PROJECT PLANNING MANUAL

HEATING AND COOLING WITH HEAT PUMPS

Active cooling with air-to-water and brine-to-water heat pumps

Edition 11/2008

Passive cooling with brine-to-water and water-to-water heat pumps

Waste heat recovery in cooling operation for domestic hot water
preparation and swimming pool heating

Certified quality

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
1 Selection and Dimensioning of Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling ..........................................................4
1.1 Calculating the Heat Consumption of the Building............................................................................................................................ 4
1.1.1 Utility Company Shut-Off Times ............................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.2 DHW heating ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 Method for Calculating the Cooling Requirements of the Building.................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Checking the Operating Limits .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.1 Maximum Heat Output of the Heat Pump................................................................................................................................. 5
1.3.2 Maximum Cooling Capacity of the Heat Pump ......................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Parallel Connection of Heat Pumps for Heating Purposes ............................................................................................................... 8
1.4.1 Heating / Cooling Operation Only ............................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4.2 Bivalent operation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.3 Swimming pool water preparation ............................................................................................................................................ 8
1.5 Parallel Connection of Heat Pumps for Cooling Purposes................................................................................................................ 8
1.5.1 Cooling Operation without Waste Heat Recovery .................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.2 Cooling Operation with Waste Heat Recovery ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.3 Measures to Reduce the Cooling Load of the Building............................................................................................................. 9

2 Generation of Refrigerating Capacity .............................................................................................................10

2.1 Passive Cooling .............................................................................................................................................................................. 10
2.1.1 Passive Cooling with Parallel Domestic Hot Water Preparation............................................................................................. 10
2.1.2 Passive Cooling with Ground Water ....................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.3 Passive Cooling with Ground Heat Collectors Laid Horizontally ............................................................................................ 11
2.1.4 Passive Cooling with Borehole Heat Exchangers................................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Active Cooling ................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
2.2.1 Active Cooling with Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps ...................................................................................................... 12
2.2.2 Active Cooling with Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps .................................................................................................. 12

3 Heating and Cooling with a Single System ....................................................................................................13

3.1 Energy-Efficient Operation .............................................................................................................................................................. 13
3.2 Regulation of a Combined Heating and Cooling System ................................................................................................................ 13
3.3 Hydraulic Requirements of a Combined Heating and Cooling System........................................................................................... 13
3.4 Cooling Load ................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.5 Dynamic Cooling ............................................................................................................................................................................. 13
3.5.1 Fan convectors ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.5.2 Cooling with Ventilation Systems............................................................................................................................................ 14
3.6 Silent Cooling .................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.6.1 Underfloor Cooling.................................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.6.2 Cooled Ceilings....................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.7 Thermal Activation of Structural Building Parts............................................................................................................................... 15
3.8 Comfort ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.8.1 Thermal Behaviour of Humans ............................................................................................................................................... 15
3.8.2 Room Temperature................................................................................................................................................................. 15
3.8.3 Humidity Content in Indoor Air................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.8.4 Air Circulation within a Room.................................................................................................................................................. 16

4 Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps ...............................................................................................17

4.1 Air-to-water heat pumps for indoor installation................................................................................................................................ 17
4.2 Air-to-water heat pumps for outdoor installation ............................................................................................................................. 17
4.3 Device Information for Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Indoor Installation ......................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pump in Compact Design - 230V ............................................................................................ 18
4.3.2 Reversible air-to-water heat pump - 230V .............................................................................................................................. 19
4.3.3 Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Waste Heat Recovery .......................................................................................... 20
4.4 Device Information for Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Outdoor Installation ...................................................................................... 21
4.4.1 Reversible air-to-water heat pumps - 230V ............................................................................................................................ 21
4.4.2 Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Waste Heat Recovery .......................................................................................... 22
4.5 Characteristic Curves of Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps....................................................................................................... 23
4.5.1 Characteristic Curves LIK 8MER (Heating Operation) ........................................................................................................... 23
4.5.2 Characteristic curves LI 11MER / LA 11MSR (Heating operation) ......................................................................................... 24
4.5.3 Characteristic Curves LI 11TER+ / LA 11ASR (Heating Operation)....................................................................................... 25

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4.5.4
4.5.5
4.5.6
4.5.7
4.5.8

Characteristic curves LI 16TER+ / LA 16ASR (Heating operation)........................................................................................ 26

Characteristic Curves LIK 8MER (Cooling Operation) ........................................................................................................... 27
Characteristic curves LI 11MER / LA 11MSR (Cooling operation)......................................................................................... 28
Characteristic Curves LI 11TER+ / LA 11ASR (Cooling Operation) ...................................................................................... 29
Characteristic Curves LI 16TER+ / LA 16ASR (Cooling Operation) ...................................................................................... 30

4.6 Dimensions of Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps...................................................................................................................... 31

4.6.1 Dimensions LIK 8MER ........................................................................................................................................................... 31
4.6.2 Dimensions LI 11MER............................................................................................................................................................ 32
4.6.3 Dimensions LI 11TER+ .......................................................................................................................................................... 33
4.6.4 Dimensions LI 16TER+ .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
4.6.5 Dimensions LA 11MSR .......................................................................................................................................................... 35
4.6.6 Dimensions LA 11ASR........................................................................................................................................................... 36
4.6.7 Dimensions LA 16ASR........................................................................................................................................................... 37

5 Active Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps .......................................................................................... 38

5.1 Designing Borehole Heat Exchangers for Heating and Cooling ..................................................................................................... 38
5.1.1 Dimensioning information - heat transfer into the ground ...................................................................................................... 38
5.1.2 Dimensioning of the brine circulating pump ........................................................................................................................... 38
5.1.3 Brine fluid ............................................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.2 Device information .......................................................................................................................................................................... 39
5.2.1 Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps - 230V Single-Phase ................................................................................................... 39
5.2.2 Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pump ................................................................................................................................... 40
5.2.3 Reversible brine-to-water heat pumps with waste heat recovery........................................................................................... 41
5.3 Characteristic Curves of Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps .................................................................................................. 42
5.3.1 Characteristic Curves SI 5MER (Heating Operation) ............................................................................................................. 42
5.3.2 Characteristic curves SI 7MER (Heating operation)............................................................................................................... 43
5.3.3 Characteristic curves SI 9MER (Heating operation)............................................................................................................... 44
5.3.4 Characteristic curves SI 11MER (Heating operation)............................................................................................................. 45
5.3.5 Characteristic Curves SI 75ZSR (Heating Operation)............................................................................................................ 46
5.3.6 Characteristic curves SI 30TER+ (Heating operation) ........................................................................................................... 47
5.3.7 Characteristic curves SI 75TER+ (Heating operation) ........................................................................................................... 48
5.3.8 Characteristic Curves SI 5MER (Cooling Operation) ............................................................................................................. 49
5.3.9 Characteristic curves SI 7MER (Cooling operation)............................................................................................................... 50
5.3.10 Characteristic curves SI 9MER (Cooling operation)............................................................................................................... 51
5.3.11 Characteristic curves SI 11MER (Cooling operation)............................................................................................................. 52
5.3.12 Characteristic Curves SI 75ZSR (Cooling Operation) ............................................................................................................ 53
5.3.13 Characteristic curves SI 30TER+ (Cooling operation) ........................................................................................................... 54
5.3.14 Characteristic curves SI 75TER+ (Cooling operation) ........................................................................................................... 55
5.4 Dimensions of Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps.................................................................................................................. 56
5.4.1 Dimensions SI 5MER - SI 11MER.......................................................................................................................................... 56
5.4.2 Dimensions SI 75ZSR ............................................................................................................................................................ 57
5.4.3 Dimensions SI 30TER+.......................................................................................................................................................... 58
5.4.4 Dimensions SI 75TER+.......................................................................................................................................................... 59

6 Passive Cooling using a Heat Exchanger...................................................................................................... 60

6.1 Passive Cooling with Water-to-Water Heat Pumps ........................................................................................................................ 60
6.2 Passive Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps ......................................................................................................................... 60
6.3 Device information .......................................................................................................................................................................... 61
6.3.1 Passive cooling station........................................................................................................................................................... 61
6.4.1 Characteristic Curves PKS 14................................................................................................................................................ 62
6.4.2 Characteristic Curves PKS 25................................................................................................................................................ 63
6.5 Dimensions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 64
6.5.1 Dimensions PKS 14 / PKS 25 ................................................................................................................................................ 64

7 Control and Regulation ................................................................................................................................... 65

7.1 Network Operation of Heating and Cooling Controllers and Remote Control................................................................................. 65
7.2 Temperature Sensor (Cooling Controller)....................................................................................................................................... 65
7.3 Cold Generation by Active Cooling................................................................................................................................................. 66
7.3.1 Heat Pumps without Additional Heat Exchangers.................................................................................................................. 66
7.3.2 Heat Pumps with Additional Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery.............................................................................. 66
7.4 Cold Generation via Passive Cooling ............................................................................................................................................. 66
7.5 Cooling Program Description.......................................................................................................................................................... 67
7.5.1 Cooling Operating Mode ........................................................................................................................................................ 67
7.5.3 Deactivation of Circulating Pumps in Cooling Operation........................................................................................................ 67

Table of Contents

7.5.4

Silent and Dynamic Cooling.................................................................................................................................................... 68

7.6 Individual room regulation ............................................................................................................................................................... 68

7.6.1 Dynamic Cooling..................................................................................................................................................................... 68
7.6.2 Silent Cooling.......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
7.7 Hot water preparation...................................................................................................................................................................... 69
7.7.1 Request for Hot Water without Additional Heat Exchanger .................................................................................................... 69
7.7.2 Request for Hot Water with Additional Heat Exchanger ......................................................................................................... 69
7.7.3 Waste Heat Recovery in Cooling Operation ........................................................................................................................... 69
7.8 Special accessories ........................................................................................................................................................................ 69
7.8.1 Room climate control station .................................................................................................................................................. 69
7.8.2 Heating/cooling ON/OFF room temperature controller ........................................................................................................... 70
7.8.3 Remote control ....................................................................................................................................................................... 70

8 Comparison of Heat Pump Cooling Systems.................................................................................................71

8.1

Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Active Cooling................................................................................................................................ 71

8.2 Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps with Active Cooling............................................................................................................................. 71

8.3 Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps with Passive Cooling.......................................................................................................................... 71
8.4 Water-to-Water Heat Pumps with Passive Cooling......................................................................................................................... 71
8.5 Summary......................................................................................................................................................................................... 72

9 Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation ............................................................................73

9.1 Legend ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 73
9.2 Active, dynamic cooling................................................................................................................................................................... 74
9.3 Active, silent cooling........................................................................................................................................................................ 75
9.4 Active cooling with waste heat recovery ......................................................................................................................................... 76
9.5 Passive Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps.......................................................................................................................... 78
9.6 Passive Cooling with Compact Manifold ......................................................................................................................................... 79
9.7 Passive Cooling with Separate Heating and Cooling Circuits......................................................................................................... 80
9.8 Passive Cooling with Ground Water ............................................................................................................................................... 81

10 Electrical Installation ........................................................................................................................................84

10.1 Cooling controller for reversible heat pumps................................................................................................................................... 84
10.2 Cooling controller for passive cooling ............................................................................................................................................. 84
10.3 Room temperature regulation with dynamic cooling ....................................................................................................................... 84
10.4 Room climate control station with silent cooling.............................................................................................................................. 85
10.5 Extended dew point monitoring....................................................................................................................................................... 85
10.6 Regulation of the Room Temperature............................................................................................................................................. 86
10.6.1 Room temperature controller for manual switching ................................................................................................................ 86
10.6.2 Room temperature controller with automatic switching .......................................................................................................... 86
10.7 Circuit Diagrams.............................................................................................................................................................................. 88
10.8 Legend for the circuit diagrams....................................................................................................................................................... 91
10.9 Heat pump manager terminal assignation ...................................................................................................................................... 92

11 Appendix............................................................................................................................................................93
11.1 Glossary of Cooling Terms.............................................................................................................................................................. 93
11.2 Important Standards and Regulations............................................................................................................................................. 95
11.3 Estimated Calculation of the Cooling Load for Individual Rooms According to the HEA Method ................................................... 96
11.4 Minimum Requirements for Hot Water Cylinder / Circulating Pump ............................................................................................... 98
11.5 Order form for (heating/cooling) heat pump start-up....................................................................................................................... 99

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1 Selection and Dimensioning of Heat Pumps for Heating and

Cooling
1.1

Calculating the Heat Consumption of the Building

The maximum hourly heat consumption 4his calculated

according to the respective national standards. It is possible to
estimate the approximate heat consumption using the living
space A (m2) that is to be heated:

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T = 0.03 kW/m2

Low-energy house

T = 0.05 kW/m2

acc. to German Heat Conservation Provision 95

or
the EnEV (Energy Saving Regulation) minimum
insulation standard

T = 0.08 kW/m2

for a house with normal

thermal insulation (built approx. in 1980 or later)

T = 0.12 kW/m2

for older walls without

special thermal insulation

Dimensioning flow temperatures

When dimensioning the heat distribution system of a heat pump
heating system, it should be borne in mind that the required heat
consumption should be based on the lowest possible flow
temperatures, because every 1 C reduction in the flow
temperature for the same heating consumption yields a saving in
energy consumption of approx. 2.5 %. Extensive heating
surfaces such as underfloor heating or fan convectors with
maximum flow temperatures of about 40 C are ideal.

Table 1.1: Estimated specific heat consumption values for Germany

1.1.1

Utility Company Shut-Off Times

Many German utility companies offer a special agreement with a

lower electricity tariff when heat pumps are used. According to
the German Federal Tariff Ordinance, the utility company may
offer such an agreement if it is able to switch off and block heat
pumps at times of peak demand in the supply network.
The heat pump is then no longer available for heating the house
during these shut-off times. Therefore, surplus energy must be
produced during the periods in which the heat pump is not
available for use. Hence, the heat pump should be
overdimensioned to allow for this.

1.1.2

Blocking time (total)

Dimensioning factor

2h

1.1

4h

1.2

6h

1.3

Table 1.2: Dimensioning factor f for taking shut-off times into consideration

DHW heating

To meet normal requirements regarding comfort, allowance

should be made for a peak hot water consumption of approx. 80100 litres per person per day, based on a hot water temperature
of 45 C. In this case, allowance should be made for a heat
output of 0.2 kW per person.
The maximum possible number of persons should be assumed
when dimensioning, and any special usage (e.g. a spa bath)
should also be taken into consideration.
The heat pump manager regulates domestic hot water
preparation. It activates hot water preparation depending on
need and on the type of operation. In the case of reversible heat
pumps equipped with an additional heat exchanger, the waste
heat produced in cooling operation can be used for domestic hot
water preparation.
When an electrically-operated flange heater is used in the hot
water cylinder for hot water preparation, this can be used in the
calculation of the design (e.g. -16 C). In this case, the heat
output for DHW preparation does not need to be added to the
heating load.

Circulation pipes
Circulation pipes immediately provide hot water at the extraction
point, but this also considerably increases the amount of heat
required for hot water heating. The increase in consumption
which should be allowed for is dependent on the runtime, the

Utility company shut-off times normally last up to 4 hours a day,

which must be allowed for with a factor of 1.2. Shut-off times of
up to even 6 hours are permissible. These are then allowed for
with a factor of 1.3.

length of the circulation pipes and the quality of the pipe

insulation. If a circulation system can not be dispensed with
because of long pipe runs, a circulation pump should be used
which can be activated by a flow sensor, pushbutton, etc. if
required.

NOTE
In order to comply with paragraph 12 (4) of the German Energy Efficiency
Ordinance, circulation pumps in hot water systems must be equipped
with an automatic switch-on/switch-off mechanism.
The surface-related heat loss of the domestic water distribution system
depends on both the surface area and the type and position of the
circulation pipework. For a surface area ranging from 100 to 150 m and
distribution within the thermal envelope, the surface-related heat losses
according to the German EnEV are:

9.8 [kWh/m a] with a circulation system

4.2 [kWh/ma] without a circulation system

ATTENTION!
Circulation pipes increase the number of requests for hot water due to
heat losses. In case of active cooling without additional heat exchangers,
every request for hot water causes an interruption of the cooling
operation (see Chapt. 7.3 on pp. 66).

Selection and Dimensioning of Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling

1.2

Method for Calculating the Cooling Requirements of the Building

Cooling systems are used to prevent rooms from overheating

due to the effects of undesired heat loads. The cooling capacity
is determined primarily by the outdoor climate, the requirements
for the indoor environment, the internal and external heat loads,
as well as the orientation and the construction of the building.

ATTENTION!
Due to the strong influence of solar radiation and internal heat loads, it is
not possible to make an estimate of the cooling requirements simply on
the basis of the surfaces to be cooled.
Internal loads include e.g. waste heat from appliances and
lighting, as well as the occupants themselves. External loads are
defined as the heat input caused by solar radiation and
transmission heat gains from the surfaces enclosing rooms, as
well as ventilation gains caused by the entry of warmer air from
outside.
The cooling load in air-conditioned rooms is calculated according
to the respective national standards. In Germany, for example,
the national standard is VDI 2078 (VDI cooling load regulations).
This guideline contains two calculation methods (the short
method and the computer method), as well as additional
information for calculating the cooling load of air-conditioned
rooms and buildings. The computer method does not serve to
improve accuracy for standard conditions. However, it can be
used to expand the range of applications to include almost any

1.3
1.3.1

boundary conditions (variable blind systems, room temperature,

etc.). In actual use, this method is too complex for standard
conditions.
In the case of simple types of buildings such as offices, doctors'
practices, shops or private residences, it is practical to make a
rough calculation with values based on past experience or using
the so-called HEA short method from the German Fachverband
fr Energie-Marketing und -Anwendung e.V. (English: Trade
Association for Energy Marketing and Use).

NOTE
Visit www.dimplex.de to use our online planner to calculate the
approximate cooling load.
The values specified by this method are calculated on the basis
of the VDI 2078 cooling load regulations (Chapt. 11.3 on pp. 96).
The calculation is based on a room temperature of 27 C, an
external temperature of 32 C and continuous operation of the
cooler.

NOTE
The cooling requirements of the building are calculated by adding
together the cooling loads of the individual rooms. Depending on the type
of building, a simultaneity factor can be used under certain
circumstances, because rooms on the east and west sides do not have to
dissipate solar heat loads simultaneously.

Checking the Operating Limits

Maximum Heat Output of the Heat Pump

If the heat consumption of the building is higher than its cooling

requirements, the heat pump should be configured for heating
operation. It must then be checked whether the cooling output of
the heat pump system is higher than the cooling requirement of
the building.

1.3.1.1

1.3.1.2

Chapt. 1.5.3 on pp. 9 shows possibilities for reducing the cooling

requirements of the building calculated for each room.
If the heat consumption of the building is lower than its cooling
requirements, the heat pump can also be configured for cooling
requirements and the heat pump can be combined with a second
heat generator during heating operation.

Monovalent operation

In this mode of operation, the heat pump covers the heat

consumption of the building throughout the whole year - 100 % by itself. Brine-to-water and water-to-water heat pumps are
normally operated in monovalent mode. Refer to the Device
Information of the respective device for the actual heat outputs at
each respective flow temperature and minimum heat source
temperatures.

Brine-to-water
heat pump

Water-to-water
heat pump

35C

35C

Minimum heat
source
temperature

Brine 0 C

Ground water 10 C

Operating point for

determination of
the heat output

B0 / W35

W10 / W35

Maximum
flow temperature

Table 1.3: Example of calculating the heat output

1.3.1.2

Mono Energy Operation

Air-to-water heat pumps are primarily operated in mono energy

systems. The heat pump should cover at least 95 % of the heat
consumption. At lower temperatures and high heat consumption,
an electrically operated immersion heater is switched on
automatically.
In the case of mono energy systems, dimensioning of the heat
pump output has a particularly strong influence on the level of the
investment and the annual heating costs.

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The higher the annual energy demand for heating met by the
heat pump, the greater the investment costs and the lower the
annual operating costs.
Experience has shown that in Germany, a heat pump output
should be selected which cuts the heating characteristic curve at
a theoretical limit temperature (or bivalence point) of approx.
5 C.
According to the DIN 4701 T10 standard, this yields a 2 % ratio
for the 2nd heat generator (e.g. immersion heater) when
operated as a bivalent-parallel system.

