Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Intelligent Energy
Europe
Project
report
Integrated initiatives
16 projects funded by
N8 April 2009
CONTENTS
Integrated initiatives
Introduction
Project 1
Project 2
>R
ealising the potential for small scale renewable energy sources
in the home (KITH)
Project 5
>C
reating actions among energy-conscious children (Kids4Future)
Project 6
>M
obilise Energy Awareness (Mobilise Energy/Aware)
Project 7
10
Project 8
>Y
oung Energy People (YEP!)
11
Project 9
>Y
oung Energy Savers (YES)
12
Project 10
13
14
Project 12
15
Project 13
16
Project 14
17
Project 15
>G
ame-based platform: Energy-efficient virtual Cities (ENERCITIES)
18
Project 16
>R
enewable Energy Sources Compass (RES COMPASS)
19
Project 3
Project 4
Energy education
Intelligent Energy
Europe
Project
report
Integrated initiatives
16 projects funded by
N8 April 2009
istockPhoto.com
Project 11
Editorial information
Project Reports are published by the Executive Agency for Competitiveness and Innovation of the European Commission (EACI). The reports showcase
projects funded across the European Union by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme (IEE), which promotes energy efficiency and renewable energy.
The projects are presented by theme and contain contact details for participants to help build a network of project participants across the EU.
The reports are available in English, French and German.
Editor: EACI.
Design and layout: Tipik S.A./Chili con carne.
More details on the IEE programme and the EACI are available online (http://ec.europa.eu/intelligentenergy).
Useful tools and guidebooks resulting from IEE and other projects can be downloaded from the Intelligent Energy e-library (http://www.iee-library.eu).
The responsibility for the content of this report lies with the authors. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the European Community.
The EACI is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. This information contained in the report is given
for information purposes only and does not legally bind any of the parties involved.
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Introduction
Europeans face a daunting challenge in the global
(http://www.managenergy.net)
languages.
energy
1. Action Plan for Energy Efficiency: Realising the Potential, COM(2006) 545.
agencies
that
introduced
relevant
Integrated initiatives
Project example:
Active Learning
Are you a teacher? Then why dont you try
the new ready-to-use material available in 14
different languages in the new Active Learning
toolbox? The toolbox contains suggestions for
lively educational activities for children aged 612
based on the pedagogical principle of learning by
doing (see page 5).
Some 180 Champion Schools who participated
Intelligent energy
education is a key priority
within the IEE programme.
this brochure.
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Primary
colours
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
Lonfils Nicodeme
Le Centre Urbain/Stadswinkel asbl, Belgium
+32 22284253
lonfils.nicodeme@curbain.be
http://www.feedu.org
Persuasive force
of children through education
FEEDU
PARTN E R S
Agenzia Regionale per lEnergia della Liguria
Spa, Italy
Duration: 1/20058/2007
Objective
This project was conducted by 13 regional energy and advice centres in nine European countries. Aimed
specifically at primary schools, the project sought to raise the awareness of pupils and their parents with
respect to mobility, renewable energy and the rational use of energy in general. After being trained in
energy education and receiving the necessary tools and methodology, teachers introduced a projectbased learning plan. Teachers tested and evaluated relevant tools and then made them available to
primary schools and attended workshops on integrating energy education into the curriculum.
Results
> Some 450 teachers tested educational tools and experiences at 154 schools, with the
books, videos, science fair projects, games and activity books are available online to get
children interested in energy and mobility.
de Almada, Portugal
Slovenski E-Forum, Slovenia
> Children experienced a greater awareness of energy consumption at school and in the
> Teachers received training in energy education, allowing them to introduce project work in
> Teachers learned how to integrate energy education into the primary school system. The
home.
the classroom at their own initiative throughout the school year.
project showed that if educational tools are accompanied by guidelines, exercises and best
practices, teachers could easily integrate energy education into the regular curricula.
