HSE Manual - V3

Jacam HSE Handbook 2013 | Michael Mims | Esign ID: D5578M5GA-5C8E4XS4E | Esigned Date: 12/20/13 | Page: 1 of 81
JACAM HEALTH, SAFETY

AND ENVIRONMENT HANDBOOK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUBJECT
FOREWARD......
INTRODUCTION...........
WORKING AT JACAM..
WORKING SAFELY..
SAFETY RULES.
HSE TRAINING..
SITE SPECIFIC.....
10
SUBCONTRACTOR SAFETY...
12
JACAM CLOSINGS
12
REPORTING ACCIDENTS ..
12
CHEMICAL SAFETY......
13
MATERIAL HAZARDS .
14
DANGEROUS/HAZARDOUS GOODS..
14
HAZARD COMMUNICATION..
15
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
16
EYE SAFETY.....
19
HAND SAFETY......
20
HEARING SAFETY......
21
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V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013
FOOT HAZARDS..
22
SIGNS AND TAGS ...
26
FIELD WORK.
27
GAS AND VESSEL SAFETY .
27
COMPRESSED AIR......
28
WELDING AND CUTTING OPERATIONS ...
29
L.P.G. CYLINDERS...
29
CONFINED SPACES
30
OXYGEN DEFICIENCY HAZARDS
33
VAPORS IN HIGH CONCENTRATION
33
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
34
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT.....
34
HANDTOOLS
36
MACHINERY AND MACHINE TOOLS..
37
PORTABLE POWER TOOL SAFETY.......
38
LADDERS.......
40
SCAFFOLDS......
41
YOUR BACK & LIFTING .
41
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT.......
45
WORKING SAFELY ON LOADING DOCKS
45
VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS.
47
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HOUSEKEEPING
48
LABORATORIES......
49
EMERGENCY PREPARDNESS....
50
FIRE SAFETY.................
51
FIRST AID.............
53
SAFE DRIVING.
53
TRAFFIC SAFETY...
56
VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY..
57
VEHICLE EQUIPMENT ...
60
OTHER VEHICLE SAFETY TIPS ..
61
TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL ..
62
H2S AREAS ......
62
FILLING STORAGE DRUMS, BULK TANKS

AND OTHER CONTAINERS ......
66
PREVENTING COLD STRESS ..
67
HEAT STRESS .
70
PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT
71
st
th
th
1 Revision
4 Revision
7 Revision
Revised January 2007
Revised June, 2010
Revised Mar, 2013
nd
th
2 Revision
5 Revision
Revised October 2008
Revised July 2010
rd
th
3 Revision
6 Revision
Revised April 2009
Revised April 2011
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HSE EMPLOYEE HANDBOOK

FOREWARD
Welcome to JACAM. JACAM is vitally interested in conducting its
business activities in a manner that prevents injuries to people and
damage to the environment. There is no higher priority than to perform
our jobs in a safe, healthy, and environmentally-friendly manner. We
insist that every worker make job safety, health, and environmental
stewardship their top priorities as well. This handbook has been
developed to assist you in carrying out work practices in a manner
which is safe for you, your coworkers and the environment.
Safety at JACAM is regarded with the highest priority.
This handbook is provided to give you an overview of JACAMs Health,
Safety, and Environment program. It provides safety tips and general
emergency procedures and actions. It is provided as an aid it is
NOT a replacement for other written programs which contain official
policies and procedures. Please be aware that policies and
procedures may change and this revision of the handbook may not
reflect those changes. As a JACAM employee or contractor, you are
required to follow JACAMs HSE policies and procedures.
During your orientation, the HSE Manager and your supervisors will
discuss safe work practices and procedures, safe operation of
machinery, and how to protect the environment. We require you to
follow these instructions and those in this handbook to ensure no
person is injured or environmental damage is caused. We urge you to
become involved in our HSE Safety Committee to assist us in
continually improving our safety and environmental performance.
Safety and environmental protection depend on every person being
aware of established rules and procedures for performing various
tasks, and applying these consistently in our everyday work. This
handbook is intended as an introduction and working reference to the
information you will need to accomplish this. It does not release you
from having knowledge of, and complying with, all OSHA and EPA
safety requirements,as well as all JACAM policies and procedures
pertinent to your work.
JACAM strives for a perfect safety, health and environmental record.

This can only be achieved with the active participation of every JACAM
member. To this end, each must take her or his health, safety, and
environmental protection responsibilities seriously at all times.
The reporting of unsafe acts, near misses, and first aid injuries helps
prevent future serious injuries to you and your fellow workers. Health,
safety and environmental programs are continuing to be revised,
developed and improved, and we encourage you to become involved
to reduce our risks.
We wish you every success in your position and look forward to
working with you for many years to come.
Let's aim for perfection!
INTRODUCTION
Each JACAM employee is responsible for performing his assignments
in a manner that will not endanger himself or his fellow employees and
for complying with established safety rules and requirements.
Employees are encouraged to contribute to the health, safety, and
environment program and to bring potentially unsafe, unhealthy, and
environmentally unsound conditions to the attention of their
supervisors or the HSE Manager.
While JACAM will endeavor to comply with federal, state, and local
rules, regulations, and law, along with industry practices, it is the
responsibility of employees/contractors to observe safe healthy and
environmentally friendly work practices and procedures and wear the
correct Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) for the task.
The ultimate responsibility for safety at JACAM rests with you.
The Health, Safety, and Environment Manager is responsible for
oversight of the JACAM HSE program and is available for
technical support, special services, and consultation. At JACAM,
the HSE Manager has responsibility for the safe conduct of day to
day operations. The supervisor is responsible for safety in that
area. However, supervisors can only succeed in creating a safe
working environment with the cooperation of every person at
JACAM.
If you are aware of an environmental or safety problem in your work
area, or you are unsure about an aspect of your assignment that may
have environmental, health, or safety implications, it is imperative that
you immediately discuss the situation with the appropriate people.
Your first point of contact is your supervisor.
You must immediately report any spill or other incident with
environmental consequences to the HSE Manager and your
supervisor.
If you know of or observe equipment or conditions that are unsafe,
REPORT IT TO YOUR SUPERVISOR. An Incident Near Miss/Hazard
Report should also be completed. Where necessary, unsafe equipment
should be locked out and tagged.
If you are working in or are doing work that involves significant hazards
(for example, where a hard hat or eye protection is required), make
certain that you are properly trained, properly equipped, and that you
take all reasonable precautions. If you are using machinery be sure
that you use ALL the required personal protection equipment, that you
have the proper training, and are qualified to use the equipment.
REPORT ALL ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES to your Supervisor no
matter how small.
WORKING SAFELY AND FOLLOWING SAFE WORK PRACTICES
AND PROCEDURES PREVENTS INJURIES.
EVERYONE working at JACAM has the responsibility and
authority to issue a "Stop Work" order if there is an imminent
danger to individuals or the environment, or if a safety control
requirement is violated. If you issue a "Stop Work" order you must
immediately report your action to the JACAM Vice President and HSE
Manager and your supervisor. They will assist you in making other
notifications required by JACAM. If you receive a "Stop Work"
instruction you must stop work immediately and follow JACAM
procedures for restarting.
You are responsible for the safety aspects of your activities and for
following all safety procedures applicable to your work. If you become
aware of another worker, visitor or contractor working or acting in an
unsafe manner, e.g. the unsafe use of equipment, lack of use of
required PPE or safety equipment by either employees or visitors, you
should discuss the matter with the individual. If he/she does not
comply, contact the HSE manager and the individuals supervisor.
Remember: Safety is everybodys business.
If you become aware of conditions which may be safety violations, it is
your responsibility to immediately report such conditions to your
supervisor. If you believe an assigned task to be a hazard to safety or
health you should request a pre-performance review. Such a request
will NOT be cause for disciplinary action.
Complaints regarding environment, safety or health concerns, either
informal or formal, may be made to the HSE Manager on Safety
Suggestion Forms or verbally. If you feel it necessary, a formal, written
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complaint of a safety violation may be filed with the HSE Manager.

These forms are available from you Supervisor or the HSE Manager.
As an employee of JACAM, it is your responsibility to perform your
work in a safe manner while protecting the environment, and to comply
fully with all safety rules at all times. This includes respecting postings
of every hazard, even ones that you judge may no longer apply or
when you feel that a posted area is safe.
WORKING at JACAM
Visitors and Guests
Where to Get Information and Assistance
Your first point of contact on safety matters is the supervisor for the
area in which your work is being done. This handbook describes
additional sources of information regarding safety, as well as people
who can help when problems arise.
HSE Manager
HSE personnel provide guidance, assistance and expertise in safety,
health and environmental related matters. Each facility supervisor or
area manager handles routine safety, health and environmental
concerns. Experts on various subjects are also available for
consultation on more complex issues.
WORKING SAFELY
WORKING
The first rule of safety is that you are responsible for your own safety,
and that you will not endanger those around you. Your supervisor is
responsible for overseeing all activities in her or his area. You must
have permission from your supervisor before beginning work in an
area.
For all areas where you will be working, you must know the locations
of:
Exits
5
Fire extinguishers
Eye wash stations
Safety placards
Nearest telephone (and the emergency numbers)
Radio use (for plant/maintenance employees)
JACAM operates under a two person rule for all laboratory and
manufacturing areas. You should never work alone in any of these
areas unless you have made arrangements with your supervisor.
When you leave you must then let them know. In the JACAM plant ALL
work requires two people to be present in the building.
Evaluation of a Task (JSA)
When you begin a task, it is your responsibility to ensure that it is
performed safely. Each task should be evaluated for hazards and
environmental impact. This is not always as trivial as it sounds. If
necessary, the HSE Manager or his designee will assist you. If you
cannot obtain satisfactory assistance, contact the HSE Manager.
Among the things to be considered are:
1. Do you understand the safety implications of the task? If
you are not sure, ask.
2. Is any safety equipment or personal protective equipment
necessary? These might include lab coats, gloves, safety
glasses, safety shoes, hard hats, respirators, ventilation,
shielding, etc. If needed items are not already available, the
HSE Manager or his designee will obtain them before you start
the task.
3. Do you need any additional training? If so, advise your
supervisor or the HSE Manager. If none is available in a timely
manner, it is your responsibility to make it clear to your
supervisor and the HSE Manager that you cannot proceed
without proper qualified instruction. Sometimes this can be from
an experienced employee.
4. Is it necessary to notify or consult the departments
supervisor before you begin the task? If you are not sure,
you should consult your supervisor or HSE Manager.
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Setting Priorities
Tasks related to health, safety and environmental protection should
always receive priority. This applies not only to obvious emergencies
but to routine safety tasks, correcting safety violations, and satisfying
issues raised during safety inspections.
Effective Communication
To work safely it is important that you be able to communicate with
those around you.
Areas containing hazards such as hazardous chemicals, flammable
gas, or high voltage must be clearly posted according to the
requirements in the HSE manual. This also applies to areas requiring
personal protection equipment.
Safety Equipment
There are many situations where use of personal protective equipment
is not only prudent for your own safety, but required by JACAM.
Consequences of Health, Safety and Environmental Violations
Remember - ALL people working at JACAM are expected to
comply fully with ALL safety rules. This includes respecting
postings of every hazard, even if you judge that they no longer
apply or that the posted area is safe. Disciplinary action may be
taken for violations of these rules.
JACAM Safety Work Rules
Note: These rules supplement, but do not replace, those set forth by
JACAM policy.
SAFETY RULES
1. You may not work after hours in a JACAM lab or manufacturing
area unless you have a work plan, and it's approved in advance
7
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
by your supervisor and the HSE Manager. Another employee

must be present. If you will be alone, you must contact your
supervisor when you commence work and when you leave.
Report all injuries and accidents to your Supervisor and the HSE
manager.
Wear the correct clothing, footwear and protective equipment
supplied for the job.
Keep all work areas clean and tidy.
Clean up spills immediately.
Report the use of any fire extinguisher to your Supervisor.
Make sure extinguishers are in place, especially on all treater
trucks and in strategic locations in the facilities.
Report any fire extinguisher that is not adequately charged to
your supervisor.
Observe NO SMOKING rules.
Report any unusual conditions or hazards immediately.
Non-prescription drugs (with the exception of over-the-counter
products that do not cause drowsiness or impair job
performance), or intoxicated persons, and personnel under the
influence of drugs are not permitted on JACAM premises, in
vehicles or on any job sites. JACAM may request personnel to
comply with a substance abuse testing.
Dont jump from vehicles, equipment or working surfaces.
Always use ladders and steps provided.
Dont attempt any heavy or awkward lifts before sizing up the
load. Get help if necessary. Position feet, keep the load close to
the body and let leg muscles do the lift.
Catwalks, ladders and stairs must be clear of hoses, ropes, tools
and other obstructions. When using ladders keep your hands
free to grip the rungs. When using stairs keep one hand free for
the handrail. Portable ladders should be secured at the top so
they cannot slip.
15. All machines must be stopped, locked out, and a do not

