Project #4

By Eddie

le corbusier

Charles-douard Jeanneret-Gris,
who was better known as Le
Corbusier ;(October 6, 1887
August 27, 1965), was a SwissFrench architect, designer, painter,
urban planner, writer, and one of
the pioneers of what is now called
modern architecture. He was born
in Switzerland and became a
French citizen in 1930. His career
spanned five decades, with his
buildings constructed throughout
Europe, India, and the Americas.

Education

Young Jeanneret was attracted to the

visual arts and studied at the LaChaux-de-Fonds Art School under
Charles L'Eplattenier, who had
studied in Budapest and Paris. His
architecture teacher in the Art
School was the architect Ren
Chapallaz, who had a large influence
on Le Corbusier's earliest house
designs.

Experience(part)

In his early years he would frequently escape the somewhat provincial atmosphere
of his hometown by traveling around Europe.

In September 1907, he made his first trip outside of Switzerland, going to Italy;
then that winter traveling through Budapest to Vienna, where he would stay for
four months and meet Gustav Klimt and Josef Hoffman.

At around 1908, he traveled to Paris, where he found work in the office of

Auguste Perret, the French pioneer of reinforced concrete. It was both his trip to
Italy and his employment at Perret's office that began to form his own ideas about
architecture.

Between October 1910 and March 1911, he worked near Berlin for the renowned
architect Peter Behrens, where he may have met Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and
Walter Gropius. He became fluent in German. More than anything during this
period, it was his visit to the Charterhouse of the Valley of Ema that influenced his
architectural philosophy profoundly for the rest of his life.

He believed that all people should have the opportunity to live as beautifully and
peacefully as the monks he witnessed in the sanctuaries at the charterhouse.

le Corbusiers urban planning

Dedicated to providing better living
conditions for the residents of
crowded cities, Le Corbusier was
influential in urban planning, and was
a founding member of the Congrs
international d'architecture moderne
(CIAM). Corbusier prepared the master
plan for the city of Chandigarh in
India, and contributed specific designs
for several buildings there.

How was he associated with Bauhous

The Bauhaus School of Architecture

did not actually get going until 1927,
eight years after Bauhaus first
opened its lecture rooms and
workshops.

And by that time, Walter Gropius,

Mies van der Rohe and the other
Bauhaus architects were very
familiar with, and committed to Le
Corbusiers philosophies.

Le Corbusier may not have lectured

at Bauhaus Weimar or Dessau
campuses, but his theories were
enthusiastically read by the staff and
students.

Bauhaus architects agreed to use

principles of classical architecture
in their most pure form: without
ornamentation of any kind.

Thus they rejected cornices, eaves

and decorative details. Bauhaus
designs had flat roofs, smooth
facades, cubic shapes, neutral
colours (white, cream or grey),
open floor plans and functional
furniture.

Five Points of Architecture

During his career, Le Corbusier developed a set of architectural principles that

dictated his technique, which he called "the Five Points of a New Architecture" and
were most evident in his Villa Savoye. The five points are:

Pilotis Replacement of supporting walls by a grid of reinforced concrete columns

that bears the structural load is the basis of the new aesthetic.

The free designing of the ground planthe absence of supporting wallsmeans the
house is unrestrained in its internal use.

The free design of the faadeseparating the exterior of the building from its
structural functionsets the faade free from structural constraints.

The horizontal window, which cuts the faade along its entire length, lights rooms
equally.

Roof gardens on a flat roof can serve a domestic purpose while providing essential
protection to the concrete roof

Villa Savoye

In 1929, Le Corbusier created his

definitive building: Villa Savoye in
Poissy. It perfectly displayed Le
Corbusiers architectural laws

1. raise the building from the ground

on pilotis, to reclaim the lost space
under the house;
2. build non-weight-bearing walls to
free up the designer;

3. create an open and flexible

interior floor plan, free of weightbearing walls;
4. include long, sliding windows to
bring the garden inside the house;

5. create rooftop gardens to replace

the green land swallowed up by the
concrete block.

5 Contemporary Buildings That Embody

Le Corbusier's Five Points

5 Contemporary Buildings That Embody

Le Corbusier's Five Points

5 Contemporary Buildings That Embody

Le Corbusier's Five Points

5 Contemporary Buildings That Embody

Le Corbusier's Five Points

5 Contemporary Buildings That Embody

Le Corbusier's Five Points

Memorials

Le Corbusier's portrait was featured on the 10 Swiss francs banknote, pictured

with his distinctive eyeglasses.

The following place-names carry his name:

Place Le Corbusier, Paris, near the site of his atelier on the Rue de Svres.

Le Corbusier Boulevard, Laval, Quebec, Canada.

