PED Help

PED Help : Version 1.
1
For full text refer to 97/23/EC (PED)
Produced by N.Tijou + B.Roberts
Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)

PED Equipment - The next steps
What do I have to do to produce pressure equipment to the PED ?
The procedure for certifying pressure equipment to the PED is the same for all pressure
equipment, be it pressure vessels, boilers, piping, safety accessories or pressure accessories.
The following steps should be taken :(1) Determine what type of equipment you have (i.e. Vessel, Boiler or Piping) and
define contents (i.e. Gas or Liquid, Dangerous or Non-Dangerous)
(2) Determine the PED Category for your equipment, which depends on type of
equipment, pressure, volume and contents. The sections in PED explorer define
what constitues a dangerous and non dangerous fluid. Full information is given in
the directive.
(3) Determine which module(s) you will use. The PED gives a choice of modules for
each category. Information on which module may be most suitable for you is given
in the conformity assessment procedure modules sheet.
(4) Fill in the RSACS Application form and send to Royal & SunAlliance, RSACS will
advise fees for conformity assessment to the PED, Set up contract.
(5) Determine exactly how the equipment will be used. This is essential to help produce
the hazard analysis and operating instructions
(6) Produce Hazard Analysis - see Hazard analysis sheet
(7) Justify how Essential Safety Requirements listed within the PED have been met
see comparison of ESR to PD 5500 / ASME VIII sheet for guidance.
(8) Produce operating instructions for equipment, detail hazards which have not been
designed out
(9) Produce Particular Material Appriasal for materials used - list grades etc. .as
applicable - see sheet on materials for guidance
(10) Send (6), (7), (8), (9) Drawings, calculations and other relevant information to RSACS
for review
(11) RSACS will detail inspection requirements. Manufacture + Test equipment
(12) On completion of vessel produce Declaration of conformity, Send to RSACS.
(13) Produce Technical Dossier for inspector to review.
(14) RSACS will produce relevant reports and certificates for PED conformity
Affix "CE Mark" and "0040" (RSACS notified body number) for applicable modules
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Royal & Sun Alliance Certification Services

Royal & SunAlliance is a Notified Body for various European Directives
including the
Pressure equipment directive
The lifts directive
The machinery directive
simple pressure vessel directive
The company is also an accredited Certification Body for ISO 9000

series quality systems.
At Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services, we provide a comprehensive
service to all our clients.
Benefits associated through using our services include:
Thorough technical knowledge

Experience of products, systems and processes
Reputation in Europe, USA and other countries
Ability to influence thinking at regional, national and
international levels
Competent field force strategically located close to
manufacturing and service centres
Use of modern technology
Particular benefits to our customers:
Entry to European Markets where there are Regulatory Requirements for free trade
and Essential (Health) and Safety Requirements
Ability to meet your customers requirements at pre-tender, contract and delivery phases
CE Marking of products and Global Conformity Assessment
Basic level of systems to build on
Managing responsibilities to your customers and stakeholders
Efficiency and cost benefits
For more information please contact :Dr. Ed Haynes

Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services
17 York Street
Manchester. M2 3RS. UK
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
Email : edward.j.haynes@uk.royalsun.com
Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - Consultancy Services
Royal & SunAlliance can advise on every aspect of product conformity from design checking, using our
in-house calculation programs and finite element analysis, to inspection and quality assurance.
Our conformity assessment service involves reviewing the design and construction of items of industrial
plant to recognised codes of practice. The service assesses the suitability of new equipment in relation
to the latest legislation.
Royal & SunAlliance has considerable expertise in auditing systems for compliance with both stated and
intended purposes and our consultants take a pragmatic approach to satisfying client requirements.
A question of confidence
The purpose of the conformity assessment is to provide confidence to purchasers and suppliers that
plant and machinery is safe to operate and conforms to any legislative requirements.
Product conformity advice may be routine or technically complex depending on client needs. We
understand that product conformity can have a major impact on a company's ability to deliver its product on
time. That's why our technical consultants are on hand to guide our clients through what can be a potential
minefield of legislation.
Payback on investment in equipment relies on new plant and machinery being completed on time and within
budget, while meeting quality, safety and environmental protection standards. Just one piece missing in the
jigsaw could mean financial disaster.
This combination of complex contractual specifications, statutory requirements, product conformance and
the need to source manufactured items from different locations can make this process extremely
challenging.
Highly Trained Personnel
All our personnel are trained to the highest national and international standards and work to rigorous
management systems using the very latest computer technology. Our product conformity services are
currently used by many different industries ranging from the power industry (nuclear, fossil, and renewable)
to petrochemicals, defence, and even the space industry.
Organisations that use our services to carry out conformity assessments also benefit from our many
accreditations which authorise us to inspect equipment worldwide.
For more information please contact :Kevin Shelton
Royal & SunAlliance Engineering
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3108
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
Email : kevin.shelton@uk.royalsun.com
Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - ASME Services (BEI)

Authorised Inspection Services
Legislation in the USA and Canada stipulates that pressure

equipment must comply with the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) ,
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Royal & SunAlliance can provide expert advice and guidance
to manufacturers in achieving ASME accreditation, so as to
allow for export of their plant and machinery to America and
Canada
Royal & SunAlliance's BE Inspection (BEI) unit is an
Authorised Inspection Agency carrying out surveillance to the
ASME code. A dedicated team of inspectors and supervisors
are strategically positioned throughout the UK and Europe to
assist customers. Our team work closely with manufacturers
to develop their Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Systems; providing consultancy services and mandatory
Code inspections in relation to production.
Royal & SunAlliance provide:-
Authorised Inspection Services throughout Europe, USA and parts of Asia

ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel code consultancy advice and Quality Program implementation
support
Access to a pool of qualified personnel for nuclear and orthodox pressure equipment
Regular ASME code updates through our SCAN publication
Preparatory assistance and support for ASME surveys
For more information please contact :Peter Dougherty

Royal & SunAlliance Engineering (BEI)
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3169
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
Email : peter.dougherty@uk.royalsun.com
Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - Loss Control Services

