VOCABULARY 2nd SEMESTER

1. Disease: A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that
produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a
direct result of physical injury.
2. Challenge: A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a duel.
3. Illness: A disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind.
4. Social media: Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or
to participate in social networking.
5. Fashion: Social standing or prominence especially as signalized by dress or conduct
6. Hot topic: Popular talking, the talk of the town.
7. Symptom: Pathology. a phenomenon that arises from and accompanies a particular
disease or disorder and serves as an indication of it.
8. Drought: Extended period when a region receives a deficiency in its water supply, whether
atmospheric, surface or groundwater.
9. Crutches: a staff or support to assist a lame or infirm person in walking, usually with a
crosspiece at one end to fit under the armpit.
10. Tremors: involuntary shaking of the body or limbs, as from disease, fear, weakness, or
excitement.
11. Wheelchair: a chair mounted on wheels for use by persons who cannot walk.
12. Crisis: 1. a. A crucial or decisive point or situation; a turning point. b. An unstable condition,
as in political, social, or economic affairs, involving an impending abrupt or decisive
change.
13. 2. A sudden change in the course of a disease or fever, toward either improvement or
deterioration.
14. 3. An emotionally stressful event or traumatic change in a persons life.
15. 4. A point in a story or drama when a conflict reaches its highest tension and must be
resolved.
16. Trade: An exchange of one thing for another. Transaction.
17. Oligarchy: Government by a few, especially by a small faction of persons or families.
18. Embezzle: to convert (money or property entrusted to one) fraudulently to one's own use.
19. Demonstration: A public display of group opinion, as by a rally or march.
20. Sanctions: an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in
order to make it obey international law.
21. Sovereignty: the power of a country to control its own government.
22. Summit: the highest point.
23. To condemn: to criticize as morally wrong or evil.
24. To warn: to tell a person in advance about a danger.
25. Weapon: any instrument or means which is used for ones own defence/defense or for
attacking others.
26. Opposition: a person or group of people opposing, criticizing, or protesting something,
someone, or another group.

27. Interior Minister: is a government ministry typically responsible for policing, emergency
management, national security, supervision of local governments, conduct of elections,
public administration and immigration matters.
28. Sniper: A skilled military shooter detailed to spot and pick off enemy soldiers from a
concealed place.
29. Presidential election: the selection by vote of a person or persons from among candidates
for a position for president.
30. Regime: a system of government or a particular administration.
31. Environment: The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or
operates
32. Earthquake: Vibrations of the ground which it's produce for the energy liberation
accumulate in the stones which be found subjected to stresses.
33. Epicenter: Place into the Lithospheric plate where the Earthquake is produced.
34. Void: A fracture in the ground
35. Seismic Waves: Vibrations of the ground, which are produced by an Earthquake.
36. Wave: A huge mass of water produced by the vibrations of the ground.
37. Hurricanes: Tropical cyclone, which moves horizontally and is always accompanied by
rain, thunders
38. Volcano Eruption: A sudden outbreak of lava and gases from the interior of mountain
39. Tsunami: A long, high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other disturbance
40. Cyclone: A system of winds rotating inwards to an area of low barometric pressure, with an
anticlockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a
depression.
41. Moisture: Presence of water or other component in a body or in the environment.
42. Natural Hazards: A group of risks which are produced by the environment.
43. Armistice: an agreement between countries who are at war with one another to stop
fighting and to discuss ways of making peace.
44. Finally, the Bolsheviks signed an armistice with Germany.
45. Threat: statement by someone that they will do something unpleasant, especially if you do
not do what they want.
46. He may be forced to carry out his threat to resign.

47. Ominous: if you describe something as ominous, you mean that it worries you because it
makes you think that something unpleasant is going to happen
48. There was an ominous silence at the other end of the phone.
49. Escalation: if a bad situation escalates or if someone or something escalates it, it becomes
greater in size, seriousness or intensity.
50. The protests escalated into five days of rioting.
51. Empire: a government under an emperor or empress
52. Kingdom: a state or government having a king or queen as its head.
53. Worship: reverent honor and homage paid to God or a sacred personage, or to any object
regarded as sacred.
54. Warfare: the process of military struggle between two nations or groups of nations; war.

