PARAMETERS OF CHOKE COIL

AIM: To find the parameters of Choke Coil i.e... Resistance, Inductance and hence finding the Power factor
and Quality factor of the given choke coil
1. APPARATUS:
S.no
1.

Meter
Ammeters

2.

Voltmeters

3.

Variac

4.
5.

Variable Load
Fuse Wire

Type

Range

Quantity

2. THEORY:
The term Choke itself represents smother, block and the term Coil Itself indicates a reactor consisting of a
spiral of insulated wire that introduces inductance into a circuit.
Definition: An inductor which provides high impedance to alternating current with little resistance to direct
current. Choke coils are often used in radio circuits and to smooth the output of a rectifying circuit.
A "choke" is the common name given to an inductor that is used as a power supply filter element. They are
typically gapped iron core units, similar in appearance to a small transformer, but with only two leads
exiting the housing. The current in an inductor cannot change instantaneously; that is, inductors tend to
resist any change in current flow. This property makes them good for use as filter elements, since they tend
to "smooth out" the ripples in the rectified voltage waveform. Typically an inductor is designed to have high
reactance to a particular frequency when used in signal carrying circuit. They are inductances that isolate
AC frequency currents from certain areas of radio circuit. Choke coil depends upon the property of self
inductance for their operation. They are used to block alternating current while passing direct current.
Types and Construction:
Chokes used in radio circuit are divided into two classes those designed to be used with audio frequencies,
and the others to be used with radio frequencies
Audio Frequency coils, usually called A.F chokes, have ferromagnetic iron cores to increase their
inductance
Chokes for higher frequencies (ferrite chokes) have ferrite cores
Chokes for even higher frequencies have air cores.
Radio frequency coils, (R.F Chokes), usually dont have iron cores. In high power service so much heat
would be produced in making and destroying the field in the core that the coil would burn up.
In general a choke coil is nothing but an inductance with some internal resistance and at
higher frequencies the current is almost confined to the surface of the conductor this effect is also known as
skin effect. This can be explained as if we consider a conductor then as we move from the axis of the
conductor the inductance decreases it means more opposition to the flow of alternating current takes place
at the center (along the axis) and less opposition to the flow of current along the surface (which is at some
distance from the center).so current is only confined to the surface. Since the resistance to flow will depend
on Area of cross section of conductor, length of conductor, specific resistance of conductor. When current is
confined only to the surface of the conductor obviously the area of cross section through which current flow
decreases so the resistance to flow increases as per the relation
R (1/Arae of cross section)
So the R ac is greater than the R dc.
And in general Rac is 20% more than Rdc, and they are connected by the relation Rac =1.2Rdc.
These Choke coils are having wide range of applications due to the above mentioned features
Applications:
1. Power choke coil in general household appliance and industrial equipment
Ex: TV sets, video appliance, Etc.
2. Common mode choke coil used to reduce a type of electrical noise known as common mode noise. And
the Electro-magnetic Interference in the circuits is one source of electrical noise E.M.I induces or couples

unwanted electrical signals into the circuit to filter out these undesirable signals with out affecting the
desired signal these CMI is used.
Ex: AC Power lines
3. in high speed telecommunications
4. Used as a picking coil in filtering applications
5. These are mainly used in USB cables.
Ex: for example in our computer some parts to be given some 3VDC so its value should not be
effected by the other cables in which AC is flowing .so for this what we do is we will pass the cable through
the choke coil even if there is any AC signal that is trying to effect the desired value will only confined to
the surface of the choke coil
6. Choke coil is nothing but an inductance so it is used in Electrical Isolation Transformers.
Ex: If there is any short circuit problem then the entire circuit will gets damaged so to avoid
Isolation Transformers(N1=N2)
7. In a class AB power Amplifier to prevent power dissipation at the collector it is used.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PART1: Measurement of Internal Resistance

PART2: Measurement of Impedance

4. PROCEDURE:
Part1:
1. Select a fuse wire in such a way that the fuse rating should be less than the maximum current that is
drawn by the circuit.
2. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
3. Suitable AC supply is taken by keeping the variac in minimum output position.
4. The single phase variac is varied to regulate the voltage to the circuit.
5. The reading are taken by varying the variac in such a way that the current through and the voltage across
the Choke coil should not exceed the rating of it.
6. After getting 4 or 5 readings supply is off and the average impedance, quality factor and the power factor
of the Choke coil is calculated using the model calculations.
Part2:
1. Select a fuse wire in such a way that the fuse rating should be less than the maximum current that is
drawn by the circuit.
2. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram
3. Suitable DC supply is given to the circuit.
4. The variable load is varied in steps to regulate the current in the circuit.
5. The reading is taken by varying the variable load in such a way that the current through the Choke coil
should not exceed the rating of it.
6. After getting 4 or 5 readings supply is off and the average impedance, quality factor and the power factor
of the Choke coil is calculated using the model calculations

5. OBSERVATIONS:
PART1: Measurement of Internal Resistance
S.no

V (in Volts)

I (in Amp)

Rdc (in )

Rdc(average) = ______
PART2: Measurement of Impedance
S.no.
V (in Volts)

I (in Amp)

Z (in )

Z(average) = ______
6. PHASOR DIAGRAM:

7. MODEL CALCULATIONS:
Z = ( Rac2 + XL2 ).5 = ___________
Z = V/I = _________
Rac = 1.2Rdc = _________
XL = 2fL = ( Z2 Rac2).5 = __________
L = XL / 2f = _________
8. PRECAUTIONS:
1. All Connections should be tight
2. Supply should be switched off before making or breaking connections.
3. Take care, to see that the variable load should capable of withstanding the current rating
4. All meters should be kept horizontally
5. Readings must be taken without parallax error.
9. RESULT:
1. The Resistance of the given choke coil is:______
2. The Inductance of the given choke coil is: ______
3. The Power Factor of the given choke coil is: ______
4. The Quality factor of the given choke coil is: ______