NEET Model Papers Free Practice Set 1 Botany

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1. 1. Question
The smallest and largest cell structures are found respectively in:

Bacteria and Acetabularia among plants

Mycoplasma and Egg of Ostrich among animals

Bacteria and Egg of Ostrich among animals

Both a and b

Correct

Bacteria and Mycoplasma (PPLO) are the smallest plant and animal cell respectively
where as Acetabularia and egg of Ostrich are the largest plant and animal cell
respectively.
2. 2. Question
Normally cell wall is composed of cellulose, the most abundant organic chemical of earth.
However, the cell wall in algae is exceptionally composed of chemical like:

Cellobiose

Chitin

Peptidoglycan

Xylan and Manon

Incorrect

Cell wall in algae is made up of polysaccharides like xylan, a derivative of xylose and
manon, a derivative of mannose, with alginic acid.
3. 3. Question
Meiosis is characteristically observed in angiosperms at the time of:

Asexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction

Vegetative reproduction

None of these

Incorrect

Meiosis is concerned with sporogenesis in plants and gametogenesis in animals /

Sporogenesis is the part of asexual reproduction and gametogenesis is the part of sexual
reproduction.
4. 4. Question
Reducing sugars are characterised by:

Having free - CHO or = C = O groups

Reduce silver oxide to silver in Tollens reagent

Reduce cupric

All of these

in Fehlings solution or Benedict's reagent

Incorrect

Reducing sugars would oxidize (lose electrons) easily or be affected by enzymes during
transport if they were present in phloem sap / Sucrose being non reducing, remains
protected from this enzymatic oxidation and acts as the most preferred compound for sugar
transportation in phloem.
5. 5. Question
A nucleoside differs from a nucleotide due to absence of:

Pentose sugar

Phosphate group

Nitrogenous base

Both b & c

Incorrect

Nucleoside is a nucleotide with PO4 gr. / Consists of only pentose sugar and nitrogenous
base.
6. 6. Question
Absence of histone protein in prokaryotic chromosome is functionally compensated by:

Microtubules

Microfilaments

Polyamines

Calmodulin

Incorrect

Polyamines carry out the function of Histone protein, i.e. it enables coiling of DNA.
7. 7. Question
In animal cell membrane about 10% carbohydrate is found that remains associated with lipid
and protein forming Glycocalyx. What type of function is carried out by glycocalyx in animal
cell:

Cell recognition & adhesion

Hormone reception

Histocompatibility & immunological reactions

All of these

Incorrect

Glycocalyx has specific hormone receptors, antigen receptors and enzymes for such
activities / It is predominantly made up of glycoprotein with little glycolipid like cerebrosides
and gangliosides.
8. 8. Question
Dinomitosis is characterised by :

Nuclear membrane does not disappear

Absence of spindle formation

Chromatids move attached to the inner nuclear membrane

All of these

Incorrect

Dinomitosis is observed characteristically in Mesokaryotes like Dinoflagellates.

9. 9. Question
Common steroid obtained from Dioscorea and used as anti fertility pills are:

Ecdysone

Estradiol

Aldosterone

Diosgenin

Incorrect

Diosgenin is a derived lipid or steroid obtained from Yam plant or Dioscorea deltoid / used
as contractive or for the manufacturing of birth control pills.
10.

10. Question

In one strand of DNA, the base sequence is TATGATCAT. What will be the base sequence in
the complementary strand of such DNA:

ATACTAGTA

ATATTAGTA

ATTGTACTA

None of these

Incorrect

Both the strands of DNA are having complementary nucleotides / Involves A = T and G C.
11.

11. Question

Lipid rich substances secreted by glandular tapetum that causes increase in thickness of
exine is

Sporopolenin

Pollen kit substance

Callase enzyme

Ubisch bodies

Incorrect

The tapetum of anther secretes both enzymatic and hormonal chemicals like callase
enzyme, ubisch body and pollen kit substance.
12.

12. Question

What is true about Wobble hypothesis:

Suggests economic use of t -RNA

Suggests how same amino acid is coded by more than one codon

Suggests the genetic significance of three N2 bases of a codon

All of these

Incorrect

Wobble hypothesis is given by Crick.

13.

13. Question

Golden rice or miracle rice found supplemented with Vit.A & Iron due to presence of Ferritin
gene transferred from the plant called:

Arabidopsis thaliana

Glycine max

Zea mays

Vigna sinensis

Incorrect

Golden rice / miracle rice is the product of recombinant DNA technology / Glycine max is the
scientific name of Soybean plant.
14.

14. Question

Cork cambium is originated in dicot stem from outer cortical tissue, where as in dicot root, it
is originated from:

Hypodermis

Endodermis

Pericycle

Medullary rays

Incorrect

Cork cambium is a secondary lateral meristem which is responsible for causing secondary
growth in extrastellar region.
15.

15. Question

Oxygen scavenging system during symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legume plants is formed by:

Ferridoxin

Cytochrome

Leghaemoglobin

All of these

Incorrect

Oxygen causes damage to Fe Protein component of enzyme Nitrogenase / Oxygen

scavenging system is a inbuilt protection that is formed by bacterial pigment
leghaemoglobin.
16.