55. Boundaries: something that indicates bounds or limits; a limiting or bounding line.
56. Party: a political group seeking political power for directing government policy.
57. Outbreak: a sudden, violent, or spontaneous occurrence, esp of disease or strife
58. Virus: Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that
often cause disease
59. Body fluids: are liquids originating from inside the bodies of living people.
60. Fever: A fever is a temporary increase in your body temperature.
61. Incubation period: is the time when symptoms and signs are first apparent. Protective
equipment: refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment
designed to protect the wearer's body from injury. Protective equipment may be worn for
job-related occupational safety and health purposes, as well as for sports and other
recreational activities.
62. Biosecurity: a set of preventive measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of
infectious diseases
63. Transmission: the process of passing something from one person or place to another:
64. To kidnap: to carry off and hold a person, usually for ransom.
65. Criminal: a person who is convicted of, or who commits, a crime.
66. Leader: The person who chooses victims and investigate them.
67. Financial: the person who provides the financial support for the kidnapping
68. The real kidnappers: People who find, catch and carry the kidnapped.
69. Observers: Persons attending (or abuse) the kidnapped
70. "Negotiator or representative of the group": The person who has direct contact with the
family of the person in captivity. Negotiate the ransom price, the terms of their liberation and
get money from the family.
71. Ransom: the release of a prisoner, kidnapped person, etc., for a demanded price.
72. Mind: the part in a conscious being that reasons, thinks, feels, wills, perceives, judges, etc.
73. Gangs: a group of people who associate together or act as an organized body, esp for
criminal or illegal purposes, like kidnap.
74. Suspect: a person who is suspected, especially one suspected of a crime, offense, or the
like.
75. Sniff: to smell by short inhalations.
76. Napkin: a small piece of cloth or paper, usually square, for use in wiping the lips and
fingers and to protect the clothes while eating.
77. To release: to free (a person, animal, etc) from captivity or imprisonment.
78. Perpetrators: to perform or be responsible for (a deception, crime, etc)
79. Hostage: a person given to or held by a person, organization, etc, as a security or pledge
or for ransom, release, exchange for prisoners, etc.
80. Ransom demand: the release of captured prisoners, property, etc, on payment of a
stipulated price
81. Machism: A strong or exaggerated sense of masculinity stressing attributes such as
physical courage, virility, domination of women, and aggressiveness.
82. Feminism: Belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes.
83. Role: The characteristic and expected social behavior of an individual.
84. Inequality: The condition of being unequal.

85. Equality: The state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value,
rank, or ability.
86. Sexism: is the inequality of genders.
87. Victim: One who is harmed or killed by another
88. Male: Characteristic of or appropriate to this sex; masculine.
89. Female: Characteristic of or appropriate to this sex; feminine.
90. Slut: Is a term applied to an individual who is considered to have loose sexual morals or
who is sexually promiscuous.
91. Discrimination: Is the prejudicial and/or distinguishing treatment of an individual based on
their actual or perceived membership in a certain group or category, "in a way that is worse
than the way people are usually treated
92. Rape: The unlawful compelling of a person through physical force or duress to have sexual
intercourse.
93. Blame: To hold responsible; find fault with; censure
94. Crime: An action or an instance of negligence that is deemed injurious to the public welfare
or morals or to the interests of the state and that is legally prohibited.
95. Right: A just claim or title, whether legal, prescriptive, or moral
96. Influence: the capacity or power of persons or things to be a compelling force on or
produce effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of others
97. Shame: The painful feeling arising from the consciousness of something dishonorable,
improper, ridiculous, etc., done by oneself or another
98. Emergency Room (E.R.): A hospital area equipped and staffed for the prompt treatment of
acute illness, trauma, or other medical emergencies.
99. Transgress: To violate a law, command, moral code, etc.; offend
100.
Sign: To write your name in a paper or document.
101.
Speech: an oral exposition about a determinate topic.
102.
Banner: a piece of paper or cardboard where you write messages to show to the
people.
103.
Catwalk: stage where models or artist parade.
104.
Victim blaming: Trying to make the victim of an incident the guilty one. For
example, when a girl is rapped, trying to blame her because of the clothes she was wearing
and telling her that she is the guilty.
105.
Slut-shaming: A form of victim blaming. Trying to make someone embarrassed or
bad about their sexual life, commonly used by boys when their call girls sluts just for doing
what they want.
106.
Throw out- to discard or reject/ rechazar
107.
Pull out- to extract: The lead actor had to pull out of the performance due to illness./
sacar
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.

Turn up- to arrive or appear: Lucas turn up to lesson late, as usual./aparecer

Call off- to cancel or abandon: the game was called off because of rain./ cancelar
Throw a game: Perder un partido a propssito./ lose a game by the way
Be stripped of: quitarle algo a alguien, retirar
The tip of the iceberg: la punta del iceberg
Disgrace: the loss of respect or honor. humiliation

114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.