All hands
on deck
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
Kirsten Dyhr-Mikkelsen
Objective
Active Learning emphasises a practical, hands-on approach to education. With this in mind, this project
promoted active learning and energy monitoring as a tool for energy education among children aged
612. Specifically, the project aimed to change attitudes about energy use among the future generation
and ultimately lead to short- and long-term energy savings in school buildings and private households.
To expand the profile of energy efficiency, renewable energy and transport in primary school education,
Active Learning sought to lay the basis for integrating active learning into the national curricula. More
than 150 schools were invited to test a toolbox of material, and participated in seminars in which they
discussed experiences with energy monitoring and active learning. Representatives from agencies and
relevant ministries also provided input at these conferences.
Results
> The project established a basis of integrating active learning on energy efficiency,
renewable energy and sustainable transport into the national school curricula of all partner
countries.
> Participating schools reduced their energy consumption by 5%, while households of the
> Children at more than 180 primary schools conducted energy monitoring activities, which
helped them expand their knowledge of, and change their behaviour towards, energy
efficiency.
> Teachers benefited from a web-based toolbox of active learning activities on energy
efficiency, renewable energy and sustainable transport, including energy monitoring
materials.
> Energy experts, teachers, schools and school authorities, and energy agencies improved
their collaboration on energy education by establishing reference groups and lasting
routines as well as illustrative success stores that will serve as examples in the future.
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Homing
in on clean
energy
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
Rayner Mayer
Sciotech Projects Ltd, United Kingdom
+44 1183786357
rayner@sciotech.demon.co.uk
http://www.kyotoinhome.info
PARTN E R S
Agenzia Energia e Ambiente di Torino, Italy
Comune di Bologna, Area Urbanistica Ambiente
e Mobilit, Settore Ambiente e Verde Urbano,
Unit I, Italy
Agence de lEnvironnement et de la Matrise
de lEnergie (ADEME), France
HESPUL, France
Families can help the EU meet its greenhouse gas reduction targets by curbing domestic energy
consumption. This project sought to inform and educate teachers and students and their families about
the need for energy efficiency measures and renewable energy sources in the home. A KITH handbook
for schools included information on energy efficiency in the home and renewable energy technologies
suitable for domestic use and was complemented by a project website for householders. Partners
developed methodologies for helping teachers and students motivate students families.
Results
> This project fostered an integrated and holistic approach to energy efficiency and small
> Schools in all European countries gained access to suitable resource materials which may be
> Methodologies were developed for training teachers and getting students and their
> Resources and activities were devised for use in the EUs Energy Efficiency and Green Week
> The project website is a resource that can be used by anyone interested in making their
scale renewable energy providing either electricity and/or heat in residential homes.
translated and adapted, based on specific needs.
families interested in the need for using clean energy at home.
programmes.
homes more energy efficient, including details on the types of renewable energy most
suitable for domestic use.
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
Duration: 11/200610/2008
Objectives
Using open-source technology, this project developed the first innovative e-learning platform at
European level. The project developed an online group of contents and educational resources concerning
renewable energy sources, the rational use of energy, transport and mobility and intelligent energy in
buildings. The overall goal was to sensitise and train teenagers and the general public in the participating
countries, promote a new model of environmental education and create a new consciousness about the
Results
> New teaching materials were developed for educational institutions and Energy Agencies.
> A new E-Path network was created among 141 secondary schools, 325 teachers and 8125
> An e-learning platform was developed, along with the project website, for widespread use.
pupils.
New, high-quality technology and content were produced on renewable energy sources,
the rational use of energy, transport and mobility. The e-learning platform is available in
Bulgarian, Spanish, Greek, English, French, Italian, Slovenian and Norwegian.
> The projects success lay in the active participation of teachers and pupils as well as the
content developments, project partners, energy agencies and educational authorities.
Path to
success
Project Report, N8 April 2009 page 7
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Building
brand
awareness
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
PARTN E R S
Motiva Oy (Motiva), Finland
Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES),
Duration: 1/200712/2009
Greece
Le Centre Urbain/Stadswinkel asbl, Belgium
Energy Efficiency Agency (EEA), Bulgaria
ESCAN, S.A., Spain
Swedish Energy Agency (STEM), Sweden
Objectives
Multimedia messages can be very powerful in reaching the youngest members of society. This project
targets a minimum of 20 pilot schools in each partner country with a common energy story. Television
programmes, websites and events aimed at children and presented under a common brand and visual
profile seek to promote increased knowledge and understanding of energy use and its consequences.
