DOCUMENTATION FOR

LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURES
Formulation and checking of Structural
Documentation
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Layout
Contents:

Layout and readability

Management of the structural documentation

Document identification

Document register

The use of IKT tools and digital models

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Layout and readability What is expected

Availability: all pages are dated, referred, version managed

Well structured: well-arranged, list of contents, page numbering, one

subject at a time, etc.

Readability: easy to read, one language per document, free of

spelling errors, uniform typography, etc.

Unambiguous: well-defined symbols, understandable explanations,

clear conclusions.

Consistent: continuity, no contradictory statements, etc.

Complete: all structures and conditions are covered, etc.

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Layout and readability Good mnemonic rules

Commence with a good list of contents with numbered chapters, items

and appendices.

All structural parts are designated unambigiously and individually in

both text, drawings and building models (eg. beam B023)

All concepts and designations (eg. FNd,n: Normal force to part n) shall
be defined the first time it is used and always be succeeded by SI units
(eg. [kN])

Use plenty of sketches, illustrations, drawings and explainatory text;

they further the understanding

Use plenty of tables and charts; they further the general view
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Layout and readability Good mnemonic rules

All sketches, illustrations, drawings, tables and charts shall be

unambiguous; it promotes readability and references ( eg. Draft K17.1
or Table 7.4)

No numbers or formulas without a reference source. this to either

previous use in the documents or to literature (eg. cf. (Jensen, 2008)
p.36). Source references may be omitted for formulas, etc. from codes,
as they are expected to be widely known.

Name formulas clearly; this makes later references much easier (eg.
(8.02))

Finalise each subject with a clear conclusion, making it clearly

understandable whether conditions are in order or not (ie.: MEd MRd)
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Layout and readability Good mnemonic rules

Large quantities of data and long listings shall be placed in appendices;

this promotes focus on the important issues and makes it easier to
create an overview. In the structural calculations, a summary is made
and the results of large model calculations are shown ie. in either
graphic or schematic layout. Include only critical loads, give the reader
a summary and refer to appendices for details.

Place reference lists in the Design Basis; it makes for easier

referencing, save repetitions and utilise a standard form of reference.

All good expectations and mnemonic rules as stated above are also
valid for preliminary documents or temporary calculations, partly
because you yourself or another shall be in a position to continue
working with the calculations at a later date, partly because it may
later prove useful to refer to them.
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Layout and readability - Languages

The Static Documentation shall be written in Danish.
Structural calculations, Construction Drawings and models as well as the
Design Checking Report may, however, be elaborated in English, cf. BR10
(Erhvervs- og byggestyrelsen, 2010).
One cannot expect other parts of the Static Documentation to be
processed by the Danish authorities if they are in any other language than
Danish.

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Document management
The structural documentation shall be handled unambigously during all
phases, so as not to cause any doubts regarding:

What does it concern

When it is valid

Who has prepared it

etc.
The Static Documentation must ensure that anyone reading the
documents, and who are unfamiliar with the project, will be placed in a
position where they can understand its content, status, etc., both as a
whole and for the individual documents.

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Document management
Status of each individual document must be immediately apparent and
clear from the document itself. Any document must have one of the
following denominations, cf. DS/EN ISO 11442 (Dansk Standard, 2006b):

In preparation

In review

Approved

Released

Replaced

Withdrawn
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Document management
The status of the document ties in with the phase in which is in. The
phases are as follows:

Preparation phase

Approval phase

Issuing phase

Active phase

Review phase

Archive phase
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Document management

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Document management
When a persons name is added to a document, the person in question must have
carried out one of the following activities:

Prepare: the person has prepared the document or has, as a minimum, had an
active, predominant role. Technical colleagues may have supported the
preparation.

Review: the person has checked the document to the level required or has, as
a minimum, had an active, predominant role. As for level of checking, cf.
Section 6.3. Technical colleagues may have supported the review. A checking
signature may result in a elaborated checking report by the checker.

Approve: the person is aware of the contents of the document and that it has
been prepared and reviewed in accordance with what is agreed on. A person
may approve only documents prepared by their own organisation.
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Document identification

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Document register
The document register shall, as a minimum, comprise the
following information about the documents:

ID

Title

Publisher

Date

Version

Replaces (if applicable)

Revision (if applicable)

Revision date (if applicable)

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Regneark

Symbolske
beregninger

Specialiseret
program

Modellerings-/
simuleringsprogram

IKT tools

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IKT tools

Modelling and simulation tools in which a conceptual model of the

structure is made and calculated, eg. Finite Element Method programs (FEM)
and Computational Fluid Dynamics programs (CFD), including any postprocesing programs/tools.

Specialised programs for the calculations of defined structural types, and

printing output (ie. programs for dimensioning of concrete beams or similar).

Calculation tools with symbolic calculation facilities and integrated

facilities for documentation and management, eg. programs in which you
work directly in the calculation documentation corresponding to the required
output (ie. MathCad).

Spread sheets for systematisation of relatively simple calculation and data

handling tasks or for schematically layout of results. (ie. Excel)
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