A PROJECT REPORT

ON
A Study on the factors required to enhance the
scope of
Wi-Fi and 4G LTE coverage for Reliance JIO

For

Reliance Jio
By
M.VinayKumar
ESCI/PGDM-GEN/14/419
Under The Guidance of
Mr.Balivadha Sridhar
In partial fulfillment of
POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT

ENGINEERING STAFF COLLEGE OF INDIA

HYDERABAD
(2014 2016)

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that project entitled A Study on the factors required to enhance the scope of WiFi and 4G LTE coverage for Reliance JIO is bonafide work duly completed by me. It does not
contain any part of the project or thesis submitted by any other candidate to this or any other institute
of the university.
All such materials that have been obtained from other sources have been duly acknowledged.

M.VinayKumar
ESCI/PGDM-GEN/14/419

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project Report titled A Study on the factors required to enhance the
scope of Wi-Fi and 4G LTE coverage for Reliance JIO submitted by in partial fulfilment of Post
Graduate Diploma in Management at Engineering Staff College of India, Hyderabad is a record
of bonafide work carried out by him under my guidance and supervision.

Mr.BalivadhaSridhar
Manager Reliance Jio

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authorship of a monograph is usually attributed to one person but a report on the internship or a
project work like this is a joint affair. I am indebted to all those who have directly and indirectly in
this endeavor.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Sarath, Academic DirectorISTTM

Business School, - Hyderabad for his continuous and deliberate discussion on the topic
andindeterminable burden taken by him in helping me during the project.

I would like to express my profound and heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Balivadha Sridhar(Kawadiguda
JIO Center Manager, Reliance JIO Infocomm Ltd.) who inspired me and guided me throughout the
period of Project Work that enabled me to successful completion the Market research project on A
Study on the factors required to enhance the scope of Wi-Fi and 4G LTE coverage for Reliance
JIOSpecial regard and greatest appreciation is reserved for Marketing team of Reliance JIO
Infocomm Ltd., whose honest feedback, ideas and thoughts helped me navigate through the most
difficult phases of the project work.

Last, but not least I am thankful to my parents and friends who supported me throughout the Summer
Internship Programme. This project would not have been possible without their blessings.

Mr. Vinaykumar
ESCI/PGDM-GEN/14/419

TABLE OF CONTENT

INDEX
S.NO

CONTENT

Summary

Introduction

PAGE NO

01
02-04

Organization Introduction

05-13

Review Of Literature

14-24

Objectives Of The Study

Research Methodology

26-27

Data Analysis and their Interpretations

28-47

Findings

48

Conclusion

49

10

Bibliography

50

11

Questionnaire

51

1.

25

SUMMARY

This project titled A Study And Identify The Factors Required To Enhance
The Scope Of Wi-Fi And 4G LTE Coverage For Reliance JIO is being
conducted to identify factors and provide revolutionary 4G LTE coverage and
high speed Wi-Fi services of Reliance JIO at all parts of Hyderabad city.
RJIL has successfully demonstrated legal interception and monitoring rules
compliance of its 4G network for high speed wireless internet, phone calls,
video and messaging service across country.
To identify all the below buildings in work scope area and establish contacts
with the building owner/association and explain them the benefits of high
speed internet and 4G connectivity.
All G+5 (ground floor +five floors) and above buildings
Shopping malls
Hospitals
Hotels
Multiplex
To capture all the details of the building. The variables are involved in this
project
1. Area
2. Address
3. Building Name
4. Number of Floors
5. Type (commercial, residential, both, Hotel, Hospital)
6. Latitude &Longitude {By using Smart phone app}
7. Number of Home passes
The Research methodology is exploratory with a sample size of 704. Data was
collected through survey. The data was analyzed by performing chi-square
analysis. Excel, SPSS were used as statistical computing software.
Findings:

Number of home passes depends on using internet

Number of floors depends on using internet.
2. INTRODUCTION
Industry Introduction:

India's telecommunication network is the second largest in the world based on

the total number of telephone users (both fixed and mobile phone). It has one
of the lowest call tariffs in the world enabled by the mega telephone networks
and hyper competition among them. It has the world's third largest Internet
user base. According to the Internet And Mobile Association of India
(IAMAI), the Internet user base in the country stood at 190 million at the end
of June, 2013.
Major sectors of the Indian telecommunication industry are telephony, internet
and television broadcast Industry in the country which is in an ongoing
process of transforming into next generation network, employs an extensive
system of modern network elements such as digital telephone exchanges,
mobile switching Centres, media gateways and signaling gateways at the
core, interconnected by a wide variety of transmission systems using fiber
optics or Microwave radio relay networks. The access network, which
connects the subscriber to the core, is highly diversified with different copper
pair, optic fiber and wireless technologies. DTH, a relatively new broadcasting
technology has attained significant popularity in the Television segment. The
introduction of private FM has given a fillip to the radio broadcasting in India.
Telecommunication in India has greatly been supported by the INSAT system
of the country, one of the largest domestic satellite systems in the world. India
possesses a diversified communications system, which links all parts of the
country by telephone, Internet, radio, television and satellite. Indian telecom
industry underwent a high pace of market liberalization and growth since the
1990s and now has become the world's most competitive and one of the fastest
growing telecom markets. The Industry has grown over twenty times in just
ten years, from under 37 million subscribers in the year 2001 to over 1,002
million subscribers in the year 2015
Communications in India
Revenue (Total)

USD 33,350 million

Total telephone subscribers

1,002.05 million (May 2015)

Mobile subscribers

975.78 million (May 2015)

Fixed line subscribers

26.27 million (May 2015)

Monthly telephone additions (Net) (May 2015) 2.34 million

Teledensity

79.67% (May 2015)

Rural Teledensity

48.60% (May 2015)

Internet users

278 million (October 2014)

Internet penetration

Dec 2014 20.01%

Broadband internet users

104.96 million (May 2015)

Internet Service Providers

161 (May 2013)

country code

.in

Broadcasting:
Television channels

813 (September 2014)

Radio stations

247 (March 2012)

Sectors in India Telecommunication:

Major sectors of telecommunication industry in India are telephony, internet,
Data centers and broadcasting.
Telephony:
The telephony segment is dominated by private sector and two state run
Businesses. Most companies were formed by a recent revolution and
restructuring

launched

within

decade,

directed

by

Ministry

of

Communications and IT, Department of Telecommunications and Minister of

Finance. Since then, most companies gained 2G, 3G and 4G licenses and
engaged fixed line, mobile and internet business in India. On landlines,
intracircle calls are considered local calls while intercircle are considered long
distance calls. Foreign Direct Investment policy which increased the foreign
ownership cap from 49% to 74%.Now it is 100%. The Government is working
to integrate the whole country in one telecom circle. For long distance calls,
the area code prefixed with a zero is dialed first which is then followed by the
number (i.e., to call Delhi, 011 would be dialed first followed by the phone
number). For international calls, "00" must be dialed first followed by the
country code, area code and local phone number. The country code for India is
91. Several international fiber optic links include those to Japan, South Korea,
Hong Kong, Russia, and Germany. Some major telecom operators in India

include

Airtel,

Vodafone,

Idea,

Aircel,

BSNL,

MTNL,

Reliance

Communications, TATA Teleservices, Infotel, MTS, Uninor, TATA DoCoMo,

Videocon, Augere, Tikona
Wireless Internet:
2nd Generation Internet is the most prevalent in India in the Past Decade.
Wireless ISPs in India use both CDMA and Edge technologies for 2G.
India's wireless Internet frequencies are
2G: GSM 900 MHz, GSM 1800 MHz
3G: UMTS 2100 MHz
4G: TDLTE 2300 MHz, FDLTE 1800 MHz
Data centres:
BSNL Internet Data Centers, in collaboration with Dimension Data
Trimax IT Infrastructure & Services Limited Tier
III data centers in Mumbai and Bengaluru [56]
Airlive Broadband
Sify Technologies Limited
CtrlS Datacenters Ltd
Tata Communications Limited
Netmagic Solutions
Reliance Datacenter
Web Werks IDC
Net4 Datacenter
Broadcasting:
Television broadcasting began in India in 1959 by Doordarshan, a state run
medium of communication, and had slow expansion for more than two
decades.[57] The policy reforms of the government in the 1990s attracted
private initiatives in this sector, and since then, satellite television has
increasingly shaped popular culture and Indian society. However, still, only
the government owned Doordarshan has the license for terrestrial television
broadcast. Private companies reach the public using satellite channels both

cable television as well as DTH has obtained a wide subscriber base in India.
In 2012, India had about 148 million TV homes of which 126 million has
access to cable and satellite services.

3. Organization Introduction
Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited (commonly called RJIL) is an Indian Internet
access (commonly called broadband) and telecommunications company
headquartered in Mumbai, India. RJIL is a subsidiary of Reliance Industries
Limited (RIL), Indias largest private sector company, is the first telecom
operator to hold pan India Unified License. This license authorizes RJIL to
provide all telecommunication services except Global Mobile Personal
Communication by Satellite. Company holds Universal Service License and is
the only pan India operator with Broadband Wireless Access (BWA)
spectrum for commercial Long-Term Evolution (LTE) services across 22
circles capable of offering fourth generation (4G) LTE wireless services across
India. Reliance Jio is setting up a pan India telecom infrastructure to provide
fourth generation 4G LTE TDD high speed wireless internet and mobile
communication services which may be launched by June 2015. The company
is in process to set-up the 4G LTE infrastructure which will also be an enabler
for a portfolio of rich multi-media digital services including education, healthcare, entertainment, payment and cloud services for millions of individuals,
homes and businesses across India.
RJIL holds spectrum in 1800 MHz (across 14 circles) and 2300 MHz (across
22 circles) capable of offering fourth generation (4G) wireless services. RJIL
plans to provide seamless 4G services using FDD-LTE on 1800 MHz and
TDD-LTE on 2300 MHz through an integrated ecosystem.
RJIL is setting up a pan India telecom network to provide to the highly
underserviced India market, reliable (4th generation) high speed internet
connectivity, rich communication services and various digital services on pan
India basis in key domains such as education, healthcare, security, financial
services, government citizen interfaces and entertainment. RJIL aims to

10

provide anytime, anywhere access to innovative and empowering digital

content, applications and services, thereby propelling India into global
leadership in digital economy.
RJIL is also deploying an enhanced packet core network to create futuristic
high capacity infrastructure to handle huge demand for data and voice. In
addition to high speed data, the 4G network will provide voice services from /
to non-RJIL networks.
Reliance Jio is part of the Bay Of Bengal Gateway Cable System, planned to
provide connectivity between South East Asia, South Asia and the Middle
East, and also to Europe, Africa and to the Far East Asia through
interconnections with other existing and newly built cable systems landing in
India, the Middle East and Far East Asia.
RJILs subsidiary has been awarded with a Facility Based Operator License
(FBO License) in Singapore which will allow it to buy, operate and sell
undersea and/or terrestrial fibre connectivity, setup its internet point of
presence, offer internet transit and peering services as well as data and voice
roaming services in Singapore.
RJIL has finalized key agreements with its technology partners, service
providers, infrastructure providers, application partners, device manufacturers
and other strategic partners for the project. These strategic partners have
committed significant resources, know-how and global talent to support
planning, deployment and testing activities currently underway.
Agreements:

An agreement with Ascend Telecom for their more than 4,500 towers
across India. (June 2014)
An agreement with Tower Vision for their 8,400 towers across India.
(May 2014)
An agreement with ATC India for their 11,000 towers across India.
(April 2014)

11

 An agreement with Viom Networks for their 42,000 telecom towers.

(March 2014)
Agreement with Bharti Airtel for a comprehensive telecom
infrastructure sharing agreement to share infrastructure created by both
parties to avoid duplication of infrastructure wherever possible.
(December 2013)
A key agreement for international data connectivity with Bharti to
utilise dedicated fiber pair of Bhartis i2i submarine cable that connects
India and Singapore. (April 2013)
Agreements with Reliance Communications Limited for sharing of
RCOMs extensive inter-city and intra-city optic fiber infrastructure of
nearly 1,20,000 fiber-pair kilometers of optic fiber and 500,000 fiber
pair kilometers respectively (April 2013 / April 2014), and 45,000
towers (June 2013)

Acquisition & Subsidiaries:

Acquired Infotel Broadband Services Limited in 2010.

Technology - Rancore Technologies
ILD & NLD - Infotel Telecom
Technology:

Reliance Jio Infocomm is currently laying OFC across the country to

offer Fiber to the home/premises (FTTH). This fiber backbone will
also help them to carry huge amount of data originated from their 4G
network as well as public Wi-Fi network.
Reliance Jio is deploying LTE-TDD technology for 2.3 GHz spectrum
band, acquired in 2010.

Reliance Jio will deploy LTE-FDD for 1.8 GHz spectrum, which will
ultimately paved to roll out of LTE-A network aggregation of both
technology and both spectrum band.
At present in different cities of India Reliance Jio offers Wi-Fi
services. Most of these cities are in Gujarat, where Reliance Industries
also have one of the largest petro-refinery.

12

 Once commercially launched, Jio users can have access to Reliance

Communications 2G & 3G network.

INDIA
Bharti Airtel launched India's first 4G service, using TD-LTE
technology, in Kolkata on 10 April 2012.[73] On June 2013 prior to the
official launch in Kolkata, a group consisting of China Mobile, Bharti Airtel
and Soft Bank Mobile came together, called Global TD-LTE Initiative (GTI)
in Barcelona, Spain and they signed the commitment towards TD-LTE
standards for the Asian region. It must be noted that Bharti Airtel's 4G network
does not support mainstream 4G phones such as Samsung Galaxy Note 3,
Samsung Galaxy S4 and others.

Bharti Airtel 4G services are available in Kolkata, Bangalore, Pune,

Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and Chandigarh region (The Tricity or
Chandigarh region consists of a major city Chandigarh, Mohali and
Panchkula). Since May 2015, Airtel had also partnered with Samsung
India to introduce 4G services in Chennai, on a trial basis.

