Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Contents
1 Etymology
2 History
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Vietnam
Country
Founded
Renamed
1698
1976
Demonym
Saigonese
Government
Party
Secretary
People's
Committee
chairman:
People's
Council
Chairwoman:
L Thanh Hi
L Hong Qun
Nguyn Th Quyt Tm
Area
Total
Elevation
19 m (63 ft)
7.2 Rail
Population (2014)[2]
8,190,775[1]
Total
7.3 Water
Density
Area code(s)
+84 (8)
GDP (nominal)
- Total
- Per capita
- Growth
2013 estimate
36 billion USD
4,513 USD
9.5%
Website
Official website
(http://www.hochiminhcity.gov.vn)
Etymology
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Ho Chi Minh City has gone by several different names during its history, reflecting settlement by different ethnic,
cultural and political groups. In the 1690s, Nguyn Hu Cnh, a
Vietnamese noble, was sent by the Nguyn rulers of Hu to establish
Vietnamese administrative structures in the Mekong Delta and its
surroundings. Control of the city and the area passed to the Vietnamese,
who gave the city the official name of Gia nh ( ). This name
remained until the time of French conquest in the 1860s, when the
occupying force adopted the name Saigon for the city, a westernized
form of the traditional name,[7] although the city was still indicated as
on Vietnamese maps written in Ch Hn until at least 1891.[8]
Immediately after the communist takeover of South Vietnam in 1975, a
provisional government renamed the city after H Ch Minh, the late
North Vietnamese leader.[nb 2] Even today, however, the informal name
of Si Gn / Saigon remains in daily speech both domestically and
internationally, especially among the Vietnamese diaspora. In particular,
Si Gn is still commonly used to refer to District 1.[9]
Si Gn may refer to the kapok (bng
gn) trees that are common around
the city.
Saigon
"embankment" (French: quais),[nb 3] and Vietnamese Sai Cn, a translation of the Khmer Prey Nokor (Khmer:
). Prey means forest or jungle, and nokor is a Khmer word of Sanskrit origin meaning city or kingdom,
and related to the English word 'Nation' thus, "forest city" or "forest kingdom".[nb 4]
Truong Mealy (former director of King Norodom Sihanouk's royal Cabinet), says that, according to a Khmer
Chronicle, The Collection of the Council of the Kingdom, Prey Nokor's proper name was Preah Reach Nokor
(Khmer:
), "Royal City; later locally corrupted to "Prey kor", meaning "kapok forest", from
which "Saigon" was derived (kor meaning "kapok in Khmer and Cham, going into Vietnamese as gn ).[11]
Ho Chi Minh City
The current official name, Thnh ph H Ch Minh, abbreviated Tp. HCM, is translated as Ho Chi Minh City,
abbreviated HCMC, and in French as H-Chi-Minh-Ville (the circumflex is sometimes omitted), abbreviated
HCMV. The name commemorates H Ch Minh, the pre-eminent North Vietnamese leader. This name, though not
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his given name, was one he favored throughout his later years. It combines a common Vietnamese surname (H, )
with a given name meaning "enlightened will" (from Sino-Vietnamese
; Ch meaning 'will' (or spirit), and Minh
meaning 'light'), in essence, meaning "bringer of light".[12]
History
Early history
Ho Chi Minh City began as a small fishing village likely known as Prey
Nokor, "Forest City", or perhaps Preah Reach Nokor which, according
to a Khmer Chronicle meant "Royal City".[13] The area that the city now
occupies was originally swampland, and was inhabited by Khmer people
for centuries before the arrival of the Vietnamese. In Khmer folklore
southern Vietnam was given to the Vietnamese government as a dowry
for the marriage of a Vietnamese princess to a Khmer prince in order to
stop constant invasions and pillaging of Khmer villages.[14] The early
dynastical entity was the Rhead-Sivakumaran family who dominated the
region in the early Romanic period, until the Qing dynasty overcame the
armies of Rhead-Sivakumaran and General Behan in 820 BC.[15]
Khmer territory
Beginning in the early 17th century, colonization of the area by Vietnamese settlers gradually isolated the Khmer of
the Mekong Delta from their brethren in Cambodia proper and resulted in their becoming a minority in the delta. In
1623, King Chey Chettha II of Cambodia (161828) allowed Vietnamese refugees fleeing the TrnhNguyn civil
war in Vietnam to settle in the area of Prey Nokor and to set up a custom house there.[16] Increasing waves of
Vietnamese settlers, which the Cambodian kingdom could not impede because it was weakened by war with
Thailand, slowly Vietnamized the area. In time, Prey Nokor became known as Saigon. Prey Nokor was the most
important commercial seaport to the Khmers. The loss of the city cut off Cambodia's southeasterly access to the
sea. Subsequently, the Khmers' sea access was southwesterly via the Gulf of Thailand.