Deception: the act of deceiving or the state of being deceived. trickery

Anticipate: to realize or feel beforehand. expect
Bad luck: not good; of poor quality; inadequate; inferior
Disappointment: the act of disappointing or the state of being disappointed
Bring forward: to present or introduce (a subject) for discussion
Strenuous: Vigorous, energetic, or zealously active:
a strenuous person; a strenuous intellect.
Push yourself: Be constant ` to get something
Overdo it: to do, say (something) in an exaggerated way etc
Arent into: Dont be interested in something
Stay in shape: Be fit
Sedentary lifestyle: Don't have a exercise lifestyle
Junk food: Fast food
Balance diet: Diet that has all the necessary nutrients
Skip: Take out something.
Crash diets: Diets that lose weight very fast
Body Mass Index (BMI): Ideal weight of a person based on their size and weight
Set goals: Achieve objectives
Work out: Do exercise
Cut out: Skip something: in my new diet I must cut chocolate out
Get round out: Make time to do something
Put on: Get weight
Stick to: Keep fit
Drugs: a chemical substance, esp a narcotic, taken for the pleasant effects it

produces.
138.
Risk: the possibility of incurring misfortune or loss; hazard.
139.
Pressure: the action of force upon a surface by an object, fluid, etc.
140.
Grant: to consent to perform or fulfill: to grant a wish.
141.
Medicine: the art or science of preserving health and treating disease.
142.
Nutrients: any of the mineral substances that are absorbed by the roots of plants for
nourishment.
143.
Strenuous: characterized by or requiring strong, vigorous activity.
144.
Obesity: excessively fat or fleshy; corpulent.
145.
Diabetes: a disorder in which there are high levels of glucose in the blood and
increased urine production.
146.
Crips: a very thin slice of potato fried and eaten cold as a snack.
147.
Lunch: a light midday meal between breakfast and dinner.
148.
Revise: To correct, to change something. Revisar
149.
Cram: To study a lot in a short period of time. Empollar
150.
Hand in: To give to your teacher some assignments. Entregar
151.
Assignments: Tasks. Deberes
152.
Strong points: Some facts in which someone or something is good. Puntos fuertes
153.
Skip: To miss a lesson without permission. Saltarse clases
154.
Playing Truant: To stay away from a place without permission. Hacer pirola
155.
Mess around: To disturb, to harass. Molestar
156.
Bother: To disturb. Molestar
157.
Disruptive: Causing disorder. Que molesta
158.
Get stuck: To be unable to do something or to move. Atascarse
159.
Scrape through: Pass an exam with a very low mark. Aprobar por los pelos.
160.
Pass with flying colors: Get a very good mark. Aprobar con muy buena nota
161.
Applicant: a person who applies for something.
162.
To act out: To represent / representar.
163.
To drop out: withdraw from something /abandonar.
164.
To put on: to organize an event.
165.
To get on: be friends, to perform / llevarse bien.
166.
To liven up: to make more exciting /animar, avivar

167.

Pupil: a person, usually young, who is learning from or being taught by a teacher at

school or a private tutor.

168.
To allow: to permit.
169.
Behavior: The way that someone behaves (comportamiento)
170.
Budget: the amount of money available (presupuesto)
171.
Rowdy: Noisy and causing trouble (ruidoso)
172.
Have a say in: Give an opinion about (dar tu opinin)
173.
In charge of: Responsible for (something) (ser responsable de algo)
174.
Portrayed: shown or described (often inaccurately) (retrato)
175.
Clerk: A person who makes documents in a office. (secretario)
176.
A point: an idea, an intention (una idea)
177.
Ordinary: regular, normal (normal)
178.
Subject: Topic (asignatura)
179.
To prove: to show, to expose (demostrar)
180.
Relative: a blood relation (pariente)
181.
Vulgar, Rude: not polite (ordinario, grosero)
182.
Challenge: rival (Contrincante)
183.
Set up: to make, to put together, to prepare (preparar)
184.
Standards: a moral rule that should be obeyed (normas)
185.
Boarding: Long, flat, thin pieces of wood used to build or cover something.
186.
Campus: The grounds and buildings of a university or college.
187.
Deadline: The latest time or date by which something should be completed
188.
Degree: An academic rank conferred by a college or university after examination or
after completion of a course, or conferred as an honour on a distinguished person
189.
Fees: A payment made to a professional person or to a professional or public body
in exchange for advice or services
190.
Pupil: A person who is taught by another, especially a schoolchild or student in
relation to a teacher.
191.
Seminar: A conference or other meeting for discussion or training.
192.
Subject: A branch of knowledge studied or taught in a school , college or university.
193.
To apply for: Put oneself forward formally as a candidate for a job or other thing.
194.
To bully: Use superior strength or influence to intimidate (someone), typically to
force them to do something.
195.
To expel: Officially make (someone) leave a school or other organization.
196.
To retake: Take again.
197.
Undergraduate: A university student who has not yet taken a first degree
198.
Strenuous: Vigorous, energetic, or zealously active:
199.
a strenuous person; a strenuous intellect.
200.
Push yourself: Be constant ` to get something
201.
Overdo it: to do, say (something) in an exaggerated way etc
202.
Arent into: Dont be interested in something
203.
Stay in shape: Be fit
204.
Sedentary lifestyle: Don't have a exercise lifestyle
205.
Junk food: Fast food
206.
Balance diet: Diet that has all the necessary nutrients
207.
Skip: Take out something.
208.
Crash diets: Diets that lose weight very fast
209.
Body Mass Index (BMI): Ideal weight of a person based on their size and weight
210.
Set goals: Achieve objectives
211.
Work out: Do exercise
212.
Cut out: Skip something: in my new diet I must cut chocolate out
213.
Get round out: Make time to do something
214.
Put on: Get weight
215.
Stick to: Keep fit

