DIFFERENCE IN PERCEPTION BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE BBF

STUDENTS REGARDING ALLOWANCE BUDGETING

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An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the College of Accountancy and Finance
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sta. Mesa, Manila

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor in Banking and Finance

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By
CAMACHO, Jan Loraine C.
CAUSE, Carlo Dave S.
LASTRA, Princess Hennessee
PAZ, Rochelle P.
PEREZ, Sharmaine M.
RODRIGUEZ, Kristopher
BBF 3-4
March 2016

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The research would like to express their most profound gratitude
and appreciation to the following individuals, who wielded out their efforts
and support, for without them this research will not be possible:
First to God who showered them with guidance and security during
the completion of this study;
To Dr. Henry Prudente, their thesis adviser, for his efforts, generosity
and for being a very effective impetus and guidance in making this study a
reality;
To Roxanne Bongco, MAED, for leading us her time to give her
insights and expert opinion on our grammar and usage of language;
To our beloved parents, for their moral, spiritual, and material
support and encouragement;
To the comrades, friends and acquaintances of the researchers, for
the time and effort they allotted to help and support the accomplishment of
this study;
To those whose names do not appear in this study but who directly
and indirectly contributed the much needed support, inspiration and
encouragement towards the realization of this research work. To them, the
researchers will be forever grateful.
The Researchers
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DEDICATION

For those who we love the most, this is for you.

ABSTRACT

Title

DIFFERENCE IN PERCEPTION BETWEEN

MALE AND FEMALE BBF STUDENTS
REGARDING ALLOWANCE BUDGETING

Researchers

CAMACHO, Jan Loraine C.

CAUSE, Carlo Dave S.
LASTRA, Princess Hennessee
PAZ, Rochelle P.
PEREZ, Sharmaine M.
RODRIGUEZ, Kristopher

Degree

Bachelor in Banking and Finance

Institution

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Adviser

Henry Prudent, DBA

The researchers aimed to identify the difference in perception

between male and female BBF students regarding allowance budgeting in
PUP- Main, Sta. Mesa. Descriptive research describes and interprets
what is. It reveals conditions or relationships that exist or do not exist,
practices that prevail or do not prevail, beliefs or points of view or attitudes
that are held or are not held, processes that are going on or otherwise,
effects that are being felt, or trends that are developing (Salvador, Baysa &
Fua-Geronimo, 2008, p48). Survey-questionnaires were distributed to 1 st
year and 2nd year BBF Students in PUP-Main, Sta. Mesa. The data
gathered were analyzed and interpreted using following statistical tools:
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frequency and percentage distribution, ranking, average weighted mean,

and Likert scale.

Statement of the Problem

This study research entitled Difference in Perception Between Male
and Female BBF Students Regarding Allowance Budgeting aimed to
know the difference of male and female 1 st and 2nd year Banking and
Finance students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines on how they
differ in terms budgeting their allowances.
Specifically, the study sought to answer the following question:
1.0.What is the perspective of BBF Students in Polytechnic University of
the Philippines (Main) Sta. Mesa:
1.1
How student budget their allowance;
1.2
Where most of their allowance was allocated;
1.3
Average monthly allowance; and,
1.4
Source of allowance?
2.0.What is the profile of the respondents?
2.1
Age;
2.2
Sex; and,
2.3
Economic Status?
3.0 Views of the respondents in budgeting allowance
3.1
Complexity that exist in the way they budget
allowance;
3.2
Faithful representation of budgeting allowance;
and,
3.3
View of the respondents in limiting the allocation
of their allowance?
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4.0 Problems encountered and Possible Solutions

Summary of Findings
The study is entitled Difference in Perception Between Male and
Female BBF Students Regarding Allowance Budgeting. The dollowing are
the important findings of the study.
1. Perspective of Budgeting Allowance
The study showed that majority of the respondents budget their
allowance according needs gaining 50% and 26% of the total respondents
allocated their allowance on food. Also thirty-four percent (34%) of them
have an average monthly allowance of Php 3001 Php 4000. In addition,
90% of the students obtain their allowance on their parents.

2. Respondents Profile
Of all the respondents surveyed, forty-two percent (42%) of them
belong to the age of seventeen (17) and sixty-two percent (62%) of the
total respondents were female. Further, majority of them belong to the
lower class in terms of economic stability and status with total average of
fifty-eight percent (58%).

