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Abstract
Saline "Bajo Sekulic" in Ulcinj is of the great importance for plant and animal world. Due to salt producing
as a prime activity, maybe the most crucial relationship is between humans and birds. Favorable geographical
position gives great opportunities for tourism development, as one of the most important economy branch in
Montenegro. Economical valorization of natural values with strategic plan for its maintenance is the biggest
challenge to face to.

Facilities would have to answer to all needs of all ages. So, the following types of tourism have chance to
be developed:

Children tourism
Youngsters tourism
Family tourism
Senior citizen tourism

Child tourism has educational character, and it is based on traveling in groups, and touristic offer for
children in Saline is various.
Activities of research centre would also include thematic educational workshops with goal based on
education and meet children with whole process in Saline, as well as salt properties and ways of possible
distribution of final product. There also would be capacity for reside during some educational events or festivities,
for foreign and local groups.
Youngster tourism needs sport and educational-entertainment facilities, with group traveling characteristic.
Natural space which would be chosen for camping are very interesting for young people because they want to be
in direct contact with beautiful landscapes and untouched nature. This space would be equipped with bicycle and
pedestrian paths, which would contribute to easier communication.
Figure 1

Senior citizen tourism is the most homogenous segment of touristic demand. Consumer possibilities
grows , and medical centers are interesting for this type of tourism, as well as many other activities which
contributes to physical and mental health.
Developing concept of Saline is based on satisfying guests needs.
Saline region is suitable for development following sorts of tourism:

medical tourism ( health tourism and wellness tourism)

educational tourism
ecological tourism

Geographical position of Saline indicates the possibilities for developing weekend and trip tourism. Vicinity
of attractive touristic destinations is one in a row of favorable facts. High level of health-recreation functionality
natural elements, ecological and surrounding remarks wider region of Saline are foundational values for faster
development of this type of tourism.

Medical tourism can contribute Salina to become all year long touristic destination. Low costs of health
treatments is advantage in comparison to west countries.
Educational tourism is a necessity because of various and specific plant and animal world, and its
importance to whole region.
Ecological tourism is sustainable type of tourism which has minimum impact on nature. According to
Eurobarometer from 2009, beautiful and preserved environment and nature is crucial factor to European tourists
while choosing destination top rest. Eco tourism grows three times faster than classic tourism, and it is expected
that its contribution on touristic market would be more than 20% in next 20 years in Europe.

Approach
Although, Saline has favorable geographical position, good for production of salt and for place where birds
rest, for various types of tourism and educational activities, infrastructure and road connectivity is not on satisfying
level. Of course, Saline has great natural and cultural values in its vicinity, and that is motivation and stimulus for
improvements in this very important segment for development of Saline.
First of all, there is road communication which need some improvements in sense of symbolism, and that
is new long bridge from which entire Saline would be visible. This solution , which would shorten existing
communication and provide ship enternig would be very attractive and symbol of architectural and engineering
modernism in Saline.

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Second type of communication is water traffic which could be improved by activating water access path,
with adaption of Port Milena and building of marine. In this sense, it should be supply continuity motion of water in
marine eater space. Good idea is connection between Bojana river and Port Milena water space, and then
water level would be higher.
.

Relation with key values

The main thing for successful development of Saline is preservation of existing natural values and
resources. The whole spatial concept is defined by this way of thinking, so new buildings and facilities are planned
to be alongside the Saline existing space, do not entering any important area.

Figure 3

Research centre
Salina in Ulcinj, considering richness of biodiversity and various life forms, is very suitable place to build
researching centre which would serve for permanent analysis of bird migration, their behavior, nesting and other
phenomena connected to whole biodiversity, including plant species.
What is important in architecture here, and what is tightly connected with symbolism of this type of
institution, is a choice of applicable materials, suitable for erecting and defining outside shape and look. This
leads us to think in ecological way, and chose materials which would link birds and people in the best way.
Undoubtedly, that is very popular material throughout the world , colored glass and facade, which is a
part of bird-friendly design. Glass can be invisible to both birds and humans. Most birds first encounter with
glass is fatal when they collide with it at full speed. Despite the enormity of the problem, however, currently
available solutions can reduce bird mortality while retaining the advantages that glass offers as a construction
material, without sacrificing architectural standards.

