Telc B2 Vizsgafeladatok

First read the ten headlines (a-j).
Then read the five texts (1-5) and decide which text goes best with
which headline. Mark your answers on the answer sheet in the boxes 1-5.
@]
Paddling through Atlantic
lliJ
Fatal accident in London
[I]
HUNDREDS OF SWAN CARCASSES FO UND
[ill
Climate changes in Canada
~ Migratory swans will be surprised
rn
Aphrodite turns heads
[ID
S UMMER IN RECORD BOOKS AS A DRY O NE
[E]
Teenager sleepwclks up 130 ft crone
CD
New record done
DJ
Greek goddesses visit New York
o
THE Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
(WDFW) is set to "haze" [udson Lake as part of a
new scientific experiment to try to stop the
mysterious deaths of hundreds of Trumpeter swans
annually.
The majestic migratory swans will encounter a
loud and wild surprise when they arrive in
Abbotsford from Alaska about mid-October. Instead
of cool breezes stirring the peaceful grassy reeds
along the shoreline, the swans will find their
roosting spot at judson Lake ablaze in shining
lights, an air boat skimming the shallow waters to
scare them away as well as other noisy.devices.
Kraege said the experiment is part of a large
international task force investigating the massive
swan die-offs from lead poisoning in Whatcom
County and the Fraser Valley. More than 2,000
Trumpeters have died from lead shot poisoning

since 1999 in the Fraser Valley and Whatcom
County, Kraege said, noting that 400 swans died last
fall and winter.
Kevin Sinclair, who lives along shallow Judson
Lake, calls it "a death trap" for the swans, because
the muddy bottom is polluted with lead shot. Two
people will be working at the lake 24 hours a day,
seven days a week, to keep the birds from the
wetlands. The $40,000 project is called the
Experimental Management Hazing of Judson Lake
and takes place from mid-October until January.
Kraege said the swans have plenty of other roosting
spots to choose from when they can't land at
judson Lake. The latest effort is part of an ongoing
international investigation on the Trumpeter swan
lead poisoning.
11
D
SUN-WORSHIPPERS and gardeners already know it,
but this summer was one of the driest and sunniest
ever in the Lower Mainland. And Environment
Canada's meteorologists have the proof. Vancouver
International Airport recorded 326.6 hours of
sunshine in August - 22 per cent more than the
average 268 hours for the month. For the past three
months from June through August, it 's been about
15 per cent sunnier than usual. Vancouver had so
much more sunshine than normal- 121 extra
hours - that it's the equivalent of having an extra
two weeks of summer. The dry spell has also been
impressive.
Although June was about average in Vancouver,
just 38 per cent of the normal rainfall was received
in July and August. July saw 25.2 mm of rain, while
just 4.8 mm fell in August. Those months normally

record just under 40 mm each.
No records were set for the dry spell- they
belong to summer months in 1951 and 1986 when
only trace amounts of rain fell. Average maximum
daily temperatures in Vancouver were slightly
above normal in July and June. Further up the
valley, at the Abbotsford airport, it's a similar story.
Just 26.7 mm fell in total in July and August - about
27 per cent of normal. Those months normally
record about 50 mm each. Abbotsford recorded
generally warmer than normal daily maximum
temperatures. July's average maximum temperature
was 24.7 degrees Celsius, versus a normal of 23.4.
August's average was 25.1 degrees, versus a 23.8
normal.
D
IT'S an adventure that, on the surface, has little comparison to the daily life of regular people. For julie
Wafaei, the first woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean using only human power, her expedition symbolizes
something that everyone can relate to. It shows how a formidable task or difficult goal can be achieved if
it's simply broken down to conquerable steps.
"I think that applies to a lot of things in life," said Wafaei this week. Hopefully, she adds, she'll carry
that lesson with her into the future.
It's just one of the lessons that she and fiance Colin Angus are starting to share following the
completion of an epic journey on May 20 this year - Angus having completed the world's first manpowered circumnavigation of the world, and Wafaei being there most of the way.
It took Angus and Wafaei five months to cross the Atlantic Ocean using only their own strength heading through the most severe hurricane season recorded. Despite their plan to avoid hurricane paths,
they were still hit by two. While an average count is around 11 tropical storms through their route, there
were over 25 during their journey.
That kind of experience creates a unique connection with the ocean - the part of the journey that she
had been most enamoured with when the expedition was being planned.
"You're spending a very long time out there so you see it in a very different way. .. you get quite
intimate with the ocean," said Wafaei. It's also a unique consequence of global warming, she said, and ju
one of the examples Wafaei and Angus will share when they start a speaking tour that will take them
across Canada. The opening of their tour, and debut of their documentary on the trek, will be on Oct. 4 a
7 p.m. at the Palace Theatre in Courtenay. Tickets cost $10 in advance, $12 at the door. Along with those
presentations, Wafaei and Angus are doing separate motivational speaking engagements - one locally
with Wafaei, for example, is a talk with the Comox Valley Women's Business Network this week.
12
PASSERSBY in South London thought they were witnessing a suicide attempt when they saw a young girl
climbing up a massive crane at 2 o'clock in the morning. They called 999 and within minutes rescue
workers were headed up the 130ft crane in pursuit. However, the fireman that reached the girl, found
that she was fast asleep and quite unaware of her precarious surroundings.
The teenager had not only climbed the crane whilst asleep, but had crawled a further 40ft out on to the
counterweight section of the crane where she finally fell asleep on a narrow beam. The fireman,
frightened to wake her in case she became frightened and fell, searched the teenager's mobile phone,
found a number for the parents in its memory and had them call her and wake her.
a
NEW YORK - A nude torso of Aphrodite, the Greek
goddess of love, went on public display in New
York last week for the first time outside her
mythical birthplace. The alluring marble sculpture
dates from the first century BC. With her classic
figure and glowing patina, AphroditeAnadyomene, or
Aphrodite emerging from the sea, literally came
out of the Mediterranean. The one-metre-tall torso
was recovered by divers in 1956 at Na Paphos on
the southwest coast of Cyprus.
Bathed in soft light and surrounded by 88 other
relics, the goddess is displayed at the Onassis
Cultural Center in Manhattan in the exhibit From
Ishtar to Aphrodite: 3200 Years of Cypriot Hellenism.
Though her head, arms and lower legs were lost,
this weathered Aphrodite is comparable to the
Louvre's famed Venus de Milo. Venus is of the same
century as Aphrodite, but from the Aegean isle of
Milos. "The relationship between the narrow
shoulders and long, broad hips reflects that

mannerism of Hellenistic sculpture" in the Cypriot
Aphrodite, the exhibits catalogue notes.
Aphrodite's right arm "probably once held the end
of her tresses. Small rivet holes at the back of her
hips suggest that a drapery could have covered part
of her hips."
The works dating to 1450 BC include Bronze Age
swords and spearheads, bracelets and other gold
jewellery, ceramic amphorae and cups, silver coins
and limestone busts. The relics were mostly
recovered from archaeological digs in Cyprus and,
though breathtaking in quality, aren't even the
most renowned from the eastern Mediterranean
island, the organizers said.
A cast bronze tripod stand - 38 centimetres high,
with bovine feet and a bull's head adorning each leg
- typifies a design invented in Cyprus, where copper
mining enabled a rich tradition of bronze work.
13
First read the following text and then choose the answers to questions 6-10.
Therapy Dogs Lending a 'Helping Paw to Students

Kerri Fivecoat-Campbell
It isn't unusual for Ellen Knight, a
school counsellor at Basehor Elementary, to receive requests such as the
note handed to her by a group of students during recess. Scrawled on the
piece of paper: "We would like to know
if we can read to Bailey? Is this a good
time?" Bailey is one of the official
school therapy dogs used in the small,
rural district for everything from lessons to teaching social skills and responsibility to comforting students in a
time of grief or personal crisis.
"Dogs have been used in the classroom
for many years," said Sarah Holbert of
Canine Assistance, Rehabilitation, Education and Services Inc. (C.A.RE.S) . In
the late 1980s and early 1990s similar
organizations started training and providing social dogs to live in facilities mostly in skilled care facilities and
group homes for the elderly. Research
suggested that dogs lowered blood
pressure, and senior citizens who owned
dogs lived longer with fewer health
problems. People suffering from
Alzheimer's disease could also relate to
dogs; many recalled the best friends of
their youth and became happier when
given access to a dog once again.
When C.A.RE.S. was founded in
1994, they recognized that there was a
need for dogs that were trained beyond
simply being social dogs. "We train
them in a professional therapy dog
program," said Holbert. "Our dogs are
trained on the same level as service
dogs." C.A.R.E.S. is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing trained
service dogs and to do that, Holbert
explained, all dogs must be tested for
temperament , spayed or neutered, pass
physical exams, and test negative for
heartwonns and physical abnormalities.
14
The dogs enter the program as early

as possible and go through many
months of training. The ~verage age
for a dog to actually be assigned to an
owner is eighteen months. "We never
let them go before twelve months,"
said Holbert. "They just need that time
to grow and mature." When the dogs
graduate from the program, they are
trained to help support people who
might have to lean on them while
getting up after falling; they are taught
sign language to assist hearing impaired; they know forty-three basic
commands and are even trained for
basic search-and-rescue, not only for
emergencies but also to play hide and
seek with the children.
Once the dogs are certified for work,
they're ready for potential owners,
who are required to use them to work
in a facility to minimize the problems
encountered by so many facilities
years ago. Owners must also complete
a rigorous one-week training program.
They must pass a public access test and
be certified, which includes C.A.RE.S.
trainers observing the owners working
with their dogs in the schools.
Henry Woolf visited an alternative
school in 1990 where therapy dogs
were being used. His visit convinced
him of the positive outcomes of therapy dogs on students who were having
problems in school. In 2004, he decided to get a therapy dog from
C.A.RE.S. , Inc. after going through the
owner-training program. He ended up
with River, a black Lab.
The first time Woolf met "Mandy"
(not her real name), it was in truancy
court. The junior high, special needs
student had been absent over forty
days during the school year until that
point. The judge asked me if I had a

plan to keep her in school," said WooIf.
"I told him I did, but I couldn 't tell her
because then she would know the
plan." Woolf had previously discussed
with the girl's mother his idea to use
River with Mandy. "I then told Mandy
that I had a surprise for her, but I
wouldn 't tell her what it was until she
showed up for school," said WooIf.
"When she came into school the next
day, I introduced her to River and told
her that if she didn't come to school to
care for him, he wouldn't get walks,
water or love." Mandy showedup for
the rest of the school year, with the
exception of two days. It was Mandy's
responsibility to take River for his
walks in the halls and give him love
and attention.
For schools that use therapy. .dogs,
the list goes on. Therapy dogs have
been used in lesson planning from
math to social studies. "In math, they
might weigh the dog and then convert
his weight from pounds to grams," said
Holbert. The most popular lesson in
which to use therapy dogs is in teaching young children to read. School
officials say the dogs are perfect listeners. "They are not judgmental; they
don't care if you don't get the words
exactly right," said Knight.
Holbert said for children in special
education the dogs provide unconditional love and support and even friendship to students who usually don't have a
lot of friends. "Also, if the dogs are made
part of their classrooms, it instillsa sense
of pride and self-confidence in these
kids," said Holbert. "It opens up dialogue
and otherchildrendo want to talk to them
and be their friend because they are so
specialas to have the dog."
ow decide which is the correct answer (a, b or c) to the items 6-10 and mark your answers on the
answer sheet.
Therapy dogs can
~ cheer up children .
1]
ease children's sorrow .

feel children 's grief.
In a survey dogs were considered to be able to
~ help their owners live in a healthier way with fewer problems.
cure certain diseases such as high blood pressure.
1]
cheer up people suffering from Alzheimer's disease.
[J
Dogs' training starts as early as possible and lasts
~ 12 months or more.
until they learn to do their jobs.
1]
18 months.
Not only dogs, but their owners are trained to
~ give basic commands and use sign language.
:IJ
pass an exam.
know their dogs better.
Therapy dogs can help
@]
children 's mental and physical development.
lliJ
children entertain themselves.
CS]
shy children make new friends.
15
First read the ten situations (11-20) and then read the twelve texts (a-I). Decide which text goes best
with which situation. Each text can be used only once. Mark your answers on the answer sheet (11-20).
In some cases there may be no suitable text. Then mark x.
Ell
Your colleague is going to retire in three weeks and you would like to buy him a unique present.
He likes and collects old things like call-ups and kits.
You are going to move to Nigeria for a year and you wouldn't like to take your 12-year-old
daughter with you. You are looking for a school for her in Great Britain.
You work as a full-time secretary but you are underpaid and need some extra work.
You are a mother of three (3, 7, 11) and want your children to go to the same school.
You would like to renovate your old mansion and need some information on how to repair doors
and windows.
You are spending a few days in Britain and are interested in Sir Horatio Nelson's most famous
ship.
You are an unemployed accountant and looking for an odd job .
Your ll-year-old daughter is interested in the French language and culture and you look for a
school where she can improve her speaking skills.
You've inherited a house in bad condition in the countryside. You would like to sell it.
Your son is a fan of the Royal Navy. He's interested in everything in connection with it. If you are
in Great Britain don't miss visiting this place.
Robertsbridge Community College

Knelle Road, Robertsbridge
Required for session in May and June
EXAMINATION INVIGILATORS
New posts created as a result of changes to teachers' pay and conditions. The work will be hourly
paid at a rate of 7.4520 per hour. Prime duty will be the supervision of students undertaking
external examinations and you will be working as part of a team supervised by a member of the
teaching staff. Ideal part-time work for ex-teachers, retired civil servants, ex-bank employees,
etc., i.e. any well-educated adult with previous good work experience.
Infonnation: 01580 880360
16
Oak frame construction once a dying art

s. BARLOW
is now enjoying something of a renaissanc e. As more and more people
look to build their own bespoke homes
LIMITED
the beauty and quality of an oak frame is
quickly becoming realized. Anoth er plus is the durability in design which range s from the
traditional, such as Wealden Hall Houses, which were traditionally built within the Weald of Kent
and East Sussex in and around the 14th and 15th centuries and were said to "Express the quality
of life in a prosperous age ." Period Oak creates each bespoke frame usin g traditional handc rafted
methods handed down from the builders of the original 14th and 15th centu ry homes which can
still be seen today. The quality and craft sman ship of these beautiful buildings is a real inspiration
to each one of our IO-strong team.
PERIOD OAK
Take Off to the Fleet Air Arm Museum

THE Fleet Air Arm Museum in Yeovilton, Somerset is a "m u st see" when in the
Southwest! The Museum houses the largest collection of naval aircraft anywhere in
Europe and it includes eight aircraft which cannot be seen anywhere else in the world.
Situated alongside Euro pe's largest Naval Air Statio n you are likely to see Sea Harri ers and
helicopters going throu gh their rigorous training procedures (dependent up on operationa l dem ands).
Inside the museum you will have the opportunity of going on-board Concorde and being tr an sported
by a simulated helicopter flight to the repli ca flight deck of the aircraft carrier HMS ARK ROYAL.
A combination of two enormous projection scree ns , coupled with ten rea l aircrafts , put you
in the heart of the action as powerfu l jet fighters take off and land aro und you.
You' ll expe rience the thrills and sou nds of a working fligh t deck, and even see a nucl ear bomb.
L550,OOO
L850,OOO+
CASH BUYER
CASH BUYER
This fit, fit, fit couple have run

out of space for all their bicycles and
urgently seek a delightful new home
almost an ywhere in the Headcorn,
Goudhurst, Hawkhurst, Wittersham
neck of the woods. They need a home
for three children and their chickens!
Bond Street Fashion Director who

works jolly hard six da ys a week
spends an y spare time she ha s
renovating period and character
country properties with her partner
who is a brilliant builder.
The y need a characterful detached house in

a semi-r ura l setting, perhap s at the edge of
a village and with a maximum of 10 acres to
play in. Useful, too, if there were a handy
railway station - out of the sound of trains, and
away from road traffic.
They are now looking for another project

anywhere in Kent or East Sussex that has
potential. If you have a run-down property or
former fann buildings, nursing homes, etc. that
wou ld lend themselves to a sympatheti c
conversion, they have the money and vision
available immediately. They are willing to wait
for you to find your onward move.
17
Portsmouth Historic Dockyard

HOME to three historically significant and well-known ships HMS Victory, HMS Warrior and the Mary Rose.
Two museums - The Mary Rose Museum and the Royal Nava l Museum - are open to the public.
A multi-million pound in te ractive sh owcase, ACTION STATIONS. detailing the modern-day navy.
is the most rec ent major addition.
The eyes of the world will be on Portsmouth during 2005, the bic entenary of Th e Battle of Trafalgar,
arguably the most famous sea battle ever an d led by HMS Victory. The Battle took pl ace on the 21st
October 1805 off the coa st of South West Spain and is one of the most decisive in hi story. Make this
the year to visit the Portsmouth Historic Dockyard and realise, there is so m u ch more to see!
A ntique and fin e furniture, silver, plate,

jewellery, ceramics, metalware, clocks, rugs, etc.
A
nti que Sale
To include: 2 large oak refectory tables, a large Victorian

