DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1

Prepared by: Prof. Cantonjos

A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed,
managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content:
bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

Components of Database System

DATA
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
USER

Advantages
ECONOMY OF SCALE - The concentration of applications in one location
allows for the possibility of smaller numbers of larger and more powerful
computers, which usually results in an economy of scale. The same economy
of scale may be realized by the concentration of technical expertise. In
general, economy of scale refers to the fact that the collective cost of several
combined operations may be less than the sum of the cost of the individual
operations.
GETTING MORE INFORMATION FROM SAME AMOUNT OF DATA The primary
goal of a computer system is to form data (recorded facts) into information
gain by processing these facts.
SHARING OF DATA The data can be stored among authorized users, allowing
users access to more of the data.
BALANCING CONFLICTING REQUIREMENT For the database approach to
function adequately, there must be a person or a group within the
organization in charge of the database itself. This group is often Database
Administration (DBA).
ENFORCEMENT OF STANDARDS With the central control mentioned in the
previous paragraph, DBA can ensure that standards for such things as data
names, usages & formals are followed uniformly throughout the organization.
CONTROLLED REDUNDANCY In the database approach since there is only
one occurrence of each faculty member, this redundancy is eliminated.
INTEGRITY An integrity constraints in a rule that data in the databases must
follow. A database satisfies all integrity constraints that have been
established.
Note:
Integrity accuracy of encode
SECURITY Security is the prevention of access to the database by
unauthorized users.
Incription transformation of program into different meaning

 FLEXIBILITY AND RESPONSIVENESS The flexibility furnished by the DBMS to

locate and access data in a number of different ways aids programmers in
developing new programs to satisfy user requests.
INCREASED PROGRAMMER PRODUCTIVITY studies have shown that on the
coverage they will be two to four times more productive (i.e. a new
application can be developed in one quarter to one half of the time it would
take if it were straight file oriented approach. )
IMPROVED PROGRAM MAINTENANCE Many changes to the structure of the
data itself may not require maintenance to existing application programs.

DATA INDEPENDENCE Without such independence, changes to the database

structure to improve performance are to meet changing corporate
requirements become very complex. Data independence occurs when the
structure of the database can change without requiring the programs that
access the database to change.

ACTIVITY #1

Names: ________________________________________
Overview
This lab will introduce you to database concepts using MicroSoft Access.
Run MS Access
Under Start -- Programs, choose MS Access.
Create a UNIVERSITY Database
Choose "Create a new database using Blank Access database" - click OK
Save it on the desktop with the name "UNIVERSITY.mdb"
Create DEPARTMENT table
Double-click on "Create table in Design view"
Fill in the following fields and types to create the table:
FIELD NAME
DEPT ID
DEPT NAME
BUILDING
PHONE

DATA TYPE
TEXT
TEXT
TEXT
TEXT

Choose the DEPT ID as primary key

o right click on the row and choose "Primary key"
Save the table (click on the save icon)
name it "DEPARTMENT"
Enter data into DEPARTMENT table
From the Window menu, choose "University:Database" to view choices
Double-click on "DEPARTMENT"
Fill in the following data, using tab to move from one cell to the next
DEPT ID

DEPT NAME

BUILDING

PHONE

CSC

COMPUTER SCIENCE

TYLER

874-2701

MTH

MATH

TYLER

874-2809

PHY

PHYSICS

PASTORE

874-2232

ENG

ENGLISH

INDEPENDENCE

874-3202

BIO

BIOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

874-4330

Save the table by clicking on the save icon

Have one of the lab instructors (professor or TA) initial your paper here when you
have completed this part of the lab:
___________________________
Source:
http://homepage.cs.uri.edu/courses/fall2005/csc110s1/labs/lab12.html