It is possible to design buildings that can reasonably be expected not to kill birds. Numerous examples exist, not
necessarily designed with birds in mind, but to be functional and attractive.
These buildings may have
windows, but use screens, latticework, grilles, and other devices outside the glass or integrated into the glass.
Designing a new structure to be bird friendly does not need to restrict the imagination or add to the cost of
construction. Architects around the globe have created fascinating and important structures that incorporate little
or no exposed glass. In some cases, inspiration has been born out of functional needs, such as shading in hot
climates, in others, aesthetics; being bird-friendly was usually accidental. Retrofitting existing buildings can often
be done by targeting problem areas, rather than entire buildings.
Constitutive part of research centre would be a complex system of look-out towers, which would be
equipped by modern gadgets for bird monitoring, without any negative impact on birds. Those would be very
interesting for tourists ( especially during summer) and local people.

Figure 4

Figure 2

The problem of bird collisions with glass is greatly exacerbated by artificial light. Light escaping from
building interiors or from exterior fixtures can attract birds, particularly during migration on foggy nights or when
the cloud base is low. Strong beams of light can cause birds to circle in confusion and collide with
structures, each other, or even the ground. Others may simply land in lighted areas and must then navigate an
urban environment rife with other dangers, including more glass.

Facades, netting, screens, grilles, shutters, exterior shades

There are many ways to combine the benefits of glass with bird-safe or bird-friendly design by
incorporating elements that preclude collisions without completely obscuring vision. Some architects have
designed decorative facades that wrap entire structures. Recessed windows can functionally reduce the amount
of visible glass and thus the threat to birds. Netting, screens, grilles, shutters and exterior shades
are more commonly used elements that can make glass safe for birds. They can be used in retrofits or be an
integral part of an original design, and can significantly reduce bird mortality.

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Window Films

Inside research centre would be set a place for watching birds, space for entertainment and discussions,
and of course educational department for birds and plants, which would have goal to educate student from
Montenegro about behavior and importance of birds in Ulcinj Saline.

Currently, most patterned window films are intended for use inside structures as design elements or for privacy,
but this is beginning to change. CollidEscape, a perforated window film similar to 3MTM ScotchcalTM Perforated
Window Graphic Film, but designed to last for 10 years or more on the exterior
surface of glass, is a well-known external solution.

Figure 7

Figure 5

Figure 8

Figure 6

Reducing exterior building and site lighting has proven effective at reducing mortality of night migrants. At
the same time, these measures reduce building energy costs and decrease air and light pollution. Efficient design
of lighting systems plus operational strategies to reduce light trespass
or spill light from buildings while maximizing useful light are both important strategies. In addition, an increasing
body of evidence shows that red lights and white light (which contains red wavelengths) particularly attract and
confuse birds, while green and blue light have far less impact.

It covers the entire surface of a window, appears opaque from the outside, but still permits a view out
from inside. Interior films, when applied correctly, have held up well in external applications, but this solution has
not yet been tested over decades. A film with a pattern of narrow, horizontal stripes was applied to a building, in
Markham, Ontario and successfully eliminated collisions.

Beacon Effect and Urban Glow

Light at night, especially during bad weather, creates conditions that are particularly hazardous for nightmigrating birds. Typically flying at altitudes over 500 feet, migrants often descend to lower altitudes during
inclement weather, where they may encounter artificial light from buildings. Water vapor in very humid air, fog, or
mist refracts light, forming an illuminated halo around light sources.

Biodiversity
About 114 plant species have been described so far. Besides wide range of halophyte, there are great
fields of reed Phragmites. Characteristic specie is orchid, during spring (Ophrys bertolonii i Orchis laxiflora).

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With increase of salinity ( over 100), there are few species, the characteristic one is Aphanius fasciatus.

Figure 12

Figure 9

Depends on salinity of water in particular ponds, it have been registered about 23 fish species so far. In
those ponds where salinity is equal to sea water ( majority of ponds ) have been registered important species for
local economy (Mugilidae: Liza ramada, Liza saliens, Liza aurata, Chelon labrosus, Mugil cephalus; Anguillidae:
Anguilla anguilla; Moronidae: Dicentrarchus labrax), te Atherinidae i Cyprinodontidae).

Fish
There are various fish species living in Ulcinj Salina. From the economic aspect, in ponds fulfilled with water which
salinity is equal to sea water, dominant species are :Liza ramada, Liza saliens, Liza
aurata, Chelon labrosus, Mugil cephalus).

Medical centre
Ulcinj Salina, as a natural environment gifted by great potential for salt production, deserves a modern and well
equipped medical centre which would offer treatments based on salty water and healing mud. With regards to
economical sustainability, this centre would have great attendance and financial success, because of the fact that
mentioned resources are naturally formed of Saline in Ulcinj.

