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Air scrubbers are commonly used in process-air applications to eliminate potentially harmful
dust and pollutants. A liquid, in general water added with active chemicals adapted to the
process, is sprayed in to the air flow. Aerosol and gaseous pollutants in the air stream are
removed by either absorption or chemical reactions with the water solution.
A schematic drawing of a typical spray nozzle scrubber configuration is shown below.
Water with chemicals are sprayed with high pressure through nozzles into the air flow. Some of
the water evaporates, especially if the process-air is hot, and disappear with the exhaust. Water
droplets are separated from the exhaust and re-circulated back to the water reservoir.
Evaporated water is replaced by fresh water and chemicals. Dust and pollution products from
the process are removed periodically through the drain.
Venturi scrubbers - air or gas velocity is increased through a venturi shape - increased
Not suited if solid particles are present in the air since the fiber mats may plug
Mechanical scrubbers - a mechanical driven rotor produces the fine water droplets in the
air
Impingement-plate scrubber - vertical scrubber with horizontal plates, air flows from
(1)
where
h = scrubber humidifying efficiency (%)
t1 = initial dry bulb temperature (oC)
t2 = final dry bulb temperature (oC)
tw = initial wet bulb temperature (oC)
Scrubber Efficiencies
Typical nozzle scrubber efficiencies
60-70 % with one bank of nozzles downstream
65-75 % with one bank of nozzles upstream
85-100 % with two banks of nozzles
Note! Be aware that low temperature scrubbers can be a potential source for the Legionella
disease. Special cleaning and disinfection precautions should always be taken when the
temperature in the scrubber is in the "Legionella range".