Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 507 A. Rectilinear Translation: 1. Horizontal motion —> 2. Vertical motion 1 Yy not given use g = 9.81 m/s or 32.2 ft a y 1 v If initial velocity, Vo = 0, itis said to be a free falling body, thus,508 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas B. Curvilinear translation: 1. Projectile or trajectory x Projectile has an equation that of a parabola. The general equation of a projectile is, ‘The vertical component of the velocity decreases as it goes up and is zero at maximum point of the projectile and increases as it goes down, while the horizontal component is constant. 2. Rotation woes ian) cu &e \s i eS io where: S, V and a are linear dimensions, 6,@and a are angular distance, velocity and acceleration, respectively. Also, C. D'Alembert’s Principle: When the body is subjected to an acceleration, there exists a force opposite the direction of the motion and equal to the product of mass and acceleration. This force is known as reverse effective force.Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 509 D. Centifugal force: F Elevation view Top View of the circular track Bid you know that... About 500 8.C., the Pythagorean Brotherhood was originally aware of the four regular polyhedrons and considered them to represent the four basic elements namely, tetrahedron - “fire’, octahedron ~ “air”, hexahedron ~ “earth”, icosahedron ~ “water". When the Pythagoreans learned the existence ofthe fifth regular polyhedron, dodecagon, they considered it to represent the fifth element - "universe"! Proceed to the next page for your 20” test. GOODLUCK ! =510 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Time elemeni 4.0 hours Problem 836: ME Board April 1996 What is the acceleration of a body that increases in velocity from 20 m/s tp 40 mis in 3 seconds? 5.00 mis? 6.67 mis 7.00 mis? 8.00 mis* JOm> Problem 837: ECE Board November 1998 How far does an automobile move while its speed increases uniformly from 15 kph to 45 kph in 20 seconds? A. 185m B. 167m C. 200m D. 172m Problem 836: CE Board November 1996 A train passing point A at a speed of 72 kph accelerates at 0.75 m/s” for one minute along a straight path then decelerates at 1.0 mis”. How far in km from point A will it be 2 minutes after passing point A? A. 3.60km B. 4.65km Cc. 6.49 km D. 7.30 km Problem 839: CE Board May 1996 From a speed of 75 kph, a car decelerates at the rate of 500 m/min® along a straight path. How far in meters will it travel in 45 seconds? 790.293 m 791.357 m 793,238 m 796.875 m oom>Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 511 Problem 840: CE Board November 1997 A train starting at initial velocity of 30 kph travels a distance of 21 km in 18 minutes. Determine the acceleration of the train at this instant. A. 0.0043 mis? B. 0.0206 mis? C. 0.0865 nvs? D. 0.3820 mis? Problem 841: EE Board October 1996 ‘An automobile moving at a constant velocity of a 15 m/sec passes a gasoline station. Two seconds later, another automobile leaves the gasoline station and accelerates at a constant rate of 2 m/sec”. How soon will the second automobile overtake the first? 15.3 sec 16.8 sec 13.5 seu 18.6 sec pop> Problem 842: EE Board October 1996 {fa particle position is given by the expression x(t) = 3.41° — 5.4t meters, what is the acceleration of the particle after t= 5 seconds? A. 1.02 mis? B. 102 mis* C. 3.4ms* D. 18.1 mis* Problem 843: ME Board October 1995 The distance a body travels is a function of time and is given by x(t) = 18t + 9t7 Find its velocity at t = 2. A 36 B. 54 Cc. 24 D. 20 Problem 844: CE Board May 1998 Determine the velocity of progress with the given equation: D = 20t + a when + t=4 seconds. 