1.3.1.3

Example from Table 1.4 on pp. 6

A bivalence point of -5 C yields a heat pump proportion of
approx. 98 % for a bivalent-parallel (mono energy) mode of
operation.
Bivalence point [C]

-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

Coverage ratio [-] for

biv.-paral. operation

1.00

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96

0.95

0.93

0.90

0.87

0.83

0.77

0.70

0.61

Coverage ratio [-] for

biv.- altern. operation

0.96

0.96

0.95

0.94

0.93

0.91

0.87

0.83

0.78

0.71

0.64

0.55

0.46

0.37

0.28

0.19

Table 1.4: Coverage ratio of the heat pump of a mono energy system or a system operated bivalently according to bivalence point and mode of operation (source:
Table 5.3-4 DIN 4701 T10)

Example:

Dimensioning the immersion heater

A reversible air-to-water heat pump operated in mono energy

mode LA 16ASR with immersion heater in the buffer tank, a
maximum daily shut-off time of 2 hours and central domestic hot
water preparation for 5 persons.

Heat output of the heat pump on the coldest day

Output of the supplementary electric heating system

Heat consumption of
house to be heated

Additional heat requirement

for hot water preparation

Example:
13.5 kW
1 kW

(Heat consumption + hot water preparation) x shut-off time factor

16 kW
= (13.5 kW+ 1 kW) x 1.1
The calculated value (16 kW) is equal to the required heat output
of the heat pump. It is entered in the heat output diagram of the
heat pump on the basis of the standard outside temperature (e.g.
-16 C according to EN 12831) at the selected flow temperature
(35 C) point 1.
The heat pump is dimensioned on the basis of the heat
consumption of the building in relation to the outside
temperature. It is entered in the heat output diagram of the heat
pump in simplified form as a straight line. When using this
procedure, it is assumed that no more heat output (straight line 2)
will be required above an external temperature of 20 C (= air
intake temperature of the heat pump).
The intersection of the dotted straight line (end point at 20 C /
0 kW) and the heat output curve determines the theoretical
bivalence point (-5 C) (point 3).
The bivalence point is often lower in practice because of actual
usage (e.g. unheated bedrooms, reduced temperature in a
hobby room).

1.3.1.3

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In the selected example, an LA 16ASR should be dimensioned

with heating elements that have an electrical output of 7.5 kW for
the selected example.


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Heat output curve for heating water flow temperatures of 35 C

Bivalent-Parallel Operation

When a system is operated as a bivalent-parallel system (e.g.

existing older building), the heat pump is combined with a second
heat generator (e.g. oil or gas boiler). The heat pump controller
activates the second heat generator below an adjustable
external temperature (bivalence point < 4C) as required.
In the case of large systems with high heat consumption, heat
pumps can meet a large proportion of the annual heat output with
a relatively low heat output. The heat output of the heat pump
should be dimensioned so that the heat pump can meet the
required heat output independently during transition periods. If
there is increased heat consumption, the controller switches on
the second heat generator according to need. The large number
of heat pump operating hours results in clear savings. The
efficiency of the second heat generator (e.g. oil boiler) is also
improved because short runtimes are eliminated.
A prerequisite for a bivalent system is that the system should be
planned for long-term operation as a bivalent system.

Total heat consumption on the coldest day

NOTE
Experience has shown that, in the case of bivalent systems used in
modernisation projects, the existing oil or gas boiler is taken out of
service after a few years, for a variety of reasons. Therefore,
dimensioning in the renovation sector should always be carried out
analogous to the mono energy system (bivalence point is approx. -5 C).
At the same time, the buffer tank should also be integrated into the heat
flow. This enables problem-free conversion of the system to mono energy
operation at a later date.

Selection and Dimensioning of Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling

1.3.1.4

Bivalent renewable operating mode

The heat pump manager has a separate operating mode for the
integration of renewable heat sources such as solid fuel boilers
or thermal solar energy systems. The bivalent-renewable
operating mode can be chosen during the preconfiguration. In
this operating mode, the heat pump heating system responds
like a mono energy system; when heat is supplied by the
renewable heat source, the heat pump is automatically blocked
and the heat generated by the renewable heat source is mixed
into the heating system. The mixer outputs of the bivalence mixer
(M21) are active.
If the temperature in the renewable cylinder is high enough, the
heat pump is also blocked during domestic hot water preparation
or swimming pool requests.
Heat pumps which are not equipped with a flow sensor (R9) must
be retrofitted.

1.3.2

1.3.2

ATTENTION!
In reversible heat pumps or heat pump heating systems with a third
heating circuit, bivalent-renewable is not available since the sensor
(R13) is already in use.



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Circuit diagram for heating operation with a solid fuel boiler

Maximum Cooling Capacity of the Heat Pump

If the maximum required cooling capacity of a building is already

known (see also Chapt. 1.2 on pp. 5), it must be checked to
ensure that the heat pump can supply this refrigerating capacity
under the required boundary conditions. It is particularly
important to check the operating limits of the particular type of
heat pump used.
The cooling capacity of passive cooling systems (see Chapt. 2
on pp. 10) is based on the type and dimensioning of the cold
source (e.g. borehole heat exchanger), the volume flow and the
installed heat exchanger (see Device Information in Chapt. 6 on
pp. 60).
The cooling capacity of a reversible air-to-water heat pump is
chiefly dependent on the required flow temperature and the
outside air temperature. The higher the flow temperature and the
lower the external temperature, the greater the cooling capacity
of the heat pump.

Example:
What cooling capacity is available according to the output curve
in Fig. 1.3 on pp. 7 at a max. external temperature of 35 C?


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Cooling capacity of a reversible heat pump (see also Chapt. 4.5.8

on pp. 30)

According to Fig. 1.3 on pp. 7, this yields the following maximum

cooling capacities based on flow temperatures in cooling
operation:

Cooling
capacity

Type of heat pump

Flow temp.

Air-to-water

18C

14.3 kW

Air-to-water

8C

10.7 kW

www.dimplex.de

1.4

1.4

Parallel Connection of Heat Pumps for Heating Purposes

A higher heat consumption can be met by connecting heat

pumps in parallel. Different heat pump types can be used
depending on the need. Large systems with more than three heat
pumps switched in parallel are normally switched and
disconnected using a higher-level load management system.

1.4.1

A parallel connection of heat pumps is also possible without a

higher-level regulation system through the existing heat pump
manager:

Heating / Cooling Operation Only

The same heating curves / return flow set temperatures are set
for all heat pump managers. The set hysteresis and the switching
cycle blocks defined by the control system lead to an interaction
of the individual heat pumps.

temperatures which corresponds to the hysteresis (e.g. 1-2K) is

recommended.

If heating operation via one heat pump is perferred, then a lower

return flow set temperature is set for the remaining heat pumps.
A maximum deviation of the different return flow set

With parallel connection, the same heating curve should be set on all heat
pump managers. The priorities can be influenced, e.g. in order to
compensate the number of operating hours, by altering the indicator bar
via the arrow keys Hotter and Colder.

Bivalent operation
::0

97%

In bivalent systems with DHW preparation, the hydraulic and

controller-related allocation of the boiler to a single heat pump
makes the parallel operation of heating and DHW preparation
possible (Fig. 1.4 on pp. 8).

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The boiler must not be put into operation until all heat pumps are
active. In order to ensure this, the heat pump manager which
gives the release signal for the boiler is allocated the lowest
target value.

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NOTE
When dimensioning the hydraulics, special attention must be paid to the
required heating water flows of the individual heat generators.

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7

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NOTE

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1.4.3

Swimming pool water preparation

The swimming pool request is processed when neither a heating

request nor a hot water request is present. For this reason, the
swimming pool preparation should be switched to the heat pump
which was the last to be connected in heating operation.

1.5

blocks defined by the control system, lead to an interaction of the

individual heat pumps.

Cooling Operation with Waste Heat Recovery

The additional heat exchanger installed in the cooling circuit of

the heat pump makes it possible for the waste heat produced in
cooling operation to be used for DHW and swimming pool water
preparation. If reversible heat pumps with and without additional
heat exchangers are combined, the heat pump with an additional

need. For efficient operation, priority should be given to the use

of heat pumps with waste heat recovery (Chapt. 7.3.2 on pp. 66).

Cooling Operation without Waste Heat Recovery

The same return flow set temperatures are set for all heat pump
managers. The set hysteresis, as well as the switching cycle

1.5.2

NOTE
In systems with swimming pool water preparation, the return flow sensor
in the heating circuit must be switched to an additional sensor in the
swimming pool circuit during swimming pool water preparation.

Parallel Connection of Heat Pumps for Cooling Purposes

A higher cooling requirement can be met by connecting heat

pumps in parallel. Reversible heat pumps - with and without
additional heat exchangers - can also be combined according to

1.5.1

Parallel Connection with Bivalent DHW Preparation

heat exchanger is allocated the lower target value so that the

waste heat can be used with priority.

Selection and Dimensioning of Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling

1.5.3

1.5.3

Measures to Reduce the Cooling Load of the Building

The building's cooling load is calculated by adding up the cooling

loads of the individual rooms. If this sum exceeds the available
cooling capacity, check the following:
Can the cooling load be reduced through simple building
measures (e.g. by using external sunblinds)?
Can the same cooling capacity also be supplied at higher
flow temperatures by increasing the surface area of the heat
exchanger?
Are the calculated maximum cooling loads of the individual
rooms actually to be calculated as being simultaneous,
because, for example, rooms on the east and west sides are
not heated simultaneously by solar radiation?
Can the cooling load be reduced during the day by cooling
parts of the building's structure at night (thermal activation of
structural building parts)?

www.dimplex.de

If despite these measures, the cooling capacity of the heat pump

is still not sufficient, rooms with high heat loads can be equipped
with supplementary air conditioners. For reasons of energy
efficiency, these air conditioners should only operate when the
heat pump can not cover the total cooling load.

NOTE
In cooling operation, heat pumps normally make use of special tariffs
from the utility companies (see Chapt. 1.1.1 on pp. 4). During shut-off
times, cooling operation must be ensured using suitable cooling storage
(e.g. thermal activation of structural building parts) (see Chapt. 3.7 on
pp. 15). If this is not possible, an electricity tariff without shut-off times
must be selected.

2 Generation of Refrigerating Capacity

2.1

Passive Cooling

In the summer, the ground and the ground water are significantly
colder at greater depths than the ambient temperature. A plate
heat exchanger installed in the ground water or brine circuit,

2.1.1

transfers the refrigerating capacity to the heating and cooling

circuit. The heat pump compressor is not active and is therefore
available for domestic hot water preparation.

Passive Cooling with Parallel Domestic Hot Water Preparation

1)

The compressor raises the temperature level of the

refrigerant circulating in a closed cycle. This increases the
temperature of the gaseous refrigerant.

6)

For parallel operation of central domestic hot water

preparation and passive cooling, both systems are
hydraulically isolated from each other by reversing valves.

2)

Heat is transferred to the heating water in the liquefier (heat

exchanger). The refrigerant cools and volatilises.

7)

The cooled heating water flows through the fan convector

which extracts heat from the indoor air (dynamic cooling).

3)

The refrigerant expands in the expansion valve (drops in

pressure) and continues to cool down.

8)

4)

Borehole heat exchangers utilise the constant temperature

level in the deeper ground layers as a heat source for
domestic hot water preparation and as a cold source for
passive cooling.

Cooled water flows through a pipe system laid in the floor,

walls or ceiling. This cools the surface of the structural part
of the building (silent cooling).

9)

Reversing valves direct the heating water via the passive

heat exchanger and thus cool it down.

5)

10) By activating the brine-to-water circulating pump for cooling

purposes, the energy of the heating water is transferred via
a heat exchanger to the brine circuit and discharged into the
ground.

The environmental energy absorbed by the borehole heat

exchanger is transferred to a refrigerant in the evaporator
(heat exchanger). The refrigerant heats up and evaporates.

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Fig. 2.1:

10

Passive cooling cycle with parallel domestic hot water preparation

Generation of Refrigerating Capacity

2.1.2

Passive Cooling with Ground Water

In compliance with the VDI 4640 standard, most regions

welcome a cooling of the ground water e.g. through the use of a
heat pump for heating purposes. Increasing the temperature by
cooling, on the other hand, is only acceptable within strict limits.
A temperature of 20 C should not be exceeded when the heat is
discharged into the ground water. In addition, the temperature
change of the ground water returned to the absorption well must
not exceed 6 K.

2.1.3

2.1.4

Summary:
Passive cooling with ground water is a feasible option. The heat
exchanger and the flow rate should be dimensioned so that the
water returned to the absorption well is heated by a maximum of
6 K. The widely differing requirements made by the respective
regional water authorities must also be adhered to. A water
analysis must be carried out in order to ascertain the material
compatibility with the installed heat exchanger.

Passive Cooling with Ground Heat Collectors Laid Horizontally

Normally, ground heat collectors laid horizontally close to the

surface are not a reliable cold source for passive cooling. Fig. 2.2
on pp. 11 illustrates the annual temperature curve. It shows that
the summer temperatures close to the surface are too high for
effective cooling operation. On August 1st, the collector
temperature is already over 15 C even without heat being
discharged.

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The temperature of the collector increases due to the discharged

waste heat and functions as a kind of energy store. According to
VDI 4640 Parts 3, 3.2, this can have negative effects on the flora
and fauna found on the surface.

P

NOTE
The use of a ground heat collector for cooling requirements can cause
the ground around the collector to dry out. The ground shrinkage caused
by this in turn leads to a reduction in the contact between the ground and
the ground heat collector. This adversely affects heating operation.

P

Fig. 2.2:

2.1.4

&

Ground temperatures close to the surface in C for undisturbed

ground.

Passive Cooling with Borehole Heat Exchangers

Borehole heat exchangers utilise the constant temperature level

(approx. 10 C) in the deeper ground layers as a cold source for
cooling. Because these systems use a closed cycle, no water
authority regulations must be fulfilled (see Fig. 2.1 on pp. 10).

1
5

NOTE

7
;

The temperature level in big cities is often considerably lower than that in
more rural areas, which can mean that passive cooling is not possible.

5
;

The transferable refrigerating capacities are normally sufficient

for use on residential properties because cooling is only
necessary a few days each year. Permanent cooling e.g. of
commercial properties or of large cooling loads due to internal
heat loads (e.g. light/personnel/electrical devices) will gradually
heat up the borehole heat exchanger and reduce its maximum
cooling capacity.

0

NOTE
If set cooling capacities must be guaranteed or the annual cooling
consumption exceeds the annual heating consumption, the borehole
heat exchanger must be dimensioned for both heating and cooling
operation. A precise calculation of the output taking heating the borehole
heat exchanger into account, can only be made on the basis of a
numerical simulation carried out using an appropriate software package.
Both geological and hydro-geological knowledge is also required.

www.dimplex.de

Fig. 2.3:

Passive cooling station for brine-to-water heat pumps

11

2.2

2.2

Active Cooling

Heat pumps for heating and cooling purposes operate with a

refrigerating circuit which can be reversed using a four-way
reversing valve. In the case of these reversible heat pumps, an
existing temperature level becomes 'active', i.e. it is cooled using
the compressor output of the heat pump.
The criterion for switching the heat pump on and off in cooling
operation is the return flow temperature. The actual return flow

2.2.1

temperature is derived from the generated refrigerating capacity

and the water flow produced in the generator circuit.

NOTE
Switching the heat pump on in cooling operation is only possible with
return flow temperatures of more than 12 C, in order to prevent the
minimum possible flow temperature of 8 C from being undershot.

Active Cooling with Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

Reversible air-to-water heat pumps utilise the inexhaustible

supplies of outside air for both heating and cooling. This means
that within the operating limits, it is only necessary to calculate
the maximum cooling load, not the total cooling requirements of
the entire cooling season. The refrigerating circuit of the heat
pump can generate flow temperatures between 8 C and 20 C
at an external temperature above 15 C. These can be
distributed in the building using a water-bearing pipe system.

Temperature
outside air

Minimum

Maximum

Heating

-25C

+35C

Cooling

+15C

+40C

Flow
temperature

Minimum

Maximum

Heating

+18C

+55C

Cooling

+8C

+20C

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Operating limits for a reversible air-to-water heat pump

Active Cooling with Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

Active cooling with reversible brine-to-water heat pumps and

borehole heat exchangers is generally permissible up to a brine
temperature of 21 C in the heat exchanger (average weekly
value) or a peak value of 27 C. Active cooling enables an
increase in the cooling capacity and yields constant flow
temperatures. The maximum available cooling capacity for a
cooling season should be dimensioned as for passive cooling.

Heat exchanger design

The borehole heat exchanger, which in heating operation serves
as a heat source for the brine-to-water heat pump, should be
designed according to the refrigerating capacity of the heat

12



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pump. This can be calculated using the heat output minus the
electric power consumption of the heat pump as calculated in the
design.
The heat output to be discharged in cooling operation is
calculated using the cooling output of the heat pump plus the
electric power consumption of the heat pump as calculated in the
design.

NOTE
The heat output transferred to the borehole heat exchanger in active
cooling operation is higher than the refrigerating output extracted in
heating operation.

Heating and Cooling with a Single System

3.5

3 Heating and Cooling with a Single System

3.1

Energy-Efficient Operation

In the same way that national standards demand building and

system-specific measures for reducing the heating energy
consumption, measures should also be taken to save energy by
thermally insulating buildings for the warm summer months.
Cooling loads in any room that can nevertheless not be avoided
using such measures can be discharged by introducing cooled
air, by cooling the air using a heat exchanger installed in the
room or by directly cooling structural parts of the building.

3.2

Depending on the type of cooling distribution system installed,

cooling water flow temperatures can be reduced to a minimum of
approx. 16 C to 18 C for surface cooling systems and approx.
8 C for fan convectors.

ATTENTION!
A combined heating and cooling system must be insulated to prevent the
formation of moisture in cooling operation.

Cooling Load

The total capacity of the chiller is equal to the sum of the

sensitive and latent cooling capacities transferred from the
cooling system. The cooling load is the sum of all acting
convective heat flows which must be discharged if the desired air
temperature in a room is to be maintained.
The sensitive cooling load is the heat flow which must be
discharged from the room to maintain a desired air
temperature with a constant humidity content. It is equal to
the sum of the calculated convection heat flows.

3.5

Two different temperature levels are available in cooling

operation: Constant return temperatures for dynamic cooling
(see Chapt. 3.5 on pp. 13) and reference dew point-controlled
flow temperatures for silent cooling (see Chapt. 3.6 on pp. 14).

Hydraulic Requirements of a Combined Heating and Cooling System

In heating operation, the heat output generated by the heat pump

is transferred to a water-bearing pipe system via the circulating
pump. Switching to the cooling mode transfers the generated
refrigerating capacity to the heat distribution system which is also
designed for distributing cold water (see Chapt. 9 on pp. 73).
Making double use of the distribution system reduces the
additional investment costs for cooling.

3.4

In the case of reversible heat pumps with additional internal heat

exchangers, the waste heat produced in cooling operation can
be used for domestic hot water preparation and for supplying
additional heat consumers. This will lower the total primary
energy consumption.

Regulation of a Combined Heating and Cooling System

The heat pump regulation system - the so-called heat pump

manager - is capable of regulating a combined heating and
cooling system and distributing the waste heat produced in
cooling operation to the available heat consumers (e.g. domestic
hot water preparation) (see Chapt. 7 on pp. 65).

3.3

NOTE
In order to increase effectiveness, dimensioning of the combined heating
and cooling system should be implemented with heating water temperatures
that are as low as possible and cooling water temperatures that are as high
as possible.

The latent cooling load is the heat flow required to

condense a mass flow of steam at air temperature so that
the desired humidity content in the room can be maintained
at a constant air temperature.

NOTE
If the cooling water temperatures are above the dew point, no condensate
is produced and the total cooling load is equal to the sensitive cooling
load.

Dynamic Cooling

The indoor air flows through a heat exchanger in which the

cooling water circulates. The use of flow temperatures below the
dew point enables the transfer of greater cooling capacities by
reducing the sensitive stored heat in the indoor air and
simultaneously dehumidifying it by producing condensate (latent
heat).