Medical centre consists of:

Entrance hall and reception
accommodation capacity for patients
restaurant and space to rest
system of salt rooms with other facilities ( halotherapy)
ambulance for mud treatments
system of sat water pools and terms.

System of salt rooms

Halotherapy

Figure 10

Halotherapy, derived from the Greek halos, meaning "salt", is a form of alternative medicine which makes use of
salt. Numerous forms of halotherapy have been known of and used from millennia.
There are several forms of halotherapy:
1.Saline solution inhalations
2.Dry salt aerosol inhalations
3.Irrigation and lavage
4.Saline and brine baths
5.Taking the waters (crenotherapy)

Figure 11

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Respiratory system irrigation and lavage

The treatment removes all the debris and bacteria from inside the nose and sinuses. A warm isotonic
solution at a concentration of 0.9 per cent has no difficulty in softening and dislodging internal deposits and,
thanks to the force of gravity and the Venturi effect, a hypotension is generated, making it possible to cleanse
every recess thoroughly.
Saline and brine baths
In the main, it is saline waters and brines which are used in treatments involving bathing. However, briny
waters are used in the case of children, older people, convalescents and people who are generally unfit, as well
as at the start of a course of therapy. The upper limit for the waters used is around five to six per cent. As far as
the concentration of sodium chloride waters is concerned, one distinguishes between weak baths, with a
concentration of 0.5 to 1.5%, and strong, with water at above 1.5%.
Taking the waters (crenotherapy)
Figure 13

Saline solution inhalations

In wet inhalations, the aerosol takes the form of a mist; in other words, fine droplets which are generated
as the result of the nebulisation of fluids. Salt aerosol has no bactericidal properties, which is why it can only be
administered in inhalation with the use of nebulisors in the case of individual therapy, or in an open space in
coastal areas and in the vicinity of graduation towers. It is most often applied in the form of walks.
Dry salt aerosol inhalation
The aerosol is produced by means of a dry salt aerosol generator, which is known as a halogenerator.
Movement or breathing sessions are conducted during the inhalation treatment in order to help the aerosol make
its way successfully to the desired parts of the respiratory system. Some studies show that it is an effective natural
treatment for allergies, asthma, sinusitis and other respiratory condition.

Crenotherapy is treatment in the form of drinking therapeutic waters. In the case of crenotherapy based
on sodium chloride waters, a concentration of 0.3 to 1.5 per cent is used. The waters act on the body in different
ways, depending on the sodium chloride concentration.
The aim of crenotherapy is to induce local activity in the gastrointestinal or urinary tracts and general activity in the
form of delivering both the mineral content and the water itself to the body.
Balneotherapy
Balneotherapy (Latin: balneum "bath") is the treatment of disease by bathing, usually practiced at spas.
While it is considered distinct from hydrotherapy, there are some overlaps in practice and in underlying principles.
Balneotherapy may involve hot or coldwater, massage through moving water, relaxation, or stimulation. Many
mineral waters at spas are rich in particular minerals such assilica, sulfur, selenium, and radium. Medicinal
clays are also widely used, which practice is known as 'fangotherapy'.

Oral cavity
In diseases of the oral cavity, these treatments engender positive results, as do massages carried out with
the use of saline waters. Irrigation and lavage of the periodontium support the treatment of inflammatory
processes, work to alleviate swellings and bleeding, assist in the eradication of pathological secretions and reduce
the number of microorganisms.

Ambulance for mud treatment

Composition of mineral mud
Mineral mud

Figure 14

Gynaecological irrigation and lavage

Unique climate conditions and way of working of Ulcinj Saline have made great amount of high-quality
healing mud. Concentration of minerals increases from year to year. The process of forming Saline's mud last
about 80 years in permanent interaction water - dissolved salt - soil - bacteria - dead algae. Healing mud - peloid
has natural oligomineral structure which contains active substances and alive microorganism. Its usage is in
esthetics and medicine, as well as mask for skin or helping subject in curing skin and rheumatic illnesses.
Analysis of peloid samples from Ulcinj Salin has shown that, although mineral mud derived from Dead Sea is used
throughout the world for masks and other preparations for body, Saline's mud, peloid, is at the same level of
quality. Due to various minerals and antimicrobical action, the mud can be used in regenerating and revitalizing of
skin.

