PROJECT SEMESTER REPORT

On

Anti loss device

Submitted b

B. Tech (ECE)
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technolgy,Delhi
Under the Guidance of

Mr. Rohit Singh

(Asst professor of electronics department)

MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ROHINI SECTOR-22 , NEW DELHI-110086

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that student of BTech Electronics and communication(ECE) ,
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology has sucessfully completed the project
and has worked under my supervision and guidance of
To the best of my knowledge, the work is original and has not been submitted
else where for any other academic attainment.

(ASST.PROFESS
OR )
MAIT,ECE

Acknowledgement
The opportunity of completing my 3rd year project with Micro controller lab was a great chance
of learning and professional development
2

I would take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude to Mr. Singh who inspite of being
exteremely busy with his duties , took time to hear ,guide and keep me on the correct path and
allowing me to carry out project work in this esteemed organization . I also express my sincere
thanks to seniors of our college for their kind and continual support and constructive
suggestions given during the course of this project . I choose this moment to acknowledge their
contribution gratefully.
I would further like to express my gratitude to my faculty of Maharaja Agrasen Institute of
Technology for their careful and precious guidance which was extremely helpful for my project.
I preceive this opportunity as a big milestone with regard to start of my professional career from
such a prestigious organization. I will strive to use the gained knowledge in the best possible way

Declaration
I here by declare that the project entitled ANTI LOSS DEVICE is an authentic record of my
own work carried out at micro controller lab , as a requirement of project semester training for
the industrial experience of BTech (Electronics and Comminication ) ,Maharaja Agrasen Institute
of Technology ,IPU Delhi, under the guidance of Mr Rohit Singh.

Table of contents

1.Introduction...6
2.Design..............................................................................7-9
2.1 Power supply7
2.2 Microcontroller 8051.7
4

2.3 communication...7
2.4 Encoder.8
2.5 RF Module...8
2.6 Decoder HT 12D..8
2.7 Voltage regulator......9
2.8 Buzzer
..9
3.Working.1011
3.1 RF registration plate.....10
3.2 RF information receiver ....... 10
3.3 8051 microcontroller .....11
4.1 Advantages.
12
4.2 Limitations...
..12
5.coding
.13
6 .Conclusion.
14.
7References..
15

1. Introduction
Many precious personal belongings, either by theft or carelessness, are
easily lost or cause serious damage. According to a report by TechCrunch: US
5

citizens, on average, lost one smartphone annually, which caused 30 billion

dollar loss of money in 2012. Not to mention the loss of wallet, which may
cause the loss of your driving license, cash and credit cards. Our idea is to
use wireless communication technology to remarkably decrease the loss rate
of those important items you carry. Since those personal belongings (i.e.
wallet, cell-phones, keychain) are supposed to be very close to you, we
would pair them up (use transmitters and receiver) with a portable base
device that could be easily hooked up/carried in your jacket/coats. This
device will detect if any of the personal belongings are too far away from you
(for example more than 2-5 meters) and send out an alarm indicating this
item is under potential risk of loss. The buzzer on the tags side will beep
when it is out of range, therefore, the user is able to trace the losing item
according to the sound. The listed blocks and modules will be explained in
greater depth in the next section.

2. Design
6

2.1 Portable Base (Master End)

2.1.1 Power Supply
Power Supply Module is consisted with two parts, 9V battery from Eveready
and a CR2032 Lithium coin cell battery. The 9V battery is mainly providing
voltage fOR microcontroller. The coin cell battery is only used for chip in
order to have enough voltage to transmit data with slave end chip. we
chose to use 9V battery because of its cheap price and constant voltage
regulating. The LED and push button will be directly powered by battery.
2.1.2 Microcontroller
A micro controller is an integrated circuit or a chip with a processor and
other support devices like program memory, data memory, I/O ports, serial
communication interface etc integrated together. Unlike a microprocessor
(ex: Intel 8085), a microcontroller does not require any external interfacing
of support devices. Intel 8051 is the most popular microcontroller ever
produced in the world market.
2.1.3 Communication
Bluegiga BLE112 chip was used in the communication module. The chip was
programmed to advertising all the time to let tag detect the signal strength.
If the tag detect that the RSSI is lower than the setup reference, the tag will
make connection to the Portable base communication module. This module
will receive the identification information from the tag wirelessly and send
the information to the serial input of the microcontroller.
2.1.4 Encoder
An encoder is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm or
person that converts information from one format or code to another, for the
purposes of standardization, speed or compressions. In this, we have used
20:1 encoder. At pin no.10-13 we have connected 10kohm resistors and at
pin no.15 we have connected one 10Mohm resistors and also at pin no. 16 ,a
crystal oscillator has been connected.