NOTE
A climate controller which has particular requirements regarding the
humidity in a room can only be used in combination with an airconditioning system with active humidification and dehumidification.

www.dimplex.de

13

3.5.1

3.5.1

Fan convectors

Fan convectors that are designed as case, wall or cassette

devices offer the option of dynamic cooling using a
decentralized, modular system. Integrated ventilators ensure
multi-level controllable air recirculation, variable cooling
capacities and short response times. Fan convectors are not only
used solely to cool the air, they can also be used for combined
heating and cooling.
The cooling capacity of a fan convector is essentially dependent
on the size, air volume flow, the relative humidity of the ambient
air as calculated in the design, and the cooling water flow
temperature and spread. If the requirements in the DIN 1946 T2
standard are taken into consideration when the device is
dimensioned, specific cooling capacities ranging from 30 to
60 W/m are feasible. By following the standard practice of
dimensioning the device for a medium fan level, the user has the
option of reacting quickly to varying heat loads (fast fan level).

NOTE

Fig. 3.1:

Fan convector for heating and cooling

To ensure the minimum water flow rate through the chiller for all possible
operating conditions, we recommend the use of fan convectors. These
regulate using different fan levels, but do not reduce or block the water
flow. The recommended design temperature is 10 C / 14 C.

3.5.2

Cooling with Ventilation Systems

Besides dissipating heat loads, the required minimum air

exchanges must also be ensured during cooling. A controlled
domestic ventilation unit is a useful supplement to the cooling
and can permit a defined exchange of air.
If necessary, the fresh air flow can be heated or cooled using socalled heating and cooling coils.

3.6

With silent cooling, pipes with water flowing through them which
are integrated into the surfaces surrounding rooms (e.g. walls)
are used.

Underfloor Cooling

New buildings can be also cooled with panel heating during

warmer times of the year with relatively low additional regulation
and system-specific costs. According to the Taschenbuch fr
Heizung und Klimatechnik (English: Paperback for Heating and
Air-Conditioning Technology), the cooling capacity of the floor is
limited by the minimum permissible air temperature, in
accordance with DIN 1946 T2, of 21 C at a height of 0.1 m and
the permissible vertical air temperature gradient of 2 K/m.
This results in an average cooling capacity of approx. 25 to 35 W/
m. If the sun shines directly on the floor, for example, in front of
French windows, this value can rise to peak values of up to 100
W/m.

ATTENTION!
The floor construction must be approved by the manufacturer as suitable
for cooling. This applies particularly to screed floors.

14

It increases the heat load of the room

The cooling capacity is often insufficient,

particularly with silent cooling

There is danger of condensate forming in the ventilation area

around the window

Silent Cooling

Silent cooling works by absorbing heat from cooled floor, wall or

ceiling surfaces. The refrigerant temperatures are above the dew
point to prevent the formation of condensate on the surface. The
transferable cooling capacities depend largely on external
influencing factors (e.g. humidity).

3.6.1

NOTE
Open windows should not be used for continuous ventilation in cooling
operation for the following reasons:

NOTE
When existing panel heating systems (e.g. underfloor heating) are used
for cooling, there are only minor additional investment costs. The flow
temperatures should be set above the dew point to prevent draughts and
a too larger difference in temperature to the external temperature (sick
building syndrome).

Heating and Cooling with a Single System

3.6.2

Cooled Ceilings

A cooled ceiling is a high-capacity and convenient solution for

dissipating heat. We would normally recommend combining the
use of a cooled ceiling with a ventilation system to limit the
ambient air humidity. The performance of a cooled ceiling
depends on its design (closed, open or cooled ceiling panels).
The cooling surface absorbs the sensitive heat from the room

3.7

3.8.1

through radiation and convection. Depending on the system, the

specific cooling capacity can be 40 to 80 (max. 100 W/m) for an
enclosed ceiling, or up to 150 W/m for open ceilings on account
of the higher convection rate. When planning and designing the
system, it is particularly important to prevent unwanted draughts.

Thermal Activation of Structural Building Parts

When designing the thermal activation of structural building

parts, specialist planning must be undertaken to make use of the
properties of unpanelled storage mass in a building to store and
emit thermal energy as required. The water circulating in the
pipes charges the concrete heat storage mass for the following
day to enable automatic energy compensation depending on the
room temperature. Individual, instantaneous and room-oriented

3.8

3.8.2

temperature regulation is not possible due to the inertia of the

system. The attainable cooling capacity is approx. 25 to 40 W/m
over a limited usage period of approx. 10 h. This delays the
progression of the room temperature. To dissipate higher
thermal loads or instantaneous peak values, we recommend
using a combination with cooled ceiling panels or cooling
convectors as well as an air-conditioning system.

Comfort
Thermal Behaviour of Humans

Humans generate heat to maintain their bodily functions. The

heat is produced by burning the absorbed nutrients with inhaled
oxygen. If the performance of the human body increases, the
quantity of transferred thermal energy also increases. Table 3.1
on pp. 15 shows the heat transfer based on different human
activities. When performing light office work, a person of average
resilience and size has an average heat transfer of approx.
120 Watt. The same person has a heat transfer of 150 Watts
when performing light house work or light manual work, and over
200 Watt for the performance of moderately heavy or heavy
work.

Degree of
activity

Activity Examples

Heat transfer per

person (sensitive
and latent)

Static activity such as reading

or writing while sitting

120 W

II

Light work such as work in a

laboratory, typing, or carrying
out similar types of light work
when sitting or standing

150 W

III

Light manual work

190 W

IV

Moderately heavy to heavy

manual work

Over 200 W

Table 3.1: Heat transfer per person

Room Temperature

There is no definitive room temperature, for example 20 C, at

which a person feels most comfortable. Comfort is also
dependent on a large number of other factors, particularly the
mean temperature of the space-enclosing surfaces including the
heating surfaces, as well as clothing and activity. This type of
temperature data is always dependent on certain average
conditions.
A comfortable room temperature is always strongly dependent
on the external temperature. Fig. 3.2 on pp. 15 represents the
range of comfortable room temperatures. The internal cooling
temperature should normally be only approx. 3 to 6 C below the
external temperature, because, otherwise, a cold shock can
occur when moving from the warm outdoors to the cold indoors
(sick building). Raising the maximum permissible room
temperature based on external temperatures will result in a
pronounced lowering of peak output.



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Range of comfortable temperatures

15

3.8.3

Humidity Content in Indoor Air

Humans do not perceive humidity directly. For this reason,

humans feel comfortable within a relatively wide humidity range
of between approx. 35 and 70 %. The upper humidity limit is
specified in DIN 1946, Part 2, as 11.5 g of water per kg of dry air,
whereby the relative humidity must not exceed 65 %. Fig. 3.3 on
pp. 16 specifies - in relation to the room temperature - which
relative humidity values are perceived as being comfortable.
Higher humidity values are permissible when room temperatures
are low, because less moisture evaporates on the surface of the
body meaning that no additional heat is transferred. In contrast,
additional heat transfer is desired at high room temperatures
and, therefore, lower humidity values are permissible in this
case.



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Fig. 3.3:

Air Circulation within a Room

The air circulation also influences whether a person feels

comfortable. Air velocities that are too high are noticeable in the
form of draughts. These are particularly unpleasant if the
temperature difference between body temperature and the
inblown fresh air is too large, because this results in a greater
heat exchange on the surface of the body. The parts of the body
affected by the inblown fresh air is also important. The neck and
feet are particularly sensitive. For the occupants of lounges and
especially lecture theatres, we recommend supplying fresh air
from the front, for this reason. Air velocities of over 0.2 m/sec
should generally be avoided in occupied areas. Note that with
dynamic cooling (e.g. fan convectors) the number of air
exchanges (volume flow / room volume) should be between 3
and 5, and should generally not exceed a value of 10.



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Fig. 3.4:

16

Comfort in relation to the relative humidity of the ambient air and the
room temperature

Area of comfort in relation to air velocity and room temperature

(relative humidity 30-70 %, temperature of the surfaces enclosing
rooms 19 -23 C)

Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.2

4 Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

Recommended Installation
The air-to-water heat pump should preferably be installed
outdoors. This is a simple, economical installation option
because the requirements placed on the foundations are minimal
and this set-up avoids the need for air ducts. Installation is to be
done in compliance with the regulations set down in the relevant
federal building codes. If outdoor installation is not possible, it

4.1

should be kept in mind that condensation can form on the heat

pump, on air ducts and especially around wall openings when the
heat pump is installed in rooms with high humidity.

NOTE
The requirements for using the air as a heat source in heating operation
can be found in the Dimplex product planning and installation manual.

Air-to-water heat pumps for indoor installation

Costs for indoor installation

Air circuit (e.g. ducts)
Wall openings
Condensate outflow

General
An air-to-water heat pump should not be installed in the living
quarters of a building. In extreme circumstances, outside air as
cold as -25 C may pass through the heat pump. This can lead to
the formation of condensation in the area around wall openings
and air duct connections in rooms with high humidity, e.g.
kitchens and laundry rooms, eventually resulting in damage to
the building. The formation of condensation cannot be avoided
(even with good thermal insulation) if the ambient air humidity
exceeds 50 % and the external temperature is below 0 C.
Unheated rooms such as cellars, storerooms, and garages are
therefore more suitable installation locations.

NOTE
For a higher degree of sound protection, the air outlet should be over a
90 bend, or outdoor installation should be selected.
If the heat pump is installed on an upper storey, the load-bearing
capacity of the ceiling should be checked. Installation on wooden
floors is not recommended.

NOTE
If the heat pump is installed above inhabited rooms, constructional
measures for solid-borne sound insulation are required.

Air circuit
Air-to-water heat pumps installed indoors must be supplied with
a sufficient air volume flow to ensure efficient and smooth
operation. This is based primarily on the heat output of the
swimming pool heat pump and lies between 2.500 and 9.000m/
h. The minimum dimensions for the air duct must be observed.
The air circuit from the air intake to the heat pump to the air outlet
should be constructed in such a way that the air flow is impeded
as little as possible to avoid unnecessary drag.

4.2

Air-to-water heat pumps for outdoor installation

Costs for outdoor installation

Frost-proof foundation
Laying insulating heating pipes for flow and return flow in the
ground
Laying electrical connecting and main cables in the ground.
Wall openings for connecting pipes
Condensate outflow (frost-proof)
Follow federal building codes if applicable

Installation
Heat pumps for outdoor installation are equipped with specially
coated panels and are therefore weatherproof.
The device should always be installed on a permanently even
and horizontal surface. Frost-proof paving slabs or foundations
are suitable as a base. The entire frame should lie directly on the
ground to ensure a good soundproof seal and to prevent the
water-bearing components from becoming too cold. If there are
any gaps, these should be sealed with weatherproof insulating
material.

Sound insulation measures

The lowest noise emissions are achieved if, from the air outlet
side at a surrounding distance of 3-5 meters, there is no sound
reflection through reverberative surfaces (i.e. facade).
Additionally, the foundation can be covered up to the height of
the covering panels with sound-absorbing material (e.g. bark
mulch).

NOTE
Noise emissions from heat pumps depend on their respective sound
power levels and the installation conditions.

Air short circuit

The heat pump must be installed in such a way that the air cooled
by the extraction of heat is blown out freely. In cases of
installation close to a wall, the air outlet must not face towards
the wall.
Installation in a hollow or in an inner courtyard is not permitted
because cooled air collects at ground level and is drawn in again
by the heat pump during lengthy operation.

Minimum clearances
It must be possible to carry out maintenance work without
hindrance. This can be ensured by maintaining a clearance of
1.2 m from any solid walls.

www.dimplex.de

17

4.3

4.3

Device Information for Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Indoor Installation

4.3.1

Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pump in Compact Design - 230V

Device information for air-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

LIK 8MER

2.1

Model / installation location:

2.2

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529 for compact devices and heating

components

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

3.2
3.3

Compact / indoor

Heating water flow / return flow

C / C

Cooling, flow

Air Heating / Cooling

C / C

Temperature spread
of heating water
Heat output / COP

5.0

at A-7 / W35 1

kW / --kW / ---

at A2 / W35 1

kW / ---

7.5 / 3.3

7.4 / 3.2

kW / ---

9.3 / 3.9

9.2 / 3.8

at A10 / W35

5.8 / 2.7

5.5 / 2.6
5.4 / 2.1

8.8 / 3.2

kW / --1

9.8 / 4.1

9.7 / 4.0

7.5

5.0

kW / ---

7.9 / 2.7

7.9 / 2.6

kW / ---

9.6 / 3.2

9.6 / 3.2

kW / ---

7.0 / 2.0

6.9 / 2.0

kW / ---

8.5 / 2.4

kW / ---

Temperature spread
of cooling water

at A35 / W7

Cooling capacity / COP

at A27 / W7
at A27 / W18
at A35 / W7
at A35 / W18

3.6

Device / outdoors power level

dB(A) sound

3.7

Sound pressure level at a distance of 1m (indoors)

dB(A)

3.8

Heating water flow rate

with an internal pressure differential of 2

m/h / Pa

Free compression of heat circulating pump

(heating, max. level)

Pa

3.9

+7 to +20
-25 to +35 / +15 to +40

at A-7 / W45 1
at A7 / W35

3.5

up to 58 / above 18

10.0

at A7 / W35

at A7 / W45 1
3.4

IP 20

3.10 Cooling water flow

with an internal pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

3.11 Free compression of circulating pump

(cooling, max. level)

Pa

8.5 / 2.4
53 / 60
48.0

0.8 / 2700

1.6 / 11900

45000

27000

0.8 / 2700

1.2 / 6500

45000

37000

3.12 Air flow with an external static pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

2500 / 20

3.13 Refrigerant; total filling weight

type / kg

R404A / 3.3

3.14 Lubricant; total filling quantity

type / litres

3.15 Output of electric heating element (2nd heat generator)

kW

Polyolester (POE) / 1.5

2.0

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions

H x W x L cm

4.2

Device connections for heating system

Inch

4.3

Air duct inlet and outlet (min. internal dimensions)

L x W cm

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

4.5

Buffer tank volume / nominal pressure

l / bar

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

5.2

Nominal power consumption 1

5.3

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current A2 W35 / cos

A / ---

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

190 x 75 x 68
Thread 1'' external
44 x 44
250
50 / 6

V/A
A2 W35

7.1

Defrosting / type of defrosting / defrosting tray included

7.2

Heating water in device is protected against freezing 4

7.3

Perfomance levels / controller:

kW

230 / 20
2.27

2.33
30

12.3 / 0.8

12.7 / 0.8
3

automatic / reverse circulation / yes (heated)

Yes
1 / internal

1. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 and EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, other parameters,
in particular the defrosting capacity, the bivalence point and regulation, should also be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. A2 / W55, have the following meaning:
External temperature 2 C and heating water flow temperature 55 C.
2. The heat circulating pump is integrated.
3. See CE declaration of conformity
4. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

18

Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.3.2

4.3.2

Reversible air-to-water heat pump - 230V

Device information for air-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

LI 11MER

2.1

Model

Reversible

2.2

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529

2.3

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

3.2
3.3

IP 21
Indoors

Heating water flow / return flow

C / C

Cooling, flow

+7 to +20

Air (heating)

-25 to +35

Air (cooling)

Temperature spread
of heating water

at A7 / W35

Heat output / COP

at A-7 / W35 1

kW / ---

kW / ---

at A-7 / W45

3.5

3.6

7.5 / 2.8

7.0 / 2.7
6.8 / 2.3

8.9 / 3.4

8.8 / 3.3

at A7 / W35 1

kW / ---

11.1 / 4.2

11.1 / 4.0

12.1 / 4.6

12.0 / 4.4

6.5

5.0

9.4 / 3.5

kW / --1

kW / ---

at A35 / W7

Cooling capacity / COP

5.0

kW / ---

at A10 / W35
Temperature spread
of cooling water

+15 to +40
9.6

at A2 / W35 1
at A7 / W45 1
3.4

up to 58 / above 18

at A27 / W7

kW / ---

8.8 / 2.8

8.8 / 2.8

at A27 / W18

kW / ---

10.9 / 3.3

10.8 / 3.2

at A35 / W7

kW / ---

7.6 / 2.1

9.5 / 2.5

at A35 / W18

kW / ---

9.5 / 2.5

9.5 / 2.5

Sound power level device / outdoors

dB(A)

55 / 61

3.7

Sound pressure level at a distance of 1 m (indoors)

dB(A)

50

3.8

Heating water flow

with an internal pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

Cooling water flow rate

with an internal pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

3.9

3.10 Air flow with an external static pressure differential of

4200 / 0

type / litres

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions

4.2

Device connections for heating system

Inch

4.3

Air duct inlet and outlet (min. internal dimensions)

L x W cm

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

1

Nominal power consumption

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current A2 W35 / cos

A / ---

5.5

max. power consumption of compressor protection

(per compressor)

A2 W35

kW

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Defrosting / type of defrosting / defrosting tray included

Heating water in device is protected against freezing

136 x 75 x 88
Thread 1 1/4'' external
50 x 50
205

V/A

5.2

Performance levels

R404A / 3.6
Polyolester (POE) / 1.5

H x W x L cm

5.3

Controller internal/external

1.3 / 5900

2500 / 25

type / kg

7.4

1.0 / 3000

m/h / Pa

3.11 Refrigerant; total filling weight

7.3

1.9 / 10900

m/h / Pa

3.12 Lubricant; total filling quantity

7.2

1.0 / 3000

230 / 25
2.61

2.67
38

14.2 / 0.8

14.5 / 0.8
70
2

automatic / reverse circulation / yes (heated)

Yes
1
Internal

1. These data indicate the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 or EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, other parameters,
in particular the defrosting capacity, the bivalence point and regulation, should also be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. A2 / W55, have the following meaning:
2 C external air temperature and 55 C heating water flow temperature.
2. See CE declaration of conformity
3. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

www.dimplex.de

19

4.3.3

4.3.3

Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Waste Heat Recovery

Device information for air-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

LI 11TER+

LI 16TER+

2.1

Model

Reversible

Reversible

IP 21

IP 21

Indoors

Indoors

up to 58 / above 18

up to 58 / above 18

2.2 Degree of protection according to EN 60 529 for compact devices and heating
components
2.3

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

3.2
3.3

Heating water flow / return flow 1

C / C

Cooling, flow

+7 to +20

+7 to +20

Air (heating)

-25 to +35

-25 to +35

Air (cooling)

Temperature spread
of heating water
Heat output / COP

at A7 / W35
at A-7 / W35 2

kW / ---

at A-7 / W45 2

kW / ---

at A7 / W35 2

at A2 / W35
at A7 / W45

at A10 / W35
3.4
3.5

+15 to +40
9.7
7.1 / 2.9

5.0

6.6 / 2.7

10.6 / 3.0

10.5 / 2.9
9.9 / 2.5

kW / ---

8.8 / 3.2

8.8 / 3.1

12.8 / 3.4

12.7 / 3.2

kW / ---

11.3 / 3.8

11.3 / 3.6

15.1 / 3.8

14.9 / 3.6

9.6 / 3.1

kW / ---

14.7 / 3.3

12.2 / 4.1

12.1 / 3.9

16.7 / 4.1

16.6 / 3.9

6.5

5.0

6.6

5.0

8.8 / 2.8

8.8 / 2.8

12.6 / 2.6

12.5 / 2.6

10.9 / 3.3

10.8 / 3.2

16.4 / 2.8

16.4 / 2.8

7.5 / 2.1

10.7 / 2.0

10.6 / 2.0

9.5 / 2.5

14.3 / 2.3

Temperature spread
of cooling water

at A35 / W7

Cooling capacity / COP

at A27 / W7

kW / ---

at A27 / W18

kW / ---

at A35 / W7

kW / ---

7.6 / 2.1

kW / ---

9.5 / 2.5

at A35 / W18

9.3

6.4 / 2.3

kW / --2

+15 to +40
5.0

14.3 / 2.2

3.6

Sound power level device / outdoors

dB(A)

55 / 61

57 / 62

50

52

3.7

Sound pressure level at a distance of 1m (indoors)

dB(A)