Wednesday 26t h April at 11am
oak breakfront library bookc ase, a Regency table piano by
Brod erip and Wilkinson Georgian and a Victorian chest of drawers, a collect ion of mil itary uniforms
and swords and much more:
View this illustrated catalog ue fro m Thursday at www.burstowandhewett.co .uk
Viewing on Tuesday 25th April 9am-7pm and morning of sale from 9am
ABBEY AUCTI ON GALL ERY

Lower La ke, Battle,
East Sussex
Tel: 01424 7723
Battle Abbey SchooL is a thriving co-educationaL boarding and day schooL

for children aged from 5-18. It is Located on two sites - the Preparatory SchooL
stands in its own attractive, spacious grounds in centraL BexhiLL-on-Sea,
and the Senior SchooL is Located in BattLe, within the stunning surroundings
of BattLe Abbey and overLooking the famous 1066 BattLefieLd.
The Preparatory School in Bexhill-on-Sea,
In 2004 and 2005 100% of our candidates
(01424) 219674, has superb facilities, includ- obtained 5 passes at GCSE at Grade Cand above.
ing a 25-metre indoor swimming pool and a At A-Level there has been a similarly hig h pass
brand- new astro turf multi-sport pitch.
rate with 50% of grades at A or B. Places have
Continuity of education is one of our key been gained at many of the top universities,
attracti ons, and pupils may apply to join including Oxbridge. Please telephone (01424)
us at any t ime during th eir school caree r, 772385 to make an appointment to visit the
with Preparatory School pupils t ransferring Senior School in Battle, and (01424) 219674 to
at 11, subject to academic attai nment, visit t he Nursery and Preparatory School in
to a guaranteed place in t he Senior School.
Bexhill-on-Sea.
www.battLeabbeyschooL.com
18
High
acade m ic
achievement goes
ha nd in hand with
a happy fam ily
-' atmosphere .
Success and
happiness
'----
At Sutton Valence Preparatory Schoo l,

chi ldren are encou raged to develop the ir
indi vidua l tal ents to the fu ll, co ntri buting
pos itively and enthus iastica lly to school life .
By encouraging the ch ildren to experience
a wide range of academic, sporting ,
musical and cu ltu ral activities, we prepare
them for entrance to our senio r school,
Sutton Valence, or other secondary schools,
both independent and maintained .
C hildren enter Kinde rgarten at the age of 3 ,
based in a high quality, purpose -b uilt unit
which opened in 200 1. Teachi ng and care
standards are high and fo unded upo n the
need for young child ren to learn through play
and the exploration of the ir surrou ndi ngs .
Progression through the school is seamless
and by the time they are 7 ou r children are
academ ically well-grounded , articulate and
confident and ready to tac kle the wider
curriculu m and challe nges provided fu rther
up the school.
Fro m ages 7- 1 1 ch ild ren a re ta ug ht in
a pu rpo se-built cl a ssroom b lock where
special ist subject teaching beco mes an
integra l part of their curr iculum .
Choosing the right school for their ch ild is
one of the most important decis ions pa rents
have to ma ke. We would welcome a visit
from you so that you can absorb the specia l
fam ily atmosphere and ethos and see what
we have to offer.
DJ
LAMBERT FOSTER
Auction Sale
Finest Quality Luxurious Decorative
Individual Hand-Knotted
CONNOISSEUR & DECORATIVE
PERSIAN & EASTERN CARPETS
A collection of outstand ing merit and variety
representin g most of the major knottin g
regions to be sold mainly under pressurised
disposal instructions with numerous items to
be sold
WITHOUT RES ERVE
in all sizes, from room sizes, oversize,
scatter rugs & runners
on
SATURDAY 29th APRIL 2006

Sale starts 11.00 am (view from 09.30 am)
St Mildred's Church Hall

Church Road, Tenterden
NATURAL FARMS LTD

Confident person required to present and
sell our delicious pies in a variety of
interesting locations. You will hold
a driving licence and have a pas sion for
good food. This part-time position will
include weekend work.
Please phone and tell me why this job is
for you!
01580 830090 Ask for Tony
Please contact Mrs Anne Leckie,

Headmaster's Secretary to arrange a visit.
Telephone: 0122 84117
Email: anne@svprep.svs.org.uk
www.svs.org.uk
19
Traditional family vaLues are very important

at CLaremont and consequentLy there is no
boarding and no Saturday schooL. There is a
maximum of 18 pupils per class and high
staff: pupil ratios throughout.
The curricuLum is broad and includes Art,
Music, Drama and Sport. The schooL offers a
daily transport service to and from Hastings,
BexhilL and surrounding areas. The schooL aLso owns a Large property in N. France, where all
children from year 3 upwards have the opportunity of appLying their Linguistic skills, whilst
enjoying the LocaL French cuLture.
In the Nursery SchooL children follow the 6 EarLy Learning GoaLs, and in addition are offered
French, Music and Drama classes. Entry to CLaremont Prep SchooL is via the Nursery where
preparation for the transition takes pLace in the spring and summer terms.
Clarernont School is set amidst

100 acres of beautiful countryside on
the outskirts of St. Leonards-on-Sea.
It caters for children from 1 to 13
years of age, is open from Barn to 6pm
daily, and accepts only day-pupils
OPEN DAYS - Friday 12th and Saturday 13th May

This is an opportunity for prospective parents to view the whoLe schooL including the Nursery,
as weLL as a chance to meet staff and pupils. (No appointment necessary.)
TeLephone 01424 751555 for further information
or visit our website www.cLaremontschooL.co.uk
Visits can aLso be arranged at short notice with the Headmaster.
20
Test 1
Read the following letter and decide which word or phrase (a, b, or c) is missing in items 21-30.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.
Dear Mum and Dad,

It's great to be in Cornwall,
El! having spent such a long time stuck in London . I've spent this
EE all the things I EIl enjoy.
week
On Tuesday, Mark and I spent the whole day horse riding. We

barn
~ all the way out to that old
the river and then we had a picnic. On the way home, Mark fell
times. The last time
his horse three
EE happened he fell straight into a stream. He says he will never go riding
with me again!
We've
El!] to the beach two or three times. The weather isn't so bad so we are able to go
swimming. The only problem at this time of year is that the beaches are so crowded that it's
almost impossible to find
EIJ to sit.
Last night a group of us went to Exeter. We had a beautiful meal in a restaurant near the
cathedral. We all ate far too much.
I'm on volume 4 of Harry Potter, so with one more volume
m,
I expect to finish by the end of
the month. As you see I'm having a lovely time.

Best wishes,
Susan
El!
@]
[ill
[]
while
after
as
@]
[ill
[]
rode
cycled
wal ked
EE
@]
[ill
[]
that
this
it
EIJ
@]
[ill
[]
somewhere
nowhere
everywhere
EE
@]
[ill
[]
m[ill@]
El!]
to do
doing
do
[]
by
at
along
@]
[ill
[]
been
gone
trave lled
m[ill@]
[]
EIl
@]
[ill
very much
[]
really
m[ill@]
off
down
[]
very
over
goes
to go
will go
21
Test 1
LANGUAGE~fiEMENTS(Part
2)
Read the following text and decide which of the words or phrases (a-o) is missing in items 31-40.
The Stone of Eloquence

BLarney, of course, is as oLd as our race but it is onLy within comparativeLy modern times that it got
its own shrine in Co. Cork, where the BLarney Stone is the great symboL of the pecuLiar, charming
quaLity of the Irish. It is situated in the Castle of the same name a few miles from Cork city and
every year
El! seventy thousand peopLe climb 120 feet to the dizzy battLements to Look EE
eLoquence. At times the medievaL winding stair of the Castle is jammed with peopLe going up and
E!J how eLoquent they can become and they speak of each other with a mthat is
down. As they stand on each other's feet, poke cameras in any availabLe eye, dig eLbows deep into
ribs, it is
mED .
admirabLe even if the choice of Language is occasionally depLorabLe.

The stone
is a bLock 'of Limestone about four foot, one inch Long, one foot, one inch wide
and nine inches
There is a chip missing in the front, removed, it is beLieved, by one of
CromweLL's cannon baLLs when his army besieged the pLace.

The vaLue of the stone has been estimated at about ten miLLion pounds and it couLdn't be
more if it was made of soLid ruby. The vaLue is caLcuLated on the quite vast sums that have been
offered for a brief Loan of the thing.
The question of saLe or Loan is now academic as Sir George CoLthurst, who died in 1951, made the
Irish Government one of the trustees of the stone. It is unLikeLy that any poLitician wouLd run the
EIJ of annoying the pubLic by allowing the precious reLic to Leave IreLand even for a short period.
There are EIJ stories about the origin of the stone. is said that it is Jacob's Pillow brought back
It
from the HoLy Land during the Crusades. Some knight packed it
~ with his spare suit of armour and
when his wife was unpacking she asked what it was. The ancient knight said, more or Less, that if he
couLd get a few more stones Like it he might build a castLe. It is aLso said that it is a part of the Stone
of Scone or Stone of Destiny which is now incorporated in the Coronation Chair at Westminster.
@] fluency
[5]
22
after
IT]
[Q]
several
risk
[I]
rn lots
[ill
in
[I]
surprised
surprising
~ tall
DJ to
rn some
mfor
[ill
[ill
itself
deep
[ill
worth
You will hear five news items. You w ill hear each item only once. Then you will have time to answer
t he questions.
Decide which headline (a-g) goes wi th each news item.
Now you will have 45 seconds to read the headlines.
Tracks 1-5:
m
~
~
[ill
School employs guard
[5J
Fate sea led
[]
Aid flow begins for Java victims
[ill
King's execution garter auctioned
~ New rules welcom e
IT]
Tube passengers trapped
[ID
B O MB ALERT ON T HE T UBE
23
You will hear a radio interview. First you will have one minute to read the introduction and the
items. Then you will hear the interview. You will hear the interview only once. Then you will have
t ime to answer the questions.
Decide if the statement for each of the items is true (+) or not true (-) and mark your answers on
the answer sheet.
Now you will have one minute to read the items.
Track 6:
The world didn 't hear about the Romanian orphans before the revolution in 1989.
Parents put all their children into orphanages because they we re lack of money.
tIJ
Children weren't looked after in an appropriate way.
In the end, Susan Booth travelled to Bucharest in 1997 and met modern Twist Olivers in an
institute.
Susan was shocked when she realised that a lot of children lived in the underground pipes.
3J
The ragged children didn 't have any relationships with their relatives.
There isn't hierarchy among children because everybody is as poor as the other.
~
~
24
These children's aims are the same: to stay alive in spite of the hunger, cold and
loneliness.
Susan Booth didn 't have any difficulties with collecting donations and medical supplies as big
compan ies were will ing to help and an Irish photographer gave her a helping hand.
Supporting poor people is so common in the USA that people weren't surprised about Susan's
action .
You will hear five short texts. You will hear the texts only once. Then you will have time to answer
the question for each text.
Decide which is the correct answer (a, b or c) for each question and mark your answers on the
answer sheet.
Tracks 7-11:
Your friend is explaining to you how to play a new ball game. It can be played
[]
[liJ
on your own.
[IJ
with two players.
in pairs with 2 or 3 teams.
You hear the following telephone conversation between a taxi driver and an emergency operator.
What's the problem with the woman with him?
@]
[liJ
[IJ
she's having a heart attack

she was hurt in an accident
she's having a baby
You are a conference organiser and find the following message from a Spanish professor
on your telephone answering machine. When will you put his lecture in the agenda?
@]
[liJ
[IJ
on Wednesday morning from 10 to 12

on Wednesday afternoon from 4 to 6 before dinne r party
on Wednesday afternoon from 3 to 5
You are listening to the radio and hear this advertisement. What's being advertised?
@]
[liJ
[IJ
house cleaning
home repair
carpet cleaning
You are listening to the weather report for 3 days on the radio. When is it going to be dry and sunny?
@]
[liJ
[IJ
on Sunday and Tuesday

on Sunday
every day depending on location
25
Situation 1:
You are a Mathematics teacher at a secondary school in Manchester but in July you are going to
move to Kent so you have to look for a new workplace. You have found this advertisement in
Wealden Advertiser and decided to apply for the job.
Marlborough House School

lAPS Co Educational 327 Pupils 3-13
Required for September 2006
Mathematics Teacher
We seek an inspirational teacher with great enthusiasm
and interpersonal skills to join this thriving and
forward-looking school.
Departmental responsibility a possibility for the right
candidate.
For further details and an application form, please
contact:
Marlborough House School
Hawkhurst, Cranbrook,
Kent, TN184PY
Tel: 01580 753555 Fax: 01580 754281
E-mail: head@marlbhouse.demon.co.uk
Please note that only applications made using
the school s own application form can be accepted.
26
Write a letter of application. Your letter

should contain at least two of the following
points and one other aspect:
Your reason for applying for this job
Your qualification and experience with
this sort of work
Your plans for the future
Why you are the best for this work
Before starting the letter, decide on the
order in which you think the three points
should be included as well as an
appropriate introduction and close. Include
your address and the address of the
school, also the reference line, date,
salutation and closing formula.
You have 30 minutes to write the letter.
Please write 150-200 words.
Situation 2:
You see the following information in the British Museum's What's on Magazine.
Friends events
Join the British Museum Friends and enjoy a
programme of special activities for members
including lectures, even ing openings and days
out to areas of specia l interest. Friends also get
First View and free entry to exhibitions courtesy of
the museum and an annual subscription to the
British Museum Magazine.
l55 , l50, l40 concessions or direct debit
Telephone 02073238195/8605
frie nds@the britishmuse um.a c.uk
www.thebritishmuseum .ac .uk/friends
Young Friends
Join the Young Friends of the British Museum and
en joy ReMUS the maga zine for Young Friends,
sleepovers in the Museum and other special
events for members aged 8-75.
Telephone 020 7323 8605 for details.
First Thursdays
Visit during the evening of the first Thursday in the
month and enjoy free gallery talks, lectures, music
and entry to special exhibitions. The restaurant,
cafes and shops in the Great Court remain open.
Prehistoric Britain
The evening eve nts include a lecture and gallery
talks abo ut prehistoric Britain and the Roman
occupation.
Thursday 6 May, 17.30-20.30
lecture 18.30; gallery talks 18 .30 & 19 .30
Classical myths and legends

The evening will focus on classical mythology
starting with a lecture and supported by gallery
talks throughout the Museum.
Thu rsday 3 June, 17 .30-20.30
lectu re 18 .30; gallery talks 18.30 & 19
You and your f riend are interested in th e cultural events organised by the Brit ish Museum and
would like to join the Brit ish Museum Friends Association to be able to get enough informat ion
about t heir programmes. However, you wou ld like to have more deta ils f irst and have decided to
wr ite to the secretary of the Association to express your int erest and ask for more information.
Your letter should contain at least two of the following points and one other aspect:
Ask about annual membe rship fee
Explain w hy you would like to join
Ask more info about the events of t he next 3 month s
Ment ion your own interest
Before starting the letter, decide on the order in which you think the three points should be
included as well as an appropriate introduction and close. Include your address, the reference line,
date, salutation and closing formula.
Please write 150-200 words .
27
Test 1
Candidate A/B/(C) - (30-60 seconds in total)

Introduce yourself to your partner. Tell him/her, for example, why you are learning English, what
your hobbies and leisure interests are or how you have prepared for this examination.
This part of the examination will not be marked.
Candidate A/B/(C) - (2 1/2 minutes per person)

The examiner will invite you to do a short presentation to your partner(s) on one of the following
topics (the prompts in brackets offer some ideas). The presentation should take about two minutes.
After the presentation your partner(s) will ask you some questions.
After your partner has finished his/her presentation you should also ask questions that are of
interest to you.
You should not interrupt your partner during his/her presentation unless absolutely necessary.
A book that you have read (topic and plot, author, characters , style, your opinion, etc.)
or
A film that you have seen (topic and plot, actors, your opinion etc.)
28
est 1
ndidate A/B/(C) - (2 1/2 minutes per person)

'; ead the following text. Discuss the content of the text with your partner.
- ", I him/ her your opinions, give reasons and personal examples to support your ideas. Talk about
r own experience with the problems mentioned and possible solutions.
Climate Changes Melting Swiss Tourism

