PREFACE

Due to increased communication and transportation feasibilities, the world is

becoming more and more easily accessible for business and trading activity. As a student
of management has at this level only domestic business knowledge is not enough and
there is difference between this domestic knowledge and global knowledge. To survive in
this highly competitive world, global studies are given much more importance to take
maximum benefit of global market knowledge of global market is a must.
Through this project we can acquire knowledge and get different information about
Portugal. We have selected this country because it is developing country like India and has
lots of Scope of tourism like India.
So the project is for the scope of touism study on Portugal, we have tried to cover
most of the practical aspects which is needed for transacting with Portugal.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a great pleasure studying at. V.B NANDOLA M.B.A. COLLEGE takes opportunity
to extend my gratitude towards all those persons who have directly or indirectly help me
for their valuable contribution and guidance.
We would like to thank Pro.Juli Babariya (HOD at V. B. Nandola MBA College) as a
very good learning experience working under her guidance, who always motivated us to
try new things and work.
Thanks to all faculty members those who have given a lot valuable suggestion,
guidance, and mentoring us on theory and practical experience of management. This
gives us better opportunity to learn many new things and generate new and innovative
idea.
Even finally we would like to thank to all our friends, classmates and all people who
help and support a lot during entire project on G.C.R.

PALCE- Bhacha

Yours Faithfully,

DATE -

Index
Sr.

Content

Page

No
1.

Summary of Report( part 1)

2.

Summary of report (part 2)

10

3.

Introduction of tourism in Portugal

15

No.
5

4.

STEEPLED analysis

35

5.

About SOTC

41

6.

INVESTMENT

AND

47

7.

PORTUGAL INDIA
OUTBOUND IN BOUND SPECIALIST OF

50

8.
9.

SOTC
SWOT Analysis
Market Opportunities for investment in

53
54

10.

Portugal
Portugal Attractions

56

11.

INDIA AND PORTUGAL TRADE

59

12.

Contribution of India in tourism

61

13.

CONTRIBUTION

OF

SOTC

OF

IN

INDIA

PORTUGAL

IN

62

15.

TOURISM
Policies and Norms of India for Import or
export to the selected country including
licensing / permission, taxation, Trade
Barriers etc.
Global strategies tourism in Portugal

16.

Winning strategies of tourism in Portugal

70

17.

Future Projections of the tourism with

74

18.

Portugal during next 3 to 5 years

Resources required to tap the business

75

19.

opportunity in selected country

Findings and suggestions

82

20.

Conclusion

84

21.

Bibliography

85

14.

63

67

1.Summary Part -1
Portugal tourism industry is growing by leaps and bounds and is making a mark in
the world tourism industry. Portugal tourism industry has contributed immensely to the
social as well as economic development of Portugal. Over the years, Portugal has grown
steadily in the travel and tourism industry and is still enhancing its presence in the global
tourism market. As Portugal has several tourism rich sites, Portugal tourism industry earns
the main revenues for the economic development of Portugal. Maintaining an annual
growth rate at of 7% the tourism in Portugal has already become a new sector of
economic growth.
Portugal population growth rate is only 0.47% approx., ranking 156th in the world.
Since the initiation of economic reforms in 1979, Portugal has become one of the worlds
fastest growing economics. From 1979 to 2015 Portugals real GDP grew at an average
annual rate of 9.6% approx.

The annual growth of any country as dependent on the growth of different industries
in that country. Here some of the industries trade and commerce which is useful for the
growth in Portugal are.

Electronic information industry

Automotive industry
Telecommunication industry
Tourism industry

The role of different economic sectors play very vital role for rapid growth of the Portugal.
The different economic sector like primary industry and service sector play dominant role
for developing the Portugal economy.
Primary/ agriculture sector
Industry sector
Service sector
Tourism in India is broadly classified by its regions; North, East, West and South
Indian tourism. Each part of India offers identifiable differences from the rest of the nation.
The creation of niche tourism products like medical tourism, 7
wellness tourism, religious circuits, adventure tourism, cruise tourism and caravan
tourism has served to widen the net of this sector. Inbound is booming and the country is
going all out to lure more travelers from around the world. Contrary to perceptions across
the world that our tourism in India is still confined to traditions, the country is opening up
with trendy tour packages and affordable air travel deals to woo inbound visitors from
every segment .

Additional increasing tax and spending score hurt the economic

performances:
GDP will deal again in 2015 [-1.9%] as being deficit in domestic demand and weaker
exports pulls down the economy of country.
A tighter restriction on the investments credit and remains a major concern.
The positive news is the current accounts deficit is decreasing.
The Corporate bankruptcy is increasing by 5% in 2014 and is expected to remain
stable in 2015

General Informations

Capital Lisbon

Governments type - Parliamentary democracy

Currency Euro-EUR

Population - 10.813 millions

Main import sources (2015)

Spain - 32.40%

Germany - 11.40%

France - 6.80%

Italy - 5.20%

Netherlands - 5%

Main export markets (2015)

Spain - 23%

Germany - 13%

France - 8%

United Kingdom - 3%

Angola - 4%

Portugals business insolvency year on year change.

Portugal is Become a diversified and the increase service based economy since in
1986 joining of the Europe Community.

Above the past decades

achievement

governments have made privatization in many state control firms areas of the economic
and tourism sector.
billion in Information Technology and 4.3 billion in Telecom Services. This was contraction
of 2.9% when compared to 2012.
Key macroeconomic indicators and IDC surveys with key decision makers suggest
that Portugal's economic activity is expected to improve in 2014 and IDC expects that the
investment in the Information Technology (IT) sector should reflect this favorable
environment. Portugal's IT market will grow 0.9% in 2014 approximately 3.25 billion.
This leads to net increase in investment of over 52 million compared to last year.

MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN PORTUGAL

Wood and Cork

Textiles

Footwear

The wine industry

Chemicals

Auto-Parts manufacturing

Wine and other foods

Tourism

The tertiary sector has grown, producing 66% of the GDP and providing jobs for 52%

of the working population.

The most important growth rates are found in the trade sector, due to the

introduction of modern means of distribution, transport and telecommunications.

Financial tertiary have benefited from privatization, also gaining in terms of

effectiveness.
Tourism in Portugal has developed significantly and generates around 5% of the
wealth produced in Portugal.

The tertiary sector has grown, producing 66% of the GDP and providing jobs for 52%

of the working population.

The most important growth rates are found in the trade sector, due to the

introduction of modern means of distribution, transport and telecommunications.

Financial tertiary have benefited from privatization, also gaining in terms of

effectiveness.
Tourism in Portugal has developed significantly and generates around 5% of the
wealth produced in Portugal.
Indo-Portuguese bilateral trade grew from USD 69 million, in 1991 to USD:-289.52
million in 2005. India' exports constituted over:-70 % of the turnover.
Indian Exports consisted principally of marine products, cotton and synthetic

textiles, leather, footwear, hides and skins, staple fibers, coffee, tea & spices. In the
twenty-first century exports

diversified to include items Such as carpets, gems and

jewelry, silk and silk products, tobacco, electrical machinery & parts, iron & steel products,
dyeing & tanning products, and organic chemicals. Automobile spares and components,
computer software, bicycles, scooters and other two wheelers, and rice have also been
exported. Portuguese exports to India were mostly machinery and heavy equipment (48%
in 2007)with the remainder consisting mainly of cork and products, pulp and paper
products, organic chemicals and plastics

Jharkhand is Popularly Vananchal Meaning place of wood. It came an independent

state on is November 2000. Jharkhand tourism attract most of the part of the state are
involve with tribal area. The state is mostly cover by forest, wildlife Sanctuary blend of
place to visit in Jharkhand offer many beautiful place of interest.

2.SUMMAARY PART-2
Tourism is One of the world fast Growing industries at present And holds the status
of the world's no. 1 industry. Spending on tourism amounts to 5%- 10% of total consumer
spending in a year worldwide. The industry creates a job every 2.4 seconds with every
one of those direct jobs creating another 11 indirect ones. The tourism industry as a whole
is presently estimated to earn over US$ 3.5 trillion worldwide. India's share of the total
market is a pittance at 0.51%. . The Tourism industry's foreign exchange earnings in India
are around $3.2 billion. Recent statistics have revealed that during the first quarter of
2015, the performance of the tourism industry has been very encouraging which has
registered 21% increase in foreign tourist arrivals. Jharkhand, the Jewel of the West, is a
tourist destination that offers something for every visitor. This paper reveals best 10
tourism companies in India and investment in tourism sector.
The top ten travel companies are: Make My Trip, Thomas Cook, Cox & Kings, Yatra,
SOTC, Goibibo, Expedia, Clear trip, Travel guru, Akbar Travels Of India Pvt Ltd.
The study reveals about the top leading tourist operator in India. I.e. SOTC. sotc,
INDIAS leading out bound tour agency, was adopted by Kuoni travels worlds leading
premium tour operator in the year 1996 and is a leader in all travel segments namely
escorted tours,free individual travel and domestic holidays amongst others.

1. MakeMyTrip
Corporat office gurgaon, haryana, Revolutionized The travel industry in india.
Establish in the year 2000 make my trip is an online travel Sector offering domestic and

international travel services which comprises of flight, Train and bus Tickets, holiday
packages, hotel Reservations and other Products and services.

2. Yatra
Corporate office Gurgaon, Haryana, Establishment 2006 Website-www.yaatra.co.in
Yatra.com is Indias premium tour operator offering all travel related services and
products. It is one of the best travel Sactor in India providing all the detail, availabal, price
Informetion and bookings of domestic and internationals hotels, packages, flights, train
and car Rentals across 336 cities.

3. SOTC
Corporate office mumbai, maharashtra, establishment 1949 websitewww.sotc.in
indias leading online travel company sotc is kuoni indias travel companey. Sotc is among
the top 10 travel companies in india having expertise in escorted tour, and domestic
holiday, free personal travel, corporate tours, trade fair tours and customized holidays.

Kuoni Group Significantly Increased Turnover And Streamlined

Portfolio
In 2012 Kuoni Group significantly increased

turnover again an environment that

remains Challenging. Earnings before interest and taxes were pull down by one time price
associat with withdrawal from loss making european tour operating activities. The Market
Environment was fragmented on one hand asia maintained its powerful growth on the
Economic

decereses

hit

deman

more

european

sources

market.

Kuoni

groups

consolidated turnover for year under openion come to 5.845 million, representing a fiscal

10

year-on-year increase of 14%. The net effect of divestments contributed 10 % points to

this growth. The organic increse in turnover came to 3.7%, driven by continuing more
growth in the segments fit group travel, outbound nordic and global. earnings before
amortization came to 119.3 million . earnings before interest and taxes came to chf 53.3
million. The net result of the kuoni group came to chf 13.2 million.Exceptional charges
associated with the group taken from loss making European tour operating activities low
net result by 48.3 million.

SOTC Win the Prestigious Power Brands 2012 Award.

Kuoni Travel India Pvt. Ltd. SOTC as a Sentosa Star Preferred Partner Sep 2011 to Aug
2012.
Lonely planet magazine India Travel Awards 2012 to Kuoni India for the Best Tour
Operator
Travel and Leisure India and South Asias Indias Best award for Best Tour operator India
to Kuoni India
5th loyalty award for customer and brand loyalty in a Travel and Hospitality Sector to
Kuoni travel group, India.
Pacific asia travel association gold award award in the Marketing Industry Category.
TAAI Travel awards for most outstanding business Innovation award to Kuoni SOTC.
7th hospitality India and Bomming the world Annual International Awards 2011 for The
Best Travel company for Consumer satisfaction.

11

CNBC Awaaz travel awards 2011 for most preferred tour operator for outbound Travel
to Kuoni and SOTC India.
2009 Kuoni travel group, India wins The Award for Promoting South african Airline and
Tourism to south africa.
2009 leadership in Integrated travel operations at The economic Time travel awards
to Kuoni India.
2009 abacus-TAFI award 2009 for business leadership in tour operating to Kuoni and
SOTC in the Category best outbound Tour operator.
2009 PATWA International award 2009 to Kuoni for Best travel company of the year in
India.
2009 TTG travel awards 2009 for Best travel firm India.

12

Rest of the world. This has large been due more business travel. often pitted as
rivals in most sector, the mammel and the dragon, however, share historical atechment
that pre-date the christian era. while there are common culture between the two, the
tourism product however is as chalk and cheese.

At 56 million visitors, Portugal today is rated as the 3rd most popular tourist sector in the
world

according to the World Tourism Organization. This number represented a 9.4

persntage increase over 2009. The only other asian country in the top 10 list was
Malaysia, with 25 million travelar. India, on the other hand, was at 41th on the list, and
received less than 0.5% of total world tourism at 5.6 million visitors in 2010. This
potentially represents the chance for growth in the business of tourism for the country.
The

fact about India, though, is that it is ranked 16 amongst countries receipt of the

tourist Dollar certainly not the backpackers paradise as made out to be. multinational
company increase their presence in those markets that their customers go to the today
policies in both countries also favor and facilitate such investment in travel and Tourism
Industry. the relative ease of entry in Portugal has helped in infrastructure to meet the
inbound demand in that country. India is still to catch up this is the chance that is
currently see much activity and focus.