3.8

Heating water flow

with an internal pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

3.9

Cooling water flow

with an internal pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

3.10 Air flow with an external static pressure differential of

1.0 / 3000

1.9 / 10900

1.4 / 4500

2.6 / 14600

1.0 / 3000

1.3 / 5900

1.4 / 4500

1.8 / 7000

m/h / Pa

4200 / 0

5200 / 0

m/h / Pa

2500 / 25

4000 / 25

3.11 Refrigerant; total filling weight

type / kg

3.12 Lubricant; total filling quantity

type / litres

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions

H x W x L cm

4.2

Device connections to heating system

Inch

4.3

Device connections to additional heat exchanger

(waste heat recovery)

Inch

4.4

Air duct inlet and outlet (min. internal dimensions)

L x W cm

4.5

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

5.2

Nominal power consumption 2

5.3

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current A2 W35 / cos

A / ---

5.5

Max. power consumption of compressor protection

(per compressor)

R404A / 5.1

R404A / 5.7

Polyolester (POE) / 1.5

Polyolester (POE) / 1.9

136 x 75 x 88

157 x 75 x 88

Thread 1 1/4'' external

Thread 1 1/4'' external

Thread 1 1/4'' external

Thread 1 1/4'' external

50 x 50

57 x 57

222

260

V/A
A2 W35

kW

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Defrosting / type of defrosting / defrosting tray included

7.2

Heating water in device is protected against freezing

7.3

Performance levels / controller internal / external

400 / 16

400 / 20

2.74

2.86

3.8

4.0

23
4.9 / 0.8

25
5.16 / 0.8

6.9 / 0.8

7.2 / 0.8

70

70

automatic / reverse circulation / yes (heated)

Automatic
Yes 4

Yes 4

1 / internal

1 / internal

1. See operating limits diagram

2. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 and EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, other parameters,
in particular the defrosting capacity, the bivalence point and regulation should also be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. A2 / W55, have the following meaning:
2 C external air temperature and 55 C heating water flow temperature.
3. See CE declaration of conformity
4. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

20

Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.4

4.4.1

Device Information for Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Outdoor

Installation

4.4.1

Reversible air-to-water heat pumps - 230V

Device information for air-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

LA 11MSR

2.1
2.2
2.3

Model
Degree of protection according to EN 60 529
Installation location

Reversible
IP 24
Outdoors

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

3.2
3.3

3.4
3.5

Heating water flow / return flow 1

Cooling, flow
Air (heating)
Air (cooling)
Temperature spread
of heating water
Heat output / COP

Temperature spread
of cooling water
Cooling capacity / COP

up to 55 / above 18

C / C
C
C
C

+7 to +20
-25 to +35
+15 to +40
9.6

at A7 / W35

5.0

at A-7 / W35 2

kW / ---

at A-7 / W45 1

kW / ---

at A2 / W35 2

kW / ---

8.9 / 3.4

at A2 / W50 2

kW / ---

8.8 / 2.5

at A7 / W35 2

kW / ---

11.1 / 4.2

11.1 / 4.0

at A7 / W45 1

kW / ---

at A10 / W35 2

kW / ---

12.1 / 4.6

12.0 / 4.4

6.5

5.0

kW / --kW / --kW / --kW / --dB(A)

8.8 / 2.8
10.9 / 3.3
7.6 / 2.1
9.5 / 2.5

8.8 / 2.8
10.8 / 3.2
7.5 / 2.1
9.5 / 2.5

at A35 / W7
at A27 / W7
at A27 / W18
at A35 / W7
at A35 / W18

3.6
3.7

Sound power level

Sound pressure level at a distance of 10 m
(air outlet side)
3.8 Heating water flow with an internal
pressure differential of
3.9 Cooling water flow with an internal
pressure differential of
3.10 Air flow with an external static pressure differential of
3.11 Refrigerant; total filling weight
3.12 Lubricant; total filling quantity

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1
4.2
4.3

Device dimensions
Device connections for heating system
Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

7.5 / 2.8

m/h / Pa
m/h / Pa
type / kg
type / litres

63
33
1.0 / 3000

1.9 / 10900

1.0 / 3000

1.3 / 5900
2500
R404A / 3.6
Polyolester (POE) / 1.5

H x W x L cm
Inch
kg

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

V/A

5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

Nominal power consumption 2

A2 W35
Starting current with soft starter
Nominal current A2 W35 / cos
max. power consumption of compressor protection
(per compressor)

kW
A
A / --W

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Defrosting
Type of defrosting
Defrosting tray included

7.2

Heating water in device is protected against freezing

7.3
7.4

Performance levels
Controller internal/external

8.8 / 3.3

9.4 / 3.5

dB(A)
m/h / Pa

7.0 / 2.7
6.8 / 2.3

136 x 136 x 85
Thread 1'' external
224
230 / 25
2.61

2.67
38

14.2 / 0.8

14.5 / 0.8
70
3

Automatic
Reverse circulation
Yes (heated)
Yes 4
1
External

1. See operating limits diagram

2. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 or EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, other parameters,
in particular the defrosting capacity, the bivalence point and regulation should also be taken into consideration. The specified values have the following meaning e.g. A2 / W35:
2 C external air temperature and 35C heating water flow temperature.
3. See CE declaration of conformity
4. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

www.dimplex.de

21

4.4.2

4.4.2

Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Waste Heat Recovery

Device information for air-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

LA 11ASR

LA 16ASR

2.1

Model

Reversible

Reversible

2.2

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529 for compact devices and

heating components

IP 24

IP 24

Outdoors

Outdoors

up to 55 / above 18

up to 55 / above 18

2.3

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

3.2
3.3

3.4

Heating water flow / return flow 1

C / C

Cooling, flow

+7 to +20

+7 to +20

Air (heating)

-25 to +35

-25 to +35

Air (cooling)

+15 to +40

+15 to +40

7.5

7.9
10.6 / 3.0

Temperature spread
of heating water

at A2 / W35

Heat output / COP 2

at A-7 / W35

kW / ---

7.1 / 2.9

at A2 / W35

kW / ---

8.8 / 3.2

12.8 / 3.4

at A2 / W50

kW / ---

8.5 / 2.5

12.0 / 2.5
15.1 / 3.8

Cooling capacity / COP

at A7 / W35

kW / ---

11.3 / 3.8

at A10 / W35

kW / ---

12.2 / 4.1

16.7 / 4.1

at A27 / W8

kW / ---

9.0 / 2.9

13.0 / 2.6

at A27 / W18

kW / ---

10.9 / 3.3

16.4 / 2.8

at A35 / W8

kW / ---

7.8 / 2.2

11.1 / 2.1

kW / ---

9.5 / 2.5

14.3 / 2.3

63

64

33

34

1.0 / 3000

1.4 / 4500

at A35 / W18
3.5

Sound power level

dB(A)

3.6

Sound pressure level at a distance of 10 m

(air outlet side)

dB(A)

3.7

Heating water flow with an internal

pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

3.8

Air flow

m/h / Pa

2500

4000

3.9

Refrigerant; total filling weight

type / kg

R404A / 4.7

R404A / 5.7

Polyolester (POE) / 1.5

Polyolester (POE) / 1.9

3.10 Lubricant; total filling quantity

type / litres

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions

H x W x L cm

4.2

Device connections for heating system

Inch

4.3

Device connections for additional heat exchanger

(waste heat recovery)

Inch

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

2

V/A
A2 W35

kW

5.2

Nominal power consumption

5.3

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current A2 W35 / cos

A / ---

5.5

max. power consumption of compressor protection

(per compressor)

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Defrosting / type of defrosting / defrosting tray included

7.2

Heating water in device is protected against freezing

7.3

Performance levels

7.4

Controller internal/external

136 x 136 x 85

157 x 155 x 85

Thread 1'' external

Thread 1'' external

Thread 1'' external

Thread 1'' external

241

289

400 / 16

400 / 20

2.74

3.8

23

25

4.9 / 0.8

6.9 / 0.8

70

70

automatic / reverse circulation / yes (heated)

Yes 4

Yes 4

External

External

1. See operating limits diagram

2. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 and EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, other parameters,
in particular the defrosting capacity, the bivalence point and regulation should also be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. A2 / W55, have the following meaning:
2 C external air temperature and 55 C heating water flow temperature.
3. See CE declaration of conformity
4. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

22

Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.5
4.5.1

4.5.1

Characteristic Curves of Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

Characteristic Curves LIK 8MER (Heating Operation)
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www.dimplex.de

23

4.5.2

4.5.2

Characteristic curves LI 11MER / LA 11MSR (Heating operation)

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24

Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.5.3

4.5.3

Characteristic Curves LI 11TER+ / LA 11ASR (Heating Operation)

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Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.5.5

4.5.5

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Active Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps

4.5.7

4.5.7

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4.5.8

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Dimensions LIK 8MER

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Dimensions LI 11TER+

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Dimensions LA 16ASR

37

5 Active Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

5.1

Designing Borehole Heat Exchangers for Heating and Cooling

Borehole heat exchangers for reversible heat pumps - both for

heating and cooling purposes - must be designed by a
geothermal planning professional. Parameters which must be
considered in such cases include:
Consistency of the subsoil
Number of hours at full load and minimum permissible brine
temperature in heating operation

Number of hours at full load and maximum permissible brine

temperature in cooling operation

NOTE
The requirements for using the ground as a heat source in heating
operation can be found in the Dimplex product planning and installation
manual.

Minimum
Brine flow

Refrigerating capacity to be
absorbed
in heating operation at B0/W35

Waste heat to be discharged in

cooling operation at B20/W18

m3/h

kW

kW

SI 5MER

1.2

3.7

7.8

SI 7MER

1.7

4.8

10.2

SI 9MER

2.3

7.0

14.2

SI 11MER

3.0

8.8

16.9

Minimum
Brine flow

Refrigerating capacity to be
absorbed
in heating operation at B0/W35

Waste heat to be discharged in

cooling operation at B20/W18

Heat pump

Heat pump

m3/h

kW

kW

SI 30TER+

6.7

21.1

52.0

SI 75TER+

14.0

45.2

105.3

Table 5.1: Refrigerating capacity in heating operation and waste heat to be discharged in cooling operation

5.1.1

Dimensioning information - heat transfer into the ground

NOTE
In cooling operation, unlike heating operation, the power consumption of
the compressor cannot be used; instead, this is discharged separately
into the ground as waste heat.
The output power in the design (e.g. brine temperature 20 C,
cooling water outlet temperature 12 C) can be calculated in the

5.1.2

Electrical power consumption of the heat pump

Waste heat to be discharged into the ground

consideration. Pressure-drops in pipes connected in series,

installed components and the heat exchangers should be added.

NOTE
The pressure-drop of an antifreeze/water mixture (25 %) is 1.5 to 1.7 times
higher than that of pure water, whereas the capacity of many circulating
pumps drops by approx. 10 %.

Brine fluid

Brine concentration
Antifreeze should be added to the water on the heat source side
to prevent frost damage to the evaporator of the heat pump.
Frost protection from -14 C to -18 C is required for brine-towater heat pumps with a minimum brine inlet temperature of 5 C due to the temperatures which occur in the refrigerating
cycle.

NOTE
In order to prevent partial freezing of the liquefier, the frost protection
must be at least 9 Kelvin below the minimum permissible brine inlet
temperature.

38

Cooling capacity of the heat pump

+

Dimensioning of the brine circulating pump

The brine volume flow rate depends on the output of the heat
pump, and is conveyed by the brine circulating pump. The brine
flow specified in the Device Information provides a heat source
temperature spread of 3 K in heating operation. In addition to the
volume flow rate, the pressure-drops in the brine circuit system
and the pump manufacturers' technical data must be taken into

5.1.3

design from the cooling capacity plus the electrical power

consumption of the heat pump.

A monoethyleneglycol-based antifreeze is used. The brine

concentration for installation underground ranges from 25 % to a
maximum of 30 %.

ATTENTION!
The use of a brine-to-water heat pump with pure water (without antifreeze)
is not permissible, as the safety units of the heat pump cannot prevent
destruction of the compressor or of the heat exchanger.

Active Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

5.2

5.2.1

Device information

5.2.1

Reversible Air-to-Water Heat Pumps - 230V Single-Phase

Device information for brine-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

2.1

Model

2.2

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529

2.3

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

SI 5MER

SI 7MER

SI 9MER

SI 11MER

Reversible

Reversible

Reversible

Reversible

IP 20

IP 20

IP 20

IP 20

Indoors

Indoors

Indoors

Indoors

Heating water flow

Up to 58

Up to 58

Up to 58

Up to 58

Cooling, flow

+7 to +20

+7 to +20

+7 to +20

+7 to +20

Brine (heat source, heating)

-5 to +25

-5 to +25

-5 to +25

-5 to +25

Brine (heat sink, cooling)

+5 to +25

+5 to +25

+5 to +25

+5 to +25

Monoethylene
glycol

Monoethylene
glycol

Monoethylene
glycol

Monoethylene
glycol

25%

25%

25%

25%

Antifreeze
Minimum brine concentration (-13 C freezing temperature)
3.2
3.3

Temperature spread
of heating water
Heat output / COP

at B0 / W35
at B-5 / W55

Cooling capacity / COP

3.5

Sound power level

3.6

Heating water flow with an internal

pressure differential of

3.7
3.8

kW / ---

9.4

4.2 / 2.0

9.1

5.4 / 2.1

10.6

7.5 / 2.0

9.9

9.8 / 2.1
10.8 /
3.0

kW / ---

at B0 / W50 1

kW / ---

4.8 / 2.7

at B0 / W35 1

kW / ---

4.9 / 4.0 4.8 / 3.9 6.4 / 4.0 6.3 / 3.9 9.3 / 4.0 9.1 / 3.9

11.6 /
4.1

11.4 /
4.0

at B20 / W8

kW / ---

5.4 / 4.6 5.3 / 4.6 7.0 / 4.5 6.9 / 4.4 9.9 / 4.6 9.8 / 4.5

11.4 /
4.6

11.3 /
4.4

at B20 / W18

kW / ---

6.6 / 5.3 6.4 / 5.3 8.6 / 5.3 8.4 / 5.2

14.1 /
5.3

13.9 /
5.2

at B10 / W8

kW / ---

5.4 / 5.6 5.3 / 5.6 7.0 / 5.5 6.9 / 5.4 9.9 / 5.6 9.8 / 5.4

11.6 /
5.7

11.4 /
5.5

at B10 / W18

kW / ---

6.8 / 6.7 6.6 / 6.2 8.8 / 6.6 8.6 / 6.4

12.2 /
6.6

14.1 /
6.5

13.8 /
6.3

at B0 / W45

3.4

K
1

4.7 / 2.9

dB(A)

6.0 / 2.9
6.2 / 2.7

54

8.6 / 2.8
8.8 / 2.8

12.0 /
5.4

11.9 /
5.2

12.4 /
6.7

55

11.3/2.9

56

56

m/h / Pa

0.45 /
1900

0.85 /
6500

0.6 /
3300

1.1 /
10800

0.75 /
2300

1.55 /
9700

1.0 /
4100

2.0 /
16000

Brine flow with an internal pressure differential

(heat source) of

m/h / Pa

1.2 /
16000

1.2 /
16000

1.7 /
29500

1.4 /
22100

2.3 /
25000

1.8 /
17000

3.0 /
24000

2.5 /
17000

Refrigerant; total filling weight

type / kg

R407C / 1.3

R407C / 1.6

R407C / 1.6

R407C / 2.0

type / litres

Polyolester
(POE) / 1.0

Polyolester
(POE) / 1.0

Polyolester
(POE) / 1.1

Polyolester
(POE) / 1.36

3.9

Lubricant; total filling quantity

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions without connections 2

H x W x L mm

4.2

Device connections to heating system

Inch

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

4.3

Device connections to heat source

Inch

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

Thread 1"
external

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

115

117

124

128

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

5.2

Nominal power consumption 1

5.3

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current B0 W35 / cos

A / ---

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Water in device protected against freezing 4

7.2

Performance levels

7.3

Controller internal/external

V/A
B0 W35

kW

800 600 450 800 600 450 800 600 450 800 600 450

230 / 16
1.22

1.23
24

230 / 16
1.60

1.62

230 / 20
2.32

26

6.8 / 0.8 6.9 / 0.8 9.1 / 0.8 9.2 / 0.8

2.33

230 / 25
2.83

38
12.5 /
0.8

2.85
38

12.6 /
0.8

15.2 /
0.8

15.3 /
0.8

No

No

No

No

Internal

Internal

Internal

Internal

1. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 255 and EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, the bivalence
point and regulation should be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. B10 / W55, have the following meaning: Heat source temperature 10 C and heating water flow
temperature 55 C.
2. Note that additional space is required for pipe connections, operation and maintenance.
3. See CE declaration of conformity
4. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

www.dimplex.de

39

5.2.2

5.2.2

Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pump

Device information for brine-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

SI 75ZSR

2.1

Model

Reversible

2.2

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529

2.3

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

IP 21
Indoors

Heating water flow

Up to 55

Cooling, flow

+7 to +20

Brine (heat source, heating)

-5 to +25

Brine (heat sink, cooling)

+5 to +30

Antifreeze

Monoethylene glycol

Minimum brine concentration (-13 C freezing temperature)

3.2
3.3

Temperature spread
of heating water
Heat output / COP

at B0 / W35
1

at B0 / W50 1

3.4

Cooling capacity / COP

at B-5 / W55

at B0 / W35

25%

at B20 / W8

at B20 / W18

at B10 / W8

at B10 / W18

kW / ---

54.9 / 2.0

kW / ---

27.3 / 2.1

kW / ---

62.3 / 2.5

kW / ---

31.3 / 2.5

kW / ---

65.3 / 3.5

kW / ---

35.1 / 3.8

kW / ---

82.1 / 5.0

kW / ---

44.9 / 6.4

kW / ---

100.0 / 5.6

kW / ---

55.0 / 7.4

kW / ---

86.6 / 6.1

kW / ---

47.4 / 7.7

kW / ---

98.2 / 6.3

kW / ---

53.2 / 8.2

3.5

Sound power level

dB(A)

69

3.6

Sound pressure level at a distance of 1 m

dB(A)

54

3.7

Heating water flow with an internal pressure

differential of

m/h / Pa

Brine flow with an internal pressure differential

(heat source) of

m/h / Pa

Refrigerant; total filling weight

type / kg

R404A / 16.1

type / litres

160 SZ / 6.5

3.8
3.9

3.10 Lubricant; total filling quantity

11.5 / 7300
20.5 / 17800

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions without connections 4

H x W x L mm

4.2

Device connections for heating system

Inch

Thread 2" internal/external

Thread 2 1/2" internal/external

4.3

Device connections to heat source

Inch

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

5.2

Nominal power consumption 1

5.3

Starting current with soft starter

5.4

Nominal current B0 W35 / cos 2

A / ---

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Water in device protected against freezing 6

7.2

Perfomance levels / controller:

V/A
B0 W35

kW

1890 1350 750

607
400 / 63
18.86
105
34.03 / 0.8
5

Yes
2 / internal

1. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN 14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, the bivalence point and
regulation should be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. B10 / W55, have the following meaning: Heat source temperature 10 C and heating water flow temperature
55 C.
2. Operation with 2 compressors
3. Operation with 1 compressor
4. Note that additional space is required for pipe connections, operation and maintenance.
5. See CE declaration of conformity
6. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

40

Active Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

5.2.3

5.2.3

Reversible brine-to-water heat pumps with waste heat recovery

Device information for brine-to-water heat pumps for heating purposes

1
2

Type and order code

Design

2.1

Model

2.2
2.3

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits: 1

Heating water flow
C
Cooling, flow
C
Brine (heat source, heating)
C
Brine (heat sink, cooling)
C
Antifreeze
Minimum brine concentration (-13 C freezing temperature)
Temperature spread
of heating water
at B0 / W35
K

3.2
3.3

Heat output /

COP2

up to 551
+7 to +20
-5 to +25
+5 to +30
Monoethylene glycol
25%
5

kW / --kW / ---

11.1 / 2.1

28.0 / 2.0

kW / ---

24.9 / 2.2

59.5 / 2.1

kW / ---

12.8 / 2.3

30.0 / 2.2

kW / ---

28.6 / 3.8

64.0 / 3.4 6

kW / ---

15.2 / 4.2

34.0 / 3.7

at B20 / W103

kW / ---

35.3 / 5.3

75.5 / 4.5

at B20 / W73

kW / ---

18.2 / 6.1

46.0 / 6.4

at B20 / W183

kW / ---

44.6 / 6.2

86.5 / 5.1

kW / ---

23.6 / 7.5

52.9 / 6.5

at B10 / W73

kW / ---

21.0 / 8.6

48.5 / 7.9

at B10 / W183

kW / ---

46.7 / 7.4

91.3 / 6.6

kW / --dB(A)
dB(A)