RIL is launching 4G services through its subsidiary, Jio Infocomm.

RIL 4G services are currently available only in Jamnagar, where it is
testing the new TD-LTE technology. Reliance's 4G rollout is planned
to start in Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata and expand to cover 700 cities,
including 100 high-priority markets in 2015.

Bharti Airtel launched 4G on mobiles in Bangalore, thus becoming the

first in India to offer such a service on 14th Feb, 2014
Bharti Airtel in July 2014, expanded 4G services to many cities in
Punjab like Amritsar, Patiala, Hoshiarpur, Ajitgarh, Ludhiana,
Jalandhar, Phagwara and Kapurthala Until July 2014, Customers in
these cities access 4G services through dongles and Wi-Fi modems on
Apple iPhone 5S and 5C, XOLO LT 900 and LG G2 (model D802T).
Aircel in July 2014, launched 4G in four circles Andhra Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar and Odisha.
India uses 2.3 GHz frequency

13

Tikona Digital Networks holds broadband wireless access spectrum in the

2300 MHz band and is waiting for the appropriate time and maturity of the 4G
ecosystem before making a foray into the space. Tikona holds 4G spectrum
licenses in five circles in northwest India, covering Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar
Pradesh (East and West) and Himachal Pradesh.
Introduction of Goods & services:
The fourth generation of wireless standards for cellular systems is 4G, the
planned

successor

to

the

3G

standard.

The

ITU

(International

Telecommunications Union) has specified that the peak speed requirements

for the 4G standard are to be 100Mbps for a mobile connection (such as in a
car) and 1Gbps for stationary connections (such as sitting at a computer). 4G
services that meet these requirements are not publically available yet (as of
June 2011) but telecommunications providers are looking to upgrade their
infrastructure to cater for 4G services in the not too distant future. The 4G
service is set to offer a fast and secure all-IP, roaming mobile broadband
solution to devices such as laptops with wireless 4G modems, 4G smartphone
mobile phones and other 4G mobile devices that require internet access with
speed intensive facilities being made available, including on-demand HD
television, IP telephony, on-demand gaming and, of course, high speed
internet access.
Currently marketed technologies such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and
WiMAX have been around for a few years and are being marketed as 4G
whilst not meeting the requirements set by the ITU. It was recently announced
that these services could continue to be marketed as 4G as they are precursors
to the IMT Advanced, 4G standard whilst also operating on the same basis of
technology; however, these should really be considered as "Pre-4G" or "3.9G"
as they technically do not offer the required data rates of (stationary) 1Gbps.
The ITU has recognized two standards that are planned to meet the 4G IMTAdvanced requirements put forward by the two groups, 3GPP and IEEE.
These are the LTE Advanced and Wireless MAN-Advanced (WiMAXAdvanced) standards and will almost certainly abandon the old spread system
technology found in 3G systems for OFDMA and other equalization schemes,

14

use MIMO technology, channel-dependent scheduling and dynamic channel

allocation... all technologies that are being found on new, modern wireless
networking equipment.
Applications:
The use of the 4G service will be very similar to that of the 3G service whilst
offering much higher data transfer rates and therefore allowing either more
speed intensive applications or more users to experience good speeds whilst
only connected through 1 carrier. Applications could include:

4G Ultra high speed internet access - E-mail or general web browsing

is available.
4G Data intensive interactive user services - Services such as online
satellite mapping will load instantly.
4G Multiple User Video conferencing - subscribers can see as well as
talk to more than one person.
4G Location-based services - a provider sends wide spread, real time
weather or traffic conditions to the computer or phone, or allows the
subscriber to find and view nearby businesses or friends whilst
communicating with them.
4G Tele-medicine - a medical provider monitors or provides advice to
the potentially isolated subscriber whilst also streaming to them related
videos and guides.
4G HDTV - a provider redirects a high definition TV channel directly
to the subscriber where it can be watched.
4G High Definition Video on demand - a provider sends a movie to the
subscriber.
4G Video games on demand - a provider sends game data directly to
the subscriber where they can play in real time.
The other main application that 4G could make available that 3G in general
did not, or could not, is the capability to be used as a main internet access
point within homes or businesses whilst catering for multiple connections at
high speeds. If the 1Gbps rate is available within these areas, the speeds would
be many times more than those that are currently publicly available and this

15

application could be very useful for creating 4G wireless networks that can be
located in rural areas with no access to the high speed, cabled, broadband grid.
Performance:
The IMT-Advanced Standard (4G) requires the following specifications to be
met:

It must be based upon an all-IP packet switched network

Peak data rates must be up to 100Mbps in high mobility situations and
up to 1Gbps for low mobility/stationary applications
Network resources should be utilized and dynamically shared to
support more users on same connection
Channel bandwidth should be scalable between 5, 20 and up to 40MHz
Spectral efficiency should be no less than 15bit/s/Hz and 6.75bit/s/Hz
for outdoor downlink and uplink usage respectively
Spectral efficiency should be no less than 3bit/s/Hz and 2.25bit/s/Hz
for indoor downlink and uplink usage respectively
Connection transitions across heterogeneous networks should be
smooth
A high quality of service must be available to allow the next generation
of multimedia support on mobile devices.

Difference between 3G and 4G:

To begin with, 3G or 2G technologies were designed keeping voice and data in
mind, while 4G has been designed keeping data as the main element. To put it
in context, if you are downloading a full length Hindi movie (on an average
500 MB) on 2G, you will have to wait for more than five hours, while on 3G
networks you will need to spend around 25-30 minutes (if the download speed
is 2Mbps). 4G can cut down this time to five minutes (at a download speed of
10Mbps).
Various kinds of 4G technologies:
There are two - LTE (Long Term Evolution) and Wi-Max (Worldwide
Interoperability for Microwave Access), which can theoretically offer wireless

16

broadband access at speeds of up to 100 Mbps, though the actual speeds will
be around 10 Mbps.
Data speeds of LTE Advanced
Peak download 1 Gbit/s
Peak upload 500 Mbit/s

4G Deployments:
BT is planning to launch a trial of 4G LTE technology in the rural areas near
New quay soon and is hopeful to roll out the 4G LTE service by 2014. O2 are
planning to use Slough as a testing ground and has planned with Huawei to
install 4G LTE technology in six masts across the area to allow users to
communicate via HD video conferencing and play high end video games
whilst being mobile.
Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani committed an investment of
Rs. 250,000 crores on "Digital India" and said he expected the group's
initiatives under it will create over 500,000 direct and indirect jobs. "I believe
Digital India will be a huge success because of the adoption of technology by
the youth of India," Ambani said at an event that saw Prime Minister Narendra
Modi launch the "Digital India" week to empower citizens by the use of IT
and its tools.
"Digital India as we have seen empowers them to fulfil their aspirations. We at
Reliance will invest over Rs. 2,50,000 crores across the Digital India pillars,"
he said, adding: "I estimate Reliance's 'Digital India' investments will create
employment for over 500,000 people." Ambani said the launch of Digital India
initiative was a momentous occasion in an information age where digitization
was changing the way one lives, learns, works and plays. It can transform the
lives of 1.2 billion Indians using the power of digital technology.
He said his group, under the Reliance Jio platform, will roll out an internet
protocol based wireless broadband infrastructure across all 29 states in India.
Reliance Jio will also set up a nationwide distribution network for 150,000