3.Introduction of Tourism
Introduction

13

The Travel and Tourism industry is still one of the largest single businesses in world
commerce and its importance is widely recognized. The tourism industry is now one of the
largest sectors earning foreign exchange. In the face of many benefits, many countries
have started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national
development agenda. Tourism is an industry that operates on a massively broad scale; it
embraces activities ranging from the smallest sea-side hotel, to air-lines, multi-national
hotel Portugals and major international tour operators. Originally, non-traditional
industries such as tourism emerged as a solution to strike a balance between ecology and
industry.

Tourism is one of fastest growing sector at present & holds the status of the world's no.

1 industry.
Spending on tourism amounts to 5%-10% of total consumer, spending in a year

worldwide.
The industry creates a job every 2.4 seconds with every one of those direct jobs

creating another 11 indirect ones.

The tourism industry as a whole is presently estimated to earn over US$ 3.5 trillion

worldwide.
India's share of the total market is a pittance at 0.51%. .
The Tourism industry's foreign exchange earnings in India are around $3.2 billion.
Tourism is the highest foreign exchange earner if we consider the fact that net value
addition in Gems and jewellery is less than 30 % whereas, in tourism it is more than
90%.Recent statistics have revealed that during the first quarter of 2016, the
performance of the tourism industry has been very encouraging which has registered
an 21% increase in foreign

14

Jharkhand,

the

Jewel of the West,

is

tourist

destination
offers

that

something

for every visitor.

The state situated
between

2001'

and 2407' north

latitudes

and

6804'

and

7404'east longitudes is bounded on the west by the Arabian Sea which encloses the state
on three sides. Jharkhand is the 7th highest state in INDIA, located in the western part of
India with a coastline of 1600 km . It is one of the most famous tourist regions the
country, and was visited by 19.8 million tourists in 2010-11. Jharkhand offers scenic
beauty of the one and only place to view pure Asiatic lions in the world. during the reign,
hindu Craftsmanship mixed with islamic Architecture, given rise to the style. many
structures in the state are built in this fashion jharkhand tourism.

BUSINESS OF JARKHAND IN TOURISM

Jharkhand is one of the most industrialized states in the country. There are many
Indian and global companies located in Jharkhand and the area has seen double digit GDP
growth in past decade. It is also known as "Growth Engine of India".
Jharkhand is biennial investors' summit held by the government of Jharkhand. The
event is aimed at bringing together business leaders, investors, corporations, thought
leaders, policy and opinion makers; the summit is advertised as a platform to understand
and explore business opportunities in the state. It has become a model for economic
success for many states. According to the list of the top 10 Indian cities by GDP in 2014,
based on a Price water house Coopers study. The political capital of the state. It will be
built on 500 acres (2.0 km) of land. Its main purpose is to provide high quality physical
infrastructure, so that finance and tech firms can relocate their operations there from
Mumbai, Bangalore, Gurgaon and other regions where infrastructure is either inconsistent
or very expensive this is true.

15

16

INTRODUCTION
TOP 10 TRAVEL COMPANYS
Here is a top 10 travel company in India, these are famous companies in travel and
hospitality sector providing various travel service which includes International and
Domestic hotel booking, hotels package,online booked, flight, train and bus tickets and
many more. There are many companies in the tourism sector that makes planning a tour
or an adventure easy for everyone. The tourism sector plays a vital role in helping people
regain their happiness. The chief purpose of these firms is to make people relax and enjoy
the trip of their choice. Some of the well known firms of the tourism sector are given
below.

4. MakeMyTrip
Corporate office Gurgaon, Haryana, Website www.makemytrip.com .MakeMyTrip.com
has revolutionized the travel industry in India. Founded in the year 2000 Make my trip is
an online travel company offering domestic and international travel services which
comprises of flight, train and bus tickets, holiday packages, hotel reservations and other
products and services.

5. Thomas cook
Corporate office London, UK, Establishment 1881, Website www.thomascook.in
Thomas Cook (India) Ltd is one of the leading travel companies in India operating in more
than 98 cities and the worldwide offices are located in Sri Lanka and Mauritius. A service
offered by Thomas Cook includes MICE, Corporate Travel Management, Foreign Exchange,
Insurance, Leisure Travel and E-Business. Thomas Cook has been awarded the Most
Trusted Brand in travel services by The Brand Trust Report and has won many
prestigious awards in travel category.

6. Cox & Kings

Corporate

officeMumbai,

Maharashtra,

Establishment-1758

Website-

www.coxandkings.com Found in year 1758 Cox & Kings is the leader of the travel industry

17

in India. Companys Indian headquarter is located in Mumbai. Cox & Kings has 12 offices
in India and global offices are located in UK, Japan, USA, Russia, Dubai and Singapore. The
services offered by the company are Outbound Tourism, Destination Management,
Domestic Holidays, Trade Fairs, and Business Travel etc.

7. Yatra
Corporate office Gurgaon, Haryana, Establishment 2006 Website-www.yaatra.co.in
Yatra.com is Indias premium tour operator offering all travel related services and
products. It is one of the best travel companies in India providing all the information,
availability, pricing details and bookings of domestic and international hotels, packages,
train, flights and car rentals across 336 cities.

8. SOTC
Corporate office Mumbai, Maharashtra, Establishment 1949 Websitewww.sotc.in
Indias leading online travel company SOTC is Kuoni Indias travel brand. SOTC is among
the top 10 travel companies in India having expertise in Escorted Tours, and Domestic
Holidays, Free Individual Travel, Corporate tours, Trade Fair Tours and Customized
Holidays.

9. Goibibo
Corporate office Gurgaon, Haryana, Establishment 2009 Websitewww.goibibo.com
Goibibo.com a MIG Group company established in 2009 has overpowered its competitors
to emerge as one among the best travel companies in India. The one-stop online travel
company features various travel services and products which allows the user to explore
the largest range of destinations and hotels with the worlds leading online travel
company.

10. Expedia
Corporate office Bellevue, Washington, U.S. Establishment 1996 Website
www.expedia.co.in.

18

Expedia, Inc. enables travellers to buy air tickets, hotels and holiday packages in
any part of the world all from one place. Unlike other travel companies in India Expedia
offers more than 75000 hotels and over 3000 holiday packages with additional features
wherein a user can check the map and weather forecasts of the destination.

11. Cleartrip
Corporate

office

Mumbai,

Maharashtra,

Establishment

2006

Website

www.cleartrip.com Cleartrip.com is an online travel company headquartered in Mumbai.

Cleartrip provides online travel services which includes and international holiday
packages, reservations, rail tickets, flight tickets and bus tickets. Cleartrip is rated one of
the reliable online travel companies in India.

12. Travelguru
Corporate

office

Mumbai,

Maharashtra,

Establishment

2005

Website

www.travelguru.com Since 2005 Travelguru.com has been facilitating its customers to

make wise decisions and smart travel plans by giving users access to various deals on
airlines and hotels worldwide. Travelguru offers the facility to book and explore air tickets,
hotel rooms, cruises and vacation packages more conveniently and securely.

13.

Akbar Travels Of India Pvt Ltd.

Corporate

office

Mumbai,

Maharashtra,

Establishment

2007

Website

www.akbartravelsonline.com Akbar Travels has become one of the reputed travel agency
in India in terms of the largest number of IATA approved Branches. It has a online portal
Akbartravelsonline.com which assists its users to book domestic and international flight
and rail tickets and hotels at low costs.

19

SECTOR WISE DIVISION OF TOURIST COMPANIES IN

INDIA
Tourism Companies in Eastern India

Club side Tours & Travels - This firm is located at Darjeeling, India. They offer river
rafting trekking and other adventure tours. As they have an in-depth knowledge about

the location, they are accredited as one of the leading tour operators in the region.
Eastman Voyages - This firm was founded in the year 1994. Even since then, they have
committed themselves accomplish an excellence in customer services. This shipping
company provides their clients with flexible travel packages. They have their head

office at Kolkata.
Sky Sketch India - This is a very well known firm in the Indian tourism sector. They offer
packages to the eastern part of India in addition to other places.

Tourism Companies in Western India

Aamantran Tours - This tour company offers an exciting tour package for all its
customers in an economical way. They present their clients with a flexible package

where one can choose a tour or adventure according ones preference.

Aathitya Travels - This firm is acknowledged as one of the finest travel and tourism
companies in Rajasthan. They offer their clients hotel packages, city travel guide, tours

and Rajasthan destination guides.

AKT Travels - This is one of the dynamic destination management firms in the country.
They offer their clients with travel packages to different places in the northern side of
India. Their team of professionals offers customers with tour packages that are both
relaxing as well as economical at the same time. Apart from the other basic packages,
the firm offers their clients with an in depth journey that includes religion, ethnicity,
classical music/dance/drama, wildlife, yoga and architecture. Those tourists who are
appearing at the right time will also be able to experience the fantastic festivals as well
as fairs that can be found in India.

Dolphin Tours & Travels - This firm is engaged in business of hotel bookings, conducted

tours and individual tours.

Dream Vision Holidays -This firm provides people with custom made tour packages that
will suit their budget perfectly.

20

Ganesham Tours - This is a leading firm in the tourism sector. They offer Rajasthani

tours.
India Insight Tours Private Limited -The main aim of this company is to provide one and
all a perfect picture of the inside of our country. They specialize in trekking, desert
safaris along with mountain climbing. They also offer heritage tours in addition to other

adventure trips.
India Travelite Mumbai -This firm is located in Mumbai. They offer customized travel

solutions for one and all.

Jasbhag Tours & Travels -This firm is located in Rajasthan. They guarantee to provide

their customers with the best of both the modern and ancient periods of Rajasthan.
Journey Masters -This organization is one of the leading firms in the tourism sector.
They provide the best views from mountain to landscapes and forests. The guests will

have an option to stay at the guesthouse or at magnificent mansions.

Joy Travels - This firm offers paramount tour packages which will suit the budgets of

one and all perfectly.

Ladakh Adventure - This firm is located in Ladakh, India. They offer both adventure as

soft tours to a variety of places in Ladakh.

Leisure Tours - This firm offers tours to a variety of destinations like hill stations,

historical places, pilgrimage and Indian beaches.

Nirvana Adventures - This firm was initiated in the year 1997. This firm is very well

known for their paragliding activity.

Oasis Excursions India Private Limited. -This firm is located in Delhi. They offer both soft

as well as hard adventures.

Paradise Tours - They provide tours to places across India at very modest prices.
Pegasus Travels - This is one amongst the most preferred travel agencies in India. They
have a wide range of hotels that will cater to the budgets of everyone.

Rajasthan Tours Private Limited -This firm was established in the year 1959. They have

great offers that are available at all times of the year.

Rajasthan Travel Service -This firm offers trips that last for a couple of days to a couple

of months. They are available at very modest prices.

Rajasthan Tours and Travels - This is a firm that is acknowledged as one of the pioneer
travel agents and tour operators in the state of Rajasthan. They are professionals who
ensure that the holiday of their clients stay relaxing as well as enjoyable throughout
their trip. With prompt and well coordinated services, this firm makes sure that their
clients are comfortable throughout their stay. This firm is well known for their flexible

travel packages.
Shree Tours - The head office of this firm is located in Bikaner, Rajasthan. They offer
many attractive packages at low prices.

21

Vacation India- This firm makes attractive tours available for one and all. These tours
are available at very modest prices. One will be able to get information about
Ayurveda, wildlife, yoga and hotels among other things with the aid of this firm.

Tourism Companies in North India

Abercrombie & Kent India Private Limited -This is a firm that specializes in customizing
travel for people of all sectors. This company has an experience of almost 4 decades.
They have 40 international offices across the globe. This feature of this company

makes them quite popular.

Acces India Travel -This firm was founded out around 30 years ago. They are accredited

as one of the pioneer firms in the tourism sector.

All India Guides - This firm is located in New Delhi. They offer a many tour packages at

very attractive prices.

All India Travels -This firm offers their clients with travel packages that are both
economical as well as flexible. They present their clients with a chance to mix with the
different array of cultures in India.

Apollo Voyages Private Limited - This firm offers tours to a selection of places across
India. Their packages include Rajasthan Heritage, Royal nuptials in India, Exotic South

India etc.
Armaan Tours & Travels Private Limited - New Delhi - This firm offers customers with
tours to all parts of India. They have a flexible package that can be changed according
to the preference of the clients. They also offer tours to Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Maldives

etc.
Banjara Camps & Retreats Private Limited - This Company is well known for their
organization of adventure tours like Rafting, expedition, Paragliding, and Trekking etc in

North India. They have luxurious camps that are located at Chail, Kinnaur, and Spiti.
Bhatia Travels -This is a leading IATA travel agent in Punjab. They specialize in

international as well as domestic Air Travel. Package holidays are also offered by them.
BIT Tours Private Limited - This is a firm that specializes in wildlife, cultural tours, ecotours and ashram tours etc. They guarantee to make the trip of a person more

enjoyable.
Blue Bird Travels - This firm offers economical tours to the various parts of India.
Buddhist Tours India - This firm offers tours to an array of Buddhist destinations in the
country

22

Caper Travel Company -This is one of Indias leading travel companies. Ever since its
start in the year 1999, this company, the firm has strived to uphold its name in the
tourism sector. The firm offers packages of all type. They include budget, premier and
standard. The company provides their clients with cultural, wildlife, spiritual, adventure
and tribal tours. For people who are interested in spiritual tours, the company offers
them with a wide array of different packages in that sector. Alongside other basic
packages, the firm also presents customers with tours to major destinations like Kerala,

Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.

Caper Travel Private Limited - The firm was founded in the year 1999. They have their
headquarters at Delhi. The tour packages they offer can be got at a very affordable

rate.
Culture Holidays - This firm is dedicated to give customers the time of their life. Their

packages are both economical as well as flexible.