operate tag placed on the machine before any work, repair, or
cleaning is done which involves access to moving parts. Power
must be isolated before guards or panels are removed. Do not
attempt any of this work on machinery or equipment unless first
notifying your Supervisor.
16. No one shall attempt to correct electrical faults other than a
qualified electrician.
17. Personnel moving in and around the plant MUST NOT RUN.
18. Riding or standing on vehicles where proper seating, platforms
and handrails are not provided for that purpose is STRICTLY
PROHIBITED.
19. If a vehicle tire has to be changed on the road, position the
vehicle to avoid traffic dangers and never rely on the vehicle jack
alone. Firm, level ground is essential.
20. Employees working in isolated environments must adhere to a
properly constituted back-up and regular call-in check
procedures. Ask your supervisor for the back-up and call-in
procedures for your area.
Training for Safety and Environmental Protection
HSE TRAINING
Training is designed to help you develop skills and
acquire knowledge and competencies. HSE training
is provided to help you develop the skills and
knowledge needed for your own protection as well as
for regulatory compliance. In order to work safely,
you must be able to recognize hazards in your work
environment and to respond appropriately. HSE training is intended to
prepare you to recognize hazards in your work environment and to
protect yourself by responding appropriately. New employee HSE
orientation is required of everyone working at JACAM. Other courses
such as HAZCOM and forklift training are necessary to qualify for work
in certain areas. The training you need depends on both your work
9
activities and the work environment. Your supervisor will help ensure
that you receive the HSE training you need to work safely at JACAM.
Other training appropriate to specific jobs should be arranged through
your supervisor.
As determined by the HSE Manager, after receiving your appointment
as an employee or guest, you must take the Employee Orientation
Training (EOT) before starting any work at JACAM.
Depending on the type of work you will be doing, additional training
may be required. Upon arrival for work, the HSE Manager, HSE
Coordinator, or HR Director, will determine your training requirements
and schedule you for the courses. You must complete all orientations
and courses needed for a given type of work before starting that work.
SITE-SPECIFIC
In addition to the employee orientation training, it is essential that each
person is fully aware of relevant health, safety, and environmental
policies and the work and hazards at the plant, warehouse, and each
specific site. These should be discussed at initial site meetings and
reviewed periodically.
Topics for site-specific inductions include:
Special emergency procedures, including specific emergency
contact numbers and names;
Safety aspects of the particular geographical area such as
climatic conditions, vegetation, plant species, isolation, access,
river flows, dangerous animals and insects;
Safety aspects of particular job procedures;
Equipment to be used;
Land use hazards and practices including electric fences,
herbicides/pesticides;
Potential hazards such as ground water, hydrogen sulfide gas
and liquids under pressure in drill holes, surface and underground
excavations, toxins.
10
Here is a list of most of the safety courses applicable to people working

at JACAM:
General
Employees Orientation Training:
Hazard Communication HAZCOM
o Chemical Safety
o SDS
o PPE
Back Safety
Fire extinguisher
Accident Prevention
Forklift Training
Lockout/tagout
Field Employee
Ergonomics
Forklift
HAZMAT
Defensive Driving
Substance Abuse
Plant Employee
Ergonomics
Forklift
HAZMAT
Substance Abuse
Induction of Contractors and Sub Contractors

No contractors or sub contractors are to commence work on any
JACAM sites without orientation training.
Visitors
There are many hazards that a casual visitor may not be aware of.
These include work being done overhead, heavy mobile equipment,
high voltages and currents, welding, flammable liquids, flammable
gasses, and others. Nonessential people can interfere with hazardous
work and expose themselves or others to unnecessary risk.
Consequently, there are some restrictions on visiting or touring JACAM
facilities. These will vary from time to time depending on the activity at
the facility visitors are visiting.
Security
Security is of major concern at all JACAM facilities due to the isolated
location of most of them and the nature of the equipment and materials
11
there. It is important that all buildings be kept locked when not

attended, especially after normal working hours.
SUBCONTRACTOR SAFETY
JACAM subcontractors conducting work on site are required to
take all precautions necessary to protect the environment, health,
and safety of their employees, as well as that of other persons on
and around the site. In part, this requires compliance with all the
JACAM written programs, this HSE Handbook, the applicable
rules of the road, and all OSHA-mandatory safety standards, and
EPA environmental standards. Subcontractors must notify Jacam
of hazardous materials that they bring on JACAMs or its
customers site and provide Jacam and its customer with safety
data sheets (SDSs), if applicable. Contractors must provide any
necessary safety training, medical surveillance, PPE, and other
safety equipment required to perform their work. In cases where
the potential hazards are not inherent to the subcontracted work
activity, but rather a part of JACAM activities, JACAM may
provide the appropriate training, medical surveillance, and safety
equipment.
JACAM CLOSINGS
If you want to know if JACAM is closed due to inclement weather or
some physical condition (power outage, storm damage, etc.) call
JACAM for a pre-recorded message at (620)-278-3355 or you will be
contacted by your Supervisor or his designee at least one hour prior to
your scheduled shift. In the event of severe weather, i.e. blizzard,
heavy snow accumulations, flooding, etc., there will be a message as
to the status of JACAM or you will receive a phone call. If you do not
hear a recorded message and the phone continues to ring (and it's
before business hours) or if you have not received a phone call,
assume JACAM is open for business.
REPORTING ACCIDENTS
12
Employees must immediately report all accidents, incidents and near

misses to their immediate supervisor and the HSE Manager. The HSE
Manager may be reached by calling 620-278-3355 or 620-314-9855.
The HSE Manager will record all work related injuries and illnesses.
Supervisors must also report the injury as soon as they are notified of
the event. All OSHA Recordable injuries must be recorded in the
OSHA 300 Log within seven calendar days.
A summary of work related injuries (form 300A) will be posted in a
visible place each year. The summary must be signed by a Company
official and will be posted from February 1 April 30th. All required
OSHA Logs and summaries will be kept for at least 5 years.
CHEMICAL SAFETY
CHEMICAL HAZARDS
You work with many hazardous substances during the course of your
lifetime, both on the job and at home. Each chemical you encounter
has its own risk. You need to know about hazardous materials before
you work with them so you can protect yourself. Although some
chemicals that JACAM uses are listed in the Process Safety
Management (PSM) standard, JACAM is not covered by the standard
since the amounts used of these chemicals by JACAM in any one
process does not exceed the amount set by the standard. There are
some actions you can take to keep yourself safe:
Read the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) that outlines the
hazards, handling procedures, and emergency actions
for that chemical.
Wear the required personal protective equipment to
reduce your exposure to the hazard.
Wash your hands and face before you eat, drink or smoke.
Read the container label for information that can help you protect
yourself. Every container must be properly labeled.
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Talk to your supervisor or HSE Manager if you have questions
regarding the chemical, how to work with it properly or what to do

if you spill or splash it on you.
MATERIAL HAZARDS
Each facility must have either electronic access to Safety Data Sheets
(SDS) or the appropriate hard copies available for all hazardous
material in that location. SDSs are available from the HSE Manager.
You must report any chemical spills immediately to your
supervisor and the HSE Manager. Any environmental concerns or
waste issues should also be brought to their attention.
If you purchase material, you must obtain the appropriate SDS,
and ensure that the appropriate hazard labeling is on the
container and that it is stored properly.
Ensure that there is a SDS for all hazardous materials and that
they are labeled. Report to your supervisor any hazardous
material that does not have a SDS or is not labeled.
Each facility must also have a chemical inventory of all chemicals
at the site.
All fluids must be in proper containers with the appropriate hazard
labeling.
All temporary (unlabeled) containers must be returned to its
original, labeled container before you leave the area.
If a material you need to use is highly hazardous (rating of 3 or 4
on the hazard label), it would be appropriate to ask if a less
harmful material can be substituted.
As with any other hazardous material, use of compressed gas
cylinders or cryogenic liquids requires notification of the relevant
people in the area where they will be used. Training is required
before working with either of these materials.
DANGEROUS /HAZARDOUS GOODS
14
Ensure all storage areas are clearly labeled.

Ensure that classes of goods are stored correctly. Mixing wrong
classes can cause explosions, fires and release of toxic fumes.
Ensure that oxidizers are segregated from flammable or
combustible materials.
Report all leaking drums/containers immediately to your
Supervisor.
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Many JACAM employees perform operations which commonly require
the use of chemicals that have inherent chemical and physical
hazards. General office activities may also involve working with
products which contain regulated chemicals. The OSHA Hazard
Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) requires employers to
provide information to their employees concerning the hazardous
chemicals in the workplace through a written program, training
sessions, safety data sheets (SDS), labels and warnings, and other
pertinent information. All employees and management shall fully
comply with JACAM Hazard Communication Program requirements.
Many chemicals are used in our facility. It is your job to know the
hazards and protect yourself when using chemicals. ASK your
supervisor or the HSE manager if you have any questions.
Chemical Hazards
Chemical hazards may include the following:
Respiratory Hazards
Chemical Burns
Eye Hazards
Poisoning
Explosion & Fires
Protect yourself.... know the chemical hazards and properties
SDS
15
Read the SDS (Safety Data Sheet) to understand the chemical, its
uses, what protective equipment to use and the proper emergency
procedures to follow.
Know where the SDSs are kept and how to read them
Inside Each SDS
Each Safety Data Sheet has important information for you. Information
contained includes:
Identity used on the label
Chemical & common name
Ingredients & common names
Physical & chemical properties
Physical hazards
Health hazards
Primary route of entry
Exposure limits
Carcinogen status
Handling & usage precautions
Protective measures
Procedures for spill cleanup
Emergency & first aid procedures
Date SDS was written
Name, address and telephone number of the chemical
manufacturer
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to protect you from
obvious hazards within the working environment. There is no way of
knowing just when and where an accident will occur; therefore, you
should take the necessary precaution of protecting yourself at all times.
Hard hats, safety glasses, safety shoes, gloves, face shields, etc. are
passive protective devices which are designed to be worn at all times
while in the presence of a hazard. This equipment will do you no good
16
taking up space in your desk drawer or your locker when you should
be wearing it. Personal protective equipment is one of the most
important elements of the JACAM safety program and provides you
with the last barrier between you and the hazards in your work area. It
cannot be stressed enough that this equipment can protect you and
every effort must be made to ensure that you have the proper
equipment which is comfortable to wear and available when you need
it. Management has the responsibility to identify the hazards in your
work area and to provide the appropriate equipment but you must
make a commitment to protect yourself by wearing it at all times when
exposed to the hazards of the work environment. If you need an item
of PPE which is not maintained at JACAM, see your supervisor or HSE
Manager.
PPE must be worn where risks or hazards have been identified.
Personal protective equipment is provided to further protect you from
accidents with chemicals and other harmful agents (e.g. noise, dust.
etc.).
1. CLOTHING
Long trousers and shirts are provided and must be worn for all
activities involving the handling of and manufacturing of chemical
products. FR clothing is provided/required for all field employees.
2. FOOTWEAR
Protective safety footwear must be worn. Under no circumstances shall
sandals, thongs or canvas shoes be permitted. Safety shoes are
required for work in the JACAM plant, maintenance, warehouse, and
field areas unless the HSE Manager has issued an exemption. Note:
The safety shoes you desire (or reimbursement for these safety shoes)
may not be available immediately upon your arrival at JACAM. If you
already have safety shoes or prescription safety glasses please bring
them with you so you can start work in a timely manner.
3. GLOVES
JACAM-issued gloves must be worn when manufacturing product and
handling drums, totes, hoses, valves, hatches, dips, and the like.
Maintenance personnel and others should always wear gloves when
17
handling materials such as lumber, metal beams, other materials in

which there may be risk of injury to the hands.
4. EYE AND HEAD PROTECTION
When filling or discharging bulk tanks, vessels, drums and tanks in any
manufacturing, maintenance, warehousing, or delivery facility, safety
glasses or goggles must be worn. When working with grinders or drills,
safety goggles and face shields are required. When welding, use
correct eye protection provided. Hard hats are required only in
designated locations in the plant. Hardhats must be worn for activities
or in locations that expose you to a potential head injury. This includes
operating heavy machinery, all work in the field and in situations where
someone is working above you. See your supervisor or the HSE
Manager if you need a hardhat. Safety glasses (at a minimum) are
required in all plant locations. Goggles and face shields are required
where acids, caustics and other highly hazardous materials are being
used in production. For more information, consult the SDS or your
supervisor and the HSE Manager.
5. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
Disposable or cartridge respirators should always be worn in dusty
conditions. Where fumes are present ask your supervisor for the
correct respiratory protection. You must be trained, pass a medical
exam and fit-tested before donning respiratory protection.
6. EAR PROTECTION
Ear protection will be provided and should be worn when using or
working close to noisy equipment. Your supervisor will advise you
when this is necessary. At this time JACAM is not aware of any areas
in our facilities that require ear protection.
7. CONTAMINATED CLOTHING
Dont wear clothing contaminated with chemicals, distillate, kerosene,
petrol, etc.
8. FALL PROTECTION
Fall protection equipment is generally required if you are working at a
height of more than 6 feet. Depending on the situation, this may be a
railing, a safety net or a harness. The HSE Manager can provide you
18
with fall protection equipment, and can arrange appropriate training for
its use.
9. CHEMICAL HANDLING
Personal protective equipment in addition to that previously mentioned
will be supplied for chemical handling AND MUST BE WORN. Many
safety-related items are restricted stock items. This is to ensure that
you are using an item appropriate to the task at hand and have the
proper training for its use. The HSE Manager has supplies of such
items (respirators, eye protectors, assorted safety signs, face shields,
etc.) available. Your supervisor can help you obtain these items. Some
activities have specific requirements or limitations regarding clothing
that may be worn.
EYE SAFETY
Avoiding Eye Injuries
Of all of our senses, the one most precious perhaps is
our sense of sight. Yet each year, thousands of us suffer
eye injuries that impair our vision or deprive us of our
sight altogether. These injuries are, to a large extent,
avoidable. In fact, over 90% of all eye injuries can be
prevented by following established safety guidelines and
using the appropriate protective eyewear for the tasks we perform.
Recognizing Eye Hazards
Among the most common eye hazards are flying particles, a hazard
typical of many machine operations such as grinding, sawing, etching,
and so on. Dusts (such as wood, metal, and other airborne particles),
sparks (common in welding), and fumes and splashes (from
chemicals) can all cause eye injury unless the appropriate protective
eyewear is used. Harmful light rays (common in arc and electrical
welding, and work using acetylene equipment) can cause painful eye
burns unless your eyes are adequately protected. The following
guidelines for on-the-job eye safety can help you save your sight--for
life.
Eye Safety Checklist
19
1. Be alert to the eye hazards present at your worksite.