17

small vendors to sell and service devices. "This apart Jio is working with
leading device manufacturers, encouraging them to 'Make in India' smart
phones and internet devices at an affordable price. We will give them an
assured off take through our retail system."
Mukesh Ambanis Reliance Jio Infocomm gave us all a little tease of what is
to come with its 4G services at Techfest, an anual science & technology
festival held at the IIT-Bombay. The service will be 10-12x faster than 3G
networks. Heres what Reliance, the only company which holds a pan India
4G license, showed off

Jio Television: Set-top box running on Android. The service will have
live television (Jio Play) and Video on Demand (Jio World).
Jio Drive: 100 GB free storage to subscribers
Mi-Fi: The Companys customer premise equipment will connect to a
Reliance operated mobile tower and provide local Wi-Fi network.
Next Big What has learned that Reliance Jio 4G plans also include the launch
of a suite of services including
1. Music Streaming
2. Video Calling & VoIP Services
3. Instant Messenger
4. Payment Services: Reliance
Jio already has obtained a license to operate prepaid wallets for mobile
transactions (this need not necessarily be linked to the 4G launch). Reliance is
also launching its own mobile apps to enable many of these services.
According to Reliance, the 4G infrastructure will also support its portfolio of
multimedia digital services in education, health-care, entertainment, payment
and cloud services. With these launches, Reliance will not only be making its
much anticipated entry to 4G mobile services, it is also likely to corner a large
share of the media & entertainment marketin India. The idea is to capture the
living room of the consumer which is otherwise the undisputed territory of
cable television. Pan India 4G services on the Reliance network could also
give a leg-up to the digital economy in India. While the launch dates for the

18

companys big foray into 4G hasnt been announced, it could be as early as the
first half of this year.

4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The following is the literature review for this study. The content have been
taken from several sources.
Abhishek Kumar Singh and Malhar Pangrikar (2013) did a study titled A
Study Report, to Find out Market Potential for 4g Businesses in Pune. The
Report is all about Study of market potential for 4G business in pune and
also to know about the customer perceptions and attitudes towards their
current service provider. Satisfaction level of the customers was also judged.
The customer expectations were analyzed thoroughly. Major factors

19

considered in research are: what are the needs of the companies based on the
data services usage, major player in internet services, and support to
customers. The research was conducted on companies mainly from Industries
like IT, Education, Manufacturing and others which are located in Pune city. It
is clear from the survey done that Reliance & Tata are Leading Internet service
Provider; they are providing products like Data Card, Broadband etc to the
corporate end users. Most of the companies are getting internet speed form
1MBPS-4MBPS. Most of the companies are having good perception about 4
G and are willing to switch to it from their current service provider. Speed of
4G is around than 30 to 35 MBPS, is going too boom the Market. Because
majority of the companies are facing Speed problem with their current ISP.
Purpose of the Study :
1. To study the market potential for 4G Business.
2. To find out the customer satisfaction level with their existing ISP.
3. To find out the Market share of Companies Using Different Operators
Internet services.
Research Methodology:
Type: Quantitative Research
Sample unit: Small and medium Enterprises
Sample size : 86 Companies
Sampling Method: Simple Random Sampling

Sources & Methods of Data Collection:

They have used two methods for data collection:-Primary Data:- Survey,
Questionnaire , Interview
Secondary Data:
Books, Internet
Conclusion: 4G revolution is started in Pune by Airtel. Drastic changes and
improvements from 3G Technology need to be a priority. But if done

20

intelligently and thoroughly, 4G holds enormous potential for Pune and can
really create a boom in the IT industry, key to the Indian economy. Hence the
evolution from 3G to 4G will be stimulated by services offering enhanced
quality, requires increased bandwidth, needs elevated sophistication of largescale information provisions and must have improved customization
capabilities to support user demands.
Mudit Ratana Bhalla and Anand Vardhan Bhalla (2010) did a study titled
Generations of Mobile Wireless Technology: A Survey.This paper will
throw light on the evolution and development of various generations of mobile
wireless technology along with their significance and advantages of one over
the other. In the past few decades, mobile wireless technologies have
experience 4 or 5 generations of technology revolution and evolution, namely
from 0G to 4G. Current research in mobile wireless technology concentrates
on advance implementation of 4G technology and 5G technology. Currently
5G term is not officially used. In 5G researches are being made on
development of World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc
Wireless Networks (DAWN) and Real Wireless World.
Gurpreet Saini (2009) did a study titled examining the 4g mobile standard
convergence

to the lte standardThis research study examines the

phenomenon of the decisive convergence to a single mobile communication

standard using a multi-level longitudinal case study of the LTE standard to
explore the context, process and content of change associated with all relevant
events and the stakeholders involved in them. The research produces a set of
constructs that can be used to describe the convergence to LTE as well as
applied to other similar phenomena in emerging information and
communications technology open standards.
The objective of this research is to answer the following research question and
produce insights:
What are the constructs that could be used to describe the convergence to the
LTE mobile communication standard?

21

The key contributions of the research are:

i) Validating a methodology that was previously used to study the adoption of
an open standard to involve the phenomenon of technology convergence
ii) Develop a set of constructs describing the evolution of LTE by taking into
account the convergence phenomena,
iii) Provide insights that are relevant to top management teams of firms willing
to engage in the development and adoption of emerging open standards in
order to align their competitive and product development strategies.
Subharthi Paul (2008)did a study titled Long Term Evolution (LTE) & UltraMobile Broadband (UMB) Technologies for Broadband Wireless Access
gives a brief study of Long Term Evolution (LTE) & Ultra-Mobile Broadband
(UMB) Technologies.The evolution of wireless telephone technologies can be
discretely grouped into various generations based on the level of maturity of
the underlying technology. The classification into generations is not
standardized on any given metrics or parameters and as such does not
represent a strict demarcation. However, it represents a perspective which is
commonly agreed upon, both by industry and academia, and hence conceived
to be an unwritten standard. At this time, there are two major efforts towards
the development of the next generation - "4G" wireless access technology. The
3GPP or 3rd Generation Partnership project (brand named as Long Term
Evolution) is the name of the 4G efforts being undertaken in Europe and the
3GPP2 or 3rd Generation Partnership project 2 (brand named as Ultra Mobile
Broadband) is the 4G effort of North America and parts of Asia. This survey
tries to present an evolutionary and objective sketch to the development efforts
of these technologies that mark the future of wide area broadband wireless
access technologies.
Irfan Ullah (2012) Did a study titledA study and analysis of Public WiFi.
The objective of this survey is to compare different technologies with WiFi in
terms of cost factor, bandwidth and performance factor, and technology
implementation factor The goal of this thesis is to analyze and compare
different wireless network technologies with as focus on availability, number
of nodes, total cost, end-user cost, vendor cost, range, reliability and security.

