Service Information System

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Systems Operation
966G Series II Wheel Loader and 972G Series II Wheel Loader Power Train
Media Number -RENR4386-05

Publication Date -01/05/2003

Date Updated -19/05/2003

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Sensors
SMCS - 1907; 1912; 301T; 3141; 3175
Sensors provide information to the power train electronic control module (ECM) about changing
conditions. The sensor signal changes proportionally to the changing conditions. The following type of
sensor signals are recognized by the power train ECM:

Frequency signals: The frequency (Hz) of the sensor signal varies as the condition changes.

Pulse width modulated signals (PWM): The duty cycle of the sensor signal varies as the condition
changes. The frequency of this signal is constant.

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Service Information System

Illustration 1
Pulse Width Modulated Signal

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Speed Sensors (Transmission, Engine, and Torque Converter

Output)

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Illustration 2
Speed Sensor

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There are two transmission speed sensors, one engine speed sensor, and one torque converter output
speed sensor on the machine. The speed sensors are inputs of the power train ECM. These speed sensors
are frequency sensors. Frequency sensors produce a signal (Hz) which varies as the condition changes.
The sensor generates an approximate sine wave signal from the gear teeth as the gear teeth pass the
sensor. The sensor produces a signal that equals one pulse per gear tooth. This signal is sent to the power
train ECM. The power train ECM measures the frequency of the signal in order to determine the speed
of the condition. The power train ECM receives signals from the speed sensors. The power train ECM
uses the input from the speed sensors in order to determine the speed of the system. The power train
ECM uses the input from the speed sensors in order to regulate transmission shifts. Each speed sensor
has two connections to the power train ECM (+ and -).
The power train ECM sends the speed information to other electronic control modules via the CAT Data
Link. For all of the speed sensors, connector contact 2 is the signal line and connector contact 1 is the
return line. Two intermediate speed sensors (if equipped) measure intermediate transmission speed. Two
transmission speed sensors measure transmission output speed. The power train ECM uses the pairs of
speed sensors to determine the direction of rotation.
Note: The speed sensors are used to diagnose each other during normal operation. The power train ECM
periodically checks the value from the speed sensor. If an incorrect value is found, the power train ECM
will log a service code that indicates a fault for a speed sensor circuit.
Reference: For more information on diagnostic operations for the power train electronic control system,
refer to Systems Operation, "Power Train Electronic Control System" for the machine that is being
serviced.
Reference: For more information on the CAT Data Link, refer to the Service Manual module Systems
Operation, "CAT Data Link" for the machine that is being serviced.
Reference: For more information on the power train electronic control module (ECM), refer to the

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Service Information System

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Service Manual module Systems Operation, "Electronic Control Module (Power Train)" for the machine
that is being serviced.

Temperature Sensor (Transmission Oil )

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Illustration 3
Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor

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The transmission oil temperature sensor is a pulse width modulated sensor (PWM). The duty cycle of
the sensor signal varies as the temperature changes. The frequency of the sensor signal is constant at
5000 Hz. The power train ECM measures transmission oil temperature with the transmission oil
temperature sensor. The power train ECM uses the oil temperature reading in order to adjust the shift
times of the transmission. The power train ECM adjusts the shift times of the transmission in order to
provide smooth shifts over the various ranges of the transmission oil temperature.
Reference: For more information on the operation of the machine, refer to the Service Manual module
Operation and Maintenance Manual for the machine that is being serviced.
Reference: For more information on the power train electronic control module (ECM), refer to the
Service Manual module Systems Operation, "Electronic Control Module (Power Train)" for the machine
that is being serviced.

Position Sensor (Left Pedal)

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Service Information System

Illustration 4
Position Sensor (Left Brake Pedal)

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The position sensor (left brake pedal) sends an input to the ECM. The sensor will continuously update
the power train ECM on the position of the left pedal. The left pedal position sends a change in the input
signal to the power train ECM. The ECM records the change of position. Then, the ECM activates the
appropriate solenoid valve.
The position sensor (left brake pedal) is a PWM sensor. The sensor continuously generates a PWM
signal. The duty cycle varies in proportion to the position of the lever. The ECM receives the PWM
signal from the position sensor. The ECM measures the duty cycle in order to determine the position of
the lever. The frequency of the sensor signal is constant at 5000 Hz. The machine electrical system
provides +battery voltage to the lever position sensor for operating power.

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