3. Views of the Respondents in Budgeting Allowance

The female respondents agreed that budgeting is complex in the
way they budget allowance which have an average weighted mean of
3.59. While on the other hand male respondents somewhat agree that the
complexity in the way they budget allowance exists which have an average
weighted mean of 3.48 The students agreed that, budgeting is a difficult
task, and that having unexpected expenditures in school always happen,
with an average mean of (3.64, 3.89) and (3.90, 4.21) respectively.
However, the students somewhat agree that they become an occasional
impulsive buyer, that they found it hard in terms of classifying wants and
needs, and also in prioritizing in budgeting, with an average mean of (3.30,
3.24), (3.20, 3.18) and (3.39, 3.44) respectively.
As whole, male and female respondents agreed that the faithful
representation of budgeting allowance exists which have an average
weighted mean of 3.95 and 4.35 respectively. The students agreed that the
budgeting totally helps them, that they always consider budgeting, that
budgeting provides them efficiency, that budgeting give enough guidelines
in estimating how much to spend and budgeting allowance lead them to
higher savings.
The female respondents agreed that limiting the allocation of their
allowance may exists which have an average weighted mean of 3.63.
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While on the other hand male respondents somewhat agree that the
limiting the allocation of their allowance may exists which have an average
weighted mean of 3.37. The female respondents agreed that they can still
manage to budget even though they have a smaller allowance, and they
can also eradicate leisure for better budgeting, with an average mean of
3.75 and 3.64 respectively. On the other hand the male respondents
somewhat agree that they can still manage to budget even though they
have a smaller allowance, and they can also eradicate leisure for better
budgeting, with an average mean of 3.42 and 3.24 respectively. The
students somewhat agree that, they can still achieve the goal although
budget is disoriented, and that the monthly allowance they are receiving is
enough, with an average mean of (3.21, 3.45) and (3.41, 4.46)
respectively. However, the students agree that allocating their allowance
improves their financial literacy, with an average mean of 3.59 and 3.87
respectively.
4. Problems encountered and Possible Solutions
Male and female respondents somewhat agreed that the problems
encountered in budgeting allowance exists which have an average
weighted mean of 3.02 and 3.16 respectively. The students agreed that
unexpected school fees always occur, with an average mean of 3.92 and
4.12 respectively. While on the other hand the students somewhat agree
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that sometimes they tend to forget to consider wants and needs, peer
pressure also leads them to impulsive spending, sometimes they tend to
prioritize leisure over budgeting and spending their savings on nonimportant matters, with an average mean of (2.73, 2.96), (3.23, 3.38),
(2.67, 2.63), and (2.71, 2.59) respectively. Male and female respondents
agreed as to the possible solutions for problems encountered in budgeting
allowance exists which have an average weighted mean of 3.77 and 3.95
respectively. The students agreed that listing down proper spending of
allowance, that self control in terms of spending money for leisure, that
spending money according to ones needs, that making a list of expenses
including unwanted expenditures, and that making budgeting as a hobby
improves the quality of life are the possible solutions for problems
encountered in budgeting allowance, with an average mean of (3.65, 3.72),
(3.84, 4.08), (3.91, 4.05), (3.57, 3.72), and (3.91, 4.21) respectively.

Conclusion
Based on the findings in the study, the following conclusions given
were drawn from the outcomes of the research and observations on the
Differences in Perception of Male and Female Banking and Finance in budgeting
their allowances. The study is composed of 1 st year and 2nd year Banking and
Finance respondents.

1. Perspective of Budgeting Allowance

Most of the respondents budget their allowance according needs.
Highest portion of the total respondents allowance allocated it on food.
Most of them have an average monthly allowance of Php 3001 Php
4000. In addition, the greatest number of students obtains their allowance
on their parents.
2. Respondents Profile
The highest portion of the respondents were at the age of seventeen
(17), and they are dominated by female respondents. Majority of them
belong to the lower class in terms of economic stability and status.

