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436
(1)
1 V j Vm
= +
Etj E j Em
(2)
1 V j Vm
= +
Gltj G j Gm
(3)
ltj= jVj + m Vm
(4)
(5)
1.45
20
0.38*
7.24
2.5
73
0.2
30.42
1.1
4.375
0.46
1.49
1 Vg Vm
= +
Etg Eg Em
(6)
1 Vg Vm
= +
Gltg Gg Gm
(7)
(8)
N1j
N1j + N2j
= 0.647
(9)
N1g
N1g + N2g
= 0.5
(10)
(12)
hV jc
n jV j
and tg =
hVgc
ngVg
(13)
(14)
437
(11)
Q11=
Ex =
vyx =
A
A12
, Gxy = 66
h
A11
(16)
438
Approach 2 (CLT AP-2)
(17)
Q11 =
E11
E22
v E
, Q22 =
, Q12 = 12 22 ,
1 v12 v21
1 v12 v21
1 v12 v21
Q66 = G12
(18)
Ex = E11 jV jp + E11gVgp
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
where Vjp and Vgp are the volume fractions of jute and
glass plies in hybrid laminates (Table 2).
The minor Poissons ratio can be determined from
the following well known expression
v yx = v xy
Ey
Vf =
(W j / j ) + (Wg / g )
(24)
(W j / j ) + (Wg / g ) + (Wr / r )
(23)
Laminate
tj
mm
Vjp
tg
mm
Vgp
Experimental procedure
AJ
0.68
1.0
Materials
H1
0.722
0.876
0.41
0.124
H2
0.773
0.725
0.44
0.275
H3
0.82
0.538
0.469
0.462
Ex
439
Resin
AJ
H1
H2
H3
Thickness
mm
4.3
6.88
6.6
6.4
6.1
Jute fibre
Glass fibre G
Wt.
Fraction
%
Vol.
Fraction
%
Wt.
Fraction
%
Vol.
Fraction
%
42.60
34.80
25.00
17.10
36.00
30.40
22.83
15.89
8.20
16.50
25.20
4.32
8.67
13.56
Composite testing
Total fibre
(Jute + Glass)
Wt.
Vol.
Fraction
Fraction
%
%
42.60
43.00
41.50
42.30
36.00
34.72
31.50
29.45
440
441
AJ
( 0 wt % Glass )
H1
(8.2 wt % Glass )
H2
(16.5 wt % Glass )
H3
(25.2 wt % Glass )
Elastic
properties
Deviation b/w
CLT AP-1 & Exptl
%
Deviation b/w
CLT AP-2 & Exptl
%
Ex
Ey
xy
yx
Gxy
Ex
Ey
xy
yx
Gxy
Ex
Ey
xy
yx
Gxy
Ex
Ey
xy
yx
Gxy
+10.11
-20.00
00
-16.67
-16.54
+7.42
-16.18
-6.67
-18.50
-10.40
+ 7.73
-18.16
- 9.09
-13.93
- 4.69
+ 8.53
-10.06
-13.04
-16.67
+1.65
+11.39
-18.90
00
-16.67
-16.54
+ 8.54
-15.41
- 6.67
-18.50
-10.41
+ 8.70
-17.39
-9.09
-13.93
- 4.45
+9.93
- 8.81
-13.04
-17.05
+ 2.01
Deviation b/w
Rule of hybrid mixture
model & Exptl
%
+11.17
-19.25
00
-16.67
-16.54
+ 8.99
-14.90
-12.50
-18.20
-10.49
+ 9.88
- 16.70
-17.24
-13.20
- 4.70
+10.95
+8.30
-23.07
-16.67
+1.45
442
Nomenclature
References
Wj, Wg ,Wr
Vf
E j, E g , E m
Vj , Vg
Vjc , Vgc
Vm
Gj, Gg , Gm
Elj & Elg
Etj , Etg
Gltj , Gltg
N1j , N2j
N1g , N2g
E11j , E11g
G12j , G12g
h
Ex , Ey
Gxy
Greek letters
j, g , m
= Poissons ratio of jute fibre, glass fibre and resin,
respectively
ltj , tlj
= major and minor Poissons ratio of unidirectional
jute ply
= major and minor Poissons ratio of unidirectional
ltg , tlg
glass ply
12j , 21j
= major and minor Poissons ratio of woven jute
ply
12g , 21g
= major and minor Poissons ratio of woven glass
ply
= major and minor Poissons ratio of all jute and
xy , yx
hybrid laminate
j , g , r
= density of jute fibre, glass fibre and resin,
respectively, g/cm3
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20