2.1.5 RF Module
In generally, the wireless systems designer has two overriding constraints: it
must operate over a certain distance and transfer a certain amount of
information within a data rate. The RF modules are very small in dimension
and have a wide operating voltage range i.e. 3V to 12V.
Basically the RF modules are 433 MHz RF transmitter and receiver modules.
The transmitter draws no power when transmitting logic zero while fully
suppressing the carrier frequency thus consume significantly low power in
battery operation. When logic one is sent carrier is fully on to about 4.5mA
with a 3volts power supply. The data is sent serially from the transmitter
which is received by the tuned receiver. Transmitter and the receiver are duly
interfaced to two microcontrollers for data transfer.
2.1.6 Decoder HT12D
Decoder integrated circuit that belongs to 212 series of decoders. This series
of decoders are mainly used for remote control system applications, like
burglar alarm, car door controller, security system etc. It is mainly provided
to interface RF and infrared circuits. They are paired with 212 series of
encoders. The chosen pair of encoder/decoder should have same number of
addresses and data format.
In simple terms, HT12D converts the serial input into parallel outputs. It
decodes the serial addresses and data received by, say, an RF receiver, into
parallel data and sends them to output data pins. The serial input data is
compared with the local addresses three times continuously. The input data
code is decoded when no error or unmatched codes are found. A valid
transmission in indicated by a high signal at VT pin.
HT12D is capable of decoding 12 bits, of which 8 are address bits and 4 are
data bits. The data on 4 bit latch type output pins remain unchanged until
new is received.

DECODER HT12D
8

2.1.7 Voltage regulator 7805

7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. It is a member of 78xx
series of fixed linear voltage regulator ICs. The voltage source in a circuit
may have fluctuations and would not give the fixed voltage output.
The voltage regulator IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value.
The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to provide.
7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can
be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective
voltage levels.

7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR

2.1.8 Buzzer
Buzzer is connected to 17 pin of HT12D decoder and other end is grounded
.It produces sound when receiver goes out of range of transmitter.

BUZZER
9

3. Working:
3.1 RF Registration plate:
In this project an RF circuitry is installed which continuously transmits 12 bit
code. The configuration of code is done using data bit of HT12E D8-D11. If
any of pins connected to the 5v through resister, HT12E read it as 1. In case
of pressing switch IC reads 0. For this purpose we have used HT 12E encoder.
HT 12 E is 2^20 encoders are a series of CMOS LSIs for remote control
system applications. They are capable of encoding information which
consists of N address bits and 20_N data bits. Each address/ data input can
be set to one of the two logic states. The programmed addresses/data are
transmitted together with the header bits via an RF transmission medium
upon receipt of a trigger signal. The capability to select a TE trigger on the
HT12E or a DATA trigger on the HT12A further enhances the application
Flexibility of the 212 series of encoders. The HT12A additionally provides a
38kHz carrier for infrared systems.

3.2 RF information receiver:

As shown in the circuit diagram it consists of HT12D receiver, Microcontroller
interface.
HT 12D Receive 12 bit decoded data transmitted by RF license plate and
encode data for further processing. The HT12D is 12 bit decoders are a
series of CMOS LSIs for remote control system applications. They are paired
with Holtek_s 2^20 series of encoders. For proper operation, a pair of
encoder/decoder with the same number of addresses and data format should
be chosen. The decoders receive serial addresses and data from a
programmed 2^20 series of encoders that are transmitted by a carrier using
an RF transmission medium. They compare the serial input data three times
continuously with their local addresses. If no error or unmatched codes are
found, the input data codes are decoded and then transferred to the output
10

pins. The VT pin also goes high to indicate a valid transmission. The 2^20
series of decoders are capable of decoding informations that consist of N
bits of address and 20_N bits of data. Of this series, the HT20D is arranged to
provide 8 address bits and 4 data bits.
The 20 (only 4 bit used) bit code received by HT20D is further applied to the
microcontroller. Corresponding to each code microcontroller assign a unique
Registration number, Owner name and address, License number, Vehicle
status (Stolen or not).
3.3 8051 microcontroller.
It scans input port code coming from HT12D and compare with predefined
code if match found display corresponding information. The 8051 is a lowpower, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash
programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is
manufactured using Atmels high density nonvolatile memory technology
and is compatible with the industry standard 8051 and 8052 instruction set
and pinout. The
reprogrammed

on-chip Flash allows

in-system

or

by

the program memory to be

conventional

nonvolatile

memory

programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic

chip, the Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a
highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control
applications.