Royal & SunAlliance offer a comprehensive and fully integrated range of :NDT
Mechanical Testing
Welding Certification Services
Failure Investigations
Health & Safety Cosultancy
Based in Manchester, our UKAS accredited NDT and Mechanical Testing Laboratories are fully equipped
to meet Industry demands and enjoy the support of Metallurgists, Chemists, Non-Destructive Testing and
Design consultants within Engineering Consultancy.
These services are now more accessible with the introduction of our free nation-wide collection facility.
When plant fails, it is essential to identify the cause of the problem and to take steps to ensure the failure
does not happen again.
Royal & SunAlliance offers a range of services designed to support a client's Loss Control strategies.
These include laboratory, consultancy and investigation services on metallurgical and chemical failures for
a wide range of industrial plant and equipment.
Benefits of using Royal & SunAlliance
Free test piece collection from premises
No requirement for Surveyor witness of tests
Qualified NDT consultants, Metallurgists and Welding Engineers
Find out more about how we can help you :Non-Destructive Testing consultancy
Mechanical Testing
Thermographic Imaging and Analysis
Weld Procedure and Welder Qualification Certification
Other Laboratory Services
Failure Investigation and Consultancy
Routine Laboratory and On-Site Services
Remanent Life Assessments and On-Site Metallography
Advice on Specific Welding Problems and Weld Procedures
Corrosion Investigation and Testing
Water Treatment Investigations
On-Site Scale Thickness Measurement
Routine Chemical Analysis
For more information please contact :Eddie Rowland
Royal & SunAlliance Engineering (BEI)
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3705
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
Email : eddie.rowland@uk.royalsun.com
Engineering Insurance
As the UK's leading engineering insurance and inspection company, we're dedicated to providing you
your customers with the very best in insurance products and services, with built-in flexibility to match all
customer requirements.
If you need to discuss an insurance matter, our expert team of underwriters is always on hand to give extra
guidance. Talk to them directly over the phone.
We also deal with claims in the same friendly efficient way. Our dedicated claims team has the resources
to sort out all your enquiries. Just ring and ask them.
Our Engineering products include;
Engineering Machinery and Plant Inspection
Insurance and Inspection for machinery and plant

Contractors' Plant & Equipment
Insurance for owners and hirers of construction and plant
Contractors' All Risk
Insurance for construction projects throughout the world
Erection All Risks
Insurance for the erection and installation of machinery, plant and
associated property
Machinery Movement
Insurance for machinery and equipment being moved or relocated
Deterioration of Stock
Insurance against damage to stock following machinery breakdown
Electronic Machinery & Movement
Accidental damage insurance for all types of electronic machinery and
equipment
Engineering Business Interruption
Insurance to protect against the loss of profits when your business
suffers an interruption
Computer Insurance
Protection against any loss or damage to associated hardware, software
and computer records
For more information please contact :Ian Probert

Royal & SunAlliance Engineering
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3075
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
Email : ian.probert@uk.royalsun.com
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Materials
Materials and the PED

Essential Safety Requirement 4 : Materials
For full text please refer to directive (97/23/EC)
Materials use in pressure equipment must be suitable for the application,
unless replacement is foreseen
Welding consumables are part included within the scope of materials
Materials shall be sufficiently ductile and tough
Materials shall chemically resistant to the contents
Materials shall not be affected by ageing
Materials shall be suitable for the intended processing procedures
Materials used shall not be succeptible to galvanic corrosion
Materials shall have appropriate safety factors for use within calculations
Materials used shall comply with one of the following forms :harmonised standard
European Approval of pressure equipment material (EAM)
Particular Material Appraisal (PMA)
The manufacturer must take appropriate measures to ensure that the material conforms with
the specification.
For main pressure bearing parts for Pressure Equipment of PED categories II, III & IV, material
must be issued with a certificate of specific product control (e.g. EN 10204 3.1b)
The material manufacturer shall have an appropriate QA system (e.g. ISO 9000) certified by a
competent body established within the EC and having undergone a specific assessment for
materials. Failure to comply with thismeans the manufacturer must take appropriate measures.
Currently the main route to use material for the PED is the PMA.
If the pressure equipment is PED category III or IV the notified body (e.g. RSACS) must perform
the PMA.
It is useful to combine the PMA with verification that the other ESR's for Materials have been
complied with. An optional pro-forma approach to this is given below.
If you have any further queries, please contact :Dr. Ed Haynes
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
PED
Example 1
PMA and Assessment of Suitability
Range of Pressure
Range of Temperature
Design Code
Material
Grade &
Spec.
Contents :
Ductile ?
Tough ?
Chem.
Resistant
to
contents ?
Engineer :
Ageing ?
Suitable
for the
process
Galvanic
Material
problems ? certs
checked
Date :
Cert 3.1b
issued by
QA supl ?
Status
Non-Destructive Tests
Non Destructive Testing and the PED

Essential Safety Requirement 3.1.3 : Non-destructive Tests
For pressure equipment, non destructive tests of permanent joints must be
carried out by suitably qualified personnel. For pressure equipment in
PED categories III and IV, the personnel must be approved by a
third-party organisation recognised by a member state
Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services is an approved third party organisation
recognised by a member state and can approve NDT personnel.
Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services has PCN Level 3 and ASNT Level 3 qualified
personnel who can assess NDT procedures, give guidance on the various NDT techniques
and approve NDT personnel for the PED.
Please submit details of the name, qualification and/or experience of the individual(s) to us.
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
3 qualified
ual(s) to us.
Permanent Joining
Welding and the PED

