Coatings

Formulation
Guide

Formulating High-Quality
Coatings with Celatom
Functional Additives

round the world, makers of

high-quality architectural
and industrial coatings have
discovered the benefits
of Celatom diatomaceous
earth (DE), also known
as diatomite or kieselghr.
In most
industrially-developed regions, DE is used
in the majority of high-quality interior and
exterior formulations. In recent years, strong
economic growth and booming construction
markets in developing countries have
attracted the attention of major international
paint companies. They have acquired local
companies and invested heavily in modern
facilities and advertising, in markets
that were traditionally served by local or
regional paint producers. In response, local
producers are seeking to increase the quality
of their products to remain competitive.
In many cases, Celatom DE has been an
important component of their new highperformance formulations.

This guide is intended primarily for those

coatings chemists who are not experienced
with the use of DE. It will provide an
explanation of the functions of DE in coatings,
a comparison of DE to other minerals, and
some sample formulations that may serve as
starting points for product development and
testing. EP Minerals also has a dedicated
coatings formulation and testing laboratory,
with the capability to assist our customers with
their development programs.

Case
Studies:

regional coatings producer in Turkey

needed a deep matte architectural finish
for their market, and they desired to
improve the performance of their products to be
more competitive with higher-quality imported
coatings. We introduced them to Celatom
MW-27 as the most effective matting agent on
the market, and they began trials. They were
impressed with the performance of MW-27
not only to achieve a dead-flat finish, but also for
improved hiding capacity and scrub resistance.
The company launched a new line of interior
finishes incorporating MW-27, and developed
a major marketing campaign around their new
higher-quality products.

major international coatings

producer was using a competitors
natural DE product, but when
they learned about the superior efficiency
of Celatom LCS-3, they began a reformulation and testing program. EP
Minerals' paint chemist worked with this
customer on their development program,
including testing their formulations in
our lab and also working side-by-side
in the customers paint lab. Together
we developed a new formulation that
achieved equivalent matting performance
using 30% LESS DE in their formulation
by using LCS-3. This allowed a lower
final pigment volume concentration and
improved scrub and burnish properties,
with equal or reduced cost.

Celatom DE vs. Other Mineral Fillers

Diatomaceous earth is unique among industrial mineral fillers, because of its complex microscopic structure.
Most mineral fillers are produced by grinding and classification of natural crystals, which have forms which are
either blocky (e.g., calcium carbonate, and ground quartz), or plate-like (e.g., talc, clay and mica).

Ground Calcium Carbonate

Mica

Talc

Unlike these typical minerals, DE is of biogenic origin, made by microscopic unicellular aquatic plants, called
diatoms. The individual diatom structures are made of nearly pure silica, with a complex, highly porous threedimensional structure.

This silica structure gives DE unique characteristics:

Chemically inert natural, safe and pure

Dimensionally stable, even at high temperatures
Very low density
Compatible with (and easily dispersed in) both organic and aqueous formulations
High strength
Light diffraction efficiency
Slight abrasiveness and tooth for improved inter-coat adhesion
Consistent particle size and shape

What does Celatom DE do in coatings?

Celatom DE is not just a filler, but a multi-functional mineral additive and a key component in highperformance paints. It does add bulk and reduce cost, but it also improves the overall performance of the
coating in a variety of ways:
Superior gloss and sheen control
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)extension
Control of solvent release and open time
Control of polishing or burnish
Viscosity control - brush feel and shelf stability
Tooth for inter-coat adhesion
Sanding improvement
Scrub and stain resistance
Resistance to cracking
Consistent touch-up performance
There are other minerals that can contribute to some of these functions, but none offer this broad array of
benefits - resulting in a better overall product. Your paint will look better, be more durable, have a longer shelf
life, and it will be easier to apply by brush, roller, or spray.