John Zarocostas
Over the centuries, Swiss mountain communities such as these
have proven resourceful in adapting to natural adversities, and in
recent decades, they have turned
the Alpine beauty into a cash cow
by promoting winter sports.
However, the fast pace of modem life is sending worrying signals in the form of dramatic
changes in temperature and climatic conditions in the Alps that
threaten the annual multimilliondollar winter sports and tourism
industry.
Fearing the worst, some Swiss
policy-makers and business leaders are urging mountain communities to hedge against this risk by
diversifying their economic activity into sports and ventures that
are less dependent on snow.
This majestic region is dominated by roughly 150 square
miles of year-round ice and snow.
Scientists think it is highly probable that in the near future - say,
around 2050 - the glacier may
shrink to its smallest size since the
late Bronze Age, or even less.
From 1250 B.C. to 1050 R C., the

Aletsch glacier was at least 1,000
yards shorter than it is today.
Bruno Messerli of the Geography Institute at the University of
Bern reckons that some of the
driving forces behind the environmental changes detected in the
Alps reflect the profound increase
in economic activity worldwide.
According to academic studies,
from 1890 to 1990, the world's
human population quadrup led,
the wor ld eco nomy increased
fourtee n-fold, industrial output
rose by forty times, and energy
use grew thirteen-fold, he said.
In that period, fresh-water use
increased nine-fold, the amount of
land irrigated rose by five times,
the cattle population increased
four-fold, carbon -dioxide emissions increased seve nteen-fold
and sulfuric-oxide emissions went
up thirteen-fold, Messerli said.
The warmer temperatures are
also posing a problem in terms of
"ski security" in the Alps, which
translates to having a hundred
uninterrupted days with a
mmimum twelve-inch snow

cover for winter sports.
"We shou ld take sum mer
tourism more seriously again,"
Messerli said in an interview. He
conceded that at present, the
hundred-day period from Christmas to Easter is when operators
look to make all their profit for
the year.
Pure air is one of the key selling
points ofthe region - in addition to
the mountains and nature - especially in the emerging tourist markets in countries such as China.
Matos-Wasem points out that in
the late nineteenth-century and
first half of the twentieth-century,
breathing fresh air was the driving
force that spurred the growth of
sanatoriums in the Swiss Alps and
other locations, to treat tuberculosis patients, until the invention of streptomycin put the institutions in economic hardship.
Pure alpine air, nevertheless, is
still used as a major selling point
by many hotels, clinics and medical institutions and some private
schools, the researcher said.
29
Candidates A/B/(C)
You and your friends would like to organise a youth club for your schoolmates to be able to spend
your free time in a good way. There is an empty room in the basement of the building and the
headmaster will allow you to use it as a club if you present him a plan how to organise it.
Tell your partner your ideas and try to agree on the following points:
how to renovate this place

how to furnish it
who can use it
when members can use it
what kind of programmes you will organise
how to collect money for this project
who you will invite to take part in this project
30
;;. .r:
READING COrvlPREHENSION (Part J)

Fi rst read the ten headlines (a-j). Then read the five texts (1-5) and decide which text goes best with
~ Almost sticky situation
First to see the Light
1] IT CAN
ONLY GET HOTrER
JD
Available Only From Nature
]J
Greenhouse effect causes climate change
]] Prime ministe r t o taLk about the future
:ID
JlJ
OJ
Who is going to buy houses?
IT]
Illegal booze trade on the rise?
HOUSE PRICE BOOM TO GO ON
Alcohol tax to be increased
o
WITH 15 days to go, 1999 could be about t o b reak
all time temperature reco rds. Scientists at the
Meteorology Serv ice an d South State"Univers ity
said yesterday it could be the warmest ye ar for
the co untry since records began in the capital in
1794 - unless the col d snap continues.
"Seven of the top 10 hottest years were in the
1990s," said Paul j onat h an of the climate research
centre last night. "The other three were in the
late 1980s."
The world over, researchers have studied tree
rings, ice cores, coral growths and historical
records for clues to past temperatures. These tell
the same story: this has been the warmest decade
for 1,000 years.
In 1999 temperatures have been above average
every month, except June. The hottest year was
1990, but 1999 could still beat it. "It depen ds on
how long this cold snap last s," said Dr jonathan .

"It's what we would expect as a res ult of
continued gree n house gas build-up an d forcing of
the climate system by this hum an input in to the
atmosphere," he added.
Last year was, globally, the hottest for the
planet. Climate scientists blamed it on El Nino,
the cyclic bubble of heat that appeared
mysteriously in the Pacific, distorting weather
patterns and triggering floods in normally dry
regions, and droughts in rainforest areas. El Nino
was followed by a rapid dip in Pacific
temperatures, called La Nina.
Daniel Parkinson of the Meteorology Service
said: "Our forecast for 2000 shows a high
probability of it being warmer than 1999, as the
cold Pacific slowly warms again naturally, but
only a low probability of beating the 1998 record."
31
El
THE bacterium Caulobacter crescentus uses the toughest glue on Earth to stick to river rock s, and now
scientists are trying to figur e out ho w to produce the stuff.
The adhesive can withstand an en ormous am ount of stress, equal to the force felt by a quarter with more
than three cars piled on top of it. That' s two to three times more force than the best retail glues can handle.
The single-celled bacterium uses sugar mol ecules to stay put in rivers, streams, and water pipes, a new
stu dy found. It's not clear how the glue actually works, however, but researchers presume some special
proteins must be attached to the sugars.
"There are obviou s applications since this adhes ive works on wet surfaces," said stu dy leader Mark
Brickwall, an Alamo University bacteriologist. "One possibility would be as a biodegradable surgical adhesive."
Engin eers could use the superior sticku m too, Brickwall and colleagues say.
But making it ha s proved challenging. Like a mess of chewing gum, the gunk globs to everything ,
including the tools used to create it.
"We tri ed washing the glu e off," Brickwall said. "It didn't work."
o
CROSS-BORDER beer smuggling is on e of the fastest
growing retail businesses in the country, according
to a survey.
More than 100,000 vans are esti mated to have
made the cro ssing stacked with illegal beer im ports
from the neighbouring countries in the past yea r 12%up on 1998 and double the number in 1993
when the European single m arket wa s formed.
Buyin g cheap du ty-paid bee r in these countri es,
wh ere tax levels are around one eighth of domestic
rates, is no t illegal if the beer is for person al
consumption. But importing for res ale is
smuggling, and the National Revenue an d Customs
Authority believes "van man" smuggling ha s
reached record levels. The NRCA says it operates
undercover surveillance of smugglers at borders

and beli eves they are becoming m ore sophisticated
as customs officer s attempt to clamp down on the
trade. It says smugglers ar e using less conspicuous
vehicles like people carriers and estate cars.
NRCA estim ates 11,500 beer-car ryin g vehicles
a year head for the capital and that the ne xt most
popular destination is major cities , with ne arly
7,000 vans a year.
An NRCA spokesman said: "The beer-runner s are
we ll-organized and are ch eating the country out of
millions of Euros of taxes, and with such a mas sive
rise in th e number of vans in 1999 the market for
the selling of this beer must be on e of the fastest
growing retail sectors."
HOUSE prices will continue to run ah ead of wages and inflation next year with average pric es leaping
by 11%in 2000, according to forecasts publish ed tod ay by NBS building society.
News of the con tinuously rising h ouse prices is exp ected to be accompanied today by reforms from the
dep artment of trade and in du stry, which are likely to include measures preventing lenders making it
compulsory for borrowers to buy insurance with their mortgages.
The government had a me eting with mortgage lenders this week and is expe cted to call an other
mortgage "summit" next month as part of its strategy to end "rip-off customers" and bring mortgages
under the remit of th e City regulator, the financial services authority. Hou se prices rose by around 13.5%
in 1999 , according to NBS, and the in creasingly buoyan t econom ic outlook will sustain confidence in the
market in 2000, it says. The fore cast is backed by Colonial Prop erties, which yesterday predicted that
house prices will rise by 10%in 2000.
A 10% increase will add an extra 7,500 to the pric e of the average house in th e country, bringing it to
around 82,700 . In the capital, where average prices are closer to 133,000, the for ecast in crease will take
32
prices to 142 ,000. But NBS expects the biggest in creases to come outside the capital. "During 2000 the
northern and we stern housing markets, which have this year been h eld back by the slu m p in
manufacturing, are lik ely to see prices grow more closely in lin e with th e average," it says. How ever,
Colonial Prop erties, although expecting a "more even " na tional pattern, believes the capital will continue
to lead the w ay in percentage increases.
The only factor holding ba ck price in cr eases will be further interest rate increases. with eco nom ists
predicting that mortgage rates could rise from their present level to a peak of 8%.
o
THERE is clearly som ething a bit spe cial about
Kaiuli Beach . Whether it is som ething in the
winds, or in the seas. or in the stars. is ha rd to say.
But special it undoubtedly is. For this sh ort strip of
coastal land on the edge of the city of Glancemour
has two huge claims to fame.
For centuries. Kaiuli Beach has be en at the
crossroads of New Zealand's sometimes bitter
m ulti-racial hi st ory, the place wh ere, in a very real
sense, the w ho le cou n try began. But in only a few
weeks' time. the beach and the whole Glancemour
area will also become one of the focal points of
the planet, as Glancemour becomes the first city
in the world to greet the dawn of the new
mi lle n niu m.
Every day in the w orld's easternmost city, th e
sun comes up ou t of the Pacific "like a ba ll of fir e
from th e ocean." as Wal green puts it - the Maori
name for the district, Tarau whiti, m eans "th e coas t

u pon which the su n sh in es across the waters". On
January 1, 2000. therefore. midway through the
south ern hemisphere su m mer, Glan cemour gets to
launch the first party of the millennium. It will do
so at about the time that people in w intry Europ e
are still wa tch ing the dying light of 1999 an d while
those in America are still eating their fin al lunch es
of the 20th cen tury.
At 5.39 a.m ., the su n w ill st rike the su m m it of
Mount Haikurengi, some 80 miles to the north of
Glancemour. Seven minutes later. the firs t rays of
th e new century will break across the oce an and be
visible from the city of Glancemour itself. "Our
cou n try and our pe ople will quite lit erally be fir st
to th e fu ture." says Prime Ministe r j eremy Stanley
in some of the m ountain s of promotional materi al
to m ark the coun try's m oment in the su n .
33
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Whether we are switching the
light on, drying our hair, using the
microwave or working on our
computers, energy is an essential
of modem life. We use it every
day in most of the things we do. It
creates convenience and comfort,
helps keep us healthy and entertained. Our civilisation would
collapse without it.
Yet there is also a heavy price.
Traditional methods of power
generation have created a legacy
of acid rain, oil spills and despite billions of pounds of
research - nuclear waste, issues
all of which need to be considered. That price never appears
on the quarterly bill. Renewable
energy comes from different
sources
that will
remain
sustainable long after fossil fuels
simply disappear. Photovoltaic
cells that convert our sunlight into
electricity, wind turbines that
exploit climate , hydro-power
which captures energy from
falling water, and wave power
which captures energy from the
rise and fall of tides are some of
the main sources.
Wind and water power are well
established although such sources currently provide only 2% of
Britain's electricity. Yet renewable energy now meets approximately 20% of the world's
34
electricity needs; this could rise

to 30-45% by the year 2025.
There is a huge potential for the
effective use of renewable
sources of energy in this country,
but its implementation is poor.
What are the costs ofusing nonrenewable sources?
Most serious of all would be' the
contribution to climate change.
We have been continuouslypumping a large amount of carbon
dioxide and other gases into the
atmosphere. The gases unlocked
by burning the coal which fuelled
the industrial revolution are
augmented by the steadily
increased burning of other fossil
fuels, such as oil and natural gas,
just like other carbon dioxide
emissions, such as from car
exhaust gases. The carbon dioxide creates a blanket around
the earth . Heat which would
normally disappear into space
can 't escape , and is reflected
back to be soaked up by the seas
and oceans. Our world gets
hotter. This is called the Greenhouse Effect. Is it a coincidence
that 11 of the 12 hottest years on
record have occurred since 1980,
with 1998 the hottest year eyer
recorded and 1999 set to be in the
top 10?
Europe has seen the average
temperature increase by 0.8C
this century, and the WorldHealth

Organisation warned in July tlfat
global warming could result in
mosquitoes spreading diseases
like malaria and encephalitis
through the northern hemisphere,
Exceptional weather this
summer in New York City created
perfect breeding conditions .for
mosquitoes and helicopters were
used to spray the entire city with
insecticide. Large parts of European countries suffered their
worst floods ever last year. The
government has recognised
climate change as one of the
greatest environmental < threats
facing the world today; The
government's chief scientist says
the Gulf Stream, which makes
Britain's climate so benign,
could be haIted. Nowhere is
immune. In the Arctic, where
temperatures are higher than at
any time during the last two
centuries, the ice keeps melting.
Wildlife can't adapt fast enough,
and polar bears, walruses and
whales are losing their feeding
grounds. Marine biologists
reported in July that most of the
world's coral reefs could die
within the next century. With
predictions of global temperatures rising by a further 3-4C
over the next century, worse is
likely to be in store.
Now decide which is the correct answer (a, b or c) to the items 6-10 and mark your answers on the
answer sheet.
The implementation of renewable sources
@]
lli]
[I]
is not as efficient as it could be.

needs more money.
has huge potentials.
D
The carbon dioxide blanket
@]
[li]
[I]
protects the Earth from space radiation.

does not let hot air out to the space.
was created by the Greenhouse Effect.
[]
The temperature in Europe
@]
lli]
[I]
has been changing coincidentally lately.

broke records in 1980.
has increased by almost
r-e in average.
Britain's climate
@]
lli]
[I]
is changing rapidly resulting changes in wildlife.

is mild because of the Gulf Stream.
suffers from the melting ice.
In the following century
@]
lli]
[I]
marine biologists will have to save coral reefs.