25.4 / 9.5

57.1 / 8.6

62
46

69
54

4.7 / 2200

11.0 / 6000

6.7 / 5300

14.0 / 9000

at B-5 / W55

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

Device dimensions without connections

Device connections for heating system
Device connections to heat source
Device connections for domestic hot water
Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage; fuse protection

5.2
5.3

Nominal power consumption 3 4

Starting current with soft starter

5.4
5.5

Nominal current B0 W35 / cos 4

max. power consumption of compressor protection
(per compressor)

m/h / Pa
m/h / Pa
m/h / Pa
type / kg
type / litres
H x W x L mm
Inch
Inch
Inch
kg
V/A

B0 W35

kW
A
A / --W

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

7.1

Water in device is protected against freezing 8

Perfomance levels / controller:

up to 551
+7 to +20
-5 to +25
+5 to +30
Monoethylene glycol
25%

53.5 / 1.9

Sound power level

Sound pressure level at a distance of 1 m
Heating water flow with an internal
pressure differential of
3.8 Brine flow with an internal pressure differential
(heat source) of
3.9 Flow rate of additional heat exchanger
with an internal pressure differential of
3.10 Refrigerant; total filling weight
3.11 Lubricant; total filling quantity

7.2

Reversible with
additional heat exchanger
IP 21
Indoors

3.5
3.6
3.7

Reversible with
additional heat exchanger
IP 21
Indoors

22.0 / 2.0

at B0 / W35 3
Cooling capacity / COP7

SI 75TER+

at B0 / W55

3.4

SI 30TER+

4.0 / 20000

6.0 / 7000

R404A / 8.1
Polyolester (POE) / 3.7

R404A / 16.0
Polyolester (POE) / 6.7

1660 x 1000 x 775

Thread 1 1/2" internal/external
Thread 2" internal/external
Thread 1" internal/external
385

1890 1350 750

Thread 2" internal/external
Thread 2 1/2" internal/external
Thread 1 1/4" internal/external
658

400 / 20

400 / 63

7.53

18.82

26

105

13.59 / 0.8

33.96 / 0.8

70
CE conformity

Yes
2 / internal

65
CE conformity

Yes
2 / internal

1. See output curves

2. The coefficients of performance for parallel hot water preparation are also achieved via additional heat exchangers.
3. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system according to EN14511. For an analysis of the economic and energy efficiency of the system, both the bivalence point and
the regulation should be taken into consideration. The specified values, e.g. B0 / W55, have the following meaning: Heat source temperature 0 C and heating water flow
temperature 55 C.
4. Operation with 2 compressors
5. Operation with 1 compressor
6. With B0 / W35 according to EN255: Heat output 66.4 kW; coefficient of performance 3.6
7. Considerably higher coefficients of performance are achieved by means of cooling operation and waste heat recovery using additional heat exchangers.
8. The heat circulating pump and the heat pump controller must always be ready for operation.

www.dimplex.de

41

5.3

5.3
5.3.1

Characteristic Curves of Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

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5.4
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Dimensions of Reversible Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

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5.4.2

5.4.2

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Active Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

5.4.4

Dimensions SI 75TER+

59







6 Passive Cooling using a Heat Exchanger

6.1

Passive Cooling with Water-to-Water Heat Pumps

The WPMPK passive cooling controller adds cooling operation

to the existing heat pump manager of a Dimplex water-to-water
heat pump. The cooling capacity is transferred via a heat
exchanger, which is not included in the scope of supply. This

heat exchanger must be configured according to the cooling

capacity to be transferred, the volume flow and the water quality.

Volume flow
primary m3/h

Volume flow
secondary m3/h

Cooling
capacity kW

Heat source
connections
(inch)

Width x
Depth x
Height

Weight
kg

WT 733

3.5

2.0

20

1 1/4

180 x 774 x 325

50

WT 1634

9.5

5.0

50

320 x 832 x 375

150

WT 1686

20

8.0

90

320 x 832 x 590

190

WT 16112

37

11.5

130

320 x 832 x 840

240

Order
reference

Table 6.1: Transferable cooling capacity with a water inlet temperature of approx. 10 C and a cooling water inlet temperature of 20 C!

6.2

Passive Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

The passive cooling stations PKS 14 and PKS 25 consist of a

heat exchanger, brine circulating pump, temperature sensors,
passive cooling controller, and enclosed 3-way distribution valve.
The integrated passive cooling controller is operated in the
network with the existing heat pump manager of a Dimplexbrineto-water heat pump and it also provides the required connection
options and control functions for cooling.

NOTE
If cooling capacities of over 25 kW are required, the passive cooling
controller from Chapt. 6.1 on pp. 60 can also be used for brine-to-water
heat pumps.

60

Passive Cooling using a Heat Exchanger

6.3

6.3.1

Device information

6.3.1

Passive cooling station

Device Information for Passive Cooling Station for Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps
1
2

Type and order code

Design

2.1

Degree of protection according to EN 60 529

2.2

Installation location

Performance data

3.1

Operating temperature limits:

IP 20

IP 20

Indoors

Indoors

+5 to +40

+5 to +40

Brine (heat sink)

+2 to +15

+2 to +15

Monoethylene glycol

Monoethylene glycol

25%

25%

8.2

7.0

Minimum brine concentration (-13 C freezing temperature)

Temperature spread
of cooling water
Cooling capacity

3.3

PKS 25

Cooling water

Antifreeze
3.2

PKS 14

at B10 / WE20
1

K
kW

19.3

34.8

at B10 / WE20 1

kW

13

23.7

at B15 / WE20 1

kW

6.5

7.8

1.3 / 8000

2.9 / 17000

2.5 / 29800

3.6 / 29000

28000

17000

320 x 650 x 400

320 x 650 x 400

at B5 / WE20

Cooling water flow with an internal

pressure differential of

m/h / Pa

Brine flow with an internal pressure differential

(heat sink) of

m/h / Pa

3.5

Free compression

Pa

Dimensions, connections and weight

4.1

Device dimensions without connections 2

4.2

Device connections for heating system

Inch

Thread 1" external

Thread 1" external

4.3

Device connections for heat source

Inch

Thread 1" external

Thread 1" external

4.4

Weight of the transportable unit(s) incl. packaging

kg

30

32

Electrical Connection

5.1

Nominal voltage

230

230

5.2

Nominal power consumption

200

200

6
7

Complies with the European safety regulations

Additional model features

3.4

7.1

Performance levels of pump

7.2

Controller internal/external

(pump level 3)

(pump level 3)

H x W x L mm

Internal

Internal

1. This data indicates the size and capacity of the system. The specified values, e.g. B5 / W55, have the following meaning: Heat sink temperature of 5 C and cooling water return
flow temperature (water inlet) 20 C.
2. Note that additional space is required for pipe connections, operation and maintenance.
3. See CE declaration of conformity

www.dimplex.de

61

6.4.1

6.4

Characteristic curves

6.4.1

Characteristic Curves PKS 14

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6.4.2

6.4.2

Characteristic Curves PKS 25



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6.5

Dimensions
Dimensions PKS 14 / PKS 25

Control and Regulation

7.2

7 Control and Regulation

The system supports two modes for generating the
refrigerating capacity:
Active cooling with a reversible heat pump
Passive cooling using a heat exchanger
In order to perform cooling functions, a cooling controller is
required in addition to the heat pump controller (heating).
Reversible heat pumps for active cooling are supplied as
standard with a heat pump manager (heating/cooling).
For passive cooling, the cooling controller is connected to
the existing heat pump manager (heating).

ATTENTION!
The cooling controller of the reversible brine-to-water heat pumps
SI 30TER+ and SI 75TER+ has been replaced by two additional modules
(Fig. 10.10 on pp. 90). For these two heat pumps, the control functions
described in this chapter deviate partially from the K_H_5xab cooling
software.

7.1

Dimensions of the wall-mounted heat pump manager for

heating/cooling

Network Operation of Heating and Cooling Controllers and Remote

Control

Both of the controllers (heating and cooling controllers) are

connected to the J11 plugs via a three-core connecting cable and
are operated as a network. This is done by assigning each
controller a network address. The network addresses of the
heating and cooling controllers are preassigned.
Heating controller

Network address 01

Cooling controller

Network address 02

These controller addresses are factory default settings.

Exception: Heating controller for passive cooling station (see
PCS installation instructions).
The heating and cooling controller software must be compatible
in order for the network to work properly.
Heating software WPM_H_ X Y Z
Cooling software WPM_K_ X Y Z
The software is compatible if the characters X and Y are
identical, e.g.

7.2

Fig. 7.1:

WPM_ K_H41 is compatible with WPM_H_H45

WPM_ K_H41 is not compatible with WPM_H_H31
Use the Operating data networkmenu to check if the cooling
controller was identified.
The Network heating/coolingmenu point displays whether the
network connection is active.
The DIP switches of a connected remote control must be set as
follows:
Remote control
No network
Network
123456
Fig. 7.2:

DIP switch setting

Temperature Sensor (Cooling Controller)

All temperature sensors to be connected to the supplementary

cooling controllers have the illustrated sensor characteristic
curve.
Flow sensor for passive cooling
Return flow sensor for passive cooling




5HVLVWDQFHYDOXH>N2KP@

Room temperature sensor for room climate control station






























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Fig. 7.3:

www.dimplex.de

NTC sensor for cooling controller

65

7.3

7.3
7.3.1

Cold Generation by Active Cooling

Heat Pumps without Additional Heat Exchangers

Cold is generated actively by reversing the process in the heat

pump. The refrigerating cycle is switched from heating to cooling
operation using a four-way reversing valve.

NOTE
The heat pump is blocked for 10 minutes when it is switched from heating
to cooling operation. This allows the different pressures in the
refrigerating cycle to equalize.

7.3.2

Requests are processed as follows:

Cooling first
Domestic hot water before
Swimming pool
Adjust the maximum temperature Parallel operation heat
domestic hot water in the menu item Settings domestic hot

Cooling first
Swimming pool
The heat pump operates as in heating operation during DHW or
swimming pool water preparation.

water. As long as the hot water temperature remains below this

limit, the hot water circulating pump runs during cooling
operation. Once the maximum set temperature has been
reached, the hot water pump is switched off and the swimming
pool pump is switched on (independent of the swimming pool
thermostat input).
If cooling has not been requested, requests for domestic hot
water or the heating requirements of the swimming pool can be
processed. However, if cooling has been requested, these
functions are each cancelled after a maximum continuous
runtime of 60 minutes and priority is given to the cooling request.

Cold Generation via Passive Cooling

In the summer, the ground and the ground water are significantly
colder at greater depths than the ambient temperature. A plate
heat exchanger installed in the ground water or brine circuit
transfers the refrigerating capacity to the heating and cooling
circuit. The heat pump compressor is not active and is therefore
available for DHW preparation.
Activate parallel operation of cooling and DHW preparation in the
menu item Settings - Domestic hot water - Parallel cool-DHW.

NOTE
Ensure that the special hydraulic installation requirements are fulfilled for
the parallel operation of cooling and domestic hot water preparation.

Passive Cooling with Borehole Heat Exchangers

(Bridge A6/ID7 removed)
If cooling is required, an additional primary cooling pump (M12)
is connected to output NO6. The output of the primary pump M11
is only active in heating operation.

Passive Cooling with Ground Water

(Bridge A6/ID7 fitted)
If there is a request for cooling, the primary pump M11 is
activated, i.e. the same primary pump is used in both heating and
cooling operation (e.g. well pump with water-to-water heat
pumps).

66

Domestic hot water before

Heat Pumps with Additional Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery

An additional heat exchanger in the hot gas of the refrigerant

circuit (immediately after the compressor) can use the waste
heat generated during cooling for DHW or swimming pool water
preparation. The additional heat exchanger menu item must be
set to YES to do this.

7.4

Requests are processed as follows:

Control and Regulation

7.5
7.5.1

7.5.3

Cooling Program Description

Cooling Operating Mode

The cooling functions are manually activated as operating mode

6. There is no automatic switching between heating and cooling
operation. External switching is possible via the input ID12.
The Cooling operating mode can only be activated if the
cooling function (active or passive) has been enabled in the
preconfiguration.

7.5.2

Switching off cold generation

The following functions are provided as safeguards:
The flow temperature falls below a value of 7 C
Activation of the dew point monitor at vulnerable points in
the cooling system
The dew point is reached with silent-only cooling

Activation of Cooling Functions

Special regulatory functions are performed when cooling

operation is activated. The cooling controller assumes these
cooling functions independently of the remaining regulatory
functions.

The external temperature lies below the settable cooling

limit temperature (recommended minimum value is 3 C due
to danger of frost)

The following can prevent the cooling functions being activated:

There is no cooling controller fitted or the connection is

broken

The external temperature for reversible air-to-water heat

pumps is below 15 C

Neither silent nor dynamic cooling was selected with Yes in

the settings
In these cases, the cooling mode remains active and the
regulation system responds as in the summer mode.

7.5.3

Deactivation of Circulating Pumps in Cooling Operation

In the case of a heat pump heating system with two heating

circuits, the heat circulating pump of heating circuits 1 or 2 can
be deactivated in cooling operation.
The heat circulating pump of heating circuit 1 (M14) is not active
in cooling operation if silent-only cooling is configured.
The heat circulating pump of heating circuit 2 (M15) is not active
in cooling operation if dynamic-only cooling is configured.

NOTE
The potential-free contact NO8 / C8 / NC8 can be used to switch heating
components in heating or cooling operation (e.g. room temperature
controllers Chapt. 10.6.2 on pp. 86 )

Passive cooling
The cooling system can be supplied using either the existing heat
circulating pump (M13) or an additional cooling circulating pump
(M17).

NOTE
The cooling circulating pump (M17) operates continuously in the Cooling
operating mode.
With passive cooling, the operating behaviour of the heat
circulating pump (M13) can be influenced by removing or
inserting cable bridge A5, depending on the hydraulic integration.
Operating mode

Operating
mode

Preconfiguration

Settings

Bridge A5
inserted

Bridge A5
removed

Heating

M13 active

M13 active

Cooling

M13 not active

M13 active

Main circuit

1. Heating
circuit

2. Heating
circuit

Cooling

Mixer for
heating
circuit 2

1. Heating
circuit

2. Heating
circuit

Dynamic
cooling

Silent
cooling

M13

M14

M15

M17

M22

Heating

Yes

No

Yes

No

Active

Active

not active

not active

Continuous
OPEN

Heating

Yes

No

No

Yes

Active

Active

not active

not active

Continuous
OPEN

Heating

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Active

Active

Active

not active

Regulation

Heating

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Active

Active

Active

not active

Regulation

Heating

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Active

Active

Active

not active

Regulation
Continuous
CLOSED

Cooling
Cooling
Cooling

Yes
Yes
Yes

No
No
Yes

Yes
No
Yes

No
Yes
No

active

Active

not active

Active

active

Active

Active

Active

Regulation

active

Active

not active

Active

Continuous
CLOSED

not active

Active

Active

Regulation

Active

Active

Active

Regulation

Cooling

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

active

Cooling

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

active 1

1. Not active during passive cooling with bridge A5 inserted

Overview of circulating pumps and mixer control in heating and cooling operation (active and passive)

www.dimplex.de

67

7.5.4

7.5.4

Silent and Dynamic Cooling

Different system configurations can be implemented according to

each integration diagram. Make selections in the menu item
Settings Cooling.
Dynamic-only cooling (e.g. fan convectors)
Regulation according to a fixed setpoint. Adjust the return
flow set temperature in the Settings menu item.
Silent-only cooling (e.g. underfloor heating, wall panel
heating or cooled ceilings)
Regulation according to the room temperature. Regulation is
based on the temperature of the room where the room
climate control station 1 is connected according to the circuit
diagram. Set the desired room temperature in the Settings
menu item.
The maximum transferrable cooling capacity for silent

cooling is heavily dependent on the relative humidity. High

humidity reduces the maximum cooling capacity, because
the flow temperature can not be lowered any further once
the calculated dew point has been reached.
Combination of dynamic and silent cooling
Regulation is carried out separately in two different control
circuits.
The dynamic circuit is regulated according to a fixed setpoint
(as described for dynamic cooling).
Silent cooling is regulated on the basis of the room temperature
(as described for silent cooling) by controlling the mixer for
heating circuit 2 (silent heating and cooling circuit).

NOTE
If the cooler switches off because the minimum flow temperature of 7 C
has been reached, then either the water flow rate must be increased or a
higher return flow set temperature must be set (e.g. 16 C).

7.6

Individual room regulation

Heating systems are normally equipped with an automatic

mechanism for separately regulating the room temperature in
each room.

In cooling operation, the room thermostats must be either

deactivated or replaced with units which are suitable for both
heating and cooling.

The room thermostats measure the current temperature in

heating operation. If the current temperature undershoots the set
temperature, the thermostats activate the regulating device (e.g.
actuator).

The room thermostat responds inversely in cooling operation i.e.

if the set temperature exceeds the current temperature, the
regulating device is activated.

7.6.1

Dynamic Cooling

With dynamic cooling, the room temperature is regulated with

special room temperature controllers, which can be switched
from heating to cooling operation using an external signal
supplied by the cooling controller. This is done by connecting a

7.6.2

Silent Cooling

The design of the cooling controller offers the option of both

central cooling which is regulated according to a reference room,
or prioritised central regulation with secondary regulation of
individual rooms.

Central regulation
If the room thermostats are fully opened in cooling operation (e.g.
manually), the room temperature is regulated centrally according
to the room set temperature on the cooling controller and the
measured values of the room climate control station. The room
thermostats in rooms that do not require cooling should be
closed completely.

Regulation of individual rooms

By using room temperature controllers for heating/cooling which can be switched from heating to cooling operation different setpoint temperatures can be set in individual rooms
(Chapt. Fig. 10.2: on pp. 85). The room thermostats are switched
from heating to cooling operation via a signal supplied by the
cooling controller (floating contact).

Selection of the reference room

The current temperature and humidity are measured in a
reference room via a room climate control station. If the room set
temperature on the cooling controller is overshot, the flow set
temperature is continually lowered until the desired room
temperature is reached.

68

cable from the cooling controller to the room thermostat for

heating/cooling. If the return flow temperature is constant, the
room temperature is regulated using a controllable volume flow
(e.g. with cooling coils) or fan levels (e.g. with fan convectors).

NOTE
The room climate control station must be fitted in the room within the
thermal envelope of the building where the lowest room temperature is
required (e.g. bedroom or living room).
A foil sensor should be connected to the room temperature
controller in the following applications. If condensate forms on
the cooling surfaces, the foil sensor stops cooling operation in
the room:
Cooling systems in which the cooling pipes are only partially
covered (e.g. convective cooled ceilings)
Rooms with fluctuating humidity (e.g. conference rooms)

Control and Regulation

7.7

Hot water preparation

The heat exchanger area installed in the hot water cylinder must
be dimensioned so that the maximum heat output of the heat
pump can be transferred when the temperature spread remains
under 10 K. The heat output of, for example, air-to-water heat

7.7.1

When the desired hot water temperature has been reached, the
heat circulating pump is switched on again. The heat consumers
of the heating system are now supplied with the heat output of
the heat pump.

Request for Hot Water with Additional Heat Exchanger

In the case of heat pumps with additional heat exchangers, the

hot water circulating pump also operates in heating and cooling
operation and uses the higher hot gas temperature for domestic
hot water preparation (adjustable maximum temperature).
Parallel operation enables approx. 10 % of the heat output to be
transferred at a higher temperature level.
If no heating or cooling is requested for a long period of time (e.g.
during transition periods), the heat pump operates exclusively for

7.7.3

pumps rises with the external temperature. For this reason, the
heat exchanger area in the hot water cylinder must be
dimensioned for the heat output in summer (external
temperature approx. 25 C).