16. Question

The reserve food material found in red algae is:

Myxophycean starch

Laminarin & manitol

Floridian starch

None of these

Incorrect

Floridian starch is a polysaccharide found commonly in red algae as food

reserve / Red algae belong to algal class Rhodophyta and are the rich source of agar and
carrageen / Play major Role in the formation of coral reef in Ocean bead.
17.

17. Question

Zoospore formation in algae is stimulated by :

Low light intensity

Variable temperature

Transfer of algae from running to stagnant

All of these

Correct

Zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion / Also called a
swarm spore and produced commonly in algae as a part of asexual reproduction.
18.

18. Question

Crozier formation characteristically occurs during sexual reproduction in :

Basidiomycetes

Ascomycetes

Deuteromycetes

Both a & b

Incorrect

A crozier is an anatomical feature of many fungi of class Ascomycetes that form at the base
of asci and look like hook-topped shepherds staffs or stylized religious crozier. Croziers
resemble and function similarly to clamp connections in the dikaryotic hyphae of fungal class
Basidiomycetes.
19.

19. Question

What is true about moss sporophyte :

Absence of elater

Sporogenous tissue develop from outer layer of endothecium

Capsule wall possesses stomata & chlorophylls

All of these

Incorrect

Sporophytic generation in Moss is produced over parent gametophyte as a result of sexual

reproduction / Structurally consists of foot, seta and capsule / Sporophyte remains
partially dependant over parent gametophyte for its existence.
20.

20. Question

The sterile hygroscopic hairs found in the sporogonium of lower bryophytes that help in
spore dispersal are:

Paraphyses

Disjuncture cells

Elaters

Collators

Incorrect

In the liverworts, elaters are cells that develop in the sporophyte alongside the spores .They
are complete cells, usually with helical thickenings at maturity that respond to moisture
content.
21.

21. Question

Sago palm is:

Cycas revoluta

C. circinalis

C. rumphii

Pinus

Incorrect

Metroxylon sagu (True Sago Palm) / Cycas revoluta (King Sago

Palm) / Cycas rumphii and Cycas circinalis (Queen Sago Palm).
22.

22. Question

Manoxylic wood is:

Compact, nonporous and hard wood

Loose, porous and soft wood

Having several growth rings

Derived from persistent cambium

Incorrect

Manoxylic wood is observed in a group of gymnosperm called Cycadophyta / Soft and

porous wood hence commercially useless.
23.

23. Question

If you want to set a biotech industry for preparing water soluble lipstick, which one would you
need?

Green algae

Bryophytes

Brown algae

Blue-green algae

Incorrect

Cyanobacteria or Blue Green Algae have water soluble photosynthetic pigments called
phycobillins (phycocyanins, allophycocyanins and phycoerythrin) of different colours, easily
extractable, organic compounds without side-effect, attempt has been made to prepare
lipstick from marine cyanobacteria.
24.

24. Question

Red algae are different from green and brown algae in having:

No flagellated stage in their life cycles

Phycoerythrin within their cells

No chlorophyll a

Both a and b

Incorrect

Red algae have phycobillins (phycocyanins, allophycocyanins and phycoerythrin) and no

flagellated cell is found in their life cycle.
25.

25. Question

Cellulose is the major component in cell walls of:

Pythium

Pseudomonas

Saccharomyces

Xanthomonas

Incorrect

Pythium belongs to the fungal group Phycomycetes means algal fungi. This group
probably evolved from algae due to loss of chlorophyll. They contain about 20% cellulose in
their wall, a feature of plants.
26.

26. Question

The tonoplast is :

Selectivley permeable membrane of plant vacuoles

Contain H+ ATPase

Contain carrier proteins

All are correct

Incorrect

Tonoplast is of parallel behavoiur to plasmamembrane.

27.

27. Question

Histone proteins are synthesised in:

S phase

Prophase

Incorrect

Histones alongwith DNA is synthesized in S phase of cell cycle. It makes chromatin

packaging easy and accurate.
28.

28. Question

Which of the following is the pathway most likely to be taken in animal cells by a protein
(such as the Na+ K+ pump) from its site of synthesis to its functional site?

Plasma membrane rough ER Golgi apparatus secretory vesicle

Rough ER secretory vesicle Golgi apparatus plasma membrane

Golgi apparatus rough ER plasma membrane secretory vesicle

Rough ER Golgi apparatus secretory vesicle plasma membrane

Correct

The secretory traffic begins with RER, proteins are modified and sorted into vesicles in
Golgi. Addressed either to intracellular sites (lysosome) or to outside by exocytosis.
29.

29. Question

The process of cellular secretion of macromolecules by fusing a transport vesicle to the

plasma membrane is called:

Pinocytosis

Endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Exocytosis

Incorrect

Exocytosis of secretory vesicles causes extracellular secretion.

30.

30. Question

The active center of an enzyme is formed by a few of the enzymes:

R groups of the amino acids

Amino groups of the amino acids

Carboxyl groups of the amino acids

Exposed sulfur bonds

Incorrect

Side chains/ R groups of amino acids contribute to enzymes active center as binding and
catalytic groups.
31.