Essential Safety Requirement 3.1.2 : Permanent Joining
Permanent joints and adjacent zones must be free of any surface or
internal defects detrimental to the safety of the equipment.
The properties of permanent joints and adjacent zones must be free of any surface or internal
defects detrimental to the safety of the equipment.
The properties of permanent joints must meet the minimum properties specified for the materials
to be joined unless other relevant property values are specifically taken into account in the
design calculations.
For pressure equipment, permanent joining of components which contribute to the pressure
resistance of equipment and components which are directlyattached to them must be carried
out by suitably qualified personnel according to suitable operating procedures.
For pressure equipment in PED categories II, III and IV, operating procedures and personnel
must be approved by a competent third party, which is normally the Notified Body
To carry out these approvals we must perform examinations and tests as set out in
the appropriate harmonised standards or equivalent examinations and tests or must have them
performed
Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services are a notified body that can approved
operating procedures and personnel for the PED.
Please make available your Approved Weld Procedure and Welder Approvals to your
normal contact in Royal & SunAlliance
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
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d personnel
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Boilers
Check PED Classification for a PED Boiler
Boilers and the PED
All types of boilers are covered by the PED, including shell boilers,
water tube boilers, loco-boilers and electrode-heated boilers.
Boilers must comply with all of the essential safety requirements.
Particular note should be taken of Essential Safety Requirement 5 :
"Fired or otherwise Heated Pressure Equipment with a risk of
Overheating.
Many boilers are sold as a "package boiler" including the boiler (vessel) itself as well as
safety accessories (protective devices), pressure accessories (e.g. valves, pressure gauges
etc.) and piping. This constitues an assembly.
There are ESR's for assemblies, namely ESR 2.8, but in addition the PED specifies
requirements for Global Conformity
The global conformity requirements are not specified in the "DTI Blue Book", but are listed
in the PED - Council Directive 97/23/EC, Article 10, Clause 2. This must be complied with.
Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services has many years experience in undertaking
design assessments and code inspections for boiler equipment, and also has a representative
on the committee for the new (unpublished) European Standard for Shell Boilers.
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
ure gauges
epresentative
Pressure Vessels
Check PED Classification for a Pressure Vessel
Pressure Vessels and the PED
Pressure Vessels must comply with all of the essential safety requirements
listed within the PED (except ESR 5 and 6 if not applicable).
The PED covers all pressure vessels, over 0.5 Barg (i.e. not vacuum
vessels). It includes all different types of pressure vessels, including heat
exchangers, reactor vessels, cryogenic vessels, GRP vessel etc. etc.
Pressure equipment can be designed by finite element
analysis - ESR 2.2.3 (a) : Design by analysis.
Royal & SunAlliance Engineering has
experts with many years experience of design by FEA,
who can undertake FEA on your behalf for design
optimisation or modelling equipment outside of the scope
of pressure vessel design codes.
Many pressure vessels are sold complete with safety accessories (protective devices),
pressure accessories (e.g. valves, pressure gauges etc.) and piping.
This constitues an assembly. Note : The safety accessory must be at least the same PED
category as the item of equipment it is protecting.
Royal & SunAlliance Certification Services has many years experience in undertaking
design assessments and code inspections for pressure vessels, and also has a representative
on the committee for the new (unpublished) European Standard for unfired pressure vessels.
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
of the scope
epresentative
sure vessels.
Piping
Check PED Classification for PED Piping
Piping and the PED
Piping must comply with all of the requirements of the PED, particular
attention is drawn to Essential Safety Requirement 6 : Piping.
Heat exchangers and pressure accessories can be classified as piping
for the PED if the classification is more meaningful than it would be for
vessels.
Piping very often incorparates numerous pressure accessories, safety
accessories (protective devices) as well as the actual 'pipework' itself.
In this instance the equipment is classified as an assembly.
Royal & SunAlliance Engineering has engineers who can undertake
pipework flexibility analysis in accordance to piping codes (e.g. ASME B31.1, BS 806 etc.)
on your behalf, and offer guidance for pipework design
17 York Street
Tel : +44 (0)161 235 3375
Fax : +44 (0)161 235 3063
ROYAL & SUNALLIANCE CERTIFICATION SERVICES
APPLICATION FORM
APPLICATION TO ROYAL & SUNALLIANCE CERTIFICATION SERVICES TO ACT AS
NOTIFIED BODY UNDER THE PRESSURE EQUIPMENT DIRECTIVE
Introduction
The purposes of this application include identifying the responsible organisations, and the applicable
relevant module or modules. It also indicates typical documents to support the application, and is a
reminder to the applicant of the requirements of the Directive. Please note that there are restrictions
associated with the use of marks (e.g. CE Marking) resulting from successful outcome to this
application, as described in the Scheme rules. Commercial arrangements including Terms and
Conditions are subject of separate contractual agreement.
Please complete this form accurately and submit it to the Scheme Manager, Royal & SunAlliance
Certification Services, 17 York Street, Manchester, M2 3RS. Alternatively, please email to
"edward.j.haynes@uk.royalsun.com" ; telephone 0161 235 3375; fax 0161 235 3702.
Module/ modules and additional services related to this application
Please circle the selected module(s) and services or delete those that do not apply. When applying for a
QA Module, please also complete the RSACS Quality System Application.
Non QA Modules
QA Modules
A1
D
Permanent joining
(Categories II, III & IV)
Approval of
Approval of
personnel
procedures
Responsible organisation(s)
APPLICANTS NAME AND ADDRESS
B
D1
B1
E
C1
E1
F
H
Non-destructive tests
(Categories III & IV)
Approval of
personnel
G
H1
Materials
European Approval
of Materials
Particular Material
Appraisal
AUTHORISED REPRESENTATIVES
NAME AND ADDRESS (if applicable)
Attachments to this page

Schedule of documents. Please note that this is not an exhaustive list.
Declarations
Declaration 1
The application in respect of this Equipment Type has not been submitted to any other Notified Body
Declaration 2
In signing this application, we undertake to implement as a minimum all of the relevant responsibilities applying
to us in the Pressure Equipment Directive (EC/97/23/EC). Additionally we shall implement any relevant
responsibilities imposed upon us by National Regulations e.g. The Pressure Equipment Regulations 1999.
Signature of applicant
Date
ROYAL & SUNALLIANCE CERTIFICATION SERVICES
APPLICATION FORM
DOCUMENTS RELATED TO APPLICATION FOR DESIGN EXAMINATION
List of attachments comprising