In the case of gynaecological diseases, saline irrigation and lavage procedures are most frequently used
in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. For vaginal irrigation and lavage, saline water at a
o
concentration of between three and four per cent and a temperature of 37 C is administered.

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Figure 15

Figure 16

Besides medical centre, there would be extracting mud factory, where the mud would be processed and packed
in small packing, and thus distributing to individual customers in Montenegro. Also, it would find place on
European market, thus being fully valorized. It would be a real brand in region due to it quality, and great
advertisement in for Ulcinj Salina.

Salt production
Salt is the common name for the substance sodium chloride (NaCI). salt is most familiar as a food
supplement. About 70% is used in the chemical industry, mostly as a source of chlorine.
Salt is also used for countless other purposes, such as removing snow and ice from roads, softening
water, preserving food, and stabilizing soils for construction.
Specifications for salt vary widely according to the intended use. Salt intended for human consumption
must be much purer than salt used for melting snow and ice, but salt used for certain scientific purposes may
need to be even purer. Ulcinj Salina has capacity to produce very different type of salt for almost every
noted usage as well as to offer it on global market.
Salt production is the key process for stability of solution for revitalizing Ulcinj Salina. This process
gives it sense, as well as usage of vast capacity of space, so it is very important to consider that part of general
question. Revitalizing the process of salt production, existing buildings would be again available for using. As
a result, many people would be employed. Thus, Salina would be returned on a path of minimum economic
sustainability( but enough for the beginning ). Following this path, Saline would be improved in every segment ,
production and marketing, investing in modern technology systems.

All existing salt ponds would be available for usage, because it is necessary to obtain quality and quantity
in producing. For quality which would be recognized in Europe, it is inevitable to invest in modern technology for
extracting salt from sea water, in general. Namely, first step in this modernization would be introducing high
capacity pumps for conduct sea water in salt ponds, while the second step would be a plan of sustaining
production during the whole year, including winter.
Regarding plan for salt work development during the whole year, the problem is how to warm water in
evaporation ponds in period of winter. Because of that, recommendation is modern water warming system to
be installed, shaped as reinforcement mesh near the bottom of the evaporation pond, adjusting the temperature of
o
sea water in evaporation pond to the level of 21-23 C.
The previous production process should be modified by blocking the permeation of sea water into the soil
in crystallization pond with placing a black HDPE tarpaulin. In addition, filtration of suspended solid using multimedia filter should be installed before the crystallization pond. The research has shown that this modification
increased the quantity of salt product from 1kg to 1.67 kg per year. The purity of salt product (as NaCl) would be
increased from 90% to 98.4%.

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Marine
Openness of Ulcinj Saline in sense of communication is various, and one of them is, besides improved
road, new water communication, built on the existing drainage canal.
Porto Milena would be luxurious marine with modern docks in one part, while in another part would be
space for anchoring. Luxurious part would include rest capacities which buildings would symbolizes sea waves by
its contour shape, and ecological side of the whole project by its roof covered with grass, with automatic watering
system. These buildings would be recognizable for foreign visitors, and its conceptual shape is given in following
figure:

Figure 17

Solar panels
Energy supplying problem in this whole process, as well as sustaining functionality of service buildings,
would be overcome by installing of modern renewable energy systems. The best solution would be solar panels
to be set on places exposed to solar beams, in general. Having in mind that Ulcinj has the longest insolation
period in Montenegro, this would satisfy economical and energetic criteria. Entire energetic efficiency would be
obtained setting those panels in designed disposition.
Figure 19

Openness of Ulcinj Saline in sense of communication is various, and one of them is, besides improved
road, new water communication, built on the existing drainage canal.
Also, there will be part of a full-service community of luxury apartments, shops, restaurants and other
sports and entertainment amenities.
Each residential building complex contains shops and restaurants on its ground floor. These businesses
include fashion boutiques, waterfront cafs, bars and restaurants. The Porto Milena would have a fully equipped
fitness centre, squash court, outdoor tennis courts, bowling, billiards, yoga, and table tennis.
Figure 18

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Pavilion - explanation of the concept