Slovenia
This integrated approach requires the close cooperation of school authorities, communication experts
and others to ensure quality. The consortiums role and mandate increase the potential impacts and the
(KAPE), Poland
Results
> The project will result in coordinated strategies and materials for children to be used in
> All activities are to be introduced as part of the same integrated programme, increasing
> Partners have already contacted national TV producers or production companies to explore
> Measurable targets have been identified for each project activity, and the results will be
> Eventually, the project aims to create a shared experience between students and teachers
Integrated initiatives
Idea
factory
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
Brian MacNamee
Duration: 10/20073/2010
PA RTN ERS
Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd, Ireland
Objectives
Mobilise Energy/Aware seeks to change the way people use energy at home and in the workplace
de Murcia, Spain
by providing concrete ideas on energy-intelligent working and living patterns for local end-users. To
achieve this, the project will provide access to energy awareness materials already developed by public
and private organisations. It will also facilitate an exchange of information among those responsible for
energy awareness campaigns.
Results
> An online bank of materials from awareness campaigns already conducted by the public
and private sectors is available for downloading by others for use as examples. Materials in
numerous languages are listed by campaign or organisation, sector, type of material and
theme.
> Students will assist local businesses, organisations or their universities in developing energy
> A forum for exchanging knowledge, information and experience will encourage sharing
> The Donate Your Energy scheme will help companies trim energy bills by providing
> A forum for the exchange of knowledge, information and experience will increase the
sharing of best practices.
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Crossborder
cooperation
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
Antonio Di Nunzio
Agenzia Locale per lEnergia e lo Sviluppo
Ambientale della Provincia di Chieti, Italy
+39 087141421
precda@alesachieti.it
http://www.pees-project.eu
PARTN E R S
Volos Municipal Enterprise for Urban Studies
Objectives
Disseminating information about efficiency is often not enough to change the behaviour of energy-
system users and to encourage the sustainable use of energy; instead, one must actively involve the target
group. In the case of this project, this means young adults aged 1518 and their teachers. In a unique
exercise, students and teachers involved in P.E.E.S. were encouraged to cooperate with technicians from
the participating energy agencies to craft a common auditing pattern of energy consumption in school
buildings.
Results
> Participating students gained a new energy consciousness as a result of acquiring new
> Students and teachers of the six countries involved worked in close collaboration. A side
> Teachers involvement helped erase traditional barriers to the relationship with young
> A common methodology was established for measuring energy consumption at schools.
> Pilot schools developed a permanent Energy School Management targeting areas of energy
saving.
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
Rachel Close
Duration: 11/20077/2010
http://www.youngenergypeople.com
PA RTN ERS
Agenzia per lEnergia e lAmbiente
Objectives
Participating secondary schools will help devise a work programme that trains a School Energy
Management Team (SEMT) of pupils to survey the energy situation and introduce improvements on the
basis of their observations. This should equip pupils with important skills, which they can apply in the
workplace as adults. SEMTs will be matched with companies supporting the project so that pupils may to
apply their knowledge in a real-life context. The project results will be tested and evaluated to compile
a list of best practice examples for future use.
Sweden
Energy Agency of Livorno Province srl, Italy
Results
> Participating secondary school teachers will better understand the role of energy-related
education in their teaching, while participating workplaces will learn gain an insight into
the need and skills for managing energy consumption.
> Participating students will comprehend the issues related to energy use and develop skills
that enable them to manage their own energy consumption. After completing the project,
the students will be able to apply these skills at home and in the workplace, regardless of
which profession they choose.
> A programme of work, associated resources and a method for collaboration in energy
> Educational authorities will have concrete evidence of the success of energy-related
> Participating schools and workplaces will improve their energy efficiency and reduce
Young
Energy
People
at work!