Multi-Function Effectiveness of Celatom DE

Function

Comment

Control of gloss and sheen

Excellent

Control of film permeability

Function

Comment

Effect on brightness

Good

Good

Effect on tint retention

Good

Tooth for topcoat adhesion

Good

Touch-up improvement

Control of pigment spacing

Good

Suspendability

Good

Faster solvent release

Good

Ease of wetting

Excellent

Sanding improvement

Good

Scrub resistance

Good

Mar resistance

Good

Chip resistance

Good

Transparency in clear coats

Good

Stain removal

Good

Viscosity stability

Good

Excellent

Working together with Other Minerals

Celatom DE functional additives are particularly effective when used in combination with different types
of extender pigments and minerals. For example, talc is made more efficient and provides better sheen when
used in conjunction with Celatom. The sample formulations on the following pages illustrate the effects of
substituting all of a mineral with Celatom, and also the effects of substituting only a portion of another mineral,
using the two minerals in combination.
Another major benefit is that Celatom can be added in smaller amounts than other minerals, while maintaining
the same degree of matting, thus reducing the amount of extenders needed.

Gloss and Sheen Control

Unlike other minerals such as talc and calcium carbonate, Celatom DE has an intricate structure composed
of microscopic individual diatoms. When parts of the diatoms protrude from the coating surface, they diffract
light very efficiently and promote a uniform low sheen. By mixing different grades and quantities, the paints
luster can be uniformly and reliably controlled to any degree, from semigloss to flat.

In general, the larger the particle size, the more flat the finish. For a semi-gloss finish, choose Celabrite or MW25. For a matte finish, LCS-3, MW-27, and MW-31 are the best choices. For a textured or non-slip finish, we
offer particle size ranges up to 100 microns.
In addition, our consistent high-quality and uniform particle sizes assure perfect batch-to-batch matching of
color and sheen, as well as clog-free performance in professional spray equipment.
Because of the low density and high matting efficiency of Celatom DE, a high degree of matting can be
achieved with lower mineral content. The resulting lower pigment volume concentration (PVC) means a
stronger and more durable, higher quality coating, at an equivalent or reduced cost. In addition, Celatom DE
will provide all of the other benefits described above.

Opacity and TiO2 Extension

Because of its low density and narrow particle size distribution, Celatom DE products are efficient extenders for
more-expensive TiO2 pigments. Our diatoms, at 10 to 15 microns in diameter, are optimally sized and structured
for this purpose in two ways. First, the diatoms disperse uniformly in the coating and help space the particles of
TiO2 optimally through the film, for maximum opacity and effectiveness. Second, the size and structure of the
diatoms diffract light as it passes through the film, which improves both matting and opacity, One of the following
sample formulations specifically illustrates how Celatom DE products can be used to replace 5% to 10% of the
TiO2 in a paint formulation with no significant negative effect on color or opacity.
5

Celatom DE Functional Additive Products

The chart below lists the Celatom products commonly used in coatings formulations. Our most popular grades
are flux-calcined products, which are white in color and contain crystalline silica. In addition, EP Minerals
offers a natural DE grades which eliminate the need for crystalline silica labeling. The natural DE also provides
better suspension and dispersion properties in aqueous media.

Typical Physical & Chemical Properties

Grade #

Celabrite

MW-25

MW-27

MW-31

LCS-3

Sieve Analysis1
%+150 Mesh
%+325 Mesh

0.0
0.0

0.1

1.0

5.0

0.7

Median Particle
Diameter (microns)

9.0

11.0

13.0

16.0

11.0

Hegman

4.0

3.5

1.0

2.0

Density (lbs/ft3)
Wet Bulk
Dry Bulk

31
10

30
10

27
12

25
13

22
9.5

Density (g/l)
Wet Bulk
Dry Bulk

500
160

480
160

430
190

400
210

350
152

pH (10%) Slurry)