Request for Hot Water without Additional Heat Exchanger

When hot water is requested during heating operation, the heat

pump controller switches off the heat circulating pump (M13) and
switches on the hot water circulating pump (M18). The heat flow
of the heat pump is then tapped upstream from the buffer tank
and is diverted to the heat exchanger in the hot water cylinder.

7.7.2

7.8.1

domestic hot water preparation. In this case, domestic hot water

is prepared as described in Chapt. 7.7.1 on pp. 69.

NOTE
When heat pumps with additional heat exchangers are installed outdoors,
both the heating flow and return flow pipes as well as two additional
thermally-insulated pipes for waste heat recovery must be laid in the
ground. In special cases, the waste heat recovery can be deactivated and
the domestic hot water prepared as with standard heat pumps.

Waste Heat Recovery in Cooling Operation

The waste heat is normally discharged outside in cooling

operation. A heat exchanger installed in the hot gas of the
cooling circuit (immediately after the compressor) can use this
freely available waste heat at temperatures of up to 80 C for
domestic hot water preparation. Additional energy consumers
can also be connected to the hot water system.

switched on. Waste heat is now discharged either via a

swimming pool heat exchanger or a buffer tank. By using a buffer
tank, several heat consumers can be supplied simultaneously
(e.g. underfloor heating and heated towel rail).

The hot water circulating pump (M18) heats up the hot water
cylinder in cooling operation to an adjustable maximum
temperature. The hot water circulating pump is subsequently
switched off and the swimming pool circulating pump (M19)

The waste heat produced in cooling operation is first used for domestic
hot water preparation and subsequently for supplying additional heat
consumers or is then temporarily stored in a buffer tank. If the waste heat
can not be fully utilized, the residual heat is dissipated to the surrounding
air.

7.8
7.8.1

NOTE

Special accessories
Room climate control station

With cooling using panel heating/cooling systems, regulation is

carried out according to the room temperature and humidity
measured by the room climate control station.
This is done by setting the desired room temperature on the heat
pump manager. The minimum possible cooling water
temperature is calculated from the room temperature and
humidity measured in the reference room. The control response
of the cooling system is influenced by the currently measured
room temperature and the set room set temperature.

Fig. 7.4:

www.dimplex.de

Room climate control station

69

7.8.2

7.8.2

Heating/cooling ON/OFF room temperature controller

The RTK 601U is automatically switched between Heating and

Cooling mode using the change-over contact of the cooling
controller. The room temperature controller can be mounted in
flat switch mounting frames (50 x 50 mm according to
DIN 49075).
Controlling range 5-30 C

Switching capacity AC 24 V~/50 Hz

Connection of up to 5 valve actuators (24 V~, closed when
de-energised)
As an option, the dew point sensor TPF 341 can be
connected to interrupt the cooling operation in case of
condensate formation.

Operating voltage 24 V~/50 Hz

7.8.3

Remote control

A remote control adds convenience and is available as a special

accessory. Operation and menu navigation are identical to that of
the heat pump manager. However, additional functions can be
used by means of supplementary pushbuttons (for a detailed
description, see remote control instructions). The remote control
is connected via a 6-core telephone cable (special accessory)
with modular plugs.

70

NOTE
In the case of heating controllers with a removable operating element,
this can also be used directly as a remote control.

Comparison of Heat Pump Cooling Systems

8.4

8 Comparison of Heat Pump Cooling Systems

Heat pumps for heating purposes are used primarily for heating
buildings and domestic hot water preparation. The air, ground or
ground water are used as a heat source. For economic reasons,
air-to-water heat pumps are increasingly being used to heat
buildings.
The requirements for cooling can be quite varied. On the one
hand, technical systems must frequently be cooled year-round to
ensure the operational safety of e.g. networks. On the other
hand, nightly cooling down of individual parts of the building's
structure (thermal activation of structural building parts) is
normally sufficient in buildings which are thermally insulated to a
high standard and have a low passive solar energy gain.

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

The decision-making process should take the following into

consideration:
Costs of tapping the cold source
Controllability of the flow temperatures
Minimum flow temperatures in cooling operation (cooling
limit)
Availability of the cold source for varied cooling consumption
Operating costs for pumps and compressor in cooling
operation
Operating limits

Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Active Cooling

Cold source

++

Low costs of tapping the cold source

Controllability

Good controllability of the flow temperatures

Cooling limits

Low flow temperatures possible in cooling operation

Availability

++

Guaranteed availability of the cold source for varied cooling requirements

Operating costs

Operating costs for pumps and compressor in cooling operation, waste heat recovery

operating limits

Cooling at external temperatures above 15 C possible

Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps with Active Cooling

Cold source

Costs of tapping the cold source

Controllability

Good controllability of the flow temperatures

Cooling limits

Low flow temperatures possible in cooling operation (e.g. dehumidification)

Availability

Cold source must be dimensioned for both heating and cooling operation

Operating costs

Operating costs for pumps and compressor in cooling operation, waste heat recovery

operating limits

Year-round heating or cooling operation in combination with borehole heat exchangers

Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps with Passive Cooling

Cold source

Costs of tapping the cold source

Controllability

Poor controllability of the flow temperatures

Cooling limits

Flow temperatures dependent on the temperature of the borehole heat exchanger

Availability

Cold source must be dimensioned for both heating and cooling operation

Operating costs

++

Low operating costs in cooling operation (brine circulating pump only)

Operating limits

Cooling throughout the year subject to the brine temperature

Water-to-Water Heat Pumps with Passive Cooling

Cold source

Costs of tapping the cold source

Controllability

Flow temperatures controllable up to cold source temperature

Cooling limits

Flow temperatures almost constant (ground water)

Availability

Good availability of the cold source if water quality is sufficient

Operating costs

Low operating costs in cooling operation (well pump only)

Operating limits

Cooling throughout the year subject to the max. permissible heating

www.dimplex.de

71

8.5

8.5

Summary

A reversible air-to-water heat pump provides guaranteed and

easily controllable cooling of a building at low investment costs.
For applications with a high cooling consumption, passive
cooling systems can compensate the higher costs of tapping the
heat source through lower operating costs. They also offer the
option of year-round cooling.

72

Reversible brine-to-water heat pumps are used wherever the

available heat source is to be used for cooling, but the flow
temperatures are too high for passive cooling.

NOTE
When comparing operating costs, consideration should be given to
whether heat pumps - also in cooling operation - can avail of the special
tariff from the utility companies.

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.1

9 Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

The generated cooling capacity is distributed using the heat
distribution system which is also to be configured for distributing
cold water.
Condensate can form due to the low flow temperatures,
especially in the case of dynamic cooling. All pipework and
exposed manifold fittings must be fitted with steam-resistant
insulation. Vulnerable points in the distribution system can also
be equipped with a dew point monitor, available as a special

9.1
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
13.
14.
E9
E10
E10.1
E10.2
E10.5
N1
N2
N3/N4
N6
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
M17
M18
M19
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R9
R11
Y5
Y6
TC
EV
KW
WW

accessory. This will halt cooling operation in the event of

moisture formation.
Refer to the Project Planning and Installation Manual for Heat
Pumps for general information regarding the installation and
integration of heat pumps. An interactive configuration tool for
selecting the correct hydraulic integration is available at
www.dimplex.de/einbindungen.

Legend
Heat pump
Air-to-water heat pump
Brine-to-water heat pumps
Water-to-water heat pumps
Reversible air-to-water heat pump
Reversible brine-to-water heat pump
Reversible water-to-water heat pump
Heat pump manager
Buffer tank
Hot water cylinder
Swimming pool heat exchanger
Passive cooling station with cooling controller N6
Heating and silent or dynamic cooling
Fan convector with 4-wire connection for heating and
cooling
Cooling-only circuit
Heating-only circuit
Heat source
Compact manifold
Flange heater, hot water
2nd heat generator (HG2)
Immersion heater
Oil/gas boiler
Solar energy system
Heating controller
Cooling controller for reversible heat pumps
Room climate control stations
Cooling controller for passive cooling
Primary pump for heating operation
Primary pump for cooling operation
Heat circulating pump for main circuit
Heat circulating pump for heating circuit 1
Heat circulating pump for heating circuit 2
Auxiliary circulating pump
Cooling circulating pump
Hot water circulating pump
Swimming pool water circulating pump
External wall sensor
Return flow sensor
Hot water sensor
Return flow sensor for cooling water
Temperature sensor for heating circuit 2
Flow sensor
Flow sensor for cooling water
Three-way distribution valve
Two-way shutoff valve
Room temperature controller
Electrical distribution system
Cold water
Hot water

www.dimplex.de

MA
MZ

Mixer open
Mixer closed

7&

Thermostat-controlled valve
0

Three-way mixer

Four-way mixer
0

Expansion vessel

Safety valve combination

Temperature sensor
Flow
Return flow
Heat consumer

Shut-off valve

Shut-off valve with check valve

Shutoff valve with drainage

Circulating pump

Overflow valve

Three-way reversing valve with actuator

Two-way valve with actuator

ATTENTION!
The following is a schematic representation of the key components for
hydraulic integration and serves as an aid for planning a customized
system.
They do not contain all the required safety devices, components needed
to maintain constant pressure and any other additional valves which may
be required for maintenance and service work as stipulated by
DIN EN 12828.

NOTE
An interactive configuration tool for selecting the correct hydraulic
integration is available at www.dimplex.de/einbindungen.

73

9.2

9.2

Active, dynamic cooling

0
11

7&

Dynamic cooling with regulation according to a fixed setpoint for fan

convectors

1

1



0
11

7&

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

11

1

1

1%
5

11
11

(



Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Mono
energy

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

Dynamic cooling takes place via

fan convectors, for example.
Here, the indoor air flows through
a heat exchanger in which the
cooling water is circulating. Flow
temperatures below the dew point
cause condensation to form and
thus lead to a cooling and
dehumidification of the indoor air
(Chapt. 3.5 on pp. 13).

11

0

11

0

1%
5

74

1. Heating circuit

Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation and dynamic cooling

Dynamic cooling via fan convectors and domestic hot water preparation

Fig. 9.2:

Mono
energy

To prevent the dew point being

undershot in the supply lines,
these must be provided with
steam-resistant insulation.

11
(

Fig. 9.1:

Operating mode

Dynamic cooling regulation is

equivalent to regulation according
to a fixed setpoint with an
adjustable return flow set
temperature.

11

Setting

Cooling with reversible heat

pumps is carried out actively, i.e.
the heat pump's compressor is
operational during cooling
operation. The waste heat
produced is transferred to the
heat source (Chapt. 9.2 on
pp. 74).

11

0

1%
5

Preconfiguration

(

Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation, domestic hot water preparation and dynamic cooling

Cooling operation of reversible

heat pumps without additional
heat exchangers is interrupted
when a DHW request occurs.

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.3

9.3

Active, silent cooling

7&

Silent cooling with dew point-controlled regulation for surface cooling

systems

0
11
0

1%
5

Operating mode

Mono
energy

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

The room climate control station

(RKS WPM), which must be
installed in a reference room, is
essential for operation. Dew point
regulation of silent cooling is
carried out using the temperature
sensor (R5) in the mixed cooling
circuit. The mixer is not active in
heating operation.

11

1

Setting

Silent cooling works by

absorbing heat from cooled floor,
wall or ceiling surfaces. The
cooling water temperature here
must always be kept above the
dew point temperature
(Chapt. 3.6 on pp. 14).

11

0

111
00$0=

5
1%

Preconfiguration

1

11
(



Fig. 9.3:

Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation and silent cooling

7&

Silent cooling via surface heating/cooling systems and domestic hot water
preparation

0
11
0

11

0

11

1%
5

0

111
00$0=

5
1%

11

1

1

1%
5

11

(



Fig. 9.4:

11

(

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Mono
energy

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In silent cooling, regulation of

individual rooms is carried out
using room temperature
controllers for heating/cooling,
which can be switched from
heating to cooling operation. The
room thermostats are switched
from heating to cooling operation
via a floating contact supplied by
the cooling controller
(Chapt. 10.6.2 on pp. 86).
Cooling operation of reversible
heat pumps without additional
heat exchangers is interrupted
when a DHW request occurs.

Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation, domestic hot water preparation and
silent Cooling

www.dimplex.de

75

9.4

9.4

Active cooling with waste heat recovery

0
11

7&

Dynamic Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Additional Heat

Exchanger

11
1

Setting

Operating mode

Mono
energy

Additional heat
exchanger, domestic
hot water

Yes

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In the case of reversible air-towater heat pumps equipped with

an additional heat exchanger, the
waste heat produced in cooling
operation can be used for
domestic hot water and swimming
pool preparation.

0
11

0

11

1%
5

Preconfiguration

1

The integrated additional heat

exchanger is connected via a
pipe for flow and return flow,
11
11
which must be additionally
(
(
installed. This allows the parallel

preparation of domestic hot water
during cooling and heating
Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation, domestic hot water preparation with waste heat recovery operation. Cooling operation is
not interrupted when a DHW
and dynamic cooling
request occurs.
1%
5



Fig. 9.5:

7&

7&

Dynamic and Silent Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with

Additional Heat Exchanger

0
11

0
11

111
00$0=

5
1%

0
11

0
11

0

11

1%
5

11
1

1

1%
5

11

(

11


(



Fig. 9.6:

76

Integration diagram for mono energy heat pump operation, silent and dynamic cooling, domestic hot water and
swimming pool preparation with waste heat recovery

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Mono
energy

Additional heat
exchanger, domestic
hot water

Yes

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

Yes

With air-to-water heat pumps with

additional heat exchangers,
parallel swimming pool
preparation is also possible
during cooling operation. The
swimming pool heat exchanger
can be replaced by a buffer tank
of any desired size, in order for
waste heat produced in cooling
operation to be used by other
heat consumers.
During waste heat recovery, the
set temperature for domestic hot
water can be raised using the
settings on the heat pump
manager.

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.4

0
11

7&

Dynamic Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps with Additional Heat

Exchanger

1%
5

1%
5

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

Additional heat
exchanger, domestic
hot water

Yes

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

The heat output to be discharged

to the borehold heat exchangers
is calculated using the cooling
output of the heat pump plus the
electric power consumption of the
heat pump as calculated in the
design (Table 5.1 on pp. 38).

11

0

0

11

Preconfiguration

In cooling operation, domestic hot

water temperatures of up to 60C
are achieved during waste heat
recovery.

11

1

1

0
11

1%
5




11
(



NOTE

Domestic hot water preparation

Fig. 9.7: Integration diagram for monovalent heat pump operation, dynamic cooling and waste heat recovery for domestic hot with two compressors can only
water preparation
take place in parallel operation.

7&

7&

Dynamic and Silent Cooling with Air-to-Water Heat Pumps with Additional
Heat Exchanger

1%
5

11

1

1

0
11

1%
5




11



Fig. 9.8:

(

Integration diagram for monovalent heat pump operation, silent and dynamic cooling with waste heat recovery for
domestic hot water preparation

www.dimplex.de

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

Additional heat
exchanger, domestic
hot water

Yes

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

Cooling function
Active

Yes

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

For systems with two heating

circuits, both silent and dynamic
cooling is possible in cooling
operation. Using the Cooling
settings, circulating pump M14 or
M15 can be deactivated in
cooling operation (Table ?????.?
on pp. 67).

11

0

1%
5

11

0

0
11

111
00$0=

0
11

5
1%

Preconfiguration

Hydraulic uncoupling is carried

out using a dual differential
pressureless manifold.
Operation of the circulating pump
(M16) in the generator circuit with
the compressor in heating
operation only, to avoid
unnecessary operation.

77

9.5

9.5

Passive Cooling with Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps

7&

Brine-to-water heat pumps in a compact design

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Mono
energy

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive
System design
1%
5

1

11
<

1

0

0

0

11



5

1%
5

11



Fig. 9.9:

Request

Sensors
Yes

With brine-to-water heat pumps,

cooling operation is interrupted
for the duration of the domestic
hot water preparation (setting
Parallel Cooling - DHW)

11
(

Yes

Cooling is carried out passively,

i.e. the compressor is not
operational in cooling operation.
The cooling output is produced
via a heat exchanger, which is
cooled by the brine. With silent
cooling and an unmixed heating
circuit, undershooting of the dew
point is prevented via surging of
the brine circulating pump (M12)
in the passive cooling station.

0

Hot water
preparation
Flange heater

11

Yes
2-pipe
system

(

Integration diagram for mono energy operation of compact brine-to-water heat pumps, silent and dynamic cooling and
domestic hot water preparation

7&

7&

Brine-to-water heat pumps in a universal design

0
11
0

1%
5

97%

(%.39

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

::0

97%

.39

Yes
2-pipe
system

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

The separation of generator and

consumer circuit permits the
parallel operation of passive
cooling and domestic hot water
preparation. The setting Parallel
Cooling - DHW must be activated
in order to do this.

11

0

1. Heating circuit

System design

11
0

<
11

11

Operating mode

Cooling function
passive

1

0

Setting
Monovalent

00+
111
00$0=

0
11

::0

5
1%

Preconfiguration

With two heating circuits and

silent-only cooling, the mixer

takes over the task of preventing
11
undershooting of the dew point.
The circulating pump (M14) of the
(

unmixed heating circuit is not
actuated by the controller in
cooling mode (Table ?????.? on
Fig. 9.10: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of brine-to-water heat pumps with domestic hot water preparation and
pp. 67).
silent cooling via a mixed heating circuit
0
11

1



78

1%
5

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.6

9.6

Passive Cooling with Compact Manifold

7&

Passive Cooling with Silent Cooling

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive
System design

11

0
1

<
11

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

With silent cooling and an

unmixed heating circuit,
undershooting of the dew point is
prevented via surging of the brine
circulating pump (M12) in the
passive cooling station. The heat
circulating pump (M13) runs in
continuous operation during
cooling.

0
11

1

Hot water
preparation

If a KPV 25 compact manifold is

used, the three-way reversing
valve must be installed in the
return flow between the compact
manifold and the heat pump. The
flow can be connected directly to
the compact manifold.

11
.39

0

1%
5

Yes
2-pipe
system






Fig. 9.11: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of brine-to-water heat pumps and silent cooling

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive

No

7&

Passive cooling with silent cooling and parallel domestic hot water
preparation

System design

11

::0

0

11
.39

0

1%
5

<
11

11
0
1

<
11

0
11

1

1%
5




2-pipe
system

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

If a KPV 25 compact manifold is

used, the three-way reversing
valve must be installed in the
return flow between the compact
manifold and the heat pump. The
two-way valve in the heat flow
enables the parallel operation of
passive cooling with
simultaneous domestic hot water
preparation.

11

The heating controller (N1) and

the cooling controller (N6) are

connected by a three-core cable.
All settings are made on the
Fig. 9.12: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of brine-to-water heat pumps with silent cooling and domestic hot water control panel of the heat pump
manager.
preparation
(

www.dimplex.de

79

9.7

9.7

Passive Cooling with Separate Heating and Cooling Circuits

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive

11

0

0
11

7&

Cooling throughout the year with brine-to-water heat pumps

System design
7

11
0
1


7

0

1

1%
5

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

The cooling circulating pump

(M17) operates continuously in
cooling mode.




11

Hot water
preparation

Hydraulic isolation of the heating

and cooling circuits is appropriate
for passive cooling systems if
some rooms must be cooled and
others heated simultaneously. It
is also suitable when the heating
system cannot be operated with
cooled water.

11

0

11

0

11

0

1%
5

No
4-pipe
system

11
(

The heating functions are active

when cooling mode is activated.



Fig. 9.13: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of standard brine-to-water heat pumps with a heating-only circuit and a
silent or dynamic cooling circuit

Passive cooling with 4-pipe fan convectors

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

11

0

0
11

Cooling function
passive
System design
7

11
0
1


7

0

1

1%
5




11

11
(



Fig. 9.14: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of standard brine-to-water heat pumps with a heating-only circuit and a
dynamic cooling circuit via fan convectors

80

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

Fan convectors with two

connections each for heating and
cooling water permit the cooling
of individual rooms whilst other
rooms are still being heated.

11

0

11

0

11

0

1%
5

No
4-pipe
system

In systems containing a 4-pipe

system, the cooling circuit must
also be equipped with all safety
devices required according to
DIN EN 12828 and with the
components needed to maintain
pressure.