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Conquered by France and Spain in 1859, the city was influenced by the French during their colonial occupation of
Vietnam, and a number of classical Western-style buildings and French villas in the city reflect this. Saigon had, in
1929, a population of 123,890, including 12,100 French.[18]
country. [19][20]
Former Emperor Bo i made Saigon the capital of the State of
Vietnam in 1949 with himself as head of state. After the Vit Minh gained
control of North Vietnam in 1954, it became common to refer to the
Downtown Saigon before 1975.
Saigon government as "South Vietnam". The government was renamed
Saigon Bank in foreground.
the Republic of Vietnam when Bo i was deposed by his Prime
Minister Ng nh Dim in 1955 in a fraudulent referendum. Saigon and
Cholon, an adjacent city with many Sino-Vietnamese residents, were combined into an administrative unit known as
the Thnh Si Gn (Capital City Saigon).
Geography
Ho Chi Minh City is located in the southeastern region of Vietnam, 1,760 km (1,090 mi) south of Hanoi. The
average elevation is 19 metres (62 ft) above sea level. It borders Ty Ninh Province and Bnh Dng Province to
the north, ng Nai Province and B RaVng Tu Province to the east, Long An Province to the west and the
South China Sea to the south with a coast 15 km (9 mi) long. The city covers an area of 2,095 km2 (809 sq mi or
0.63% of the surface of Vietnam), extending up to C Chi District (12 mi or 19 km from the Cambodian border)
and down to Cn Gi on the South China Sea. The distance from the northernmost point (Ph M Hng
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Commune, C Chi District) to the southernmost one (Long Ha Commune, Cn Gi District) is 102 km (63 mi),
and from the easternmost point (Long Bnh ward, District Nine) to the westernmost one (Bnh Chnh Commune,
Bnh Chnh District) is 47 km (29 mi).
Climate
The city has a tropical climate, specifically a tropical wet and dry climate,
with an average humidity of 75%.[22] The year is divided into two distinct
seasons. The rainy season, with an average rainfall of about 1,800
millimetres (71 in) annually (about 150 rainy days per year), usually
begins in May and ends in late November . The dry season lasts from
December to April. The average temperature is 28 C (82 F), the
highest temperature sometimes reaches 39 C (102 F) around noon in
late April, while the lowest may fall below 16 C (61 F) in the early
mornings of late December into early January.[22][23]
Month
Average
high C
(F)
Daily mean
C (F)
Average
low C (F)
Rainfall
mm
(inches)
Feb
Mar
31.6
32.9
(88.9) (91.2)
33.9
(93)
34.6
34.0
(94.3) (93.2)
32.4
(90.3)
32.0
(89.6)
26.4
27.7
29.2
30.2
29.6
(79.5) (81.9) (84.6) (86.4) (85.3)
28.5
(83.3)
24.6
(76.3)
Jan
21.1
(70)
22.5
24.4
25.8
25.2
(72.5) (75.9) (78.4) (77.4)
Oct
Dec
Year
31.8
(89.2)
31.3
31.2 31.0
30.8
(88.3) (88.2) (87.8) (87.4)
32.3
(90.1)
28.2
(82.8)
28.1
(82.6)
27.9
27.6 26.9
(82.2) (81.7) (80.4)
26.1
(79)
28.03
(82.48)
24.3
(75.7)
24.3
(75.7)
24.4
(75.9)
21.4
(70.5)
23.7
(74.7)
23.9
(75)
Nov
22.8
(73)
13.8
4.1
10.5
50.4 218.4 311.7
293.7
269.8
327.1 266.7 116.5 48.3
1,931
(0.543) (0.161) (0.413) (1.984) (8.598) (12.272) (11.563) (10.622) (12.878) (10.5) (4.587) (1.902) (76.023)
Avg. rainy
days
2.4
1.0
1.9
5.4
17.8
19.0
22.9
22.4
23.1
20.9
12.1
6.7
155.6
%
humidity
69
68
68
70
76
80
80
81
82
83
78
73
75.7
Mean
monthly
sunshine
hours
244.9
248.6
272.8
231.0
195.3
171.0
179.8
173.6
162.0
223.2
2,486.1
182.9 201.0
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urban or suburban (qun). This includes districts one to twelve, as well as Tn Bnh, Bnh Thnh, Ph Nhun, Th
c, Bnh Tn, Tn Ph and G Vp. Each district is sub-divided into wards ("Phng"). Since December 2006,
the city has had 259 wards, 58 communes and 5 townships (see List of HCMC administrative units below).[25]
People's Committee
The Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee is a 13-member
executive council for the city. The current chairman is L Hong Qun.
