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Potential for
reservoirs
Reservoirs,
or man-made
lakes are huge water bodies that are
created primarily for irrigation, power
generation and other water resource
development purposes. India has 19,
370 reservoirs spread over 16 states and
this is expected to increase due to the
execution of various water projects in
the country.
The reservoirs of India have a
combined surface area of 3.25 million
hectares, mostly in the tropical zone,
which makes them the countrys most
important inland water resource, with
huge untapped potential.
Cage culture is an alternative to inland
pond culture, whereby existing water
resources are used to increase fish
production, and the fish are enclosed
in a cage allowing the water to pass
freely between the fish. The young fish
and other aquatic species are kept, fed
and grown to marketable size in these
cages, which are made of high-density
polyethylene.
Now cage fish farming started in the
reservoirs of states like Tamil Nadu,
Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala,
Odessa, Karnataka, West Bengal,
Chhattisgarh, Assam, Tripura, Manipur,
Bihar, Srinagar (J&K), Uttar Pradesh,
Andhra Pradesh, as well as Telangana, to
name but a few.
Present status
In India cage culture in inland water bodies was initiated for the first time in air breathing fishes in
swamps, for raising major carps in running water in Jamuna and Ganga at Allahabad and for raising carps,
snakeheads and tilapia in lentic water bodies of Karnataka. Thereafter, the cages have been used for rearing
fry in many reservoirs and floodplain wetlands to produce advanced fingerlings for stocking main water
bodies.
The Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, Kolkata has taken lead role in
popularising fish rearing in net cages in freshwaters especially in reservoirs as well as wetlands in the
country.
46 | March | April 2016 - International Aquafeed
Culture practices
Species cultured: The choice of species depends to a large extent on availability of fish seed, feed and market
demand. However, the main desirable characteristics of the candidate species for cage culture are potential for fast
growth, high survival, capacity to withstand overcrowding, rapid adoption to artificial feeds, high-feed conversion
rate, quality flesh and resistance to diseases. At present, cage farming in India predominantly includes the farming of
sutchi catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.
Stocking density: The number of fishes that can be stocked in cage is variable and depends on carrying capacity of
the water, water exchange, species of fishes and quantity and quality of supplementary feed input. In each cage (6m
x 4m x 4m size) 5 000 fingerlings are stoking and allow them to grow for 8 10 months period by adopting proper
management methods. Depending on the farmers choice, some cages allow for tilapia fish culture and some cages
allow for pangas catfish to be cultured separately.
Feed & feeding methods: Floating pellet feed is given to the fish that are grown in cages. The feed is in different
sizes i.e. starter, grower and finisher with varying crude protein levels. Feeding is done twice a day i.e. morning and
evening.
Production level: At the end of the culture period, which ranges from eight to ten months, three to five tonnes of
fish are produced just from one cage compartment i.e. 6m x 4m x 4m size. Generally each battery consists of 12 cage
International Aquafeed - March | April 2016 | 47
Images: Reservoirs,
or man-made lakes
are huge water
bodies that are
created primarily
for irrigation, power
generation and
other water resource
development
purposes. India has
19, 370 reservoirs
spread over 16 states
and this is expected
to increase due
to the execution
of various water
projects in the
country.
Role of NFDB
Dr B. Laxmappa,
Fisheries
Development
Officer, Department
of Fisheries,
Mahabubnagar 509
001, Telangana,
India. E-mail:
laxmappaboini@
gmail.com
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