Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Tan Cheng
Joe Janiszewski
Aaron Jasken
Brent Wassell
Ang Zheng
Table of Contents
1 Problem Definition Supporting Documents ............................................................................................ 3
1.1
fluid, supplementing the fluid from the foot powered cylinders, results from the vertical motion of the
rider weighed bicycle seat during travel. Accordingly, the hydraulic flow from the foot powered cylinder
is intermittently supplemented by a fluid flow resulting from varying loads exerted on the bicycle seat
while underway.
Patent # 7,992,948 B2- Hydraulic Regenerative Braking For A Bike. The Bike has a regenerative braking
system assembled into a front hub of a bicycle wheel. The device allows the bicycle to capture part of
the kinetic energy that would otherwise be lost when braking and make use of that energy to assist
accelerating or hill climb maneuvers. Claim is also made that further comprising a remote actuator in
communication with the braking mechanism for selecting the mode of operation.
Patent # 4,087,105 Hydraulic Powered Bicycle. This bicycle has a hydraulic motor mounted in the
rear wheel. And there are two pumps mounted on the bike. One is powered by pedaling the cranks and
the other is powered by movement of the handlebars. Power can be supplied either through cranks a
handlebars independently or at the same time. A directional control valve is used to control the flow
from pumps to motor, motor to accumulator, accumulator to motor.
Patent # 4,688,815- Hydraulic Driven Bicycle. This hydraulically driven bicycle consists of a hydraulic
pump mechanism and a hydraulic drive mechanism. The hydraulic pump mechanism is operated by
rotational movement of the pedal drive shaft. The hydraulic drive mechanism is driven by the fluid
pump by the pump system and is coupled to one of the wheels of the bicycle. The hydraulic pump
mechanism and the hydraulic drive mechanism are interconnected by fluid circulating tubes so that a
closed hydraulic system is constructed on the bicycle.
Patent # 5,772,225-Hydraulic Bicycle with Conjugate Drive Motors. This bicycle has a function of
transmitting power between mechanical movements. It includes a fluid pump and a fluid motor
attached near the rear hub, and a manifold connecting the pump and the motor. An apportionment
valve is used to control the ratio of movement between the first and second mechanical movement, and
a brake valve is used for stopping the second mechanical movement.
IMPORTANCE
5
4
3
4
Performance
Performance
Safety
Safety
4
3
4
4
Safety
Safety
Manufacturability
Manufacturability
5
3
3
Efficiency
Accumulator size
Efficiency
Figure 1.6 Improved circuit concept with energy regeneration and storage function
Concept Selection
Table 1.2 Drivetrain Selection
CRITERION
CHAIN
DIRECT-GEAR
COG BELT
INLINE GEARS
PLANETARY GEARS
Cost
Manufacturability
Reliability
Sprint Race
Distance Race
Efficiency Race
Competition Points
SUMMATION
0
0
+
0
+
+2
+
-3
+
-3
By setting up a decision matrix it becomes quite apparent that there is only one logical decision. By
using a cog belt design, an effective design will be able to hit all of the major criterion for the project. If
a gear system were to be implemented, whether inline or planetary, the costs, manufacturability,
reliability and performance in the sprint race would decrease. This is because the system would have a
very low tolerance for any error and any errors that were present would not be allowed to flex as in a
cog belt design. All of the design choices would be better than using a chain for the competition
because a penalty occurs if any metal chains are used. By confirming with Parker-Hannifin that a
nonmetal cog belt would not be penalized, the choice becomes obvious. Not only will using a belt be
just easy costless and easy to set up as a chain, but it will also perform better [3].
10
RWD (1 wheel)
FWD (2 wheels)
AWD (3 wheels)
Cost
Manufacturability
Reliability
Sprint Race
Distance Race
Efficiency Race
Competition
Points
SUMMATION
-2
-2
When selecting the drive type, how many wheels will be set up to propel the bicycle, there were three
different options. The design from last year was set up with a single RWD propulsion system. This is
also how a recumbent bicycle is designed to work (unmodified). A proper exploration of all of the
different designs was still necessary in order that an optimum result would be achieved. The main
advantages to adding motors on the front wheels are overall more power and also there would be more
energy stored in the event that a regenerative braking system is implemented. However, logistically
manufacturing an effective design that allows for motors on the front wheels introduces lots of
challenges. Mainly, due to the fact that a human has to have adequate room to pedal the bike the
motors would have to be added on the outside of the two wheels.
Figure 1.7 shows the complications of adding motors to the front of the bike. Because there is not room
on the inside, they would have to be added to the outside of the wheels. This creates a complicated
mounting scheme and also widens the base for the bike. By keeping the bike as a RWD system the
controls are simplified to only 1 motor. Additionally, since the accumulator and reservoir will likely be
mounted in the back of the bike this moves the center of mass towards the back wheel. This means that
when they bike begins to take off, frictional force will be greater because there will be more normal
force on the bike. Lastly, front motor design adds an additional complication - driving straight. If both
motors are not turning at exactly the same rate, then the bike will be pushed in the opposite direction.
Even if the motors are both set to the same fixed displacement, there are phantom losses throughout
the system and they will not be 100% identical. This is why a single motor RWD design is the best.