18.6 mis 19.8 mis, 21.2 mis 22.4 mis gop>512 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 845: ECE Board April 1999 A ball is dropped from a building 100 m high. if the mass of the ball is 10 gm after what time will the ball strike the earth? A. 4.528 B. 4425 C. 561s D. 245s Problem 846: ME Board April 1995, A ball is dropped from the roof of a building 40 meters tall will hit the ground with a velocity of: A. 50 m/sec B. 28 m/sec C. 19.8 m/sec D 30 misec Problem 847: ME Board April 1992 Using a powerful air gun, a steel ball is shot vertically upward with a velocity of 80 meters per second, followed by another shot after 5 seconds. Find the initial velocity of the second ball in order to meet the first ball 150 meters from the ground A. 65.3 misec B. 45.1 m/sec C. 56.2 msec D. 61.3 m/sec Problem 848: EE Board October 1995 ‘A ball is thrown vertically upward from the ground and a student gazing out of the window sees it moving upward pass him at 5 m/sec. The window is 10 m above the ground. How high does the ball go above the ground? A. 15.25m B. 14.87m c. 997m D. 11.30m Problem 849: EE Board October 1996 A ball is dropped from a height of 60 meters above the ground. How long does it take to hit the ground? A. 2.1sec B. 35sec Cc. 55sec D. 13secEngineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 513 Problem 850: ECE Board April 1998 ‘A baseball is thrown from a horizontal plane following a parabolic path with an initial velocity of 100 mvs at an angle of 30° above the horizontal. How far from the throwing point will the ball attain its original level? A. 890m B. 883m C. 880m D. 875m Problem 851: ME Board April 1991 A plane dropped a bomb at an elevation of 1000 meters from the ground intended to hit the target at an elevation of 200 meters from the ground. If the plane was flying at a velocity of 300 kmv/hr, at hat distance from the target must the bomb be dropped to hit the target. Wind velocity and atmospheric pressure to be disregarded A. 1024.2m B. 1055.6 m C. 1075.5m D. 1064.2m Problem 852: ME Board October 1997 The muzzle velocity of a projectile is 1500 fps and the distance of the target is 10 miles. The angle of elevation of the gun must be A. 21°59" B. 22°41" C. 24°33" D. 25°18" Problem 853: ME Board April 1995, ME Board October 1996 A shot is fired at an angle of 45° with the horizontal and @ velocity of 300 fps. Calculate, to the nearest value, the range of the projectile. A. 992 yards B. 1200 yards C. 3600 yards D. 4000 yards Problem 854: CE Board May 1995 A projectile leaves a velocity of 50 m/s at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Find the maximum height that it could reach. 31.86 m 31.28 m 30.63 m 30.12 m com>514 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 855: ME Board October 1997 A shot is fired with an angle of 45* with the horizontal with a velocity of 300 fs. Find the maximum height and range that the projectile can cover, respectively. A. 800 ft, 1600 ft B. 923 ft, 3500ft C. 700 ft, 2800 ft D. 1800 ft, 3000 ft Problem 856: CE Board November 1996 A ball is thrown from a tower 30 m high above the ground with a velocity of 300 mis directed at 20° from the horizontal. How long will the ball hit the ground? A. 2128 B. 222s C. 2328 D. 242s Problem 357: In the last 2 seconds of NBA finals featuring Chicago Bulls VS Utah Jazz, with the latter ahead by 2 points with the former at 94-92 count. Bulls Michael Jordan decides to shoot from a certain point on the rainbow territory which counts 3 points if converted. During the play, if Jordan releases the ball at 7 m from the basket and 2.15 m above the ground and an inclination of 40° with the horizontal and assuming no block was made by the opponents, at what velocity will the ball be given to cast the winning basket? The basket is 10 feet from the ground. 