SEISMIC ANALYSIS

UNIT WEIGHTS (according to IS: 875 Part I, Table 1)

Unit weight of brick masonry (Table 1, 36) = 19 KN/m 3 (excluding plaster)
= 20 KN/m 3 (including plaster)
3
Unit weight of RCC (Table 1, 22) = 25 KN/m
According to IS: 875 Part II, Table 1, 1
Unit weight for live load = 3 KN/m2
Unit weight for live load (at accessible roof) = 1.5 KN/m 2

CALCULATION OF LUMP LOADS

FIRST FLOOR
SLAB
Area from plan (Ar) = 315.1933 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.15 m
Load (Ls) = Ar *

* t = 1181.9748 KN

COLUMN
Area from plan (Ar) = 0.35*0.35=0.1225 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Height (h) = 2.3 m
No of full columns (n1) = 28
No of half columns (n2) = 0
Load (Lc) = Ar *

* (h/2* n1 + h/2*(n1+n2)) = 197.225 KN

MASONRY
Area from plan (Ar) = length*width of wall = 91.9812*0.23=21.1557m 2
Unit weight ( ) = 20 KN/m3 (including plaster)
Clear height (h) = 2.3 m
% opening = 40%
Load (Lm) = Ar *

* h/2*(1-% opening) = 710.0962 KN

BEAM
Area from plan (Ar) = length*width of beam = 199.0926m*0.3m = 59.7278 m 2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.4 m

Load (Lb) = Ar *

* t = 597.278 KN

FLOORING
Area from plan (Ar) = 273.488 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 1 KN/m2
Load (Lf) = Ar * = 273.488 KN

PARTITION
Area from plan (Ar) = 273.488 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 1 KN/m2
Load (Lp) = Ar * = 273.488 KN

LOAD FROM SHEAR WALL

Perimeter from plan (P) = 4.4+1.222 m
Unit weight ( c ) = 25 KN/m3
Height (H) = 2.85 m
Thickness (t) = 0.23 m
Load (Lsw) =

cptH = 92.1305 KN

Total Dead Load = Ls + Lc+ Lm+ Lb+ Lf + Lp + Lcl + Lsw = 3325.6805 KN

LIVE LOAD
Area from plan (Ar) = 298.3375 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 3 KN/m2
Load (Ll) = Ar * = 895.0137 KN

TOTAL LUMP LOAD (as per IS 1893:2002 table 8, clause: 7.3.1)

Total Lump Load = total dead load + 0.25* total live load
= 3325.6805 + 0.25*895.0137 = 3549.434 KN

Note: Second, Third and Fourth floor is similar to first floor.

Total Lump load for
Second Floor = 3789.363 KN
Third Floor = 3789.363 KN
Fourth Floor = 3789.363 KN

FIFTH FLOOR
SLAB
Area from plan (Ar) = 313.0733 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.15 m
Load (Ls) = Ar *

* t = 1174 KN

COLUMN
Area from plan (Ar) = 0.35*0.35=01225 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Clear Height Above (h1) = 2.3 m
Clear Height Below (h2) = 2.3 m
No of full columns (n1) = 17
No of half columns (n2) = 11
Load (Lc) = Ar * *(2*n1 + n2)*(h1/2 + h2 )= 158.484KN

MASONRY
Area from plan (Ar) = 41.19m2
Area for parapet walls (Arp) = 4.91 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 20 KN/m3 (including plaster)
Clear height (h) = 2.3 m
Height of parapet (hp)= 1 m
% opening = 40%
Load (Lm) = Ar *

* ( h/2*(1-% opening)+ Arp * *hp = (568.446 + 98.16) =

666.613 KN

BEAM
Area from plan (Ar) = length*width of beam = 199.0926m*0.3m = 59.7278 m 2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.4 m
Load (Lb) = Ar *

* t = 597.278 KN

FLOORING
Area from plan (Ar) = 143.3775m2
Unit weight for flooring (
Load (Lf) = Ar *

)= 1 KN/m2

f
)= 143.3775 KN

PARTITION
Area from plan (Ar) = 143.3775 m2
Unit weight

p = 1 KN/m2

Load (Lf) = Ar * = 143.3775 KN

LOAD FROM SHEAR WALL

Perimeter from plan (Ar) = (4.4 +1.222) m
Unit weight ( c ) = 25 KN/m3
Height (H) = 2.3
Thickness t (t) = 0.23
Load (Lf) =

cptH = 92.1305 KN

Total Dead Load = Ls + Lc+ Lm+ Lb+ Lf + Lp + Lcl + Lsw = 2975.2605 KN

LIVE LOAD
Area from plan (Ar) = 301.2179 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 3 KN/m2
Load (Ll) = Ar * = 903.6537 KN

TOTAL LUMP LOAD ( as per IS 1893:2002 table 8 , clause : 7.3.1)

Total Lump Load = total dead load + 0.25* total live load
= 2975.2605 + 0.25*903.6537 = 3201.174 KN

SIXTH FLOOR
SLAB
Area from plan (Ar) = 167.7232 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.15 m