temperature around the globe might rise a further 3-4C.
scientists will look for solutions to global warming.
35
" First read the items (11-20) then read the text. Decide which part of the text (a-I) contains the
information in each of the items. Each part of the text may only be used once.
Domestic specialties for the whole country
The current culinary masterpieces
The reason why we can take it home from the supermarket
Wide range of selection for every taste
Nothing compares to the original
The only real thing
Back to the roots
Where does it come from?
Tribute to the First Lady
You can be thankful for the poor
There are not too many nations that can say their national dish has become an internatio a
phenomenon. Italy has two such dishes, pasta and of course pizza. In America pizza usually fal c
into two categories: thick and cheesy Chicago style or thin and more traditional New York pizza.
In Ita ly pizza also falls into two distinct categories: Italian pizza and the rest of the world. It mig seem silly considering the basic ingredients, but one taste of a true Italian pizza and that's it. 0
will never feel the same about this simple and delicious food again.
Pizza in its most basic form as a seasoned flatbread has a long history in the Mediterranea .
Several cultures including the Greeks and Phoenicians ate a flatbread made from flour and wat e .
The dough would be cooked by placing on a hot stone and then seasoned with herbs. The Gree
called this early pizza "plankuntos" and it was basically used as an edible plate when eating stews
or thick broth. It was not yet what we would call pizza today but it was very much like mode
focaccia. These early pizzas were eaten from Rome to Egypt to Babylon and were praised by e
ancient historians Herodotus and Cato the Elder.
The word "pizza" is thought to have come from the Latin word "pinsa". meaning flatbread (althoug
there is much debate about the origin of the word). A legend suggests that Roman soldiers gaine
a taste for Jewish Matzoth while stationed in Roman occupied Palestine and developed a simi
food after returning home. However, a recent archaeological discovery has found a preserved Bro nze
Age pizza in the Veneto region. By the Middle Ages these early pizzas started to take on a more
modern look and taste. The peasantry of the time used what few ingredients they could get t heir
hands on to produce the modern pizza dough and topped it with olive oil and herbs.
36
]J
:ID
::5J
JJ
The introduction of the Indian Water BuffaLo gave pizza another dimension with the production of
mozzarella cheese. Even today, the use of fresh mozzarella di buffaLo in ItaLian pizza cannot be
substituted. While other cheeses have made their way onto pizza (usually in conjunction with
fresh mozzarella), no ItaLian Pizzeria wouLd ever use the dried shredded type used on so many
American pizzas.
The introduction of tomatoes to ItaLian cuisine in the 18th and earLy 19th centuries finaLLy gave
us the true modern ItaLian pizza. Even though tomatoes reached ItaLy by the 1530s it was wideLy
thought that they were poisonous and were grown onLy for decoration. However, the innovative
(and probabLy starving) peasants of NapLes started using the supposedLy deadLy fruit in many of
their foods, including their earLy pizzas. Since that fatefuL day the worLd of ItaLian cuisine wouLd
never be the same, however, it took some time for the rest of society to accept this crude peasant
food. Once members of the LocaL aristocracy tried pizza they couLdn't get enough of it, which by
this time was being soLd on the streets of NapLes for every meal.
As pizza popuLarity increased, street vendors gave way to actuaL shops where peopLe couLd order
a custom pizza with many different toppings. By 1830 the "Antica Pizzeria Port'ALba" of NapLes
had become the first true pizzeria and this venerabLe institution is still producing masterpieces.
The popuLar pizza Margherita owes its name to ItaLy's Queen Margherita who in 1889 visited the
Pizzeria Brandi in NapLes. The PizzaioLi (pizza maker) on duty that day, RafaeLe Esposito created a
pizza for the Queen that contained the three coLors of the new ItaLian flag. The red of tomato,
white of the mozzarella and fresh green basil was a hit with the Queen and the rest of the worLd.
NeapoLitan styLe pizza had now spread throughout ItaLy and each region started designing their
own versions based on the ItaLian cuLinary ruLe of fresh, LocaL ingredients.
The Pizza Margherita may have set the standard, but there are numerous popuLar varieties of pizza
made in ItaLy today. Pizza from a Pizzeria is the recognized round shape, made to order and aLways
cooked in a wool fired oven. RegionaL varieties are aLways worth trying such as Pizza Marinara, a
traditionaL NeapoLitan pizza that has oregano, anchovies and Lots of garLic. Pizza NapoLi: tomato
mozzareLLa and anchovies. Capricciosa: a topping of mushrooms, Prosciutto, artichoke hearts,
oLives and a boiLed egg. Pizza PugLiese makes use of the LocaL capers and oLives of the area while
Pizza Veronese has mushrooms and tender Prosciutto crudo. Pizzas from SiciLy can have numerous
toppings ranging from green olives, seafood, hard-boiled eggs and peas.
Besides regionaL styLes there are severaL varieties that are popuLar throughout ItaLy. Quattro Formagi
uses a four cheese combination using fresh mozzareLLa and three LocaL cheeses such as gorgonzoLa,
ricotta and parmigiano-reggiano. ItaLian tuna packed in oLive oiL is aLso a popuLar topping aLong
with other marine products Like anchovies, shellfish and shrimp. Quattro Stagioni is a pizza (simiLar
to the Capricciosa) that represents the four seasons and makes a good sampLer pizza with sections
of artichokes, saLami or Prosciutto cotto. mushrooms, and tomatoes. In Liguria you may find pizza
topped with basiL pesto and no tomato sauce. Of course there are hundreds more to discover and
aLL of them are delicious, not to mention the other members of the pizza family.
In the past few years a pizza with pomodoro pachino and rughetta (cherry tomato and aruguLa)
became extremeLy popuLar. ALso mozzarella di bufaLa is becoming the choice for better pizza. Other
types of pizza: pizza aL tagLio aLso known as pizza rustica is soLd everywhere in ItaLy, usually by
weight and often piled with marinated mushrooms, onions or artichokes. This styLe of pizza is
cooked on a sheet pan at street staLLs and makes a good quick Lunch. Focaccia resembLes the
earLiest pizzas being without tomatoes or cheese but covered in oLive oil, carameLized onions and
other savory toppings. Sfincione is a thick Sicilian sheet pizza that uses tomato sauce, anchovies
(usually anchovy paste) breadcrumbs and caciocavaLLo (or another LocaL variety) cheese.
37
IT]
[K]
rn
ItaLian caLzones are (no surprise here!) smaller than their American cousins and are often fiLLed
with either meats or fresh vegetabLes (a favorite is spinach) and mozzareLLa. A newer Line of
desserts gaining popuLarity is the emergence of sweet pizzas and traditionaL ItaLian pizzerias are
trying to accommodate this trend by using unique ingredients. These dessert pizzas often have
flavor combinations such as NuteLLa, honey, fruit jam, yogurt, even mustard and Liquor.
One thing to keep in mind when ordering pizza in an ItaLian pizzeria is that the product is personaL
size. Each person at a t abLe shouLd order their own individuaL pizza - one bite will expLain why.
In certain areas outside ItaLy, there are a few PiazzioLi who keep to their homeLand traditions as
best they can with the ingredients they have, but it really isn't the same. In the end there is no
going back once you try a reaL ItaLian pizza, no deLivery or frozen product will ever stimuLate your
taste buds the way a reaL pizza wiLL.
And there is frozen pizza too but usuaLLy it doesn't even come close to the reaL thing. The first
frozen pizza in the worLd was set right just for an air-shipment in the Second WorLd War. Francis
Ferrari, an ItaLian-American from Newark, got a Letter from his brother Fred who was fighting for
the marines saying "If I couLd have a pizza Like the one which mama made at home, I wouLd put
up with aLL the sufferings". After many attempts, Francis managed to invent a pizza, which couLd
endure the air-voyage and reach the marines who were fighting against the Japanese. Coming back
from the war, Fred, fed on frozen pizzas, set up together with his brother a society for spreading
the noveLty aLL over the worLd.
Justin Demetri, LifeinitaLy.com
Dear Sir or Madam,

First off aLL I want to thank you for aLL your heLp
El! pLanning our trip to PaLermo. What a
great experience! The HoteL Olive Garden was a great hotel. The Location was perfect for us and
the staff were so friendLy and heLpfuL.
The restaurant at the hoteL was exceLLent. The hoteL staff at the front desk were extremeLy
heLpfuL in showing us on maps how to get to pLaces and where to go. We went to Piana and
Reggiota and they
38
EE the trip.
Even though we had the 2-bedroom apartment we decided to change after the 2nd night
because of the road noise. We're not quite
EI] the traffic noise, Serdina is a very busy city. The
staff changed our rooms to 2 single rooms ~ price in .a quieter part of the hotel. It was
perfect after that. We met a lot of great people who helped us when language was a problem but
other than that we
E1j with our English. I'm surprised how well they know the language. The
city is beautiful and the food was great.
We also met people who had been there before and told us what to see. One was the market in
Pesidera. What a
ED place! I bought salami and sausage there. I loved the buildings too. Our
taxi driver who picked us up at the airport was a treasure. He was waiting for us at the airport
EE we were a bit late and was on time (6:00 a.m.) to bring us back. What a wonderful
experience we had in a country I never thought I EIJ go to. Your help has made the
experience go smoothly and we EIJ that a great deal. I EIlJ everyone about the trip and
how beautiful Pa lermo is and about the service you provided.
Thanks again for all your help and the services you provided.
Yours truly,
Jim Osbourne
EI!
[ill
[Q]
[g
to
in
for
EE
[ill
[Q]
[g
were worth
worth
did worth
EI]
[ill
[Q]
[g
use to
used to
used
[ill
[Q]
[g
on the same
the
for the same
E1j
[ill
[Q]
[g
got on
got well
got by
ED
[ill
[Q]
[g
remarkably
remarks
remarkable
EE
[ill
[Q]
[g
but
even though
thus
EIJ
[ill
[Q]
[g
will
would
did
EIJ
[ill
[Q]
[g
appreciate
apprehend
apprentice
EIlJ
[ill
[Q]
[g
speak
say
te ll
39
Turtle Care
Like many other reptiles and amphibians, turtles are
to children. However, many people buy
turtles based on their "novelty factor," never taking into account the animal's special needs. When
you purchase a cat or a dog, there are always several costly procedures that must be taken to
ensure their good health and longevity; shots, operations, etc., not to mention crates, toys, dog
houses, and grooming products. Turtles aren't as complicated to care
EE,but many die in
captivity because they aren't treated with the same degree of care and attention as their furbearing counterparts. If they are properly cared for, turtles can live for many decades, but this
requires you to pay close attention to their diets, living arrangements, and treatment.
Making sure a turtle has enough room to live in, making sure it has enough light, shade, an"d
moisture, clean water, and a basking lamp are just a few of the steps you need to undertake to
keep your pet turtles healthy.
In some cases, people choose to try and
El] a turtle's natural habitat as authentic as possible,
and this sometimes means setting up a turtle pen outside. Doing so means your turtle will
m
m
hibernate in the fall, which is great if you plan to breed turtles, since their natural cycles aren't
being tampered with. Also, turtles which do not hibernate have been known to
If you have small children, it would be best to make sure they do not
liver diseases.
turtles attempting to
hibernate by digging them out. This also means you won't be seeing your turtle until late spring,
when it comes out of hibernation.
Some people use refrigerators to try and recreate ideal conditions for the turtles to hibernate.
This practice is not recommended for the simple reason that in the event of a power
ED,or a
sudden rise in temperature, the turtle's slumber will be interrupted, and in some cases, that could
be fatal. It is best not to let your turtle hibernate at all if you are planning on keeping it indoors.
When you keep a turtle indoors, it is important to consider the following: Your turtle's tank
EE
must be at least 40 gallons. There must be enough room to put a land area, and a water area. Your
turtle should also have a place where it can bask in the heat of a sun lamp.
40
The ideal temperature for your turtle's habitat depends greatly on the breed, as terrestrial turtles
can maintain body heat longer than
ED turtles. In general, keep the tank around 80 during the

0
daytime and 700 at night. It is a good idea not to take the turtle out of its tank to show itpff or
pl~y with it.
These EIJ changes in temperature can affect the ~ system of reptiles, since they
are cold-blooded animals and take longer to adjust to the changes.
@]
mistake
[Q] capacity
[gJ excited
[g disturb
[5] fascinating
rn
[ill]
failure
[JJ
[ill
[ill about
aquatic
immune
[ ] are building
[DJ
[ill
develop
fluent
rn sudden
[I] for
make
You will hear five news items. You will hear each item only once. Then you will have time to answer
the questions.
Decide which headline (a-g) goes with each news item.
Tracks 12-16:
m
~
~
~
mG
@]
New regulations for the city
[Q]
C H ICA GO W ELCOMES PAHTI ES
[g
Less income for businesses
[ill
No one got hurt
[ill
Deadly railway accident
rn
Not much help from weather
[gJ
New safety measures by City Council
41
You will hear a report. First you will have one minute to read the introduction and the items. Then
you will hear the report. You will hear the report only once. Then you will have time to answer the
questions.
the answer sheet.
Track 17:
The major reason of crashes is speeding.
Michael did not have a valid driving license.
[J
He did not let a black car pass him.
After losing control over his car, he fell down on another road.
He forgot to use his seat belt.
Even the safety featu res of modern cars can't save us in high-speed crashes.
[ason drives 80 and picks up the speed of traffic.
Ten years ago the police started giving tic kets over 65 mph.
According to Mr. Leech people always tend to drive over the speed limit.
Radar detectors are legal everywhere so drivers know whe re they can speed.
42
answer sheet.
Tracks 18-22:
In India there is a gesture
@]
lE]
with an opposite meaning.

with a negative meaning.
~ with a different meaning.
To remember a dream
we have to be a good sleeper.
J2]
we usually have to wake up.
~ it has to be something we are afraid of.
The meteorite incident
~ was life-threatening and caused injuries.
iliJ
can bring money to the family.
[IJ
triggered the introduction of new safety measures by the authorities.
Strawberries
lE]
[IJ
were grown by Native Americans as early as in the 17th century.

brought good luck to the newly-weds, according to the Romans.
were brought to America by European settlers in the 16th century.
Originally, Thanksgiving dinner
@]
consisted of turkey, cranberry sauce and mashed potatoes.
lliJ
could not have been served with potatoes.
[IJ
was only eaten by Native Americans.
43
Situation 1:
Your workplace is planning a staff get-together to celebrate a successful year. It is your responsibility
to organise everything, including food, programmes, etc., and you find the following flyer.
Perfect Catering is a full service Event Planning Company offering you a personalized
approach to the important details that will make your corporate event a joy and a wonderful
memory.
Our goal is to provide your event with the very best in dependable top quality planning
while maintaining sensitivity to your budget. We are dedicated to making every event a
fulfilled success.
Grand Openings
Quarterly Incentives
Staff Picnics
Holiday Celebrations
Yacht Cruises
Theme Parties
Packages are available with entertainment, decorations, giveaways, locations, and all setups.
Call for locations throughout major cities or choose your own location. We will make all the
arrangements for on-site and off-site events.
Our well-trained employees are friendly, enthusiastic and dedicated to making your event
memorable.
We would be delighted to customize a package tailored to your exact needs and within your
budget. Please call or contact us for a price quote.
At Your Service
1967 Pacific Boulevard. Suite A
Winter Park. FL 32792
Phone: 4075553516
Write an inquiry letter to the company above.

What you expect from the service
Details of your plans regarding the party
Your special requests and wishes (preferences/disl ikes)
Ask for references from the company
included as well as an appropriate introduction and close. Include your address and the address of
the company, date, salutation and closing formula.
44
Situation 2:
You find the following advertisement in a newspaper.
8rig"t Future International Yout" Festival 2006

Bright Future Youth Festival- the World Festival of Youth Arts - is one of the highlights of London's cultural calendar and
is the major summer arts event in England.
Celebrating the best youth ta lent from all over the world, the Festival brings London to life with 10 days of dazzling
entertainment, music, theatre and dance kicking off with a colourful grand parade th rough the city centre. With events taking
place throughout London there is something for everyone, from orchestral concerts to steel drums, song recitals and massed
choirs to traditional music, ballet to African dance and drumming, as well as critically acclaimed opera productions and
special events for children.
Youth orchestras, choirs, music groups, dance and theatre groups can apply to take part in the Festival by sending us an
application form and a recording of a recent performance. Groups must be of amateur status and made up of young people
not over the age of 25 years. The Festival also offers a programme of summer schools, projects and workshops that involve
localyoung people.
From dance and trad itional music summer schools, workshops instreet dance, a copella, theatre and copoiera, a regional
orchestra and music projects as diverse as producing opera with young singers from around the world to a choral music in
London primary schools, there are many ways to get involved in the Festival.
For more details please contact Rick Desoto
Bright Future Youth Festival
P.O. Box 72519
London SW1 4AB
You are interested in the festiva l and would like to show your talent to the world. You decide to
w rite a letter to the contact person because you would like to have more details. Write a letter to
Rick Desoto and express your interest in the programme.
Ask what the management can provide during the festival

Give details about your planned performance
Ask for more information about the festival
Write your expectations of the festival
the festival organiser, also the date, salutation and closing formula.
45


interest to you.
A song or album you have listened to (music, style, lyrics, etc.)
or
A concert or musical performance you have seen (music, actors/actresses , topic, etc.)
46
Test 2

Read the following text from a magazine. Discuss the content of the text with your partner.
Tell him/her your opinions, give reasons and personal examples to support your ideas. Talk about
your own experience with the problems mentioned and possible solutions.
Children and Video Games

Video games were introduced in 1973 and can be played on many types of platforms, not
only on computers and on home consoles connected to TV sets, but in arcades, on mobile
phones, Palm Pilots, and handheld devices.
The computer and video game industry is a billion-dollar industry in almost every
developed country, with global estimates of $172 billion by 2007.
PrevaLence
According to an international survey by the
NIMF (National Institute on Media and the
Family), 92% of children and adolescents
ages 2-17 play video games.
Almost three-fifth of all children ages 3-18
live in a household with a video game
system.
A third of all children between 3-18 have
game consoles in their bedrooms. By
comparison, 50% have a TV, 25% have a
VCR and 18% have a computer in their
room.
Preferences
Among 3-18 year olds, the most popular
genres that dominate kids' video game
playing are action or combat (43%), sports
(42%), and adventure (38%).
Among kids ages 7-18, boys are much more
likely to play action than girls (52% v. 29%)
or simulation (13% v. 4%) video games.
Simple entertaining games, where the main
action does not include fighting or
destruction are more popular - especiaLLy
among girls - as children get older.
Amount of Time Spent PLaying

A major study indicates that between ages
3-18 children spend, on average, between
20-33 minutes a day playing video games.
How much time t hey spend playing video
games varies by age. 3-7 year-olds spend 9
minutes a day, 8-14 year-olds spend 34
minutes a day, and 15-18 year-olds spend
22 minutes a day playing video games.
30% of aLL children (2-18) will play some
kind of video game on any given day; they
spend - in average - a little bit over an
hour (1:07) playing.
Boys definitely spend more time playi ng
video games than girls, regardless of age
(45% v.16%).
Boys between ages 7-13 (UTweens U) spend
the most time playing video games, on
average playing peaks at 49 minutes a day.
Playing video games is an activity that
kids tend to do alone, even more than
watching TV.
47
Candidates A/B/(C)
You and your partner have to move to another city for one year, and you want to rent a place where
you can live.
First decide on your ideas regarding the move.
any necessary arrangements you have to make before leaving

what personal belongings you will take with you
how much you can afford to spend on rent
how to find your temporary home
what type of place to look for
how to select your temporary home (requirements, preferences)
your own ideas about anything else you think is important
48
Test 3
First read the ten headlines (a-j). Then read the five texts (1-5) and decide which text goes best with
~ Baby boom in zoo
:liJ
Who pays for air poLLution?
NEW T ECH NO LO GY IN VENT ED TO CLEAN MARBLE
JIJ
Walkout hits Jobcentres
]] Parthenon restorers to use lasers