2. Wear the appropriate protective eyewear glasses, goggles,
and/or hoods, face shields and welding helmets provided by
JACAM for the specific hazards you face.
3. Remember that regular eyeglasses or contact lenses will not
protect you from eye hazards if you must wear corrective
lenses, you must wear protective eyewear over them.
4. Check to see that your protective eyewear meets ANSI (American
National Standards Institute) standards. Z87.1 should be
marked on the frames and the manufacturers logo should be
marked on the lenses
5. Make sure that your protective eyewear fits properly and is clean
and in good condition before and after each use.
6. Replace faulty eyewear immediately.
7. Follow established safety guidelines.
8. Learn basic first-aid for eye injuries.
9. Know where all eyewash stations and emergency equipment are
located.
10. In the event of eye injury, get medical attention immediately.
HAND SAFETY
Avoiding Finger, Hand, and Wrist Injuries
Whether you're a machine operator, a lab technician, a plant
employee, a truck driver an office worker any kind of worker, for that
matter your hands are one of your most important "instruments." Yet,
over a quarter of a million people suffer serious (and often disabling)
hand injuries each year. By recognizing hand hazards, following
established safety guidelines, and using protective guards, shields,
gloves and other personal protective devices as needed, you can save
your hands from injury and yourself from unnecessary disability.
Recognizing Hand Hazards
20
One of the most serious yet common causes of hand

injury is the use of unprotected or faulty machinery or
equipment. Wearing jewelry, gloves, or loose-fitting
clothing around moving parts can also lead to injury.
Chemicals, corrosives, and other irritating substances
can cause burns and skin inflammation unless
appropriate hand protection is used. Temperature extremes and
electrical hazards are other common causes of hand injuries. In
addition, constant, repetitive motion can cause undue stress on the
wrists and hands unless protective measures are taken. The following
list provides a guideline for hand safety that can help you protect your
hands from injury and disability.
Hand Protection Checklist
1. Be alert to potential hand hazards before an accident can
happen.
2. Be alert to possible unguarded pinch points.
3. Use brushes to wipe away debris.
4. Inspect equipment and machinery before and after tasks to
make sure that it is in good operating condition.
5. Disconnect power and follow established lock-out procedures
before repairing or cleaning machinery.
6. Never wear gloves, jewelry, or loose clothing when working with
moving machine parts.
7. Use the appropriate personal protective equipment gloves,
guards, forearm cuffs, for the specific task you are performing.
8. When wearing gloves, be sure they fit properly and are rated for
the specific task you are performing.
9. Select tools designed to keep wrists straight to help avoid
repetitive motion/overuse problems.
HEARING SAFETY
Understanding Hearing Loss
Throughout our lives we are exposed to loud noises and
physical conditions that add up to gradual loss of
21
hearing. This Handbook and training is used by Jacam to make new

employees aware of the hazards of loud noises. Awareness training is
provided before new employees start work initially and annually
thereafter. Understanding how hearing works can help you realize the
importance of protecting your hearing.
How Hearing Works
The ear is composed of numerous delicate structures designed to
carry sound waves to the brain. The hair cells in the inner ear are
particularly important because they stimulate the auditory nerve which
transmits impulses to the brain. The brain translates auditory impulses
into the sounds that we hear. When the ear's hair cells become
damaged due to excess noise exposure, the auditory nerve is not
sufficiently stimulated, the brain does not receive the appropriate
sound signal, and we fail to hear correctly. When hair cells are
damaged by prolonged over-exposure to loud noise, they "die" and
cannot be replaced, resulting in permanent hearing loss.
Excess Noise Exposure
Noise is measured in units called decibels (dBs or dBAs). Excess
noise is generally considered to be exposure to 85-90 decibels or more
over an 8-hour period. A typical automobile horn can be as loud as 120
decibels, but hearing a horn honk for 10 seconds is unlikely to cause
hearing loss. If you had to listen to the horn blast for 8 hours straight,
though, you could very well experience gradual, permanent loss of
hearing. Or, if you work in a factory and are exposed to 80 decibels of
noise over a 4-hour period, you might not be at risk. If any employee is
exposed to an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels or greater,
they can select proper hearing protection from a Jacam selection.
Protecting Your Hearing
Employees will be trained on how to select, correctly fit, and use the
appropriate personal protective equipment recommended for their job
tasks. Ear muffs, plugs, and canal caps can all reduce the amount of
noise your ears are exposed to. This training will be consistent with the
work process and will be changed if the process or PPE changes. If
required, proper hearing protection will be provided at no cost to the
22
employee. Currently, there are no areas of our facilities or field work

conditions in which there are excess noise exposures.
FOOT HAZARDS
Foot Hazards include the following:
Crushing impact from dropped or rolling objects
Skin problems from dampness, chemical contact, or extreme heat
or cold
Friction & blisters from poor fitting footwear
Cuts or puncture from sharp objects
Electrical contact with live circuits
Right Foot Fatigue!
Prolonged standing, especially on hard surfaces, such as concrete,
can cause foot fatigue. There are some easy remedies for combating
this problem. The first solution is to make sure you have good quality
footwear that provides full support - shoes or boots with a heal over 1/2
inch can lead to not only foot fatigue, but also lower back strain.
Inexpensive and replaceable cushioned insoles also are a great way to
prevent foot fatigue. Even though they appear to be very thin, the
cushioning effect can have a dramatic change in how comfortable your
feet feel at the end of the workday.
Use of cushioned mats at workstations can also help
eliminate foot fatigue, though be aware that they may also
cause a trip hazard if the edges of the mat become curled
or if the edges are more than an eighth-inch above the
floor level. Flex your foot and alternately place one foot
then the other on a raised footrest. This will also help relieve lower
back stress.
Smart Safety Rules
Wear the correct footwear for the hazards your feet face.
Make sure your shoes are snug but not tight.
Inspect footwear for cuts, cracks, worn soles and loss of tread.
Don't wear wet shoes or boots.
23
Stay in authorized foot traffic areas.

Don't walk on or over pallets.
Rotate between old and new shoes. Don't wait until your shoes
are totally worn out before you get a new pair

If chemicals get inside your footwear - immediately remove &
flush with water and follow specific directions for skin exposure
listed in the chemical safety data sheet (SDS)
Take care of your shoes & boots. Replace the shoe when the
tread pattern is gone from the rear two-thirds of the heel. Clean
the soles periodically so the shoe can maintain its ability to grip
and have traction.
A good shoe should be . . .
Flexible & lightweight
Provide ankle support if you do a lot of carrying
Have slip resistant soles
Protective footwear must comply with American Society of Testing
Material (ASTM) standards, F2412-05, Standard Test Methods for Foot
Protection, and F2413-05, Standard
Specification for Performance Requirements for Foot Protection.,
which breaks footwear down into six categories:
Impact- and compression- resistance, which uses a steel or
nonmetallic toe cap (steel toe) to protect against falling objects or
crushing from heavy rolling objects.
Metatarsal footwear, which provides similar protection from
falling objects to the area of the foot between the ankle and the
toes.
Electrical hazard, where the sole of the shoe or boot is designed
to protect workers from electric shock from 600 volts or less,
under dry conditions.
Conductive footwear, which prevents the buildup of static
electricity.
Puncture-resistance, where the sole resists penetration from
sharp objects; such as nails or broken glass.
24
Static-dissipative, which reduces the buildup of static electricity
by conducting body charge to ground, while protecting the

employee from electrical hazards.
Know the limitations of your Personal Protective Equipment.
Always inspect before using it.
Smart Safety Rules
Read and understand the Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
Keep the work area clean and orderly.
Use the necessary safety equipment.
Label every container.
Store incompatible chemicals in separate areas.
Substitute less toxic materials whenever possible.
Limit the volume of volatile or flammable chemicals used.
Dont pour chemicals down the drain.
Properly dispose of "empty" containers.
Report any spill IMMEDIATELY to your supervisor and the
HSE manager.
Dont use a chemical unless you have been properly trained.
Know the location and use of emergency eyewash and shower
station.
Never mix chemicals unless you have an approved
procedure.
Wash your hands and any affected areas after using chemicals.
Dont store hazardous chemicals in glass containers.
Protect yourself with the correct PPE.
Wear the proper respirator for vapors, mist and fumes.
25
Wear eye protection at all times.

Use a face shield AND goggles if there is any splash
hazard.
Use the correct glove for the specific chemical check
gloves
for rips, holes or tears before using.
Chemical resistant footwear may be required for some j
with chemicals, such as acids or pesticides.
Use coveralls or aprons to protect your clothing and ski
SIGNS AND TAGS

Signs and tags are not intended as substitutes for preferred abatement
methods such as engineering controls, substitution, isolation, or safe
work practices. Rather, they are additional safety guidance and
increase your awareness of potentially hazardous situations.
Tags are temporary means of warning all concerned of hazardous
conditions, defective equipment, etc. Tags are not to be considered as
a complete warning method, but should only be used until a positive
means can be employed to eliminate the hazard; for example, a "Do
Not Start" tag is affixed to a machine and is used only until the
machine can be locked out, de-energized, or inactivated.
Danger Signs shall be used where an immediate
hazard exists and specific precautions are required to
protect personnel or property. The sign shall be of red,
black, and white colors.
Danger Tags shall be placed on a damaged ladder or other damaged
equipment, and immediate arrangements made for the
ladder/equipment to be taken out of service and sent to be repaired.
26
Caution Signs shall be used to warn of a potential hazard or to

caution against unsafe practices, and to prescribe the precaution that
will be taken to protect personnel and property from mishap probability.
The sign shall be of yellow and black colors.
Exit Signs shall be utilized to clearly identify the means of egress from
a building or facility. Where the exit is not apparent, signs shall have an
arrow indicating the direction of the exit.
Biological Hazard Warning Signs shall be used to signify the actual
or potential presence of a biological hazard and to identify equipment,
containers, rooms, etc., which contain or are contaminated with viable
hazardous agents. The symbol on these signs shall be the standard
fluorescent orange or orange-red color.
FIELD WORK
An important aim should be to develop and improve the systems
employed in managing safety, health and environmental issues and
not simply fix one issue.
An attempt should be made to identify all potential hazards prior to any
work being undertaken. The risks associated with those hazards
should then be assessed and control measures determined to
eliminate or minimize those risks. Complete a Job Safety Analysis
form for all customer site visits.
GAS AND VESSEL SAFETY
Whenever a gas is pressurized or liquefied, its intrinsic toxicity,
flammability and reactivity hazards are enhanced. In addition, there is
an added risk of violent energy release via flying materials, whipping
pipes and high velocity gas flow. (Related oxygen deficiency
considerations are discussed in the Oxygen Deficiency Hazards
Section in this Handbook.) NEVER smoke in compressed gas storage
area hydrogen, acetylene, or oxygen storage areas. Information
about intrinsic gas hazards can be found on manufacturer provided
safety data sheets (SDSs). In general, compressed/liquefied gases
should only be used in large well-ventilated areas. Most liquefied
27
gases also present a hazard of frostbite. Special precautions such as

personal protective equipment, gas detectors or detailed risk-analyses
may be required for high hazard applications.
Remember these rules:

Compressed oxygen cylinders must be stored at least 20
feet from flammable or combustible materials (including oil
and grease) or by a noncombustible barrier at least five feet
high having a fire-resistance rating of at least one-half hour.
Valve protection caps shall be in place except when
cylinders are in use or connected for use.
Compressed gas cylinders should not be placed inside
confined or enclosed spaces and that hoses must not be left
unattended in confined or enclosed spaces.
COMPRESSED AIR
One hazard of using compressed air in proximity to the human body
involves the accidental injection of air under the skin. Proper
procedures for use of compressed air in industrial applications include
inspection of all connections to make sure they are secure, reducing
the pressure to less than 30 psi for cleaning machinery, and the
mandatory use of eye protection. Compressed air should never be
used to clean personal attire or to direct against someone else in
horseplay.
Safety rules to remember when using compressed air & other
gasses:
Compressed gases must only be used by authorized persons and
only for the operation for which they are intended.
Compressed air must never be used to blow dust from hair or
clothes.
COMPRESSED AIR ENTERING THE BODY EVEN UNDER
LOW PRESSURE CAN CAUSE DEATH.
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Clothing is no protection against compressed air.
WELDING AND CUTTING OPERATIONS

Only experienced personnel will be allowed to perform welding and
cutting operations. Welding goggles and hoods, gloves,
and aprons must be worn while welding and cutting.
Shields and screens constructed of approved materials
must be used to contain sparks and hot slag that could
start a fire, and to avoid exposing others to harmful light
rays. When welding and cutting equipment is not in use,
the valves must be shut off at the cylinders and the torch. Flashbackarresters are required on oxyacetylene systems. Ventilation in the area
must be adequate to exhaust any toxic fumes produced in the
operation. A Hotwork Permit which covers the specific location and job
must be obtained from the HSE Manager or his designee and
displayed at all times, with the exception of work done in the
maintenance shop.
Safety rules to remember:
Welding and other hot work is normally subject to a hot work
permit (when done in areas outside the maintenance shop) and
only authorized personnel are permitted to operate oxy-acetylene
or arc-welding gear.
Screening of arc-welding jobs is compulsory.
Eye protection and protective equipment is to be used on all
welding and chipping jobs.
All tank welding is restricted to the welding nominated by
management and can only be done under work permit.
All oxygen, acetylene, and gas bottles must be kept chained,
supported or caged to prevent them from falling.
L.P.G. CYLINDERS
29
Always follow the suppliers instructions.