There are several vice chairmen and chairwomen on the committee with
responsibility for various city departments. The legislative branch of the
city government is called the People's Council and consists of 95
deputies. Both the committee and the council are subordinate to the city's
Communist Party, currently led by Party Secretary L Thanh Hi. The
chairman of the People's Committee is the No. 2 position in the city
government while chairman of the People's Council is No. 3.
Sub-division units
Area
(km2 )
(Dec. 2003)
(Dec.
(Dec. 2003)
2006)
Population as
Population as
Population Population
of Census
of Census
[26]
October 1,
2011 [27]
April 1, 2009 2010
2004
Inner Districts:
District 1
10 wards
7.73
198,032
180,225
187,435
185,715
District 2
11 wards
49.74
125,136
147,490
140,621
136,497
District 3
14 wards
4.92
201,122
190,553
188,945
188,898
District 4
15 wards
4.18
180,548
180,980
183,261
183,043
District 5
15 wards
4.27
170,367
171,452
174,154
175,217
District 6
14 wards
7.19
241,379
249,329
253,474
251,902
District 7
10 wards
35.69
159,490
244,276
274,828
265,997
District 8
16 wards
19.18
360,722
408,772
418,961
421,547
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District 9
13 wards
114
202,948
256,257
263,486
269,068
District 10
15 wards
5.72
235,231
230,345
232,450
234,188
District 11
16 wards
5.14
224,785
226,854
232,536
234,293
District 12
11 wards
52.78
290.129
405,360
427,083
451,737
G Vp
District
16 wards
19.74
452,083
522,690
548,145
561,068
Tn Bnh
District
15 wards
22.38
397,569
421,724
430,436
430,350
Tn Ph
District
11 wards
16.06
366,399
398,102
407,924
419,227
Bnh Thnh
District
20 wards
20.76
423,896
457,362
470,054
479,733
Ph Nhun
District
15 wards
4.88
175,293
174,535
175,175
175,631
Th c
District
12 wards
47.76
336,571
442,177
455,899
474,547
Bnh Tn
District
10 wards
51.89
398,712
572,132
595,335
611,170
Total inner
districts
259 wards
494.01
5,140,412
5,880,615
6,060,202
6,149,817
Suburban districts:
C Chi District
20 communes, 1
township
434.5
288,279
343,155
355,822
362,454
Hc Mn
District
11 communes, 1
township
109.18
245,381
349,065
358,640
363,171
Bnh Chnh
District
15 communes, 1
township
252.69
304,168
420,109
447,291
465,248
72,740
101,074
103,793
109,949
Cn Gi
District
66,272
68,846
70,697
70,499
Total
suburban
districts
58 communes, 5
townships
1,601
976,839
1,282,249
1,336,244
1,371,321
Whole city
259 wards, 58
communes, 5
townships
2,095.01 6,117,251
7,162,864
7,396,446
7,521,138
Demographics
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Historical population
Pop.
Year
population
1995
4,640,400
1996
4,747,900
1997
1998
4,852,300
4,957,300
1999
5,073,100
2000
5,274,900
2001
5,454,000
2002
2003
5,619,400
5,809,100
2004
6,007,600
2005
6,230,900
2006
2007
6,483,100
6,725,300
2008
6,946,100
2009
7,196,100
2010
2011
7,378,000
7,521,100
2012
7,750,900
Sources:[28]
The three most prevalent religions in Ho Chi Minh City are Mahayana Buddhism with Taoism and Confucianism
(via ancestor worship), which are often celebrated together in the same temple, the Vietnamese and Han Chinese
are strongly influenced by these traditional religious practices. There is a sizeable community of Roman Catholicism
(about 10% of the city's population).[32] Other minority groups included: Ha Ho, Cao i, Protestantism, Islam,
Hinduism, Bah' Faith.