8.57 mis, 8.86 mis, 9.03 m/s 9.27 mis vpom> Problem 858: CE Board May 1995, A projectile is fired with a muzzle velocity of 300 mis from a gun aimed upward at an angle of 20° with the horizontal, from the top of a building 30 m high above a level ground, With what velocity will it hit the ground in m/s? A. 298 mis B. 299 m/s C. 300mis D. 301 mis Problem 859: CE Board May 1995 A stone is thrown upward at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. It lands 60 m measured horizontally and 2 m below measured vertically from its point of release. Determine the initial velocity of the stone in m/s. A. 22.35 mis B. 23.35 m/s C.” 24.35 misEngineering Mechanics (Dynamics) $15 D. 25.35 mis: Problem 860: CE Board November 1992 ‘A wooden block having a weight of 50 N is placed at a distance of 1.5 m from the center of a circular platform rotating at a speed of 2 radians per second. Determine the minimum coefficient of friction of the blocks so that it will not slide, Radius of the circular platform is 3 m. A 0.55 B. c. 0.61 D. Problem 861: ME Board October 1991 The flywheel of a puncher is to be brought to @ complete stop in 8 seconds from a speed of 60 revolutions per minute. Compute the number of tums the flywheel! will still make if its deceleration is uniform. f 5 tums 3 tums. 4 tums 6 tums pom> Problem 862: ECE Board April 1998 What is the speed of a synchronous earth's satellite situated 4.5 x 10” m from the earth? ‘A. 11,070.0 kph B. 12,000.0 kph C. 11,7774 kph D. 12,070.2 kph Problem 863: ECE Board November 1998 A rotating wheel has a radius of 2 feet and 6 inches. A point on the rim of the wheel moves 30 feet in 2 sec. Find the angular velocity of the wheel. A. 2radis B. 4rad/s C. Sradis D. 6rad/s Problem 864: CE Board November 1997 A turbine started from rest to 180 rpm in 6 minutes at a constant acceleration, Find the number of revolutions that it makes within the elapsed time. A. 500 B. 540 Cc. 650 D. 630516 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 865: A flywheel is 15 cm in diameter accelerates uniformly from rest to 500 rpm in 20 ‘seconds. What is its angular acceleration? A. 2.62 rad/s? B. 3.45 rad/s C. 3.95 rad/s? D. 4.42 rad/s* Problem 866: ME Board April 1991 A boy tied a 80 grams stone to a string which he rotated to form a circular motion with a diameter of 1000 mm. Compute for the pull exerted on the string by the stone if it got loose leaving at a velocity of 25 m/sec. A 120N B. 100 Cc. 150) D. 135N Problem 867: EE Board April 1997 ‘A man keeps a 1kg toy airplane flying horizontally in a circle by holding onto a 1.5 m long string attached to its wing tip. The string is always in the plane of the circular path. if the plane flies at 10 m/sec, find the tension in the string A. 28N B. 15N Cc. 67N D. 18N Problem 868: ME Board October 1996 An automobile travels on a perfectly horizontal, unbanked circular track of radius R. The coefficient of friction between the tires and track is 0.3. If the car's velocity is 15 m/s, what is the smallest radius it may travel without skidding? 684m 69.4 71.6m 76.5m pom> Problem 869: CE Board November 1998 ‘A hi-way curve has a super elevation of 7degrees. What is the radius of the ‘curve such that there will be no lateral pressure between the tires and the roadway at a speed of 40 mph? 265.71 m 438.34 m 345.34 m 330.78 m. pop>Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 517 Problem 870: ME Board April 1998 Traffic travels at 65 mi/hr around a banked highway curve with a radius of 3000 feet. What banking angle is necessary such that friction will not be required to resist the centrifugal force? Ava2 Sogs G, 54° D. 18° Problem 871: ECE Board April 1999 Determine the angle of the super elevation for a 200 m hi-way curve so that there will be no side thrust at a speed of 90 kph. A. 19.17" B. 17.67° Cc. 18.32° D. 20.117 Problem 872: ECE Board April 1998 The inclination of ascend of a road having a 8.25% grade is 472° 427° 5.12" 1.86° go@> Problem 873: ME Board April 1996 A cyclist on a circular track of radius r = 800 feet is traveling at 27 fps. His speed in the tangential direction increases at the rate