Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
By
Farhan Ahmad
Chapter 8
HEAT CONDUCTION
Note:
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Property of material through which the heat is conducted
Units: W/m/K
Materials
Thermal conductivity
Hydrogen @ 100K
0.067
Water @ 293K
0.600
83.70
Aluminum
206.0
Insulating materials have low k
Materials
Thermal conductivity
Glass @ 298K
1.00
Brick @ 293K
0.6 1.00
0.07
Chapter 9
In this chapter .
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
SHELL BALANCE
PROCEDURE OF TRANSPORT PHENOMENA ANALYSIS
Rate of Rate of
Rate of Production
Accumulation
of
Energy
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Temperature may be specified at the surface. This is called
flux across the thin film surrounding the object. BC of the third
kind (Robin BC).
At the interface between the two domains, the temperatures and
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form
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length L
Sv = - xz(dvz/dx) = (dvz/dx)2
vz = (x/b) V
So
Sv = (V/b)2
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qx = x(V/b)2 + C1
Substitute Fourier law of heat conduction
-k dT/dx = x(V/b)2 + C1
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(i)
(ii)
(iii)
flow
flow
flow
of
of
of
molten
lubricant
polymers
highly
viscous
between
through
fluids
in
rapidly
dies
in
moving
high-speed
high-speed
parts,
extrusion,
viscometers,
and
(iv) flow of air in the boundary layer near an earth satellite or rocket during reentry
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three zones:
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is divided into
terms:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Here we have assumed that we can use the same value of the
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Boundary conditions
Z = z/L
= (T To ) / (T1 To)
B = 1v1CpL / kz,eff
N = Sc1L / 1v1Cp (T1 To)
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I = c1 + c2eBZ
II = c3em3Z + c4em4Z
III = c5 + c6eBZ
In which
m3 = 1/2 B(1 (1 (4N/B))1/2)
m3 = 1/2 B(1 + (1 (4N/B))1/2)
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Problem Statement
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1. Film coefficient
ho
2. Thermal conductivity
k01
3. Thermal conductivity
k12
4. Thermal conductivity
k23
5. Film coefficient
h3
Energy in
+
Energy out
+
Energy production
=
Zero
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Energy Balance
x approaches to zero
Integration gives
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Addition gives
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Temperature Profile
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and
the
ambient
temperature is Ta.
B << L
B << W
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air
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Boundary conditions
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Dimensionless quantities
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effectiveness
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Forced Convection
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Forced Convection
Steady state forced convection
A viscous fluid with constant physical
properties ( , , k, Cp )
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terms:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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energy in by conduction at r
energy out by conduction at r+r
energy in by conduction at z
energy out by conduction at z+z
energy in by flow at z
energy out by flow at z+z
energy in by conduction at r
(qr)r . 2rz
energy out by conduction at r+r
(qr)r+r . 2rz
energy in by conduction at z
(qz)z . 2rr
energy out by conduction at z+z
(qz)z+z . 2rr
energy in by flow at z
Cpvz(T T0)z . 2rr
energy out by flow at z+z
Cpvz(T T0)z+z . 2rr
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Other quantities
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Free Convection
Steady state free convection
A viscous fluid with constant physical
properties ( , , k, Cp )
Laminar flow in 2 vertical plates
T1 = cooled wall temperature
T2 = heated wall temperature
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Velocity distribution
Average velocity
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