Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CO
CO2
Carbonaceo
us soot
H2S,
NOX,
SO2
1st Published
1970
1st Revision
1983
2nd Revision
2005
OBJECTIVE
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
PART - 4
Fire and Life Safety. (This Part covers the requirements for fire prevention, life
safety in relation to Fire and Fire protection of buildings. The Code specifies
construction, occupancy and protection features that are necessary to minimize
danger to life and property from fire.
NBC - SECTIONS
MAIN SECTIONS
Part - 0
Part 1
Definitions (This Part lists the terms appearing in all the Parts/ Sections of
the National Building Code of India).
Part 2
Administration (This Part covers the administrative aspects of the Code, such as
applicability of the Code, organization of building department for enforcement of the
Code, procedure for obtaining development and building permits, and responsibility of
the owner).
Part 3
Part 4
Fire and Life Safety. (This Part covers the requirements for fire prevention, life
safety in relation to f ire and fire protection of buildings. The Code specifies
construction, occupancy and protection features that are necessary to minimize
danger to life and property from fire.
NBC - SECTIONS
MAIN SECTIONS
Part 5
Building Material (This Part of the Code covers the requirements of building
materials and components, and criteria for accepting new or alternative building
materials and components).
Part 6
Structural Design (This Section covers basic design loads to be assumed in the
design of buildings).
Part 7
Constructional Practice and Safety (This Part of the Code covers the
constructional planning, management and practices in buildings; storage, stacking
and handling of materials. It also covers guidelines relating to maintenance
management, repairs, and strengthening of Buildings).
Part 8
Building Services (This Section covers requirements and methods for lighting and
ventilation of buildings).
Part 9
Plumbing Services (This Section covers the basic requirements of water supply).
Part 10
IS: 15908: 2011 Selection, Installation & Maintenance of Control & Indicating
Equipment's for Fire Detection & Alarm System-Code of Practice
IS: 3844: 1989
IS: 15105: 2002 Design & Installation of Fixed Automatic Sprinkler Fire
Extinguishing Systems - System-Code of Practice
NBC - SECTIONS
Group
Type
Purpose
Residential
Educational
Institutional
Assembly
Building, where number of persons not less than 50 congregate or gather for
amusement, recreation, social, religious, patriotic, purposes.
Business
Mercantile
Building, which is used as shops, stores, market, for display and sale of
merchandise, either wholesale or retail.
Industrial
Building in which products or materials of all kinds and properties are fabricated,
assembled, manufactured or processed,
Storage
Building used primarily for the storage or sheltering (i/c servicing, processing /
repairs incidental to storage) of goods, ware or merchandise
Hazardous
Clause 3.1.11
Any building not covered by Annex B or 3.1.8 shall be classified in the group
KEY CHALLENGES
FIRE ALARM
SPRINKLER
PUMPS
GENERAL
BASIC TERMS
DETECTION IN
BASEMENT
DESIGN PARAMETERS
PUMP ROOM
LOCATION
BEAM STRUCTURE
OPTIONAL EXCEPTION
PUMP
ARRANGEMENT
BASEMENT
COMPARTMENTATION
DETECTOR SITTING
OBSTRUCTIONS
DETECTORS IN
BATHROOM
ONE & TWO WAY
COMMUNICATION
KEY POINTS
WATER CURTAIN
BIS: 15908 - Control & Indicating Equipment's for Fire Detection & Alarm
System-Code of Practice
1.Control Centre of area 15 to 20 M Sq Mtr.
2.The Control room shall have attached WC & drinking water facility.
3.24 Hrs Manning.
4.Mimic Panel of premises protected.
5.Segregated from AC system of rest of building. If ducts are common,
provide damper.
6.In complex building with multiple entries, discuss with local fire authority
for control room.
DETECTION IN BASEMENT
1. Is it mandatory in the first place ? if so then which part
in NBC & relevant clauses call for it ?
2. If not, how important Is it from Life safety point of view ?
3. Are the other builders getting away with it in NOIDA ?
4. Can we do away with it and save some Rs. 1.5 cr /on an average
BEAM STRUCTURE
Heat Detector (Beam Structure)
DETECTOR SITTING
HEAT DETECTOR
BIS:2189
NFPA-72
Ceiling Height
Spacing
0-4
7M
0-3
4-5
6M
3 - 3.7
0.91
5-7
5M
3.7 - 4.3
0.84
7-8
4M
4.3 - 4.9
0.77
8 -9
3M
4.9 - 5.5
0.71
5.5 - 6.1
0.64
6.1 - 6.7
0.58
6.7 - 7.3
0.52
7.3 - 7.9
0.46
7.9 - 8.5
0.40
8.5 - 9.1
DETECTOR SITTING
SMOKE DETECTOR
BIS: 2189
Without Forced Ventilation
Up to 6 M height 9.0 M
6 M to 7 M height 7.5 M
7 M to 8 M height - 6.5 M
8 M to 9 M height - 6.0 M
9 M to 10 M height 5.0 M
ACPH
Multification Factor
NFPA - 72
ACPH
Area Sq Meter
60
12
30
23
20
35
15
46
60
0.38
12
58
30
0.50
10
70
20
0.64
8.6
81
15
0.74
7.5
84
12
0.83
6.7
84
10
0.91
84 (9.1 M)
8.5
0.95
> 7.5
1.00 (9 X 1 = 9M)
DETECTOR SITTING
BIS: 2189
NFPA - 72
DETECTORS IN BATHROOMS
SP
SP
SP
Zone S.