3. Views of the Respondents in Budgeting Allowance.

The female respondents agreed and the male respondents
somewhat agree that budgeting is complex in the way they allocate
allowance. Regarding on faithful representation of budgeting allowance
male and female respondents both agreed. The female respondents
agreed and the male respondents somewhat agree in limiting the
allocation of their allowance.
4. Problems encountered and Possible Solutions

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The study showed that by the effective use of Budgeting, the

respondents were both agreed as to problems being encountered. On the
other hand, respondents could still provide possible solutions which can
prevent relative to the problems encountered in allowance budgeting.

Recommendations
Finally, based on the foregoing findings of the study, the following
are recommended for male and female way of budgeting their money
effectively:
Students should maintain their priorities in spending so it wont be a
problem if they cut short on their budget. Budgeting Allowance may be
tough task for students but as students know their priorities where to spend
their money, running out of money necessary for certain things can be
prevented. It is important to ensure their allowances for their basic needs
as students. Students should take time to read some magazines, books,
articles and other written materials. Everything we read fills our head and
adds our mind new information. Through reading material related to
finance and money can equip students on how to handle their money and
may improve students learning in budgeting. Parents must be aware of the
spending habits of their children and where most of their allowances are
allocated for them to be independent enough in proper way of budgeting

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their own money. Before students should go in college or even at their

early age, parents should teach their children about the importance of
budgeting. Teaching them how to track their spending and it should
reconcile to their allowance. They should take time to discuss them about
the difference of basic needs and wants. Through these they may have a
foundation on proper handling of their money. Students must be aware
should know the importance of proper spending and try to make the best of
their money. Spending money is a big part of students life. Every student
knew that, but regardless of these things one should know how to practice
good spending habits. Once a students knows how to be smarter in
spending, their allowances got no chance of spending it too much on other
things not so important. The JFINEX and the Department of Banking and
Finance should conduct seminars that students can attend, learn and
understand more about budgeting. Seminars typically group meetings led
by an expert in certain field and topic and involve cooperative discussion,
multiple speakers and opportunities to share perspectives and issues
related to the topic according to Bernard Media. JFINEX and Department
of Banking and Finance should keep students in getting better learning and
skills on how to improve their budgeting skills and moreover be financial
literate. It will help them to better understand the subject which is
budgeting. Through also seminars they will able to interact with people that

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turn out to be helpful in their later life. Most of students can learn if they
heard it from the experts.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
TITLE PAGE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ii

DEDICATION ..

iii

ABSTRACT .

iv

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

xiv

LIST OF TABLES

xvi

LIST OF FIGURES .

xvii

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND ..

Introduction and Background of the Study

Theoretical Framework/Conceptual Framework ..
Statement of the Problem .
Hypothesis ...
Scope and Limitation .
Significance of the Study ..
Definition of Terms .

1
2
4
5
5
6
7

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES 8

Foreign Literature
Local Literature
Foreign Studies
Local Studies

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Method Used .
Respondents of the Study .
Instrument Used ...
Validation of the Instrument
Data-Gathering Procedure .
Statistical Treatment of Data .

CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA ..

14

8
11
12
14

16
16
17
18
19
20
21

24

CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS ..

41

Summary of Findings ..
Conclusions ..
Recommendations ..

42
46
48

BIBLIOGRAPHY

50

APPENDIX ..

53

Survey Questionnaire .

54

CURRICULUM VITAE ..

59

ST OF TABLES
PAGE
1
2
3
4

Distribution of Students According on how they Budget

their Allowance .

25

Distribution of Students According to Where Most of their

Allowance goes

25

Distribution of Students According to Average Monthly

Allowance .

26

Distribution of Students According to their Source of

Allowance .

27

15

Distribution of Responses According to the Respondents

Profile Relative as to its Age .

28

Distribution of Responses According to the Respondents

Profile Relative as to its Sex ..

29

Distribution of Responses According to the Respondents

Profile Relative as to its Economic Status (Familys
Monthly Income) ..

29

Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation as to

Complexity that Exists in the way they Budget
Allowance .

30

Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation as to Faithful

Representation of Budgeting Allowance .

32

10 Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation as to Limiting

the Allocation of their Allowance ..

34

11 Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation as to Problems

Encountered in Budgeting Allowance ..

37

12 Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation as to

Possible Solutions for Problems Encountered in
Budgeting Allowance ..

39

6
7

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE
1

TITLE
Conceptual Framework

16

PAGE
3