Place Le Corbusier in his hometown of La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.

Le Corbusier Street in the partido of Malvinas Argentinas, Buenos Aires

Province, Argentina.

Le Corbusier Street in Le Village Parisien of Brossard, Quebec, Canada.

Le Corbusier Promenade, a promenade along the water at Roquebrune-CapMartin.

Le Corbusier Museum, Sector- 19 Chandigarh, India.

Le Corbusier Museum in Stuttgart am Weissenhof

Josef Albers

Josef Albers (March 25, 1888

March 25, 1976) was a Germanborn American artist and educator
whose work, both in Europe and in
the United States, formed the basis
of some of the most influential and
far-reaching art education
programs of the twentieth century.

Background knowledge

Albers was born into a Roman Catholic family of craftsmen in Bottrop,

Westphalia, Germany.

He worked from 1908 to 1913 as a schoolteacher in his home town; he also

trained as an art teacher at Knigliche Kunstschule in Berlin, Germany, from
1913 to 1915.

From 1916 to 1919 he began his work as a printmaker at the

Kunstgewerbschule in Essen.

In 1918 he received his first public commission, Rosa mystica ora pro nobis, a
stained-glass window for a church in Essen.

In 1919 he went to Munich, Germany, to study at the Knigliche Bayerische

Akademie der Bildenden Kunst, where he was a pupil of Max Doerner and
Franz Stuck.

The experience in Bauhous

He continued his studies from 1920 to 1923 at the Bauhaus Weimar where he
enrolled in the preliminary course taught by Johannes Itten and attended the
glass painting workshop.

In 1923, Walter Gropius appointed him to the teaching staff of the Bauhaus.
Here, he represented the classical Bauhaus concept whereby every artistic
activity was to be developed according to both the function of the piece and
the properties of the material. He received a teaching commission for the
preliminary course and also became an apprentice master of works in the
glass painting workshop.

In 1925, Walter Gropius appointed him as a junior master. In the same year,
he married the Bauhaus student Anneliese (Anni) Fleischmann.

The experience in Bauhous

From 1925 to 1927/28, he directed

the preliminary course at the
Bauhaus Dessau together with
Lszl Moholy-Nagy. After the
latters departure in 1928, Albers
became the sole director of the
preliminary course and also the
head of the carpentry workshop
until 1929. At the Bauhaus Berlin,
Albers was head of the preliminary
course and taught drawing and
lettering classes from 1932 up to
the schools dissolution in 1933.

Anni Albers

Anni Albers (18991994) was a

textile designer, weaver, writer,
and printmaker who inspired a
reconsideration of fabrics as an art
form, both in their functional roles
and as wallhangings.

Josef and Anni Albers

The couple met in Weimar,

Germany in 1922 at the Bauhaus.
This new teaching institution,
which transformed modern design,
had been founded three years
earlier, and emphasized the
connection between artists,
architects, and craftspeople.

Architecture of Josef

Drawing of josef

Furniture designed by josef

Glass work

Leaf studies

Paint of josef

Structural Constellations

Weavings of annie

More work of Annie

http://www.albersfoundation.org/art/anni-albers/weavings/index/

Homage to the Square

Usually painting on Masonite, he

used a palette knife with oil colors
and often recorded the colors he
used on the back of his works. Each
painting consists of either three or
four squares of solid planes of color
nested within one another, in one
of four different arrangements and
in square formats ranging from
406406 mm to 1.221.22 m.

Stacking Tables

Albers considered balance,

harmony and proportion coupled
with simple, functional forms to be
the basis of intelligent design. He
also applied this principle to the
furniture that he designed from
1926. As a result, the nest of four
tables can be stacked and easily
transported as a set. Furthermore,
their glass surfaces combine easy
care with aesthetic styling and
colour design.

A video

http://www.albersfoundation.org/teaching/josef-albers/introduction/

Noted students of Albers

Richard Anuszkiewicz (painter)

Robert Slutzky (1929-2005) painter,

teacher of painting and
architecture, co-author, with Colin
Rowe, of Transparency: Literal and
Phenomenal, Parts I and II

Ruth Asawa (sculptor)

John Day (painter)

Norman Carlberg (sculptor)

Robert Engman (sculptor)

Julian Stanczak (painter)

Erwin Hauer (sculptor)

Cora Kelley Ward (painter)

Gerald Garston (painter)

Neil Welliver (painter)

Eva Hesse (sculptor)

Joseph Raffael (painter)

Jane Davis Doggett (graphic artist

and designer of airport wayfinding
signage systems)

Robert Rauschenberg (painter and

sculptor)

Varujan Boghosian (collage artist

and sculptor)

Harry Seidler (architect)

Irving Petlin (painter