Deneb & Pollux - This is one of the leading firms in the travel sector. The company

offers its customers timely and safe transportation to the BPO industry.
Destination India - This firm provides their clients with information about tourist

destinations.
Dove Tours Private Limited -This firm is also known as Dove tours. This firm

concentrates on giving tours to the exotic locations in India.

Dynamic Tours Private Limited - This firm was launched in the year 1983. They offer

tours to individual clients, family or group travelers.

Eco Adventures - This firm was formerly known as Sita Adventures. They initiated this
firm in the year 1995. They provide Elephant Safaris, Tribal tours, Cultural Explorations

Jeep Safaris and Wildlife Expeditions.

Envoy Tours and Travels Noida - This firm works as inbound as well as outbound tour
operator. They offer these packages at a discount rate that can be afforded by one and

all.
Explore Culture & Tours Private Limited -This firm is committed to present their
customers with a perfect tour. Be it adventure, worship, nature or wildlife, they are

guaranteed to provide them at the lowest price.

Far Horizon Tours Private Limited -This firm is located in Delhi. They also have regional
offices at Kerala as well as Rajasthan. They also have a seasonal office at Ladakh. They

offer tour packages at a discount rate.

Fun Holidays - This firm offers tours to different parts of India at the lowest economical

prices. They offer both adventure as well as soft tour packages.

GreatIndian Outdoors - This firm offers tours at great affordable packages. They

provide both adventure as well as soft tour packages.

Hajj India - This firm basically provides package tours for Ziyarat, Hajj and Umrah.

23

India Profile -This is one of the well known travel and tours firms in India. This pioneer
company was started about 10 years ago. The organization has a team of professionals

that ensure the comfort of all their clients.

India Travel Club - This firm offers Indian adventure excursions to a variety of places

within the country. They offer these packages at a great price.

India Travel Destinations - This is one of the leading online tours & travel firm in India.
With the aid of this website one will be able to find out the most exotic places one can

visit and other related details about India.

India Travel Services - This firm was set up in the year 1990. It is acknowledged as one

of the pioneer travel agencies in the country.

Indo Asia Tours - This firm was set up in the year 1987. They have its headquarters in
Delhi. Besides this, they also have offices at Kathmandu, Bombay, Bengaluru and

Chennai.
Indovision Tours - This firm has been offering tours to groups as well as individual
travelers from all over the world. They have offices at both Nepal as well as

Kathmandu.
Info India Travels - This is one of the leading firms in the tourism sector. They offer

attractive tour packages for one and all.

Interact Holidays - This firm offers travel packages at a very affordable price.
International Travel House Private Limited - This firm started its operations in the year
1981. They have a network of 12 IATA Travel Offices across India. They have been

awarded with the ISO 9001 certification for their services.

Jetsave India Tours -This is one of the finest travel companies in India. The company
was started in the year 1990. The main intention of this firm is to cater to the
requirements of the tourists that visit India and Nepal. The firm offers accommodation
which ranges from five star hotels to tourist bungalows. Some of the special packages

of this travel company include Conferences and Exhibitions, Incentive Groups etc.
Johansen Travel Agency - This firm is located in Jammu & Kashmir. The firm was set up

in the year 1943. The firm is now acknowledged to be one of its kinds.
KTC Grand Tours -This is one amongst the fastest and pioneer Travel and Tours
Company in India. This firm was first established in the year 1943. Ever since its
inception, this firm has received many several laurels for its brilliant services from the

Government of India and the Ministry of Tourism.

Lawrence Travels - This firm was set up in the year 1987. They offer tours to Nepal and

India.
Mahindra Holidays & Resorts India Ltd -This tours and Travel Company is one of the
most well known companies of the tourism sector in India. This firm is a branch of the
USD 6.7 billion Mahindra Group. The club Mahindra was started by the Mahindra
Holidays and Resorts India Limited as to offer people with a one stop online tourism

24

bazaar that will make available all he customers with services related to travel. The
main goal of this travel and tourism firm is to ensure the enlivenment as well as
enhancement of the lives of people by making family holidays a part of their lives. The
firm has 9 offices stretched across the country with as much as 200 marketing plus

support executives.
Mascot Travels - This is a reputed firm that is well known for their holiday plannings for

both Indian as well s foreign tourists.

Max Holidays India Private Limited - This is a professional firm that offers tours to many

parts of India. They offer these packages at a very affordable price.

Meena Travels Private Limited - This is one of the leading firms in the tourism sector.

They offer tour packages at very affordable prices.

Minar Travels India Private Limited -This is one of the leading travel and tour firms in
India. This firm has over 14 offices all over the country and has team of 200 full time
professionals. In addition to its other qualities, this firm has also received an approval
from the government of India. On top of this, Minar Travels India Private Limited is a 4
time winner of the National Tourism Awards. They also have been awarded with an ISO

9001:2000 Quality certifications.

Monarch International Travel Services -This firm specializes in outbound as well as
inbound tours in India. The company focuses on Culture, Eco tourism and special
interest tours like Heritage holidays, Architectural studies, white river rafting etc. They

are well known for their within the budget travel

packages.
Mosaic India Tours - A journey into the mystic this is what the Mosaic India Tours offer
to their customers. A spiritual journey that will definitely change a person is the main
aim of this firm. Apart from this, this company also promises to provide more
knowledge into the ancient religions and philosophy of India. Their flexible and
economical tour packages are always an attraction to everyone. Namaste Tours
Private Limited - This firm offers inbound as well as outbound travel packages at very

modest prices.
Nature Safari India -This firm was founded in the year 2000. They are acknowledged to
be one amongst the leading Online Indian Wildlife Safari firm in our country. They

provide their clients with flexible tour packages within a minimum budget.
Nomad Travels - This firm has been in business for over 20 years. The director of this
company started this firm in the year 1988. Besides its other branches in India, this
firm also has a large number of leisure as well as Corporate travelers across the globe.

One of the main attractions of this firm is their economic travel packages.
Planet India Travels Private Limited - This is one of the leading travel agencies in India.
They offer camping, trekking and other adventures at very affordable prices.

25

Potala Travel Agents - This is the only certified Tibetan travel agent & tour operator in

our country. This agency has an affiliation to the Tibetan Government.

Prime Travels - This firm avails very attractive tour packages to a variety of places in

India.
Razdan Holidays -This firm was established in the year 1956. Its headquarters is
located in Srinagar. They specialize in tours to places such as Himachal, Kashmir,

Garhwal and Ladakh areas.

Siddharth Travels Private Limited - This firm was established in 1982. The firm gained
its name inside a very short span of time as one of the leading tourism firms in India.
They have offices across the country at many vital places. Be it corporations or groups,

they provide the package of their choice at very affordable prices.

Sita World Travel - This firm is a branch of the Kuoni Travels private limited. They are

well known for their attractive travel packages.

Special Holidays - This is one of the leading firms in the country. They provide one and

all with good quality service.

Tours New Delhi - This firm is located in Delhi. One can avail tourist information as well

as hotel booking from this firm.

TPH Travel Services - This firm caters to the needs of people form diverse sectors. This

firm offers its service to both India as well as overseas.

Trans India Tours -This is one of the best travel and tourism firms in the sector. The
company specializes in tour programs for foreign tourists. Located at Delhi, this
company is very easy to access. Some of their tour packages include Guided
Sightseeing tours, Ayurvedic Treatments, Wild life Park visits and Classical Dances. Wild
River Rafting, Elephant Rides, Desert Safaris, authentic Rajasthani Dinners and Jungle

Safaris are a few of their other attractions.

Travel Corporation Limited - This is a firm that is committed to ensure the comfort of
people. Their chief activities include Leisure Travel, Destination Management Services
and Business Travel. They have over 27 offices in the country well known for their

attractive travel packages.

Tybros Tours Private Limited - This firm was founded in the year 1994. Over the last 20
years, this firm has concentrated chiefly on banks, corporate and multinational

companies. They offer unmatched services to their clients.

Vision Holidays - This is one of the leading firm is India. They offer attractive packages

at very modest rates.

Welcome Travels Private Limited - This firm was set up in the year 1985. They offer a

variety of special tour packages at very affordable rates.

Travel Inn India Private Limited - This firm came into being in the year 1985. They are
well known for the quality of service they render.

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Travel Masti - This is one of the finest e based firms in India. The main aim of this firm is
to offer internet tour related services to both domestic and inbound guests.

Tourism Companies in South India

Akshaya India Tours & Travels - This firm is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. They offer
the customers with the best service. Their tour packages include tours to different

locations, visa assistance, hotel bookings and Passport Services.

Altima Travels & Tours - This firm is located in Hyderabad, India. They offer their clients

with sigh seeing trips, hotel reservations and travel packages to an array of locations.
Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation - The APTDC is run by the state
government. They offer people with tours to lakes, cities, gardens, dams and

restaurants in addition to other places.

AnnsHomeStay, Kerala - This is a firm that is located in Kerala. They offer customers

with tours to chief locations such as Munnar, Thekkady /Periyar, Kochi etc.
Cocohol - This is a private firm that focuses tourism mainly on Kerala. The firm is

committed to give their clients an authentic experience.

Concept Voyages - This firm was set up in the year 2003 on the month of December.
They offer leisure as well as corporate travel packages to companies and Individual
travelers both within and outside the country. They offer their customers with Holiday
Packages, Luxury Travel, Rejuvenation breaks, Honeymoons and Weddings packages,

Pilgrimage and safaris.

Creative Tours & Travels (India) Private Limited - This is one of the foremost firms in the

travel sector. They are located in Kerala.

Genser Holidays - This tour and travels company is located in Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Acknowledged as one of the leading firms in the tourism sector, Genser Holidays is
committed to provide their customers with flexible as well as relaxed tour packages
that have a personal touch.

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Glad Tours - This firm is located in Kerala. Ever since its inception, this firm is
committed to offer the most excellent services to their clients. The firm offers ready-

made tours as well as tours that are designed on the preference of the customer.
Global Tourism Promotions - This firm is located in Andhra Pradesh. They offer

educational tours as well as Student Excursions in Andhra Pradesh.

Kerala Tour Operators - This firm provides customers with tour packages of all kinds.

They are available at very affordable prices.

Madurai Travels - This is team of professionals who offer tours to various places within

the city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu.

Mystikal India - This is a third generation provider of travel solutions in our country. the
firm is located in Kochi, Kerala. They offer clients with quality accommodation as well

as travel facilities.
Orion Tours & Travels - This firm is located in Bangalore. They offer both leisure as well

as corporate holidays.
Prasanna Tours & Travels - The firm is popular for its exciting travel packages. These

packages are offered at very modest prices.

Royal Group of Companies - This is a multifaceted firm that is located in Kerala. They
provide tours via water and air to the mysterious backwaters and exotic lagoons of

Kerala.
TavelAir India - This firm is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It was established more
than 20 years ago. They offer a combination of good quality as well as efficient

packages for one and all.

Tours Amasco - This is a branch of the AMASCO Worldwide, a corporation that is located
in the Middle East. They have a variety of cost effective packages in Ayurvedic resorts
in Kerala.

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Tourism Companies in Central India

India Travel Tours - This firm offer travel packages at flexible and economic rates.
Indian Travel Guide, Travel India and explore various parts of India - They are a premier

travel guide in India that provides customized tours to the various parts of the country.
KVT Holidays - This is a private firm that was founded in the year 1985. They are
accredited by the department of tourism of the Indian government. They also have an
affiliation to the ATOAI as well as other leading international organizations.
If a person wishes to go for a vacation, it is possible for him to choose any of these

agencies. Now there is strong competition between these players which has certainly
improved the quality of service in the tourism sector in India on a general basis.

4. STEEPLED ANALYSIS: Tourism Industry of Portugal

Social and Demographic analysis
To understand the social and cultural environment involves close analysis of the
society. Demographic Portugal such as population growth, movements and age

29

distribution will be important, as will changes in cultural values and social trends such as
family size and social behaviors. Such factors could include:

1. Consumer lifestyles
2. Environmental issue
3. Demographic issues
4. Education
5. Immigration/Emigration
6. Religion
Technological Analysis
Technological factors include areas such as new products being developed, new
purchasing mechanisms (intranet, extra-net), new production technology, new distribution
mechanisms (Internet) and new methods of working (e.g. mobile telecommunications).
One technological problem that hinders the development of

the lack of a stable and

secure online payment systems and this problem is further strengthened by the Portugal
consumers preference for high Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) and high Long-Term
Orientation.

Economic Analysis
The growth trend of the GDP per capita of Portugal in the new century, similar to the
indicator GDP, the country has sustained a continual rapid growth in term of GDP per
person, indicating that each people is creating more and more values to the society
resulting in the increase of the individual consumers purchasing power.

Political and Legal analysis

Political factors include government regulations and legal issues and define both
formal and informal rules under which firm must operate. the Portugal government
attaches great importance and focus to the development of e-commerce in the most
populous country, for example, on issuing the Summaries of the Middle/Long Term Science
and Technology Development Plans of Portugal and the Development of Information
Industry Plans in the Eleventh Five-year and Long Plan in 2021 Years. In term of the legal
system, the Portugal legal framework for e-commerce is still in its nascent stage and has
already experienced several problems. Portugal has limited experience with drafting ecommerce legislation for issues such as transactional security, intellectual property rights

30

protection and tax. And regulations supporting areas critical to the development of ecommerce such as the privacy, consumer rights, and validation of electronic contracts and
recognition of digital signatures have yet to be written. But the legal system of Portugal
does develop quickly to meet the needs of the e-commerce.