22

The goal is to compare Local Area Network Wi-Fi technology (IEEE 802.11
a/g) with mobile wireless technology like 3G, 4G and LTE.
Liwen Zhang (2010) did a study titled a survey on long term evolution Long
Term Evolution (LTE) is a significant project of 3rd Generation Partnership
Project (3GPP), initially proposed on the Toronto conference of 3GPP in 2004
and officially started as LTE work item in 2006. LTE, as a transition from the
3rd generation (3G) to the 4th generation (4G), has achieved great capacity
and high speed of mobile telephone networks without doubt. It defines a new
packet-only wideband radio with flat architecture and assumes a full Internet
Protocol (IP) network architecture in order to assure voice supported in packet
domain in design. In addition, it is combined with top-of-the-line radio
techniques in order to gain better performance than Code Division Multiple
Access (CDMA) approaches. LTE provides scalable carrier bandwidths from
1.4 MHz to 20 MHz and frequency division duplexing (FDD), as well as time
division duplexing (TDD). In this paper, it presents an overall description of
LTE technology separately in different aspects of LTE architecture and
technical principles to clarify how LTE as a radio technology achieves a high
performance for cellular mobile communication systems.
Victor Wolfe, William Frobe, Vineetha Shrinivasan, Tsung-Yen Hsieh (2014)
Did a study titled Feasibility Study of utilizing 4G LTE signals in
combination with unmanned aerial vehicles for the purpose of search and
rescue of avalanche victims.
This research report uses quantitative data and analysis to explore the
feasibility of using
Fourth Generation Long Term Evolution devices that are loaded with an
application as a device that can also help save an avalanche victims life.
During the research process we explored the idea of getting an Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle to the site of an avalanche quicker than the current search and
rescue process as long as the victims have a Fourth Generation Long Term
Evolution device plus the loaded app on them that is reporting their position.
Going into this project our research team did not know how well Fourth

23

Generation Long Term Evolution signals would propagate through snow. The
study of Fourth Generation Long Term Evolution signal propagation through
snow was our primary focus in this project in order to determine if it is even
feasible to use a smart phone as an avalanche rescue beacon.
Sumant Ku Mohapatra1 , BiswaRanjan Swain1 and Pravanjan Das (2015) did
a study titled Comprehensive Survey of possible security issues on 4G
networks gives a brief study of recent advances in wireless network security
issues. First, it studies the 4G mail threats and risk and their design decisions.
Second, the security of 4G architecture with next generation network security
and 8- security dimensions of 4G network. Third, security issues and possible
threats on 4G are discussed. Finally, proposed four layer security model
which manages to ensure more secure packets transmission by taking all the
necessary security measures.
Vishalakshi Prabhu , G.S.Nagaraja (2014) did a study titledA Survey on
Quality of Service Provision in 4G Wireless Networksgives a brief study of
Quality of Service (QoS), Internet Protocol (IP), heterogeneous network,
Cross Layer Design (CLD). Worldwide many mobile operators, industry
experts, and researchers have diverse visions of potential 4th generation (4G)
features and its implementations. 4G networks will be incorporating advanced
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) protocol and the signaling will be done
through Internet Protocol (IP). There are several key challenges in
implementing 4G heterogeneous network. Few of these problems are all IP
network, integration across different topologies, security and Quality of
Service (QoS). This paper gives a survey and classification of the important
QoS approaches proposed for 4G networks. Classification is based on the
work done in each protocol layer and Cross Layer Design (CLD) approach.
Finally, this paper presents outcomes of survey which includes significant
observations, limitations and idea of further research in improving QoS in 4G
networks.

24

Hamner M., did an Analysis which has been undertaken on the demand and
supply characteristics of the Indian telecommunications market, with the aim
of contributing to the debate on the effectiveness of universal access policies
in developing countries Also, the design, development and testing of a model
for use in evaluating the variety of issues that impact the telecommunications
sector and affect its sustainability in developing countries has been done. The
model developed considers the telecommunications sector to be a complex
system that can be described in terms of supply (eg infrastructure) and demand
(eg revenue per capita). To represent the telecommunications sector, the model
embodies the relationships and interactions between six major categories
including: political, competitive and regulatory, economic, social, sector
specific and technology.
According to Dahlman, BWA can logically be a mix of pre 4G technologies
such as mobile WiMax and the first release Long Term Evolution (LTE) which
have been in market since 2006 and 2009 respectively and often branded as
4G in marketing material, and 4G technologies. The current versions of the pre
4G technologies do not fulfill the IMT- Advanced requirement. IMTAdvanced compliant version of the above two standards are under
development and called LTE Advanced and WirelessMAN Advanced
respectively. ITU has decided that LTE Advanced technology based on
3GPP release 10 and WirelessMAN Advanced technology based on IEEE
802.16m should be accorded the official designation of IMT- Advanced. Both
LTE-Advanced

technology and

the

IEEE

WirelessMAN

-Advanced

technology make use of same key technologies viz. Orthogonal Frequency

Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)
and System Architecture Evolution (SAE).

Dodd, A.Z. did and analysis on the widespread adoption of GSM/CDMA as

2G technologies and WCDMA/UMTS/HSPA/CDMA 2000/EVDO for 3G
service. LTE has been defined as the next step in the technological roadmap.
LTE evolves from the Third-generation technology which is based on
WCDMA and defines the long term evolution of the 3GPP UMTS/HSPA

25

cellular technology. The specifications of these efforts are formally known as

the evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved UMTS
terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), commonly referred to by the
3GPP project LTE. It offers higher data rates, lower latency and greater
spectral efficiency than previous technologies. LTE supports high performance
mobile access functional upto 350Km/h with 500Km/h under consideration.
Peak data rates range from 100 to 326.4Mbps on the downlink and 50 to 86.4
Mbps on the uplink depending on the antenna configuration and 2 modulation
depth. LTE is compatible with HSPA, UMTS and GSM-based technologies
and hence offers a simple evolutionary path for all existing GSM and HSPA
operators. However, LTEs complementary core network also offers the ability
to support the handover of services between LTE and CDMA-2000 networks,
making it a compelling option as a next step for CDMA-2000/EV-DO
operators as well. LTE has been developed to offer both Frequency Division
Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes, enabling TDSCDMA networks to also make a smooth transition to TDD LTE. Indeed, a
combined FDD and TDD LTE deployment is expected to gain a broad
foothold in many markets.
Leite, J. comes from IEEE family of protocols and extends the wireless access
from the Local Area Network (typically based on the IEEE 802.11 standard) to
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) and Wide Area Networks (WAN). It uses
a new physical layer radio access technology called OFDMA (Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiple Access) for uplink and downlink. It provides
wireless transmission of data using a variety of transmission modes, from
point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile internet access.
According to the industry forum WiMax Forum, many technologies currently
available for fixed wireless access can only provide line of sight (LOS)
coverage, the technology behind WiMAX has been optimised to provide non
line of sight (NLOS) coverage as well. WiMAXs advanced technology can
cover distances of up to 50 kilometers under LOS conditions and typical cell
radii of up to 5 miles under NLOS conditions. The Mobile WiMAX uses an all
IP backbone with uplink and downlink peak data rate capabilities of up to 75
Mbps depending on the antenna configuration and modulation, practicable to

