Roll No.

Submitted To:
Submitted By:

134
(6th Semester)
Mr. Hassaan
Zohaib Ali

Govt. Post Graduate College Jhelum

Wireless System
Wireless System is among technologys biggest contributions to
mankind. Wireless communication involves the transmission of
information over a distance without help of wires, cables or any
other forms of electrical conductors. The transmitted distance can
be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a televisions
remote control) and thousands of kilometres (for example, radio
communication).
Some of the devices used for wireless communication are cordless
telephones, mobiles, GPS units, wireless computer parts, and
satellite television.
Each of these systems contains at least one transmitting antenna
and at least one receiving antenna. In the abstract, an antenna
may be thought of as any device that converts a guided signal,
such as a signal in an electrical circuit or transmission line, into an
unguided signal propagating in space, or vice versa. We note in
passing that some systems do not need to transmit and receive
simultaneously. For example, the WiFi local area network
computer interface uses a single antenna that is switched
between transmitter and receiver. Specifically, a pulse of energy
is transmitted, after which the antenna is switched to a receiver
to detect the response from the network access point.

Advantages
Wireless communication has the following advantages:
i.
Communication has enhanced to convey the information
quickly to the consumers.
ii.
Working professionals can work and access Internet
anywhere and anytime without carrying cables or wires wherever
they go. This also helps to complete the work anywhere on time
and improves the productivity.

iii.
Doctors, workers and other professionals working in remote
areas can be in touch with medical centres through wireless
communication.
iv.
Urgent situation can be alerted through wireless
communication. The affected regions can be provided help and
support with the help of these alerts through wireless
communication.
v.

Wireless networks are cheaper to install and maintain.

Disadvantages
The growth of wireless network has enabled us to use personal
devices anywhere and anytime. This has helped mankind to
improve in every field of life but this has led many threats as well.
Wireless network has led to many security threats to mankind. It
is very easy for the hackers to grab the wireless signals that are
spread in the air. It is very important to secure the wireless
network so that the information cannot be exploited by the
unauthorized users. This also increases the risk to lose
information. Strong security protocols must be created to secure
the wireless signals like WPA and WPA2. Another way to secure
the wireless network is to have wireless intrusion prevention
system.

MOBILE SYSTEM
A mobile operating system (mobile OS) is an OS built exclusively
for a mobile device, such as a smartphone, personal digital
assistant (PDA), tablet or other embedded mobile OS. Popular
mobile operating systems are Android, Symbian, iOS, BlackBerry
OS and Windows Mobile.
A mobile OS is responsible for identifying and defining mobile
device features and functions, including keypads, application

synchronization, email, thumbwheel and text messaging. A mobile

OS is similar to a standard OS (like Windows, Linux, and Mac) but
is relatively simple and light and primarily manages the wireless
variations of local and broadband connections, mobile multimedia
and various input methods.
To adapt to inherent mobile device environments, a mobile OS
runs on limited resources emphasizing communication, such as
random access memory (RAM), storage and central processing
unit (CPU) speed.
Below is an example describing how text messaging works on a
mobile OS:
A mobile application allows a user to read and write a
message for delivery to a mobile device through radio signal
waves. After the device receives the message signals, the
device notifies the mobile OS, which stores the message and
notifies the messaging application.
The user reads the message and responds with a reply
message.
The OS uses the hardware antennae to transmit the
message.
With the exception of Android (developed by Google), mobile
operating systems are developed by different mobile phone
manufacturers, including Nokia (Symbian, MeeGo, Maemo); Apple
(Apple iOS); Research In Motion (RIM) (BlackBerry OS); Microsoft
(Windows Mobile, Windows Phone) and Samsung (Palm WebOS
and bada). Android, LiMo, Maemo, Openmoko and Qt Extended
(Qtopia) are based on the Linux open-source OS.