11
12
Parts Drawings
14
15
16
17
18
19
Description
F11
pump/motor
Greenspeed
GT1
Recumbent
Bicycle
1 gallon
bladder
accumulator
3000 psi
Alfine Disc
or Rim Brake
8-spd
Internal Hub
(32-Hole,
Black)
60 tooth
CDX
Center-Track
Sprocket
20 tooth
CDX
Center-Track
Sprocket
24 tooth
CDX
Center-Track
Alfine
Sprocket
113 tooth
Qty
Total
Team
Cost
Production
Cost
2197.6
1889.97
Retail
Cost
Team's
Cost
1098.8
1889.97
Source
Parker
Hannifin
Part Number
F11-005
3707308
Calhoun
Cyclic
GRS-4011
Parker
Hannifin
BA01B3T01A1 851.55
851.55
Amazon
SG-S501
253.44
253.44
253.44
253.44
Eriks Bike
Shop
SO104999
104.99
104.99
104.99
104.99
Eriks Bike
Shop
SO8999
89.99
89.99
89.99
89.99
Eriks Bike
Shop
Eriks Bike
SO104999
SO10999
104.99
109.99
104.99
109.99
2
1
209.98
109.99
209.98
109.99
20
Shop
Eriks Bike
Shop
Calhoun
Cycle
SO10999
319.99
319.99
319.99
319.99
SUR-0102
135.97
135.97
135.97
135.97
McMaster
Carr
8805A16
61.65
61.65
61.65
61.65
Amazon
SL-S500
49.99
49.99
49.99
49.99
Amazon
Amazon
Menards
24.1
36
11
24.1
36
11
2
1
2
48.2
36
22
48.2
36
22
Amazon
20
9.52
0
9.52
1
2
0
19.04
20
19.04
Amazon
SG-S501
18.58
18.58
18.58
18.58
13.5
13.5
ME Tool Crib
McMaster
Carr
8804A24
12.21
12.21
12.21
12.21
Amazon
9.93
9.93
9.93
9.93
Amazon
D1724
7.81
7.81
7.81
7.81
Amazon
3.39
9.01
18.02
6.78
Amazon
Amazon
McMaster
Carr
Amazon
McMaster
Carr
SG-3C40
-
6.47
6.44
6.47
6.44
1
1
6.47
6.44
6.47
6.44
3042T74
-
1.59
5.5
1.59
5.5
4
1
6.36
5.5
6.36
5.5
8836A35
2.74
2.74
5.48
5.48
21
University of
Minnesota
McMaster
Carr
Amazon
3042T77
-
1.72
0.95
1.72
0.95
2
3
3.44
2.85
3.44
2.85
Amazon
Amazon
2.45
1.98
2.45
4.61
1
1
2.45
4.61
2.45
1.98
Amazon
0.98
5.54
5.54
0.98
Amazon
0.98
5.54
5.54
0.98
Amazon
0.98
5.54
5.54
0.98
Amazon
0.98
5.54
5.54
0.98
0.43
0.43
0.86
0.86
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
8 F5OX
8 TX
8 BTX
4-6 F5OX
6 TX
6 BTX
8JTX
4
2
0
0
0
0
22
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
Parker
Hannifin
4JTX
451TC-8
0
1679.39
0
6624.90
Manufacturing Procedure
The following manufacturing procedure has been broken down into eight steps. They are each
described below in sufficient detail to allow anyone to be able to manufacture the bicycle that has been
described throughout this report.
23
24
3) The motor and pump sprockets also needs to be connected with the belt sprockets with 1/4 bolts
together. The belt sprocket will be further fabricated by drilling 5 holes that are evenly distributed
around a circle concentric with the sprocket. And the pump/motor sprockets will have 5 corresponding
holes to be drilled for the use of bolts connection. Inside the pump/motor sprockets a rectangular slot
will be milled from the material. And one 6mm key is cut into the bored hole using a broach and arbor
press so that the pump/motor sprocket can have a fitting contact with the spindle of motor and pump.
4) The pump sprockets also need to be connected with the belt sprockets with 0.6 cm bolts together.
The belt sprocket will be further fabricated by drilling 6 holes that are evenly distributed around a circle
concentric with the sprocket. And the pump/motor sprockets will have 6 corresponding holes to be
drilled for the use of bolts connection. Inside the pump/motor sprockets a rectangular slot will be milled
from the material. And one 6mm key is cut into the bored hole using a broach and arbor press so that
the pump/motor sprocket can have a fitting contact with the spindle of motor and pump.
25
26
27
Equation 3.4)
P = Power [W]
T = Torque [N*m]
w = Pedaling speed [rpm]
METHODS
The Precor UBK 835 upright stationary bike is shown in Figure 3.1. The power and pedaling speed were
displayed on the digital screen of the machine.
28
Sustainable
Maximum
Torque [N*m]
18
32
disposable, and the frame and all of the mounting components are made out of aluminum which is also
easily recyclable.
Alternatives to Design
One way to increase the friendliness of this design in regards to the environment is if the hydraulic
pump and motor could be manufactured to be more easily recyclable. Additionally, if the rubber hoses
could be manufactured without the use of steel braiding, this would make them easier to recycle as
well.
Discussion
Throughout the entire design process, the environment was considered. In society today, it is virtually
impossible to design anything without first analyzing its impact on the environment. If it would have
been possible to partner with Parker-Hannifin in the development of more environmentally friendly
hydraulic component hardware, it would have been interesting to see what would have resulted. Future
work might include incorporating more aluminum rather than steel into hydraulic fittings, removing
steel braiding from hydraulic hoses, and designing more accumulators that are made out of more easily
recyclable materials. Additionally, the frame could be reconsidered to be made out of wood instead of
aluminum. There are, in fact, frames made out of certain types of wood that are said to be as
structurally sound as aluminum and other metals [18].
30