26

10 Mbps within a 6 miles (10 Km) radius. The earliest iterations of WiMAX
was approved with the TDMA TDD and FDD with line of sight (LOS)
propagation across the 10 to 66 GHz frequency range which was later
expanded to 4 include operation in the 2 to 11 GHz range with non line of
sight (NLOS) capability using the robust OFDMA PHY layer with subchannelization allowing dynamic allocation of time and frequency resources to
multiple users. The 802.16m (Mobile WiMAX Release 2) Task-force is
currently working on the next-generation systems with an aim for
optimizations for improved interworking and coexistence with other access
technologies such as 3G cellular systems, WiFi and Bluetooth and enhance the
peak rates to 4G standards set by the ITU under IMT-Advanced umbrella
which calls for data rates of 100 Mbps for high mobility and 1 Gbps for
fixed/nomadic wireless access.
Protiviti, 2009 The lackluster performance of the Broadband (BB) market,
primarily attributable to the technical and economic non feasibility of the fixed
line infrastructure in India, indicates that the solution for mass proliferation of
broadband in India has to be wireless. Recognising the strong correlation
between broadband proliferation and increased economic activity and
experience of the burgeoning wireless voice market, the Government had
announced its Broadband Policy (2004) and most recently the Broadband
Wireless Access (BWA) auctions in 2008 to accelerate BB adoption in India.
The industry and the country now wait with bated breath to see which wireless
technology will be adopted to provide a cost effective and scalable BB
solution to the Indian market, which is ripe with pent up demand for
broadband services. Adoption of any new wireless technology would hinge on
affordability, spectral efficiency (on account of scarcity of available spectrum
and its high cost), scalability, robustness, range of devices available, evolution
roadmap over the next 3~4 years and meeting the BWA policy requirements.
While one school of thought backs WiMAX WiMAX emerges as the
quintessential answer to these problems, given its superior performance and
lower costs as compared to the existing 3G technologies and futuristic Long
Term Evolution (LTE) equivalents. WiMAX was developed for high speed
wireless BB data access and is a 4G technology available today at 3G prices. It

27

presents an ideal choice to Telcos for providing high speed wireless BB at

affordable rates and for the government to meet its growth and social
objectives.
Ayvazian, B., 2010 did a study on the other backs LTE Long Term
Evolution (LTE) has entered the mobile market as 3G has achieved wide
deployment by mobile operators and subscriber adoption worldwide. Mobile
broadband traffic is exploding at 100 percent per year in many markets,
largely due to the growing popularity of 3G-enabled smart-phones, laptops,
and tablet computers. To address this growing demand for mobile broadband,
the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards body developed LTE
as the next logical technological step for over 4 billion mobile subscribers on
existing 3GPP and 3GPP2 networks. 7 On the one hand, LTE serves as the
evolutionary path from 3G to 4G, transforming the mobile industry by
supporting ultra-fast broadband, significantly improving the user experience,
substantially improving end-user throughputs, increasing sector capacity, and
reducing user plane latency. LTE is designed as a simple and flat, all-IP datacentric network architecture resulting in low operating costs for operators.
LTE has an extremely low latency between network elements and end-to-end
devices which is about 10 times lower than that of current 3G networks. LTE
leverages existing mature radio technologies while also taking advantage of
the fast moving semiconductor processing technologies that enables a low cost
deployment even from the very beginning.
Puckering, J., 2008; Scrase, A., 2009 ; Stuck, B., 2008 did a Research on
BWA Technology Roadmaps & Ecosystem Development, and its Operator
Business Case and Adoption Forecast exist, and will have to be rationally
evaluated /further research/studies undertaken. It is not only the Radio Access
Network (RAN) to be considered but also the backhaul. Mobile operators
worldwide are making serious financial commitments to deploy all-IP 4G
mobile broadband networks. The race to 4G is being driven by operator
competition to capture market share among the most advanced subscribers
with new smartphone devices and applications that drive mobile data traffic
growth. Operators are now deploying 4G mobile broadband networks and
services to handle this traffic growth, although the first release of mobile

28

WiMax, HSPA+ and, LTE are all considered by the ITU to be pre-4G
technologies.
Jain, R., 2010 did a study on the Technological developments in wireless and
the decreasing costs have created opportunities for faster deployment of
telecommunications services. This speed is critical for developing countries,
especially in rural areas, as the role of telecommunications in development is
more significant for them. The uptake of wireless technologies has been rapid
in most developing countries. For the most part, these have been cellular
networks that operate in the licensed bands. The Asian region has been one of
the fastest growing segments of the wireless market. Yet, a closer look at the
policy and regulatory regime points to a need for a review of existing
processes, institutions and instruments for more market-oriented outcomes for
allotment of spectrum

Narayana, M.R., 2011 did a research on the growth contributions of telecom

services by public and private sectors, socioeconomic determinants of demand
for telecom services need to be revisited, as , they have implications for
selective design of policies towards promotion of higher demand and
attainment of higher economic growth by fixed and mobile services in India.
Stacey, O., 2011 did a study on Network sharing has long occupied the minds
of operators and, while most mobile operators already engage in various forms
of sharing, much of this has focused on passive infrastructure sharing as
operators remain cautious over the perceived risks associated with active
infrastructure sharing. The significant capital and operating expenditure
(CAPEX and OPEX) savings and the benefits of a better network in terms of
coverage and capacity continue to appeal to many operators. But there are a
number of risks and challenges which operators need to manage and control in
order to successfully implement a sharing project.
Krishnakumar, R., 2010; Kumar, M., et al., 2012 did a study to facilitate
this the NTP 2012 intends to allow sharing of Networks and delink the
licensing of Networks from the delivery of Service to the end users to
facilitate faster roll 10 out of services across the country , enhance the quality

29

of service, optimize the investment and address the issue of the digital divide.
This will also facilitate increased competition in the telecom sector without
putting any entry barrier in setting up of networks by new operators and at the
same time allowing the existing operators to increase their network utilization
by sharing the network facilities. A major policy objective is to reposition the
mobile phone from a mere communication device to an instrument of
empowerment that combines communication with proof of identity, fully
secure financial and other transaction capability, multi-lingual services and a
whole range of other capabilities that ride on them and transcend the literacy
barrier. This could then be expected to lead to a rash of innovation and
entrepreneurship related to mobile value-added services (MVAS) services. The
goal in this area is to emerge as a global leader in MVAS services
Kamal, K., 2008did a research on the Concerns about Cyber Security in
general and security of telecom infrastructure in particular are escalating.
Current efforts in these areas need to be stepped up by several orders of
magnitude with appropriate arrangements for coordination across multiple
agencies involved if they are to be effective in meeting new and emerging
challenges The issues surrounding the management of wireless broadband
access (including WiMAX and LTE) networks would have to be examined.
The security, resilience and safety of these networks is of paramount
importance.

30

5. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To Study about the Buildings

To study the importance and development of the telecommunication
industry in the todays world.
To Study about the Buildings characteristics viz., residential,
commercial, or both.
To find the latitude and longitude of specific location.
To find the number of floors, number of home passes, number of
families using internet, number of different brands used.
To know and assess relationship between building types and internet
usage, internet services etc.