technical documentation
Description of equipment including, as applicable,
known performance limitations and exposure.
Conceptual design (including results of the hazard
analysis and how the hazards have been addressed)
Detailed designs e.g. diagrams and manufacturing
drawings
Descriptions and explanations necessary for
understanding of the drawings and diagrams and of
the operation of the equipment
A list of harmonised European standards applied
(in full or in part). This includes materials standards
Descriptions of the solutions adopted to meet the
essential safety requirements of the Directive
where European harmonised standards have not
been applied
Results of relevant design calculations made and
examinations carried out
Reports of tests
Information concerning the tests provided for
during manufacture
Information on the qualifications or approvals of
joining (welding) personnel and NDT personnel
Information on the operating procedures for
permanent joining
Information about all or any items subcontracted
including sub contractors names and control
systems in place for verifying subcontracted work
Information about or certification of safety
components and devices included in the design
WHERE TYPE APPROVAL IS REQUIRED
Describe arrangements for providing a
representative example and instruction manual
Applicants Reference
& Revision status
Check by
Notified Body
Page 1/2
rticular Material
Appraisal
Page 2/2
d Body
PED Essential Safety Requirements - Comparison with BS 5500 and ASME VIII Div 1
The European Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC, (PED), places full responsibility upon the manufacturer of
pressure equipment to comply with the provisions of the Directive. On completion of all design, manufacturing,
inspection and testing procedures, and after verification of conformity, the manufacturer can make a Declaration of
Conformity with the PED. The manufacturer can then affix the CE marking which ensures that the equipment will have
freedom of movement within the European Community.
An important requirement is that the manufacturer must comply with all the Essential Safety Requirements, (ESRs), in
Annex 1 of the PED which are relevant to the equipment for which he makes the Declaration of Conformity.
The following table provides a summary of all the ESRs and shows, by reference to the relevant clauses in BS 5500 and
ASME VIII Div 1, where it is considered that these codes satisfy the ESRs.
Numbers in brackets refer to notes at the end of the table.
Sub
PED Essential Safety Requirement
Section
1
General
1.1
Equipment must be designed, manufactured and checked,
and installed in such a way as to ensure its safety when
put into service in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions.
1.2
Manufacturer must apply the principles set out below in
the following order:
eliminate or reduce hazards as far as is
reasonably practicable,
apply appropriate protection measures against
hazards
inform users of residual hazards
1.3
The pressure equipment designed to prevent danger from
misuse or, adequate warning given.
2
Design
2.1
The pressure equipment must be properly designed to be
safe throughout its intended life. Design must incorporate
appropriate safety coefficients.
2.2.1
To be designed for loadings appropriate to its intended
use.
2.2.2
Design for adequate strength based on:
a calculation method and supplemented if
necessary by an experimental design method.
an experimental Design method without
calculation, when the product of the maximum
allowable pressure PS and the volume V is less
than 6 000 bar.L.
2.2.3(a)
The allowable stresses for pressure equipment must be
limited having regard to reasonably foreseeable failure
modes, safety factors must be applied to.
Requirements may be met by applying one of the
following methods
Design by formula
Design by analysis
Design by fracture mechanics;
ASME VIII Div 1
BS 5500
(6)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(6)
(1)
U-2
3.1
UG-22
3.2.1
3.2.2
U-2
3.2.2(3)
UG-23
(8)*
U-2(g)
Section 3
Annex A
Annex U
UG-21
3.2.3
* Design by analysis or fracture mechanics only permitted

where formulas do not exist.
2.2.3(b)
Appropriate design calculations must be used to establish

the resistance of the pressure equipment concerned.
In particular:
the calculation pressures must not be less than
the maximum allowable pressures and take into
account static head and dynamic fluid
2.2.3(c)
2.2.4
2.3
2.4(a)
2.4(b)
pressures and the decomposition of unstable

fluids.
the calculation temperature must allow for
appropriate safety margin
the Design must take appropriate account of
all possible combinations of temperature and
pressure which might arise under reasonably
foreseeable operating conditions.
maximum stresses and peak stress kept within
the safe limits
the calculation for pressure containment must
utilize the values appropriate to the properties
of the material, based on documented data.
appropriate joint factors must be applied.
the Design must take appropriate account of
all reasonably foreseeable degradation
mechanisms.
calculated allow for adequate structural stability taking into
account the risks from transport and handling
Design by experimental method must be validated by an
appropriate test programme on a sample representative of
the equipment.
Test programme must be clearly defined and must include
a pressure strength test.
Provisions to Ensure Safe Handling and Operation
Method of operation specified for pressure equipment
must be such as to preclude any reasonably foreseeable
risk in operation of the equipment. Particular attention
must be paid to:
closures and openings,
dangerous discharge of pressure relief
blow-off,
devices to prevent physical access whilst
pressure or a vacuum exists
surface temperature taking into consideration
the intended use,
decomposition of unstable fluids.
Pressure equipment fitted with an access door must be
equipped with an automatic or manual device enabling the
user easily to ascertain that the opening will not present
any hazard. Where the opening can be operated quickly
equipment must be fitted with a device to prevent it being
opened whenever the pressure or temperature of the fluid
presents a hazard
Pressure equipment must be designed and constructed so
that all necessary examinations to ensure safety can be
carried out;
Means of determining the internal condition of the
equipment must be available
UG-20
3.2.4
UG-22
3.2.4/3.2.5
UG-23
3.1.1
UG-23
Annex K
UG-27
UG-25
(1)
3.2.4/3.3
Annex C
(7)
(2)
UG-101
3.2.2 &
5.8.6
(3)
(8)
UG-36
UG-135(b)
(1)
(8)UG-35(b)
(7)
(7)
(7)
UG-35(b)
UG-46
3.12(3)
UG-46
3.12
Page 2 o
2.5
2.6
2.7
Means must be provided for the draining and venting of

pressure equipment where necessary:
to avoid harmful effects such as water hammer,
vacuum collapse, corrosion and uncontrolled
chemical reactions.
to permit cleaning, inspection and maintenance
in a safe manner.
Adequate allowance or protection against corrosion or
other chemical attack must be provided.
Where erosion or abrasion may arise, adequate measures
must be taken to:
minimize that effect by appropriate Design e.g.
UG-25(b)
(1)
(7)
UG-46
UG-25
3.3
(8)
3.3.4(3)
UG-26
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11.1
2.11.2
2.11.3
2.12
replacement of parts instructions.

