Chapter 1

A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Cockroaches are insects of the order Blattaria of Blattodea, of which about 30
species out of 4500 total are associated with human habitations. About four species are
well known as pests. Cockroaches are one of the oldest groups of insects, indicating
how successful they have been in adapting to changes in their environments. One of
the reasons for this success may be related to diet; they are scavengers and will eat
anything organic. They prefer food sources such as starches, sweets, grease, and meat
products, but other items may include cheese, beer, leather, glue, hair, and starch in
book binding, flakes of dried skin of decaying organic matter (plant or animal).
Cockroaches is one of the most commonly noted pests insects due to their
population. Cockroaches are also the hardiest insects on the planet because they have
a capability to stay alive for a month without food.
This study uses chili, calamansi, and malunggay extract to control the
cockroaches in the house. The extract from the chili have an active component called
capsaicin which an irritant for mammals, including human, and produces a sensation of
burning in any tissue with which it comes into contact. Calamansi or Calamondin
belongs to the fruit tree family Rutaceae. The fruit of the Calamansi is small, round
lime, a little bigger than size of a thumbnail, about 30 mm (an inch) in diameter. Similar
to other citrus fruits, the calamansi is high in vitamin C, and the juice can be an
excellent vitamin basis. The lively ingredient D-Limonene destroys the wax coating of
the

insects

respiratory

system.

Malunggay,

known

scientifically

as

MoringaoleiferaLamk, is one of the worlds most useful plants. It is used as food,

effective flocculants or water treatment, antibiotic, source of oil, and coagulant for turbid
waters. It has an active component called Rubeacient. Rubefacient is a substance for
external application that produces a redness of the skin by causing dilation of
capillaries and increase blood circulation.

B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the components does the chili,calamansi and malunggay have that
kills cockroaches?
2. How does the number of spray of the extract affect the number of die
cockroaches?
3. Is there any significant difference between the Chili, Calamansi and
Malunggay extract and commercialized pesticide?

HYPOTHESIS
HO:
There is no significant difference between the effect of the prepared product and
commercialized product.
HA:
There is a significant difference between the effect of the prepared product and
commercialized product.

C. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Many people will surely benefit from this study not only because it is cheaper
than commercial one but also it has Medical values and the health risks are lesser. Big
production of these products will enable more Filipinos to lessen their expenses with
regards to chemical insecticide products. Compared to commercialized products, this
product dont affect ones health and can be apply to the cockroaches even without
using masks for respiratory protection. The materials needed for this project can be
easily found within the kitchen or even in the surrounding.

D. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study focused only on developing of the extracts of chili, calamansi and
malunggay for terminating cockroaches. It also study some extracts/oil to enhance the
effectiveness of the insecticide. Tests were conducted using the chili, calamansi and
malunggay extract product to prove the ability of this setup as an effective cockroach
killer. Only cockroaches were used to prove this product and not yet tested to other
insects.

Chapter 2
3

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Chili scientifically known as capsicum annuum is which is spelled differently

in many regions chilli, chile, and chilli. The term chilli in most of the world refers
exclusively to the smaller hot types of capsicum. It is a hot pepper. Even though chilis
maybe though as vegetable, their culinary usage is, a generally spice, the part of the
plant that is usually harvested is the fruit. Researchers used capsicum from chilies to
kill the nerve cells in the pancreas of mice. And Chili also contains hotness which can
kill cockroaches.
Citrofortunellamicrocarpa, the calamondin or calamansi, is a fruit tree in the
family Rutaceae native Asia. Calamansi, belong to the fruit tree family Rutaceae. The
fruit of the Calamansi is a small, round lime, a little bigger than size of a thumbnail,
about 30 mm (an inch) in diameter. Similar to other citrus fruits, the calamansi is high
in vitamin C, and the juice can be an excellent vitamin basis. The lively ingredient DLimonene destroys the wax coating of the insects respiratory system.
Calamansi is a smooth and slightly spiny plant, growing to height of 3 to 5
meters. Leaflets are elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 4 to 8 cm long. Petioles are narrowly and
scarcely winged, about a cm long. Flowers are axillary, solitary, rarely in pairs, white,
and short-stalked. Fruit is yellow when ripe, nearly spherical, 2 to 3.5 cm diameter, 6- to
7-celled, and thin-skinned. The skin or peel is green to yellowish green and yellow,
loosely adhering to the flesh. The flesh contains a few light orange seeds.
The forum from beemaster.com shows that calamansi juice can kill varroa mite.
Varroa mites are external parasites of the bees. The mites, which are about the size of a
4

pinhead, use specialized mouthparts to attack developing bee larvae. The Varroa Mite is
a parasitic mite that can cause serious trouble to beekeepers and their bees alike.

