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Homework 3 Solutions
() = 10 2 cos (3 )
3
2.3.2 Find the unit impulse response of a system specified by the equation
( + + )() = ( + + )()
Sol:
The characteristic equation is 2 + 5 + 6 = ( + 2)( + 3) = 0
Thus,
() = 1 2 + 2 3
() = 21 2 32 3
Setting t=0, and substituting (0) = 0, (0) = 1 (these initial conditions are obtained using the fact
that degree of characteristic polynomial is N=2) we get
0 = 1 + 2
1 = 1
}
1 = 21 32
2 = 1
2
3
Therefore, () =
(ii)
cos(3 + 71.56 )] ()
10
2.4.18 (e) Find and sketch c(t) = x1(t)*x2(t) for the pairs of functions illustrated below
Sol:
1
() =
0
() =
= tan1 ( 1) + ,
+1
2
( 1) 0
MATLAB Implementation:
In the provided demo specify x(t) and h(t) as
x=@(t) (1./(t.^2+1)).*heaviside(-t);
h=@(t) heaviside(t-1);
( 1) 0
2.4.22 Two linear time-invariant systems, each with impulse response h(t), are connected in cascade,
refer to figure below. Given input x(t) =u(t), determine y(1). That is, determine the system response at
time t=1 for the cascade system shown.
Sol:
(1) = ()
0
( )
3 2
() = ( + 1) (
+ 1) =
+
2
2
24 2
0
Thus,
1
(1) = (
0
3 2
11
+ ) =
= 0.34375
24 2
32
Sol:
(a)
() () = ()(( )) = ()( ) = ()
(b)
Since rxx(t) is an even function (as mentioned in the hint), we only need to compute rxx(t) for either t 0
or t 0. In either case, the autocorrelation function is computed by convolving the original signal with its
reflection.
For t<-2, rxx(t)=0
2
2
+2
+1
( ) + +1 + 1
For -2 t -1, () = 0
For -1 t 0, () = 0
+ 2 + 2
1
+2
3
6
2
2
MATLAB Implementation:
t=linspace(-2.5,2.5,501);
rxx=(t.^2/2+2*t+2).*((t>=-2)&(t<-1));
rxx=rxx+(-t.^3/6-t.^2/2+t/2+4/3).*((t>=-1)&(t<0));
rxx=rxx+(t.^3/6-t.^2/2-t/2+4/3).*((t>=0)&(t<1));
rxx=rxx+(t.^2/2-2*t+2).*((t>=1)&(t<2));
plot(t,rxx,'k')
+2+3
xlabel('t')
ylabel('r_{xx}(t)')
2.4.35 Show that an LTIC system response to an everlasting sinusoid cos(wot) is given by
() = |( )|[ + ( )]
Where
() = ()
Sol:
Consider the input () = and letting = in below equation we get
() = () = () () = () = ()
Where () = ()
Thus,
() = ( )
Using equation (2.40) from textbook, we have input () = cos( ) = [ ] and y(t) is
() = [( ) ] = {|( )| ( +( )) } = |( )|[ + ( )]
2.6.1 (b) Explain with reasons, whether the LTIC system described by the following equation is (i)
stable or unstable in the BIBO sense, (ii) asymptotically stable, unstable or marginally stable. Assume
that the systems are controllable and observable.
( + + )() = ( + )()
Sol:
The characteristic polynomial for given equation is
(2 + 3 + 2) = ( + 1)( + 2)
This results in characteristic at 0, -1 and -2.
One of the roots (0) is on imaginary axis and two other (-1 and -2) are in the Left Hand Plane (LHP).
Since, one of the roots is on imaginary axis the system is marginally stable and thus BIBO unstable.
() = (. ) ( )
=
Expanding () =
=0(0.5) ( ) yields
(b)
=0(0.5) ( ) = =0(0.5) ( ) = =0(0.5) =
10
10.5
= 2 which is