Assemblies must be so designed that:
the components to be assembled together are
suitable and reliable for their duty
all the components are properly integrated and
assembled in an appropriate manner.
Equipment must be so designed and provided with
accessories or provision made for their fitting, as to ensure
safe filling and discharge in particular with respect to
hazards such ason filling:
overfilling or overpressurization;
instability of the pressure equipment;
on discharge the uncontrolled release of the
pressurised fluid;
on filling or discharge; unsafe connection and
disconnection
Where the allowable limits could be exceeded, the pressure
equipment must be fitted with, or provision made for the
fitting of, suitable protective devices determined on the
basis of the particular characteristics of the equipment or
assembly.
Safety accessories must:
be designed and constructed as to be reliable
and suitable for their intended duty,
be independent of other functions,
comply with appropriate Design principles
in order to obtain suitable and reliable
protection.
Pressure Limiting Devices
Must be so designed that the pressure will not
permanently exceed the maximum allowable pressure
Temperature Monitoring Devices
Must have an adequate response time.
Where necessary, pressure equipment must be so
designed and, where appropriate, fitted with suitable
accessories, to meet danger-limitation requirements in the
event of external fire.
(7)
(2)
(6)
(1)
UG-125
3.13
UG-126
3.13.1
UG-127
3.13.1
3.13.1
UG-131
3.13.2
(6)
(1)
UG-125
U2&3
1.1.5(3)
Page 3 o
3
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2
Manufacturing
The manufacture must ensure the competent execution of
the provisions set out at the design stage by applying the
appropriate techniques and relevant procedures, especially
with a view to the aspects set out below.
Preparation of the component parts must not give rise to
defects or cracks or changes in the mechanical
characteristics likely to be detrimental to the safety of the
pressure equipment.
Permanent joints and adjacent zones must be free of any
surface or internal defects detrimental to the safety of the
equipment.
The properties of permanent joints must meet the minimum
properties specified for the materials to be joined unless
relevant property values are specifically taken into
account in design.
Permanent joining of components which contribute to the
pressure resistance of equipment and components which
UG-76
4.2
(7)UW-35
5.6 (3)
Section IX
4.3
UW-28
UW-29
4.3
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.1.5
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.3
3.3(a)
3.3(b)
3.3(c)
3.4
4
are directly attached to them must be carried out by

suitably qualified personnel according to suitable
operating procedures.
For pressure equipment in categories II, III and IV,
operating procedures and personnel must be approved by
a competent third party which, at the manufacturers
discretion, may be:
a notified body
a third-party organisation recognised by a
Member State as provided for in Article 13.
Non-destructive tests of permanent joints must be carried
out by suitable qualified personnel. For pressure
equipment in categories III and IV, the personnel must be
approved by a third-party organisation.
Where the manufacturing process will change the material
properties to impair the safety of the pressure equipment,
suitable heat treatment must be applied at the appropriate
stage of manufacture.
Procedures must be established and maintained for
identifying the material making up the components.
Pressure equipment must be subjected to final assessment
as described below.
Equipment must undergo a final inspection to assess
visually and by examination of the accompanying
documents compliance with the requirements of the
Directive. The final inspection must be carried out
internally and externally on every part of the equipment,
where appropriate in the course of manufacture.
Final assessment must include a test for the pressure
containment aspect, which will normally take the form of a
hydrostatic pressure test.
For category 1 series-produced pressure equipment, this
test may be performed on a statistical basis.
Where the hydrostatic pressure test is harmful or
impractical, other tests of a recognised value may be
carried out.
For assemblies, the final assessment must also include a

check of the safety devices intended to check full
compliance with the requirements referred to in 2.10.
* Safety devices, whilst in the ASME need not be fitted
the manufacturer.
In addition to the CE marking the following information
must be provided:
the name and address of the manufacturer and, where
appropriate, of his authorised representative established
within the Community.
the year of manufacture,
identification of the pressure equipment
essential maximum/minimum allowable limits
depending upon the type of equipment, further information
necessary for safe installation, operation or use and, where
applicable, maintenance and periodic inspection.
where necessary, warnings fixed to the equipment drawing
attention to misuse which experience has shown might
occur.
Operating Instructions
Materials
Materials used for the manufacture of pressure equipment
must be suitable for such application during the scheduled
lifetime unless replacement is foreseen.
(7)
4.3
UW-51(a)2
App 6
App8
5.6.1
UW-40
4.4
UG-77
4.1.2
UG-97
5.1(3)
UG-99
5.8 (3)
UG-100
(7)
Annex V
(3)
5.8.4
UG-125*
(1)
(7)
1.4.4
5.8.9 (3)
(7)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(1)
UG-4
2.1
4.1
4.1(a)
4.1(b)
4.1(c)
4.1(d)
4.1(e)
4.2(a)
4.2(b)
4.2(c)
4.3
6
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Materials for pressurised parts must:

have appropriate properties for all operating conditions
and be sufficiently ductile and tough. Due care should be
exercised, in particular, in selecting materials in order to
prevent brittle-type fracture;
be sufficiently chemically resistant to the fluid contained in
the pressure equipment;
not be significantly affected by ageing;
be suitable for the intended processing procedures;
be selected in order to avoid significant undesirable effects
when the various materials are put together.
The pressure equipment manufacturer must define in an
appropriate manner the values necessary for the design
calculations referred to in 2.2.3 and
the manufacturer must provide in his technical
documentation elements relating to compliance with the
materials specifications of the Directive in one of the
following forms:
by using Materials which comply with
harmonized standards
by using Materials covered by A European
approval of pressure equipment materials
by a particular material appraisal;
for equipment in categories III and IV, particular appraisal
as referred to in the third indent of (b) must be performed
by the notified body in charge of conformity assessment
procedures for the pressure equipment.
Manufacturer must take appropriate measures to ensure