Load (Ls) = Ar *

* t = 628.962 KN

COLUMN
Area from plan (Ar) = 0.35*0.35=0.1225 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Clear Height Above (h1) = 3.641 m
Clear Height Below (h2) = 2.3 m
No of columns above (n1) = 6
No of columns below (n2) = 17
Load (Lc) = Ar * *(2*n1 + n2)*(h1/2 + h2 )= 93.323 KN

MASONRY
Area from plan (Ar) = 21.697 m2
Area for parapet walls (Arp) = 4.866 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 20 KN/m3 (including plaster)
Clear height above (h) = 3.641 m
Clear height below (h) = 2.3 m
Height of parapet = 1 m
% opening = 40 %
Load (Lm) = Ar *

* h/2*(1-% opening)+ Arp *

*hp = (347.746 + 48.664)

m2 = 396.41 KN

BEAM
Area from plan (Ar) = length*width of beam= 111.8673m*0.3m= 33.5602m 2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Depth (t) = 0.4 m
Load (Lb) = Ar *

* t = 335.602 KN

FLOORING
Area from plan (Ar) = 35.6386 m2
Unit weight for flooring (
Load (Lf) = Ar *

)= 1 KN/m2

f
)= 35.6386 KN

PARTITION
Area from plan (Ar) = 35.6386 m2
Unit weight

p = 1 KN/m2

Load (Lf) = Ar * = 35.6386 KN

LOAD FROM SHEAR WALL

Perimeter from plan (Ar) = 4.4 m
Unit weight ( c ) = 25 KN/m3
Height above (H1) = 4.191 m
Height below (H2) = 2.85 m
Thickness (t) = 0.23 m
Load (Lsw) =

cpt(H 1+ H 2)/2 = 72.8424 KN

Shear wall from staircase side :

Perimeter from plan (Ar) = 1.222m
Unit weight ( c ) = 25 KN/m3
Height below (H2) = 2.85 m
Thickness (t) = 0.23 m
Load (Lsw) =

cpt( H 2)/2 = 10.013 KN

Total Load = 72.8424+10.013 =82.855

Total Dead Load = Ls + Lc+ Lm+ Lb+ Lf + Lp + Lcl + Lsw = 1608.439 KN

LIVE LOAD
Area from plan (Ar) = 161.7233 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 3 KN/m2
Load (Ll) = Ar * = 485.1699 KN

TOTAL LUMP LOAD (as per IS 1893:2002 table 8, clause: 7.3.1)

Total Lump Load = total dead load + 0.25* total live load
= 1608.439+ 0.25*485.1699 = 1729.732 KN

TOP LEVEL
SLAB
Area from plan (Ar) = 39.54 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Thickness (t) = 0.15 m
Load (Ls) = Ar *

* t = 148.275 KN

COLUMN
Area from plan (Ar) = 0.5*0.5=0.25 m2

Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3

Clear Height Below (h2) = 3.641 m
No of columns above (n1) = 0
No of columns below (n2) = 6
Load (Lc) = Ar * *(2*n1 + n2)*(h1/2 + h2 )= 68.2687 KN

MASONRY
Area from plan (Ar) = 6.006 m2
Unit weight ( ) = 20 KN/m3 (including plaster)
Clear height below (h) = 3.641 m
% opening = 40 %
Load (Lm) = Ar *

* h/2*(1-% opening)+ Arp * *hp = 319.828 KN

BEAM
Area from plan (Ar) = length*width of beam= 30.8864*0.3m= 9.266m 2
Unit weight ( ) = 25 KN/m3
Depth (t) = 0.4 m
Load (Lb) = Ar *

* t = 92.659 KN

LOAD FROM SHEAR WALL

Perimeter from plan (Ar) = 4.4m
Unit weight ( c ) = 25 KN/m3
Height below (H2) = 4.191 m
Thickness (t) = 0.23 m
Load (Lsw) =

cpt( H 2)/2 = 36.4212 KN

Total Dead Load = Ls + Lc+ Lm+ Lb+ Lf = 665.4541 KN

LIVE LOAD
Area from plan (Ar) = 19.7703m2
Unit weight ( ) = 3 KN/m2
Load (Ll) = Ar * = 59.3109 KN

TOTAL LUMP LOAD ( as per IS 1893:2002 table 8 , clause : 7.3.1)

Total Lump Load = total dead load + 0.25* total live load
= 665.4541 + 0.25*59.3109 = 680.2818 KN

W7

Top Level

W6

Sixth Floor

W5

Fifth Floor

W4

Fourth Floor

W3

Third Floor

W2

Second Floor

W1

First Floor
Ground
Level
Fig: Lump Sum Weights of Floor

Vb

LUMPED MASS OF THE SEISMIC STOREY

First to Fourth Floor(i=1,2,3,4)= 3789.363 KN
Fifth Floor(i=5)= 3346.864 KN
Sixth Floor
Top Level

(i=6)

(i=7)

= 1816.842 KN

= 680.282 KN

IS 1893(part I):2002
Clause 7.5.3

IS 1893(part I):2000
Clause 6.4.2
IS 1893:2000, Table
2, Considering
seismic zone V
IS 1893:2000, Table
6, Considering
Residential building
IS 1893:2000, Table
7, Special RC
moment resisting
frame

(IS 1893
(Part1):2002,
Clause 7.6)

1.

