ASSIGNMENT CMT651

COMPARISON BETWEEN VARIABLE CONTROL CHART AND

ATTRIBUTE CONTROL CHART

PREPARED BY

: KHAIRUN NIESA BINTI ABDULLAH 2013633154

AS2456M

PREPARED FOR

: ASSOCIATED PROF DR HJ ZAINI HJ HAMZAH

SUBMISSION DATE: 25TH May 2016

Variable Control Chart

Variable Control Chart are used when the quality characteristics can be measured and
expressed in numbers (time, money, length, width, depth, weight, etc.). When looking at
data, variable measurements often have one or more decimal places (e.g., 74.05).
The most common type of variable control charts are X charts:

XmR - Individuals and Moving Range Control Chart (especially useful in service

industries)
X bar R - Average and Range Control Chart
X bar S - Average and Standard Deviation Control Chart
X Median R - Median and Range Control Chart
I-MR-R - Individuals, Moving Range (between) and Range (within) Control Chart

Less common types of variable control charts include:

ANOM - Analysis of Means Control Chart

Cusum - Cumulative Sum Control Chart
EWMA - Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart
Levey Jennings Control Chart
Moving Average Control Chart
Variable control charts can by constructed for individual observations taken from the
production line, rather than samples of observations. This is sometimes necessary
when testing samples of multiple observations would be too expensive, inconvenient,
or impossible. For example, the number of customer complaints or product returns
may only be available on a monthly basis; yet, you want to chart those numbers to
detect quality problems. Another common application of these charts occurs in cases
when automated testing devices inspect every single unit that is produced. In that
case, you are often primarily interested in detecting small shifts in the product quality
(for example, gradual deterioration of quality due to machine wear). The CUSUM,
MA, and EWMA charts of cumulative sums and weighted averages discussed below
may be most applicable in those situations.
Attribute Control Chart
Attribute Control Chart are used for product characteristics that can be evaluated
with a discrete response (pass/fail, yes/no, good/bad, number defective). Attribute type
control charts use counted data (number of defects, mistakes, errors, injuries, etc.)
When looking at your data, attribute data is always an integer (e.g., 1, 3, 5).

Common attribute type control charts include:

c Control Chart
np Control Chart
p Control Chart (fraction defective) and q control chart
u Control Chart (number defective)

Other attribute control charts include:

g chart for infrequent events
t chart template- Time Between control chart

For attribute control charts (C, U, Np, or P charts), the estimate of the variability of the
process (proportion, rate, etc.) is a function of the process average (average proportion, rate,
etc.; for example, the standard deviation of a proportion p is equal to the square root of p*(1p)/n). Hence, only standardized short run charts are available for attributes. For example, in
the short run P chart, the plot points are computed by first subtracting from the respective
sample p values the average part p's, and then dividing by the standard deviation of the
average p's.

Variable Control Chart Vs Attribute Control Chart

Advantages

Variable
More sensitive than attribute control charts

Attribute
Allowing for quick summaries of various
aspects of the quality of a product

Variable control charts may alert us to quality

problems before any actual "unacceptables"
(as detected by the attribute chart) will occur
No information lost compared to attribute
control chart

Bypass the need for expensive, precise

devices and time-consuming measurement
procedures
More easily understood by managers
unfamiliar with quality control procedures
Can plot multiple characteristics on one chart

Limitations

Variable
Impractical and uneconomical

Attribute
Loss of information compared to Varible
control charts

Must be able to measure the quality

characteristics in number

REFERENCES

[1]Statistics Textbook. (n.d.). Retrieved May 24, 2016, from

https://documents.software.dell.com/statistics/textbook/quality-control-charts
[2] Variable vs. Attribute. (n.d.). Retrieved May 24, 2016, from
http://www.shsu.edu/mgt_ves/mgt481/lesson6/sld003.htm
[3] (n.d.). Retrieved May 24, 2016, from https://www.qimacros.com/control-chart/controlchart-types/