9.5

10.0

10.0

10.0

7.5

Color

White

White

White

White

Off-White

GE Brightness

91

90

90

90

83

Oil Absorption2
Water Absorption2

120
-

120
-

135
-

145
-

170
-

Refractive Index

1.46

1.46

1.46

1.46

1.46

How to formulate with Celatom DE

Remember that Celatom DE has a low density, so less material is required than other minerals. Fine tuning of
the resin content, solvent dilution, and dispersants may be needed to obtain the optimal performance. On the
following pages are a few example formulations illustrating potential applications, along with the effects on
coating performance.
Density Comparison

CaCO3
Talc
Flux-Calcined
DE
Natural
DE
0

100

200

300

400

Dry Dens ity g/ l

500

600

700

Talc Substitution in Interior Acrylic Paint (PVC = 45%)

100 parts of talc can be replaced with only 30 parts of Celatom MW-25

Better matting (lower gloss)

Better opacity and scrub resistance

Equivalent burnish resistance

Alternatively, to maintain the equal solids, 25 parts of Celatom MW-25 and 75 parts of calcium
carbonate may be used in combination

Much lower gloss

Better opacity and scrub resistance

Reduced burnish resistance vs. talc alone or Celatom alone

Formulation
Paint ID
TiO2
Talc
Celatom MW-25
Ground CaCO3

Talc only

MW-25 only

MW-25 + CaCO3
(Equal solids)

225
100

225
-

225
-

30

25

75

45
47.6
35.1
1.258
95.9
2.014
5

40
42.9
32.5
1.234
98.6
2.225
4.5

45
47.6
35.1
1.222
99.7
2.117
3.8

1.3
5
10
0.96
95.89
-0.89
2.84
973

1.3
4.6
4.7
0.971
96.29
-0.77
3
1476

1.2
3.3
1.8
0.948
95.85
-0.69
3.04
1283

15.0
17.3
15.3

7.6
8.8
15.8

3.6
4.3
19.4

Paint Properties
% PVC
% Solids by weight
% Solids by volume
Density (kg per liter)
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Grind

Film Properties
Gloss, 20
Gloss, 60
Sheen, 85
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film
L*
a*
b*
Scrub resistance, cycles
Burnish resistance
Initial 85
85 after burnish
% Increase in gloss after burnish

Interior Acrylic
Talc Replacement
Sample Formulations

Talc Only

MW-25 Only

MW25 + CaCO3
(Equal Parts)

Ingredients
Water
Natrosol Plus

Grams
150.0
0.5

Grams
150.0
0.5

Grams
150.0
0.5

Nopocide N96

2.0

2.0

2.0

Drewplus Y-381
Tamol 731
Triton X-100
PK-80

1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4

1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4

1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4

Tiona 595
Talc
Celatom MW-25

225.0
100.0

225.0
-

225.0
-

30.0

25.0

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

12.9
100.0

12.9
100.0

75.0
12.9
100.0

Ucar 367 PVA

Drewplus Y-381

290.0
2.0

290.0
2.0

290.0
2.0

Water
Natrosol Plus

150.0
1.6

150.0
1.6

150.0
1.6

Ammonium Hydroxide
Drewplus Y-381
Aquaflow 300
Aquaflow 220

1.6
3.6
15.0
20.0

1.6
3.6
8.5
15.0

1.6
3.6
15.0
20.0

Total

1086

1004

1086

Paint ID

Premix

Mix at low speed for 10 minutes

Texanol
Water

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Premix

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Interior Acrylic (PVC = 65%)

Partial Replacement of Calcined Clay and Ground CaCO3

Replace 25 parts of CaCO3 carbonate and 25 parts of calcined clay with 25 parts of Celatom MW-25
(by weight)

Improved flatting (decreased sheen and gloss)

Equivalent hiding power (opacity)

Slight improvement in scrub and burnish resistance

Paint Properties
Paint ID

Without MW-25

With MW-25

1.400

1.361

107

110

2.056

2.135

3.5

Gloss, 20

1.2

1.2

Gloss, 60

1.9

1.7

Sheen, 85

1.2

0.9

0.978

0.964

L*

95.94

96.7

a*

-0.77

-0.74

b*

3.03

3.24

Scrub resistance, cycles

350

396

Burnish resistance
Initial 85
85 after burnish

1.9
4.4

1.4
2.9

131.6

111.3

Density (kg per liter)