Malunggay, known scientifically as MoringaoleiferaLamk, is one of the world's

most useful plants. It is used as food, effective flocculants or water treatment, antibiotic,
source of oil, and coagulant for turbid waters. It has an active component called
Rubefacient. Rubefacient is a substance for external application that produces a
redness of the skin by causing dilation of capillaries and increase blood circulation.
Salt, also known as table salt, or rock salt, is a mineral that is composed
primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class
of ionic salts. It is essential for animal life in small quantities, but is harmful to animals
and plants in excess. Salt is one of the oldest, most ubiquitous food seasonings and
salting is an important method of food preservation. In chemistry, salts are ionic
compounds that results from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are
composed of cat ions (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the
product is electrically neutral (without a net charge). These component ions can be
inorganic such as chloride (Cl-), as well as organic such as acetate (CH3COO-) and
monatomic ions such as fluoride (F-), as well as polyatomic ions such as sulfate
(SO42-).
Cockroaches are one of the oldest groups of insects, indicating how
successful they have been in adapting to changes in their environments. One reason for
this success may be related to diet; they are scavengers and will eat anything organic.
They prefer food sources such as starches, sweets, grease and meat products, but
5

other items may include cheese, beer, leather, glue, hair, and starch in book binding,
flakes of dried skin of decaying organic matter (plant or animal).
Cockroaches are attracted to warm, moist environments. They spend the
daylight hours in dark, secluded sites under refrigerators, stoves, false bottoms in
kitchen cabinets, in the backs of cabinets and in crevices between baseboards and
floors or cabinets and walls. They may also be found behind pictures or within electronic
equipment. A number of these openings will ultimately lead to voids in the stud walls.
The insects leave these sites at night to forage for food and water. The presence of
cockroaches during the day may indicate a large population.
c

Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
A. Materials
In performing this experiment, the researcher needed the following:
* 5 ml of Calamansi extract
* 30 pieces Of Chili
* 4 ml of Malunggay extract
* 1 teaspoon of table salt
Getting the extracts are possible by using the following materials:
*Small basin and Wood
*Knife
*Measuring cup
*Plastic Container
*Cloth

*Spray bottle
B. Procedures

The researchers prepared all the ingredients needed in this study so they can
now begin the experiment. In extracting calamansi, the researchers squeezed the sliced
calamansi fruit into a plastic container and gets the desired amount of the extracted
calamansi. And also in extracting malunggay with table salt, the researchers did the
same method but he crushed the malunggay with table salt in the basin using wood first
and then squeezed it until the measurement reached. The researchers pounded the
chili in a plastic container. The researchers mix all the extracts and the pounded chili.
7

Then, the researchers used cloth to remove the seeds and the small pieces in the
mixed product. The researchers poured the finished product into the sprayer and apply
as insecticide.
C. Application
To determine the effect of chili, calamansi and malunggay extract for
cockroach killing, place 2 water container with 3 cockroaches each inside. Spray
directly the chili, calamansi and malunggay extract at the first and second container.
MATERIALS/ EQUIPMENTS

Chili
Calamansi
Malunggay

Spray Bottle

Plastic Container

Measuring Cup

Knife
Cloth

Mortar and Pestle

MAKING THE PRODUCT

8

T
E

S
TING (FOR PREPARED PRODUCT ONLY)

PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Findings
This shows the investigation of chili, calamansi and malunggay as pesticide. The data
was shown in tabular form.
Table 1: Cockroach tested with chili, calamansi and malunggay product.
Number of

Number of

Number of

times spray

cockroach

cockroach

killed
3

Time Killed

3 minutes

In the first table, the 3 cockroaches were sprayed 8 times of the chili, calamansi and
malunggay product and died succeeding in about 3 minutes.
Table 2: Cockroach tested with commercial insecticide.
Number of

Number of

Number of

times spray

cockroach

cockroach

killed
3

Time Killed

20 seconds

In the second table, the 3 cockroaches were sprayed 2 times of the commercial
insecticide. The cockroach died 20 seconds after it has sprayed.

Analysis of Data
The Chili, Calamansi and Malunggay as cockroach killer is effective but the commercial
insecticide is more effective.

Chapter 4
10

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion
Therefore, the Chili, Calamansi and Malunggay extract as cockroach killer is
effective and feasible in making insecticide.

Recommendations
The researchers recommended another researcher to try applying the insecticide in
different insects.

11

Bibliography

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockroach
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicin
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamondin
malunggayherbtea.com/index.php?option=com_content&
;view=article&id=56:malunggay-is-miracle-vegetable&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=65
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubefacienten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limonene

http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/insect/05553.html
Cornwell, P.B. 1968. The Cockroach. Volume I. Hutchinson, London, 391 pp.
Cornwell, P.B. 1976. The Cockroach. Volume II. Hutchinson, London, 557 pp.
Roth, L.L., and E.R. Willis. 1957. The medical and veterinary importance of

cockroaches. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection 134(10): 1-147.

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