] ] Ra re ChameLeons eye a brighter future at zoo
~
JJJ
JJ
JJ
H EBER LE' S AGONY - TO LEAVE O R NOT TO LEAVE
Trainer quits after wretched six months

Lead test for smelter kids
Civil servants and factory workers claim higher salary together
EXPERTS h oping to restore some of

the ancient glory of the Acropolis
in Ath ens h ave de cided to use
modern laser techniques to clean
away pollution from the 2,500year-old Parthe non Marbles.
Using a new tec h no logy that
combines lasers with
microwaves, restorers hope to
clean 16 remaini ng figures that
once adorned the Parthenon in
time to display the sculptures for
the 2004 Olympics. The statuary
is a series of sculptures in a frieze

that once adorned the upper
sections of the Parthenon in
Athe ns. Sixteen segments remain
in Greece, while 17 are at the
British Museum in London and
are also called the Elgin Marbles.
"It will be done with a
pionee ring method th at is being
pu t into effect - maybe for the
first time - with lasers, but also
with a combination of two
microwaves," says Maria
Ioannidou, head of the Acropolis

monuments' restoration team. Ms.
Ioannidou says it will be the first
time lasers and m icrowaves are
used together for such cleaning.
After two years of practising on
othe r marbl es, the Cen tral
Archaeological Council rece ntly
gave approval for the method.
Experts hope to begin using it as
early as next mo nth. The cleaning
will take about 11 months for
each of the m arbl es.
49
El
SYDNEY'STaronga ZOO h as unveiled the latest
additions to its spring baby boom: bright-green
veiled chameleo ns . Taronga took charge of a
breeding pair of veiled chameleons, which ar e
native to the oases across the deserts of Yemen and
Saudi Arabi a, in 2004.
The female laid eigh t eggs at the zoo six m onths
ago but died sho rtly afterwards. Four of the eggs
hatched last month, and the youngsters w ere
unveil ed to the public yesterday. They have alre ady
doubled in size to 5cm in length, living on a diet of
day-old crickets. "They eat all day," said reptil e
manager Peter Harlow. To breed one of the world's
mo st intriguing species, the veiled cham eleo n, is a
huge ach ievem en t. "They could do quite well in the
Australian climate, but it' s a very long process to

im po rt them. Th ey have to go th roug h medical an d
security ch ecks, and get approval from all the state
and fede ral govern men ts."
If they' re happy, the you ng ch am eleons ar e a
pastel green colour. When angry, ups et or
threat ened, they turn a dark olive-green . As they
age, their range of colours expa nds. The adults are
a mi xture of red, green, grey, yellow and black.
"You can tell w hen they're cold, hungry or h appy, "
Mr Harl ow said. "Fro m the day they hatch, they
have the ability to change colour."
Chamele ons are vulnerable to h abitat loss ,
becau se m any populations have evolv ed in small
isolated pockets and are unabl e to rel ocate.
D
TRICIA HEBERLE, th e Great Britain and Eng land wom en's coach, has re signed and will leave the post at
the beginning ofJuly. The former Australia defender ha s paid the price after Britain's failure to qualify for
the Athens Olympics.
Heberle, 45, said sh e had agonised over the deci sion. ,,1 n eed to be pas sion ate and motivated about what
I do," she said. "At some point you h ave to get off the m erry-go-round. I loved the job and did m y best but,
principally, I just want qu ality of life."
After restoring the England squa d's battered morale in the wake of the disastrou s Sydney 2000 cam paign ,
Hebe rle 's communication skills and com mitment helped to tra nsform the training programme and within
a year England were ranked in the top six in the world. They won gold medals at the 2001 World Cup
qu alifyin g tournament and 2002 Champions Challen ge , and the silver at the 2002 Com m onw ealth Gam es.
Heb erle has had a wret ched six m onths that saw the deaths of both h er parents, Eng lan d's form
declining and Britain's Olympic failure.
50
UP TO 100,000 government
workers went on strike
yesterday in one of the worst
days of industrial unrest in Civil
Service history.
Picket lines for med outside
Jobcentres, benefit offices,
prisons and gove rn ment
departments in a walk-out over
pay that h it the Depa rtment of
Work and Pens ions, the Prison
Service and the Office of
National Statistics.
The biggest action involved
90,000 workers at t he DWP.
They were joined in a 48-hour
CIVIL
SERVICE
st rike by 4,500 prison workers
and 1,700 members of staff at
the ONS.
Mark Serwotka, gen eral
secretary of the Public and
Commercial Services Union,
which re presen ts all the
strik ing w orkers, said : "Rat her
than attempt to find a
comprom ise to deal with the
issue of low pay, sen ior
management prefer the bully-
boy tactics of imposing divisive

bonus schemes and real-term
pay cuts."
The union says thousands of
workers earn less than 11,000
a year. The average UK wage is
now 25,170.
The DWP could not say h ow
Jobcentres and benefit offices
we re being affected.
But a spokeswoman added:
"Our pay offer is wo rth m ore
than five per cent on average
and, for many of the lowest
paid, it is worth between eight
and nine per cent."
D
QUEENSLAND health authorities are testing 400
ch ildre n in Mt Isa for exposure to lead from the
town's giant smelters. "It's important to measure
the blood-lead levels of young children in Mt Isa,
due to its industry and location in a highly minerali sed area," regional dire ctor of environmental
health services John Piispanen said. "Ch ildh ood
exposure to lead can h ave harmful effects on
intellectual deve lopme nt and cau se behavioural
problems ."
Political considerations had been blamed for preventing the introduction of air-quality monitoring and
mandatory health checks at Mt Isa's two smelters. The
Australian revealed earlier that a senior manager at the
Queensland Environment Protection Agency blamed
political considerations for preventing the introduction
of air-quality monitoring and mandatory com munity
health checks at Mt Isa's smelters, the largest source of
lead emissions in Australia. Mass screening has not
been completed for at least five years.
51
Test 3
READING COMPREHENSION (Part 2)

Clueless parents ask schools to set a child's bedtime

Some parents are so reluctant to
take responsibility for raising their
children that they want headmasters to set bedtimes. Four in
ten believe schools should stipulate when their youngsters go to
bed, according to a survey. The
research follows a warning from a
headmasters' leader earlier this
week that millions of middle-class
children are underperforming
because their parents are too soft
to impose rules . The growing
trend means many spoilt children
turn up at school 'unfit to learn'
and even fall asleep at their desks
because their parents are too
afraid to enforce bedtimes.
The survey of 500 parents of
children aged 5 to 16 for The
Times Educational Supplement
shows 40 per cent believe schools
should issue guidelines about
acceptable bedtimes. Some have
managed to pressure heads into
doing this already, with 9 per cent
of parents saying their schools
recommend bedtimes or minimum
hours of sleep. About a fifth of
parents said their children had lost
sleep in the last month. After bad
dreams and worries about homework, watching television and
staying out late were the most
common causes. Almost 70 per
cent of children had TV sets in
their bedroom, with almost half of
5 to 7-year-olds having their own
52
set. The figure rises to 85 per cent

for 14 to 16-year-olds.
Children with a television in
their bedroom slept for half an
hour less on average than those
without, the research revealed.
This is because after finally going
to bed, children generally do not
put out the light for a further 15 to
30 minutes, with some still up
two hours later. One in three
watches TV, one in four watches
DVDs or videos, one in eight
accesses the Internet and one in
ten plays computer games. Those
aged 14 to 16 are more likely to
be doing these activities.
3 per cent of parents admitted
they did not know what time their
children finally put out their
lights. Almost one in five children
set their own bedtimes, mainly
those at Key Stage Three (ages 11
to 14) and Key Stage Four (ages
14 to 16). Two out of three Key
Stage One children (ages 5 to 7)
go to bed by 8 p.m. but a few stay
up beyond 9 p.m. Key Stage Two
children (ages 7 to 11) usually go
to bed between 7.45 p.m. and 9
p.m. but 5 per cent are still up
after 9.30 p.m. Youngsters aged 5
to 11 generally get 10 to 11 hours
sleep. Seven in ten Key Stage
Three children have gone to bed
by 9.30 p.m. but a few stay up
beyond 10.30 p.m. On average,
they get about nine hours of sleep.
A common bedtime for Key Stage

Four children is 10 p.m. but 4 per
cent regularly stay up beyond 11
p.m. They get about eight to nine
hours of sleep on average. But
children in this age range are most
likely to lose sleep by worrying
about school work, revising or the
approach of GCSEs . One in ten
aged 7 to 11 has lost sleep over
national curriculum tests.
Ralph Surman, a member of the
Government's Steer inquiry into
behaviour, insisted it was not the
job of schools to set bedtimes.
The deputy head of Cantrell
Primary School, Nottingham,
said: "It is the responsibility of
parents because it's about setting
a routine. Parents -need to get
children into the routine of getting
up in the morning, getting dressed
and getting to school and at the
end of the day doing their
homework, watching a bit of TV
and going to bed. If children do
not get into these life routines
they will not be fit for employment in future."
A survey by Saga found almost
half of grandparents would like to
change something about the way
their grandchildren were brought
up, believing their parents were
giving them too much of a free
rein. Here's a sample of the latest
comments published readers
have sent in.
'This doesn t surprise me in the least. Whilst at university, I worked on Saturdays for a well-known
department store based in Sloane Square. The middle-class children were the loudest and worst-behaved
and you would often hear the ineffectual whiny pleading of their parents, who seemed incapable of
admonishing their offspring. The parents in this survey should concentrate on parenting and learn to say
no, rather than abdicate their responsibilities to already over-stretched teachers. Stop trying to be your
childs friend and start focusing on doing yourjob as a parent. "
- Melanie, LondoIl
"If parents cannot even. establish proper bedtimes for their children they should not have them. One
cannot drive a car without passing a test and maybe the similar criteria should be applied to parenthood
- mandatory training for parents-to-be on how to bring up their children?
1 can almost hear the sucking ofbreathfrom the PC brigade - but doesn ~ it make sense? Especially when
the behaviour ofmost children is nothing short ofappalling. "
- Barry Mckay, Ottawa, Canada
"I am glad I am not a new parent. My children were brought up with strictly adhered to bedtimes. But
that was in the days before government interfered with all sorts ofsilly laws, etc. [even here]. I think today s
parents are frightened to fall foul ofall these restrictive laws. Blame your government. Andyourselves for
voting them into power. "
- Elna,Pretoria, RSA
answer sheet.
Clueless parents force schools to set a child's bedtime because
@]
[liJ
[I]
they are afraid of making fools of themselves by setting rules for their children.
60% of parents think schools should stipulate when their youngsters go to bed.
they are not willing to undertake to set up rules for their children when to go to bed and
get up in the morning.
Teenagers aged 14 to 16 are more likely to lose sleep because
@]
[liJ
almost 8 in 10 have got their own TV sets in their bedrooms.

many of them watch TV, DVD or video or play computer games instead of falling asleep in good time.
~ quarter of them set their own bedtimes and go to bed when they want.
According to the survey
@]
[liJ
only TV, video and computer games can be made responsible for this situation.
children don't sleep enough because they watch TV, play computer late evening and even worry
about their school achievements.
[I]
several students can't sleep because of worrying about their exams.
53
Schools refuse the idea of setting children's bedtime because teachers believe
@]
[li]
only parents can make the ir children get int o a life routine to be able to fit for employment in future.
school is responsible for children from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m..
~ parents are responsible for their children's whole lives.
The readers agree
@]
[li]
mainly parents can be blamed for this situation.

parents and the government together can be blamed for this situation.
~ that parents don't want to take on this problem.
First read the ten situations (11-20) and then read the twelve texts (a-l), Decide which text goes best
with which situation. Each text can be used only once. Mark your answers on the answer sheet (11-20).
In some cases there may be no suitable text. Then mark x.
m
E:E
m
m
m
ED
A friend of yours needs advice what to do before accepting a new job .

You are looking for a refurbished house in the countryside.
You left secondary school this year and would like to train yourself. You are interested in business life.
You are a qualified PE teacher and need a new job.
You would like to take your children to a place where they can try racing.
You and your partner are keen to find an oast or barn anywhe re in Kent which is commutable to
London. A peaceful house in a semi-rural setting away from main roads would f it the bill.
You look fo r a school with good t rain ing to be able to pass your A-level exams and enter university.
EIJ
m
m
54
You can't get a mortgage on your present salary. You're looking for another job with a good salary
and a long cont ract.
You want to go on an active holiday somewhe re.
You want to have a day out w ith your fam ily. Your children prefer the fun fair but your wife prefers
walking and watching animals.
Project Outreach Wor!{ers (two posts)

Post 1 (based Ashford) salary: 13 ,000 for a 2S-hour-week
Post 2 (based Appledore) salary: 11,960 for a 23-hour-week
Both posts funded until 30th September 2010
You will rec ruit an d support older volu ntee rs (aged 55+), who will be invo lved in a ra nge of project s
attache d to "In f04U," in clu ding information outreach, befriendin g an d other support services aimed
at older people age d 75+. This is a joint project and posts wi ll be em ploye d by Volunteering Ashfor d
(post 1) and CARM (post 2).
Expe rien ce of running a project, recruiting and supporting volunteers and working with old er people
is esse ntial, as is an understanding of the issues affecting olde r people an d carers.
For an application pack ring 01233 665535 or

e-mail to suesawyergpasgfirdvb.fsnet.co.uk
Quoting Post 1 or Post 2 (or both posts)
Closin g Date: 5th May 2006. Interviews on 15 May 2006.
PITMAN TRAINING
The best training leads to the best opportunities
No-one has helped more people gain valuable business skills than Pitm an Training. That unbeatabl e
experience is your guaran tee of success.
It works becau se our tried and trusted teaching methods are the best available and designed for speedy
results. You wo rk at your own pace in our com fortable training centres, helped by experienced tutors.
You choose your own hours, working when it suits you - and keep the excellent reference books and
training manual s when the course is over.
On completion, you will receive a Pitman Training Diploma that is recognised nationally and
internationally by employers - your passport to a better career.
OUR MOST POPULAR DIPLOMA COURSES ARE:
Exe cutive PA Legal Secretarial

Medical Secretarial Accounting Technician
Get into Journalism Business Skills
For further information on our diploma and other Pitman Training courses, please call your local centre
on 0800 0646 500 or visit www.pitman-training.com
High Halden t 1,275 per calendar month

A charming 3 bedroom detached oast house in beautiful surroundings in a quiet location yet
within 10 mins. of mainline station.
Hall wit h cloak ro om , kitc hen with dishwashe r, washe r/drye r, fridge/freezer and electric coo ker.
Di ning room leading to lou nge with woodburne r.
Upstairs: master bedroo m with cu pboard . Bathroom with shower. Bedroom with shower.
Bedroom 2 (double), bedroom 3 (small single) or study. There is a furthe r bedroom in the loft if
requ ired. O il centra l heating. Parking space for one vehicle . Grass cutting included . Suit professional
cou ple, not suitable fo r small children or pets. Prefer non -smokers . UNFURNISHED.
For further information or to arrange a viewing please contact our Tenterden Office.
55
If you are already in a job and looking for
a change, you may be concerned about

making the right move. As the old saying
goes - the grass always looks greener on the
othe r side - but we all know tha t this is not
always the case.
Before even attend ing an int erview, do your
research on the company. This is made
incredibly easy by the huge resources available
on the Internet, and if you don't know anyone
with Internet access the n visit your local
library and book yourself a session on thei r
computers.
The company may well have its own website,

which can be a valuable resource to discover what
the company does, who its customers are and the
type of people that work there.
At interview stage, do not be afraid to ask
questions about the company. Tell the interviewer
what you have already researched and ask further
questions to build-up a good knowledge of the
company. Remember that you are interviewing the
company as much as they are interviewing you!
It really is a two-way street. Find out everything
you would like to know about the job before
accepting it.
Buckswood is a small school with small classes. The principles

applied in junior and prep schools need not be forgotten at
secondary level - consta nt academic moni toring, extra hel p,
study plans, spelling tests, written presentation classes are all
key facets to a child's academic progress at Buckswood.
To ensure that each chi ld achieve s their potential at GCSE we employ a number of tactics as pa rt
of an overall GCSE strategy, from weekly drill tests to on-line revision. Buckswood's GCSE pas s rate
at A-C for 2005 was 70%with a record number of students achieving at least 5 A-C passes.
The academic rigour is followed through to A Level where students have a wide range of subjects to
choose from including Accounting & Law. All our students were accepted by their first choice
univer sity in 2005 and already 2006 sees u pper-sixth ap plicants u p for places at LSE, Durh am ,
St Andrew's, Exeter, Bath & Warwick to name but a handful.
BUCI(SWOOD
SCHOOL
Do contact us for a tour of the school/prospectus/Open Day appointment:

Telephone 01424 813813 Email achieve@buckswood.co.uk www.buckswood.co.uk
Two Great Choices on Two Wheels

THOUSANDS of people every yea r fin d ou t th at
cycling is one of the m ost enjoyable ways to
explore the New Forest.
The re a re fl at, traffic-free trails throughout the
New Forest and the two Cycle Hire Centres
offer good q ua lity-bra nded bi kes fro m centra l
locations. Cyclexperience of Brockenhurst a nd
Forest Leisure Cycl ing of Burley have around
4 4 cycles between the m.
56
Services in clude tr ai l ma ps, helmets, child

sea ts and parking fac ilities. Choose self gu iding ro und trips o r point-to-po int ro utes.
Both businesses operate th roughout th e yea r
and in addition to cycle hire , thei r retail sho ps
a re pac ked with a huge selection of bi kes a nd
accessones.
Call Forest Leisure Cycl ing o n 01425403584
o r Cyclexperience on 01590 624808/2420 .
Celebrate St George's Day

at The Chapel Down Winery
Sutton Valence
Preparatory School
Co-Educational 3-11 years
Come and see Kent's largest St George's flag

painted on the Chapel Down lawn
Toast St George with spec ial offers on our
range of award-winning sparkling wine
Select your St George's Day cheese board
from our wide range of Eng lish cheese
Traditional St George's Day 3-course roast
dinner on Sunday 23rd in the Bistro. Booking
essentia l!
A free gift for every customer on the
St George's Day weeke nd
Offers valid 21st-23rd April not in conjunction with an y oth er offer.
CHAPEL DOWN
Th e Chapel Down Winery Tent erden
Vineyard Small Hyth e Tenterden Kent
TN3 07NG
Open dail y lO.OOam to 5.00pm.
Email: retail@en~lishwine s~roup.com
Web: www.englishwinesgroup.com
Part-time boys' Games Teacher

We wish to appoint for September 2006 for
five afternoons a week , a part-time boys'
games teacher. The boys play footba ll, rugby,
hockey and cricket. SVPS has excellent
facilities with full size astro and artificia l
wickets and nets. Teachers with secondary
schoo l experience welcome to apply.
Please apply in writing to Mr AM Brooke,
Head, SVPS, Underhill Road, Chart Sutton,
Maidstone, Kent ME 17 3RF.
Tel.: 10622 8421 17
Fax: 01622 84420 1, or
Email: amb@svprep.svs.org.uk
with names and addresses of two referees.
Closing date f or applications:

Wednesday 3rd May 2006
Sutton Valence preparatory Schoo l is an
equal opportu nities emp loyer.
Smarden
Guide Price 825,000
Set in 6 acres (to be verified) with
idyllic ruraL views, this recentLy
renovated property has everything you
couLd desire.
bedrooms aLL with fitted wardrobes pLus a

stunning fuLLy-fitted office/bedroom , family
bathroom with white suite.
Small wooden barn (for conversion subject to
Bespoke kitchen with granite worktops, pLanning), 40ft garaging with eLectric doors,
rangemast er, fully integrated appliances/ footings Laid for repLacement annexe/stables,
family room with beautifuL firepLace and Large nat uraLpond with spacious decking area
fitted woodburner, utility room, cloakroom over, eLectric entrance gates and gate entry
wit h white suite.
system, extensive bLock paved driveway and
Very weLLpLanned spacious open Living,
courtyard, fully aLa rmed house and garaging,
Lounge/ dining room and conservatory.
((TV surveillance and more.
Maste r en-suite bedroom wit h waLk in
dressing roo m and fitted wardrobes, 3 further For viewing pLease caLL 07768 437 477
57
IT]
Haynes Motor Museum

THE prestigious Haynes International Motor Museum, at Sparkford in Somerset,
offers an excellent day out for all the family. With more than 270 cars displayed
in stunning style, dating from 1886 to the present day, it is the largest
international motor museum in Britain.
Throughout the year the museum will be
For those interested in a nostalgic trip down
memory lane, the museum offers a host of holding lots of exciting events on their own
familiar names such as Austin, MG and Morris. test circuit including a drifting, chases and
Whilst for those seeking something more even the chance for visitors to be whizzed
exotic there is a vast array of performance around the track in some of the museum's
cars, from modern classics such as the amazing cars.
The museum is open 7 days a week, and is
Dodge Viper and XJ220 to the more historic
Jaguar E Type and AC Cobra. Also on show is easily accessible, being situated just off the
a large collection of American cars, A303 north of Yeovil.
including the jewels in the crown of Haynes
For further details phone 01963 440804,
- the V16 Cadillac, and the million-dollar
or visit the website at
Duesenberg.
www.haynesmotormuseum.co.uk
Way too much fun for one day!

New for 2005 is Kontiki. Feel the excitement of riding the high seas - without ever leaving dry
land! The unique swinging and swirling motion of the Kontiki ride is sure to leave you in a spin!
Thrill-seekers young and old will love The Stinger Rollercoaster, the Raging River Ride log flume
and the exhilarating jumping Bean drop ride, all of which are still great favourites at the Park.
The amazing variety of things to see and do includes big rides and small rides, play areas,
entertainments, the fascinating Romany Experience and Village Life museums, hedge Maze and
stunning landscaped gardens with an astonishing collection over 150 species of exotic and rare birds.
Younger children love Kids Kingdom, Land of the Dinosaurs, Seal Falls, the Digger Ride, Tiny Tots
Town and the Magic Forest, where nursery rhymes come to life at the touch of a button, not
forgetting the Wonderful World of Wind in the Willows where the characters from this classic story
have their amazing adventures!
IT]
Islands 01 choice
G uernsey is a place of contrasts. It's British, but
fee ls distinctly French, has a thriving, mo dern
commun ity, but retains a relaxed, informal
outloo k, and wh ile it has strong ties to the sea,
it is probably most famous for flo wer growing
and far mi ng herds of Guernsey cows.
The scenery too is full of con trast.
Spectacular cliffs rise high above secluded
coves on the south coast, while wide arcs of
golden sand slope gently into a turquo ise sea
on the west. In the interior, narrow lanes wind
their way through a rural backdrop, before
58
giVing way to terraces and rooftops in the

island's 'capital' St Peter Port.
If all that wasn't enough , the islands of
G uernsey a lso offer superb museums a nd
galleries, fantastic shops, world-class restaurants and lively bars.
It's the perfect destination, so why not book a
brea k now and discover exactly why we' re the
islands of cho ice .
For a free information pack on the islands of

Guernsey and for the latest special offers,
see www.visitguernsey.com or
freephone 0800 028 5353 (ref RM2).
"""
""'0
Test 3
LAN,~l:JAGE
EI.:E.MENTS (Part 1)
Dear Subscriber,
Please find enclosed your copy of the January 2006 issue of Learning English, the international
newsletter about learning and teaching English with PPB World Service. This is the second special
CD issue of the newsletter
aims to provide teachers of English
a practical guide to
using PPB World Service radio programmes in the classroom.
The CD contains five complete programmes from the PPB World Service radio series Fishing For
Jasmine - International Short Stories, a literature series for learners of English.
programme
features a short story along with analysis of the story and tips for budding writers. The CD provides
an audio resource of over 60-minutes of authentic English. The accompanying booklet sets out how
to select extracts from PPB World Service radio - ~ these specific programmes as examples and the different ways you can use them to develop your students' listening and speaking skills.
If you don't have access to a CD player but do have a cassette recorder,
select your own
programmes to record direct from the radio and use these instead. There are programmes
a
wide range of subjects on PPB World Service radio so you are sure to find something that will be of
to your students. The enclosed schedule gives details of some of those programmes.
If you have access to the internet, remember there's a whole world of text and audio material
for you and your students at: www.ppbworldservice.comjlearningenglish as well as a growing
resource for teachers at the new: www.teachingenglish.org.uk site, the
produced jointly by
the PPB and the British Council.
The next issue of Learning English will be published in July 2006. Your copy will automatically
be posted to you. However, perhaps you ~ of colleagues or business contact who would also
like to receive a copy? If so, send me their names and addresses and I'll be happy to post them a
post the information to the address given at the top of this letter or email me at:
copy too.
learning.english@ppb.co.uk
Yours sincerely,
Kim Smith,
Editor, Learning English
ElJ
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that
this
it
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for
with
to
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[g
to use
uses
using
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than
then
so
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All
All the
Each
EIa
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[g
about
at
on
59
EE
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[g
EIJ
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[g
interest
interested
interesting
ED
know
hear
believe
FE
[ill
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latter
lately
latest
Either
Simply
Once
Fun pools and sidewinders!
Pyramids
Go and make a day of it at The Pyramid Centre.

You can surf the
Ell brave the Sidewinder flume, take a plunge in the pools, relax EE around
the poolside or enjoy a meal and drink in one of the outlets.

The fun pools are all individual pools that link into each other, these include:
The Wave pool - wicked crashing waves and white surf await you or if you prefer, simply paddle in
the shallows.
The Toddlers pool - toddlers can play
EiJ and sound in their own miniature pool with animal slides.
Super flumes - Enjoy the experience of the two flumes that are
160ft long.
Sidewinder flume - The Sidewinder flume is one of the fastest flumes you'll ever find.
There are very extensive catering outlets around the centre ranging from fast food at the centre
cafe lunches in the licensed cafe bar with spectacular
of the Solent.
Ever fancy having a special treat on your birthday? Head to The Pyramids where they will celebrate
your birthday with you in style.
You will get use of the pools and features and an exclusive decorated birthday table for you and
your friends. You will receive a photograph of yourself and birthday friends to remember the day.
Save money on admission to the Fun pools by
60
a member of the centre.
The first time you visit the Pyramids Fun pools and pay the full price entry with a small additional
administration charge, you qualify for discounted entry for a whole year.
The Pyramids Centre is also the perfect setting for business or social
m,
thanks to its superb
location on Southsea seafront, with panoramic views across the Solent.

EDt he rooms can be adapted to suit most requirements and can be tailor-made for each event.
The Plaza Suite can be hired for a variety of functions, conferences, exhibitions, cabaret shows or
a spectacular dinner/dance for 500 guests.
EIJ.
They can provide a wide choice of menus from finger buffets to sumptuous
The Glasshouse is licensed for Civil Ceremonies, so simply enjoy the ceremony or complete the day
with "the reception and dancing until the early hours of the morning. The private sea facing terrace
'and l he adjoining colourful Rock Gardens make the ideal backdrop for those special photographs.
For further information on opening times and different sessions in the Fun pools please caLL the
centre on (023) 9279 9977 or visit www.pyramids.co.uk. If you would like further information
alJ
how to book one of the function rooms please telephone (023) 9253 8608.
[ill
all
rn safe
[5]
[I] views
banquets
[ID
[ ] becoming
sit
[5]
more
[Q]
rn at
III over
IT]
[Q]
~ events
celebration
on
waves
[ill
lE dinner
sitting
the questions.
Decide which headline (a-g) goes with each news item.
61
Tracks 23-27:
'0
tE
t!l
lliJ
lliJ
Nasa Mission
B AN GO ES UP IN SMO KE
[g Podcast lectures for uni students
[ill
10
Human rights
~ Two children wounded in shooting
rn
England to take Defoe to Germany
[ill
S CHOOL HOLIDAYS AN D EXAM RESULTS
You will hear a radio interview. First you will have one minute to read the introduction and the
items. Then you will hear the interview. You will hear the interview only once. Then you will have
time to answer the questions.
the answer sheet.
Track 28:
In the 21st century people can live longer but it doesn't mean they are healthier too.
A British woman who was 65 years old in 2002 may live t ill the age of 84.
Longer life results from more effective healthcare treatment and better living conditions.
Although a lot of money is spent on older people, death rates are still too high.
Doing physical exercise and a balanced diet seem to be the most important element of changes in
biological age.
Stress can control our life and motivate us.
Your biolog ical age can be calculated from a health questionnaire and physical tests.
Children are in need of emotional support to become well-balanced adults.
In old age we can't change our habits, for example, over 60 one can't be successfu l in giving up smoking.
Elderly people are afraid of being at others' mercy.
62
answer sheet.
Tracks 29-33:
You hear this advertisement. What's being advertised?
@]
[liJ
[I]
cultural events organised by Portsmouth Visitor Information Service

a journey to Portsmouth
walking tours in Portsmouth
You are at the airport and hear this announcement. What are the current weather conditions?
@]
lliJ
[IJ
it's raining
it's windy
it's snowing
You hear this woman speaking on the radio. What's her job?
@]
[liJ
[I]
a professional chess player

a reporter
a doctor
You hear this telephone conversation. Choose the best statement.
@]
[liJ
[I]
the woman doesn't want to travel by Olympic

the woman has already confirmed her ticket and arranged her transfer
the woman can't stand travelling too late
You aren't satisfied with your present Internet access. You think it's too slow and you can use it from
4pm to midnight. You hear this advertisement about a new offer. How many hours of Internet access
does this company provide a month?
@]
[liJ
[I]
less than 150 hours

between 151 and 300 hours
more than 300 hours
63
Situation 1:
You are a university student, and last September you decided to take a year out and travel around
Europe. After 6 months you got home and as you need some money you decided to apply for th is
advertisement.
ANGLEY SCHOOL
- - - - - A Sports College
Angley Road, Cranbrook, Kent TN17 2PJ
Foundation School
(mixed 11-18, 1147 on roll]
Tel : 01580 712754

Fax: 01580 715434
E-mail: enq@angley.kent.sch.uk
Required for the Summer Term or as soon as possib le thereafter
Science Technician
(Term Tim e plus 30 other days paid by negotiation)
Duties include: Prepare materials for general lesson s or projects.
Demonstrate, prepare and ma intain equipment for use in Science
Department, dependent on experience. Maintain health and safety in
Laboratories . Previous experience and advantage. but not necessary
as appropriate training will be provided.
Apply in writing enclosing CVplus the names andaddresses of 2 referees to:

MrsJ Wannan - Acting PA to the Headteacher
Closing date: Friday 5 May 2006
Write a letter of application. Your letter should contai n at least two of the following points and one
other aspect :
Your reason fo r applying
Your experience
Your int erests
Your expectations
Before starting the letter, decide on the order in which you th ink the three points should be
the school, also the reference line, date, salutation and closing formula.
64
Situation 2:
You are going to travel to London next month and spend 5 days in the city. As a university student
you don't have too much money and want to buy a special card to save some money on public
transport and entrance tickets. You see the following advertisement on London Pass.
FREE
Entrance
to London Attractions
Choose a 6-day Pass

and see London from
t 12 a day.
and much more all for one price!