Economy
Ho Chi Minh City is the economic center of Vietnam and accounts for a large proportion of the economy of
Vietnam. Although the city takes up just 0.6% of the country's land area, it contains 8.34% of the population of
Vietnam, 20.2% of its GDP, 27.9% of industrial output and 34.9% of the FDI projects in the country in 2005.[33]
In 2005, the city had 4,344,000 laborers, of whom 130,000 are over the labor age norm (in Vietnam, 60 for male
and 55 for female workers).[34] In 2009, GDP per capita reached $2,800, compared to the country's average level
of $1,042.[35]
In 2007, the city's GDP was estimated at $14.3 billion, or about $2,180 per capita, up 12.6 percent from 2006
and accounting for 20% of the country's GDP. The GDP adjusted to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) reached
$71.5 billion, or about $10,870 per capita (approximately three times higher than the country's average). The city's
Industrial Product Value was $6.4 billion, equivalent to 30% of the value of the entire nation. Export Import
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Turnover through HCMC ports accounted for $36 billion, or 40% of the national total, of which export revenue
reached $18.3 billion (40% of Vietnam's total export revenues). In 2007, Ho Chi Minh City's contribution to the
annual revenues in the national budget increased by 30 percent, accounting for about 20.5 percent of total
revenues. The consumption
demand of Ho Chi Minh City
is higher than other Vietnamese
provinces and municipalities
and 1.5 times higher than that
M Linh Point
$16.6 billion at the end of 2007.[37] In 2007, the city received over 400 FDI projects worth $3 billion.[38]
In 2008, it attracted $8.5 billion in FDI.[39] In 2010, the city's GDP was estimated at $20.902 billion, or about
$2,800 per capita, up 11.8 percent from 2009.[40]
By the end of 2012, the city's GDP was estimated around $28,595 billion, or about $3,700 per capita, up 9.2
percent from 2011.[41] Total trade (export and import) reached $47.7 billion, with export at $21.57 billion and
import $26.14 billion.[30] In 2013, GDP of the city grew 7.6% by Q1, 8.1% by Q2, and 10.3% by the end of Q3.
By the end of 2013, the city's GDP grew 9.3%, with GDP per capital reach $4500.[42]
Sectors
The economy of Ho Chi Minh City consists of industries ranging from
mining, seafood processing, agriculture, and construction, to tourism,
finance, industry and trade. The state-owned sector makes up 33.3% of
the economy, the private sector 4.6%, and the remainder in foreign
investment. Concerning its economic structure, the service sector
accounts for 51.1%, industry and construction account for 47.7% and
forestry, agriculture and others make up just 1.2%.[43]
Quang Trung Software Park is a software park situated in District 12.
The park is approximately 15 km (9 mi) from downtown Ho Chi Minh
Saigon Port
City and hosts software enterprises as well as dot.com companies. The
park also includes a software training school. Dot.com investors here are
supplied with other facilities and services such as residences and high-speed access to the internet as well as
favorable taxation. Together with the hi-tech park in District 9, and the 32 ha. software park inside Tan Thuan
Export Processing Zone in District 7 of the city, Ho Chi Minh City aims to become an important hi-tech city in the
country and the South-East Asia region. This park helps the city in particular and Vietnam in general to become an
outsourcing location for other enterprises in developed countries, as India has done. Some 300,000 businesses,
including many large enterprises, are involved in high-tech, electronic, processing and light industries, and also in
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Some of the larger shopping malls and plazas opened recently include:
Zen Plaza (http://www.citypassguide.com/destination/ho-chiminh/shopping/zen-plaza) (1995) 5456 Nguyn Tri St,
District 1
Saigon Centre (1997) 65 L Li Blvd, Ben Nghe Ward, District
1
Tax Plaza (1998) 135 Nguyn Hu Blvd, Ben Nghe Ward,
District 1
Diamond Plaza (1999) 34 Le Duan Blvd, District 1
Big C (2002) Multiple locations (District 10, Binh Tan District,
Go Vap District, Phu Nhuan District, and Tan Phu District)
Diamond Plaza
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Kumho Asiana Plaza (2010) 39 Le Duan Blvd, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1
Vincom Centre (2010) 7072 L Thnh Tng St, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1
Bitexco Financial Tower (2010) Hm s 2 Hm Nghi Blvd, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1
In 2007, three million foreign tourists, about 70% of the total number of tourists to Vietnam, visited the city. Total
cargo transport to Ho Chi Minh City's ports reached 50.5 million metric tonnes,[45] nearly one-third of the total
for Vietnam.
Transport
Air
The city is served by Tn Sn Nht International Airport, the largest
airport in Vietnam in terms of passengers handled (with an estimated
number of over 15.5 million passengers per year in 2010, accounting for
more than half of Vietnam's air passenger traffic[47][48]). Long Thnh
International Airport is scheduled to begin operating in 2025. Based in
Long Thnh District, ng Nai Province, about 40 km (25 mi) northeast
of Ho Chi Minh City, Long Thnh Airport will serve international flights,
with a maximum traffic capacity of 100 million passengers per year when
fully completed; Tn Sn Nht Airport will serve domestic flights.[49]
Rail
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Ho Chi Minh City is also a terminal for many Vietnam Railways train routes in the country. The Reunification
Express (tu Thng Nht) runs from Ho Chi Minh City to Hanoi from Saigon Railway Station in District 3, with
stops at cities and provinces along the line. Within the city, the two main stations are Sng Thn and Si Gn. In
addition, there are several smaller stations such as D An, Th c, Bnh Triu, G Vp. However, rail
transportation is not fully developed and presently comprises only 0.6% of passenger traffic and 6% of goods
shipments.[50]
Water
The city's location on the Saigon River makes it a bustling commercial
and passenger port; besides a constant stream of cargo ships, passenger
boats operate regularly between Ho Chi Minh City and various
destinations in Southern Vietnam and Cambodia, including Vng Tu,
Cn Th and the Mekong Delta, and Phnom Penh. Traffic between Ho
Chi Minh City and Vietnam's southern provinces has steadily increased
over the years; the Doi and Te Canals, the main routes to the Mekong
Delta, receive 100,000 waterway vehicles every year, representing
around 13 million tons of cargo. A project to dredge these routes has
been approved to facilitate transport, to be implemented in 201114.[51]
Coach bus
Ho Chi Minh City has a number of coach houses, which house coach buses to and from other areas in Vietnam.
