Discuss the issues arising from the changing size and distribution of

population, including environmental, economic and social impacts.

Introduction
The population of the world has recently reached 7.4 billion and since the
1800s, it has grown exponentially. The change in distribution of population
has raised awareness over the sustainability of the worlds current
population. With a large increase in migration, urbanisation and urban
growth, it has resulted in a change of distribution in our population. A
looming expected population at 9 billion by 2050, there are many issues
that will arise due to the changing size and distribution of population.
These issues will be of global scale with various environmental, economic
and social impacts on the world. Examples of these positive and negative
impacts can be seen in the Philippines and Australia where population has
reached 98.3 million and 23.1 million respectively. This report will discuss
the issues while emphasizing both positive and negative impacts of our
population growth.
General Issues
Due to the exponential growth of population in the last two centuries,
many issues have risen over the sustainability of our worlds population.
Primarily due to migration and a change in fertility and mortality rates, the
worlds population has exponentially risen since the industrial revolution.
The introduction of the industrial era has seen the dramatic rise in
population with the global population reaching 1 billion in 1800, 1.6 billion
by 1900, and 6 billion in 2000. Also international migration, urbanisation
and urban growth have contributed to the changing size and distribution
of the growing population. The several push and pull factors for people to
leave their current home for employment opportunities, higher standard
of living or to leave war and civil disorder or lack of medical facilities has
led to changes in the environment, economy and society. With several
factors affecting fertility and mortality resulting in lower replacement
rates include urbanisation, contraception methods, economic well-being
and an improvement of health standards has taken a huge role in the
changing size and distribution of countries as seen in the population
pyramid below of Australia in 1950 and 2015.

Environmental Impacts
There are several environmental impacts that have/will occur because of
the changing size and distribution of population around the world. These
impacts include Environmental Degradation and