You're saving over L150
when you visit these attractions
with The London Pass
and you still have over 40 more
attractions and benefits to enjoy!
You are interested in purchasing a London Card. However, you would like to have more details and
decide to write to London Information Office.
Ask about costs and duration
Ask about discounts
Ask where you can use it
Ask how you can purchase it
included as well as an appropriate introduction and close. Include your address, date, salutation
and closing formula.
65


interest to you.
Ajoumey you have had (where, when, the local people and area, sights, etc.)
or
A star you have met (person, location, experience, etc.)
66
Test 3
OR~L EXAMINATION - DISCUSSION (PART 2)
Read the following text from an English magazine. Discuss the content of the text with your
partner. Tell him/her your opinions, give reasons and personal examples to support your ideas.
Talk about your own experience with the problems mentioned and possible solutions.
You can use the f-word in class (but only five times)
A secondary school is to allow pupils to swear at
teachers - as long as they don't do so more than
five times in a lesson. A running tally of how
many times the f-word has been used will be
kept on the board. If a class goes over the lim it,
they will be 'spoken ' to at the end of the lesson.
The astonishing policy, which the school says
will im prove the behaviour of pupils, was
condemned by parents' gro ups and MPs
yesterday. They warned it would backfire.
Parents were advised of the plan, which comes
into effect when term starts next week, in
a letter from the Weavers School in
Wellingborough, Northamptonshire.
Assistant headmaster Richard White said the
policy wa s aimed at 15 and 16-year-olds in two
classes which are considered troub lesome.
'Should have do's and don'ts'

Nick Seaton, chairman of the Campaign for Real
Education, said. "In these sort of situations
teachers should be setting clear principles of 'do
and don't'."
"They sh ould not be compromising in an
apparent attempt to please the pupils. Thi s will
send out completely the wrong message."
"Youngsters will play up to this and ensure
they use their five goes, demeaning the
authority of the teacher."
Tory MP Ann Widdecombe said the policy was
based on "Alice in Wonderland reasoning."
"What next?" sh e asked. "Do we allow people
to speed five times or burgle five times, you
don't improve something by allowing it, you
improve something by discouraging it."
'Tolerate but not condone'
'Praise postcards'
"Within each lesson the teacher will in itially

tolerate (although not condone) the use of the
f-word (or derivatives) five times and these will
be tallied on the board so all students can see
the running score," h e wrote in the letter.
"Over this number the class will be spoken to
by the teacher at the end of the lesson."
Pare nts called the rul e 'wholly irresponsible
and l udicrous'.
"This appears to be a m isguided attempt to
speak to kids on their own level," said the father
of one pupil.
The 1,130-pupil school, which was criticised as

"not effective" by Ofsted inspectors last
November, also plans to send "praise postcards"
to the parents of children who do not swear and
who turn up on time for lessons.
Headmaster Alan Large said he had received no
complaints about the policy. "The reality is that
the f-word is part of these young adults'
everyday language," h e said.
"As a temporary policy we are giving th em
a bit of leeway, but want them to think about the
way they talk and how they might do better."
67
Candidates A/B/(C)
You attend a 100-year-old secondary school with a good reputation. Your school is very proud of its
history, tradition, old students and organises competitions, sports programmes, concerts and other
cultural events regularly.
This year your school celebrates its 100th birthday and the headmaster asked some students to take
part in preparing this programme. You and some of your friends are responsible for this work.
First decide on your ideas for this event.
how to organise this celebration

when you should start organising it
who to invite to this event
where to hold it
how much money you need
how you will collect it
where to advertise your celebration
68
Test 4
REAQING COMPREHENSION (Part 1)

First read the ten headlines (a-j). Then read the five texts (1-5) and decide which text goes best with
~ Red-hot message getting through
[liJ
Gaming industry in trouble
[I]
"VEATH ER
[ill
Weapon found in car
T URNS FROM ICE TO N ICE
~ Retirement getting closer
rn
"You just can't keep up with him"
[ID
Do
[hJ
Cold we ather damages roads
DJ
Children learn how to put out fire
IT]
Getting back in play
IT FO R YOUR KIDS
o
MOM OR DAD will have to spend m ore time riding
sh otgun with the ir teens behind the wheel before the
' state will issue driver's licen ses, under legislation
Gov. Blagojevich signed Thurs day. The initiative
req uires parents to spend 50 hours with their child as
they learn to drive - double the amo unt of time that
was once req uired by state law. The app licati on
pr ocess also will include a new conse nt for m par ents
must sign before thei r te en s can be licensed to drive.
"Th e bill I'm sign ing ... w ill h elp m ak e sure that
t eenage drivers are b etter trained an d more
experien ced, an d t h at sh ould m ake the ro ad s safer
for all of us, " Blagojevich said in a state ment. Th e
prop osal grew out of legislation earl ie r th is year in

which state Rep. John D'Amico wanted to bar 15and 16-year-olds from driving aft er two teens died
in a crash in h is di strict.
But that pl an drew criticism from safety experts
who said teenage drivers woul d be better off w it h
incr eased train ing, prompting Secr et ary of Stat e
Jesse White an d D'Am ico to com e back with the
re tooled legislat ion w it h h ei ghtened training
requ iremen ts . "1 believe this proposal w ill h elp
give ou r you ng people m ore experi ence behind
the wh eel, in a variety of situations , h elping them
t o become b etter, safer drivers ," Whit e said.
69
El
THE country has been in the grips of the coldest
June for 15 years , but MetService meteorologist Bob
McDavitt said sunny weather should kickstart a thaw
as an anti-cyclone, followed by a northerly, is due to
move across most of the country this week.
Most previously closed North Island roads
reopened yesterday, but police were still urging
motorists to take care and drive to the conditions. In
the eastern North Island, SH38 between Tuai and
Waikaremoana remained closed and extreme care
was needed on SH35 between Ruatoria and Te Puia
Springs and Hicks Bay, where landslips were causing
delays. All roads were open in the South Island but

the AA was urging people to take extreme care and
to expect delays on several roads .
Meanwhile, South Island farmers still without
electricity could call a hotline (0800 997-779)
set up to help people cope with the practical and
emotional issues of being isolated. Canterbury
Chamber of Commerce president Peter Townsend
said an analysis of the cold snap's economic impact
was yet to be completed but the social
cost was the big issue, especially for those still
without power.
D
IN 2001 New Zealand children were responsible for starting 740 fires but last year that figure had dropped to
208. The figures showed the widely taught fire service Firewise programme, used at most Hamilton primary
schools, was working well, Hamilton fire awareness intervention co-ordinator Steve Lambert said.
"Afew years ago a young girl who had done the programme at school got her grandmother and two youn ger
siblings out of the house safely - she was 10," he said. The programme, along with fire safety education at
home, proved its worth to a Tamahere family on Tuesday night. Steve Smith, his partner and their three
children escaped their two-storey home, which caught fire soon after they had gone to bed. Mr Smith said
while the parents were scared , "the kids knew what to do."
"Our bedrooms were all up-stairs so teaching them was important so they didn't panic. It's (fire safety)
something we talk about every winter and as they get older and older the more they register. It's so important
in case we can't get out they know exactly what to do."
Yesterday it was the turn of about 30 Crawshaw Primary School stu dents in Hamilton to learn about fire
safety when four Pukete firefighters taught them how to get out of a burning building. "Get down. Get out. Get
low. Fire," they yelled as they crawled toward the exit.
Waikato Bay of Plenty fire education officer Megan Dromgool said the Firewise programme was useful for
children to take home. "Children are most at risk of dying or being badly burned in a fire," she said. "This is
often because of fire play and because they do not know how to escape safely in the event of a fire."
NINTENDO once ruled the world of video games but the Japanese company has seen its fortunes fall in
recent years as rivals have gobbled up its share of the home console market, particularly in New Zealand.
The company is hoping its new Wii console, to be launched later this year, will reverse this trend.
In the early 90s, Nintendo split home console gaming with fellow Japanese company Sega, but since the entry
of Sony with the PlayStation and Microsoft with its Xbox it has seen its global share shrink to 15 per cent.
Sega has since exited the console market and concentrated instead on game production. Nintendo's
decline has been even more pronounced in New Zealand, where it has only 5 per cent market, according
to the company's local distributor, Monaco.
But Nintendo's poor showing could change in the fourth quarter of this year with the launch of the
company's next-generation console, the Wii.
It will compete with the other next-generation consoles - Microsoft's Xbox 360, launched three months
ago, and Sony's PlayStation 3, which will be on sale in November.
70
"[It's] like nothing seen before ... Nintendo is looking at attracting a new range of consumers, from new
garners to hard-core garners. Wii would continue Nintendo's reputation for innovation by veering away
from the traditional game console," said Nintendo spokesman Vispi Bhopti.
But the move from second to third generation in the home cons ole market will be hotly contested, and
Nintendo will have to boost sales substa ntially to make a gain.
"We are expecting huge sale s h ere. In the next 12 months, we are expecting significant growth, and
when all the third-generation consoles are on the market, we expect to have just over 50 per cent of the
m arket," he also added.
a
BY 93, most people expect aches and pains to
ke ep them company. Not Rev. Bob We aver.
"I don't have time to hurt," he said. "I've got too
much to do , people to help." Weaver is the "oncall chaplain" for nights and weekends at the
500-resident Twin Towers Retirement Community
where h e and his wife , Mary, live .
At 10 p.m. every night, he make s rounds to
minister to the ill. He delivers mail to the health-care
section of the community on Fridays. Weaver also
delivers good cheer, a lively story, a smile or a prayer.
He conducts a service at 7:30 a.m. each Sunday.
Weaver said he needs a lot of time to do his
good work and keep fit. He's up at 6:30 a.m . and
in bed at 11 :30 p.m . A runner for dec ade s, he now
swim s 10, 75-foot lengths of a pool three days per
week and works out in the fitness room on two
days. He drove until his 90th birthday.
"Weaver ha s just started a volunteer program weekly story-telling sessions at Twin Towers'
health pavilion and the day-stay. Bob wears us
out, and we're considerably you ng er. He is kind,
caring and sharp witted,' said Rev. Ann Luzader,
who is one of two full-time Twin Towers
chaplains..
Wea ver embraces modern te chnology, and at 80
he took a computer cou rse so he could e-mail
family and friends. He takes care of his wife, who
has Alzheimer's "to give her fre edom of choice."
Th ey have four children, four gra n dson s and two
great-gran dch ildre n . He was named the 2005
winner of the Humanitarian Award from the Four
Chaplains for hi s work at Twin Towers and as an
Air Force chaplain in World War 11.
"We' re meant to help others. I don't know any
other way to live," he said.
71
Test 4
READING COMPREHENSION (Part 2)

y
"'"
"
.; -
Smoking ban is extended to doorways and bus shelters

Kirsty Walker, Daily Mail
Smoking in the open is to be
banned where it affects bystanders , ministers said yesterday.
The forthcoming ban on lighting
up in public places has been
extended to areas where there is
an 'inevitable close grouping of
people.' It would include bus shelters, football grounds, the entrances to office buildings, train platforms and concert venues.
Health Minister Lord Warner
said it would protect more people
from second-hand smoking.
The Government has already
said that the Health Bill will
outlaw smoking in pubs and
restaurants next year. But Lord
Warner told the House of Lords
yesterday: "There will be places
that will not be enclosed where
there is a risk of harm from second-hand smoke due to the inevitable close grouping of people.
Examples might be sports stadiums, bus shelters and entrances to
public buildings or workplaces."
Critics claim there is no scientific
evidence that people can be
harmed by passive smoking outside. Lord Stoddart said: "I don't
know of any study that says a
whiff of somebody else's smoke
out in the open air is dangerous."
Simon Clark, director of pro-
72
smoking group Forest, said: "This

suggests that the public, MPs and
peers have been deceived." "Everyone was told they would be voting
on a ban on smoking in enclosed
places. But the Government wants
to go way beyond its remit by
banning smoking outside. It is
breathtakingly arrogant to talk
about extending the ban before it
has been voted in. Tobacco is a
legal product. This is social engineering on a grand scale."
Health Secretary Patricia Hewitt
claims it will save thousands of
lives. But the report found 95 per
cent of smoking-related deaths
are caused by lighting up at home,
not in the workplace .
It said: "Given the evidence
about the impact of passive smoking, we are concerned that the
decision to ban smoking in public
places may represent a disproportionate response to a relatively
minor health concern." The new
.regulations will be published in a
few weeks.
But the Health Bill will include
a wider definition to make "additional places smoke-free".
Stephen Alambritis, from the
Federation of Small Businesses,
said: "We welcomed the ban on
smoking in public places. But
attempts to extend it to smoking

outside are a step too far."
Malcolm Clarke, ofthe Football
Supporters' Federation, said: "One
of the problems with smoking in
all-seater stadiums is that it is not
possible to move if someone next
to you lights up and that can spoil
the enjoyment. On the other hand,
some fans see it as a part of the
game and cannot cope without a
cigarette when their nerves are
frazzled."
Scotland is also to have some of
the world 's most draconian antismoking laws after ministers
agreed on measures to extend the
ban outdoors to public parks, play
areas and outside school gates.
Guidelines, published jointly by
Andy Kerr, the health minister,
and Convention of Scottish Local
Authorities, will advise councils
to apply the ban to any area where
children are likely to gather.
"Our first concern is the health
and safety of children and we
would want to reduce the opportunities for them to see smoking
as something that's acceptable,"
said Jill Shimi , leader of the
Labour-run Dundee city council.
"Smoking in parks spoils the
environment and sets a very bad
example to children."
answer sheet.
The goal of the new Health Bill is
@]
[liJ
to serve publ ic interest at more places.

to curtail smokers of their rights.
~ to reduce health risks of non-smokers.
Critics do not agree, because
@]
[liJ
no one has ever proved passive smoking to be harmful.

no voting took place.
~ they th ink smoking should be allowed in the open air.
B
According to Health Secretary Patricia Hewitt
@]
[liJ
people should smoke less at home.

smoking at public places was not a threat on people's health .
~ the root of the problem lies elsewhere.
People at football matches
@]
[liJ
sometimes can't avoid second-hand smoking.

always need cigarettes because of the excitement.
~ will only be allowed to smoke at designated areas.
In Scotland the ban
@]
[liJ
can be applied to any public place outdoors.

cannot be applied at football stadiums .
~ can be applied without limits to protect children.
73
R~JX~ING
COMPREHENSIGN (Part 3)
First read the items (11-20) then read the text. Decide which part of the text (a-I) contains the
information in each of the items. Each part of the text may only be used once.
El!
EE
There might be no answer

Was that really me doing that?
m
m
The boss is in the background

Opening your eyes up
We just follow the instructions
m
m
Great teamwork
What we believe
Em
Changing places
m
EE
Quitting can be easier
The routine stuff
When you hear the word hypnosis, you may picture the mysterious hypnotist figure popularized in
movies, comic books and television. This ominous, goateed man waves a pocket watch back and
forth, guiding his subject into a semi-sleep, zombie-like state. Once hypnotized, the subject is
compelled to obey, no matter how strange or immoral the request. Muttering "Yes, master," the
subject does the hypnotist's evil bidding. This popular representation bears little resemblance to
actual hypnotism, of course.
In fact, modern understanding of hypnosis contradicts this conception on several key points.
Subjects in a hypnotic trance are not slaves to their "masters" - they have absolute free will. And
they're not really in a semi-sleep state - they're actually hyperattentive. Our understanding of
hypnosis has advanced a great deal in the past century, but the phenomenon is still a mystery of
sorts. In this article, we'll look at some popular t heories of hypnosis and explore the various ways
hypnotists put their art to work.
People have been pondering and arguing over hypnosis for more than 200 years, but science has
yet to fully explain how it actually happens. We see what a person does under hypnosis, but it isn't
clear why he or she does it . This puzzle is really a small piece in a much bigger puzzle: how the
human mind wo rks. It's unlikely that scientists will arrive at a definitive explanation of the mind
in the foreseeable future, so it's a good bet hypnosis will remain something of a mystery as well.
74
[Q]
rn
[ill
[5]
But psychiatrists do understand the general characteristics of hypnosis, and they have some
model of how it works. It is a trance state characterized by extreme suggestibility, relaxation and
heightened imagination. It's not really like sleep, because the subject is alert the whole time. It
is most often compared to daydreaming, or the feeling of "losing yourself" in a book or movie.
You are fully conscious, but you tune out most of the stimuli around you. You focus intently on
the subject at hand, to the near exclusion of any other thought.
In the everyday trance of a daydream or movie, an imaginary world seems somewhat real to
you, in the sense that it fully engages your emotions. Imaginary events can cause real fear,
sadness or happiness, and you may even jolt in your seat if you are surprised by something (a
monster leaping from the shadows, for example) . Some researchers categorize all such trances as
forms of self-hypnosis. Milton Erickson, the premier hypnotism expert of the 20th century,
contended that people hypnotize themselves on a daily basis. But most psychiatrists focus on the
trance state brought on by intentional relaxation and focusing exercises. This deep hypnosis is
often compared to the relaxed mental state between wakefulness and sleep. In conventional
hypnosis, you approach the suggestions of the hypnotist, or your own ideas, as if they were reality.
If the hypnotist suggests that your tongue has swollen up to twice its size, you'll feel a sensation
in your mouth and you may have trouble talking. If the hypnotist suggests that you are drinking
a chocolate milkshake, you'll taste the milkshake and feel it cooling your mouth and throat. If the
hypnotist suggests that you are afraid, you may feel panicky or start to sweat. But the entire time,
you are aware that it's all imaginary. Essentially, you're "playing pretend" on an intense level, as
kids do.
In this special mental state, people feel uninhibited and relaxed. Presumably, this is because
they tune out the worries and doubts that normally keep their actions in check. You might
experience the same feeling while watching a movie: as you get engrossed in the plot, worries
about your job, family, etc. fade away, until all you're thinking about is what's up on the screen.
In this state, you are also highly suggestible. That is, when the hypnotist tells you to do
something, you'll probably embrace the idea completely. This is what makes stage hypnotist shows
so entertaining. Normally reserved, sensible adults are suddenly walki ng around the stage clucking
like chickens or singing at the top of their lungs. Fear of embarrassment seems to fly out of the
window. The subject's sense of safety and morality remain entrenched throughout the experience,
however. A hypnotist can't get you to do anything you don't want to do.
But what is it that makes this happen? In the next section, we'll look at the most widely
accepted theory of what's going on when you become hypnotized. The predominant school of
thought on hypnosis is that it is a way to access a person's subconscious mind directly. Normally,
you are only aware of the thought processes in your conscious mind. You consciously think over
the problems that are right in front of you, consciously choose words as you speak, consciously
try to remember where you left your keys. But in doing all these things, your conscious mind is
working hand-in-hand with your subconscious mind, the unconscious part of your mind that does
your "behind the scenes" thinking. Your subconscious mind accesses the vast reservoir of
information that lets you solve problems, construct sentences or locate your keys. It puts together
plans and ideas and runs them by your conscious mind. When a new idea comes to you out of the
blue, it's because you already thought through the process unconsciously.
Your subconscious also takes care of all the stuff you do automatically. You don't actively work
through the steps of breathing minute to minute - your subconscious mind does that. You don't
think through every little thing you do while driving a car - a lot of the small stuff is thought out
in your subconscious mind. Your subconscious also processes the physical information your body
receives.
75
rn
DJ
IT]
In short, your subconscious mind is the real brains behind the operation - it does most of your
thinking, and it decides a lot of what you do. When you're awake, your conscious mind works to
evaluate a lot of these thoughts, make decisions and put certain ideas into action. It also
processes new information and relays it to the subconscious mind. But when you're asleep, the
conscious mind gets out of the way, and your subconscious has free reign.
Psychiatrists theorize that the deep relaxation and focusing exercises of hypnotism work to
calm and subdue the conscious mind so that it takes a less active role in your thinking process.
In this state, you're stiLL aware of what's going on, but your conscious mind takes a back seat to
your subconscious mind. Effectively, this aLLows you and the hypnotist to work directly with the
subconscious. It's as if the hypnotism process pops open a control panel inside your brain.
With the "control panel" to your mind open, the hypnotist may be able to reprogram your
subconscious to reverse the behavior. Some hypnotists do this by connecting a negative response
with the bad habit. For example, the hypnotist might suggest to your subconscious that smoking
will cause nausea. If this association is programmed effectively, you will feel sick every time you
think about smoking a cigarette. Alternatively, the hypnotist may build up your wiLL power,
suggesting to your subconscious that you don't need cigarettes, and you don't want them.
Additionally, the subconscious is the storehouse for aLL your memories. While under hypnosis,
subjects may be able to access past events that they have completely forgotten. Psychiatrists may
use hypnotism to bring up these memories so that a related personal problem can finaLLy be
resolved. Since the subject's mind is in such a suggestible state, it is also possible to create false
memories. For t his reason, psychiatrists must be extremely careful when exploring a hypnotic
subject's past.
Test 4
Dear Ms. Blackmore,