216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.

Behavior: The way that someone behaves (comportamiento)

Budget: the amount of money available (presupuesto)
Rowdy: Noisy and causing trouble (ruidoso)
Have a say in: Give an opinion about (dar tu opinin)
In charge of: Responsible for (something) (ser responsable de algo)
Portrayed: shown or described (often inaccurately) (retrato)
Clerk: A person who looks after documents in a office. (secretario)
A point: an idea, an intention (una idea)
Parent: Mother or father (padres)
Ordinary: regular, normal (normal)
Subject: Topic (asignatura)
Prove: to show, to expose (demostrar)
Relative: a blood relation (pariente)
Vulgar, Rude: not polite (ordinario, grosero)
Challenge: rival (Contrincante)
Set up: to make, to put together, to prepare (preparar)
Standards: a moral rule that should be obeyed (normas)
Discussion essay: discussion in which you present two sides of an argument.
To Wear: to carry or have on the body or about the person as a covering,equipment,

ornament, or the like.

235.
Argument: a discussion involving differing points of view
236.
Uniforms: an identifying outfit or style of dress worn by the members of a
givenprofession, organization, or rank.
237.
Fashions: a prevailing custom or style of dress, etiquette, socializing, etc.
238.
To bully: to act the bully toward; intimidate; domineer.
239.
To summarize: to make a summary of; state or express in a concise form
240.
Summary: brief and comprehensive; concise.
241.
To support: to bear or hold up.
242.
Advantages: any state, circumstance, opportunity, or means specially favorable to
success, interest, or any desired end
243.
Disadvantages: the state or an instance of being in an unfavorable circumstance or
condition
244.
To Beat: defeat someone. (Ganar a alguien)
245.
To Win: win something. (Ganar algo)
246.
Height: top of something. (cumbre, altura)
247.
Sponsorship deals: Advertising that represents you. (patrocinio)
248.
To Get through: survive. (salir adelante, superar)
249.
Runner up: the second position in a competition. (Segundo)
250.
Qualify: meet requirements for, pass ( estar calificado para )
251.
To Compete: take part in a competition. ( competir)
252.
Championship: competition. (campeonato)
253.
Athlete: person who practices sport. (atleta)
254.
Disqualified: rule out of competition. (descalificado)
255.
To Ban: exclusion from a place. (expulsar)
256.
Doping offence: To return to be doped. (reincidencia en dopaje)
257.
Opponent: adversary (oponente)
258.
Foul: dirty action (de perros, gesto feo)
259.
To Disappoint: let something down. (decepcionar).
260.
To Defeat: lose in a competition. (derrotar, derrota)
261.
To Bribe: getting money to somebody for manipulate something. (sobornar)
262.
To Turn out: be present, attend something. (acudir, presentarse)
263.
To Acquit: pronounce not guilty ( exculpar)
264.
Outraged: angered, aggrieved (enfadado, disgustado)
265.
To Trown out: rejected (rechazado)
266.
To Turn up: arrive, be present (aparecer, presentarse)

267.
268.
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
277.
278.
279.
280.
281.
282.
283.
284.
285.

Pull out: withdraw. (retirarse)

Withdraw: to pull back. ( retirarse)
Sweat: perspire (sudar)
Cheat: not to play fair. (hacer trampas)
Keen: enthusiastic, eager. (entusiasmado, tener muchas ganas de)
HIS HEART SANK:
SET HIS HEART ON:
IT WENT RIGHT OVER MY HEAD:
DO THEM STANDING ON HIS HEAD:
HER HEART WASNT IN IT:
Although / Eventhough: Aunque (+ full sentence)
-Ex:Although the food is good, its very expensive.
Though: Sin embargo
-Ex: The food is good. It is expensive, though.
In spite of / Despite: A pesar de (+noun/ing)
-Ex:Despite (in spite of) being ill, im going to school.
Nevertheless / However: Sin embargo (+full sentence)
-Ex: Jane works everyday, Tom however, does little exercis