of 3 fps*. What is the cyclist’s total acceleration? A. 28 fps? B. 3.1 fps? C. 3.8 fps? D. 4.2 fps” Problem 874: ME Board October 1997 A concrete hi-way curve with a radius of 500 ft is banked to give lateral pressure equivalent to f = 0.15. For what coefficient of friction will skidding impend for a speed A. y > 0.360 B. yu <0.310 C. pw >0310 D. » <0.360518 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas Problem 875: EE Board April 1993, What force is necessary to accelerate a 30,000 pounds railway electric car at the rate of 1.25 flsec’, if the force required to overcome frictional resistance is 400 pounds? ‘A. 1565 pounds 8. 1585 pounds C. 1595 pounds D. 1575 pounds Problem 876: ME Board October 1995 A car weighing 40 tons is switched to a 2 percent upgrade with a velocity of 30 mph. If the train resistance is 10 Ib/ton, how far up the grade will it go? A. 1124 fton slope B. 2014 fton slope C. 1204 ft on slope D. 1402 ft on slope Problem 877: EE Board April 1996 ‘Acar moving at 70 krvhr has a mass of 1700 kg. What force is necessary to decelerate it at a rate of 40 cm/s"? A. 4250N B. 0.68N C. 680N zs D. 42.5N Problem 878: ME Board April 1998 An elevator weighing 2,000 Ib attains an upward velocity of 16 fps in 4 seconds with uniform acceleration. What is the tension in the supporting cables? A. 2,150 Ib B. 2,495 Ib C. 1,950 Ib D. 2,250 Ib Problem 879: ME Board April 1998 A body weighing 40 Ib starts from rest and slides down a plane at an angle of 30° with the horizontal for which the coefficient of friction » = 0.30. How far will it move during the third second? 19.63 feet 19.33 feet 18.33 feet 19.99 feet gpom>Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 519 Problem 880: ME Board April 1997 A pick-up truck is traveling forward at 25 m/s. The bed is loaded with boxes whose coefficient of friction with the bed is 0.4. What is the shortest time that the truck can be brought to a stop such that the boxes do not shift? 235s 475s 5.458 6.375 pop> ANSWER KEY 848.0 860. 849.B 861. 850.B 862. 851 852. 853. 854, 855. 856. 857. 858. 859. RATING bey 38-45 Topnotcher [_] 27-37 Passer [J 22-25 conditional (2) o-2n Fatiea If FAILED, repeat the test. DOO>O>>00000 wO>00D>DD000 836. B 837.B 838. B 839. D 840. B 841.8 842. B 843. B 844. B 845.4 846. B 847.D520 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas SOLUTIONS TO TEST 20 Vo + at 20+ (3) .67 mis =15km ,1000m , thr Ed ..- 4 hr ™ thm ™ 3600sec ~ “767 see 1000 V=45 x e597 12-5 misec. V=Vo+ at 12.5 = 4.167 + a(20) 41665 mis S=Vot+ Lat? = 4.167(20) + 4 (0.416605)207 S = 167 m. px T2km thr, 1000m hr 60min sec Vo=20 m/sec Ss = Voli + pave = 20(60) + to 75)(60)* = 2550 m= 2.55 km. Vi = Vo + aty 0 + 0.75(60) = 65 m/sec S2=Vite- pa = 65(60) — FZ aneo? S2 = 2100 m = 2.1 km. Solving for total distance: S=S1+S2=2,55+2.1 S = 4.865 km | 839. Vox Z5km 100m thr b= hr km S=Vot- af nfo) S = 796.875 m5 30km ery 843. oe Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 521 thr 100m _ Sones Ae = 8.938 misec 8 =va+ Lat 21000 = 8.333[18(60)] —fatt 8(60)/? a= 0.0206 m/s” S:=15+30 oO [_ Overtaking point 82 Vat + Lab? i ee 1 2 > Vizi5 = Ofte) + > (2)te ge a= 0 te? mw @ Sy i 15 +30 i t?— 152-30 & i By quadratic formula: t= 18#V(15)? -4(0(-90) _ 1518.574 _ 20) 2 Take + sign, te = 16.8 seconds x= 3.4 5.4t Vv ba 3(3.4)t? 5.4 V=1020-5.4 av — = 20.4t = 20. a= = ROAt = 20.465) a= 102 mis* x= 18t+ 91? v=S%-18+18t= 18+ 1802) V= 54 mis D=201+ 5 t+ aD 5 5 ‘ = 2.204 =20-—" at (+P (449?