Exercise

E1. Find the dominant frequency of the signal

Fourier transform (FFT) was performed on the given data testdata.csv file by
executing the command
FFT32.exe testdata.csv 0.184167 n 2048

Consequently, file fft_testdata.csv got created which basically tells us the

contribution of the different frequency wavelets in the original data. The same
can be represented by the plot of the power spectrum (()2 + ()2 ) as
shown

Power Spectrum
0.00025
0.0002
0.00015
0.0001
0.00005

0
0.14317
0.28634
0.42951
0.57268
0.71585
0.85902
1.00219
1.14536
1.28853
1.4317
1.57487
1.71804
1.86121
2.00438
2.14755
2.29072
2.43389
2.57706
2.72023
2.8634
3.00657
3.14974
3.29291
3.43608
3.57925
3.72242
3.86559
4.00876
4.15193
4.2951
4.43827
4.58144
4.72461
4.86778
5.01095
5.15412
5.29729

The dominant frequencies for which the peaks occur in the power spectrum
are reported as below.
Frequency

S(w)

0.392392

0.000194866

5.037463

0.000194866

0.395043

0.00019288

5.034811

0.00019288

5.40666E-05

0.389741

5.30227E-05

5.040114

5.30227E-05

0.787435

3.62906E-05

4.642419

3.62906E-05

0.387089

1.93668E-05

5.042765

1.93668E-05

0.384438

1.17766E-05

5.045416

1.17766E-05

E2. Perform low-pass filtering on the signal to remove noise

In absence of the information about the phenomenon from which the data has been
generated it is very difficult to distinguish between the frequencies which relate to
the process and the frequencies which can be regarded as noise. But for the sake of
performing the filtering operation in the present example, the dominant frequencies
for which the value of power spectrum is significant have been regarded as relating
to the measured phenomenon and other frequencies for which the power spectrum
is significantly low has been assumed to be noise. Accordingly, filtering has been
performed keeping only 13 most dominating frequencies and removing the other
wavelets as noise.

Inverse Fourier transform was performed after removing all the noise frequency from
fft_testdata.csv file by executing the command
FFT32.exe fft_testdata.csv 0.184167 i 1 n 2048

Consequently, file fft_fft_testdata.csv got created which basically gives us the

filtered data after removing the noise.

E3. Show the noise as residual

Inverse Fourier transform was performed after removing all the 13 dominating
frequencies from fft_testdata_noise.csv file by executing the command
FFT32.exe fft_testdata_noise.csv 0.184167 i 1 n 2048

Consequently, file fft_fft_testdata_noise.csv got created which basically gives

us the filtered data after removing the dominating frequencies. Plot of Raw
data, Filtered data and Noise is shown as follows.

Raw Data
0.15
0.1
0.05
0

-0.05
-0.1
-0.15

Filtered Data
0.15

0.05

-0.05

-0.15

Noise
0.15

0.05

-0.05

-0.15

E4. Summarize the results as the report

Plot of Raw data, Filtered data and Noise is shown in the previous figure. As
stated earlier also, in absence of the information about the actual
phenomenon from which the data has been generated, firm criterion for
filtering cannot be established. In general, noise can be attributed to very high
frequency signals in the data as well as can be assumed to be formed of the
frequencies corresponding to insignificant power spectrum. In the present
report the dominating frequencies have been assumed to be the significant
signals directly attributed to the measured phenomenon and all other signals
having insignificant power spectrum have been assumed as noise and filtering
has been performed accordingly.