Pavilion concept and symbolism

Figure 20

When one enters outer doors of Pavilion ( Montenegrin team room), the main figure standing in front of
the beholder is a composition at the right part, stretching from the entrance to the very bottom of the longitudinal
wall ( section A-A) . Composition consists of wooden thin columns at the raster of 0.8m, and small horizontal
beams, at vertical raster of 20 cm. Those elements are organized in that way forming an arc which symbolizes
neck and head of flamingo, the most attractive bird represent of Salina visitors. This live arc jumps over the
space where is planned to be put two ducks surrounded by grass, reed, branches, food, etc., but also they could
go outside among Pavilion visitors. Ducks would contribute that visitors in Montenegrin room have a realistic
experience and great time with the most important residents in Ulcinj Saline. Birds would be presented in the room
as advice to save their natural environment, forcing visitors to understand importance of beautiful fauna and
make friendship with them. The whole room is one lookout tower room from where, through the wooden mesh,
can be seen Salina landscape ( depicted as a poster put on a wall giving the impression of space depth ). In front
of wooden mesh, there is a bench for visitor resting and watching room interior.
Shape of the arc is also a symbol of human's jump over the nature, but without disturbing or
jeopardizing any of its segments, while getting back Salina's functionality and giving it modern look, new life
with great attendance of tourists. This composition directly reports from the front about what is idea of authors. In
other word, in which way Solana would become alive.

Section B-B
On the left side of room, there is a composition which consists of metal wires, fixed in wooden column,
supporting wooden boxes ( dimensions 50x50x25cm).These elements form a specific shape having numerous
symbolism.

Bird symbol
Wooden boxes disposition resembles shape of bird body, while colored nylon elements fixed on wires
symbolizes gorgeous bird wings at the moment of landing.

Freedom tending symbol

The wooden boxes composition represents substance in motion, as its oblique shape indicates, fulfilled of
dynamic, fight and tremble. The substance is enslaved by bonds (wires) tending to break it and reach freedom.

Saline symbolism
Disposition of nylon elements is very similar to disposition of evaporation ponds of Saline in which are
situated last stages of salt production process. Thus, a visitor has impression of alive space and salt production
process. Additionally, Saline ponds are depicted on the bird's wing which indicates on mutualism between Saline
functionality, flora and fauna.

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Energetic sustainability symbolism

Because of bifurcation of wires from almost one point on the top of the wall, it resembles sun beams
which enlighten substance in motion symbolizing life. Life is , in this case: A bird, a human being, Saline's "life"
and nature in general. This symbolism is connected to solar panels, which are the future of producing energy .
In both these composition wood is used as natural material and that justifies correlation between human
and nature, and their inevitable mutualism.
Note: Hosts in the pavilion ( members of our team) will wear hats shaped as bird nest, which will be formal
and recognizable accessories for the event.

General element disposition in room

Regarding the room in floor plan, moving clockwise ( as time pass by), element arrangement tells a story
about a bird which, at the beginning, tend to freedom, fighting with chain. A watch on the next wall "in a row",
follows the bird's most important fight. There is a poem below the watch, which sing about priceless value of
freedom, in general. Following the "flow of time", broken wooden mesh ( big hole in wooden mesh) can be seen
which means that the bird is finally free. The watch on the wall notices that is the time for free ideas and right idea
to revive Saline.

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Poetry background
Freedom
"Open your mind breaking the wall,
let them be heroes with beautiful wings,
hey, think of it! Their flight isn't your fall
but priceless poem played by strings.
Being aware is human's advantage,
this land is your one and only home,
look at the sky and burn in your courage
while trying to reach the freedom."

by members of team "tototeam123"

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1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

ELEMENTS
Wooden elements
column (mean dimension) 260x10x3 cm
beams (mean dimension) 120x12x2 cm
Bench plank 520x30x3 cm
Bench trestle 5x30x5 cm
Rectangular box - size: 50x50x25x1 cm

2 Metal elements
2.1 Wires Lm = 287 cm
2.2 Nails Lm = 4 cm
3 Other elements
3.1 Nylon
3.2 Clock

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Total cost of used elements

Units of measurement
Quantity Cost per unit (euro/unit)
m
m
m
m
m

m
kg

m2
com

12.8
12
5.2
3
16

4
3
9
5
5
Wooden elements

Sum
51.2
36.0
46.8
15.0
80.0
229.0

Metal elements

25.83
1.3 2.60
28.43

Other elements

4 16.00
10 10.00
26.00

8.61
2

4
1

Total
283.43
Total ( modified with coef. of eventual
deviation 1.2)
340.12

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Graphics content
Fundamental idea of Saline revival concept is presented through maps on next several pages. The main concept point is based on strong relationship among four
elements: Saline as salt factory - new complex constructing - existing buildings renewal - recreation facilities.
Particular elements disposition is defined by approximation of uniform Saline development.

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