31

6. Research Methodology
Type:
Exploratory research

Method of Data Collection:

Field survey
Sampling procedure:
I have to select 5 floors and above buildings in my segmented area and
then based on my questioner I have collected my data.
Sampling type:
Cluster sampling
Sample size:

32

704 following is the description to sample size determination.

Pilot study was performed to know the sample size and it is calculated by
using the formula

Where
Z= Z value (e.g. 1.96 for 95% confidence level)
P=percentage picking a choice, expressed as decimal
C=confidence interval.
Sample size : 100.
Area:

Kawadiguda
Data:
Secondary and primary data used. Secondary is collected from certain
authenticated sources like: [1]&[2]. Primary data was collected from field
survey with a structure questionnaire. There are seven questions in the
questionnaire. All questions aimed to gather data related to type of the
building, number of home passes, GIS coordinates of the location, internet
usage, type of service.
Statistical tools:
Cross tabulation, chi-square test, Likelihood ratio, association
measures.
Tools used in Interpretation of the data:
SPSS (Software Package For Statistical Analysis), Excel.

33

7. DATA ANALYSIS
CHI SQUARE ANALYSIS:
What is chi-square analysis?
A chi-squared test, also referred to as

test (or chi-square test), is

any statistical hypothesis test in which the sampling distribution of the test
statistic is a chi-square distribution when the null hypothesis is true. Chisquared tests are often constructed from a sum of squared errors, or through
the sample variance. Test statistics that follow a chi-squared distribution arise
from an assumption of independent normally distributed data, which is valid in
many cases due to the central limit theorem. A chi-squared test can then be
used to reject the hypothesis that the data are independent.
Also considered a chi-square test is a test in which this is asymptotically true,
meaning that the sampling distribution (if the null hypothesis is true) can be
made to approximate a chi-square distribution as closely as desired by making
the sample size large enough. The chi-squared test is used to determine

34

whether there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and

the observed frequencies in one or more categories. Does the number of
individuals or objects that fall in each category differ significantly from the
number you would expect.
1. Using internet vs. Number of Home passes Cross tabulation
Count
Number of Home passes

Using Internet

Total

0 to 160

160 to 320

640 to 800

0 to 100

702

703

400 to 500

702

704

Total

Out of total 704 buildings surveyed, 702 buildings has home passes less than
160 in this category less than 100 home passes use internet. There is only one
building in which less than 100 home passes use internet, but in another
building it was observed that 400 to 500 home passes use internet.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

704.000a

.000

Likelihood Ratio

15.112

.001

Linear-by-Linear Association

661.619

.000

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation:
Since the p-value is less than 0.05 (i.e. 0.000< 0.05), the null
hypothesis is rejected. So, there is strong evidence for the alternative
hypothesis that the internet usage depends on number of home passes.
Finding: internet usage depends on number of home passes.
Symmetric Measures:

35

Value

Asymp. Std. Error Approx. T

Approx.
Sig.

Interval by Interval Pearson's R

.970

.040

105.944

.000c

Spearman
Correlation

.708

.250

26.533

.000c

Ordinal by Ordinal
N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation :
Since the Pearson correlation is 0.970 so, there is positive and strong relationship and p-value
is 0.000 < 0.05 that means increase or decrease in one variable significantly relate to increase
or decrease in second variable. There is relationship between number of home passes and
internet usage.

2. Building type vs. Using internet Cross tabulation:

36

Count
Using internet

Building type

Total

0 to 100

400 to 500

Commercial

132

132

Hospital

11

11

Hotel

Residential

495

496

Both

57

57

703

704

Total

Out of 704 Buildings, 495 Residential buildings are using Wi-Fi in the range of 0 to 100.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

Df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

.420a

.981

Likelihood Ratio

.701

.951

N of Valid Cases

704

Pearson

Chi-

Square

Interpretation :
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.981> 0.05), the null hypothesis is accepted. So,
there is no evidence that relationship between using Internet and building type

37

3. Building type vs. Using Diff. Internet Brands Cross tabulation:

Count
Using Diff. internet Brands

BUILDING
TYPE

Total

Total

Commercial

35

54

43

132

Hospital

11

Hotel

Residential

101

226

167

496

Both

25

23

57

153

313

236

704

38

Out of 704 building, 313 building are using 4 different brands, 236
Building are using 5 brands.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

10.870a

12

.540

Likelihood Ratio

10.922

12

.536

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation:
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.540> 0.05), the null hypothesis is accepted. So, there
is no evidence that relationship between using different Internet brands and building type.

4. Building type vs. Number of Floors Cross tabulation:

39

Count
Floors
5

Building type

10

Commercial 101

20

Hospital

Hotel

Residential

446

30

13

Both

49

608

60

23

Total

Out of 704 buildings, 608 building having 5 floors,60 buildings having

6floors, 23 building having 7floors.
Building type vs. Floors Cross tabulation:
Count
Total

BUILDING TYPE

Total

Commercial

132

Hospital

11

Hotel

Residential

496

Both

57
704

Out of 704 building, 496 buildings are residential, 132 buildings are
commercial, 57 buildings are both, 11 buildings are hospital and 8 buildings
are hotel

Chi-Square Tests:

40

Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

40.068a

20

.005

Likelihood Ratio

31.069

20

.054

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation:
Since the p-value is less than 0.05 (i.e. 0.000< 0.05), the null
hypothesis is rejected. So, there is strong evidence that there is relationship
between building type vs. number of floors.

41

5. Building type vs. Number of Home passes Cross tabulation:

Count
Number of Home passes

Building type

Total

0 to 160

160 to 320 640 to 800

Commercial

132

132

Hospital

11

11

Hotel

Residential

494

496

Both

57

57

702

704

Total

Out of 704 Buildings, 702 buildings having 0 to 160 home passes, 1

building having 160-320, 1 building having 640-800.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

.841a

.999

Likelihood Ratio

1.403

.994

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation:
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.999> 0.05), the null
hypothesis is accepted. So, there is no evidence that relationship between
using number of home passes and building type.

42

6. Floors vs. Number of Home passes Cross tabulation:

Count
Number of Home passes

Floors

Total

Total

0 to 160

160 320

640 to 800

608

608

60

60

22

23

10

702

704

Out of 704 Buildings, 608 buildings of 5 floors having 0 to 160 home passes,
60 buildings of 6 floors having 0 to 160 home passes, 1 building of 7 floors

43

having 640 to 800 home passes, 1 building of 9 floors having 160 to 320 home
passes.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

Df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

146.147a

10

.000

Likelihood Ratio

16.588

10

.084

Linear-by-Linear
Association

15.937

.000

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation1 :
Since the p-value is less than 0.00 (i.e. 0.000< 0.05), the null hypothesis is
rejected. So, there is strong evidence that relationship between number of home passes vs.
number of floors.

Symmetric Measures:
Value

Asymp. Std. Approx.

Errora
Tb

Approx.
Sig.