Project Report, N8 April 2009 page 11
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
Luigi Petito
Business Solutions Europa Limited,
United Kingdom
+32 486619818
luigi@bs-europa.be
http://www.animate-eu.com
Duration: 9/20088/2010
PARTN E R S
The Regional Environmental Centre
for Central and Eastern Europe, Hungary
Objectives
YES is an exciting new animation project that will raise awareness among children about energy
production and consumption. Children will work with award-winning cartoonists and international
Explora, Italy
environmental experts to produce a cutting-edge three-part animated film, which will be freely available
to broadcasters across the EU. Three eight-minute episodes will cover issues from energy efficiency at
home, renewable energies, and energy-efficient transport; the episodes will be produced in English and
then translated into several languages. The animation will be complemented by a teaching pack for use
in schools across the EU allowing students to explore energy issues in more detail.
Results
> Most importantly, the animated films will help overcome the common communication
barriers to children on energy issues by using messages that resonate with them and using
a creative form of communication that captivates their imagination.
> Families will be indirectly encouraged to choose more efficient technologies. This applies to
> A teaching pack for use with the animation will be produced for use in schools across
> Children will receive valuable hands-on experience working with award-winning animators
and environmental experts to create a project that is truly innovative.
Yes
we can!
Project Report, N8 April 2009 page 12
Lights
out!
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
10
Oonagh McNerney
Duration: 9/20088/2010
PA RTN ERS
Spain
+34 652839215
omcnerney@ipic.cat
http://www.flicktheswitch.eu
Objectives
At any given time, more than three billion lights, computers, TVs, DVD players and other electrical
devices are on standby, wasting billions of watts of energy and millions of euro in unnecessary costs.
Using a catchy and easy-to-remember slogan, this project encourages pupils to flick the switch or turn
off all lights and electronic devices at school or at home when leaving a room. While each bulb does not
use much energy on its own, at 10 to 15 watts per device it all adds up. Project organisers will be able to
measure success in terms of improved energy efficiency, security, and lower CO2 emissions.
Results
> More than 2000 European schools will have been made aware of the campaign, with at
> The potential impact of students turning off unused lights and devices at school and at
Portugal
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering and Naval Architecture, Croatia
ISTITUTO COMPRENSIVO STATALE GAGLIANO
DEL CAPO (LE), Italy
Rakvere City Government, Estonia
Kurnai Paveniai secondary school, Lithuania
PPS Karmoy, Norway
home during the campaign is expected to save at least 1.6 million, as well as reduce CO2
emissions by 13600 tonnes.
> Materials developed for the project include a website, leaflet, posters, and educational and
training materials. Tools and materials from past initiatives will also be adapted and used
to add value to the campaign.
> Following the program, there will be a proven methodology for a European-wide energy
efficiency among schools which can be reused in the future as a platform for new campaigns
in other areas.
> In the long term, childrens families and friends will also start flicking the switch,
representing an enormous potential for sustainable energy savings, energy security and
protecting the environment.
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Community
outreach
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
11
Giorgio Pizzolato
Liceo Scientifico Statale Nicol Tron, Italy
+39 445521715
giorgio.pizzolato@tron.vi.it
http://www.egs-project.eu
PARTN E R S
Comunit Montana Associazione Comuni
del Trasimeno, Italy
Osuuskunta Eco-One, Finland
Agence Rgionale de lEnvironnement
de Haute-Normandie, France
Institut Universitaire de Formation des Matres
de lAcadmie de Rouen, France
Multidisziplinres Institut fr Europa-Forschung
Graz, Austria
Objectives
Local communities can play a key role in tackling energy issues and improving energy efficiency. This
project strives for a close collaboration between high school students and local authorities on these
matters. After defining the actual framework for implementing energy efficiency in schools, courses
for school staff and students will be organised. Above all, the project will seek to involve local actors in
helping develop educational programme and teacher training and improve governance.
Results
> An energy manifesto for energy efficiency in the schools communities will be developed.
> Special courses/training for school staff and students will be organised.