$22 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas V=19.8 m/s FEEB note: since the ba was dropped, intial velocity of the balls zero, h=Vot + ; gt? 100=0+4 (0.8017 t= 4.52 seconds vi= Vo + 29h Vv? = 0 + 2(9.81)(40) V=28 mis ia ve 0 hy ij? = 2ghs (80) — 2(9.81)hy 62m Vy = Vo ats 8.1658 af ha=Vite+ Fats? 9262-150 = 0) + Leen? 6s Lh + te- 5 =8.155+6-5 &=9.1559 ha = Vata - Vos = 61.3 m/s VP =V.2—2gh 0= 6-20.81) h=13m, 10+h 10+1.3=11.3m, BEN = vas tor? 60=on-1 ean? t=35sEngineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 523 FEED cet: = range of the projectile 2 i Re vor sin2e Vo = 100, 9 _ (100)? sinf2(30°) ee 9.61 R= 883m. 08x y}= 808 2(83.33)* cos* 0° 1 x= 1064.2 m - 800 = x tan 0° ~ Po R Vo? sin20 9 2 10(6280) = eee oe 0 = 24.54° = 24° (0.54)(60)' 0 = 24°32. _ Vo" sin20 9g = (300)? sin[2(45°) dyd _ ae 2795 ftx 2 = 931.66 yd. R= 932 yd. R Ea Let: H = maximum height pe Morsin?o 29, = (60)*(sin30°P 219.81) H= 31.86 m524 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas = (300)?(sin45°? 2(32.2) H= 699 ft. ES v-v,- 0 = 300 sin 20° - 9.81t; t1= 10.46 sec, v 30 + 536.595 = fos? te = 10.747 sec. Total,time = ty + tg = 10.46 + 10.747 = 21.2 sec. EZ Let: t = total time (t) of the flight x=Vocos Ot 7 = Vo cos 40° t 9.14 —— we @ Cs V= Voy = gtr V=Vosin@-aty 0=Vo sin 40°- 9.81t; 4=0.066Vo =O Vo? sin? eee Vp” sin? 40° ~~ 26.81) H= 0.021 Vo" 9.81 he Fot= aS = 0.45 vhEE Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 525 h=H-09 .021 Vor - 0.9 }45 0.021V," -0.9 zw uth 2.14 _ 0.066Vo +0.45y/0.021Vp? -0.9 9.14 = 0.0666 Vc? + 0.45 Vo 0.021V. -0.9 9.14 - 0.0666 Vo? = 0.45 Vo ¥0.021V,” -0.9 Square both sides: 83.54 — 1.206 Vo" + 0.004 Vo" .2025V5" (0.021Vo" — 0.9) .004Vo" ~ 0, 18225Ve" 83.84 — 1.206 Vc? = - 0.18225Vo" 1.02375 Vo" = 83.54 Yo ~ 9.03 nvs Vi? = Voy? - 2gH 0 = (300 sin 20°)? - 2(8.81)h H = 536.59 m. Vay? = Vi? + 2g(30 + h) 0+2(9.81)(30 + 636.59), oe “Vo Meo 20° Voy = 105.43 mis, Va= [Vou + WayP = (281.9) + (105.437 V2 = 301 m/s oe 2No" cos? 0 (9.81)(60) 2V" cos? 30° y=xtan 0- -2= 60 tan 30° Vo = 25.35 m/s =ro 1.52) V=3mis526 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas 2 2 Fe = WV? ._50(3) gr 9.81.5) Fe = 30.58 ae 0= (1) -2(0.125)8 © = 4 rev. or 4 tums Ea Vero trev (2nrad/_hr Eel rev 3600s V = (4.5 x 10 m)(7.27 x 10° rad/s) v= 3271.5m,_tkm_ 36008 s1000m thr V= 11,7774 kph = 7.27x10" rad/s, =2+ Se r 7772S fest EEN w= aptat 180 =0+ (6) a= 30 revimin® 0? = @? + 2a0 (180)? = 0 + 2(30)8 0 = 540 rev.Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) 527 2.36 rad/s +a(20) a= 2.62 rad/sec” Ea -.- (eee = 0.08(25)? 05 Fo =100N EEG Note: The force exerted by the string is equal to the centrifugal force Fe NE _ mv? ge NE VE ar = X19)? 15 Fc = 68.67 N, approximately 67 N be =F =O Fo=F=yN EFy=0 New Fo=yW 2 r= or wv? We uw or = (15? 035 ~~ 98tr r= 76.5m. 40mi, 5280f 1m thr x x x hr” imi" 3.281f 3600s 2 tan 9 = or = 17.88 mis = (17.88)? | tan = ear = 265.41 m528 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas 65mi, thr, 5260f hr" 3600sec” mi 2 tang =v or (95.33)? 32.2(3000) 0=5.4° 95.33 fs tane= = 0.094 90km thr 1000m x x Ma hr “6008ec* thm 70m 2 tan = oF tano=—25)"_- 3185 9.81200) 0-17.67" oe es Ba ab: = 88 ft/s tan 6 = 0.25 0=8.53° 2 tan 0 +4) = oF 2 8.53" + @= tan? C8) _ = 32.2(600) $= 17.16 fan $= tan 17.16” 309, thus the coefficient of friction is less than 0.310Engineering Mechanics (Dynamics) $29 Bia Fi-0 P=REF+F p= Wasr zB 9 30,000 32.2 (1.25) + 400 = 1556 Ibs. Bo REF =F +Wsino Waar +wsino AOE 10(40) + 40(2000) sin 1.146° a= 0.8049 fi's* V? = Vo? = 2aS (44)? — 2(0.8049)S. 203 fi Note: The nearest value from the choices is 1,204 ft. SF =0 —>-a F=REF F=Woema 9 REF —> a F = 1700 (0.4) = 680 N EZ Vo + at : +a +a(4) T i fs ZFy =0 T=W+REF T=W+ We |530 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics by Tiong & Rojas 2000 T=2000 + 2000, 2000 + (4) T = 2248.4 Ibs. Note: The nearest value from the choices is 2250 Ibs. EFinaines = 0 Wsin@ = REF +F w Wsind ge +N Position of the Win o= Wa + u W cos 0) ale : sin 30° = 52+ 0.3 cos 30 a= 7.734 fus* Let. V - velucily after 2 sevonids: = distance traveled in the third second. with reference from the position at > Position of the body after 3 s. the end of 2 seconds. V=Vo+ at V=0+7.734(2) = 15.468 fs =Vi+ tat S=Vt sat $= 15.468(1) + Fer.roay9? S= 19.338 By=0 F=REF