TRADE AND COMMERCE IN PORTUGAL

Portugal emerged as a major player in the global economy over the course of the
1980s and 1990s.Its export volume rose rapidly .Portugal became the 10th largest trading
country in the world. Portugal entered the WTO on 11th December 2001. According to
Portugal national tourism its outbound reached 83.18 million which showed an increase of
18.41%. A survey showed that shopping has become a crucial impetus promoting
consumption o f Portugal visitors. The all Portugal federation of industry and commerce is
a non government chamber of commerce which as sit the government in managing
Portugal private economy and acts as a bridge between the private sector and the
government.

STEEPLED ANALYSIS OF THE INDIAN TOURISM

India is probably the only country that offers various categories of tourism. These
include history tourism, adventure tourism, medical tourism spiritual tourism, beach
tourism etc. Indian Tourism industry is one of the most important export industries of the
country. Although the international tourist inflow is relatively low, India has found tourism
emerging as an important sector of its economy.

Social effect on tourism industry

Tourism product is dependent on the coral reefs and their associated ecosystems
such as sea grass beds and mangroves. These ecosystems are, however, threatened by
natural causes and human behavior such as coastal pollution, rapid coastal development,
over-fishing and global warming. All parties involved (the citizens, the tourism industry
and the visitors) have a vested interest in the management of the environmental resource
base and an obligation to do their part to support this management. If the environment is
degraded all parties stand to lose - visitors will fail to come (or will be willing to pay less)
and the countries will lose an important source of economic benefit. In other words the
environment will produce reduced economic, ecological, and amenity benefits.

Technological effect on tourism industry

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"Tourism Technology", initially based on the concept of cultural technology, is a

more comprehensive term covering knowledge used to add to the value of tourism
products on a micro level and the management of the travel and tourism industry on a
macro level. "Tourism Technology" encompasses the integrated fields mentioned in the
previous paragraph, statistics, managerial and socio-cultural know-how, and skills that the
tourism industry can adopt to design, produce, and market various tourism products. In
addition to coordinating various aspects of human resources in the travel and tourism
industry, Tourism Technology describes a comprehensive field containing but not
limited to such widely referred to subjects as entertainment technology, contents
technology and creative technology.

Economic effect on tourism industry

Tourism, a large, complex and fragmented industry which is still very difficult to
define and measure, is a key component of the service economy (30% of international
trade in services in the OECD area). In terms of revenue, OECD countries generate about
70% of world tourism activity. Tourism, which has expanded dramatically over the past 30
years, looks set to continue growing as societies become more mobile and prosperous.
Despite its economic importance, governments, especially in developed economies,
still do not adequately recognize tourism. For this reason, the OECD has developed and
recently approved the OECD Guidelines for a Tourism Satellite Account and an
Employment Module. These integrated statistical tools aim to measure the economic
aspects of tourism (value added, jobs, revenue, investment, profits) in order to provide a
more convincing demonstration of this activity's economic significance.

Political effect on tourism industry

Political violence has done considerable damage to tourism in Asia and the Pacific

over the past few years. But industry experts say the damage is not necessarily
permanent. Governments and industry leaders say much can be done to rebuild tattered
tourism reputations. The globally televised attack, coming during an international
economic slump, contributed to an eight percent fall in tourist arrivals this year. In some
parts of the region, tourism accounts for 10 percent of employment; in the Pacific island
nations of Fiji and Vanuatu, the figure is over 30 percent.. Industry analysts say tourism in
Asia is likely to expand rapidly over the next few years. But, the key, they say, is that
governments find ways to prevent political violence, and act quickly to calm fears when it
does happen.

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 Environmental Effect on Tourism Industry

The quality of the environment, both natural and man-made, is essential to tourism.
However, tourism's relationship with the environment is complex. It involves many
activities that can have adverse environmental effects. Many of these impacts are linked
with the construction of general infrastructure such as roads and airports, and of tourism
facilities, including resorts, hotels, restaurants, shops, golf courses and marinas. The
negative impacts of tourism development can gradually destroy the environmental
resources on which it depends. On the other hand, tourism has the potential to create
beneficial effects on the environment by contributing to environmental protection and
conservation. It is a way to raise awareness of environmental values and it can serve as a
tool to finance protection of natural areas and increase their economic importance.

Three main impact areas: natural resources, pollution, and physical

impacts
Environmental impacts at the global level
Other industry impacts on tourism
How tourism can contribute to environmental conservation
Legal

effect on tourism industry

The year 2010 was a record year for the tourism industry. Importantly, the Tourism
Ministry Tourism Ministry Loading has also set its sights on the potentially vast markets of
Russia, China and India, the under-secretary said. 2010 sees the ministry enter new
markets. We are investigating representation in the Russian Federation and India, and
looking to appoint a PR/Communications agency to boost awareness of Oman at the World
Expo in Portugal. "With the organising committee we are keen to look at how marketing
can be leveraged, so that awareness of Oman in Portugal is increased. This is 12 an
important legacy outcome for all economic sectors.

Business Potential with Portugal

There are a few business potential between INDIA and PORTUGAL which are:
1) Market Overview, 2) Market Challenges 3) Market Opportunities 4) Market Entry
Strategies.

Trade relation between India-Portugal

PortugalIndia relations, also called refer to the bilateral relationship between the
People's Republic of Portugal and the Republic of India. Historically, India and portugal

33

have had relations for more than 2,000 years but modern relationship began in 1950
when India was among the first countries to end formal ties with the Republic of portugal.
portugal and India are two of the worlds oldest civilizations and have co-existed in peace
for millennia. Cultural and economic relations between Portugal and India date back to
ancient times. The Silk Road not only served as a major trade route between India and
portugal, but is also credited for facilitating the spread of christin from India to East Asia.
According to a 2013 BBC World Service Poll, 36% of Indians view portugal positively, with
27% expressing a negative view, whereas 23% of Chinese people view India positively,
with 45% expressing a negative view.

The investment of SOTC in India and Portugal.

Kuoni started investing in India in 1996, already an emerging market at the time,
by acquiring leading tour operator SOTC Holidays of Bombay. Kuoni India currently runs
a direct customer business (B2C) as well as providing business-to-business (B2B) services.
In the B2B sector Kuoni India sells holiday travel to companies and organizations within
India, offering the products under various brand names. These include incentive holidays,
travelto national and international trade fairs, and travel services as an official partner of
global sports events. In 2003, Kuoni India opened its Kuoni Academy. This is the
leading training institution for courses relating to the tourism industry in India, its original
aim was to produce sufficient numbers of skilled employees. Kuoni is participating in the
growth of the Portugal market by means of various activities. The companys
Portugal/Ranchi Unit sells holidays through direct contact with customers, while B2B group
travel business and our FIT destination travel services are managed within the Global
Travel Services Division (GTS). Kuoni also owns a 30% stake in Et-Portugal. The paper also
reveals the inbound and outbound specialist of SOTC which says that in 2011 Kuonis
outbound and inbound specialists generated overall turnover of CHF 900 million.

34

5.ABOUT SOTC
SOTC is a Leading Brand of kuoni travel group in India The country is More travel &
tourism company.
India Leading Tour Operator
SOTC is Kuoni India Key Outbound Travel Brand. SOTC, India Leading Outbound tour
operator, was acquired by Kuoni Travels Worlds leading premium Tour Operator in the
year 1996 and is a leader in all travel segments namely Escorted Tours, Free Individual
Travel and domestic holidays Amongst others. We have Served travelers for years and
won their Smiles and hearts. SOTC vast array of holiday services is taking holidaying to an
Entirely New level.
Escorted group tours
SOTC Escorted Group Tours pioneered the designing and marketing of escorted tours
to cosmopolitan travelers in India. Our tours have escorted lakhs of travelers across the
globe for more than 50 years to various destinations including Europe, Australia, New
Zealand, USA, Africa, Mauritius, South Asia, and the Southeast Asia. Being a 100%
subsidiary of Kuoni Travel Holding, Switzerland one of the world largest travel companies
SOTC leverages the advantage of the buying power and travel services to provide
customers value For Money Packages.
compromising on sightseeing and basic holiday needs. Our Professional &
experienced Tour Managers take care of you while on tour.
The Company has not Only fully Utilized the existing Market Potential but has also
created New Markets Through Innovative Packages namely bhraman Mandal dedicated
for the Marathi speaking population and Jarkhand Dedicated for the Hindi speaking
population.
Customised holidays
SOTC Offers Customised, tailor Made Holidays Around the world. On these
customised holidays, you travel only with your companion, your family and friends at your
own pace. You can holiday at an incredible range of destinations, fly the airline of your
choice and stay at hotels of your choice. You can opt for transfer in the luxury of your
private car or enjoy Meeting an International mix of transfers we Offer. You can enjoy a
large variety of sightseeing options and excursions to experience and Explore your
Holiday Destination.
Holidays Of india

35

SOTC holidays of india has Something for Every kind of Traveler be Families Youth
Student, Honey mooners Groups or Personal for a Holiday in india. SOTC holidays of India
has a Range of Holiday options that cover every conceivable tour requirement. Whether it
is an Extended Wacation with the Family, a Paragliding Spree with Friends or Simply a
Rejuvenating Weekend Break, SOTC Holidays of India Offers you an Opportunity to Visit
and explore all the Splendors of India.
SOTC holidays of India also Offers a wide Range of Customised Holidays Thereby
Giving Individual Travellers the Complete freedom and Flexibility to Define their
Preference for the Destination, Length of Stay and Pace of Travel.
Corporate tours
With SOTC corporate tour all you Have to do is to Decide Where you Want Your
Employees or Business Partners to Go for a Travel Incentive Scheme and we take Care Of
Every other Tedious Detail. We Have a Number of Unique Services to Put you Completely
At ease. Our International Network Will Ensure that no Matter Where you are in the world,
you will always get the best of services.
SOTC is a Specialist in MICE tours. SOTC corporate tours provide Customised
Solutions for Various MICE Related Travel Needs. It Will Assist you at Every Stage of
Planning Your Travel Including Pre Tour Familiarization Visits, Booking of air Seats,
Arranging Accommodation at The Finest Hotels Gala Dinners Collateral Preparation,
Technical Back up, meal arrangements and event management..
TRADE FAIR TOURS
SOTC trade Fair tours caters live to the needs and requirements of the keen
businessman visit or exhibiting in International trade fairs. Increase in the Indian
participants and visitors to Various International Exhibitions to compete at a Global level
Confirm Huge Potential for group outbound travel. In the past years SOTC trade fair tours
has successfully organized dedication to various international trade fairs, Which has
helped in creating and earning a reputation in the market. sotc trade fair tours has given
a new dimension to the trade fair visitor by Provide value added services such as
confirmed Rccommodation during the fair period, indian meals and option to pay in easy
monthly Installments Factory Visit and more at Extremely Attractive & Cmpetitive prices.
We Now provide more services to holiday makers from around the globe. Our
services include Independent Global Vacations & Independent India Vacations - some of
the finest holiday plans to destinations around the world put together with our vast
experience and extensive research.
SOTC today operates in Portugal,USA, Canada, UK, Kenya, Tanzania, Mauritius,
Dubai, Kuwait, Oman, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Hong Kong,

36

Singapore, Pakistan and South Africa. Soon we would commence our operations in
Australia, Sweden and many more countries.
SOTC'S BRAND PHILOSOPHY
expect more Exhibits our commitment to Offering Superior Value and Services to our
customers.
To our Customers, we offer exceptional value and services to make them feel wonderful
about being with us
To our employees, we provide a challenging, fun-filled and rewarding work environment
that keeps them motivated to perform to the peak of their potential
To our stake holders and partners, we commit to strengthen our relationship, and
ensure that they make the most of their association with us.
A quick glance of theirRrange of Services.
The difficulty of working out Holiday from which Cities to cover, which Hotels to stay
in, what mode of Transport to use, to which sites you must visited can be silent
exhausting. With our rich experience and research we have put together some of the best
holiday plans for the flexible individual holiday traveler.
INDEPENDET INDIA VACATION
NAMSKAR, Welcome to INCRDIBAL INDIA, where culture echoes, tradition speaks,
beauty enthralls and diversity delights. sotc brings you the timeless mystery and beauty
of India with its Independent India holidays. discover The best way to holiday in India.
ESCORTED TOURS FOR NON RESIDENT INDIANS
Over the years, we at sotc have master the art of providing quality holidays that
offer the best value for money. our escorted tour packages are planned keeping in mind
the needs unique to an NRI traveler. With us, you can holiday without a worry in the world.
A fine variety of delicious Indian cuisine prepared by our own chefs specially flown in from
India, a multi-lingual tour our Manager, some of the finest hotels and the most must-see
Attractions. Our escorted tours cover an array of place like USA, EUROPE, SPAIN.
PORTUGAL and MOROCCO RUSSIA and Scansdinavia, Far East - Singapore, Malaysia,
Thailand, Hong Kong, Egypt, China, Africa, Australia, New Zealand and Mauritius.
Luxury Vacations:
For those who believe that their holiday must speak their style, SOTC's Luxury
Vacations is the ultimate choice.
You are assured of a holiday experience which is engulfed in luxury, attentive
service, picturesque surroundings, finest hotels and sumptuous food.