Stormer, KU
ICI, poise
Grind

Film Properties

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

% Increase in gloss after burnish

Interior Acrylic
Partial Replacement of Clay and Ground CaCO3
Sample Formulations

Paint ID

Without MW-25

With MW-25

Grams
172.0
0.5

Grams
172.0
0.5

Diwcil 75

2.0

2.0

Drewplus Y-381
Tamol 731
Trycol 7000
PK-80

1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4

1.2
5.4
2.8
2.4

175.0

175.0

175.0
125.0

150.0
100.0

5.0
12.9
100.0

25.0
5.0
12.9
100.0

175.0
2.0

175.0
2.0

Water
Natrosol Plus

110.0
1.6

110.0
1.6

Ammonium Hydroxide
Drewplus Y-381
Aquaflow 300
Aquaflow 220
Water

1.6
3.6
8.0
15.0
45.0

1.6
3.6
8.0
15.0
45.0

1141

1116

Ingredients
Water
Natrosol Plus

Premix

Mix at low speed for 10 minutes

Tiona 595
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Glomax
Celatom MW-25

Attegal 50
Texanol
Water

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Ucar 367 PVA
Drewplus Y-381

Add the grind here

Premix

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Total

10

Interior Semi-Gloss Acrylic Paint

Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline Silica

20% to 30% of Microcrystalline Silica (MS) in semi-gloss paint can be replaced with Celatom MW-25

Reduced cost

Equivalent Performance
Formulation
Microcrystalline
Silica

Replace 20% of MS
with MW-25

Replace 30% of
MS with MW-25

25

20

17.5

7.5

% PVC

21.3

21.3

21.3

% Solids by volume

37.6

37.6

37.6

Density (kg per liter)

1.271

1.266

1.268

95

98

99

1.400

1.408

1.420

Gloss, 20

5.7

5.8

6.6

Gloss, 60

38.1

33.6

31.9

Sheen, 85

64.2

54.3

49.8

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

0.969

0.946

0.958

L*

96.01

96.83

96.43

a*

-0.22

-0.27

-0.23

b*

1.44

1.20

1.20

Scrub resistance, cycles

2581

2635

2705

Burnish resistance
Initial 60
60 after burnish

49.5
50.2

38.2
40.1

37.9
38.8

1.4

4.5

Paint ID
Imsil A 15
Celatom MW-25

Paint Properties

Stormer, KU
ICI, poise

Film Properties

% Increase in gloss after burnish

11

Interior Semi-Gloss
Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline
Sample Formulations

Microcrystalline
Silica

Replace 20% of MS
with MW-25

Replace 30% of MS
with MW-25

Ingredients

Grams

Grams

Grams

Water

110.5

110.5

110.5

Natrosol 330 Plus

1.8

1.8

1.8

Dowicil

3.0

3.0

3.0

Propylene Glycol

32.0

32.0

32.0

AMP 95

1.5

1.5

1.5

Strodex PK 05G

3.5

3.5

3.5

Drew L-495

1.9

1.9

1.9

Tamol 731A

7.4

7.4

7.4

5.0

7.5

25.0

20.0

17.5

Paint ID

Premix

Celatom MW-25
Imsil A 15

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Ti Pure 746

300.0

300.0

300.0

Drew L-495

2.5

2.5

2.5

Rhoplex

530.0

530.0

530.0

Texanol

19.0

19.0

19.0

Aquaflow 220

15.0

15.0

15.0

5.7

5.7

5.7

1059

1059

Water

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Total

1059

12

Using Celatom DE for TiO2 Extension and Opacity

Example: Flat acrylic latex formulation (Simplified test formulation)

Replace a portion of the TiO2 with Celatom LCS-3, MW-27, and CelaBrite

PVC = 29%

Opacity (contrast ratio) is maintained, even up to 35% replacement

Above 15% replacement, the color (b*) becomes more yellow

Conclusion: 5% to 10% replacement is reasonable and effective, with minimal negative effects on
coating color, opacity, and performance.