> At least 39 new energy projects will be created. Each school forum will choose and
implement one pilot activity that will be monitored and evaluated during the course of the
project.
> There will be a total of 13 school forums and action plans, with each plan incorporating at
least three community projects.
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
12
Fabio Tomasi
Duration: 8/20081/2011
PA RTN ERS
University of Ruse Angel Kanchev, Bulgaria
Objectives
This project will encourage secondary school students and teachers to use energy more efficiently in
everyday life. It will do this by means of a behaviour-oriented educational kit covering all priority topics
of energy saving: sustainable buildings, industry and sustainable transport, as well as renewable energy
resources. Teachers, students and educational authorities will be closely involved in designing, testing
and implementing the tool kit.
> A teachers handbook will be developed describing the methodology to be applied and the
Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latvian, Romanian, Solvenian and Swedish.
> The handbook will be accompanied by a tool kit outlining simple experiments to support
> Students handbooks, published in all the national languages of the countries involved in
teachers lessons.
use of the other tools in the kit. All teaching material will be available in Bulgarian, Czech,
Results
> The European Energy Saving Award will be given to the most energy-efficient schools and
students.
Raising
the energy-IQ
level
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
Let
the games
begin
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
13
Francesca Pignattini
Agenzia per lEnergia e lAmbiente della
Provincia di Perugia, Italy
+39 0755170824
info@aea.perugia.it
N/A
PARTN E R S
Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES),
Greece
Doukas School S.A., Greece
21 comprehensive education school
Objectives
The basic idea behind this project is to organise an international competition known as EYEManager
Championship. Six international teams composed of secondary school students representing the nine
participating countries must tackle the problem of energy management at school and in the home.
Students and teachers will initially receive energy training, and the team that reaps the best economic
saving will be recognised as the Best European Young Energy Managers Team. The final phase foresees
the student competitors sharing their new knowledge with their peers. Teachers will also be responsible
Tullngsskolan, Sweden
for transferring the curricula and education tools and methods developed during the course of their
project to their colleagues, so the learning process continues long after the competition has ended.
Slovenia
L. DA VINCI, Italy
Results
> Students will sharpen their energy skills and consciousness about energy matters.
Poland
> Teachers will improve their learning methods in energy education, and develop and test
innovative energy curricula for use by their colleagues. The complete EYEManager manual
and educational resource pack will be available in Bulgarian, English, Greek, Italian, Polish,
Portuguese, Romanian, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish thus making replication easy
across Europe.
> Schools and domestic households will improve their energy performance, leading to
> Schools will boost their transnational cooperation with one another, as well as with energy
significant energy efficiency and economic savings, as well as a reduction in carbon dioxide.
agencies.
Integrated initiatives
Passing
the torch
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
14
PD Dr Lutz Metz
Duration: 9/20088/2011
PA RTN ERS
fr Umweltpolitik, Germany
+49 3083855585
umwelt1@zedat.fu-berlin.de
http://www.schools-at-university.de
Objectives
Survival of modern societies depends on finding ways of acting responsibly with regard to the natural
resources on which life depends. In this project, participating universities will develop an interactive and
interdisciplinary educational programme for elementary and secondary school students aged 1013.
The goal is to raise childrens awareness about the core topics of climate change and sustainable energy
use, and demonstrate how they can contribute to climate protection by adopting intelligent energy
behaviour. In a best case scenario, elementary schools will integrate energy and climate change issues
into their regular curricula.
Results
> Every partner university will develop and deliver three to five national SAUCE programmes
for elementary and secondary school students. Universities will also invite up to 2500 pupils
for a five-day on-campus programme once or twice a year.
> The programme, which includes events for teachers, will facilitate the integration of energy
and climate change issues into the regular school curricula and disseminate best practice
examples of teaching materials and information sources. Teachers will enrol their pupils
regularly in the programs and choose from several educational tools.
> Continuing contacts with teachers will be fostered, and the inclusion of non-formal energy
education experts in the project will lead to networking between different educational
actors at national, regional and international levels.