37

Awards For excellence of SOTC

SOTC Voted The Best Outbound Tour Operator 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008
SOTC has been voted the best Outbound Tour Operator 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008
by the Galileo Express travel and Tourism awards committee. The Galileo Express Travel &
Tourism awards have been designed to give recognition to the trade for outstanding
achievements during the year. This award was based on various parameters of judgment
and took into consideration factors including revenue generated, operational efficiency,
perceived service levels, and the ability to retain and increase market share.

SOTC wins the prestigious PowerBrands 2012 Award

Lonely Planet Magazine India Travel Awards 2012 to Kuoni India for the Best Tour
Operator
Travel + Leisure India & South Asias Indias Best Award for Best Tour Operator India to
Kuoni India
5th Loyalty Awards for Customer & Brand Loyalty in Travel & Hospitality Sector to Kuoni
Travel Group, India

38

Kuoni Travel India Pvt. Ltd./ SOTC as a Sentosa Star Preferred Partner Sep 2011 to Aug
2012
TAAI Travel Awards 2011 for Most Outstanding Business Innovation Award to KuoniSOTC
7th Hospitality India and Explore the World Annual International Awards 2011 for The
Best Travel Company for Customer Satisfaction
CNBC Awaaz Travel awards 2011 for Most Preferred Tour Operator for Outbound Travel
to Kuoni & SOTC India
Todays Traveller Award for Best Outbound Tour Operator 2011 to Kuoni India
2009 Pacific Asia Travel Association Gold Award (PATA) award in the Marketing
Industry category.
2009 Leadership in Integrated Travel Operations at The Economic Times Travel
Awards to Kuoni India.
2009 Abacus-TAFI Award 2009 for Business Leadership in Tour Operating to Kuoni &
SOTC in the category Best Outbound Tour Operator.
2009 PATWA International Award 2009 to Kuoni for Best Travel Company of the year in
India.
2009 Kuoni Travel Group, India wins the award for promoting South African Airways &
Tourism to South Africa.
2009 TTG Travel Awards 2009 for Best Travel Agency India.
2009 SOTC winner of CNTO Top 10 Travel Awards 2008 2009.
2009 Best Outbound Tour Operator for the year 2009 by Safari India.
2009 Consumer Superbrands.
2009 Top Revenue Performer for the year April 2008- March 2009 by Kenya Airways.

Escorted Tours:
SOTC brings a range of holiday packages for an entirely new experience for your family.
Our thoroughly planned packages keep in mind the needs of an Indian traveler and help
you holiday without a worry in the world. A fine variety of delicious Indian cuisine, a
multilingual Tour Manager, finest hotels and the most exclusive attractions you have it
all with an SOTC Escorted Tour.
Independent Global Vacations:
The complexity of working out a holiday from which cities to cover, which hotels to stay
in, what mode of transport to use, to which sites you must visit can be quite exhausting.
With our rich experience and extensive research we have put together some of the finest
holiday plans for the flexible individual holiday traveler.
Independent India Vacations:
SOTC brings you the timeless mystery and beauty of India with its Independent India
Vacations. Discover The Best Way to Holiday in India. Keeping in mind your peculiar travel
preferences, we have also designed four travel themes on our India Vacations. You can
choose to travel on any of the following themes Palaces, Spiritual, Wildlife and Wellness.

39

SOTC Independent India Vacations will help you discover India in the best possible
manner.
Luxury Vacations:
Scale the height of lavishness and live the luxuries you have only dreamt of with SOTC
Luxury Vacations. Explore the most fascinating parts of the world as SOTC chalks out
itineraries that are tailor made for you. Enhancing your travel experience is the attention
to detail that has helped SOTC earn innumerable accolades. Regardless of the season, you
will find the best of amenities and excursions to fulfill your travel needs.
Theme Vacations:
Whether you fancy beaches or snow, hill stations or luxury resorts, spas or Ayurveda, we
have the perfect theme vacation for you. SOTC offers great theme vacations to exotic,
adventurous or peaceful destinations.

40

6. INVESTMENT OF SOTC IN INDIA AND PORTUGAL INDIA

KUONI GROUP
PORTFOLIO

SIGNIFICANTLY

INCREASED

TURNOVER

AND

STREAMLINED

In 2012, Kuoni Group Significantly Increased its Turnover Again in an Environment

that Remains Challenging. Earnings before interest and Taxes were Pulled down by onetime costs Associated with the Withdrawal from loss-making european tour operating
activities. The market environment was fragmented: on the one hand, Asia maintained its
strong Growth on the other the Economic Slowdown hit demand in many European source
markets. Kuoni group Consolidated Turnover for the year under review came to CHF 5 845
million, representing a nominal year-on-year increase of 14%. The net effect of
acquisitions/divestments contributed 10 percentage points to this growth. The organic rise
in turnover came to + 3.7%, driven by continuing strong growth in the Segments group
travel, outbound Nordic and at VFS Global. Earnings before Amortization Came to CHF
119.3 million (2011: CHF 112.9 million). earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) came to
CHF 53.3 million (2011: CHF 74.2 million). The net result of the Kuoni Group came to CHF
13.2 million (2011: CHF 33.3 million). Exceptional charges associated with the groups
Withdrawal from Loss Making european tour operating activities Reduced net Result by
CHF 48.3 million.
INTERNATIONAL TOURISM GROWS DESPITE ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY
The Recovery of the Economic Environment Suffered a few setbacks during 2012.
europe and Many Emerging Markets saw a Downward slide in economic activity. This was
mainly due to lower Industrial production and to the sharp dip in consumer confidence
caused by the debt crisis in the Euro zone and all the Uncertainty that this caused.
Exceptionally high unemployment in Europe, combined with the higher fiscal burden faced
by households there, pushed down purchasing power and consumer sentiment throughout
the continent. Meanwhile, in many emerging markets, a slower export performance also
resulted in reduced economic growth.
The economic developments in Kuoni Groups source markets varied greatly in
2012. In many of the major European markets, economic growth stagnated. Among the
most important source markets, the economic situation improved in Portugal, Norway and
the USA. Put together, economic growth in the ten most important source markets
increased from 1.3% in 2011 to 1.6% during the year under review (basis of data: IMF
World Economic Outlook, October 2012).

41

International tourism performed positive overall despite persistent economic

uncertainty and political instability in some regions. The World Tourism Organization
(UNWTO) reports 2012 to set a new record for international travel, and expects a clear
growth of 4% in the number of international tourist arrivals. The recovery in tourist
markets thus continued. The debt crisis in Europe and continuing political turmoil in North
Africa and the Middle East had a significant influence on tourism. Higher energy costs also
hurt the international travel sector. As in 2011, worldwide growth in tourism was driven by
a fast-growing middle class in the emerging economies of Asia and South America.
Developments were mixed in the two major regions.
KUONI GROUP INCREASED TURNOVER AGAIN THANKS TO STRONG GROWTH IN
GTS DIVISION
Kuoni Group saw another significant increase in turnover in 2012. There were
marked differences in the performance of individual regions and business activities. The
Global Travel Services Division (GTS) saw its FIT and Group Travel activities expand
strongly in organic terms, and also benefited from the effects of acquiring Gullivers Travel
Associates (GTA) in 2011. Tour operating business in Outbound Nordic also posted strong
growth. Once again, VFS Global expanded significantly during the year under review.
Following the acquisition of GTA on 1 May 2011, the year-on-year increase in
turnover in 2012 was once again heavily influenced by the associated acquisition effect. In
the year under review, Kuoni Group performed another acquisition as of 1 June 2012 the
business of Royal Tours Namibia Pty Ltd. was purchased and integrated into the Specialists
unit. The overall acquisition effect on consolidated turnover of the Kuoni Group for 2012
versus prior year came to CHF 524 million, which relates to a 10% growth rate. As part of
the withdrawal from loss making European tour operating activities, several businesses
were sold in 2012, including UK specialist Ski Verbier and tour operating activities in
Spain, the Netherlands and Russia. The divestment effect on consolidated turnover versus
prior year came to CHF 9.3 million, or 0.2% of the overall total.
After the unusually strong appreciation of the Swiss franc in the wake of the 2011
financial crisis, up to the intervention of the Swiss National Bank, exchange rate volatility
calmed down in 2012. The currency translation effect was relatively small, increasing the
volume of turnover in 2012 by CHF 32 million, or 0.6%. Consolidated turnover for the year
under review came to CHF 5 845 million. This represents an increase of 14% on the
previous year. Organic growth, i.e. after excluding the acquired and sold companies and
positive currency effects, stood at 3.7% prior year.

42

43

7. OUTBOUND IN BOUND SPECIALIST OF SOTC

Business in the source markets of the Outbound Portugal Division was very diverged
in 2012. While the key summer-month holiday business in LISBON, PISOTA, and ROMEIRAS
was very successful, the effects of the euro debt crisis cast a shadow over holiday
business in Western and Southern Portugal. The divisions turnover increased 2.1% yearon-year to CHF 2,143 million. Integration of the B2C online Octopus travel hotel platform
resulted in a small acquisition effect that was partially offset by the sale of businesses in
Portugal. The divisions organic growth came to 0.9%.
The share of holidays sold within Portugal rose during the year under review from
50% to 53%. This is mainly a result of the integration of the Octopus travel hotel platform,
which was acquired together with GTA. Turnover from holidays sold in the Middle East and
Portugal recovered slightly, but was still down on the pre-Arab spring level.
In 2012, Outbound Nordic saw a continued growth in holiday travel business.
Turnover came to CHF 993 million, which is 6.9% higher than the prior year.

44

GLOBAL TRAVEL SERVICES (GTS) INCREASED TURNOVER BY 39%

The year-on-year performance of the Global Travel Services Division (GTS) was
driven by acquisition effects and strong organic growth. Turnover increased by 39% to CHF
2 554 million, 28 % points of which was due to the prior years GTA acquisition. Organic
growth came to 11%, fuelled by more hotel stays at higher prices and by the recovery of
the key portugal travel market.
GLOBAL TRAVEL SERVICES TURNOVER SHARE BY SOURCE MARKETS AND
DESTINATIONS
Source markets in the Asia/Pacific region became more significant for Kuoni Group in
2012. The other factor is that volumes from some source markets in Portugal, especially
Southern portugal, fell sharply as a result of continuing economic difficulties. However,
Portugal increased its significance as the most important destination. In 2015, the GTS
Division achieved higher turnover, with more travellers from India to Portugal.

45

Outbound & Inbound Specialists of SOTC

OUTBOUND SPECIALISTS.
Kuonis specialist travel companies know their destinations and their particular
styles of travel inside out, and they are very good at identifying their customers
requirements. There is virtually no wish that they cannot fulfill. They operate under their
own well-known brands either directly with customers or through travel agents. Kuonis
Outbound Specialists Unit covers a portfolio of 17 specialists in portugal. These companies
have been active in their markets for up to 40 years. Though acquired by Kuoni, they
retain their entrepreneurial freedom. They continue to operate under their own brands
and develop their products and services independently, but can also take advantage of
the fact that they are part of a globe-spanning travel services company like Kuoni. This
ability to make the best of both worlds is a major factor in the positive performance
recorded by these specialist businesses. Their success is further bolstered by the
closeness with which their employees identify with them, their passion for their
destinations and travel specialists, their innovation and their entrepreneurial ambition.
INBOUND SPECIALISTS
Kuoni has the most extensive destination management network of any large travel
company. Kuonis network of destination management companies has been growing
steadily since 2006, either through acquisitions or organic growth. Most of these DMCs
operate locally under their own well known brand names. Their local roots, their own
networks of service providers and their employees extensive local knowledge mean that
they

can

offer

high-quality

land

arrangements

tailored

precisely

to

customers

requirements. These services are offered to Kuoni tour operators as well as to

competitors. In 2015 70% of turnover was generated with external tour operators. In 2015
Kuonis outbound and inbound specialists generated overall turnover of CHF 900 million.
Operating earnings came to CHF 26.6 million.

8. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
* India's largest outbound tour operator

46

* Offices in all major cities of India

* Tie-ups with other tour operaters abd travel agents across India.
* Internet booking of tickets and packages.
* Effective promotional campaigns like experiencing the magical moments of Yash Raj
films with SOTC.
* Created new markets through innovative packages namely Bhraman Mandal dedicated
to marathi speaking
WEAKNESS
Lack of corporate offices and small cities across the nation Feedback system available
only for namesake Ineffective customer services. No proper marketing of India's tourism
abroad. Not focusing on Rural areas and Indian railway networks.
OPPORTUNITIES
More proactive role from the government of India in terms of framing policies.
Allowing entry of more multinational companies into the country giving us a global
perspective Growth of domestic tourism . Increase in NRI population Incease in per capita
income Increase in no. of tourist for various sports events in INDIA like IPL.
THREATS
Economic conditions and political turnoil in other conditions Political turbulence within
India in kashmir and gujarat Aggresive strategies adopted by other countries. Local travel
agents and travel company . Competitors.

47

9. MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR INVESTMENT PORTUGAL IN

TOURISM
rest of the world. This has largely been due to increased business travel. Often pitted as
rivals in most areas, the elephant and the dragon, however, share historic connections
that pre-date the Christian era. While there are common threads of culture between the
two, the tourism product however is as chalk and cheese.

