IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 10 | April 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and

Critical Study of its Foundations
M Ragini B.Naidu
PG Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur

Dr. S. D. Bhole
Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur

Abstract
The paper presents the study of building foundations of reinforced concrete multistoreyed buildings for G+5, G+10, G+15
designed for seismic forces in the various seismic zones of Indian subcontinent with varying SBC 100KN/m2, 150KN/m2,
200KN/m2.. The foundation types considered are; isolated footings, raft foundations under different allowable bearing pressure
values of the supporting soils. The study provides the requirement of structural quantities of the building in different seismic
zones. The result of the study is useful for the design professionals and cost engineers during early stages of design development
and cost planning. The study also highlights the achievable economy in foundation costs through proper evaluation of allowable
bearing pressure of soils through adequate geotechnical investigations of the building sites.
Keywords: Reinforced Concrete, Building Foundations, Quantity model, Seismic Design
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

Building foundation, as an interface structural component between the building and the supporting ground, perform the important
function of transmitting the building loads including the wind and earthquake effects to the supporting soil strata without its
shear failure or excessive settlements. At sites with potential for soil liquefaction under earthquake motions, appropriate
measures in terms of suitable selection and design of foundations and/or ground improvement techniques are considered based
on detailed geotechnical investigations. The selection of suitable foundation systems for multi-storied buildings are governed by
several factors like; building loads, wind and earthquake effects, ground profile and water table conditions, chemically
aggressive ground conditions, allowable bearing pressure of soils at different depths, provision of basement stories, proximity to
adjoining buildings and other project specific requirements.
For medium rise multi-storied developments with reinforced concrete framed superstructure, depending upon the building
loads and allowable bearing pressure of soils, foundations with isolated footings under the individual columns or raft/mat
foundations covering the entire footprint of the building are adopted.The paper presents the quantity of building material of
building foundations of reinforced concrete
A multi-storied building G+5. G+10,G+15 are designed for seismic forces in the various seismic zones(zone II,zone III, zone
IV, zone V) of Indian subcontinent and compared the quantity of reinforced concrete in various zone. The foundation types
considered are; isolated footings and raft foundation with different allowable bearing pressure values of the supporting soils.The
results of the study are useful for the design professionals and cost engineers during early stages of design development and cost
planning. The study also highlights the achievable economy in foundation costs through proper evaluation of allowable bearing
pressure of soils through adequate geotechnical investigations of the building sites.
Objective of this paper
-

Methods of Seismic Analysis of tall RCC building

Variation in design parameters by provision of foundation in the RCC building
Comparisons in the values of design parameters for different foundation
Propose the structurally most efficient foundation for the multi-storey RCC building
II. WORK CARRIED OUT

A G+5, G+10, G+15 floors reinforced concrete building analysis is carried out using STAAD Pro V8i software. The lateral loads
to be applied on the buildings are based on the Indian Standard. Building is analysed according to IS456-2008 and earthquake
loading is applied as per the recommendation of IS 1893-2002.The study is performed for seismic zone II,III,IV,V as per IS
1893-2002 and foundation design is carried out for all zone with varying SBC 100KN/m2, 150KN/m2 and 200KN/m2.

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

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Sr No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
10
11
12
13

Table 1
Details of model data of the building
Description
Parameter
Depth of foundation
2.0 m
No. of stories
G +5,G+10,G+15
Type of building use
Residential
Floor to Floor height
3.0m
Seismic zone
II,III,IV,V
Unit wt. of masonry wall
20 kN/m3
Thickness of slab
120 mm
Thickness of outer wall
230mm
Thickness of outer wall
115mm
Type of steel
Fe-415
Grade of concrete
M-25

Fig. 1: Plan of proposed structural frame

Modelling:
Building frame with the following geometrical types are considered for analysis in 4 different seismic zones (Zone II, Zone III,
Zone IV and Zone V) for seismic and gravity loading in each configurations of frames.

Fig. 2: elevation of G+5 building

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 137)

Fig. 3: Elevation of G+10 building

III. RESULT
Area of Steel Required for Isolated Footing for Different Sbc in G+5 Building:
ZONE
II
III
IV
V

SBC=100 KN/m2
AREA OF STEEL in mm2
163072.41
201810.93
246430.19
247904.96

SBC=150 KN/m2
AREA OF STEEL in mm2
127518.17
162831.27
192383.51
199920.29

SBC=200 KN/m2
AOS mm2
103733.22
144659.30
160357.01
174571.48

reduction %
27.8817
23.9386
28.0931
24.0019

reduction %
57.2036
39.5077
53.6759
42.0077

Area of Steel Required for Isolated and Raft Foundation for Sbc 100kn/M2:
ZONES
II
III
IV
V