> An organisers handbook featuring programme structure and checklists will serve as a guide
> A databank of lecturers, educational actors and best practice presentation materials from
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
CO O RD I N AT O R
15
Wilfrie Koekkoek
ROC Nijmegen, Netherlands
+31 243813200
w.koekkoek@roc-nijmegen.nl
http://www.ENERCITIES.com
Game-based platform:
Energy-efficient virtual Cities
ENERCITIES
PARTN E R S
Akademie Klausenhof gGmbH, Germany
Unified Vocational Training Centre of Cyclades,
Duration: 9/20088/2011
Greece
DIPUTACION DE GRANADA, Spain
Lancaster & Morecambe College,
United Kingdom
Andragoki zavod Ljudska univerza Velenje,
Slovenia
Paladin Studios, Netherlands
Qeam, Netherlands
Objectives
This project offers a fun and exciting game-based learning platform for young people to understand the
real-life implications of energy management and change their attitudes and behaviour in the future.
The goal is to create and expand virtual cities coping with pollution and energy shortages and seeking
to expand their use of renewable energy. Besides being attractive to young people, the platform is
teamwork-oriented, competition-based and community-oriented. Schools will also benefit by having a
learning tool for upgrading educational programmes.
Results
> Ideally, youngsters and teachers who use the game-based platform and related educational
> A substantial number of educational institutions in Europe will use the platform and related
> At least 26000 youngsters will be among the first to use the game-based platform in six
> A final conference to be held after the project is concluded will offer an overview of the
The name
of the game
Integrated initiatives
> C O N TA C T D E TA I L S
COORD IN ATOR
16
Sofia Spiliotopoulou
Duration: 1/200812/2010
PA RTN ERS
Liaison Committee for Renewable Energies,
Objectives
France
A severe shortage of skilled personnel in renewable energy-related fields is a major obstacle to the
success of deploying this clean energy source on a large scale. This project aims to address this problem
by equipping students in high school and higher education with the knowledge and skills required
to work in the renewable energy sector. This will be achieved by creating job profiles for all relevant
occupations and information on education and training offered in all 27 member states.
Results
Czech Republic
> A training assessment report will detail current best practices, gaps and potential areas for
improvement in renewable energy-related education in six EU countries. The information
will be based on interviews with no less than 200 interest parties.
> An online tool will contain at least 40 job profiles of renewable energy sources (RES)
occupations, based on occupations identified in the Leonardo Earth CARE project for
sectors including wind energy, solar, geothermal and hydropower.
> Students will be able to search the database in researching future professions and the
> Eventually training will be offered in 27 EU countries related to renewable energy sources
> Results will be disseminated to a minimum of 3000 interested parties through four national
Plugging
the skills gap
Projectreport
Integrated initiatives
European Commission
Energy and Transport
More information about what the European Commission
is doing in the field of energy and transport is available online
(http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/energy_transport/index_en.htm).
Photos
Cover: iStockphoto.com/Robert Hunt and iStockphoto.com/Frank van Haalen, page 2: iStockphoto.com/Eva Serrabassa, pages 3 and 14: iStockphoto.com/Lisa F. Young,
page 3: iStockphoto.com/Arpad Nagy-Bagoly, page 4: iStockphoto.com /Mikhail Tolstoy, pages 5 and 20: iStockphoto.com/Bart Coenders, pages 6 and 20: iStockphoto.com,
page 7: iStockphoto.com, page 8: iStockphoto.com, page 9: iStockphoto.com/Anastasiya Maksymenko, page 10: iStockphoto.com, page 11: iStockphoto.com/
Natalya Ivaniadze, page 12: iStockphoto.com /Helder Almeida, page 13: iStockphoto.com /Sergei Popov, page 15: iStockphoto.com/Cora Reed, page 16: iStockphoto.com/
Brandon Alms, page 17: iStockphoto.com/Daniela Jovanovska-Hristovska, page 18: iStockphoto.com/Pamela Moore, page 19: iStockphoto.com/Lachlan Currie.
EA-78-09-827-EN-C
Energy education
executive agency
EUROPEAN COMMISSION