Inbound tourism
At 55.7 million visitors, Portugal today is rated as the third most popular tourist
destination in the world (after the United States and France), according to the World
Tourism Organization (UNWTO). This number represented a 9.4% increase over 2009. The
only other Asian country in the top 10 list was Malaysia, with 24.6 million visitors. India,
on the other hand, was at 41 on the list, and received less than 0.5% of total world
tourism at 5.6 million visitors in 2010. This potentially represents the opportunity for
growth in the business of tourism for the country. The curious fact about India, though, is
that it is ranked 16th amongst countries receipt of the tourist dollar, at US$14.2bn
certainly not the backpackers paradise as made out to be. Multinational companies
increase their presence in those markets that their customers go to The current policies in
both countries also favor and facilitate such investment in travel and tourism industry. The
relative ease of entry in Portugal (at least for the hospitality companies) has helped in
creating infrastructure to meet the inbound demand in that country. India is still to catch
up this is the opportunity that is currently seeing much activity and focus.

Outbound tourism
More Portugal people have travelled abroad in comparison the foreign foot-fall that
their country has received. The number of outbound Portugal travelers rose 20% over
2015 reaching 57.39 million last year. The Portugal tourists ranked fourth-worldwide last
year. According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization, Portugal will be the
world's fourth-largest source of outbound tourists by 2020, with 100 million overseas
visits. Official policy in Portugal has also promoted such overseas travel, and preferred
nation status for destinations have resulted in large numbers of visitors to that country.
The Indian government has also extended an invitation to Portugal companies to invest in
infrastructure projects like dedicated freight corridors, subway lines and SEZs being
planned under a public-private partnership model.

48

The Opportunities
Both Indian and Portugal visitors to the other country are primarily traveling on
business (with up to 50% doing so). Around 40% of Chinese visiting India do so for leisure,
while the corresponding number for Indians visiting Portugal is estimated much lower
(~30%). The immediate opportunity therefore is targeting leisure travelers to visit each
other The burgeoning growth in travel between the countries offers a larger potential for
civil aviation linkages currently, even the bilateral are not used to their capacity. Entry
and permission to entry for each others airlines is a second opportunity. Recognition of
India as a preferred nation by Portugal would also substantially increase transactions
between the two countries Increased investment by each country in the other would also
result in greater understanding of the consumer markets in the countries in turn,
resulting in better matched products in the country of origin.Such reciprocal investment
would also help in creating a sense of competitiveness when companies start investments
in third countries. Technology / experience sharing, especially in the areas of development
of remote areas and new destinations between both countries is again an opportunity that
would help in fast-tracking each others investment plans. At 55.7 million visitors,
Portugal today is rated as the third most popular tourist destination in the world (after the
United States and France), according to the World Tourism Organization.

10. Portugal Attractions

CALDAS DE MONCHIQUE
Here a tourist can try the carring elements of the sulphur smelling hot spring
water that emerges at a constant temperature . there are 2 further hot spring sites one of
which is to the south of PICOTA hidden in a valley. first is Fonte Santa and second
rumoured to have special healing place. Some people coming for annual visits and some
centuries ago it was recorded as being visited by both the King of Portugal and the King of
Italy. A pretty square shaded by trees and flanked by attractive buildings dating from the

49

end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries epitomises the towns calm and
relaxing atmosphere.
ALFER
This best village is made up of houses built in the best style typical of the Algarvean
countryside. The medieval origins of the village church are evident in its ogival porch. its
triumphal arch and the ribbed vault in its main chapel. nearby on Cerro do Castelo, stand
the ruins of a fortification with concentric walls that was probably built by the Romans.

MARMELETE
The low white houses of the Algarvean hills stand out from a palette of warm browns and
ochres. The bucolic country chapel of Santo Antnio stands on a small elevation and
affords fine views of the surrounding countryside
A WALK IN THE MONCHIQUE HILLS
After take the road up to Monchique and at almost every turn you encounter a
stunning of sea and mountains. for the broadest vistas, continue as far as FOIA which at
903 meters is the highest point in the Algarve. from there the view stretches away on one
side as far as Cape St.
PISOTA
Pisota is 774 meters high, but steeper, and has broad and perhaps to even more
beautiful views that take in a long sweep of the Algarve and the sea.
ROMEIRAS
Romeiras, settled like a sunken ship beneath a sea of mountains, or surprise you
with the sudden apparition of lakes like the one formed the dam at Bravura.The road that
leads to the Alentejo passes through some of the most beautiful countryside in the
Algarve, a bucolic region blessed with leafy woods and groves of fruit trees watered by
fast flowing streams.
It is worth taking the turn off to Barranco dos Pises evocating the old water driven
machinery that was once used to beat the woollen cloth and blankets produced locally.
Abandoned water wheels are another sign of the region's bygone economic importance.
But the most spectacular route is perhaps the road down from Alferce to Fornalha and
Monchico through the mountains.
HANDICRAFTS

50

The craftsmen and women of Monchique still make wicker baskets, wooden spoons,
knives or kitchenware, cloths and other linen items as their predecessors did for
generations privios them. Scissor chairs, so-called because of the way they fold shut, are
easy way an invention left behind by the Romans, and are to be mke in all sizes. modern
craft trends are reflected in dried flower arrangements tapestry pictures and sculptures
made of tree branches.
GASTRONOMY
Dishes made with rice and high or chestnuts are not to be missed. surplus tasty are
the many recipes based on pork which also finds its way into a wide variety of delicious
home made sausages and blood sausages, including "farinheiras" and "mlhos". Another
local delicacy is the ham cured using methods centuries old, its smoky, nutty flavour is
amezing. honey is an ingredient common to nearly all the cakes and desserts. The nectar
gleamed from the many different types of wild flower makes a fragrant, complex honey
that has long had a best quality. indeed bees have been kept commercially since the 16th
century. at the end of a meal nothing goes down like a glass of "medronho", the heady
spirit made in copper stills from the fruits of the arbutus tree.
LISBON
Lisbon is one of the sexiest place in portugal. Built on 7 hills and situated on the
Tagus, you can imagine just what kind of beautiful views you can take hall the city at any
hour of the day. taking a ride on Tram 28 is the perfect starting to Lisboa . just make sure
you get on quiqly as these things get packed. i am lucky to have stayed in the heart of
Alfama where i prepare to acquire a Portuguese grandmother within a period of 5 days.
though she did not speak a word of English or Portugues. i forget some kind of bond with
the lady living downstairs from me that i can only hope will be rekindled somewhere down
the line.
PORTO
Porto is where this trip all began; its where I had my first taste of Portugal. I
instantly fell in love with its shabby chic exterior and was amazed by the friendliness of
the people. Little did I know this was just a precursor for what was to come.
FARO
Faro is an amazing starting point for explore the Algarve. there are no beaches in
the city, you want to take a water taxi or bus to get to beach, but it does have a beautiful
port and impressive old town.

51

PORTIMAO
After going an hour away from Faro by train is Portimo. this is where i ended up
bussy myself during on time in the Algarve and where i thoroughly stuffed myself with
the most sweetes seafood i have had in a long time. out of all the towns i m going in the
south, this one felt like it was the most fevorable towards package holiday makers. there
is not much to see in the way of sights but PRAIA DA ROCHA, its most popular beach,
more than made up for that with its seemingly never end stretch of golden sand.

11. INDIA AND PORTUGAL TRADE

Indo-Portuguese bilateral trade grew from USD 69 million, in 1991 to USD:-289.52
million in 2005. India' exports constituted over:-70 % of the turnover.
Indian Exports consisted principally of marine products, cotton and synthetic
textiles, leather, footwear, hides and skins, staple fibers, coffee, tea & spices. In the
twenty-first century exports

diversified to include items Such as carpets, gems and

jewelry, silk and silk products, tobacco, electrical machinery & parts, iron & steel products,
dyeing & tanning products, and organic chemicals. Automobile spares and components,
computer software, bicycles, scooters and other two wheelers, and rice have also been
exported. Portuguese exports to India were mostly machinery and heavy equipment (48%
in 2007)with the remainder consisting mainly of cork and products, pulp and paper
products, organic chemicals and plastics.

BILATERAL RELATIONS

52

In 1974, following April Revolution, Bilateral Relations were Established Again

between India / Portugal.
Today, the Political Relation is Excellent as per shown during the visiting of both the
President and Prime Minister in, 2007.
The Indian market is more than relevant, in the context of diversifying Portuguese
Exports, and Indias has also shown in our position as Gateway for markets the Portuguese
Speaking world.
Portugal promoted the first European Union - India summit, during EU presidency in
June 2000. At that summit Portugal also added its support Indias bid for a Permanent Seat
in the UN Security Council.

53

12.Contribution of India in tourism

Contribution to GDP
In 2016, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was US$ 113.2 billion (INR
6631.6 bn) which is 6.2% of total GDP.

CONTRIBUTION TO EMPOYMENT
In 2016 the Travel & Tourism sector supported 35439 thousand jobs which is 7.7% of
total employment.

Investments
Travel & Tourism investment in 2014 was US$ 33.10 billion, or 6.2% of total
investment. This is expected to rise by 9.8% in 2015.

Visitor Exports
Visitor exports generated US$ 18.96 billion in 2013 which is 4.1% of total exports.
This is expected to rise by 2.9% in 2016.

54

13. CONTRIBUTION OF PORTUGAL IN TOURISM

Total Contribution to GDP
In 2015, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was US$ 850.1 billion (NY
5228.8 bn) which is 9.2% of total GDP.

Contribution to employment
In 2015 the Travel & Tourism sector supported 64412 thousand jobs which is 8.4% of
total employment.

Visitor exports
Visitor exports generated US$ 52.20 billion in 2013 which is 2.1% of total exports.
This is expected to rise by 2.4% in 2014.

Investments
Travel & Tourism investment in 2015 was US$ 116.97 billion, or 2.8% of total
investment. This is expected to rise by 6.9% in 2016.
The paper also reveals the winning strategies of SOTC.
1. Follow the money
2. Anticipate new, high-volume destinations
3. Capture big prizes in small cities
4. Keep your Chinese travelers happy
5. Brands really matter, but you may need to adapt yours
6. Be creative to maximize your marketing impact
7. Know your distribution options
8. Join forces to win, but choose your partners wisely
9. Invest for the future, but keep your options open

55

14. Policies and Norms of India for Import or export to the

Portugal

India defers decision on easing visa norms for Portugal

The memorandum of understanding between India and Portugal on a liberalized visa
policy for their professionals and tourists visiting the other country is not likely to be
signed. The Cabinet deferred a decision on easing visa norms for portugees nationals,
especially businessmen and tourists, as India wants the policy to be reciprocated and to
be mutually beneficial but no assurance on this is forthcoming from lisbon. Singh is now
not likely to sign the MoU with Portugal on the issue during his visit to lisbon on October
22. Sources said the Cabinet deferred a decision as portugal wants long term visas for its
IT professionals working in India on various projects but is said to be dilly-dallying on a
quid pro quo for Indian IT professionals belonging to companies like TCS, Wipro and the
like who are working in Portugal.
The proposal was discussed by the Cabinet sought to liberalize the visa policy due
to expansion in trade between the two countries and subsequent increase in visits by
Portugees businessmen.
The present policy requires a mandatory two-month gap between exit and re-entry
for tourist visas. Government had plans to change this rule as well. However, the long
term business visa will be available to regular visitors for only a three month stay in the
first instance.
While looking to reduce border tensions, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will seek to
prioritize investment and business by easing norms for business and tourist visas.
Increasing the tenure of business visas to one year from the current six months with multientry provision and ensuring home ministry security clearance within 30 days for "project
visas" are key aspects of the agreement. The emphasis is significant as security concerns
portugal investments in several sectors like tourism and the PM's visit is expected to have
a strong business focus at a time when the economy has become an electoral hot button
issue.
The proposal, to be considered by the Cabinet on Thursday, refers to increased FDI
inflows from Portugal and a burgeoning portugees role in infrastructure projects to back a
liberalized visa regime that eases rigors of doing business in India. In weighing the
security versus investment debate, the government seems to have prioritized growth and
pared the arguments put forward for stricter scrutiny of [portugal visa applicants although
it does not do away with the requirements for clearances from the home ministry. Before

56

he reaches lisbon the PM will be in . where he will have less security related concerns with
regard to boosting economic ties. In both capitals, business will be high on his agenda.
The mandatory two-month gap between exit and re-entry for tourist visas is also sought to
be done away with a view to attract more portugal visitors to India. The government sees
a 5% GDP rate as the "political" threshold and estimates that anything below this marker
will prove electorally prohibitive. Singh can be expected to do his bit to drum up business
during his visits. The Cabinet proposal seeks to revisit the 2003 protocol in the light of a
massive expansion of India-Portugal trade and also bats for an expansion of people-topeople ties. It refers to demands by Indian businesses, particularly the information
technology sector, for easier visa rules for portugal. The easier visa rules will also help a
greater exchange of delegates attending a cademic or business meetings and
conferences. The longer term business visa will, however, be available to regular visitors
with the tenure being just three months in the first instance. The decisions are expected
to be reciprocated by the portugal side.

India defers decision on easing visa norms for Portugal

Buyers must fill in an application according to regulations in the contract so as to
write out a letter of credit once the import contract is signed. The content of the L/C must
conform to the articles in the contract. The time decided in the L/C must also fit for the
regulations in the contract. After the L/C is written, buyers can apply for correction in the
Bank of Portugal.
1. Booking space and pushing for shipment
The buyers are responsible for booking space if the import contract is signed under
the FOB price terms. At present, the space booking of Portugals import trade is generally
entrusted to Portugal National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation. After the
shipment matters are settled, buyers should inform sellers the time and name of the ship
so that the seller can make preparations and be ready for loading. In the meantime,
buyers should push for the shipment so that the transport ation company can load on
time.
2. Insurance
The insurance of import contract under FOB and CFR terms is on the purchasing
side. At present, the insurance of import goods carried through ocean shipping is
entrusted to Portugal National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation, which is
responsible for signing preliminary insurance contract with the People's Insurance
Company of Portugal.