that the material used conforms with the required
specification. In particular, documentation prepared by the
material manufacturer affirming compliance with a
specification must be obtained for all materials.
For equipment in categories II, III and IV, this must take the
form of a certificate of specific product control.
Where a material manufacturer has an appropriate qualityassurance system, certified by a competent body
established within the Community and having undergone a
specific assessment for materials, certificates issued by the
manufacturer are presumed to certify conformity with the
relevant requirements of this section.
Fired or Otherwise Heated Pressure Equipment with a
Risk of Overheating.
Equipment must be calculated, designed and constructed
so as to avoid to minimise risks of a significant loss of
containment from overheating.
Piping
Specific Quantitative Requirements for Certain Pressure
Equipment.
Allowable stresses
Joint coefficients
Pressure limiting devices, particularly for pressure vessels
The momentary pressure surge must keep to 10% of the
allowable pressure.
For pressure vessels, the hydrostatic test pressure must
be no less than that corresponding to the maximum loading
to which the pressure equipment may be subject in service
taking into account its maximum allowable pressure and its
UG-4
UG-84
2.2(3)
UHA-6
(8)
3.3.1
(7)
UG-18
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
User ?
(4)
(7)
2.1.2
(3)
(6)
(2)
UG-93
UG-93
(2)
(6)
(6)
(5)
(6)
(1)
Annex K (3)
(1)
Annex J
UG-99
5.8(3)
7.5
maximum allowable temperature, multiplied by the

coefficient 1.25 or the maximum allowable pressure
multiplied by the coefficient 1.43 whichever is the greater.
Unless other values are required in accordance with other
criteria that must be taken into account, a steel is
considered as sufficiently ductile to satisfy 4.1(a) if, in a
tensile test carried out by a standard procedure, its
elongation after rupture is no less than 14% and its
bending rupture energy measured on an ISO V test-piece is
no less than 27 J, at a temperature not greater than 20C
but not higher that the lowest scheduled operating
procedure.
Notes:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Outside scope of current BS 5500.

Requirements not given in BS 5500. Consideration needed to inclusion?
Referenced BSclause?
Uncertain as to meaning of ESR
Fired heaters outside BS 5500 scope, however process heaters are.
Outside the scope of ASME
Requirement not addressed in ASME
Requirement not fully addressed in ASME
(6)
(2)
BS 5500
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.1
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.2(3)
Section 3
Annex A
Annex U
Page 1 of 6
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.4/3.2.5
3.1.1
Annex K
(1)
3.2.4/3.3
Annex C
(2)
3.2.2 &
5.8.6
(3)
(1)
3.12(3)
3.12
Page 2 of 6
(1)
3.3
3.3.4(3)
(2)
(1)
3.13
3.13.1
3.13.1
3.13.1
3.13.2
(1)
1.1.5(3)
Page 3 of 6
4.2
5.6 (3)
4.3
4.3
4.3
5.6.1
4.4
4.1.2
5.1(3)
5.8 (3)
Annex V
(3)
5.8.4
Page 4 of 6
(1)
1.4.4
5.8.9 (3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
2.1
2.2(3)
3.3.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
2.1.2
(3)
(2)
Page 5 of 6
(2)
(5)
(1)
Annex K (3)
(1)
Annex J
5.8(3)
(2)
Page 6 of 6
Generic Hazard Analysis for the PED
Equipment :
1) Determine which hazards are applicable for the pressure equipment.

2) Determine if this hazard is reasonably foreeable for this equipment, for the use and design parameters specified.
3) Determine how the hazard can be reduced / eliminated or what protective measures or notices will be given concerning the hazard.
4) State whether if the hazard and the control measure used are acceptable and provide a high degree of health and safety protection.
Ref. Hazard
No.
1
Explosion / Leakage of vessel / (or over
heating) - Hazard of stored energy
2
Britte Fracture / SCC, HIC, creep etc. etc.
hazard from fluid to equipment ?
3
Damage to lining / cladding, freedom of
vessel to expand, examination problems ?
4
Damage to equipment - transport
or installation (esp. GRP vessels)
5
Escape of PED Group 1 fluid - damage
to persons, buildings, environment etc..
6
Rapid release of high pressure fluid projection of vessel components / blast
7
Collapse, vacuum implosion - leakage
of vessel / detachment etc..
8
Furnace explosion of fired vessels blast, projection of flame tc..
10 Domino or knock on effect - with
subsequent damage to plant / property
11 Special operational hazards (e.g quick
release doors etc..)
12 Wind / Seismic / Snow / Transport / Cyclic /
External / Nozzle loading, Creep etc..
13 Protective Device / Control system failure
(response time / safe discharge / lockout)
14 Other - Specify :
Reasonably
Foreeable ?
Solution / Control Measure
This document is provided for information purposes only. It is the manufacturers responsibility to ensure that they have considered all hazards that exist for their pressure equipment. Further infor from CEOC guidance
Acceptable ?
C guidance
Menu
Pressure Equipment Directive
Pressure Vessels
Pipework
Boilers
Conformity Assessment Modules
PED-explorer
Issue 4
Page 47
Volume Boiler
To Calculate the volume of a Pressure Vessel - Choose applicable vessel sections and input data
for each section in turn. The calculated volume for each section will be added to the total volume.
The volume of features which have not been calculated can be input as "Additional Volume".
Total Calculated Volume:

Additional Volume:
Total Volume:
0.0 Litres
0 Litres
0.0 Litres
Page 48
Volume PV
To Calculate the volume of a Pressure Vessel - Choose applicable vessel sections and input data
for each section in turn. The calculated volume for each section will be added to the total volume.
The volume of features which have not been calculated can be input as "Additional Volume".
Total Calculated Volume:

Additional Volume:
Total Volume:
0.0 Litres
0 Litres
0.0 Litres
Page 49
323782813.xls
Pressure Vessels
Gas:
Gases, liquefied gases, gases dissolved under pressure, vapours and also liquids
with a vapour pressure greater than 0.5 Barg at the maximum allowable temperature.
Liquid:
Liquids having a vapour pressure at the maximum allowable temperature of not more
than 0.5 Barg
Group 1:
Group 2:
Dangerous fluids - Explosive, flammable, toxic, oxidising.

