Combustibility

LPG has been widely used in the taxicabs because it is economically efficient
than gasoline and other fuels. Though there is a slight difference in their power
output, taxi cab drivers prefer lpg as a source of fuel since taxi cabs doesnt need
much power to fuel their taxi cabs in cities where traffic is a concerned. However,
LPG power ouput can increase by adding di-methyl ether (DME) to the fuel
composition of lpg (Bae,C , et al ,2010) http://papers.sae.org/2010-01-0336/ . According
to www.epa.gov, there are three grades of LPG available as heating fuels:
commercial-grade propane, engine fuel-grade propane (also known as HD-5
propane), and commercial-grade butane. These three grades of lpg have different
combustibility, in order to describe how lpg is being combusted, the general
chemically balance equation in combusting an lpg is:

Propane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Heat

(C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + Heat)

In the presence of sufficient oxygen, LPG burns to form water vapour and
carbon dioxide, as well as heat.
Propane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Heat
(C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + Heat)
(http://www.elgas.com.au/blog/453-the-science-a-properties-of-lpg)
In recent research the lower flammability limit of a LPG-air mixture is found to
be 1.81 % and the upper limit of lpg mixture is 8.86 % (An experimental study of
flammability limits of LPG/air mixtures, D.P. Mishra and A. Rahman, wala kokahebaw
saun pag cite kay wala ko kitas year when na published, kay abstract rani nako g
kuha. ).

The liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is generally considered to be eco-friendly viable fuel not only
in domestic sector but also for transport sector.
The inhibition of LPGair premixed flames is a very important practical problem that has
received relatively little attention. This paper is concerned with experimental determination of
the flammability limits of LPGair mixture. The standard procedure suggested by US Bureau of
mines has been adopted for the present studies for determining the flammability limit of LPGair
mixture. The lower flammability limit (LFL) is found to be 1.81% and upper flammability limit
(UFL) is 8.86% of LPG for upward propagation of flame. Whereas, for downward propagation of
flame, the LFL and UFL are 1.87 and 7.69% of LPG, respectively. The nitrogen dilution effects
on the flammability limits have been explored, which is presented on a flammability limit plot. It
is believed that these data will be very useful for developing fire extinguishers and other
combustion devices.

Liquefied petroleum gas consists of propane, propylene, butane, and butylenes.

There are three grades of LPG available as heating fuels: commercial-grade
propane, engine fuel-grade propane (also known as HD-5 propane), and
commercial-grade butane
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG or LP-gas) consists of propane, propylene, butane, and
butylenes; the product used for domestic heating is composed primarily of propane.
This gas, obtained mostly from gas wells (but also, to a lesser extent, as a refinery
by-product) is stored as a liquid under moderate pressures. There are three grades
of LPG available as heating fuels: commercial-grade propane, engine fuel-grade
propane (also known as HD-5 propane), and commercial-grade butane. In addition,
there are high-purity grades of LPG available for laboratory work and for use as
aerosol propellants. Specifications for the various LPG grades are available from the
American Society for Testing and Materials and the Gas Processors Association. A
typical heating value for commercialgrade propane and HD-5 propane is 90,500
British thermal units per gallon (Btu/gal), after vaporization; for commercial lgrade butane, the value is 97,400 Btu/gal.
(http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch01/final/c01s05.pdf)
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