All equipment used must be in first class condition and checked
regularly for leaks.

Use only equipment and parts approved for LPG. Keep cylinders
upright at all times.
IF A LEAK OCCURS:
Try to stop by shutting cylinder valve. If this is not possible move
cylinder to safe outdoor location at least 70 ft. from ignition
sources.
If the attachment to the cylinder is on fire and valve on but
cylinder undamaged, close valve and extinguish fire.
If cylinder is leaking and valve cant be closed, call fire
department and evacuate area.
CONFINED SPACES
A confined space is any enclosure for which entry and exits are limited
and hazards may be present. Identifying characteristics include small
opening(s) - ingress/egress is restricted, poor ventilation, infrequent
access, isolation from help, and a relatively small volume. Typical
confined spaces at JACAM include manholes, tanks, vessels, reactors,
pipes, and sump pits. The atmosphere within a confined space may be
oxygen deficient, toxic or flammable. There may also be physical
hazards such as poor visibility, poor communication, poor footing, heat,
radiation, rotating equipment and electrical wiring. Some confined
spaces require a permit before entering. You must complete a special
training course to qualify to enter these spaces. Confined spaces can
be deceptively dangerous. Do NOT enter a confined space unless
necessary and you have the appropriate training and monitoring.
Working in a confined space may be a regular part of your job, or it
may be a one-time emergency. Always think of confined spaces as
dangerous. You can protect yourself. Learn their hidden hazards and
use safe practices. It's the smart way to stay safe.
Few Openings
30
Confined spaces have few or very small openings. They're not meant
for workers to stay in. Ventilation is usually poor.
Boilers, storage tanks & pipelines are examples of confined spaces.
They don't have to be small to be confined.
Four Dangers
There are four main dangers in confined spaces. First, there may not
be enough oxygen to breathe. Rust or chemicals can use it up. Even if
there's enough oxygen when you enter, it can be used up by your
presence and you work more quickly than you might think.
Second, fire and explosions can both use up oxygen quickly enough to
prevent escape and cause death within minutes. Chemicals and gases
can explode suddenly, from cigarettes, static electricity, sparks, or
heat.
Third, in confined spaces there is the danger of poisonous ("toxic")
elements in the air. They can harm your breathing and nervous
system. Often, you cannot see or smell them.
Some gases, vapors and dusts can burn or smother you quickly.
Others don't have obvious effects and so are especially dangerous.
Fourth, there are physical dangers such as loud noise, intense heat,
and falls. These can be very hazardous in confined spaces.
Definition of Confined Space
Confined space (as defined by OSHA) means a space that (1) is
large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily
enter and perform assigned work; and (2) has limited or restricted
means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage
bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited
means of entry.); and (3) is not designed for continuous employee
occupancy. A permit-required confined space is one that meets
the definition of a confined space and has one or more of these
characteristics: (1) contains or has the potential to contain a
hazardous atmosphere, (2) contains a material that has the
potential for engulfing an entrant, (3) has internal configuration
hazards that might cause an entrant to be trapped or asphyxiated
by inwardly converging walls or by a floor that slopes downward
and tapers to a smaller cross-section, or (4) contains any
31
recognized serious hazards. A non-permit confined space means

a confined space that does not contain or, with respect to
atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard
capable of causing death or serious physical harm.
Confined space entry procedures shall be performed in
accordance with 29 CFR 1910.146, Permit-Required Confined
Spaces.
Prepare Carefully
Always prepare before entering a confined space, no matter how
great an emergency it is. Use the right ventilation and personal
protective equipment. Make sure all equipment is tested and
grounded.
Cut off gas, power, steam and water lines into the confined space.
Post a permit stating that you are inside.
Have a qualified person test the air for oxygen, flammability, and
toxicity. Test high, low and in the corners.
Have at least one "buddy" outside, connected to you by a lifeline.
Your buddy should know cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR"),
first aid, and how to use safety equipment. Stay in contact with
your buddy.
Stay alert and don't smoke or eat while in a confined space.
JACAM personnel shall not work in a hazardous atmosphere. A
hazardous atmosphere means an atmosphere that may expose
employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of
ability to self-rescue (that is, escape unaided from a permit
space), injury, or acute illness from one or more of the following
causes:
1. Flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10 percent of its
lower flammable limit (LFL);
2. Airborne combustible dust at a concentration that meets or
exceeds its LFL; (NOTE: This concentration may be
approximated as a condition in which the dust obscures
vision at a distance of 5 feet or less).
32
3. Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 percent or
above 23.5 percent;

4. Atmospheric concentration of any substance for which a
dose or a permissible exposure limit (PEL) published by
OSHA could potentially be exceeded. (NOTE: An
atmospheric concentration of any substance that is not
capable of causing death, incapacitation, impairment of
ability to self-rescue, injury, or acute illness due to its health
effects is not covered by this provision).
5. Any other atmospheric condition that is immediately
dangerous to life or health.
OXYGEN DEFICIENCY HAZARDS (ODH)
An oxygen deficient atmosphere (as defined by OSHA) means an
atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.
Air normally contains 21% oxygen. An oxygen-enriched
atmosphere (as defined by OSHA) means an atmosphere
containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume. If the
concentration at normal atmospheric pressure falls below 18%,
harmful effects can occur such as reduced senses, poor
reasoning ability, dizziness, loss of consciousness and even
death. The nature of, and the time to, a particular effect depends
on how far below 18% the oxygen concentration gets. For
instance, at 13% it may take several hours before a person will
pass out, while at 6% or less it will take less than 15 seconds.
Certain operations (such as confined spaces) have the potential
to expose you to atmospheres which are oxygen deficient.
Personnel shall not work in an oxygen-deficient or oxygenenriched atmosphere.
VAPORS IN HIGH CONCENTRATION
Vapors from flammable products can be hazardous in high
concentrations. For example, they can displace oxygen and cause
suffocation or affect breathing and the eyes. Persons entering confined
33
spaces where these products have been stored will require full
protective clothing and fresh air breathing apparatus. These operations
require stringent precautions controlled by an authorized person under
a work permit.
Confined spaces must not be entered without a permit and procedures
must be followed. See Confined Spaces Section.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
Electrical cables or lines should be examined periodically to ensure
they are always in proper order. Do not allow them to trail around and
come in contact with excessive heat, sharp edges, grease or oil or in
places where they can be run over by vehicles or lie in water or moist
conditions.
Do not overload power outlets.
Power tools must always be in good condition.
If you have any doubt, tag them with an Out of Order card and
report immediately to your Supervisor.
No-one should attempt to correct any electrical fault other than
replacing burnt fuses. In case of an electrical fault, call the
company electrician or another qualified electrician.
All portable tools should be used with all safety protection units
provided.
Only the low voltage types of portable illumination provided may
be used.
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
Preventing Machine Surprises
When it's time for maintenance, repairs or machine setup,
simply unplugging the machine that you're working on is not
enough. Many serious accidents have happened when
someone thought a machine or the electricity was safely off.
"Lockout/tagout" is a way to protect yourself and others.
34
Guaranteeing Machines Stay Off

Lockout/tagout ensures that machines and electricity remain
temporarily off. Without a lockout/tagout system, there is the possibility
that a machine will suddenly start up. Then someone could be cut, hit
or crushed. There is also a serious danger of electrocution or the
release of hazardous materials.
An equipment-specific energy control procedure must be in place prior
to performing a lockout/tagout procedure. To prevent startups, you
need to identify a machine's power sources: electrical current, stored
electricity (such as in a capacitor), stored pressure (such as
compressed air), stored mechanical energy (such as in a coiled spring)
or gravity.
Take Seven Steps for Lockout/Tagout
Think, plan and check. If you are in charge, think through the
entire procedure. Identify all parts of any systems that need to be
shut down. Determine what switches, equipment and people will
be involved. Carefully plan how restarting will take place.
Communicate. Notify all those who need to know that a
lockout/tagout procedure is taking place.
Identify all appropriate power sources, whether near or far from
the job site. Include electrical circuits, hydraulic and pneumatic
systems, spring energy and gravity systems.
Neutralize all appropriate power at the source. Disconnect
electricity. Block movable parts. Release or block spring energy.
Drain or bleed hydraulic and pneumatic lines. Lower suspended
parts to rest positions.
Lock out all power sources. Use a lock designed only for this
purpose. Each authorized worker should have a personal lock.
Tag out all power sources and machines. Tag machine controls,
pressure lines, starter switches and suspended parts. Tags
should include your name, department, how to reach you, the
date and time of tagging and the reason for the lockout.
35
Do a complete test. Double check all the steps above. Do a
personal check. Push start buttons, test circuits and operate

valves to test the system.
When its Time to Restart
After the job is completed, follow the safety procedures you have set
up for restart, removing only your own locks and tags. With all workers
safe and equipment ready, it's time to turn on the power.
HANDTOOLS
Although there are not the same hazards as exhibited by machinery
and machine tools, hand tools may also be hazardous if they are used
incorrectly. Follow the outlined rules to ensure your safety when using
handtools.
Use the proper tool for the job to be performed.
Follow manufacturers instructions and/or safe work
practices when utilizing hand tools.
Always inspect hand tools prior to use and do not use
broken or damaged hand tools.
Do not, under any circumstances, alter tools from the
manufacturers specifications.
Secure any hand tools used at an elevated work location by
a safety line.
Place long handled tools, such as crowbars, shovels and
chain tongs in their racks. Do not lean them in corners or
against walls.
Cutting tools are safer and more efficient when kept sharp.
Use the proper cutting tool for the job at hand. Avoid use of
pocketknives.
When using hammers, sledges or other driving tools, use a
tool holder for the chisel, bar or other tool/equipment being
struck.
36
All observers must stand clear of any individual performing
sledge work.
Check the clearance overhead and behind before starting to
perform sledge work.
Do not use extensions or cheaters on wrench handles until
efforts to break out or make up connection with the largest

wrench available have failed. The extension must extend the
full length of the handle so that it will not damage the wrench
or slip off the handle.
Never step or jump on wrenches when additional force is
needed.
MACHINERY and MACHINE TOOLS

Machinery and machine tools are by definition power driven equipment
used to shape material by cutting or impact. Included in this category
are equipments such as lathes, mills, radial saws, drills, hoists, and
trucks. The operation, adjustment, or repair of any machinery or
equipment is restricted to qualified and trained personnel. All areas
where machine tools are used must be placarded to indicate that eye
protection is mandatory for all persons in the area whether operating
the equipment or not. All personnel are required to conform to wearing
the required PPE in these areas whether signage is posted or not.
Never leave machinery running if you are not there to operate it.
Materials must be removed from the machine and the power-down
procedure carried out before leaving the area. Proper grounding and
machine guards are required where applicable. Removing or
circumventing machine guards which have been installed is strictly
prohibited without approval of the HSE Manager. Some other safety
rules include the following:
37
Before using any machine shop equipment you must be
technically qualified and you MUST be certified by your supervisor

or the HSE Manager. Your supervisor will assist you with this.
Machine guards and covers will be in place and maintained as
required.
Any problems with shop equipment must be reported immediately
to your supervisor. You must tag, lockout, and stop using any
unsafe equipment until the problem is resolved.
Job sites, materials, and equipment will be inspected frequently
by competent employees such as Account Managers, or Treater
Truck Drivers. Any machine, tool, material, or equipment that is
not compliant or safe to use will be tagged, locked-out, or
removed from its place of operation.
If you see someone misusing shop equipment, inform your
Supervisor. Employees will be trained to recognize and avoid
unsafe operating conditions which includes the control and
elimination of hazards. If you believe that someone is likely to hurt
themselves, then you must stop the work.
Ensure that fixed grinders (bench and pedestal) have protective
shields and tool rests. Tool rests must be adjusted to maintain no
more than one-eighth of an inch clearance.
The operator of a grinder must wear safety glasses and face
shield.
Use of forklifts, aerial lifts (man-lifts), and other similar machinery
requires training and qualification from the HSE Manager.
PORTABLE POWER TOOL SAFETY