11

The 8051provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256

bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level
interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock
circuitry. In addition, the 8051is designed with static logic for operation down
to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes.
The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial
port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power Down Mode
saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip
functions until the next hardware reset.

4.1 ADVANTAGES:
1. The number of lost items including pets, misplaced households, keys,
wallets, including mobile communication devices such as cellular
phones is very high (Nielsen, 2009). Retrieval of misplaced and/or lost
items is a rampant problem that requires being addressed.
2. The increased use of wireless communication technology has led to the
design of different
tracking devices that integrate
its use especially in smartphones as the most adept tracking
platform.
3. Low power consumption
4. The tracking device should be able to minimize on power consumption.
5. Low Budget
6. The tracking device should be not so costly in buying and also for use
7. Wide coverage
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8. The device should be able to cover a wide area both indoor and
outdoor.
9. Accuracy and efficacy
10.
The device should be able to monitor effectively and track the
lost or misplaced item with desired precision and accuracy.

4.2 LIMITATIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.

It cant be attached to small devices like mobile phones.

It is not easily available
Difficult to design and requires complex circuit
It does not give exact location of the object

6.CONCLUSION
In the contemporary world, it is anticipated that the retrieval of misplaced
and/or lost items is easier with the development of many tracking devices.
Different users make different choices on tracking devices depending on
needs, prevailing environment, and ease of application, power use, and
budget effectiveness. Current customer demands require the use of
Bluetooth-based tracking devices including the Bluetooth-based location
estimator because they are host independent with respect to the use of GSM,
towers, GPS, or Wi-Fi routers, can be used in both indoor and outdoor
applications, energy efficient and cost effective when installed in
smartphones. Conclusively, it is evident that investing in technologies such
as Bluetooth in Smartphones, and n Locator in iPhones is an appropriate

13

business venture considering the number of users using this technology as

third party software plugins.
This study has several limitations. First, this study is limited to the
smartphone users. Secondly, we only focused on smartphones based
tracking solution, and also dont highlight the negative aspects of tracking
devices applications

7.REFERENCES

International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering

Aghasi, H., Hashemi, H., & Hossein, K. (2012). A Source Localization
Based on Signal Attenuation and Time Delay Estimation in Sensor
Networks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-theft_system

www.electronicshub.org/

14

Texas Instruments, SCBS842A. Sept. 2001, Revised Feb. 2008 [Online].

Available: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ri-trp-dr2b.pdf

5. Coding of the project

$MOD51

INPUT EQU

P3.2

; Port3,Bit2 is used as input. The demodulated signal

; with active low level is connected to this pin
15

ZERO

EQU

P3.3 ; Zero Crossing Input

OUTPUT EQU P2
OP1

EQU

P2.2

OP2

EQU

P2.3

OP3

EQU

P2.4

OP4

EQU

P2.7

OP5

EQU

P2.6

OP6

EQU

P2.5

FAN

EQU

P0.7

FANL EQU

P3.6

SWITCH

EQU

P3.7

OP7

EQU

P0.0

;A,7

OP8

EQU

P0.1

;B,6

OP9

EQU

P0.2

;C,4

OP10 EQU

P0.3

;D,2

OP11 EQU

P0.4

;E,1

OP12 EQU

P0.5

;F,9

OP13 EQU

P0.6

;G,10

SDA EQU P2.1

;SDA=PIN5

SCL EQU P2.0

;SCL=PIN6

WTCMD EQU

10100000B

;WRITE DATA COMMAND Note 3

16

RDCMD EQU

DSEG

10100001B

;READ DATA COMMAND Note 3

; This is internal data memory

ORG

20H

; Bit adressable memory

FLAGS: DS

CONTROL BIT
NEW

BIT

FLAGS.0 ; toggles with every new keystroke

FLAGS.1 ; Bit set when a new command has been received

STATUS:

DS

LIG1

BIT

STATUS.0

LIG2

BIT

STATUS.1

LIG3

BIT

STATUS.2

LIG4

BIT

STATUS.3

LIG5

BIT

STATUS.4

LIG6

BIT

STATUS.5

COMMAND: DS

SUBAD: DS

BUFFER: DS

30

TOGGLE: DS

;Lights Status Bits

; Received command byte

; Device subaddress
; Buffer to store length of transmitted pulses
;Toggle every bit

ANS: DS

SPEED:

DS

1 ; Speed control Register

17

SPEED1:

DS

ADDR:DS

STACK: DS

; Stack begins here

18