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.8

9.8

Passive Cooling with Ground Water

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

7&

Water-to-water heat pumps with silent cooling

7

Cooling function
passive

0
11

111
00$0=

5
1%

System design

1%
5

11

1%
5

1%
5

1

1

11

0





Hot water
preparation

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

With passive cooling using well

water, the wall-mounted WPM PK
cooling controller must be used.
The heat exchanger is designed
for the required cooling output
and hydraulically connected in
series to the evaporator of the
heat pump. The quality of the well
water must be taken into
consideration when selecting the
heat exchanger material
(Chapt. 6.1 on pp. 60).
Unlike passive cooling with brineto-water heat pumps, no
additional primary pump for
cooling is required (Chapt. 7.4 on
pp. 66)

11

0

<
11

Yes
2-pipe
system

Fig. 9.15: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of water-to-water heat pumps and silent cooling via a mixed heating
circuit

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

7&

Water-to-water heat pumps with silent cooling and domestic hot water
preparation

Cooling function
passive

0
11

111
00$0=

5
1%

System design

1%
5

11

1%
5

1%
5

1

1

1%
5




11

0

11



Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In silent cooling with ground

water, the mixer in the heating/
cooling circuit takes over the dew
point-controlled regulation.

11

0

11

0

<
11

Yes
2-pipe
system

Silent-only cooling can also take

place without a mixer, as with
brine-to-water heat pumps.
However, installing a mixer
reduces the occurrence of surges
in the ground water pump in
cooling operation.

(

Fig. 9.16: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of water-to-water heat pumps with domestic hot water preparation and
silent cooling via a mixed heating circuit

www.dimplex.de

81

9.8

7&

7&

Passive Cooling with Water-to-Water Heat Pumps

0
11

111
00$0=

0
11

5
1%

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

Cooling function
passive

Yes

System design

1%
5

<
11

2-pipe
system

Hot water
preparation

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In systems with more than two

heating circuits which are not all
to be cooled, the return flows of
the cooling circuits must be
combined together and switched
to the cooling exchanger via the
3-way reversing valve.

11

0

Preconfiguration

1%
5

11

The return flows of the heatingonly circuits must be hydraulically

directed to the heat pump after
the 3-way reversing valve.

1%
5

1

1

NOTE



In passive cooling, the cooling

water can, in principle, also be
directed via the buffer tank.

11

0



Fig. 9.17: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of water-to-water heat pumps, dynamic and silent cooling via a mixed
heating circuit

7&

7&

Passive Cooling with Water-to-Water Heat Pumps and Domestic Hot Water
Preparation

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

Yes

11

1%
5

1%
5

1

1

1%
5




11

0

11



Yes
2-pipe
system

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In systems with domestic hot

water preparation, the heat
exchanger can be installed before
or after the heat pump.

11

0

11

<
11

0

Operating mode

System design

1%
5

(

Fig. 9.18: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of water-to-water heat pumps with domestic hot water preparation,
dynamic and silent cooling via a mixed heating circuit

82

Setting

Cooling function
passive

0
11

111
00$0=

0
11

5
1%

Preconfiguration

A heat exchanger installed before

the heat pump improves the COP
in domestic hot water preparation
when cooling is carried out
simultaneously, as the heat
source temperature is raised.
If the heat exchanger is installed
after the heat pump, then the heat
source temperature is lower, and
thus the cooling capacity is
increased.

Hydraulic Integration for Heating and Cooling Operation

9.8

11

0

0
11

7&

Cooling throughout the year with water-to-water heat pumps.

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive

Yes

System design

11

1%
5

Hot water
preparation

No

Swimming pool
preparation

No

Hydraulic isolation of the heating

and cooling circuits is appropriate
for passive cooling systems if
some rooms must be cooled, and
is also suitable when the heating
system is not to be operated with
cooled water. The cooling
circulating pump (M17) operates
continuously in cooling mode.

11

0

11

0

1%
5

4-pipe
system

1%
5

1

1



11

0



Fig. 9.19: Integration diagram for monovalent operation of standard water-to-water heat pumps with a heating-only circuit and a
dynamic cooling circuit

Preconfiguration

Setting

Operating mode

Monovalent

1. Heating circuit

Yes

2. Heating circuit

No

Cooling function
passive

11

0

0
11

7&

Cooling throughout the year with water-to-water heat pumps with domestic
hot water preparation

System design

11

1%
5

Hot water
preparation

Yes

Request

Sensors

Flange heater

Yes

Swimming pool
preparation

No

In systems containing a 4-pipe

system, the cooling circuit must
also be equipped with all safety
devices required according to
DIN EN 12828 and with the
components needed to maintain
pressure.

11

0

11

0

11

0

1%
5

Yes
4-pipe
system

1%
5

1

1

1%
5




11



0

11
(

Fig. 9.20: Integration diagram for monovalent heating operation of standard water-to-water heat pumps with domestic hot water
preparation, a heating-only circuit and a dynamic cooling circuit.

www.dimplex.de

83

10

10 Electrical Installation
The electrical installation of the heating controller is described in
the Dimplex Project Planning and Installation Manual for Heat
Pumps for Heating Purposes and in the installation instructions
for the heat pump manager.

ATTENTION!
The circuit diagrams shown in this chapter can vary from case to case
due to the number of different heat pumps for heating and cooling
purposes. The circuit diagram affixed to the inside of the heat pump
switchbox must be adhered to during the electrical installation.

10.1 Cooling controller for reversible heat pumps

The input and output connections additionally required by
reversible heat pumps are provided on a cooling controller (N2/
N17).
1)

Room climate control stations

2)

Heat circulating pump of heating circuit 1 (M14)

3)

Swimming pool circulating pump (M19)

4)

Optional fault indicator (H5)

5)

Optional cooling circulating pump (M17)

NOTE
Cooling controller N2 for reversible brine-to-water heat pumps with waste
heat recovery has been replaced by two cooling modules, N17.1 and
N17.2.

10.2 Cooling controller for passive cooling

In addition to the installation of the heating controller, the
following components must be connected to the passive cooling
controller N6:

4)

Reversing valves (Y5,Y6) for hydraulic isolation

on terminal N6-N05

5)

Swimming pool circulating pump (M19) on terminal N6-N02

1)

Room climate control station (N3)

on terminal block N6-J2

6)

Optional fault indicator (H5)

on terminal N6-N03

2)

Optional room climate control station 2 (N4)

on terminal block N6-J3

7)

Optional cooling circulating pump (M17)

on terminal N6-N04

3)

Heat circulating pump of heating circuit 1 (M14)

on terminal N6-N01

8)

Primary circulating pump for passive cooling (M12) of brineto-water heat pumps on terminal N6-N06

10.3 Room temperature regulation with dynamic cooling

The cooling water temperature is kept constant during dynamic
cooling. Room temperature regulation is carried out by the fan
convector controller. In principle, two versions are available here:
Regulation of the water flow rate
Regulation of the air flow rate via ventilation levels
Fan convectors whose heating output and cooling capacity can
be regulated via ventilation levels should preferably be used in
connection with a heat pump. In this case, the water flow rate
through the heat pump is ensured even when there is a low
heating or cooling requirement.
The room temperature controller is usually included in the scope
of supply of the fan convector. Switching from heating to cooling
operation can be done in different ways:




1
;;
(9

1

Manual switching
Automatic switching of the room thermostats via a floating
contact on the heat pump manager
Integrated controller with automatic switch-over depending
on the flow temperature

84

Fig. 10.1: Diagram showing electrical connections for room temperature

regulation for dynamic cooling using switchable room thermostats

Electrical Installation

10.5

10.4 Room climate control station with silent cooling

Room climate control station wiring

With silent cooling, the flow temperature is regulated depending

on the room set temperature and the determined dew point limit
temperature. The minimum permissible temperature on the
cooling surface is calculated by the heat pump manager based in
the room temperature and humidity of a reference room
measured by the room climate control station (RKS WPM)
(Fig. 10.2 on pp. 85).

Electrical connecting cable (5-core) to the heat pump manager.

Maximum cable length 30 m, cross section 1.5 mm. A shielded
cable should be used for a common installation with a mains
cable.
Additional room temperature controllers must be used when
there are multiple rooms which are to be regulated individually by
the user (Chapt. 10.6 on pp. 86).

Legend:








N1

Heating controller

N2

Cooling controller

EV

Electrical distribution system

13

Surface heating

15

Room climate control station

16

Switchable room thermostat

17

Underfloor manifold for heating / cooling













1
;;
1

(9
a
9]
+

Fig. 10.2: Diagram showing electrical connections for room temperature regulation for silent cooling with room climate control and switchable room thermostats

10.5 Extended dew point monitoring

Extended dew point monitoring serves to protect the distribution
system (e.g. heating circuit manifold) from the formation of
condensate. If condensate then forms, the cooling operation of
the entire system is interrupted.

NOTE
Extended dew point monitoring acts like an automatic switch-off, which is
not reset again until the dew point sensor is completely dry.

Dew point monitor

The dew point monitor converts the signals of the individual dew
point sensors into a blocking signal for the heat pump manager.
A maximum of 5 dew point sensors can be connected.

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The dewpoint monitor interrupts the cooling operation of the

entire system if condensation forms on at least one dew point
sensor.

Dew point monitor wiring

3-core electrical connection line to the cooling controller

Dew point monitor wiring

The supply lead of the dew point sensor to the dew point monitor
can be extended to 20 m using a standard cable (e.g.
2x 0.75 mm) and up to 150 m when using a shielded cable (e.g.
I(Y) STY 2x 0.8 mm). Installation must always be carried out
separately from live cables.

85

10.6

10.6 Regulation of the Room Temperature

In the case of silent cooling, the flow temperature is regulated
centrally based on the room temperature and the humidity in a
reference room. Switchable room temperature controllers are
used to set the desired room temperatures individually (see
Fig. 10.2 on pp. 85).

Room temperature controller heating/cooling

In heating operation, the heating water flow is stopped when the
room set temperature is overshot. In cooling operation, the
cooling water flow is stopped when the room set temperature is
undershot.
An additional dew point sensor can be connected to the
RTK 601U room temperature controller (available as an
accessory); this sensor stops the cooling of a room when
condensate forms on the cooling surface.

9

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NOTE
In rooms with open cooling systems (e.g. cooled ceilings) and in rooms
with greatly varying humidity (e.g. conference rooms), we recommend the
use of an additional dew point sensor on the cooling surface, which stops
the actuator of the respective room when condensate forms.

IRUIXUWKHUDFWXDWRUV
REVHUYHPD[FRQWURORXWSXW

Fig. 10.3: Circuit diagram for room temperature controller heating/cooling

10.6.1 Room temperature controller for manual switching

The use of a combined system means that either heating or
cooling water is present in the heating circuit manifold for every
room. Manual reversal of the switch on the RTK 602U switches
the control response around in cooling operation.

NOTE
In rooms which are not to be cooled (e.g. bathrooms), switchable room
temperature controllers prevent the occurrence of unwanted cooling
when the room set temperature is undershot.

10.6.2 Room temperature controller with automatic switching

The heat pump cooling controller (N2/N6/N17) is equipped with a
floating contact for automatically switching the room thermostats
from heating to cooling operation.

/RDG
PD[$

This switching contact can be used on the RTK 601U room

temperature controller (available as a special accessory) for
automatically switching to cooling operation.

NOTE
In rooms which are not to be cooled (e.g. bathrooms), the actuator is
allocated a Continuous OFF command in cooling operation if the mass
(contact F) is hard-wired to the dew point inlet.

'HZSRLQW
VHQVRU
1 &

11

Fig. 10.4: RTK 601U circuit diagram (individual room)

86

Electrical Installation

10.6.2

Room temperature controller wiring

(see also Fig. 10.2 on pp. 85)
Installation of a 24 V~/50 Hz voltage supply to every heating
circuit manifold for the room temperature controllers and
electrothermal actuators (24 V~, closed when de-energized)
via a transformer to be provided by the customer.
A five-core cable must be installed from the heating circuit
manifolds to every room temperature controller (2-core
voltage supply, 2 -core switching heating/cooling, 1 -core
switching output for actuator).
A two-core cable must be installed from the heating circuit
manifolds to the relay output of the cooling controller (N2/
N6/N17). This is used for automatic switching in cooling
operation.

NOTE
Up to 20 RTK 601U room temperature controllers can be interconnected
in parallel via the floating contact of the cooling controller. The supply
voltage to the actuators is provided by an external 24V AC 50Hz supply.
The transformer output must be calculated in such a way that there is no
interruption of the supply voltage, even from the start-up currents of
several actuators.

Fig. 10.5: RTK 601U circuit diagram (parallel connection)

www.dimplex.de

87

10.7

10.7 Circuit Diagrams

Fig. 10.6: Circuit diagram of the WPM 2006 R wall-mounted heat pump manager N1 (heating controller) - Legend see Chapt. 10.8 on pp. 91

88

Electrical Installation

10.7

Fig. 10.7: Circuit diagram of the WPM 2006 R wall-mounted heat pump manager for cooling N2 (cooling controller)

Fig. 10.8: Circuit diagram of WPM PK - N6 (passive cooling controller)

NOTE
With brine-to-water heat pumps, cold is provided by switching an
additional primary cooling pump (M12) on and off in the brine circuit.
Bridge A6 must be removed (Chapt. 7.4 on pp. 66)

www.dimplex.de

NOTE
If cooling is implemented via a separate pipe system (e.g. 4-pipe system)
with its own cooling circulating pump (M17), the heat circulating pump
(M13) can be deactivated in cooling operation via bridge A5 (Chapt. 7.5.3
on pp. 67).

89

10.7

Fig. 10.9: Circuit diagram for heating controller SI 30TER+ / SI 75TER+

Fig. 10.10:Circuit diagram for cooling controller SI 30TER+ / SI 75TER+

90

Electrical Installation

10.8

10.8 Legend for the circuit diagrams

A

Bridges

A1

A5
A6
A7
A8
A9

Bridges: Utility company block (EnergieVersogerSperre EVS) - must be installed if the supply voltage is not
interrupted by the energy provider
Bridges: Heat pump block - frost protection guaranteed
Bridge for heat pumps without motor protection contact of
the primary pump or the ventilator
Bridge for heat pumps without motor protection contact of
the compressor
Bridge for parallel operation of M13/M17 with PKS
Bridge for parallel operation of M11/M12
Bridge, supplementary heating
Bridge, request for hot water
Bridge, underfloor heating

Auxiliary switch

B2*
B3*
B4*

Low-pressure brine controller

Hot water thermostat
Swimming pool water thermostat

A2
A3
A4

M3
M11*
M12*
M13*
M14*
M15*
M16*
M17*
M18*
M19*
M20*
M21*
M22*

Compressor 2
Heat source primary pump
Primary pump passive cooling
Heat circulating pump for main circuit
Heat circulating pump for heating circuit 1 for cooling
Heat circulating pump for heating circuit 2/3
Auxiliary circulating pump
Cooling circulating pump
Hot water circulating pump (load pump)
Swimming pool water circulating pump
Primary pump for 2nd heat source
Mixer for bivalent or heating circuit 3
Mixer for heating circuit 2

Control elements

N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N9
N10*
N11*
N14
Q1

Heating controller
Cooling controller (reversible heat pump)
Room climate control station 1
Room climate control station 2
Dew point monitor
Cooling controller (passive cooling)
Room thermostat (switchable)
Remote control
Relay module
Control panel for WPM 2007
Miniature circuit breaker M11

Sensor, resistors

R1
R2
R3*
R4
R5*
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10.
1- 5*
R11
R12
R13
R17*
R18
R20

External sensor
Return flow sensor
Hot water sensor
Return flow sensor for cooling water
Sensor for heating circuit 2
Freeze protection sensor
Coding resistor
Flow sensor, cooling
Flow sensor (antifreeze sensor)
Dew point sensor
(humidity sensors for N5 - max. of 5 sensors)
Flow sensor for cooling water
Defrost end sensor
Sensor for heating circuit 3 / renewable sensor
Room temperature sensor
Hot gas sensor
Swimming pool sensor

Heating, cooling and auxiliary units

E3
E5
E9
E10*
E13*

Defrost end pressure switch

Condensation pressure switch
Flange heater, hot water
2. Heat generator (function selectable via controller)
2. Chiller

Safety unit

F1
F2

F4
F5
F6
F7
F10
F23

Control fuse of N2 / N6
Load fuse for plug-in terminals J12 and J13 5 x 20 / 4.0 A
slow-acting
Load fuse for plug-in terminals J15 to J18, 5x20/4.0 A
slow-acting
High-pressure switch
Low-pressure switch
Flow temp. limit thermostat
Safety temperature monitor
Flow rate switch (cooling operation)
Motor protection M1 / M11

Lamps

H5*

Remote fault indicator lamp

Contactors, relays, contacts

K1
K1.1
K1.2
K2
K3
K3.1
K3.2
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
K9

Contactor for compressor 1

Start-up contactor for compressor 1
Time relay for compressor 1
Contactor (relay) ventilator 1
Contactor for compressor 2
Start-up contactor for compressor 2
Time relay for compressor 2
Contactor ventilator 2
Contactor, primary pump - M11
Contactor, primary pump 2 - M20
Semiconductor relay, defrosting
Contactor / relay for supplementary heating
Coupling relay 230 V/24 V for defrost end or flow
temperature limit
Electronic relay for remote fault indicator
Electronic relay for swimming pool water circulating
pump
Contactor for HG2
Contactor, flange heater for hot water
Utility blocking contactor (EVS)
Auxiliary relay for block
External switching to cooling operation

T-Transformer

T1

Safety transformer 230/24V AC

Cables

Motors

M1
M2

Compressor 1
Ventilator

F3

K11*
K12*
K20*
K21*
K22*
K23*
K28*

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W1
Control line, 15-pole
W1 - # Core number of cable W1
W1-#8 must always be connected!

Terminals, manifold, plugs

X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X8
X11

Supply connection terminal strip 230 V (L/N/PE)

Extra-low voltage
Extra-low voltage
Plug connector terminal
Distribution board terminal 0V AC
Control line plug connector (extra-low voltage)
Control line plug connector 230 V AC

Valve

Y1
Y5*
Y6*

Four-way reversing valve

Three-way distribution valve
Two-way shutoff valve

Supplied by the customer, optional

91

10.9

10.9 Heat pump manager terminal assignation

N1

Heating controller

N1-J1
N1-J2-B1
N1-J2-B2
N1-J2-B3
N1-J3-B4
N1-J3-B5
N1-J4-Y1
N1-J4-Y2
N1-J4-Y3
N1-J5-ID1
N1-J5-ID2
N1-J5-ID3
N1-J5-ID4
N1-J5-ID2
N1-J5-ID6
N1-J5-ID8
N1-J5-ID7
N1-J6-B6
N1-J6-B7
N1-J6-B8
N1-J7-ID9
N1-J7-ID10
N1-J7-ID11
N1-J7-ID12
N1-J8-ID13H
N1-J8-ID13
N1-J8-ID14
N1-J8-ID14H
N1-J10
N1-J11
N1-J12-NO1
N1-J13-NO2
N1-J13-NO3
N1-J13-NO4
N1-J13-NO5
N1-J13-NO6
N1-J14-NO7/N08
N1-J16-NO9
N1-J16-NO10
N1-J16-NO11
N1-J17-NO12/NO13

Power supply (24 V AC / 50 Hz)

External sensor - R1
Return flow sensor - R2
Hot water sensor - R3
Coding - R7
Flow sensor or antifreeze sensor heating - R9
Defrosting
Fault indicator lamp - H5 via K11
Swimming pool water circulating pump - M19 via K12
Hot water thermostat - B3
Swimming pool water thermostat - B4
Utility company block
Block
Fault on fan / primary pump - M2 / M11
Compressor fault - M1 / M3
Flow rate switch (cooling operation)
Defrost end pressure switch - E3; Flow temp. limit pressure switch - F6
Sensor for heating circuit 2 - R5 and defrost end sensor
Flow temperature limit sensor - R6; defrost end sensor - R12
Flow sensor, cooling - R8; sensor for heating circuit 3 / renewable sensor - R13
Low pressure brine controller - B2
Hot gas thermostat - F7
Switching protocol TAE
External switching to cooling operation - K28
High-pressure switch - 230 V AC - F4
High-pressure switch - 24 V AC - F4
Low-pressure switch - 24 V AC - F5
Low-pressure switch - 230 V AC - F5
Remote control - N10 / control panel - N14
Connection for pLAN
Compressor 1 - M1
Compressor 2 - M3
Primary pump - M11 / ventilator - M2
2. Heat generator (E10)
Heat circulating pump - M13
Hot water circulating pump - M18
Mixer open/closed - heating circuit 1 - M14
Auxiliary circulating pump - M16
Flange heater for hot water - E9
Heat circulating pump for heating circuit 2/3 - M15
Mixer open/closed - heating circuit 2 - M22

N2 (N6)

Cooling controller

N2-J1
N2-J2-B1
N2-J2-B2
N2-J2-B3
N2-J2-B4
N2-J3-B5
N2-J3-B6
N2-J5-ID1
N2-J5-ID3
N2-J11
N2-J12-NO1
N2-J12-NO2
N2-J12-NO3
N2-J13-NO4
N2-J14-NO7
N2-J15-NO8

Power supply (24 V AC / 50 Hz)

Humidity room climate control station - N3
Humidity room climate control station - N4
Flow sensor for cooling water - R11 / hot gas sensor - R18
Return flow sensor for cooling water - R4
Temperature room climate control station - N3
Temperature room climate control station - N4
Dew point monitor - N5
Condensation pressure switch - E5
Connection for pLAN
Heat circulating pump of heating circuit 1 - M14
Swimming pool water circulating pump - M19
Fault indicator lamp - H5
Four-way reversing valve
2. Chiller
Room thermostat (switchable) - N9

N17

Cooling controller

N17.1-J10-B3
N17.1-J10-B4
N17.1-J9-B1
N17.1-J9-B2
N17.1-J5-NO1
N17.2-J4-ID4
N17.2-J5-NO3
N17.2-J10-B4
*

Humidity room climate control station - N3

Humidity room climate control station - N4
Temperature room climate control station - N3
Temperature room climate control station - N4
Heat circulating pump of heating circuit 1 - M14
Dew point monitor - N5
Swimming pool water circulating pump - M19
Swimming pool sensor R20
Supplied by the customer, optional

92

Appendix

11.1

11 Appendix
11.1 Glossary of Cooling Terms
Annual effort figure of system eP

Fan Convectors

The system's annual effort figure denotes the primary energy

consumed by the system to meet the annual heat consumption of
a building. The annual effort figure of the system is expressed as
a ratio. It is the inverse of the efficiency of the individual system
components. The lower the system's annual effort figure, the
more efficiently it will operate. The method for calculating the
systems annual effort figure is specified in DIN 4701 Part 10.