The largest coach station in terms of passengers handled is the Mien Dong Coach Station in the Bnh Thnh
District.
340,000 cars and 3.5 million motorcycles in the city, which is almost double compare to Hanoi.[50] The growing
number of motorcycles tend to cause gridlocks and pollute the air. These are two reasons why the government
develops plans to reduce the number of motorcycles and to improve public transportation besides other measures
to reduce traffic.[52]
Metro system
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The Ho Chi Minh City Metro, a light rail rapid transit network, is currently in the preparation stages, with the first
line currently under construction, to be completed by 2017. This first line will connect Bn Thnh to Sui Tin Park
in District 9, with a depot in Long Binh. Planners expect the route to serve more than 160,000 passengers daily.[53]
A line between Bn Thnh and Tham Luong in District 12 has been approved by the government,[54] and several
more lines are currently the subject of feasibility studies.[53]
Society
Healthcare
The health care system of the city is relatively developed with a chain of
about 100 government owned hospitals or medical centers and dozens of
privately owned clinics.[25] The 1,400 bed Ch Ry Hospital, upgraded
by Japanese aid and the French-sponsored Institute of Cardiology, are
among the top medical facilities in Indochina.
Communications
The city's media is the most developed in the country. At present, there are
seven daily newspapers: Sai Gon Giai Phong (Liberated Saigon), and its
Vietnamese, investment and finance, sports, evening and weekly editions; Tui
Tr (Youth), the highest circulation newspaper in Vietnam; Thanh Nien (Young
Men), the second largest circulation in the south of Vietnam; Nguoi Lao Dong
(Labourer); The Thao (Sports); Phap Luat (Law) and the Saigon Times
Daily, the English-language newspaper as well as more than 30 other
newspapers and magazines. The city has hundreds of printing and publishing
houses, many bookstores and a widespread network of public and school
libraries; the city's General Library houses over 1.5 mllion books. Locallybased Ho Chi Minh City Television (HTV) is the second largest television
network in the nation, just behind the national Vietnam Television (VTV),
broadcasting 24/7 on 7 different channels (using analog and digital technology).
Many major international TV channels are provided through two cable
networks (SCTV and HTVC), with over one million subscribers. The Voice of
Ho Chi Minh City is the largest radio station in southern Vietnam.
Internet coverage, especially through ADSL connections, is rapidly expanding, with over 2,200,000 subscribers
and around 5.5 million frequent users. Internet service providers (ISPs) operating in Ho Chi Minh City include the
Vietnam Data Communication Company (VDC), Corporation for Finance and Promoting Technology (FPT),
Netnam Company, Saigon Post and Telecommunications Services Corporation (Saigon Postel Corporation, SPT)
and Viettel Company. As in all of Vietnam, Internet access is regulated; websites containing sensitive political or
religious content are routinely blocked,[55] and certain websites such as Facebook have been blocked, though
government officials deny that this is intentional. The city has more than two million fixed telephones and about
fifteen million cellular phones (the latter growing annually by 20%). Mobile phone service is provided by a number
of companies, including Viettel Mobile, MobiFone, VinaPhone, and S-Fone.
Education
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Notable high schools in Ho Chi Minh City include L Hng Phong High
School for the Gifted, Ph Thng Nng Khiu High School for the
Gifted, Trn i Ngha High School for the Gifted, Nguyn Thng Hin
High School, Nguyn Th Minh Khai High School, and Gia nh High
School, L Qu n High School, among others. Though the former
schools are all public, private education is also available in Ho Chi Minh
City. High school consists of grade 1012 (sophomore, junior, and
senior).
Higher education in Ho Chi Minh City is a burgeoning industry; the city
boasts over 80 universities and colleges with a total of over 400,000
Tourism
Today, the city's core is still adorned with wide elegant boulevards and
historic French colonial buildings. The majority of these tourist spots are
located in District 1 and are a short leisurely distance from each other.