AREA OF STEEL of isolated footing in mm2

163072.4146
201810.9346
246430.1984
247904.9623

AREA OF STEEL of raft(mm2)

131163.1773
161271.1285
163787.3074
166613.1702

REDUCTION %
24.32789294
25.13767127
50.45744525
48.79073605

Fig. 4: Comparison between raft and Isolated Footing

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

quantity of conc in m3
144.250375
172.906625
178.578
184.175625

INCREASE %
19.86563293
23.79725183
27.67774434

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 137)

Fig. 5: Comparison with Different SBC

Quantity of Concrete in Raft Foundtion for G+5:

Fig. 6: Quantity of Concrete for G+5

Quantity of Concrete in Raft Foundtion For G+10

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

quantity of conc in m3
228.2468
228.2468
228.9578
242.1698

INCREASE %
0
0.31150498
6.09997733

Fig. 7: Quantity of Concrete for G+10

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 137)

Quantity of Concrete in Raft Foundtion for G+15:

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

quantity of conc in m3
276.0679
285.2929
301.044
321.714

INCREASE %
3.341569532
9.047095755
16.53438489

Fig. 8: Concrete Quantity in M3 for G+15

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

QUANTITY
OF CONC
127.7622
201.624
238.2306
295.1913

Quantity of Concrete in Isolated Footing for G+5 Sbc 150n/Mm2:

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

QUANTITY OF CONC
91.623
150.5354
177.8375
230.0202

Quantity of Concrete in Isolated:

Fig. 10: Quantity of Concrete for G+15 sbc-100N/mm2

FOOTING FOR G+5 SBC 200N/mm2

ZONE
II
III
IV
V

QUANTITY OF CONC
71.7093
126.3104
154.1572
183.6465

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 137)

Fig. 11: Quantity of Concrete for G+5 sbc-150N/mm2

Fig. 12: Quantity of Concrete for G+5 sbc-200N/mm2

IV. OBSERVATIONS & CONCLUSIONS

-

Steel required for Isolated footing is increasing as zone is increasing for different storey
For sbc=100N/mm2, steel required for isolated footing is increased 24% for zone 3, 51% for zone 4, 52% for zone 5 in
compare to zone2.
For sbc=150N/mm2, steel required for isolated footing is increased 28% for zone 3, 51% for zone 4, 57% for zone 5 in
compare to zone2.
For sbc=200N/mm2, steel required for isolated footing is increased 39% for zone 3, 59% for zone 4, 68% for zone 5 in
compare to zone2.
As sbc is inreasing from 100N/mm2 to 150N/mm2 the percentage of steel required is decreasing about 25%.
As sbc is inreasing from 100N/mm2 to 200N/mm2 the percentage of steel required is decreasing about 50%.
Area of steel required for raft foundation G+5 is incrasing by 23% for zone 3, 25% for zone 4, 27% for zone 5 in comapare
to zone 2.
Area of steel required for raft foundation G+10 is incrasing by 2% for zone 4, 15% for zone 5 in comapare to zone 2.
Area of steel required for raft foundation G+15 is incrasing by 2% for zone 3, 3% for zone 4, 15% for zone 5 in comapare to
zone 2.
It has been noted that area of steel for raft foundation is less than isolated footing.
There is 25% reduction in area for zone 2, zone 3 and approximate 50% reduction in area for for zone 4, zone 5.
The quantity of concrete for isolated footing is increases as zone is changing from zone 2 to zone 5
The quantity of concrete for isolated footing is reduces as the sbc is increses from 100n/mm2 to 200n/mm2.
The quantity of concrete for raft foundation is increses as zone is changing from zone 2 to zone
REFERENCES

[1]
[2]

V.Thiruvengadam J.C.Wason Lakshmi Gayathri,Cost Modeling Of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Designed For Seismic Effects 13th World Conference
On Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 1956
V. Thiruvengadam, J. C. Wason and K. I. Praseeda,Cost Modeling Of Foundations Of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Designed For Seismic Effects ,
13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancour, B. C., Canada, Paper No: 1956

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Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storied Building and Critical Study of its Foundations

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 137)
[3]
[4]

S.K. Ahirwar, S.K. Jain And M. M. Pande, Earthquake Loads On Multistorey Buildings As Per Is: 1893-1984 And Is: 1893-2002: A Comparative Study
The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China.
Kulkarni J.G., Kore P. N., S. B. Tanawade,Analysis of Multi-storey Building Frames Subjected to Gravity and Seismic Loads with Varying Inertia
International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2,

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