Formulation
Paint ID

10

15

20

25

30

35

10

Water

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

21.0

22.0

23.0

24.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

Tamol 731A

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Dowicil 75

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Tiona 595

17.0

16.15

Celatom LCS-3

TiO0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 by0.1LCS-3
0.1
2 Replacement
15.3 14.45
13.6 12.75
11.9 11.05 17.0
Sample
Formulations

0.2

10.0

10.85

11.7

12.55

13.4

14.25

15.1

15.95

Celatom MW-27
or CelaBrite

10.0

TiO2 Replacement
by LCS-3 (%)
TiO2 Replacement
by MW-27 or
CelaBrite (%)

Potassium
Hydroxide
Drew Plus 381

0.1

16.66
-

16.32 15.98 15.64

-

10.34 10.68

15.3

11.02

11.36

11.7

Disperse for 15 minutes using Cowles, then add:

Water

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Ucar 367

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

Mix for 5 minutes, then add together and mix:

Acrysol RM5
associative th
Water
Total

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

13

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with LCS-3
TiO2 Reduction using LCS-3
3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

% TiO2 reduction
Sheen 85 degrees

Contrast Ratio - 3 mil

b*

LCS-3 Replacement Performance

Formulation
Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by LCS-3 (%)

10

15

20

25

30

35

83

82

84

84

86

83

85

85

1.961

1.10

1.192

1.183

1.125

1.158

1.567

1.575

Gloss, 20

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

Gloss, 60

3.5

3.4

3.0

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

Sheen, 85

3.1

2.6

2.2

2.1

2.1

1.9

1.8

1.7

0.980

0.969

0.976

0.965

0.968

0.965

0.969

0.983

L*

94.9

94.9

94.6

94.7

94.5

94.5

94.6

94.4

a*

-1.6

-1.8

-1.7

-1.7

-1.7

-1.6

-1.6

-1.6

b*

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.8

2.0

2.3

2.4

Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise

Film Properties

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

14

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with MW-27
TiO2 Reduction using MW-27
1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0

10

11

% TiO2 reduction

Sheen 85 degrees

Contrast Ratio - 3 mil

b*

MW-27 Replacement Performance

Formulation
Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)

10

89

86

87

86

88

89

0.856

0.75

0.965

0.958

1.022

0.866

Gloss, 20

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

Gloss, 60

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.1

Sheen, 85

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.973

0.971

0.946

0.949

0.937

0.945

L*

96.39

96.44

96.49

96.69

96.20

96.21

a*

-0.35

-0.28

-0.28

-0.27

-0.40

-0.39

b*

1.12

0.69

0.81

0.69

0.69

0.70

Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise

Film Properties

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

15

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with CelaBrite
TiO2 Reduction using CelaBrite
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

10

% TiO2 reduction
Sheen 85 degrees

Contrast Ratio - 3 mil

b*

CelaBrite Replacement Performance

Formulation
Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)

10

86

85

86

84

85

85

0.869

0.890

0.965

0856

0.902

0.952

Gloss, 20

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

Gloss, 60

2.3

2.3

2.1

2.1

2.1

1.9

Sheen, 85

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

0.6

0.5

0.972

0.952

0.942

0.969

0.950

0.948

L*

96.16

95.80

95.46

96.10

95.65

95.20

a*

-0.28

-0.28

-0.25

-0.13

-0.29

-0.28

b*

0.86

1.15

0.87

1.19

0.82

0.98

Paint Properties
Stormer, KU
ICI, poise

Film Properties

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

16

Metal Coil Coatings

Replacement of Ground Quartz Silica
Application: Solvent-based acid-catalyzed
polyurethane top coat
Acid catalysis requires inert fillers with
a neutral pH
Generally cannot use calcium carbonate
or talc
Functions of Celatom DE are similar to
ground silica
Inter-coat adhesion
Flexibility (resistance to cracking and
chipping)
Impact resistance
UV protection (reduced chalking)
Advantages of Celatom LCS-3
Longer shelf life, more stable dispersion,
reduced hard settling