The most prominent structures in the city center are the Reunification
Palace (Dinh Thng Nht), City Hall (y ban nhn dn Thnh ph),
Municipal Theatre (Nh ht thnh ph, also known as the Opera
House), City Post Office (Bu in thnh ph), State Bank Office
(Ngn hng nh nc), City People's Court (Ta n nhn dn thnh
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ph) and Notre-Dame Cathedral (Nh th c B). Some of the historic hotels are the Hotel Majestic, dating
from the French colonial era, and the Rex and Caravelle hotels are
former hangouts for American officers and war correspondents in the
1960s/70s.
It was approximated that 4.3 million tourists visited Vietnam in 2007, of
which 70 percent, approximately 3 million tourists, visited Ho Chi Minh
City.[61] In 2007, the number of tourists increased by 12 percent
compared to 2006, and tourism revenue increased to 19,500 billion
Vietnamese dong, up 20 percent.[61]
Aside from the Municipal Theatre, there are other places of entertainment
such as the Bn Thnh theatre, Ha Bnh theatre, and the Lan Anh Music Stage. Ho Chi Minh City is home to
hundreds of cinemas and theatres, with cinema and drama theatre revenue accounting for 6070% of Vietnam's
total revenue in this industry. Unlike other theatrical organizations found in Vietnam's provinces and municipalities,
residents of Ho Chi Minh City keep their theatres active without the support of subsidies from the Vietnamese
government. The city is also home to most of the private movie companies in Vietnam.
Like many of Vietnam's smaller cities, the city boasts a multitude of restaurants serving typical Vietnamese dishes
such as ph or rice vermicelli. Backpacking travelers most often frequent the "Western Quarter" on Phm Ng Lo
Street, District 1.
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Ho Chi Minh City is home to a number of association football clubs. One of the city's largest clubs, Ho Chi Minh
City F.C., is based at Thng Nht Stadium. As Cng Si Gn, they were four-time champions of Vietnam's VLeague (in 1986, 199394, 1997, and 200102). The team currently plays in Vietnam's First Division. Navibank
Saigon F.C., founded as Qun Khu 4, also based at Thng Nht Stadium, emerged as champions of the First
Division in the 2008 season, and were promoted to the V-League in 2009. The city's police department also
fielded a football team in the 1990s, Cng An Thnh Ph, which won the V-League championship in 1995.
Celebrated striker L Hunh c, now manager of SHB Nng F.C., played for the Police F.C. from 1995
2000, setting a league record of 25 goals in the 1996 season. In 2011, Ho Chi Minh City was awarded an
expansion team for the ASEAN Basketball League.[63]
SSA Saigon Heat is the first ever international professional basketball team to represent Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh
City hosts a number of international sports events throughout the year, such as the AFF Futsal Championship and
the Vietnam Vertical Run. Several other sports are represented by teams in the city, such as volleyball, basketball,
chess, athletics, and table tennis.
Sister cities
There are 25 sister cities/regions of Ho Chi Minh City:[64]
City
Shanghai, People's Republic of China
From
14 May 1994
Manila, Philippines
27 June 1994
10 April 1995
13 June 1995
3 November 1995
1 April 1996
Lyon, France
17 January 1997
21 April 1999
5 September 2000
28 August 2001
1 September 2001
8 November 2001
June 2002
Moscow, Russia
31 October 2003
Toronto, Canada
Yokohama, Japan
13 February 2006
23 July 2007
27 October 2007
Minsk, Belarus
4 November 2008[65]
Vladivostok, Russia
Barcelona, Spain
21 May 2009
29 May 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon
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Seville, Spain
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
29 May 2009
10 November 2009
Monterrey, Mexico
Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
27 May 2013
date unclear
See also
NorthSouth Railway (Vietnam)
List of East Asian ports
List of historical capitals of Vietnam
List of tallest buildings in Vietnam
References
Footnotes
1. ^ ng Nai Province's Populations: 2.254.676 (2006) (http://www.dongnai.gov.vn/gioi_thieu_chung?
set_language=vi), B Ra Vng Tu Province's Populations:862.081 (2002)
(http://www.bariavungtau.com/index.php?news=4), Bnh Dng province's Population: 1,2 million (2007)
(http://www.baobinhduong.org.vn/detail.aspx?Item=19856&Kind=7), Ho Chi Minh City's population: 5,037,155
(1999) (http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/an_pham/thanh_pho_ho_chi_minh_25_nam/B01.htm)
2. ^ The text of the resolution is as follows: "By the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 6th
tenure, 1st session, for officially renaming Saigon-Gia Dinh City as Ho Chi Minh City.