Fan convectors provide heating and/or cooling for small and

medium-sized rooms, such as offices, conference rooms, class
rooms, living rooms, small halls, restaurants, etc. Special
versions also have an additional air connection and sometimes
even an air-to-air heat exchanger is provided for ventilating a
particular room. Fan convectors are of flat design. They consist
of a ventilator, heat exchanger, filter and panelling. Ventilators
can be operated at several different rotational speeds using step
switches. This makes it possible to adjust the ventilation output
according to the prevailing operating conditions.

Absolute humidity
The absolute humidity denotes the vapour content of the air in g/
kg (g water per kg of dry air). Air always contains a certain mass
of water. This mass remains constant even if the air is heated or
cooled. In contrast to the relative humidity, the absolute humidity
does not change as long as there is no increase (e.g. due to
perspiring persons) or decrease (e.g. due to condensation) in the
water content.

Active cooling with heat pumps for heating

purposes
Cooling by reversing the process in the heat pump; by switching
the refrigerating circuit using a four-way reversing valve, the heat
pump can be operated as a refrigerating machine.

Comfort
Comfort is the defined tolerance zone of the indoor air conditions.
It is determined essentially by the air temperature, humidity, air
velocity and the temperature of the surfaces enclosing rooms.
Only when these values are within definite limits will the indoor
environment be perceived as being comfortable.

Dynamic cooling
Cooling with refrigerant temperatures below the dew point using
fan convectors (forced convection). The cooling surface
temperatures are considerably lower than the room temperature
and dehumidify the indoor air by producing condensation.

Enthalpy
From the Greek enthlpein -> to heat in something. Enthalpy is
the heat content of a transfer medium, e.g. the air, as denoted by
the temperature and the humidity content. The specific enthalpy
is specified in J/kg.

Dehumidify
Reduction in the absolute humidity.

Window ventilation
Exchange of indoor air for outside air using opened or tilted
windows only. The exchange of air is uncontrollable.

Panel heating system

Water flow pipe systems in floor, wall or ceiling surfaces transfer
the heat output which has been conveyed to the water evenly to
the surroundings.

www.dimplex.de

Heating and cooling registers

Finned tube registers are generally used to heat/cool air. They
consist of tubes (normally made of copper) equipped with fins
(normally made of aluminium) which aid heat transfer. The
heating or cooling medium flowing in the pipes can be e.g.
heating water, steam, cold water, brine or refrigerant.
A moisture eliminator is usually positioned downstream from the
cooling coils. It removes the water drops from the air which are
produced by cooling the air below the dew point.

Air conditioning
Air conditioning is the production of defined temperatures and
relative humidity values in a room. Depending on the weather
conditions, fresh air must usually be heated, cooled, humidified
or dehumidified accordingly.

Condensation
There are two types of condensation:
a)

Water separation from the air on surrounding cold surfaces

b)

Liquification of the refrigerant in the cold generation process

In both cases, a vaporous substance is cooled to such an extent

that it changes either totally or partially into a liquid state.

Cooled/heated ceilings
Suspended false ceilings are usually installed as ceiling
panelling in commercial buildings such as offices, conference
rooms, department stores and show rooms, as well as in utility
rooms in hospitals, etc. Cooled/heated ceilings are usually used
in such situations. Cooled ceilings function according to the silent
cooling principle, i.e. the dew point must not be undershot.
These systems can be used for cooling or heating depending on
the selected water temperature. Ceiling systems also fulfil
additional aesthetic, acoustic and lighting functions in the room.
The surface temperature of the cooled ceiling is lowered to a few
degrees under the room temperature using water. However, it
always remains above the dew point.
Because most heat sources transfer heat primarily by radiation
and operate without forced convection, the physical operating
principle of cooled ceilings is the most convenient solution for
rooms used purely as offices.
However, cooled ceilings have limitations in comparison to fan
convectors for dissipating larger internal heat loads and high
humidity because of their limited maximum cooling capacity.

93

11.1

Latent heat

Air conditioning for industrial processes

Latent heat is the humidity content (absolute) of the difference in

heat content between the fresh air and exhaust air volume flows.

Conditions governed by production processes which are

specifically defined and which deviate from normal comfort
standards. Depending on the type of process, strict requirements
may sometimes be set for the adherence to specified
temperature and humidity values or for minimising the dust
concentration, e.g. in clean rooms for chip production.

Humidity
The humidity content is defined in combination with the air
temperature as relative humidity. The standard measurement is
taken 1.50 m above the floor in one of the rooms. The normal
relative humidity tolerance is +/- 5 %. Relative humidity values
may fluctuate periodically throughout the year. Higher values are
permitted in the summer months and lower values in the winter
months (energy savings). For the room climate to remain
comfortable, the highest permissible relative humidity based on
+ 23 C room temperature is 65 %, and based on + 26 C is
55 %. We normally recommend a maximum relative humidity
value of 55 %.

Air temperature
The air temperature is significant in occupied rooms. It is
measured 1.50 m above the floor as standard. The permissible
tolerances are normally around +/- 0.5 K for high requirements,
and are otherwise around +/- 1.0 K.
Gliding temperature values for the indoor air based on the
external temperature are normally permitted during the year
(energy savings).
The comfortable range of temperatures varies depending on the
physical activity of the persons in the room. Temperatures of
+ 23 to 24 C are perceived as optimal for normal office work,
providing that the temperature of the enclosing surfaces is
approximately equal to the room temperature. This level of
comfort applies worldwide and is the same for warm and cool
regions.
From an external temperature of around + 26 C, the room
temperature perceived as comfortable rises on a sliding scale.

Natural ventilation

Room climate control station

To prevent the formation of condensate during silent cooling, the
flow temperature is regulated based on the dew point via a room
climate control station.

Room thermostats for heating/cooling

The room thermostats installed in rooms which are both heated
and cooled must be provided with a switch-over mechanism.
This controls the switching response so that a multiple signal is
transmitted if the temperatures rise during cooling operation.

Regulation
Mechanism for automatic maintenance of specified conditions. A
typical control circuit consists of a sensor, controller and valve
with actuator.
The sensor informs the controller of the actual value (e.g. the
temperature). The controller compares this with the setpoint and
opens or closes the control valve according to the deviation of
the actual value from the set point.

Relative humidity
Relative humidity is the vapour content of the air taking the
temperature into consideration.
The relative humidity value specifies which percentage of the
maximum possible air humidity the air actually contains.
Because warm air can contain more water vapour than cold air,
the relative humidity value drops when the air is heated and the
absolute humidity remains constant.

Natural ventilation using windows or light wells to exploit the

thermal effect.

HVAC system

Because the density of air varies depending on its temperature,

warm air rises and cold air sinks. Depending on its velocity and
direction, outdoor wind also plays a role in natural ventilation.

Sensitive heat

This method has the disadvantage that because of the naturally

wide fluctuation in temperatures and wind conditions, the
resulting volume flows vary extremely and can only be influenced
to a limited extent.

Surface temperature
The surface temperature of walls, ceilings, floors and windows
considerably influences the perception of comfort. It should be
taken into account when selecting the set air temperature.
Surface temperatures which are approximately equal to the room
temperature are optimal.

Passive cooling
In the summer, the ground and the ground water are significantly
colder at greater depths than the ambient temperature. A plate
heat exchanger installed in the ground water or brine circuit of a
heat pump for heating purposes transfers the refrigerating
capacity to the heating and cooling circuit.

94

Abbreviation for air-conditioning system.

Sensitive heat is the difference in heat content due to the

temperature difference between the fresh air and exhaust air
volume flows.
This description is not true in a literal sense because latent heat
is also perceived 'tangibly'.

Silent cooling
Cooling using panel heating systems with refrigerant
temperatures above the dew point to prevent the formation of
moisture

Radiation
Radiation characterizes the transporting of energy from warm to
cold surfaces without convection, i.e. without appreciable heating
of the interlaying air layers.

Dew point
The dew point is the temperature to which a packet of air must be
cooled in order to produce condensation (water separation from
the air ). There is a relative humidity of 100 % at the dew point.
The dew point can, for example, be calculated from the relative
humidity and temperature. The cooling water temperature is
normally above the dew point for silent cooling and below the
dew point for dynamic cooling.

Appendix

11.2

Dew point monitor

Heat consumption

Signal transmitter that interrupts cooling operation in the system

if condensation forms at vulnerable points in the cooling
distribution system.

The heat consumption is calculated according to DIN 4701. It

consists of both the transmission heat consumption as well as
the ventilation heat consumption.

Temperature stabilisation
Temperature stabilisation characterises the maintenance of
temperatures by regulated heating and/or cooling.

Volume flow
Volume flow denotes the air flow rate or ventilation output in air
conditioning systems.

The heat consumption indicates what heat output is required to

maintain the room/building at a defined minimum temperature for
defined air exchanges.

Heat content of the air

The heat content of the air is denoted by the temperature and the
humidity content and is also technically defined as enthalpy in kJ/
kg.

11.2 Important Standards and Regulations

VDI 2078: 1996-07

DIN V 4701-10: 2001-02

Calculation of the cooling load in air-conditioned rooms

(VDI cooling load regulations)

Energy efficiency of heating and ventilation systems in buildings

- Part 10: Heating, domestic hot water supply, ventilation

E VDI 2078 Part 1: 2002-01

DIN 4710: 2003-01

Cooling load calculation of air-conditioned buildings with room

cooling from cooled walls and ceilings

Statistics on German meteorological data for calculating the

energy requirements for heating and air conditioning equipment

www.dimplex.de

95

11.3

11.3 Estimated Calculation of the Cooling Load for Individual Rooms

According to the HEA Method
Estimated Calculation of Cooling Load for Individual Rooms
(HEA short method based on VDI 2078, Cooling Load Regulations)
Pos Appendix:
0

Length
[m]

Room

Width
[m]

Height
[m]

Area
m

Volume
m

External cooling load

1

Solar radiation through windows and outer

doors

Unprotected

Building shell dimensions

Orientation

Width
m

Height
m

Single
glazed
W/m

Surface area
m

Double
glazed
W/m

Cooling load Cooling load

Reduction factors
Blind system
Thermal
glazed
W/m

65

60

35

NE

80

70

40

310

280

155

SU

270

240

135

350

300

165

SW

310

280

155

320

290

160

NW

250

240

135

Skylights

500

380

220

Safety glass
internal blinds

Awning

Exterior
blinds

x 0.7

x 0.3

x 0.15

windows/
outer doors
Watt

SUM windows / outer doors 1)

2

Walls (without windows and door openings)

Height
between
Width
Deduction
m
floors
m
m
Ouside

W/m

Watt

10

Inside

10
SUM walls

Floor to rooms without air-conditioning

Length

Width

W/m

Watt

10
SUM floors
4

Ceiling

Flat roof
Length

Width

Steep roof / ceiling

Noninsulated
W/m

Insulated
W/m

Noninsulated
W/m

Insulated
W/m

Room w/o
airconditioning
W/m

60

30

50

25

10

Watt

SUM ceiling

Internal cooling load

5

Lighting

Sum connected load [Watt]

Electrical devices

SUM lighting
Quantity
Computer

Watt / device

Watt

150

Terminals

75

Printer

50

SUM electrical device

7

Persons (total)
Quantity

Watt / Pers.

Watt

115
SUM persons
8

Outside air
m / h
Manufacturer information

W/m

Watt

10
SUM outside air

1)

Use only the maximum value for different points of the compass,
add both values for adjacent points of the compass

SUM TOTAL COOLING LOAD :

Basis:
The values specified are calculated on the basis of the VDI 2078 cooling load regulations.
The calculation is based on a room temperature of 27 C, an external air temperature of 32 C and a cooler
operated continuously.

96

overall
Watt

Appendix

NOTE
An online calculator for calculating the cooling load of individual rooms
is available at www.dimplex.de/online-planer/kuehllastrechner.

Basic Principles / Explanation:

This calculation method takes both the previously mentioned
factors and the storage capacity of the room into account. The
principle is based on the figures of the VDI cooling load
regulations in VDI 2078.

11.3

Item 7:
The number of persons should be multiplied by the specified
value. In compliance with VDI 2078, the following assumptions
were made for the heat transfer of the human body (body heat):
Activity: Physically non-active to light work, standing, degree of
activity I to II according to DIN 1946 Part 2, room temperature
26 C.

Item 8:

The basis of the calculation is a room temperature of 27 C, an

external temperature of 32 C and continuous operation of the
cooler.

The ratio of outside air as specified by the manufacturer should

be used. The calculation is based on the volume flow of outside
air only being cooled by 5 K.

Item 0:

Total cooling load:

Type of room, unobstructed internal dimensions, floor area and

room contents.

The total of the individual cooling loads from items 1 to 8.

Item 1:

To attain an internal temperature of approx. 5 K under the

specified external air temperature, the sensitive cooling capacity
QK must be equal to or larger than the calculated cooling load.
The number of air exchanges is equal to the fresh air volume flow
of the device in m/h divided by the room volume in item 0.
Figures above 10 are only justifiable for very carefully and
expertly planned air circuits. Otherwise, irritating draughts are
likely to occur.

The window surfaces should be divided between the four points

of the compass and multiplied by the corresponding values. The
dimensions of the wall opening (building shell dimensions)
should be used for calculating the window area. When
calculating the cooling load, the compass point (direction) should
be used which results in the maximum value. If different types of
windows are installed at one point of the compass (direction),
several values must then be added accordingly.
Where windows are at two directly-neighbouring compass
points, for example SW and W, the total of both values should be
used.
The factors should be multiplied by 10 % for undivided window
panes larger than 2 m.
Horizontal skylights should also be taken into consideration (see
note about skylights!).
If blind systems are fitted, the specified reduction factors should
be used.

Item 2:
Heat flow through walls (cooling load through walls). To simplify
the calculation method, fixed values have been set according to
the current thermal standards based on VDI 2078. Because the
cooling load is not influenced decisively by the walls, these
values can also be used for existing older buildings.

Item 3:
If the room below or the neighbouring room is not air conditioned
or cooled, a corresponding value should be used.

Item 4:

Selected air conditioner:

Glossary:
The cooling load is the sum of all acting convective heat flows
which must be discharged if the desired air temperature in a
room is to be maintained.
The sensitive cooling load is the heat flow which must be
discharged from the room to maintain a desired air temperature
with a constant humidity content. It is equal to the sum of the
calculated convection heat flows.
The latent cooling load is the heat flow required to condense a
mass flow of steam at air temperature, so that the desired
humidity content in the room can be maintained at a constant air
temperature.
The cooling capacity of the device is the total of the sensitive
and latent cooling capacity or refrigerating capacity generated by
the cooler. The sensitive cooling capacity of the device is the
cooling capacity which it must generate to cool the air without
forming condensation.
The latent cooling capacity is the cooling capacity which the
device must generate to remove a proportion of the water vapour
contained in the humid air by condensing. The evaporation heat
contained in the water vapour is supplied by the device in the
form of cooling energy for condensation.

The ceiling surface (roof) minus any sky lights should be

multiplied by the applicable values.

Item 5:
Because only a part of the lamps' connected load is converted
into light, the total connected load should be regarded as heat. If
the ballast for discharge lamps is in the room to be cooled, this
should also be taken into consideration with its corresponding
output.

Item 6:
Besides the the previously specified values, the connected loads
of additional heat-dissipating devices which are operated during
the period of maximum solar radiation should also be taken into
consideration, e.g. televisions, lamps and other electric devices.

www.dimplex.de

97

11.4

11.4 Minimum Requirements for Hot Water Cylinder / Circulating Pump

On the basis of the integration set-ups recommended in this manual and standard boundary conditions.

Air-to-water heat pumps

Indoor installation - 230V
Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order code

Loading pump M18

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 60

Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order code

Loading pump M18

LI 11TER+

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 60

LI 16TER+

400 l

4.2 m

WWSP 880 / WWSP 442E

UP 80

Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order code

Loading pump M18

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 60

Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order code

Loading pump M18

Heat pump
LIK 8MER / LI 11MER

Air-to-water heat pumps

Indoor installation
Heat pump

Air-to-water heat pumps

Outdoor installation - 230V
Heat pump
LA 11MSR

Air-to-water heat pumps

Outdoor installation
Heat pump
LA 11ASR

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 60

LA 16ASR

400 l

4.2 m

WWSP 880 / WWSP 442E

UP 80

Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order designation

Loading pump M18

Brine-to-water heat pump

Indoor installation - 230V
Heat pump
SI 5MER / SI 7MER / SI 9MER

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 60

SI 11MER

300 l

3.2 m

WWSP 332

UP 80

Volume

Heat exchanger
area

Order code

Loading pump M18

UP 32-70

Brine-to-water heat pump

Indoor installation
Heat pump
SI 30TER+ 1

400 l

4.2 m

WWSP 880

SI 75TER+ 1

2 x 500 l

8.4 m

2 x WWSP 880

6.5 m/h

SI 75ZSR

2 x 500 l

8.4 m

2 x WWSP 880

11.5 m/h

1. Domestic hot water preparation is carried out using the additional heat exchanger with a maximum of 1 compressor.

The table shows which Hot watercirculating pumps and cylinders

should be allocated to each type of heat pump in order to obtain
a hot water temperature of approx. 45 C in operation with 1
compressor (maximum temperature of the heat source: Air
25 C, brine 20 C, water 10 C).
The maximum hot water temperature which can be attained with
heat-pump-only operation is dependent on:
The heat output of the heat pump
The heat exchanger surface area in the cylinder
The volume flow in relation to the pressure drop and the
capacity of the circulating pump.

98

NOTE
Higher temperatures can be reached by implementing larger heat
exchanger areas in the cylinder, by increasing the volume flow or by
targeted reheating using a heating element (see also Chapter 6.1.3 in the
Project Planning Manual, Heating).

Appendix

11.5

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99

11.5

100