Interval
Interval

by

Pearson's R

.151

.053

4.035

.000c

Ordinal
Ordinal

by Spearman
Correlation

.149

.052

3.982

.000c

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation 2:
Since the Pearson correlation is 0.151 so, there is positive and strong
relationship and p-value is 0.000<0.05 that means increase or decrease in one
variable significantly relate to increase or decrease in second variable

44

7. Floors vs. Using WIFI Cross tabulation:

Count
Using Internet

Floors

Total

0 to 100

400 to 500

608

608

60

60

22

23

10

45

Total

703

704

Out of 704 buildings, 608 buildings of 5 floors by using internet 0 to

100, 1 building of 7 floors by using internet 400 to 500
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

29.651a

.000

Likelihood Ratio

6.885

.229

Linear-by-Linear Association

7.220

.007

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation 1:
Since the p-value is less than 0.00 (i.e. 0.000< 0.05), the null
hypothesis is rejected. So, there is strong evidence that relationship between
using internet vs. number of floors.
Symmetric Measures:
Value

Asymp. Std. Approx.

Errora
Tb

Approx.
Sig.

Interval
Interval

by

Pearson's R

.101

.051

2.699

.007c

Ordinal
Ordinal

by Spearman
Correlation

.102

.051

2.716

.007c

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation 2:
Since the pearson correlation is 0.101 so, there is positive and no
relationship

46

8. Floors vs. Using Diff. Wi-Fi Brands Cross tabulation:

Count
Using Diff. internet Brands

Floors

Total

145

268

193

608

23

30

60

13

23

47

10
Total

153

313

236

704

Out of 704 buildings having, 313 buildings having 4 different internet

brands,236 buildings having 5 brands, 153 buildings having 2 brands, 2
buildings having 1 brand.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

22.992a

15

.084

Likelihood Ratio

27.321

15

.026

Linear-by-Linear Association

9.467

.002

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation1:
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.999> 0.05), the null hypothesis is
accepted. So, there is no evidence that relationship between using number of
different brands and floors.
Symmetric Measures:
Value

Asymp. Std. Approx. T Approx.

Error
Sig.

Interval
Interval

by

Pearson's R

.116

.023

3.096

.002c

Ordinal
Ordinal

by Spearman
Correlation

.131

.033

3.495

.001c

N of Valid Cases

704

Intrepretaion2:
Since the Pearsons correlation is 0.116 so, there is positive and no
relationship.

48

9. Number of Home passes vs. Using Diff. internet Brands Cross

tabulation:
Count
Using Diff. internet Brands

Total

153

312

235

702

Number of Home passes 160 to 320 0

640 to 800 0

153

313

236

704

0 to 160

Total

49

Out of 704 buildings, 312 buildings of 0 to 160 home passes are having 4
internet brands, 1 building of 640 to 800 home passes are having 5 internet
brands.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

3.234a

.779

Likelihood Ratio

3.809

.703

Linear-by-Linear Association

.996

.318

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation1:
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.779> 0.05), the null hypothesis is
accepted. So, there is no evidence that relationship between Number of home
passes and floors
Symmetric Measures:
Value

Asymp.
Errora

Std. Approx.
Tb

Approx.
Sig.

Interval
Interval

by

Pearson's R

.038

.019

.998

.319c

Ordinal
Ordinal

by Spearman
Correlation

.027

.029

.726

.468c

N of Valid Cases

704

Intrepretation2:
Since the Pearsons correlation is 0.038 so, there is positive and no relationship.

50

10. Using WIFI vs. Using Diff. internet Brands Cross tabulation:
Count
Using Diff. internet Brands

Using WIFI

Total

0 to 100

153

313

235

703

400 to 500

153

313

236

704

Total

Out of 704 buildings,313 buildings of 0 to 100 using internet having 4

different brands,1 building of 400 to 500 using internet having 5 different
brands.
Chi-Square Tests:
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

1.986a

.575

Likelihood Ratio

2.189

.534

Linear-by-Linear Association

1.007

.316

N of Valid Cases

704

Interpretation1:
Since the p-value is Greater than 0.05 (i.e. 0.575> 0.05), the null hypothesis is
accepted. So, there is no evidence that relationship between using internet and
using different brands
Symmetric Measures:

51

Value

Asymp. Std. Approx.

Errora
Tb

Approx.
Sig.

Interval
Interval

by

Pearson's R

.038

.019

1.004

.316c

Ordinal
Ordinal

by Spearman
Correlation

.047

.023

1.239

.216c

N of Valid Cases

704

Intrepretation2:
Since the Pearsons correlation is 0.038 so, there is positive and no
relationship.

52

8. FINDINGS FROM THE RESEARCH

53

1. Wi-Fi usage depends on Number of home passes

2. Wi-Fi usage depends on Type of building
3.

Number of different brands depends on Type of buildings

4.

Building type depends on Number of floors

5. Type of buildings depends on number of home passes

6.

Number of home passes depends on Number of floors

7. Wi-Fi usage depends on Number of floors.

8.

Number of different brands usage depends on Number of floors

9.

Number of different brands depends on Number of home passes

54

9. Wi-Fi usage depends on Number of different brands CONCLUSION

From the above details I conclude that most of the customers are willing to go with Reliance
4G services, as most of them are satisfied with the free WI-FI services which are the main
advantage of the organization to attract the customers. Beta version of 4g has been tested
successfully and the customer satisfaction is highly met which implies that the Reliance JIO
will compete with other network service providers also after the commercial launch.

55

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
References:
[1] Available from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G#India
[2]Available from www.trai.gov.in
[3] Abhishek Kumar Singh and Malhar Pangrikar, (2013), A Study Report to Find out
market Potential for 4g Businesses in Pune available at
http://www.ripublication.com/gjmbs.html
[4] Berge Ayvazian,(2014),lessons for 4G in india available at
http://www.4gworldindia.com/BlogDetails.aspx?pressid=pressRe3&id=news
[5] Available from http://www.4gon.co.uk/solutions/introduction_to_4g.php
[6 Available from http://gadgets.ndtv.com/internet/news/reliance-industries-to-invest-over-rs250000-crores-in-digital-india-710273
[7] Available from http://www.nextbigwhat.com/reliance-jio-4g-plans-297/
[8] Available fromhttp://profit.ndtv.com/news/corporates/article-reliance-jio-to-launch-betaprogramme-to-assess-4g-network-quality-1200326?utm_source=taboola
[9] Available from
http://www.livemint.com/Industry/JFLXaQLiWeKnvoVoC1B5BM/RelianceJiotostartvoicedat
aservicesinfivecitiesby.
[10] Available from http://www.telecomwatch.in/newsflash/newsflash.aspx?
t1=1/22/2014&redir
[11] available from http://www.cerebralbusiness.com/lte/
[12] available from http://www.reliance4g.co.in/p/reliance-jio-infocomm.html

56

11.Questionnaire

NAME:
JC (JIO CENTRE) NAME:
DATE:
S.N

Area

Adress

Building

No of

Type(Resi/

Name

Floors

Comm/
Both)

Lat/lo
ng

Number
of Home
passes

Using
Using
Internet Diff.
Internet
Brands

CONTACT NUMBER:

57