The purpose of this is to convey to you my
EI!
apologies for any inconvenience you
EE last month with respect to the instaLLation of your Internet high speed service.
I just returned from vacation this week and found your file in my in-basket. E!J I reviewed
your case it was clear that somehow your May 20th request for a change in service had
somehow slipped through the cracks. The only possible explanation I can give is that we have
recently had a number of key staff changes which might have resulted in your letter
~ overlooked.
76
m'
I have directed our Installation Group to contact you by the end of this week to
ED a time convenient to you when they could go to your house and install your new router
and make the necessary adjustments to your software.

Because of this serious oversight, and as a testament to our
are going to provide you
EE of you as our customer, we
~ your first three months of high speed service free of charge.
Therefore, your account will not be billed until October of this year.
Ms. Ouinlan, let me assure you that
EIJ
level of customer service. We continue
happened in your case is not typical of Cable99's
EIlJ
to providing you and all of our customers with the
highest standards of service in the industry.

If you have any questions please don't hesitate to call me at 5551234.
Yours in service,
Paul Shortino
Manager, Customer Solutions
Ell
[ill
[Q]
[I]
m[Q][ill
EE
EIJ
sincerely
sincere
EE
sincerious
being
was
[I]
had been
[ill
[Q]
[I]
appreciate
[ill
[Q]
[I]
what
appreciation
m[ill[Q]
~
appreciating
which
why
[ill
[Q]
[I]
EIlJ
should have experienced

may have experienced
EE
have to experienced
Consequent
Consequention
[I]
Consequently
[ill
[Q]
[I]
for
[ill
[Q]
[I]
to commit
ED
[ill
[Q]
[I]
As early
[ill
[Q]
[I]
set down
As soon as
In moment
set around
set up
to
with
to be committed
to being committed
77
Read the following text and decide which of the words or phrases (a-o) is missing in items 31-40. Mark
your answers on the answer sheet.
Girls just want to talk - out of town

Reunions of best friends from coLLege, high school,
grade school, have been going on for years
at campfires, beach houses and Broadway shows.

Now marketers are discovering that girls want to get away, talk
EE themselves and have fun
without any husbands and children. What used to be a low-key tradition has spurred a magazine
devoted to the trips.
Barbara Pereda of Hazlet, N.J., has been vacationing with the same five women in their 20s for
about six years and says there's nothing like
EE
new places with old friends.
"If you go with family, you do the family thing," Pereda says. "If you go with couples, you do the couples
thing. But with friends, who all have the same basic outlook, you have a lot of freedom and good times."
Girlfriends fiLL a void that significant others can't, says Dr. Jean Baker Miller, a clinical professor of
psychiatry at Boston University Medical School and director of a center at WeLLesley College that '
studies human connections.

"Women often
from not having anyone who really is attuned to what they are experiencing,"
she says. "Husbands, boyfriends, partners may mean a great deal, but there's something about
having someone who really understands you."
The
can survive through marriages and children, and last longer than 50 years. Just ask the
Buzzin' Dozen, a group of 12 women originally from Rockford, Ill., who had a five-day reunion in
Las Vegas in the spring.
"One of the girls is always teasing, 'When are we going to have another slumber party?' " says Cynthia
Montaleone of Rockford. "So I thought, 'Well, why don't we have a big slumber party in Las Vegas?' "
The women in their 70s, who now live in six
ED,liked the irony of meeting in Sin City after
spending a childhood supervised by nuns.

Friendships need nurturing, and Miller says she knows of
better time than out of town for a,
weekend or longer.
That's the idea behind Girlfriend Getaways, what Arthur Frommer's Budget Travel hopes will become
an annual magazine.
78
Reunited girlfriends enjoy talking about, in order, men, the past, sex, their children and the future,
to a Royal Caribbean International survey of more than 1,500 women nationwide. The same
survey said almost half of those responding had taken girls-only trips since 2001, and nine of ten
were planning
EIJ trips or wanted to.
Nancy Edwards of Phoenix gets together with seven childhood buddies every five years. The
women, who have been close since seventh grade at WK Kellogg Junior High in Battle Creek,
celebrated their 65th birthdays on a Caribbean cruise.
"We knew each other's parents, each other's siblings, we know each other's husbands and each
other's children, and we have a lot that we can catch up on," says Edwards, one of the Girls From
Battle Creek, who all now live throughout the country.
Cameron Tuttle, author of The BadGirl's Guide to the Open Road, says road trips should be ~ for
women.
"Every woman needs to find a time and place to break her rules in order to be happy," Tuttle says.
[Q]
@]
according
IT]
connections
[I]
such
[ill
[fJ
no
[5]
even
IIJ among
[ill
states
mandatory
[ill
going
DJ
suffer
exploring
[IT]
country
~ instead
DJ specific
[Q]
about
the questions.
Decide wh ich headline (a-g) goes with each news item.
79
Tracks 34-38:
IQl
tE
t.JJ
~
2f
tJ
[] No charges pressed against officers
[5J
New bullet train introduced
[fJ
CLEAN-UP W O RK Q UI CKL Y D O N E
[ill
Speeding train driver under investigation
[ill Plane in trouble but no one hurt
rn
Leaking gas causes detour
[ill
Airport terminal closed for summer
You will hear a report. First you will have one minute to read the introduction and the items. Then
you will hear the report. You will hear the report only once. Then you will have time to answer the
questions.
the answer sheet.
Track 39:
Carol was getting ready excitedly for her very first family rafting.
The Snake River accident involving three people is still under invest igati on by the Park Services.
Rafting businesses depend on skiing and other outdoor businesses.
Businesses in the East will suffer because visito rs were scared off by unbearably hot weather.
People need the weather forecast to make their decision about their trip.
There are signs, which mean the all time record might be broken.
In some areas rivers are getting close to their maximum capacity, than ks to the good weather.
Mark Zoeller would like to see at least twice as many user visits this season.
According to John Wood, they have to drive more than 2 hours for food.
~
80
There was a slight increase in the amount of water in Rio Grande River compared to last year's
Memorial Day weekend.
answer sheet.
Tracks 40-44:
In Cedar Pointe Golf Club
@]
[liJ
[I]
brand-new courses await for the visitors.

the restaurant is still being reconstructed.
a new small lake is being built.
Trendy Outfit's special offer includes
@]
[liJ
[I]
stocking up saving for the little ones.

buying two beach towels for the price of one.
jeans starting at $16.50.
The airport car park offers
@]
[liJ
'[I]
a 10-minute free-of-charge parking in the whole parking area.

discounts on parking reservations made online.
prepaid parking cards at the pay stations.
When calling Cable Express to talk to the operator
@]
[liJ
[I]
you have to press "5".

you can leave a message and they call you back.
you have to press "0" or hold the line.
Fun & Adventure park will be
@]
[liJ
[I]
open to the public every day in summer.

closed for the spring break.
open throughout the year except holidays.
81
Test 4
Situation 1:
Your friend is looking for a job in the travel industry and you find this brochure.
Atla ntic Cruise Line

Every great success story has to start somewhere. For Atla ntic C ruise Line, it all began in 19 8 5 with one
rented ocean liner ma king the trip from Rotterdam to Ne w York. Today, we are the second largest cruise
line, boa sting one of the youngest fleets in the industry and to destinations all over the world. From Sydney
to San Francisco, Boston to Cape Town, we have bu ilt an env iable reputation for the very highest
standards of service on the seas. So, how did we travel so fa r in such a short space of time?
The secret behind o ur success is a simple one : peo ple. Talented and self-motivated people who share
in our passion , drive, energy and comm itment to providing o nly the very best. Togethe r, we have created
a fast-movin g culture that th rives o n inspi ration a l leadership, po sitive att itudes and co mme rcial flair. We
are a lways looking fo r the next big idea. And because we are a lways ready to listen to ou r people and
what they have to say, who knows, it co uld come fro m you.
As far as the day-to-day service is concerned, wherever you join us, you wi ll be totally fo cused on
delivering the Atlantic brand. This means the customer and their experience of travelling with us will
always be front of mind . You will need to ta ke respon sibility fo r you r actions, use your initiative and be
ready to support those around you.
Friendly, yet always professio nal , ou rs is a un iq ue business in which to work. And you 'll help to keep it
that way. So lo ng as you are prepared to mak e the mo st of your tal ents, con tribute some bri ght ide as and have a great time while you are doi ng it - we wo uld love to hear fro m you.
So whate ver your talent, you can be sure we ca n find a ho me for it - and give it every opportunity to grow.
Atlantic Cruise Line
P.O. Box 64928

1018 W AMSTERDAM
The Netherlands
Write a letter to your friend and recommend that he should apply.

Why you think he should apply
The advantages of working abroad
Future career opportunities this job can open up
Your experience in working abroad
included as well as an appropriate introduction and close. Include your address, date, salutation
and closing formula.
82
Situation 2:
You see the f ollow ing advertisement on the Internet.
We create the ultimate

global training experience!
Turn what could be four average months of a vacation into a once-in-a-lifetime
chance to live in and understand the United States, to make lifelong friends and
valuable contacts, and to do it all while building your CV to impress future
employers. Most importantly, through the PTA program, you can turn those four
months into an invaluable experience that can have a lasting effect on building the
global community.
PTA is located in Baltimore, Mary land, near the nation's capital. Since 1950,
more than 55,000 people from more than 100 countries have participated in PTA
exchange visitor programs for on-the-job practica l training in professional fields
ranging from computer science to hospitality and culinary arts to business
administration. PTA is a private non-profit cultural exchange organization that
creates the ultimate global training and cultural exchange experience.
Contact Information:
PTA
Cathy Wilson, Program Manager
P.O. Box 63913
Baltimore, MD 21044-3519
You are interested in doing some pract ical t raining abroad . You decide to w rite a letter to the
contact person because you would like to have more deta ils.
Write about your wo rk and educational experience
Say what f ield you wan t to work in
Ask about th e assistance t he company provides
Ask about t he application requirements
Before starting the letter, decide on the order in which you th ink the three points should be
the company, also the reference line, date, salutation and closing formula.
You have 30 minu tes to write t he letter.
Please write 150-200 words .
83


interest to you.
A sporting event you have seen or heard of (memorable moments, type of the event, etc.)
or
Electronic or printed media (magazines, TV, radio, etc.)
84
~est

Read the following text from a magazine. Discuss the content of the text with your partner.
Tell him/her your opinions, give reasons and personal examples to support your ideas. Talk about
your own experience with the problems mentioned and possible solutions.
Lost connection: Is technology isolating us?

A quiet Lake Michigan beach, the soft sound of waves
gently lapping the shore, the distant cries ofgulls
circling high above. A woman walking the shoreline
hears neither. She is listening to her iPod.
Two friends walking down the street are having
conversations -- with other people! They're walking
side-by-side, but each is conducting a loud, animated
conversati on on a cell phone .
You see it everywhe re , people sacrificing "the

moment" to technology. More and more,
electronic party crashers tag along in situations
once reserved for "quality time" or "one-on-one."
We're caught, experts say, in a time when
rapidly advancing tech nology is changing our
behavior, but social rules - and common sense have yet to catch up. The result? You be the
judge.
Lawmakers have had to set limits on the use of

cell ph ones while driving. Thea ters remind
patrons to turn off their cell phones before
shows . And safety experts warn that personal
listening devices can put people at risk by
making them oblivious to what's going on
around them.
At North Avenue beach last week, a 12-year-old
was on his skateboard while his 38-year-old
father was on his Treo smartphone, which
combines phone, e-mai l and Internet with a
built-in camera.
"Technology is a good thing. I had 40 e-mails and
I've answered 10 of them," said the dad, who
identified himself in the middle of a workday as
jeff "uh , Smith." "This," he said, regarding the
device through dark sunglasses, "is free dom ."
Or is it?
85
Candidates A/B/(C)
You and your partner would like to open your own business after working for years as employees.
First decide on your ideas about the business.
what type of business you will open

why this kind of business would be the best
financial resources you will use
the most suitable place for the business
the staff you will employ
how you will split the responsibilities
what will make it successful in the future
86

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First read the ten headlines (a-j).

Paddling through Atlantic

Fatal accident in London

HUNDREDS OF SWAN CARCASSES FO UND

Climate changes in Canada

~ Migratory swans will be surprised

Aphrodite turns heads

S UMMER IN RECORD BOOKS AS A DRY O NE

Teenager sleepwclks up 130 ft crone

New record done

Greek goddesses visit New York

Trumpeters have died from lead shot poisoning

just 4.8 mm fell in August. Those months normally

shoulders and long, broad hips reflects that

Therapy Dogs Lending a 'Helping Paw to Students

The dogs enter the program as early

point. The judge asked me if I had a

Therapy dogs can

ease children's sorrow .

In a survey dogs were considered to be able to

~ help their owners live in a healthier way with fewer problems.

cure certain diseases such as high blood pressure.

cheer up people suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

until they learn to do their jobs.

Not only dogs, but their owners are trained to

~ give basic commands and use sign language.

Therapy dogs can help

children 's mental and physical development.

children entertain themselves.

shy children make new friends.

Robertsbridge Community College

Oak frame construction once a dying art

Take Off to the Fleet Air Arm Museum

This fit, fit, fit couple have run

Bond Street Fashion Director who

The y need a characterful detached house in

They are now looking for another project

Portsmouth Historic Dockyard

A ntique and fin e furniture, silver, plate,

To include: 2 large oak refectory tables, a large Victorian

ABBEY AUCTI ON GALL ERY

Battle Abbey SchooL is a thriving co-educationaL boarding and day schooL

At Sutton Valence Preparatory Schoo l,

SATURDAY 29th APRIL 2006

St Mildred's Church Hall

NATURAL FARMS LTD

Please contact Mrs Anne Leckie,

Traditional family vaLues are very important

Clarernont School is set amidst

OPEN DAYS - Friday 12th and Saturday 13th May

Dear Mum and Dad,

EE all the things I EIl enjoy.

On Tuesday, Mark and I spent the whole day horse riding. We

~ all the way out to that old

times. The last time

his horse three

EE happened he fell straight into a stream. He says he will never go riding

I expect to finish by the end of

the month. As you see I'm having a lovely time.

The Stone of Eloquence

admirabLe even if the choice of Language is occasionally depLorabLe.

and nine inches

There is a chip missing in the front, removed, it is beLieved, by one of

CromweLL's cannon baLLs when his army besieged the pLace.