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Index terms: Seismic Performance, Sloping ground, Step back building with
slope 100 ,200 ,300 , Shear wall with different configuration
Cite this Article: S.P.Pawar, Dr.C.P.Pise, Y.P.Pawar, S.S.Kadam, D. D.
Mohite, C. M. Deshmukh and N. K. Shelar, Effect of Positioning of RC Shear
Walls of Different Shapes on Seismic Performance of Building Resting On
Sloping Ground. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology,
7(3), 2016, pp.373384.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=7&IType=3
1. INTRODUCTION
The scarcity of plain ground in hilly areas compels construction activity on sloping
ground resulting in various important buildings such as reinforced concrete framed
structures resting on hilly slopes. Since, the behavior of buildings during earthquake
depends upon the distribution of mass and stiffness in both horizontal and vertical
planes of the buildings, both of which vary in case of hilly buildings with irregularity
and asymmetry due to step-back and step back-set back configuration. The presence
of such constructions in seismically prone areas makes them exposed to greater shears
and torsion as compared to conventional construction. In order to highlight the
differences in behavior, this may further be influenced by the characteristics of the
locally available foundation material. Current building codes including IS: 1893 (Part
1): 2002 suggest detailed dynamic analysis of these types of buildings on different
soil (hard, medium and soft soil) types. To assess acceptability of the design it is
important to predict the force and deformation demands imposed on structures and
their elements by severe ground motion.
2. BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Number of storey: 6
Slab thickness: 120 mm
Floor height: 3.5 m
Thickness of concrete shear wall: 200 mm
No of bay in x and y direction: 5
Spacing in x and y direction: 4 m
2
Live load: 4 kN/m
Floor finish load: 1. 875 kN/m2
Grade of concrete: M20
Grade of steel: Fe415
Beam sizes: 300x500 mm
Column sizes: 500x500 mm
Earthquake parameters
Type of frame: SMRF seismic zone: v
Response reduction factor: 5
Importance factor: 1
The models are analyzed on leveled as well as sloping ground with a varying
slope V: H). The frames on leveled and sloping ground under consideration for
present study is as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
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Plan
Load Combinations
The following load combination has been used for the calculating the member forces
and for comparing its results as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002.
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4. METHOD OF ANALYSIS
The IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 recommends 3D modeling for dynamic analysis (Response
Spectrum analyses and Time History analyses) of irregular buildings higher than 12m
in zone IV and V, and those greater than 40m in height in zone II and III. 3D analysis
including torsional effect has been carried out by using response spectrum method for
this study. Dynamic response of these buildings, in terms of base shear, fundamental
time period, roof displacement and member forces is presented, and compared within
the considered configuration of shear walls as well as with model without shear walls
on sloping ground and at different slopes, efficient positioning of shear walls
configuration to be used is suggested. Three columns A, B and C as shown in Fig. are
considered for comparison of member forces in the present study.
The seismic analysis of all buildings is carried by Response Spectrum Method in
accordance with IS: 1893 (Part 1): 2002. As per codal provisions dynamic results are
normalized by multiplying with a base shear ratio Vb/VB , where Vb is the base shear
evaluation based on time period given by empirical equation and, VB is the base shear
from dynamic analysis , if Vb/VB ratio is more than one. Damping considered for all
modes of vibration was five percent. For determining the seismic response of the
buildings in different directions for ground motion the response spectrum analysis
was conducted in longitudinal and transverse direction (X and Y). The other
parameters used in seismic analysis were, severe seismic zone (IV), zone factor 0.36,
importance factor 1, special moment resisting frame (SMRF) for all models with a
response reduction factor of 5. The default number of modes (i.e. 12) in software was
used and the modal responses were combined using CQC method. The response
spectra for medium soil sites with 5% damping as per IS 1893 (Part1):2002 is utilized
in response spectrum analysis.
The following models of building are considered on sloping ground.
W 10 without shear wall
W 20 without shear wall
S 10 with straight shape shear wall
S 20 with straight shape shear wall L10
with L-shape shear walls
L 20 with L-shape shear walls
C10 with channel shape shear wall
C 20 with channel shape shear wall
T10 with T-shape shear walls
T 20 with T-shape shear walls
W 30
S 30
L 30
C 30
T 30
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Figure 9 Variation of base shear for building of without shear wall on sloping ground with
varying slope
Figure 10 Variation of base shear for building of with a shear wall on sloping ground with
varying slope
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6. MEMBER FORCES
The shear forces and bending moments in columns also get red uced same as to model
on sloping ground due to shear wall. The member forces such as axial forces, shear
forces and bending moment are presented in Fig.15, to Fig.20 respectively. The
buildings on slope are subjected to torsion when subjected to lateral load. Hence the
torsional moments are also compared. These torsional moments get reduced by 7590% as shown in Fig.21, 22
Figure 15 Axial Forces for building without shear wall on sloping ground
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Figure 16 Axial Forces for building with shear wall on sloping ground
Figure 17 Shear Forces for building without shear wall on sloping ground
Figure 18 Shear Forces for building with shear wall on sloping ground
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Figure 19 Bending Moment for building without shear wall on sloping ground
Figure 20 Bending Moment for building without shear wall on sloping ground
Figure 21 Tortioal Moment for building without shear wall on sloping ground
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Figure 22 Tortioal Moment for building with shear wall on sloping ground
7. CONCLUSIONS
From the present study the following conclusions are drawn
1. There is significant improvement observed in seismic performance of building on
slopes by providing shear walls with different configurations since lateral
displacement and member forces reduces considerably in building due to provision of
shear walls.
2. For buildings on slopes shortest column on higher stiffness. The base shear and
displacement is more along the slope than in other transverse direction.
3. The straight shape (or rectangular) shear walls configuration proves to be better
among all configurations for resisting the lateral displacement.
4. The L-shape shear walls configuration is effective during seismic activity because the
member forces developed in this configuration are less as compared to other
configurations on sloping ground whereas on plane ground this configuration has
approximately same member forces for all configurations. Also for this configuration
base shear is Minimum among all configurations on leveled ground.
5. Use of T-shape shear walls gives more lateral displacement and member forces for
buildings on slopes as compared to other configurations.
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