If you've spent your day operating a drill press, your hand
drill may not seem like a particularly dangerous tool. Not
true. It's estimated that about 8% of industrial accidents
involve the unsafe use of hand tools (both manual and
power). These accidents result from using the wrong tool for the job (or
using the right tool incorrectly), failing to wear personal protective
equipment, or failing to follow approved safety guidelines. The
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following checklist provides some basic rules for the safe use of
portable power tools. Take a moment to review this list, and use the
tips here whenever you use a portable power tool--on or off the job.
Power Tool Rules
1. Use your tool only for the specific task it was designed to do.
2. Read the owner's manual before using your tool. Follow
manufacturers instructions and/or safe work practices when
utilizing hand tools.
3. Never use any tool power or manual unless you are trained
to do so.
4. Inspect before each use and replace or repair if parts are worn
or damaged.
5. Inspect screws, nuts, bolts and moveable parts to make sure
they are tightened.
6. Before plugging or unplugging tools, be sure power switch is
turned to "OFF."
7. Never disconnect power by pulling on the cord. Remove the
plug from the outlet.
8. Ensure that electric hand tools are properly insulated and
grounded. Check cords for cuts prior to each use.
9. Portable power tools must have guards.
10. Never clean or repair a tool unless power is connected. (Repair
tools only if you are trained to do so.) Do not, under any
circumstances, alter tools from the manufacturers specifications.
11. Use explosion proof and non-sparking tools/equipment and
extension cords where potentially explosive atmospheres may
exist.
12. When working on ladders or scaffolding, rest power tools on a
flat surface or in a bin secured to the ladder itself. (A falling tool
can seriously injure a coworker or bystander.)
13. Use a ground fault circuit interrupter when working with power
tools.
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14. Do not wear rings, jewelry, or loose clothing when operating
power tools.
15. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE), such as face
shields, safety goggles, disposable masks, etc. as required.
LADDERS
All ladders used at JACAM must meet the requirements set
forth by OSHA, 29 CFR 1926.1053. All Ladders shall be used
only for the purpose for which they were designed proper
length and type; e.g., metal ladders must never be used for
electrical work or in areas where there is probable contact with live
electrical parts. Arrangements must be made for transporting tools and
materials up and down ladders (i.e., use canvas bag or tie into
bundles, etc.) so that you will have both hands free for climbing. When
a ladder is to be used, the following basic safe practices should be
observed:
Never use a defective ladder.
Straight ladders shall extend at least 3 feet above the highest
landing to which access is intended.
Climb no higher than the third rung from the top of a straight
ladder, or the second step from the top of a step ladder.
Work no more than an arm's length from the upright position. A
good rule is to keep your belt buckle between the ladder side
rails.
Only one person at a time shall be on a ladder.
Select firm footing. Place the feet of a straight ladder at least 1
foot out from the vertical plane for each 4 feet of height between
the base and the support.
Remove ladders at the end of your work. Do not climb or stand
on improvised ladders such as chairs, barrels, drums, desks, or
boxes.
Select the right ladder for the job.
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Never exceed the marked load capacity on the ladder.

Before use, visually inspect your ladder for obvious defects such
as cracked or damaged side rails; missing, loose, or cracked
rungs; loose, bent, or broken steps or spreaders; and worn or
missing shoes.
Do not paint ladders; painting may hide potential problems.
SCAFFOLDS
All scaffolds must conform to OSHA requirements. They are to be
inspected and approved by a competent person prior to use. See the
HSE Manager for more information. Climbing on handrails, midrails, or
brace members as a means of access to the scaffold is forbidden. Use
a secure ladder for entry. Fall protection is required if you are unable to
erect proper guardrails or need to work from the rails. Check with the
HSE Manager to ensure your work plan is appropriate.
YOUR BACK AND LIFTING
Back Basics
Your back is made up of moveable bones (called vertebrae) and
shock-absorbers (called discs) between each vertebra. These
structures are supported by ligaments and muscles that help keep the
back aligned in three balanced curves. (You know your back is aligned
correctly when your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line.)
When your back's three curves are not in balance, there is a greater
likelihood of both back pain and injury.
Posture
It's true that good posture is a reflection of the way we look and feel
about ourselves, but it's much more than that. Good posture is one of
the simplest things each of us can do to help our backs stay healthy
and pain-free. Good posture can prevent muscle pain, stiffness, and
tension as well as back aches, pain, and injury. Good posture is
actually quite simple. It means keeping the three natural curves of your
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back (neck, chest, and lower back) in balance while standing, sitting, or
lying down.
Standing
Contrary to what most of us were taught, good posture does not mean
standing with shoulders thrust back, chin forward, and spine straight as
an arrow. Actually, you're using good standing posture when your ears,
shoulders, hips, knees, and ankles are "stacked" in a straight line.
(Note: Your shoulders should be relaxed and your knees slightly bent.)
Sitting
While sitting, you can keep your spine balanced by again "stacking"
ears over shoulders and shoulders over hips. To prevent lower back
strain, place a lumbar roll (or rolled up towel or sweater) between your
lower back and the back of your chair. Keep your buttocks resting
against the chair back, and if your feet don't reach the floor, rest them
on a footstool or box.
Lying Down
When lying down or sleeping, try resting on your side in a modified
"fetal" position (knees slightly bent toward chest) or on your back with
a pillow placed beneath your knees. Sleeping with more than one
pillow under your head can exaggerate your neck curve and can place
undue stress on your back. Choose a firm mattress for adequate back
support.
A Healthier Back
By using good posture throughout your day, you can help keep your
back balanced and reduce your risk of back problems and injury. You'll
not only feel better, you'll look better, too.
Stretching
Stretching before starting the day, during short breaks throughout
the day, after sitting or standing too long, and after awkward
postures will help you prevent injuries to your back. Stretching
reduces muscle tension that builds up, increases the range of
motion and flexibility, makes movement easier, and helps prevent
injuries (i.e., stretched muscles resists stress). Stretching should
be relaxed and sustained, focusing on the muscles stretch.
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Muscles should be stretched to the point of mild tension; not to

the point of pain and no bouncing.
Safe Lifting
Back injuries are one of the most costly injuries at JACAM.
And certainly from the individual's perspective it is one of
the most painful. It is vital that you do everything you
reasonably can to prevent injuring your back. A person's
ability to lift is not necessarily indicated by his/her height or
weight. In some cases, a small person can lift heavier objects more
safely than a larger person. When in doubt, get help.
Training
Training will be conducted and shall include general principles of
ergonomics, recognition of hazards and injuries, procedures for
reporting hazardous conditions, and methods and procedures for early
reporting of injuries. Job specific training will be given on safe lifting
and work practices, hazards, and controls. A hazard assessment
should be completed prior to any manual lifting. You can avoid
overloading your back by using good lifting techniques such as:
Consider the size and weight of the object to be lifted. Do not
lift more than you can handle comfortably.
Before lifting, plan your move. How will you lift the object?
Where will you move the object? Is the path clear? How will you
set the object down?
When lifting, bend at the knees. Get a good hold on the object
and lift by straightening your knees. Keep the object as close to
your body as possible. And NEVER, NEVER twist while lifting or
setting the object down.
Never carry an object that you cannot see over or around.
Supervisors will investigate all injuries caused by improper lifting and
use those findings to change work procedures, if necessary, to prevent
future injuries. Additionally, Supervisors will periodically evaluate work
areas and lifting techniques used by employees. New operations will
be evaluated for manual lifting hazards prior to implementation.
Lifting Awkward Loads
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Most people whose jobs require lifting are familiar with the "safe" lift:
bending your knees, hugging the load, and letting the strong muscles
in your legs do the actual lifting. This standard way of lifting is safe, but
in many situations, it's impractical. When the load you have to lift is
awkward, or is in a hard-to-reach area, a standard lift can be difficult to
perform. The following tips can help you lift safely in situations where
the standard lift can't be used.
Odd-sized Loads
Long objects that are relatively light can be awkward to lift and carry.
When lifting or carrying pipes, lumber, and other long light loads, don't
"hug" the load close to your body. Instead, support it on your shoulder,
keeping the front end of the object higher than the rear. If the load is
long or heavy enough to require two people, each of you should
shoulder it on the same side and keep the object level. (Be sure to
keep in step while walking.) Some oversized loads may be light
enough to carry, but can block your vision. In those situations, it's best
to use mechanical help or ask a coworker for a hand.
Hard-To-Reach Loads
Overhead loads can be difficult to lift. If you have to lift an object that's
above shoulder level, use a step stool or ladder to avoid overreaching.
Test the weight of the load before removing it from its shelf. If it's less
than 25 pounds or so, slide it toward you, and hug it close to your body
as you descend. If possible, hand it down to a waiting coworker.
Reaching into a bin, container, or other storage area to lift an object
makes the standard lift next to impossible. In these situations, stand
with feet at shoulder distance apart, slightly bend your knees, and start
to squat, bending at your hip joints, not at your waist. (The movement
is the same one you make when you lower yourself into a chair.) Slide
the load as close to your body as you can and raise yourself using your
leg and hip muscles. Tighten your abdominal muscles as you lift, and if
possible, rest your knees against the side of the container for
additional support.
Tips to Remember
Whenever possible, use the standard lift. But, if a load is awkward, use
the preceding tips to help you lift it safely. Avoid extending your upper
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body to lift a load, you'll not only lose your center of balance; you'll also
risk injuring your back. The company provides drum dollies, pallet
jacks, fork trucks, and hoists to use for heavy loads. Supervisors
should ensure that these devices are used by the employee.
Finally, use your safety sense. If a load is too awkward or hard-toreach to lift it safely and lifting devices are impractical, two people must
be used to lift the load!
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Powered material handling equipment such as lift trucks (forklifts) and
pallet jacks may be operated only by persons who have been formally
qualified through training and by supervisor approval. Lifting and
moving of heavy objects should be done by mechanical devices
whenever this is practical. The equipment used must be appropriate in
size and design for the lifting and moving task. The rated load capacity
of the equipment must be displayed and must not be exceeded. In
addition, each lifting device must be inspected before lifting. Lift trucks,
cranes and hoists are designed to move material not passengers. The
operator is the only person permitted on the equipment. When loads
are moved, they must never be moved over any personnel. Walking
under a suspended load is strictly prohibited.
WORKING SAFELY ON LOADING DOCKS
Dock, Lift, and Trailer Safety
Because of the heavy traffic at the loading dock, the potential for
accidents and injuries is great. That's why safe practices at the loading
dock are critically important. The following guidelines can help you
work safely at the loading dock (and other areas of JACAMS plant and
warehouses) to prevent potential accidents, injuries, and even
disability.
Dock Safety
The dock should be kept free of obstacles and hazards such as spills.
(If spills cannot be cleaned up, they should be clearly marked.) Convex
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mirrors throughout the area can reduce blind spots and increase
visibility.
Lift Truck Safety
Never operate a lift truck unless you are specifically trained to do so.
Always wear seatbelts when operating a lift truck, regardless of how far
you're going. Operators should inspect stacked pallets before lifting to
make sure they are secure and should not lift the load more than 6-10
inches from the floor during transport. Lift trucks should meet ANSI
(American National Standards Institute) standards and must be
inspected and maintained on a regularly scheduled basis.
Trailer Safety
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) requires that
chocks be placed in front of trailer wheels to prevent vehicles from
separating from docks. Drivers should be advised of emergency brake
and jack measures as well. Many docks also use truck restraint
systems. Persons responsible for docking trailers should be trained in
the safe use and maintenance of restraint systems.
General Guidelines
Safety at the loading dock includes dock, lift truck, and trailer safety. It
also includes being aware of potential hazards (such as spills, unstable
loads, etc.) and how to correct them before an accident can occur. By
taking personal responsibility for safety, you can ensure that your
loading dock is a safe place to work.
Handling Drums, Totes & Other Containers Safely
What is manual handling?
In regards to handling drums, manual handling means lifting, lowering,
pushing, pulling, carrying, moving or holding drums of all sizes. Tasks
associated with drum, tote & other container handling may also be
associated with other manual handling risks such as shelf stacking or
moving trolleys.
Preventing manual handling injuries
Manual handling tasks are likely to be a risk to workers health and
safety.
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The following general problems and suggested solutions are examples

of how manual handling injuries may occur when handling drums and
how these can be reduced.
Potential Problem Areas. Strain injuries may occur when handling
drums, where:
Drums are stored in restricted spaces;
Drums are difficult to grip;
The drums are too heavy when other risk factors, such as the
number of drums to be moved or the distance moved, are taken
into account;
Excessive force is required to manually up-end the drums;
Excessive pushing and pulling forces are required to move the
drums;
Floor surfaces are slippery and/or uneven.
Solutions
The examples provided may need to be used in combination with each
other. Other risk control strategies, for example training, form part of
any well thought out solution.
Use cheater bars to raise drums to an upright position;
Provide and use mechanical handling equipment, e.g. forklifts;
Palletize the drums and use mechanical lifting;
Use truck mounted hoists;
Allocate sufficient space for handling the drums;
Use a drum lifter or cheater bar;
Use a hand truck;
Provide unloading ramps;
Provide and maintain even and non slip floors;
Clean up floor spills immediately;
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When team lifting is necessary, ensure a safe procedure is
agreed and followed.

Computer Monitor
It has been demonstrated that computer monitors do not
emit hazardous levels of radiation. Nonetheless,
prolonged use can lead to eye strain and sore muscles in
the back, neck and shoulders. These problems can be
controlled by minimizing glare and optimizing posture. There should be
no reflections on the screen and there should be nothing else in the
visual field which is significantly brighter than the screen. Your viewing
distance should be about 18 inches, the screen should be tilted up 1020o and you should make sure you can clearly focus on the characters.
Sit up straight with your back and forearms well supported. If you still
have problems, ask your supervisor or the HSE Manager for help.
HOUSEKEEPING
Good housekeeping means simply a place for everything and
everything in its place. We must all do our part to keep our work areas
clean and neat, not just for appearance but also to prevent accidents
associated with slips, trips and falls; the prevention of fires, and for
regulatory compliance. Suggestions for good housekeeping:
Keep your work areas clean and all aisle ways open.
Debris, equipment, and other movable objects shall be kept clear
from work areas, passageways, and stairs in and around
buildings or other structures.
Trash shall be disposed of regularly as determined by the facility.
Storage areas shall be kept free from accumulation of materials
that constitute hazards from tripping, fire, explosion or pests.
Grass and weeds shall be cut as needed and/or as required by
growth.
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Keep work areas free from spills.