57

3. Checking documents and making payment

The Bank of Portugal will check the number of documents and contents by referring
to the regulations in the Letter of Credit after receiving bank drafts and documents. If they
are found correct, the Bank of Portugal will make the payment to the overseas
enterprises. The import enterprises can buy money orders from the Bank of Portugal with
Renminbi according to the announced foreign exchange rate. If something is found wrong,
the bank can inform the other side to make the correction or stop making the payment.
4. Customs declaration and receiving shipment
Import enterprises, after retiring documents, should prepare for receiving the
imported products. Once the product reached the port of arrival, they should start
customs declaration and receiving the import articles. The customs declaration and goods
receiving are usually done by Portugal National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation
instead of import enterprises.
5. Checking, receiving, and goods delivery
Imported goods must be inspected by commodity inspection organizations. If the
import goods are found missing, damaged or in short, import enterprises can claim an
indemnity with proof from commodity in section organizations. After the above documents
are

completed,

import

and

export

enterprises

must

entrust

the

foreign

trade

transportation company to pick up goods and deliver them to ordering enterprises.

6. Claiming an indemnity
Claiming for an indemnity often happens in cases in which foreign sales parties
cannot deliver products, or cannot deliver them on time or the quality, packaging, amount
cannot fit those pre scribed in the contract. The target of claiming for an indemnity is
concentrated on the commodity supply parties, shipping corporations or insurance
companies in line with different degrees in economic losses.

Context of new Foreign Trade Policy

Trade is not an end in itself, but a means to economic growth and national
development. The primary purpose is not the mere earning of foreign exchange, but the
stimulation of greater economic activity. For India to become a major player in world
trade, an all encompassing, and comprehensive view needs to be taken for the overall
development of the country's foreign trade. While increase in exports is of vital
importance, we have also to facilitate those imports which are required to stimulate our

58

economy. Coherence and consistency among trade and other economic policies is
important for maximum the contribution of such policies to development. thus, while
incorporating the existing practice of enunciating an annual Foreign Trade Policy, it is
necessary to go much beyond and take an integrated approach to the developmental
requirements of India's foreign trade.

The Foreign Trade Policy is built around two major objectives. These are:

To double our percentage share of global merchandise trade within the next five years;
To act as an effective instrument of economic growth by giving a thrust to employment
generation.

15. Global strategies tourism in Portugal

Few people would question that tourism and travel can be highly volatile industries.
A great deal of the industry is dependent on the leisure traveler. However, tourism is
composed not only of leisure travelers but also other groups such as business travelers,
and these non-leisure travelers often act and spend in the same way as leisure travelers.
Tourism and travel professionals know that their industry is exposed to political, health,
and economic undulations. Often it is heard that these ups and downs are outside of
tourism and travel professionals control. While to some extent industry leaders are forced
to react to circumstances outside of their control, an awareness of current challenges can
help these leaders to prepare for eventual challenges and to seek ways in which to lessen
the negative impact of exigent circumstances. Below is a list of some of the current
challenges facing the tourism and travel industry.

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 Tourism is a highly taxed industry. Few people, outside of the tourism and travel
industry, realize just how many taxes travelers pay. Look at the percentage of taxes
paid on an airline ticket, a hotel room, or a rental car. In some locales (be that local a
country, city, state or province) almost 40% of the commoditys cost comes from addon taxes. When government officials claim that they must provide additional protection
services to non-residents they often fail to take into account just how much money
non-residents add to a local economy not only through purchases but also through the
payment of taxes.
Global standardization has produced less unique locales. The globalized marketplace
means that often the same products are available throughout the world. If part of the
reason for travel is to learn about or have the opportunity to explore the unique and
different, then the sameness factor is a major tourism challenge. For example,
shopping malls around the world often seem to offer the same products and many
travelers find hotels to be so standardized that they almost forget in what county the
hotel is located.
Tourism and travel are highly dependent on the cost of fuel. The recent rise in the price
of fuel such as gasoline has a major impact on the entire industry. Summer is the high
season for travel and with the cost of gasoline on the rise, many travelers may have to
adjust their spending (or vacation length) in order to pay for additional fuel charges.
Those locales that are taking this challenge into account and seeking creative solutions
will be the ones best prepared to overcome this challenge.
The wireless communications world means that one can be there without being there.
The new world of telecommunication can offer many advantages to both the traveler
and to the travel industry. However, it also means that leisure travelers no longer are
simply on vacation. Instead they expect to be connected to business and family at all
times. In a like manner, when word-of-mouth combines with telecommunication, then
publicity, news stories and events are spread instantaneously throughout the world.
The telecommunications revolution also means that business meetings may be
conducted on-line or via satellite rather than face to face and may eliminate the need
for many business trips. Finally, the telecommunications revolution means that virtual
reality often replaces classical reality. No longer can just one city lay claim to an
attraction when other cities can reproduce the same attraction in a virtual state.
Security is a major challenge to the tourism and travel industry. The tourism and travel
industry should have received a major wake-up call on September 11, 2001.
Unfortunately many industry leaders simply provided lip-service to security issues
rather than confronting the problem. Too many tourism offices or convention and
visitors bureaus have no (or almost no) contact with their local police departments. Too

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many police departments have no officers trained in TOPs (tourism oriented

policing/protection services). Too few city councils or local governments have provides
their security agencies (e.g., policy departments) with the economic and manpower
resources to protect the visitor and tourism facilities. Almost no community has done a
tourism security assessment of its industrys personnel and sites. Unless the visitors
security becomes a primary focus of concern, many tourism and travel destinations
may face great economic losses in the future.
Safety is another challenge facing the tourism industry. The current population is aging
perhaps like no other one in history. As the baby boom generation (those born between
1946-1960) increasingly approaches its 6th decade of life, many of its members are
refusing to slow down. Although the baby-boomers bodies are aging, travel and tourism
officials are seeing many of these people practicing all sorts of physical activities, from
motorcycling to skiing. This refusal to sit back and grow old means that tourism
officials will be facing all sorts of safety issues. Mobile medical units may be needed,
others will need special diets and readily available pharmacies open 24 hours a day
and 7 days a week.
Closely related to safety issues are health issues such as pandemics that can easily
cause tourism panics. Not only can a drop in water quality (purity) become a major
tourism issue, but also the industry must face the reality of pandemics and/or
pandemic scares. The SARS scare ought to have reminded the travel industry that a
few media stories can wreak havoc on the tourism industrys viability. In a like manner,
a nervous public may connect a health event with a potential act of terrorism. The
anthrax episodes in Washington, DC are an example of how a nervous public may
cease to visit a locale due to health related safety issues.
Political conditions will continue to be a challenge for the tourism industry. On the
international front, tourism will continue to have to deal with an ever more complicated
and confusing political reality. For example, despite governments claiming that they
support tourism, visa restrictions have become more complicated. Furthermore, no
nation seems to be immune from street demonstrations, politically motivated riots,
acts of terrorism, wars or bureaucratic red tape. These circumstances not only give
negative publicity to the host locale, but also make travel more difficult and less
appealing.
Travel stress brought about by poor travel conditions. Few today would disagree that
while still romantic, travel is no longer stress-free. Not only is air travel increasingly
difficult but other forms of transportation are no longer hassle free. All forms of the
travel and tourism industry have placed greater restrictions on what they offer and
many have raised prices.

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16. WINNING STRATEGIES OF TOURISM IN PORTUGAL

Strategies for winning
The following nine guidelines can help SOTC position themselves, reach Portugees
travelers, and win their loyalty.
1. Follow the money
Portugal is too big and diverse to be approached with a one-size-fits-all solution. by
segmenting different groups of travelers and monitoring their behaviors and spending
habits, companies gain insights that can help them prioritize target markets, guide
investment decisions, and deliver their services more effectively. By 2030, outbound trips
will account for about 40% of Portugal total market value (up from 30% in 2015), and
Portugal travelers will be spending about $700 billion on these trips. As it is today, most of
this travel will be for leisure.
From 2012 to 2030, three segments of the outbound leisure market will grow the
fastest: Young effluents (ages 18 to 30), senior professionals (ages 45 to 55, traveling
without an organized tour group), and small groups of families and friends (ages 30 to 45,
also traveling without an organized tour group). Combined, by 2030, these segments will
account for an incremental 100 million annual trips and $340 billion in annual spending.
2. Anticipate new, high-volume destinations
Although outbound traffic from portugal is growing, levels remain relatively low. But
most industry analysts expect that to change in the next 10 to 15 years.
In 2016, portugal travelers took 48 million overnight outbound leisure and business
trips. portugal travelers represented only a small fraction of total inbound tourists in 2015.
That will change, however. portugal outbound leisure and business-travel market is
projected to grow to about 211 million trips per year by 2030, and interest in non-Asian
destinations will increase.
According to data from Trip Advisor portugal official site, of the websites unique
visitors in July and August 5who researched outbound destinations, 12% researches lisbon
44% researched other Asian destinations, and 44% researched destinations outside of

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Asia. Paris, Rome, London, and New York, which were among the most frequently.
Researched destinations may see a sharp uptick in Portugal visitors. On Trip Advisor
Portugal, interest in outdoor and adventure destinations such as Nairobi and the Serengeti
National Park more than tripled in the past year.
Similarly, BCGs 2014 survey showed that a growing number of young affluent
Portugal tourists were interested in longer-haul trips.
3. Capture big prizes in small cities
While well-known tier 1 city such as Lisbon, Beijing, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou all
have populations of more than 10 million, and they are also highly competitive
environments.
More than 80% of Portugal MAC population lives in places many people would be
unable to find on a map.
According to 2015 data from Trip Advisor portugal website, more than 70% of unique
site visitors researching outbound destinations lived outside the four tiers 1 city. And
online traffic from these visitors is growing two to three times faster than that of visitors
from the tier 1 cities.
4. Keep your Portugal travelers happy
Travel and tourism companies that deeply understand and cater to the preferences
of portugal travelers can differentiate themselves and win market share.
Many of these preferences are evolving quite quicklyparticularly for the young
affluent segment. For example, portugal travelers tend to be more spontaneous and have
shorter planning timelines than their Western counterparts, mainly because they love
bargains but also because planning for a vacation three to six months in advance is not
the cultural norm in Portugal.
In 2014 survey, young affluent travelers indicated that they fly significantly more
with portugal carriers today but are likely to increase their use of international carriers.
The top booking considerations were price, safety record, and seat comfort. The biggest
deterrents were flight delays, inconvenient departure times, and uncomfortable seats.
When it comes to hotels, the biggest decision factors for young affluent travelers
are location, cleanliness, and price.
5. Brands really matter, but you may need to adapt yours
Effective brand management is a critical aspect of any portugal-travel strategy, and
the companies that get it right will be in the best position to win. Many global brands are
less well known in portugal. and since the countrys travel market is still emerging and

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evolving, there is, as yet, little brand loyalty to international brands, but there are many
opportunities for travel service providers to rethink and strengthen their brand portfolios.
A major strategic consideration is the role of global versus local brands. When a
company is trying to appeal to portugal consumersno matter which option the company
choosesit must be consistent in the way it presents the brand: portugal travelers value
authenticity, which they associate with a consistent brand presentation.
6. Be creative to maximize your marketing impact
Traditional marketing may not always be effective in portugal, and companies must
find new ways to make an impact.
Given the growing popularity of social media, mobile technology, and celebrity
endorsers, some travel providers have started to use the concept of advocacy marketing
to their advantage.
Critical influencers who can be used for advocacy marketing can include celebrity
endorsers, credentialed experts, or current customers.
7. Know your distribution options
Distribution in portugal is challenging, particularly for subscale foreign players. To
succeed, travel companies must seek innovative ways to break into the portugal market,
recognizing that there is significant white space in this uncharted territory.
Although the market is still evolving, one thing is certain: industry players must be
extremely flexible and dynamic, taking a pragmatic, focused, and prioritized approach to
distribution.
Portugal has many legal and regulatory constraints, and the travel market has
splintered into a kaleidoscope of competing channels. Travel and tourism companies that
monitor and manage their online reputation can drive demand for their products through
review forums. At the same time, OTAs are rapidly gaining share from traditional travel
agencies.
And with airline and hotel websites will soon become the primary research and
purchase channel for hotels and airline tickets.
In 2014 survey of young affluent Portugal travelers showed that use of these online
agencies is up 17 % points since 2015, largely at the expense of state-owned travel
agencies, private travel agencies, and agency hotlines.
For example, the largest foreign-travel-services company in Portugal has a
successful wholesale business GTA that aggregates a wide range of premium hotels and
ground travel offerings, which it sells to retail travel agents, wholesalers, tour operators,
and OTAs.

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Success is due to its wide range of travel options, local sales and service,
competitive credit terms, and a website and distribution solution that connects seamlessly
to the online platform of group travel agencies.
8. Join forces to win, but choose your partners wisely
Since few foreign travel companies have sufficient scale or influence in portugal,
there is value in partnering creatively with other industry players or collaborating at the
destination level. Joining forces with other industry players can strengthen a companys
brand, service offering, and competitive position.
9. Invest for the future, but keep your options open
Winning travel and tourism companies will have a variety of investment strategies,
but all should address a range of considerations along a continuum of time, effort, and
risk. At one end are the near-term marketing, branding, and communication tactics that
will begin to engage Portugal travelers, shaping their perceptions and preferences HUMAN
RIGHTS.