All other fluids not covered by group 1.
INPUT
Maximum Allowable Pressure PS
6
Barg
Contents - Gas(G) / Liquid (L)
g
Contents - Group 1 / Group 2
1
Volume
55000.0 Litres
PS x V =
330000.0
Table : 1
Category : IV
Conformity Assessment Modules: B+D or B+F or G or H1
Page 50
323782813.xls
liquids
emperature.
of not more
Bar Litres
Page 51
Boilers
Boilers
Fired or otherwise heated pressure equipment with the risk of overheating intended for generation
of steam or super heated water at temperatures higher than 110C and all pressure cookers.

Volume (if known)
INPUT
0.51
1000.0
Barg
Litres
PS x V =
Table : 5
Category : III
510.0
Conformity Assessment Modules: B1+D or B1+F or B+E or B+C1 or H

Pressure cookers must be at least Category III - Conformity Assessment Modules B1+D or B1+F
or B+E or B+C1 or H.
Page 52
Boilers
or generation
cookers.
Bar Litres
D or B1+F
Page 53
Pipework
Pipework
Gas:
Gases, liquefied gases, gases dissolved under pressure, vapours and also liquids
with a vapour pressure greater than 0.5 Barg at the maximum allowable temperature.
Liquid:
Liquids having a vapour pressure at the maximum allowable temperature of not more
than 0.5 Barg
Group 1:
Group 2:
Dangerous fluids - Explosive, flammable, toxic, oxidising.

All other fluids not covered by group 1.

Contents - Gas(G) / Liquid (L)
Contents - Group 1 / Group 2
Nominal Pipe Size DN
INPUT
4.5
g
2
65
Barg
mm
PS x DN = 292.5
Table : 7
Category: Sound Engineering Practice
Conformity Assessment Modules: Not Applicable - Must not be CE marked
Page 54
Pipework
liquids
emperature.
of not more
gineering Practice
Page 55
A1
Module A1
Internal production control with monitoring of final assessment
Module A1- Internal production control with monitoring of final assessment

The Manufacturer or his Authorised Representative must:
Declare that the equipment satisfies the requirements of the directive.
Affix CE Mark and issue written declaration of conformity.
Draw up technical documentation to cover design, manufacture and operation:
1- general description
2 - detailed drawings
3 - explanation of drawings and method of operation
4 - design standards used
5 - results of design calculation and/or examinations carried out
6 - test reports
Keep technical documentation for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made.
Carry out final assessment in accordance with section 3.2 of Annex I.
Affix the Notified Bodies identification number to each item.
The Notified Body must:
Monitor by unexpected visits that the manufacturer carries out the final assessment.
Select samples for possible final assessment.
Page 56
A
Module A
Internal production control
Module A - Internal production control

Declare that the equipment satisfies the requirements of the directive.
6 - test reports
Keep technical documentation for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made.
Page 57
D1
Module D1
Production quality assurance
Module D1- Production quality assurance

Declare that the equipment conforms with the directive
Affix CE Mark, Notified Body ID Number and issue written declaration of conformity.
6 - test reports
Apply to a Notified Body for assessment of QA system. The application must include:
1 - All relevant information on the pressure equipment
2 - Documentation concerning the QA system
The QA system must include:
1 - Quality objectives and responsibilities.
2 - Manufacturing processes, welding procedures and quality control.
3 - Details of testing
4 - Quality records i.e. inspection reports, calibration data, weld and NDT qualifications
5 - Means of monitoring the system
Inform the Notified Body of any amendments to the Quality system
Keep Quality system and Technical documentation for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made.
Assess the quality system
- The assessment must include a visit to the manufacturers premises
- At least one auditor must have experience of pressure equipment concerned
Assess any amendments to the Quality system
Carry out periodic audits. A full reassessment to be carried out every 3 years
Carry out unexpected visits if necessary
Notify the Member States and other notified bodies of any Quality system approvals
it has withdrawn or refused
Page 58
D1
made.
Page 59
B1+F
Module B1+F
EC Design examination plus Product verification
Module B1 - EC Design examination

Lodge application with single notified body for EC design examination.
Experimental design method must not be used
Submit technical documentation to the Notified Body including:
5 - supporting evidence when design not covered by standards
7 - details of weld approvals and NDT
Inform the Notified Body of any modifications to the design
Keep technical documentation and certificates for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made
Assess the technical documentation with respect to:
1 - design and manufacturing procedures
2 - materials
3 - weld procedure and welder qualifications
4 - NDT operators qualifications
Issue an EC design examination certificate
Keep technical documentation and certificate
Notify the Member States and other notified bodies of any type examination certificates
Module F - Product verification

Declare that the equipment conforms to EC type or design-examination certificate
Keep a copy of declaration of conformity for 10 years after last of the equipment is made
Examine each item of pressure equipment, in particular:
1 - Verify weld procedure, welder and NDT Qualifications.
2 - Verify material certificates
3 - Carry out final inspection and pressure test
4 - Examine safety devices
Affix Notified Body I D number and issue certificate of conformity for tests carried out
Page 60
B1+D
Module B1+D
EC Design examination plus Production quality assurance
Module B1 - EC Design examination

Lodge application with single notified body for EC design examination.
Experimental design method must not be used
5 - supporting evidence when design not covered by standards
2 - materials
Keep technical documentation and certificate
Module D - Production quality assurance

Operate an approved QA system for production, final inspection and testing
3 - Technical documentation and EC type or design-examination certificate
Keep Quality system documentation for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made.
Page 61
B1+D
Page 62
E1
Module E1
Product quality assurance
Module E1 - Product quality assurance

6 - test reports
Examine and test each item of equipment and carry out final assessment to 3.2 of Annex I
2 - Welding procedures
3 - Details of examinations and testing
Keep Quality system and Technical documentation for 10 years after the last of the equipment is made.
Page 63
E1
made.
Page 64
H1
Module H1
Full quality assurance with design examination and
surveillance of the final assessment.
Module H1 - Full quality assurance with design examination and surveillance of the final assessment.
Lodge application with single notified body for EC design examination, to include:
- Technical design specification, including standards used
- Supporting evidence where harmonised standards have not been used
Operate an approved QA system for design, manufacture, final inspection and testing
2 - Technical design specifications
3 - Design control and design verification techniques
4 - Manufacturing, QC and QA techniques in particular welding procedures
5 - Details of examinations and testing before, during and after manufacture
Assess the application for design examination
Notify the Member States and other notified bodies of any design examination certificates
Page 65
G
Module G
EC Unit verification
Module G - EC Unit verification