Maintain access to emergency equipment, exits and escape
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routes by keeping areas clean and unobstructed at all times. Do

not allow ice, snow, water or mud to accumulate around decks,
docks, stairs, stairways and walkways.
Always keep openings covered or place guards or barricades
around them.
Separate materials to allow for recycling.
Visually inspect the work area before you undertake a job. Make
sure the work area is prepared to ensure a safe, orderly condition
when the job is being performed and also when the job is
complete.
Secure and mark tripping hazards such as hoses and electrical
cords whenever they are laid across walkways. Never lay hoses
and cords across stairways.
Use caution on icy walkways and working surfaces. Keep hands
free and out of pockets. Use railings when available.
When using material handling equipment, always inspect the area
and route of travel and remove tripping hazards beforehand.
Make sure the clearances are adequate.
Replace as needed all grating, toe boards, hole covers,
guardrails, barricades, machine guards, and warning signs.
Clean up your work area at the end of each shift or immediately
after finishing a job.
Do NOT leave equipment, tools, etc., in stairwells or on stairways
as a trip hazard.
Place waste materials in containers provided for such purposes.
Never put chemical or regulated wastes into unmarked trash
receptacles.
Immediately clean up any spills which may cause a slip hazard or
an environmental impact. Remember to call your Supervisor
immediately. If the spill is too large for you to clean up or
contain, call the HSE Manager at 620-314-9855.
LABORATORIES
Laboratory accidents can have serious results for both personnel and
property. Do not let familiarity breed complacency when handling
dangerous substances. By following these few rules, much of the
danger will be taken from laboratory work.
Experiments with chemicals are forbidden unless specifically
authorized.
Never leave an operation unattended. If you must leave, see that
someone is present to supervise the operation while you are
away. The person left in charge must be adequately instructed as
to the potential dangers, and corrective action to be taken.
Whenever there is any possibility of an operation getting out of
control, warn everybody in the vicinity.
Keep all baffles and containers labeled with the correct contents.
Watch the ventilation. Keep hazardous gases and vapors
confined to the fume hoods.
Before placing materials in waste containers or dumping their
contents, check the container markings.
Always protect the hands when inserting glass tubes into
stoppers, etc. Never use force in this operation.
Use appropriate protective clothing (e.g. gloves, goggles, safety
glasses) when handling dangerous chemicals.
Do not use laboratory containers for food storage.
Do not eat food or smoke in close proximity to chemicals.
Ensure flammable solvents are safely stored.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
In any emergency, dial the applicable emergency number (911). Also
call JACAM at (620)-278-3355 to report the incident. Be prepared to
give the Emergency Operator or dispatcher and JACAM employee the
following information and remember to STAY ON THE LINE until you
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are told that no more information is required and that help is on the
way:
The nature of the emergency
The location
Your name
Other information the operator may require.
You should become familiar with the alarms used on site and in the
community. Ask your supervisor for emergency evacuation and
tornado shelter information.
Follow voice instructions.
Outdoors tornado or severe weather: Steady siren and go to
designated shelter area.
FIRE SAFETY
You can help prevent fires by following these rules:
Maintain a neat and clean work area, preventing rubbish and
other combustible materials from accumulating. Don't hoard
boxes or crates; instead store them in specified storage areas or,
better yet, recycle them. Store flammable and combustible
materials in approved containers.
Before starting any operation involving welding, brazing, or flame
cutting outside the maintenance building, obtain a "Burn Permit"
by calling the HSE Manager.
Observe all "No Smoking" signs.
Keep experimental areas neat.
Keep flammable and combustible materials at least 18 inches
away from appliances such as coffee makers, hot plates, heaters,
and other sources of ignition.
If you see or smell a fire:
o Go to a safe place.
o Report the fire.
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o Do NOT attempt to use a portable fire extinguisher unless
you have been trained to do so.

Fire Extinguisher Types
Dry Chemical
The most common type of extinguisher at our plants and on our trucks
is the dry chemical (A,B,C) type. It can be recognized by its red
color with white waistband. The chemical powder used in this
extinguisher is suitable for fires involving flammable liquids,
gases, and live electricity fires. This extinguisher can also be
used on small surface wood and paper fires.
Stored Pressure Foam Extinguisher
Recognized by a blue colored body, these extinguishers may be filled
with a variety of foam types. Foam extinguishers are classified for
flammable liquid fires. They are NEVER TO BE USED ON
ELECTRICAL FIRES. They can be used on wood and paper fires and
will achieve varying success dependent upon foam type.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Recognized by its red colored body with black waist band. Carbon
Dioxide is a colorless and odorless gas, and SHOULD NOT BE USED
IN CONFINED AREAS. It is non-conductive and it may be used on
electrical fires. It is also successful in extinguishing flammable liquid
and gas fires and small surface wood and paper fires.
Fire Fighting
Dry Chemical fire extinguishers should always be close at hand.
WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE INVOLVING A SPILL OF
FLAMMABLE LIQUID
Get someone to radio or otherwise inform everyone in the facility.
Do not attempt to fight a fire unless you have been trained. Fight
only small fires.
Grab the nearest dry chemical extinguisher. (Thats the red one
with the white waste band.)
PuII the safety pin.
Direct nozzle towards near edge of fire starting about 10 ft. away.
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Squeeze handle and move in slowly with a rapid sweeping motion
of the nozzle, driving the fire towards the far edge until all flames
are extinguished.
If the fire appears to be out, shut off the extinguisher, wait until the
powder clears. If there is any flame, use the extinguisher again.
If the fire is out, watch for reflashes as you back away slowly.
Whenever possible, tackle fire from upwind direction.
FIRST AID
Accidents and Illnesses
All injuries, no matter how small, must receive first-aid attention at a
minimum. In the event of a serious injury or illness, contact the HSE
Manager and your local emergency facility- dial 911. Both
manufacturing facilities are within minutes of the Medical Center or
hospital. For less serious conditions, but still needing medical
attention, report to your local medical clinic. Jacam has certified/trained
many employees in CPR and First Aid. Occupationally incurred
injuries and illnesses must be reported to the HSE Manager and your
supervisor within twenty-four hours.
Burns Chemical Splashes - General
Remove employee from immediate danger.
Extinguish any burning clothes.
Place affected area under cool running water for at least 15-30
minutes.
Eye wash stations and/or showers are provided in areas that use
corrosive materials. Be familiar with the one nearest your work
area.
Obtain medical assistance as soon as possible.
All facilities have First Aid Kits readily available. Find out the location
at your facility and be familiar with its contents. All truck drivers are
required to carry weather-proof First Aid Kits in their trucks which
contain individual sealed packages of First Aid items. Truck drivers will
check First Aid kits as part of their pre-trip vehicle inspections.
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SAFE DRIVING
Working Safely When You Drive
Every time you step into a vehicle, you face a potential driving hazard.
Professional drivers, who spend the majority of their
workday behind the wheel, are at an even greater risk. Take
a few minutes to review these basic tips for driving safely
when you work. Be a safe driver, not a statistic.
Your Vehicle Is Your Tool
All workers use tools, from office equipment to industrial machinery.
Your tool is your vehicle. Treat your vehicle like you would any tool
use it with respect and keep it in good condition. Check your vehicle
frequently at least once a week (twice daily if you transport
chemicals) to be sure that brakes, accelerator, belts, radiator, oil,
battery, tires, head lamps, wipers, and brake lights are all in good
working condition. If you notice anything abnormal in the way your
vehicle sounds or operates, have it repaired immediately by a qualified
mechanic.
Drive Defensively
You can't assume that everyone on the road is as good a driver as you
are. Steer clear of drivers who swerve in and out of lanes, respond
slowly to traffic signals, or appear to be driving erratically. Pay special
attention at intersections. Wait before accelerating when a red light
turns green, never accelerate through a yellow signal, and always yield
the right of way. Pass only in designated passing zones, and only after
you've checked blind spots for clearance. Use the four-second rule for
establishing safe following distance. (When the vehicle in front of you
passes a fixed object like a signpost begin counting "one
Mississippi, two Mississippi," etc. until your vehicle reaches the same
object.) If you can't count to four before passing the same object,
you're too close.
Tune into the Weather
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Before you begin any trip, check for weather conditions along
your route. If roads are in poor condition or slick from rain or ice,
reduce your speed and proceed cautiously. Use low-gear on steep
grades or slippery surfaces. If you should skid, do not brake. Instead,
take your foot off the accelerator and turn your front wheels in the
direction that the rear of the vehicle is sliding. In dense fog or heavy
rain where visibility is bad, pull to the side of the road, if possible, and
wait until conditions improve. (Put your emergency flashers on so that
oncoming drivers can see you.) When you start to drive again, use lowbeams until the fog clears.
Cell Phone Usage
Employees shall comply with all federal, state and local laws,
regulations, and ordinances along with this policy and all other
JACAM policies related to the use of cell phones. Therefore,
employees shall not use cell phones in a manner that is prohibited
by such laws, regulations, or ordinances or any JACAM policy. If
you are unsure what activity is permitted in a particular area
where you are driving, check with the HSE Manager. Notwithstanding the preceding, employees will comply with the following
rules related to cell phone operation:
If possible, pull over and park in a safe area and keep the
doors locked when you need to make or receive a call.
When you must dial a number, dial while the car isn't
moving. Learn the location of buttons so you can dial
quickly.
Never use the phone in heavy traffic or bad weather.
Use speed dialing as much as possible. All Jacam
Carriers drivers must use a hands-free phone. Always
keep both hands on the wheel.
Always pre-program important numbers into your phone.
Never have stressful conversations while driving.
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If you have a holder for your phone, make sure the phone
is secure and will not pop out while you are driving.
Stay Alert
The best defense you have against potential accidents is your own
ability to remain alert and aware while driving. That's why alcohol,
drugs, or other medications can be lethal when you drive. They affect
your ability to concentrate and impair your reaction time which can lead
to injury, disability, and all too often, death not only of the driver, but
of innocent victims as well. If you're angry, distracted, or tired, don't get
behind the wheel youll be less able to react to potentially dangerous
situations. Be alert, be aware, and be safe thats the professional
way to drive.
TRAFFIC SAFETY
JACAM traffic regulations conform to those of the location in which
JACAM operates. For your safety and everyone else working on or
visiting the site, pay attention to your driving.
Some tips that may help:
Place both hands on the steering wheel, in the eight and four
o'clock positions, as this is now the position that is recommended
instead of ten and two. The main thing to remember is to use two
hands when driving. This allows you to steer and change hand
positions rapidly if needed.
Scan the road to take in the entire scene. This is especially
important in wooded areas where deer or other animals may dart
in front of you.
Adjust your speed according to the traffic. Accidents tend to
happen when one vehicle goes faster or slower than other traffic.
Keep appropriate distance between you and the vehicle in front of
you allowing for sufficient stopping distance.
Adjust your speed when entering a curve. Braking in a curve,
especially when the road is wet or ice- covered may cause
skidding.
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Communicate. Use your turn signals, brake lights, and even
emergency flashers to let other drivers know what you are doing.
Use your turn indicator to signal changes of direction even when
you don't see anyone else around. When slowing or stopping, tap
your brake lightly three or four times to alert the driver behind you.
Use your emergency flashers to let other drivers know that you
are experiencing some sort of an emergency.
In rain, snow, ice, and fog, reduce your speed accordingly. The
first hour after rain starts is the most hazardous as the road
surface becomes slick when rain mixes with oils on the road.
During winter months be very cautious in areas where vegetation
may block the sun and allow ice spots to remain on the road for
days.
Pedestrians have the right of way. Yield to anyone in a
crosswalk.
Disabled Vehicles: If your vehicle becomes disabled, make
every attempt to clear the roadway and notify the highway patrol
or local police. You can call 511 in most areas for road conditions
and 911 for emergencies. In Case of Accident: complete a
JACAM Vehicle Report of Accident form and send it to the HSE
Manager and the legal department.
VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY

VEHICLES AND TRAVELLING
Many fatalities occur in motor vehicle accidents and vehicle travel
produces numerous other injuries. The
most severe and obvious vehicle accidents are roll overs and head-on
collisions, which often occur because of some combination of poor
training, driver inattention, poor visibility, excessive speed, rough roads
and poor maintenance. Severe injuries also occur due to vibration or
poor seating causing long term back injuries, particularly when driving
extensively over rough roads or striking holes or rocks. Other and often
less severe injuries involve stationary vehicles, and arise during
57
jacking, winching or loading operations, with some injuries arising from

trailer hitching or unloading.
All employees will be properly trained to drive the vehicles that they are
expected to drive and in the driving conditions that they are likely to
encounter. This applies to standard, off-highway and heavy vehicles. A
maintenance routine at least equivalent to manufacturers standards
should be developed for each vehicle. In addition to training required of
other employees, Hazardous Materials haulers are required to
complete the HAZMAT training module within 90 days of employment,
substance abuse training, security awareness training and security
training. In addition to this training, CDL drivers may also be required
to complete driver basics training and hours of service training.
JACAM may periodically obtain and review motor vehicle records
(MVRs) for drivers authorized to drive company vehicles. JACAM
may also periodically inspect vehicles to ensure that all equipment
and documentation is current and in good operating condition.
Safety rules are as follows:
Vehicles will be driven only by those with a valid license and
certification for that type of vehicle and the driving involved.
All drivers of JACAM vehicles will attend defensive driving
courses, as periodically given by JACAM, along with periodic
refresher courses held as required for driver rehabilitation, at the
discretion of the HSE or Regulatory Affairs Manager.
Vehicles will always be driven sensibly, with consideration for the
comfort and safety of others.
Drivers must obey all traffic regulations and specific company
rules.
Employees will not be under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Employees will not operate vehicles or machinery if they are
taking medication (whether prescription or over-the-counter) that
may cause impairment of judgment, moodiness, delay of reaction,
drowsiness, or other conditions which may impair work
performance or increase the risk of accident.
58
Properly fastened seat belts must be worn by all occupants while
59
a vehicle is moving. Passengers must be properly seated within

the cabin of the vehicle. No riding on the back of a vehicle.
Attention must be paid to safe loading of vehicles. Overloading is
prohibited.
Using headphones, ear-buds, or ear pieces to listen to i-Pods,
CDs, radios, or any portable digital players (i.e., MP3 players,
etc.) while driving is not permitted.
Tires will be inspected for weaknesses after each episode of offroad driving. Special and lower than standard speed limits may
apply to vehicles fitted with off-road tires.
The mechanical condition of each vehicle will be checked by a
responsible person daily and weekly, (unless otherwise required
by regulation) in accordance with a specific check list and faults
recorded.
All employees will be instructed in and practice tasks such as
jacking, puncture repairs, and winching, in accordance with
standard work procedures.
Drive at a speed to suit prevailing conditions to allow the vehicle
to be stopped safely. The poor visibility/high speed/rough road
combination of hazards must be avoided.
Proceed slowly through dust clouds and be ready to avoid cattle
or any other animals and vehicles which may suddenly appear.
Do not attempt to pass a vehicle in a cloud of dust. In dusty
conditions use your headlights. A vehicle is easier to see in areas
of poor visibility (i.e., dust, smoke, fog, rain, twilight) if headlights
are on.
Plan long distance travel by road carefully and try to avoid travel
at night. Rest frequently on a long trip to avoid travel fatigue and
include a driver-reviver stop at least every two hours.
Get out of the vehicle and inspect any gully, creek crossing, or
rocky area that looks dangerous or difficult to cross.
All vehicles will be maintained in a clean, safe, and operationally
sound condition.
Check the following in accordance with manufacturers

recommendations, regulations and JACAMS policies &
procedures;
Radiator, engine oil, steering, brake, and clutch fluid levels;
Checks for leaks of any fluids;
Lights, batteries, and electrical connections;
Two-way radio and emergency equipment;
Air cleaners, radiator fins; and
Underbody.
Items in the weekly checklist should include:
Tires, wheels, wheel nuts, etc., including spares, all tools,
breakdown and emergency equipment, brakes, clutch, steering,
fan/alternator belts, etc.;
Ensure that all necessary spare parts are available when traveling
off-road or long distances such as extra spare wheel, fuses,
globes, hoses, oil, coolant, belts;
Change mechanical and electrical systems only if qualified to do
so; and
The underside of the vehicle, during and at the end of each period
of field driving and when the vehicle arrives at the first stretch of
graded road to remove any sticks, grass, or items stuck in tires of
wheels and to check for damage.
VEHICLE EQUIPMENT
It is important that the vehicle is equipped to

cope with emergencies, particularly when
traveling long distances or off-highway.
Emergencies could arise from accidents,
breakdowns, being trapped by floods, fires, or by conditions preventing
the vehicle from moving such as being bogged in mud or sand. In
extreme conditions these emergencies could be life-threatening. A list
should be made and fitted to each field vehicle showing the entire
standard safety and emergency equipment to be carried by the vehicle.
60
Recommended equipment, depending upon the intended trip, includes:

Essential vehicle spare parts;
Jacks, chocks, fire extinguisher, tools to suit the vehicle;
Two-way radios and/or cell phones with agreed radio/phone
schedules;
Dual batteries, long range fuel tanks or spare fuel suitably stored;
Accident reports and a disposable camera if you do not have a
cell phone that takes digital pictures;
Jumper leads of adequate capacity;
Winches, shovels, picks, axes, ropes and other recovery
equipment;
Emergency signaling equipment, survival kits, first aid kits;
Adequate supplies of food, water and fuel;
Current edition maps or air photos; and
Spare ignition keys.
OTHER VEHICLE SAFETY TIPS
Important Safety tips include:
Give a thought to your personal safety before you start on any
piece of work.
Do not leave the controls of a machine while it is in motion.
When trucks are backing up, ensure no-one is standing behind
them and that there is nothing in its path.
Be attentive to moving and even parked traffic around you on the
job. You do a lot of reversing on job sites.
Check each time you are about to reverse. Do not take it for
granted that there is no person or vehicle behind you.
When a machine is stationary, ensure it is fully braked. When
parking on an incline and whenever the trucks are parked at night,
safety blocks or chocks where provided must be used. Wheels
must be angled towards the curb or at right angles to incline.
61
Ensure brakes are always properly adjusted. Are the vehicles or
equipment to be used in good condition? If you are not sure, the

proper time to check is before they are used.
Depending on the job, these and many more questions should be
asked and answered satisfactorily before starting.
When parking vehicles in JACAM warehouses at the end of the
day, leave them in such a position as to allow rapid emergency
egress preferably without reversing.
Only correctly endorsed drivers may drive company vehicles.
All JACAM vehicles must be in a roadworthy condition.
JACAM plant/field vehicle operators must report all
faults/malfunctions to the Supervisor and complete daily drivers
report sheets on the condition of the vehicle.
All JACAM employees/contractors must have a 10 hour break
between shifts, except where authorized by the HSE and
Regulatory Affairs Manager.
All JACAM employees/contractors must hold the correct classes
of licenses before being permitted to drive vehicles unless under
training with a qualified person/trainer.
Where any employee/contractor has received a ticket or warning,
has been arrested, or his license has been suspended/cancelled,
such person MUST IMMEDIATELY ADVISE their Supervisor,
Manager, and Regulatory or HSE Manager.
TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

ONSITE: JACAM is a restricted-access site. JACAM is committed to
transporting hazardous material, in a manner that ensures the
protection of JACAM personnel, the surrounding communities, and the
environment. OFFSITE: The offsite transportation of hazardous
material and hazardous substances shall be done in accordance with
applicable Federal and Department of Transportation regulations.
Contact Steve Borgen for more information.
H2S AREAS
62
Hydrogen Sulfide or sour gas (H2S) is a flammable, colorless gas that

is toxic at extremely low concentrations. It is heavier than air, and may
accumulate in low-lying areas. It smells like "rotten eggs" at low
concentrations and causes you to quickly lose your sense of smell.
Many areas where the gas is found have been identified, but pockets
of the gas can occur anywhere.
No JACAM employee is permitted to enter an area where H2S
exists or is suspected to exist without prior and current training by
a qualified instructor. Training is good for two years. All JACAM
employees are required to wear a personal hydrogen sulfide
monitor with audible and visual alarms in areas where there is the
potential for hydrogen sulfide levels to be greater than ten (10)
parts per million (ppm). Alarms will be set at 10 and 15 ppm.
Employees will leave areas in which the H2S concentration
exceeds 15 ppm. All monitors will be calibrated pursuant to the
manufacturers specifications. All calibrations will be documented
and retained on file by the HSE Manager. No JACAM employee is
permitted to enter any area in which the H2S concentrations are
known or suspected to be greater than 15 ppm. An employee may
work in areas in which the concentration of H2S is greater than 10
ppm but is 15 ppm or less provided that he is not exposed more
than 15 minutes with a 60 minute rest period between exposures.
Exposure at this level should be limited to four times per day.
Employees are not permitted to open any tank, line, flange, etc.
which may release hydrogen sulfide to the atmosphere.
SOURCES OF H2S
H2S is a gas which occurs in natural gas, crude oil, condensate
and produced water. H2S can be found at oil and gas drilling,
work over and producing locations, within pipelines or in confined
spaces such as excavation, production tanks, frac tanks, or mud
tanks.
63
PROPERTIES OF H2S
The following tables show the various properties of H2S.
PROPERTY
Color
Odor
Vapor
Density
Flammability
Explosive
Limits
Ignition
Temperature
Liquid
Soluble
64
H2S
Colorless
Odor of rotten eggs in lower concentrations.
1.189 (Air = 1.0) H2S is heavier than air.
Forms explosive mixtures with air or oxygen.
4.3 to 46 percent by volume in air. (Very
Wide Limit!)
500 F (Cigarette burns at 1,400 F.)
Yes (4 volumes gas to 1 volume of H2O at
32 F.)
CONCENTRATION
PHYSICAL EFFECTS
Percent PPM Grains/100 std.

(%)
ft
@ 15.00 psia
and 60 F
0.0001 1
0.0636
Minimal perceptible odor.
0.001
10
0.65
Eye irritation. Unpleasant odor.
OSHA PEL.
When working in concentrations over 10 PPM, respiratory protection
shall be worn.
0.01
100 6.48
Kills smell in 3 to 15 minutes. May
sting eyes/throat.
0.02
200 12.96
Immediate loss of smell. Burns eyes
and throat.
0.05
500 32.96
Dizziness. Respiratory disturbances
in 2 to 5 minutes.
0.07
700 45.36
Unconscious quickly. Breathing will
stop.
0.10
1000 64.80
Unconscious at once. Death within
minutes.
H2S DETECTION METHODS

There are several ways you can be alerted to the presence of H2S
gas. Your nose is usually the first to notice the presence of H2S
and, unfortunately, the most unreliable. You cannot rely on your
nose to tell you how much H2S is present. To determine the
amount of H2S present in a work area, we use personal detectors
65
that continuously monitor for H2S, warn of its presence and give a
read out of the H2S concentration. Detectors shall be tested
before each use and calibrated as needed and on a regular basis.
SAFE WORK PRACTICES
In a work area where H2S is suspected or known to exist:
The buddy system should be used.
Employees should be aware of the wind direction and
approach the equipment from upwind. On many locations wind
direction may be observed by observing a windsock.
An H2S monitor should be used.
Breathing air equipment must be used if employees will be
exposed to concentrations over the OSHA PEL. (Refer to the
Respiratory Protection H2S Guidelines)
Precautions should be taken when approaching low areas such
as ditches, ravines, inside firewalls, etc. and H2S tends to
collect in such places.
Extreme precautions should be used when working around the
vents and thief hatches of tanks containing sour crude oil,
condensate and/or produced water.
Remember that H2S is liberated from a liquid as that liquid is
heated or agitated.
RESCUE AND FIRST AID

If personnel have gone down in a known or suspected H2S area:
CALL FOR HELP OR BACK-UP PERSONNEL.
Put on breathing air equipment before attempting a rescue.
Remove the victim immediately to an upwind location with
plenty of fresh air.
If trained to do so, administer rescue breathing and CPR as
needed.
66
FILLING STORAGE DRUMS, BULK TANKS AND OTHER