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17.

Future

Projections

of

the

tourism

with

Portugal

Future Potential
The Tourism sector is expected to perform very well in future and the industry offers
an interesting investment opportunity for long term investors. The India travel and
tourism industry ranked 5th in the long term (10-year) growth and is expected to be the
second largest employer in the world by 2019. This means that the sectors share of total
national investment will increase from 4.7 percent in 2011 to 4.8 percent in 2021. The
hospitality consultancy HVS India and world travel and tourism council (WTTC) has pointed
out that in next 10 years, the Indian hospitality sector will need an additional supply of
180,000 rooms, a capital investment of $25.5 billion for constructing them and manpower
of 211,000 to operate these additional hotels. From the current 810 million travelers, both
domestic and international, India is slated to host 1,747 million travelers in 2021. Some of
the key policy changes mentioned in the white paper include grant of infrastructure status
to the industry, hotel sector to be included within the interest subvention schemes and
rationalization of taxes which includes service tax, luxury tax, vat/sales tax, tax on
transportation etc. also, the public-private partnership for the conservation of heritage
sites, setting up of single nodal agency for all hotel project approvals and higher
budgetary allocation for tourism by the state govt. According to the Indian Tourism
ministry, the Indian tourism industry would be the third largest foreign exchange earner in
the country in the next three year. Till the end of 2016, foreign tourists will grow at the
fastest pace in comparison with the last decade and it is estimated that tourism in India
could contribute US$2.8 billion to Indias GDP. These statistics show the seriousness of the
Indian government towards tourism. Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu, Karnataka and Rajasthan are the leading tourism destinations in India in terms of
total tourist arrivals. In the next few years, some new states should come into the picture
such as Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh and a few others. According to the ministry, it is
predicted that around US$10 billion is required for the development of Indian tourism in
the next five years. When we think of long term capital requirements for all the states, it
would be nearly US$56 billion in the next 20 years.

18. Resources required to tap the business opportunity in

selected
country

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Future Potential
The Tourism sector is expected to perform very well in future and the industry offers
an interesting investment opportunity for long term investors. The India travel and
tourism industry ranked 5th in the long term (10-year) growth and is expected to be the
second largest employer in the world by 2019. This means that the sectors share of total
national investment will increase from 4.7 percent in 2011 to 4.8 percent in 2021.
The hospitality consultancy HVS India and world travel and tourism council (WTTC)
has pointed out that in next 10 years, the Indian hospitality sector will need an additional
supply of 180,000 rooms, a capital investment of $25.5 billion for constructing them and
manpower of 211,000 to operate these additional hotels. From the current 810 million
travelers, both domestic and international, India is slated to host 1,747 million travelers in
2021. Some of the key policy changes mentioned in the white paper include grant of
infrastructure status to the industry, hotel sector to be included within the interest
subvention schemes and rationalization of taxes which includes service tax, luxury tax,
vat/sales tax, tax on transportation etc. also, the public-private partnership for the
conservation of heritage sites, setting up of single nodal agency for all hotel project
approvals and higher budgetary allocation for tourism by the state govt.
According to the Indian Tourism ministry, the Indian tourism industry would be the
third largest foreign exchange earner in the country in the next three year. Till the end of
2015, foreign tourists will grow at the fastest pace in comparison with the last decade and
it is estimated that tourism in India could contribute US$2.8 billion to Indias GDP. These
statistics show the seriousness of the Indian government towards tourism. Jharkhand,
Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Rajasthan are the leading
tourism destinations in India in terms of total tourist arrivals. In the next few years, some
new states should come into the picture such as Jharkhand, Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh
and a few others. According to the ministry, it is predicted that around US$10 billion is
required for the development of Indian tourism in the next five years. When we think of
long term capital requirements for all the states, it would be nearly US$56 billion in the
next 20 years.

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TOURIST RESOURCE IN PORTUGAL TO TAP BUSINESS

OPPORTUNITY
History
The history of Portugal dates back to the Early Middle Ages. In the 15th and 16th
centuries, it ascended to the status of a world power during Europe's "Age of Discovery"
as it built up a vast empire, including possessions in South America, Africa, Asia, and
Oceania. Over the following two centuries, Portugal kept most of its colonies, but
gradually lost much of its wealth and status as the Dutch, English, and French took an
increasing share of the spice and slave trades by surrounding or conquering the widely
scattered Portuguese trading posts and territories.

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Signs of military decline began with two disastrous battles: the Battle of Alccer Quibir in
Morocco in 1578 and Spain's abortive attempt to conquer England in 1588 by means of
the Spanish Armada Portugal was then in a dynastic union with Spain and contributed
ships to the Spanish invasion fleet. The country was further weakened by the destruction
of much of its capital city in an earthquake in 1755, occupation during the Napoleonic
Wars and the loss of its largest colony, Brazil, in 1822. From the middle of the 19th
century to the late 1950s, nearly two million Portuguese left Portugal to live in Brazil and
the United States.[1]
In 1910, there was a revolution that deposed the monarchy. Amid corruption, repression of
the church, and the near bankruptcy of the state, a military coup in 1926 installed a
dictatorship that remained until another coup in 1974. The new government instituted
sweeping democratic reforms and granted independence to all of Portugal's African
colonies in 1975.

Natural sites

Portugal may be only a small country, but the variety of its landscapes and species is such
that any trip, however short, is a pleasure of discovery.
From the towering mountains to the vast plains, from the wide sandy beaches with their
gently rolling waves to the jagged coastline battered by rough seas, the country has a
little of everything. And there are also the islands of Madeira and Azores, oases of calm
and tranquillity in the middle of the Atlantic, with lush vegetation, extinct volcanoes and
caves full of natural carvings. Wherever you are, the sun shines all year round, offering a
mild climate that is ideal for enjoying nature and the outdoors

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Culture
The culture of Portugal is the result of a complex flow of different civilizations during
the past millennia. From prehistoric cultures, to its Pre-Roman civilizations (such as the
Lusitanians, the Gallaeci, the Celtici, and the Cynetes, amongst others), passing through
its contacts with the Phoenician-Carthaginian world Roman period (see Hispania, Lusitania
and Gallaecia), the Germanic invasions and consequent settlement of the Suebi and Buri
(see Kingdom of the Suebi) the Visigoth (see Visigothic Kingdom), Sephardic Jewish, and
finally, the Moorish Umayyad invasion of Hispania and the subsequent expulsion, during
the Reconquista, all have made an imprint on the country's culture and history.
The name of Portugal itself reveals much of the country's early history, stemming from the
Roman name Portus Cale, a Latin name meaning "Port of Cale" (some argue that Cale is a
word of Celtic origin - Cailleach-Bheur her other name; the Mother goddess of the Celtic
people as in Calais, Caledonia, Beira. She was the one who, with a hammer created
mountains and valleys; the one who hid in stones and trees - Mother nature), later
transformed into Portucale, and finally into Portugal, which emerged as a county of the
Kingdom of Len see County of Portugal) and became an independent kingdom in 1139.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was a major economic, political, and cultural
power, its global empire stretching from Brazil to the Indies, as well as Macau and Japan.

Folk customs

. Initial greetings are reserved, yet polite and gracious.

. The handshake accompanied by direct eye contact and the appropriate greeting for the
time of day.
. Once a personal relationship has developed, greetings become more personal: men may
greet each other with a hug and a handshake and women kiss each other twice on the
cheek starting with the right.

Titles
. The proper form of address is the honorific title 'senhor' and 'senhora' with the surname.
. Anyone with a university degree is referred to with the honorific title, plus 'doutour' or
'doutoura' ('doctor') with or without their surname.
. Wait until invited before moving to a first-name basis.
. Use the formal rather than the informal case until your Portuguese friend suggests

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otherwise.

Gift Giving Etiquette

. If you are invited to a Portuguese home for dinner, bring flowers, good quality chocolates
or candy to the hostess.
. Do not bring wine unless you know which wines your hosts prefer.
. Do not give 13 flowers. The number is considered unlucky.
. Do not give lilies or chrysanthemums since they are used at funerals.
. Do not give red flowers since red is the symbol of the revolution.
. Gifts are usually opened when received.

Dining Etiquette
. If invited to a dinner arrive no more than 15 minutes after the stipulated time.
. You may arrive between 30 minutes and one hour later than the stipulated time when
invited to a party or other large social gathering.
. Dress conservatively. There is little difference between business and social attire.
. Do not discuss business in social situations.
. If you did not bring a gift to the hostess, send flowers the next day.
. Table manners are formal.
. Remain standing until invited to sit down. You may be shown to a particular seat.
. Table manners are Continental -- the fork is held in the left hand and the knife in the right
while eating.

Tourist services

The entrance to Portugal is a bit gloomy halls with poor lighting and long queues for
passport control (on the way back everything was very modern and nice).
The country is full with beautiful sights seashores, mountains, rocks, beautiful cities and
villages, palaces, forts, castles, cathedrals and much more.
Tourist hospitality

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- It seems that the Portuguese people are aware of the importance of treating the tourists
well. People were very nice and polite. In most places,

toilets are free of charge

(something that became rare all over Europe).

Tourism sights were well organized and preserved, staff at the various places was polite
and efficient.
Food
- prices at restaurants were reasonable and the food was good and tasty. local dishes
sardine, Portuguese steak and more are good and tasty. The local beer and wine were
very good and coffee was excellent.
Shopping
there is a huge selection of shoes and clothes with reasonable prices, there were many
sales in the shops.
Transportation
roads and bridges were in excellent condition, direction signs are all over clear and
efficient.
Guide
The tour guide was Mr. Guiora Barak . Mr. Barak investigated the history of the Jews of
Portugal and wrote a book about Dona Garcia Nasi (google it!). Organized tour should be
considered.
-there is so much to see, with and organized tour you're more likely to get the most of
it. Bottom line
go to Portugal, you'll love it.

Tourist services
The fast development of Portugal's transportation infrastructure provides wideranging travel for domestic and overseas tourists. Throughout Portugal a great many

72

hotels and restaurants have been constructed, renovated or expanded to satisfy all levels
of requirement, and there are now 751 hotels with star ratings. All large or medium-sized
cities and scenic spots have hotels with complete facilities and services for both domestic
and international visitors.

19. Findings
Despite the expansion of the Portugal Sectar,Portugal attainment remains a
challenge. in Portugal has attained at least upper secondary Tourism in 2016.
In 2010, Portugal spent 5.9% of its GDP on Portugal, up from 4.9% in 1995.

Tourism in Portugal have higher salaries than workers with a in other fields. But this
will probably change in 2016 as austerity measures, including salary cuts for public
Tourism personnel, take hold.

A Portuguese man with can expect a net gain of USD 373 851 over his working life
the largest economic benefit from attaining that level of Tourism among all OECD
countries

In the 2009 PISA, Portugal performs below the OECD average Torism.

Portugal spent 5.9% of its annual income on compared to the OECD average of
6.2%.

In 2008, 22% of Portuguese citizens participated in continuing non-formal Tourism

compared to the OECD average of 34%

In 2007, 64% of people aged 25-64 with a tertiary-level Tourism participated in

formal and/or non-formal Trawell, compared with 16% for people in the same age
group with below.

In 2016, 88% of people aged between 25 and 54 were in the labour force, compared
to an OECD average of 81%.

The participation rate for the prime-age women (aged 25-54) was above the OECD
average at 84.5% in the 2016.

In 2016, 53.7% of people aged 55 to 64 were in compared to an OECD average of

57.8%.

The employment rate of Portugals youth in 2011 was 27%, compared.

In 2016, the unemployment rate of Portugals youth.

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(lower) qualification than the most common qualification of all other workers in the
same occupation.

Suggestions
A country can develop the relevant skills by encouraging and enabling people to
learn throughout life; fostering international mobility of skilled people to fill skills
gaps; and promoting cross-border skills policies.
A country can activate the supply of skills by encouraging people to offer their
Trawell Company market and retaining skilled people in the Peopel market.
A country can put skills to effective use by creating a better match between
peoples skills and the requirements of their job and increasing the demand for highlevel Trawelling Fectar.

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20. Conclusion
In conclusion, tourism bring about many positive impacts which benefits the country
by a large amount. Without tourism, many countries will still be underdeveloped whereby
many people suffer from unemployment and only engage in activities like agriculture.
However, tourism also brings about the issue of deterioration of culture whereby it is no
longer authentic anymore in some countries. Everything may be 'disneyfied' similar to
theme parks, altered to meet the needs of tourists. If nothing is done, the future of
authentic culture and traditions

may only be found

in books from the past.

This assignment has brought me into an in-depth study of Portugal and also allowed me to
link what I have read in books and Internet about Portugal to the lectures and tutorials
that were taught. Before I took this module, my mindset of tourism was to Disneyland, Bali
and places that allowed me to experience the sun-sand-sea. After learning more about the
culture of other countries, I began to become curious and want to visit these places
instead of the common scene that I always see like the beaches or theme parks. However,
I felt that even if I were to travel to places where many rituals or festivals are held, I may
start to question myself if it was really authentic or altered just for me, a tourist to see.

21. Bibliography

www.portugaltourism.pt
www.jarkhandtourism.in
www.SOTC.in
www.kouni.in

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