Formulation
Ground
Silica

Celatom
LCS-3

74

84.3

Gloss, 20
Gloss, 60
Sheen, 85
Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film (76 m)
L*

86.9
98.6
119.8
0.790
94.86

61.1
91.4
114.4
0.804
94.78

a*
b*
ASTM D 4145 Flexibility
ASTM D2794 - Impact
(1.8 kg weight, 1.27 cm diameter)

-0.61
-0.87
90

-0.72
-0.45
90

10 cm

10 cm

Paint ID

Paint Properties
Stormer, KU

Film Properties

Better and more consistent brightness

and color

Sample Formulations
Paint ID
Ingredients
Polymac 220-1001
Cymel 303FL
Tiona 595

Eastman CAB 551 - 0.2

PM Acetate
Optifilm Enhancer 400
Nacure 1051
Minusil 30
Celatom LCS-3

Dowanol PMA
Aromatic 150 fluid
Total

Ground Silica

Celatom LCS-3

Grams
455.0
75.0
287.0

Grams
455.0
75.0
287.0

4.0
33.5
20.0
4.0
21.0

4.0
33.5
20.0
4.0
-

33.5
67.0
1000

21.0
33.5
67.0
1000

17

The table below lists the suppliers of the various

trademarked ingredients used in the sample formulations:
Ingredient

Purpose

Supplier

AMP 95

Dispersant

Dow Chemical

Aquaflow 220

Rheology Modifier

Aqualon

Aquaflow 300

Rheology Modifier

Aqualon

Aromatic 150 Fluid

Retarder Solvent

Exxon Mobil

Attagel 50 (Attapulgite Clay)

Thickener

BASF

Cymel 303FL

Melamine Cross Linking Agent

Cytec Industries, Inc.

Diafil 575 (Diatomite)

Extender

World Minerals

Dowanol PMA

Dibasic Ester

Dow Chemical

Drew L-495

Defoamer

Rohm and Haas Co

Drewplus Y-381

Defoamer

Rohm and Haas Co

Eastman CAB 551-0.2

Cellulose Ester

Eastman Chemical Company

Glomax LL (Calcined Clay)

Extender

Imerys

Imsil A15 (Silica)

Pigment

Unimin

Minusil 30 (Silica)

Extender

US Silica

Nacure 1051

Sulphonic Acid Catalyst

King Industries

Natrosol 330 Plus

Thickener

Aqualon

Nopocide N96

Fungicide

Cognis

Omya Carb 8 (Calcium Carbonate)

Filler

Omya

Optifilm Enhancer 400

Retarder Solvent

Eastman Chemical Company

PM Acetate

Solvent

Eastman Chemical Company

Polymac 220-1001

Saturated Polymer Resin

Hexion Specialty Chemicals

Propylene Glycol

Solvent

Dow Chemical

Rhoplex ML 200

Waterborne Acrylic Binder

Rohm and Haas Co

Sericron 3M (Talc)

Extender

SMI

Strodex PK-80

Phosphate Ester Surfactant

Hercules

Strodex PL 95G

Phosphate Ester Surfactant

Hercules

Tamol 731

Dispersant

Rohm and Haas Co

Texanol

Coalescent

Eastman Chemical Co

Ti Pure 746 (TiO2)

Pigment

Dupont

Triton X-100

Non-ionic Surfactant

Rohm and Haas Co

Trycol 7000

Surfactant

Cognis

Ucar 367 PVA

Polyvinyl Resin

Dow Chemical

18

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