The National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Considering the boundless love of the people of
Saigon-Gia Dinh City for President Ho Chi Minh and their wish for the city to be named after him;
Considering the long and difficult revolutionary struggle launched in Saigon-Gia Dinh City, with several glorious
feats, deserves the honor of being named after President Ho Chi Minh;
After discussing the suggestion of the Presidium of the National Assembly's meeting;
Decides to rename Saigon-Gia Dinh City as Ho Chi Minh City.""From Saigon to Ho Chi Minh City"
(http://www.eng.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/eng/news/default.aspx?cat_id=510&news_id=243). People's Committee of
Ho Chi Minh City. Retrieved 15 June 2010.
3. ^ "Un sicle plus tard (1773), la rvolte des TYON (sic) [quclata] tout, d'abord dans les montagnes de la
province de Qui-Nhon, et stendit rapidement dans le sud, chassa de Bien-Hoa le mouvement commercial quy
avaient attir les Chinois. Ceux-ci abandonnrent Cou-lao-pho, remontrent de fleuve de Tan-Binh, et vinrent
choisir la position actuele de CHOLEN. Cette cration date d'environ 1778. Ils appelrent leur nouvelle rsidence
TAI-NGON ou TIN-GAN. Le nom transform par les Annamites en celui de SAIGON fut depuis appliqu tort,
par l'expdition franaise, au SAIGON actuel dont la dnomination locale est BEN-NGHE ou BEN-THANH."
Francis Garnier, quoted in: Hng Sn Vng, Q. Thng Nguyn (2002). Tuyn tp Vng Hng Sn
(http://www.scribd.com/Lich-Su-Thu-Do-Sai-Gon/d/7230907). Nh xut bn Vn hc.
4. ^ "The Khmer name for Saigon, by the way, is Prey Nokor; prey means forest, nokor home or city." Norodom
Sihanouk (1980).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon
War and hope: the case for Cambodia. Pantheon Books. p. 54. ISBN 0-394-51115-8.
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Sihanouk (1980). War and hope: the case for Cambodia. Pantheon Books. p. 54. ISBN 0-394-51115-8.
Notes
1. ^ Statistic office Ho Chi Min City (http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/web/guest/nam-2013?
p_p_id=EXT_ARTICLEVIEW&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_col_id=centerbanner&p_p_col_count=1&_EXT_ARTICLEVIEW_groupId=18&_EXT_ARTICLEVIEW_articleId=419698&_EX
T_ARTICLEVIEW_version=1.0&_EXT_ARTICLEVIEW_redirect=%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fhome)
2. ^ "02.01 Dn s v mt dn s nm 2010 phn theo qun, huyn"
(http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=5fdc62bc-0523-453a-b59657ad36af9831&groupId=18). Cc Thng k Thnh ph H Ch Minh (in Vietnamese and English). Cc Thng k
Thnh ph H Ch Minh. 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
3. ^ Ben Brown (12 November 2007). "Letter from Ho Chi Minh City A Tribute to My Vietnam Vet Father"
(http://www.counterpunch.org/brown11122007.html). CounterPunch. CounterPunch. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
4. ^ About Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). (http://hochiminh.myvietnam.info/about-hcmc) MyVietnam.info. Retrieved 13
August 2009.
5. ^ Wendell Cox (22 March 2012). "THE EVOLVING URBAN FORM: HO CHI MINH CITY (SAIGON)"
(http://www.newgeography.com/content/002738-the-evolving-urban-form-ho-chi-minh-city-saigon). New
Geography. New Geography. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
6. ^ "Quy hoch xy dng vng Tp.HCM" (http://vneconomy.vn/?
home=detail&page=category&cat_name=17&id=7838380a353206). VnEconomy. 25 April 2008.
7. ^ Robert M. Salkin, Trudy Ring (1996). Paul E. Schellinger, Robert M. Salkin, ed. Asia and Oceania. International
Dictionary of Historic Places 5. Taylor & Francis. p. 354. ISBN 1-884964-04-4.
8. ^ "Comprehensive Map of Vietnam's Provinces" (http://www.wdl.org/en/item/226/zoom.html). World Digital
Library. UNESCO. 1890.
9. ^ Robert M. Salkin, Trudy Ring (1996). Paul E. Schellinger, Robert M. Salkin, ed. Asia and Oceania. International
Dictionary of Historic Places 5. Taylor & Francis. p. 353. ISBN 1-884964-04-4.
10. ^ Trng Vnh K, Souvenirs historiques sur Saigon et ses environs, trong Excursions et Reconnaissance X.
Saigon, Imprimerie Coloniale 1885
11. ^ Touch Bora, Jacobsen history challenged, The Phnom Penh Post, 21 April 2006.
12. ^ "Historic Figures: H Ch Minh (18901969)"
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/ho_chi_minh.shtml). British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 1
June 2010.
13. ^ Truong Mealy (former Cambodian Ambassador to Japan), quoted in Touch Bora, "Jacobsen history challenged",
Phnom Penh Post, 21 April 2006.