Apply to a single Notified Body for unit verification
6 - test reports
7 - details of testing during manufacture
1 - Examine technical documentation with respect to design and manufacturing procedures
2 - Check material certificates
3 - Check weld procedures
4 - Check weld procedure, welder and NDT qualifications
Keep certificate of conformity for 10 years
Page 66
B+F
Module B+F
EC Type examination plus Product verification
Module B - EC Type examination

Lodge application with single notified body for EC Type examination.
Make available to the Notified Body examples of the type of equipment for testing.
6 - test reports
2 - materials
5 - instigate the examinations and tests necessary to demonstrate compliance
Issue an EC type examination certificate(valid for 10 years)
Module F - Product verification

1 - Verify weld procedure, welder and NDT Qualifications.
2 - Verify material certificates
Page 67
B+D
Module B+D
EC Type examination plus Production quality assurance

6 - test reports
2 - materials
Module D - Production quality assurance

Operate an approved QA system for production, final inspection and testing
Page 68
B+D
Page 69
H
Module H
Full quality assurance
Module H - Full quality assurance

Operate an approved QA system for design, manufacture, final inspection and testing
2 - Technical design specifications
3 - Design control and design verification techniques
4 - Manufacturing, QC and QA techniques in particular welding procedures
5 - Details of examinations and testing before, during and after manufacture
Page 70
B+C1
Module B+C1
EC Type examination plus Conformity to type

6 - test reports
2 - materials
Module C1 - Conformity to type

Declare that the equipment conforms to EC type-examination certificate
Carry out final assessment in accordance with section 3.2 of Annex I.
Affix the Notified Bodies identification number to each item.
Monitor by unexpected visits that the manufacturer carries out the final assessment.
Select samples for possible final assessment.
Page 71
B+E
Module B+E
EC Type examination plus Product quality assurance

6 - test reports
2 - materials
Module E - Product quality assurance

Declare that the equipment conforms to EC type-examination certificate
Operate an approved QA system for final inspection and testing
Examine and test each item of equipment and carry out final assessment to 3.2 of Annex I
2 - Details of examinations and testing
Page 72
B+E
Page 73
PED Module Help

The PED Modules are devised to reflect what QA system and what type of equipment you are manufacturing
HAZARD
CATEGORY
CATEGORY I
CATEGORY II
CATEGORY III
WITHOUT QS
UNIT
A
Internal production
control
SERIES
A + type examination
Internal production
control
WITH QS
UNIT
A1
Monitoring of the
final assessment
A1 + type examination
Monitoring of the
final assessment
D1 or E1
+
production or product
quality assurance
B1 + F
Design examination
+
Product verification
B + C1
Type examination
+
Conformity to type
B1 + D
Design examination +
Production quality
assurance
H
Full quality assurance
CATEGORY IV
G
Unit verification
B+F
Type examination
+
Product verification
H1
Full quality assurance with
design examination and
special surveillance of the
final assessment
final assessment
ment you are manufacturing

WITH QS
SERIES
D1 or E1 + type
examination +
production or product
quality assurance
B+E*
Type approval +
product quality
assurance
B+D
Type approval +
production quality
assurance
Module Menu
Conformity Assessment Procedure Modules
A brief synopsis of the requirements of the assessment modules.
For detailed information refer to Annex III of the PED.
Category
I
A
II
III
IV
A1
B1+D
B+D
Boilers
D1
B1+F
B+F
Pipework
E1
B+E
B+C1
H1
Pressure Vessels
Page 76
Module Menu
Page 77

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Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)

Royal & Sun Alliance Certification Services

The lifts directive

The machinery directive

simple pressure vessel directive

The company is also an accredited Certification Body for ISO 9000

Thorough technical knowledge

Particular benefits to our customers:

For more information please contact :Dr. Ed Haynes

Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - Consultancy Services

Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - ASME Services (BEI)

Legislation in the USA and Canada stipulates that pressure

Authorised Inspection Services throughout Europe, USA and parts of Asia

For more information please contact :Peter Dougherty

Royal & Sun Alliance Engineering - Loss Control Services

Engineering Machinery and Plant Inspection

Insurance and Inspection for machinery and plant

For more information please contact :Ian Probert

Materials and the PED

European Approval of pressure equipment material (EAM)

Particular Material Appraisal (PMA)

Non Destructive Testing and the PED

Welding and the PED

for the materials

must have them

ROYAL & SUNALLIANCE CERTIFICATION SERVICES

Attachments to this page

ROYAL & SUNALLIANCE CERTIFICATION SERVICES

List of attachments comprising

ASME VIII Div 1

* Design by analysis or fracture mechanics only permitted

Appropriate design calculations must be used to establish

pressures and the decomposition of unstable

Means must be provided for the draining and venting of

replacement of parts instructions.

are directly attached to them must be carried out by

For assemblies, the final assessment must also include a

Materials for pressurised parts must:

Manufacturer must take appropriate measures to ensure

maximum allowable temperature, multiplied by the

Outside scope of current BS 5500.

Generic Hazard Analysis for the PED

1) Determine which hazards are applicable for the pressure equipment.

Solution / Control Measure

Pressure Equipment Directive

Conformity Assessment Modules

Total Calculated Volume:

Total Calculated Volume:

Dangerous fluids - Explosive, flammable, toxic, oxidising.

Maximum Allowable Pressure PS

Conformity Assessment Modules: B1+D or B1+F or B+E or B+C1 or H

Dangerous fluids - Explosive, flammable, toxic, oxidising.

Maximum Allowable Pressure PS

Conformity Assessment Modules: Not Applicable - Must not be CE marked

Module A1- Internal production control with monitoring of final assessment

Module A - Internal production control

Module D1- Production quality assurance

Module B1 - EC Design examination

Module F - Product verification

Module B1 - EC Design examination

Module D - Production quality assurance

Module E1 - Product quality assurance