Audio
Riser
Segment
P.A. Amp
A.S
Panel
P.A. Amp
KEY POINTS
All stairwells, lift shafts, other utility shafts etc, shall have a
detector at the top.
Lift machine rooms shall be provided with a detector.
Detectors shall not be required below open grid ceilings if
openings constitute at least 70 percent of the area of the ceiling
material.
Detectors shall not be required in concealed, accessible spaces
above suspended ceilings that are used as a return air plenum.
Bathroom, lavatories need not be protected.
SPRINKLER IN ATRIUM
Sustainability Concern
Indoor environment quality, air quality,
ventilation , restricted air movement
Sustainable Solutions
Open Spaces like atria
DESIGN PARAMETERS
BIS: 15105
Description
Light Hazard
Moderate Hazard
Definition
Non
industrial
bldgs. Manufacturing
individual room area is Occupancy
more than 125 Sq. mtr.
and/or all walls are not
going up to roof.
Occupancy
High Hazard
Hazard Table
Minimum Pressure
(Hydraulically)
0.70 Bar
0.35 Bar
0.50 Bar
Design Density
2.25 L/m/m2
5 L/m/m2
10 L/m/m2
84 m2
360 m2
260 m2
In general 09 m2
Spacing 3.4 M
Storage 10 m2
Spacing - 2.0 M
Water Velocity
Water velocity shall not exceed 6 m/sec at any valve or flow monitoring
device, or 10 m/sec at any other point in the system
OPTIONAL EXCEPTION
OPTIONAL EXCEPTION
OPTIONAL EXCEPTION
BIS: 15105
Sprinkler protection required at top of elevator shaft, chute etc. Its required in boot
and motor of escalator. Its required in lift pit where is there is possibility of
accumulation of debris.
Sprinklers shall be provided under work tables if there is power source below the
table.
The pump room inside the building shall have direct access in form of ramp / stair.
The fuel tank capacity shall be sufficient to run the diesel engine pump for minimum 4Hrs
as per BIS: 12469. As per NFPA-20, Fuel supply tank(s) shall have a capacity at least
equal to 5.07 L per kW (1 gal per]hp), plus 5 percent volume for expansion and 5 percent
volume for sump.
PUMP ARRANGEMENT
A minimum clearance of 1 m at front and back and 0.75 m on sides and between
pumps should be provided for all major pumps exceeding 2280 LPM capacity.
For smaller pumps, including jockey pumps, the clearance required should be 0.75
m at front and back and 0.60 m at sides and between pumps. The head room
clearance for all pump houses should be minimum 2.75 m.
As per BIS: 12469, the foundation of pumps shall have minimum grade of reinforced
concrete as M 15. The thickness of the foundation shall be 50 mm for pumps up
to 900 LPM, 75 mm for up to 2280 LPM, 100 mm up to 4500 LPM and 150 mm for
higher pumps.
As per NFPA-20, the weight of foundation must be at least 5 times the weight of pump-motor
set. Foundation bolts of proper size should be embedded in the concrete to a depth of 8
inches to 12 inches and locked with either a hook around reinforced bar or by using J
shaped bolt.
The capacity of the jockey pump shall neither be less than 3 percent (with a
minimum of 180 LPM) nor more than 10 percent of the installed pumping
capacity.
BASIC TERMS
Fire Load: The Maximum heat that will generate if all the contents of that space i/c
walls, partitions, furniture etc. will burn. It can be expressed in KJ/Kg (1KJ=1btu).
Fire Exit: A way out leading to escape route. It can be door way or even horizontal
exit. (Corridor).
Building Height: The vertical distance from the average level of ground floor to
the terrace of the last liveable floor of the building adjacent to the external wall;
Fire Tower: The enclosed staircase outside the building with approach from all floors and
separated by respective floor area by fire resistant door.
High Rise Building : All buildings 15 m or above in height shall be considered as
high rise buildings. As per NFPA, its 23 M.
FIRE RESISTANCE
STAIRCASES:
STAIRCASE WALLS - 2 HOUR RATED;
STAIRCASE DOORS / EXIT DOORS - 2 HOUR RATED;
GLASS IF USED IN STAIRCASE - 2 HOUR FIRE RATED.
LIFTS AND LIFTS LOBBIES:
LIFT WALLS - 2 HOUR FIRE RATED;
LIFT LOBBY DOOR - 2 HOUR FIRE RATED;
LIFT LANDING DOOR - 1 HOUR FIRE RATED.
ELECTRICAL SUB STATIONS:
CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING WALLS / DOORS / CUTOUTS - 4 HOUR FIRE RATED.
BOILER ROOMS :
CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING WALLS / CUTOUTS - 4 HOUR FIRE RATED.
DOOR - 2 HOUR FIRE RATING.
SHAFTS:
ENCLOSURE / INSPECTION DOORS OF ELECTRICAL SHAFT 2 HRS FIRE RATED
ENCLOSURE / INSPECTION DOOR OF OTHER SHAFTS - 1 HOURS FIRE RATING
REFUGE AREA
BASEMENT PARKING
NBC recommends that for basement car parking:
a.
b.
c.
Split area in to different compartments , each of no more than 1125 Sq Mtrs (If
sprinklered).
Provide Smoke Ventilation to achieve 30 Air Changes Per Hour.
Limit Travel Distance to 45 Meters.
The intent of compartmentation is to contain fire with in a certain space, delaying the spread,
aiding occupant evacuation.
WATER CURTAIN
Water Curtain Nozzle distributes water in the form
of a flat extending all the way to the ground for fire
compartment segregation. The fire water curtain
system is designed prevent the fire from
propagating into adjacent areas in case of a fire
incident.