31. Question

The percentage of light energy utilised by higher plants for photosynthesis is:

10%

50%

100%

1-2%

Incorrect

They utilize only a small fraction of light incident on earth but visible/photosynthetic light
reaching earth is 45% of the total electromagnetic spectrum hitting earth.
32.

32. Question

The acceptor of

Oxaloacetic acid

cycle is:

Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate

Malic acid

Phosphoenol pyruvate

Incorrect

PEP is the acceptor of HCO3- (CO2) in the cytosol of mesophyll cell.

33.

33. Question

Which of the following facts is wrong for photosystem II?

Photosystem II accepts electrons from water

It has an absorption maxima at 680 nm

Receives electrons from plastocyanin during non-cyclic electron flow

Intimately associated with oxygen evolving complex

Incorrect

Plastocyanin is the electron supplier to PSI.

34.

34. Question

Teminism refers to:

Translation

DNA synthesis

Transcription

Reverse transcription

Incorrect

Reverse transcription is otherwise called as Teminism as it was discovered by Howard Temin

in 1970, for which they were given Nobel Prize forPhysiology and Medicine in 1975.
35.

35. Question

Sickle cell anemia is:

Characterized by elongated sickle like RBCs with a nucleus

An autosomal linked dominant trait

Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in the beta globin chain of

haemoglobin

Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA

Incorrect

Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait; caused due to a transition mutation in sixth codon of
globin gene resulting in replacement of valine (hydrophobic) by glutamic acid (hydrophilic)
amino acid. This gives rise to sickle cell RBC.
36.

36. Question

Removal of introns and joining all the exons in a defined order forming a pre-mRNA is called:

Capping

Splicing

Tailing

Ligation

Incorrect

Self Explanatory.
37.

37. Question

If the sequence of bases on one strand of DNA is given as GCTAAGTCGAC, the sequence
of bases in the complementary strand is written as:

ACGATTCAGCTG

CAGCTGAATCG

GCTAAGTCGAC

CGATTCAGCTG

Correct

Self Explanatory.
38.

38. Question

Find the correct taxonomic hierarchy

Species Genus Order Class Family Division

Kingdom Genus Species Family Order Division

Species Genus Order Family Class Division

Species Genus Family Order Class Division

Incorrect

Self Explanatory
39.

39. Question

Plant decomposers are

Monera and protist

Virus and Bacteria

Monera and Fungi

Virus and Dinoflagellates

Incorrect

In plant kingdom Monerans are unicellular decomposers and Fungi are multicellular
decomposers.
40.

40. Question

Find out the example of ex situ conservation

Blood bank

Seed bank

National park

Sacred groves

Incorrect

Self Explanatory
41.

41. Question

Choose the correct identification

A Seta B Leaves C Rhizoids D Capsule E Sporophyte F Main axis G

Gametophyte

A Capsule B Seta C Leaves D Rhizoids E Gametophyte F Main axis G

Sporophyte

A Capsule B Seta C Leaves D Main axis E Rhizoids F Sporophyte G

Gametophyte

A Seta B Main axis C Leaves D Sporophyte E Rhizoids F Capsule G

Gametophyte
Incorrect

Self Explanatory.
42.

42. Question

The character which is common in between common moss and Dryopteris is

Monoecious gametophyte

Dioecious gametophyte

Heterosporous sporophyte

Stele is protostele

Incorrect

The common moss i.e Furnaria and Dryopteris have monoecious gametophyte i.e the male
and female reproductive organs are produced on the same plant but on differens branches.
43.

43. Question

Which of the followings is wrong about crossing experiments conducted in genetics:

Crossing performed by assuming a single pair of contrasting character is called

monohybrid cross

Crossing performed by assuming two pairs of contrasting character is called

dihybrid cross

Crossing the

None of these

Incorrect

hybrid with the dominant parent is called test cross

Test cross is a type of back cross which is performed to verify whether the parents are
homozygous or not. In test cross, the F 1 hybrid is crossed with the recessive parent. The
ratio for a monohybrid test cross remains 1: 1.
44.

44. Question

Crop improvement by preserving wild plant germplasm at -196C, the boiling temperature of
liquid nitrogen, is called:

Vernalization

In situ preservation

Cryopreservation

Refrigeration

Incorrect

Cryopreservation is a process where cells or whole tissues are preserved by cooling to subzero temperatures, typically 77 K (= 196 C, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen). At such a
low temperatures the biological activities or metabolisms found highly minimised and the
plant part remains preserved for a longer period in a semi dormant condition.
45.

45. Question

REase are found in bacteria and thought to be evolved as a part of defense mechanism
against viruses. What is true about REase:

Cleave DNA endogenously at palindromic regions

Can not recognize methylated bases of host bacteria

Discovered by Arber, Nathan & Smith

All of these

Incorrect

Restriction endonuclease enzyme is the genetic scissor that cuts DNA at specific nucleotide
sequences called palindromes. Palindromes are the inverse repeats of same sequence of
nucleotides in complementary DNA strands. Bacterial DNA remains protected due to an
enzyme called methylase that modifies bacterial DNA preventing its cleavage.