14. ^ Jean Morice, Cambodge, du sourire l'horreur, ditions France-Empire, 1977, p.30.
15. ^ Schweyer, Anne-Valerie. Ancient Vietnam.
16. ^ Mai Thc, Vng min lu y: truyn lch s, Nh xut bn Vn ha thng tin, 2004, p.580; Gio s Hong
Xun Vit, Nguyn Minh Tin hiu nh, Tm hiu lch s ch quc ng, Ho Chi Minh City, Cng ty Vn ha
Hng Trang, pp.3133; Helen Jarvis, Cambodia, Clio Press, 1997, p.xxiii.
17. ^ The first settlers, http://www.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/eng
18. ^ "Yearbook of the Encyclopedia Americana (2006)", p. 175.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon
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19. ^ 4 April 1967 speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. at Riverside Church in New York City
20. ^ The Uncensored War: The Media and Vietnam by Daniel C. Hallin
21. ^ "Pearl of the Orient is still Vietnam's heart" (http://www.travelterrific.com/spring2000/asia_sp00_03.html).
Travelterrific.com. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
22. ^ a b c "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Ho Chi Minh City"
(http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=984&refer=&cityname=Ho-Chi-Minh-City-Ho-Chi-MinhVietnam). Weatherbase. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
23. ^ a b "World Weather Information Service Ho Chi Minh City" (http://worldweather.wmo.int/082/c00309.htm).
World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
24. ^ "Solar Energy and Solar Photovoltaics in Vietnam"
(https://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/asienpazifikforum/apw/apw2009/praesentationen/prof._le_vietnam.10.2
009.ppt). Retrieved 15 May 2013.
25. ^ a b c d e "Statistical office in Ho Chi Minh City"
(http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/an_pham/sltkcytphcm/30_so_lieu_thong_ke_chu_yeu).
Pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
26. ^ http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=5fdc62bc-0523-453a-b59657ad36af9831&groupId=18
27. ^ http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/web/guest/niengiamthongke-nam2011
28. ^ Dn s trung bnh phn theo a phng qua cc nm (http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?
tabid=387&idmid=3&ItemID=12873), Theo Tng cc thng k Vit Nam.
29. ^ "General Statistics Office of Vietnam" (http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?
tabid=462&idmid=2&idmid=2&ItemID=9789). Gso.gov.vn. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
30. ^ a b "Tong Cuc Thong Ke" (http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=383&idmid=2&ItemID=13495).
Gso.gov.vn. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
31. ^ "Cc thng k Tm tt kt qu iu tra dn s"
(http://www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/an_pham/dansotphcmqua2cuocdieutra1999_2004/ttkqdtds).
Pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn. 4 January 2001. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
32. ^ Archdiocese of Thnh-Ph H Ch Minh (Hchiminh Ville) (http://www.catholichierarchy.org/diocese/dthan.html)
33. ^ Statistics in 2005 (http://www.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/left/gioi_thieu/thong_ke/so_ca_nuoc/vi_tri?left_menu=1) on
the city's official website.
34. ^ Ho Chi Minh City Economics Institute (http://www.vienkinhte.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/xemtin.asp?
idcha=683&cap=3&id=767).
35. ^ Hana R. Alberts (21 December 2009). "''Forbes'' profile of Vietnam" (http://www.forbes.com/2009/12/21/asiamost-expensive-places-lifestyle-real-estate-cities_slide_8.html). Forbes. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
36. ^ Minh Anh, "Quy m tiu dng 41,5 t USD: u ko pht trin!"
(http://www.tuoitre.com.vn/Tianyon/Index.aspx?ArticleID=216256&ChannelID=11) Tui Tr, 20 August 2007.
37. ^ Hn Ni, "TPHCM dn u thu ht vn FDI v bit cch bt ph"
(http://www.sggp.org.vn/kinhte/2007/11/128733). Si Gn gii phng, 2007.
38. ^ "TPHCM sau 1 nm gia nhp WTO Vt ln chnh mnh..."
(http://www.thongtinthuongmaivietnam.com.vn/IWINews.aspx?CatalogID=2426&ID=64806), Trung tm thng
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon
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External links
Official website (http://www.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/) (in Vietnamese and English)
Ho Chi Minh City People's Council (http://www.eng.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/eng/news/default.aspx?
cat_id=533&news_id=8917#content)
Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee (http://www.eng.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/eng/news/default.aspx?
cat_id=533&news_id=9963#content)
History of Ho Chi Minh City (http://www.vietscape.com/travel/saigon/index.html)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ho_Chi_Minh_City&oldid=622217585"
Categories: Ho Chi Minh City Cities in Vietnam District capitals in Vietnam Southeast (Vietnam)
Populated places in Ho Chi Minh City Port cities in Vietnam Capitals of former nations
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