTITION
168
199229440
65470464
0
TABLE
1
4325376
5242880
0
TABLE
1
7471104
10485760
0
---------- ------------------ ---------- -----------------------574
803078144
944308224
0

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

POPULATE_
--------COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETED

59

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

More new features


Automatic Data Optimization: (ADO)
not yet released by SAP, but already integrated into the current SWPM SP09:

may not yet be used according to SAP note 1914631:


In SWPM 1.0 SP09 do not use option 'Tablespace Parameters -> Policy
Tablespaces' on the 'Advanced Oracle Configuration' dialog until ILM/ADO
functionality has been released for SAP. See SAP notes 2172935 and 2173485.

FIT view: very promising feature, so waiting to officially be released by SAP


Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

60

NEW FEATURES ORACLE DATABASE 12C

More new features


Oracle Multitenant:
not yet released by SAP
@ FIT: for FIT customer, this feature seams to be less relevant in SAP environment so far
more relevant outside SAP: currently, some customers are running multiple databases for
small Non-SAP application could be consolidated using Multitenant, but license costs
must be considered

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

61

ORACLE ENTERPRISE MANAGER 12C

Using OEM 12c in SAP environment


@ FIT: OEM 12c being used especially for analyzing performance issues:

comparing periods of good / bad performance


analyzing peak loads
identifying problematic SQLs
SQL tuning
watch running SQLs in realtime

for those use cases, Diagnostic and Tuning Pack must be licensed
(otherwise OEM wont show any data in the interesting areas)
according to SAP recommendation, AWR retention time always set to 42 days
most used starting points:
SQL Monitor Last Hour (from DB Home)
Performance | Top Activity
Performance | ASH Analytics
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

Typical examples on next slides


62

ORACLE ENTERPRISE MANAGER 12C

Using OEM 12c in SAP environment examples

Example 1 Top Activity:


who is responsible for peak load?

Answer: BW index creation!


Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

63

ORACLE ENTERPRISE MANAGER 12C

Using OEM 12c in SAP environment examples

Example 2 SQL Tuning:


how to reduce load from sample SQL?

Answer: creating index on table VAPMA,


columns MANDT, reduces load by 88%
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

64

ORACLE ENTERPRISE MANAGER 12C

Using OEM 12c in SAP environment examples


Example 3 Monitor SQL Execution:
what does running SQL do?

Answer: watch it!

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

65

Summary

RUNNING SAP ON ORACLE 12C

Summary
Oracle 12c being used with SAP since summer 2015 @ FIT
first x.1 Release certified with SAP, in the past only x.2 Release certified
nevertheless, upgrades ran basically good and fast,
process as stable and reliable as known from 11g
further significant operating improvements

furtherly reduced complexity


enhanced flexibility
reduced need for downtimes
improved performance

great tool for problem analysis: OEM 12c


Thus, as its predecessors, Oracle 12c continues to be a very solid platform for the
operation of SAP systems, also in the hosting environment of Freudenberg IT.

Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

67

CONTACT

How to reach us
Freudenberg IT

ORACLE Deutschland B.V. & Co. KG

Hhnerweg 2-4
69465 Weinheim
Germany

Khnehfe 5
22761 Hamburg
Germany

Your contact

Your contact

Dr. Thimo Bastuck


Solution Architect

Claudia Hffer
Principal Sales Consultant

+49 6201 80 8000


thimo.bastuck@freudenberg-it.com
www.freudenberg-it.com
Freudenberg IT | DOAG Conference Nrnberg | 2015

+49 40 89091 135


claudia.hueffer@oracle.com
www.oracle.com/de
68

Thank you for


your attention.

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