CONTAINERS.
Wherever possible these operations should be performed with fixed
piping and pump installations. When a flexible hose has to be used to
pump in over the top without the use of fixed tank fittings, then the
hose must be securely clamped in position prior to filling. Before filling
make sure there is no foreign matter, solvent, water or emulsion in the
tank which may cause boiling, frothing or overflow. All pumping
equipment must be clean and clear prior to the pump being started.
Static leads must be attached between the source vessel and the
delivery vessel whenever flammable liquids are being pumped to
prevent static electricity.
ONLY AUTHORIZED TRAINED PERSONNEL MAY BE INVOLVED IN
THE LOADING AND UNLOADING OF STORAGE TANKS, BULK
TANKS AND VESSELS.
PREVENTING COLD STRESS
Protecting Against Hypothermia
When your body temperature drops even a few degrees below normal
(which is about 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit), you can begin to shiver
uncontrollably, become weak, drowsy, disoriented, unconscious, and
even fatally ill. This loss of body heat is known as "cold stress" or
hypothermia. Persons who work outdoors, or who enjoy outdoor
activities should learn about how to protect against loss of body heat.
The following guidelines can help you keep your body warm and avoid
the dangerous consequences of hypothermia.
The four environmental conditions that cause cold-related stress are
low temperatures, high/cool winds, dampness and cold water. Wind
chill, a combination of temperature and velocity, is a crucial factor to
evaluate when working outside. For example, when the actual air
temperature of the wind is 40F and its velocity is 35 mph, the exposed
skin receives conditions equivalent to the still-air temperature of 28F!
67
A dangerous situation of rapid heat loss may arise for any individual
exposed to high winds and cold temperatures.
Major Risk Factors for Cold-Related Stresses
Wearing inadequate or wet clothing increases the effects of cold
on the body.
Taking certain drugs or medications such as alcohol, nicotine,
caffeine, and medication that inhibits the body's response to the
cold or impairs judgment.
Having a cold or certain diseases, such as diabetes, heart,
vascular, and thyroid problems, may make a person more
susceptible to the winter elements.
Being male increases a person's risk to cold-related stresses.
Sad, but true, men experience far greater death rates due to cold
exposure than women, perhaps due to inherent risk-taking
activities, body-fat composition or other physiological differences.
Becoming exhausted or immobilized, especially due to injury or
entrapment, may speed up the effects of cold weather.
Aging the elderly are more vulnerable to the effects of harsh
winter weather.
Dress In Layers
Outdoors, indoors, in mild weather or in cold, it pays to dress in layers.
Layering your clothes allows you to adjust what you're wearing to suit
the temperature conditions. In cold weather, wear cotton,
polypropylene, or lightweight wool next to the skin, and wool layers
over your undergarments. In warm weather, stick to loose-fitting cotton
clothing. For outdoor activities, choose outer garments made of
waterproof, wind resistant fabrics such as nylon. And, since a great
deal of body heat is lost through the head, always wear a hat for added
protection.
Keep Dry
68
Water chills your body far more rapidly than air or wind. Even in the
heat of summer, falling into a 40 degree lake can be fatal in a matter of
minutes. Always take along a dry set of clothing whenever you are
working outdoors. Wear waterproof boots in damp or snowy weather,
and always pack raingear (even if the forecast calls for sunny skies)
Take a Companion
The effects of hypothermia can be gradual, and often go unnoticed
until it's too late. If you know you'll be outdoors for an extended period
of time, take along a companion if possible. (At the very least, let
someone know where you'll be and at what time you expect to return.)
Ask your companion to check you frequently for overexposure to the
cold do the same for your companion. Check for shivering, slurred
speech, mental confusion, drowsiness, and weakness. If either of you
shows any of the above signs, get indoors as soon as possible and
warm up.
Warmth and Understanding
The key ingredients to preventing loss of body heat are staying warm,
and understanding what you can do to protect against conditions that
can cause hypothermia. Hypothermia can be fatal, but it can also be
prevented.
Pay special attention to protecting feet, hands, face and head. Up
to 40 percent of body heat can be lost when the head is exposed.
Footgear should be insulated to protect against cold and
dampness.
Keep a change of clothing available in case work garments
become wet.
Recognize the environmental and workplace conditions that may
be dangerous.
Learn the signs and symptoms of cold-induced illnesses and
injuries and what to do to help workers.
Wear proper clothing for cold, wet and windy conditions, including
layers that can be adjusted to changing conditions.
In extreme conditions take a frequent short break in warm dry
shelters or vehicles to allow you to warm up.
69
Try to schedule work for the warmest part of the day.

Avoid exhaustion or fatigue because energy is needed to keep
muscles warm.
Drink warm, sweet beverages (sugar water, sports-type drinks)
and avoid drinks with caffeine (coffee, tea, sodas or hot
chocolate) or alcohol.
Eat warm, high-calorie foods such as hot pasta dishes.
Remember, you face increased risks when taking certain
medications, if you are in poor physical condition or suffer from
illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension or cardiovascular
disease.
HEAT STRESS
Environmental factors
Four environmental factors affect the amount of stress a worker faces
in a hot work area: temperature, humidity, radiant heat (such as from
the sun or a furnace) and air velocity. Perhaps most important to the
level of stress an individual faces are personal characteristics such as
age, weight, fitness, medical condition and acclimatization to the heat.
The body cannot dispose of excess heat, it will store it. When this
happens, the body's core temperature rises and the heart rate
increases. As the body continues to store heat, the individual begins to
lose concentration and has difficulty focusing on a task, may become
irritable or sick and often loses the desire to drink. The next stage is
most often fainting and death is possible if the person is not removed
from the heat stress.
Preventing Heat Stress
Most heat-related health problems can be prevented or the risk of
developing them reduced. Following a few basic precautions
should lessen heat stress. Employees will be given access to
shade in their vehicles or a covered building during high heat
days. All Supervisors will be trained in preventing heat
related illnesses prior to supervising employees.
70
Drinking Water. In the course of a day's work in the heat, a worker

may produce as much as 2 to 3 gallons of sweat. Because so many
heat disorders involve excessive dehydration of the body, it is essential
that water intake during the workday be about equal to the amount of
sweat produced. Most workers exposed to hot conditions drink fewer
fluids than needed because of an insufficient thirst drive. A worker,
therefore, should not depend on thirst to signal when and how much to
drink. Instead, the worker should drink 5 to 7 ounces of fluids every 15
to 20 minutes to replenish the necessary fluids in the body. There is no
optimum temperature of drinking water, but whatever the temperature
of the water, it must be potable and readily available to the worker.
Individual drinking cups should be provided, never use a common
drinking cup. All JACAM field employees are provided with a 2 gallon
water jug. If you dont have one, contact the HSE Department.
Training
Heat acclimatized workers lose much less salt in their sweat than do
workers who are not adjusted to the heat. If, for some reason, salt
replacement is required, the best way to compensate for the loss is to
add a little extra salt to the food. Supervisors will be trained in Jacams
heat illness emergency response procedures and basic First Aid.
The following suggestions will also help to lessen the risk of heat
stress.
Dont wear dark, tight fitting clothes
Dont eat heavy meals before working in the heat
Take breaks in cool areas
Reduce work pace or load, work at a steady pace
Cover as much of your body as possible.
Don't drink alcohol or drinks with caffeine.
Know and react to symptoms of heat related health problems.
Supervisors must take personal factors into consideration before
assigning jobs when there is a possibility of a heat related illness
occurring.
71
PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

JACAM is committed to maintaining or improving the quality of
community life by controlling the release of harmful materials, as well
as by the conservation of natural resources located on site. Areas
where chemicals may be used or stored must be maintained using
good housekeeping and best management practices. This includes,
but is not limited to, cleaned and organized storage, proper labeling,
and secondary containment where necessary. An estimation of any
waste, trash, or scrap will be conducted prior to any work being
performed. If any waste or scrap is created on customer sites, the
Account Manager or Truck Driver will be responsible for coordinating
with the site owner for proper disposal and removal of all material. To
minimize the potential for a spill, all chemicals should be stored in the
proper type of container. Containers should be closed when not in use
and stored so they are not exposed to stormwater whenever possible.
As such, JACAMs environmental statement is: Zero spills, zero
releases, zero incidents, and zero excuses. Leave the earth better than
you received it. We, therefore, encourage you to:
Examine equipment for leaks.
Drive in a safe and responsible manner.
Avoid pipes and storage equipment when delivering equipment.
Inspect all chemical delivery equipment according to company
procedures.
Clean up all spills immediately.
Report all leaking valves or pipes.
Prevent all spills especially those near drains, creeks and rivers.
Follow JACAM loading and unloading procedures.
Report excessively noisy equipment.
Dispose of all rubbish in proper ways.
Keep all areas clean and tidy.
Be aware of excessive air emissions.
More specifically all employees must adhere to the following
procedures:
72
All facility managers shall ensure that internal organizational plans

and procedures are maintained to implement and comply with the
Federal, State, and Local environmental laws and regulations.
Training
All personnel involved in handling or transporting hazardous
chemicals, scrap, trash or waste materials are required to
undergo a training and certification program related to the safe
handling and disposal of these materials, including spill
prevention and response procedures. Supervisors are responsible
for ensuring that their employees complete the appropriate
training. The training will include materials available for use,
proper waste disposal, and communication procedures.
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
(HAZWOPER) (29 CFR 1910.120). Employees designated to
participate in emergency response operations or site remediation
will be trained and certified before taking part in actual emergency
operations and must receive annual refresher training. Annual
refresher training is provided to meet OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120
requirements. This training will include immediate safe handling
and storage practices of any waste, scrap, or leftover materials.
Employees are trained to recognize that proper PPE and any
other precautions to be taken are identified on the Safety Data
Sheets for all Jacam products. Records of training and
certification shall be retained by JACAM for at least 5 years.
Pollution Prevention Training.
All personnel shall have access to voluntary pollution prevention
training provided by the HSE Manager. This training will be selfpaced, self-explanatory, and will increase employee awareness of
pollution prevention goals and opportunities.
Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures Training.
All plant and field employees shall attend an annual spill
prevention briefing provided by the HSE Manager. These
briefings will cover the following: loading and unloading
procedures; site drainage; spill response procedures; applicable
73
pollution control laws and regulations; known spill events or

failures, malfunctioning storage components, and precautionary
measures.
Hazardous Materials (HM) Compliance
The EPCRA of 1986 establishes requirements regarding
emergency planning and "Community Right-to-Know" reporting on
hazardous and toxic chemicals. Section 311 requires facilities that
have SDSs for chemicals held above certain quantities to submit
either copies of their SDSs or a list of SDS chemicals to the State
Emergency Response Commission, the local emergency planning
committee, and the local fire department. Any wastes or scrap
materials will be properly stored in appropriate containers in an
orderly fashion to prevent any potential impact to the surrounding
environment. JACAM maintains an inventory of chemicals
used/stored on-site for reporting the annual chemical inventory
and toxic release inventory to EPA, ADEM, and other regulatory
agencies
Chemical Spills/Response
All spills shall be immediately reported to JACAMs Sterling office
(whether on JACAM property or offsite) since EPCRA facilities
must immediately notify the local emergency planning committee
and the State Emergency Response Commission if there is a
release to the environment of a hazardous substance that is equal
to or exceeds the minimum Reportable Quantity set in the
regulations. This requirement covers 356 extremely hazardous
substances and more than 700 hazardous substances subject to
the emergency notification requirements under CERCLA Section
103(a)(40 CFR 302.4). A written follow-up notice must be
submitted to the local emergency planning committee and the
State Emergency Response Commission as soon as possible
after the release. The follow-up notice must update information
included in the initial notice and provide information on actual
response actions taken and advice regarding medical attention
necessary for citizens exposed. All chemical spills shall be
cleaned up immediately after occurrence to ensure the safety of
74
employees and to protect the environment. All facilities shall

maintain spill kits. Spill kits should include the appropriate
supplies for materials that may be spilled. Supplies must be
easily accessible when required, and considerations must be
made for both the type and quantity of materials.
In case of a spill, the facility managers shall:
Evaluate whether the spill can be cleaned up internally.
Begin immediate cleanup of small spills of known type and
quantity; call the Sterling office for assistance, if necessary.
For all other spills, including small spills of unknown type, all
dangerous chemical spills, and all large spills, call your
immediate Supervisor or the HSE Manager. Facilities shall
implement their Emergency Plan.
Clean up spill and ensure proper disposal of waste materials
from small spills. Notify the HSE Manager of all spills
regardless of size, such that a determination will be made
whether the spill exceeds a reportable quantity as defined in
40 Code of Federal regulations 300.
Submit an Incident Report depending on the severity of the
spill and an HSE Accident Investigaiton report.
Pollution Prevention
Pollution prevention is the most cost-effective approach to
environmental management. If any wastes are created on a
customers site they should always be segregated to help ensure
opportunities for reuse or recycling. Empty containers and unused chemicals can be recycled by returning them to the
manufacturing facility. By reducing the use of toxic chemicals,
pollution prevention improves worker health and safety, protects
the environment, helps maintain facility compliance with
environmental regulations, and saves money. JACAMs goal is to
meet Federal requirements to reduce the release and off-site
transfer of hazardous chemicals without jeopardizing its mission.
Pollution prevention includes source elimination or reduction,
75
material replacement or substitution, affirmative procurement,

recycling, and conservation of fuel, energy, and water.
76
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Name:
Michael Mims
12/20/13 (m/d/yy)
Date:
Signature ID: D5578M5GA-5C8E4XS4E
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Jacam HSE Handbook 2013 | Michael Mims | Esign ID: D5578M5GA-5C8E4XS4E | Esigned Date: 12/20/13 | Page: 1 of 81

JACAM HEALTH, SAFETY

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

SIGNS AND TAGS ...

GAS AND VESSEL SAFETY .

WELDING AND CUTTING OPERATIONS ...

OXYGEN DEFICIENCY HAZARDS

VAPORS IN HIGH CONCENTRATION

MACHINERY AND MACHINE TOOLS..

PORTABLE POWER TOOL SAFETY.......

YOUR BACK & LIFTING .

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT.......

WORKING SAFELY ON LOADING DOCKS

VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS.

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY..

VEHICLE EQUIPMENT ...

OTHER VEHICLE SAFETY TIPS ..

TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL ..

H2S AREAS ......

FILLING STORAGE DRUMS, BULK TANKS

PREVENTING COLD STRESS ..

PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

Revised January 2007

Revised June, 2010

Revised Mar, 2013

Revised October 2008

Revised July 2010

Revised April 2009

Revised April 2011

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

HSE EMPLOYEE HANDBOOK

JACAM strives for a perfect safety, health and environmental record.

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

complaint of a safety violation may be filed with the HSE Manager.

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

V:\HSE\Safety Programs\HSEHANDBOOK March, 2013

by your supervisor and the HSE Manager. Another employee

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15. All machines must be stopped, locked out, and a do not

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Here is a list of most of the safety courses applicable to people working

Induction of Contractors and Sub Contractors

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there. It is important that all buildings be kept locked when not

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Employees must immediately report all accidents, incidents and near

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Talk to your supervisor or HSE Manager if you have questions

regarding the chemical, how to work with it properly or what to do

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Ensure all storage areas are clearly labeled.

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handling materials such as lumber, metal beams, other materials in

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1. Be alert to the eye hazards present at your worksite.