Total Weight of Seismic Storey,

W=W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 + W5 + W6
+W7 +W8
= 21001.440 KN

2.

Design of Seismic Base shear

The total design lateral force or design seismic
base shear (VB) along any principal direction
may be determined by following expression:
VB=Ah W
Where,
Ah=Design horizontal
acceleration spectrum value
W=Seismic weight of the building
The design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah for
a structure shall be determined by the following
expression:
Ah=

Z I Sa
2R g

Where,
Z= Zone Factor for the maximum considered
earthquake
and service life of the structure in the zone.
= 0.36
I= Importance Factor, depending upon the
functional use of
the structures
=1.5
R= Response Reduction Factor, depending
upon the
perceived seismic damage performance of
the structure
Characterized by ductile or brittle
deformations.
=5
Sa/g=Average response acceleration
coefficient, depending
on the geological condition, damping and
natural time
period of the structure
Fundamental Natural Period
The Approx. fundamental natural period of

Total Weight of Seismi

Storey
W=21001.440 KN

Seismic Base shea

VB =2077.070 KN

vibration (Ta), in seconds, of RC moment

resisting frame building is,

(IS 1893
(Part1):2002,
Clause 6.4.5)

Ta=0.075h0.75
=0.075*21.25980.75
=0.7426 sec
For medium type soil and Ta=0.7426 sec
Sa/g=1.832

Now,

ZI Sa

Ah= 2R g

0.36*1.5

= 2*5

*1.832

=0.0989
Design Seismic Base Shear
The total design lateral force(VB) along any
principal direction shall be determined by
following expression,
VB=Ah*W
= 0.0989*21001.440
= 2077.070 KN

Lateral Forces and Storey Shear

Distribution of earthquake force on different floors of the frame under consideration is parabol
and is given by eqn:
Qi
Storey

Wi (KN)

VB W i h i 2

W i h i2

hi(m)

.
Wi hi2

Qi

VB W i h i 2

W i h i2
(KN)

TOP
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st

680.282
1816.842
3346.864
3789.363
3789.363
3789.363
3789.363

21.260
17.069
14.224
11.379
8.534
5.690
2.845
Total

307473.187
529325.887
677144.833
490670.201
276001.988
122667.550
30666.888
Wi
hi2=2433950.53
4 KN

258.146
444.408
568.513
411.954
231.724
102.988
25.747
Qi = 2043.48
KN

Storey Shear Distribution

Top
Sixth
Fifth
Fourth
Third
Second
First
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

COMPARISON BETWEEN MANUAL AND SOFTWARE CALCULATIONS:

%
Softw
Discrepan
are
Manual cy
16109. 15768.9
Dead
08
23
2.11
5022.5
Live Load
3 5028.19
-0.11
4109.9
Masonry
7 4302.34
-4.68
1254.4
Flooring
2 1272.97
-1.48
1254.4
Partition
2 1272.97
-1.48
Base Shear 1933.4 1959.12
(Vb)
0
8
-1.33
Note: Discrepancy with respect to the software value.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

There is certain discrepancy while comparing between Auto seismic analysis
produced by ETABS and manual computation. The major error source of
discrepancy that was noticed during analysis is the way of considering total
loading between software and manual computation. Also, In Etabs, Base Shear is
calculated in the Ground Level but the summation of loads is at the base, which
causes discrepancy in the comparison between the loads in base calculated by
the software and manual calculation. In ETABS all the structural element
consideration is done by all the load falling on a particular floor and so as the
loading computation and input is done where as in manual computation centre to
centre load between two stories is considered and necessary adjustment is done.

However, horizontal seismic coefficient is relatively small, it accounts for the

discrepancy as a result of which design seismic base shear by manual
computation and auto generation is within the margin of limit. Generally, 5%
difference in manual calculation and auto analysis is considered to be within the
limits as manual computation and auto analysis cannot be exactly the same.
Also, the fundamental time period was manually calculated and fed into the
ETABS. However, the analysis was also run for the second time to check whether
there will be any difference in calculating the time period when ETABS was set in
the program calculated time period. The results were, the program calculated
time periods were different for different axis. Time period observed was as
follows:
Along X- axis: 0.513 sec
Along Y-axis: 0.372 sec
Manually Calculated Fundamental Time Period: 0.743 sec
We have prepared the model assigning cantilever slabs to the model itself. But,
to check whether if there will be any difference in the Base Shear calculated if
the cantilever portion were assigned as Uniformly Distributed Load in the
adjoining beam, we ran the analysis one more time assigning the cantilever
portions as UDL load, there wasnt much of a difference in the Base Shear
calculated. The difference that had occurred might have been due to the
cantilever beam that was assigned as the point load on the adjoining columns.
The Base Shear obtained was as follows:
When Cantilever Portions werent introduced in the model Base Shear: 2011.41
KN
When Cantilever Portions were introduced in the model
Base Shear: 1933.40
KN
Thus, the auto seismic calculation of the structure is verified manually.