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Code No: M0207 Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
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Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Discuss about different load modeling and their characteristics. [16]

2. (a) Discuss the basic differences between radial and loop types of primary distri-
bution feeders.
(b) Explain their basic design considerations.
(c) The annual input to a sub - transmission system is 87600Mwh. On the peak
load day of the year, the peak is 25Mw and the energy input on that day is
300Mwh. Find the load factor for the year and for the peak load day. [5+5+6]
3. (a) A 3 - Φ, 4.16kV wye grounded feeder main has 4 copper conductors with
an equivalent spacing of 1.0 m between phase conductors and a lagging load
power factor of 0.9. Determine the ‘k’ constant of the main feeder. Let r =
1.503Ω/m and x=0.7456 Ω/m. Also calculate the percent voltage drop in the
main if a lumped sum load of 500 kVA with a lagging p.f. of 0.9 is connected
at the end of 1m long feeder main.
(b) List out the benefits obtained from optimal location of substations. [8+8]
4. Derive the expression for voltage drop and power loss for 3 phase balanced system
and non-three phase system. Compare both of them. [16]
5. What are the different types of over current protective devices and explain their
merits and demerits. [16]
6. (a) Explain the salient points in general co-ordination procedure.
(b) Explain Fuse-Recloser coordination. [8+8]
7. (a) With the help of a phasor diagram, show how a series capacitor boosts the
voltage? What are the drawbacks of this method?
(b) A synchronous motor having a power consumption of 50KW is connected in
parallel with a load of 200KW a lagging p.f of 0.8. If the combined load has
a power actor of 0.9, what is the value of leading reactive KVA supply by the
motor and at what p.f is it working. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the basic functions of booster transformer and how it increases the
line voltage.
(b) Describe the operation of AVR/AVB with neat diagram. [8+8]
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1. (a) Define load factor, coincident factor and contribution factor.

(b) Assume that the annual peak load input to a primary feeder is 2000kW. The
total copper loss at the time of peak load is 100kW. The total annual energy
supplied to the sending end of the feeder is 5.61 × 106 kWh. Then:
i. Determine the annual loss factor
ii. Calculate the total annual copper loss energy and its value at Rs. 1.5/kWh.
iii. Calculate load factor of the primary feeder. [6+10]
2. Assume that a star connected three phase load is made up of three impedances of
506 250 ohms each and that the load is supplied by a three phase four wire primary
¯ are van
express feeder. The balanced line to neutral voltages at the receiving end
0 0 0
= 7630 0 V, v̄bn = 7630 240 V, v̄cn = 7630 120 V. Determine the following:
6 6 6
(a) The phase currents in each line

(b) The line to line phasor voltages
(c) The total active and reactive power supplied to the load. [16]
3. Compute percent voltage drop of substation service area, where the lateral is uni-
formly loaded and the load is lumped and placed at half way along its length.
[16]
4. (a) The resistance and inductance of cable is 0.0334 ohms and 0.00299 ohms re-
spectively. Assume that the voltage of cable is 120V and p.f. of 0.9. Then
calculate the voltage drop using approximate formula and per unit voltage
drop.
(b) Mention the different manual methods for solving radial networks and explain
them in detail. [6+10]
5. Obtain the sequence impedance computed for a L-L, 2L-G and L-G faults. Compare
the magnitude of fault current in all cases. [16]
6. (a) Explain Fuse-Fuse coordination.

(b) Explain Recloser -Recloser coordination. [8+8]
7. (a) How is economical p.f arrived at for a given distribution system with different
loads.
(b) Explain shunt capacitors compensation. [8+8]
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8. (a) Briefly explain the line drop compensation and voltage control.
(b) How an AVB can control voltage? With the aid of suitable diagram explain
its Function. [8+8]
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2 of 2

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1. Determine:
(a) The contribution factor for each of load cases

(b) The diversified maximum demand of the load group
(c) The coincidence factor of the load group for the load data. [16]
Time 6 a.m - 9 a.m - 12 noon - 1p.m- 6p.m- 8 p.m- 11p.m-
9 a.m 12 noon 1 p.m 6p.m 8p.m 11p.m 6 a.m
Residential, kw 400 300 300 300 400 300 200
Commercial, kw 100 500 550 600 900 400 100
2. (a) Assume that the service area pf a given feeder is increasing as a result of new
residential developments. Determine the new load and area that can be served
with the same percent voltage drop if the new feeder voltage level is increased
to 34.5 kV from the previous voltage level of 12.47kV.
(b) Discuss in detail the factors which influence the selection of primary feeder
rating. [8+8]
3. Discuss the benefits, which are derived through optimal location of substations.
[16]
4. (a) Consider a balanced three phase circuit shown in fig. 4 . R +jX represent
the total impedance of the line. The power factor of the load is cos θ = cos
(θV R −θr ). Find the load power factor for which the voltage drop is maximum?
(b) Prove the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the 2 phase, 3 -
wire lateral with multi - grounded neutral is approximately 1.64 times larger
than the one in the equivalent three phase lateral. Also show that VDpu,2Φ =
2 × VDpu,3Φ . [6+10]
5. What are the various factors considered while selecting a over current protective
device. Explain the operation of a Line sectionalizer and a fuse. [16]
6. (a) Explain the salient points in general co-ordination procedure.

(b) Explain Fuse-Recloser coordination. [8+8]
7. (a) A 440V,3-ph distribution feeder having a load of 100KW at lagging p.f and
the load current is 200A if it is desired to improve the p.f , Determine the
following:
i. The uncorrected p.f and reactive load.
1 of 2

ii. The new corrected p.f after installing a shunt capacitor of 75KVAR.
(b) Explain about series compensation. [10+6]
8. (a) Explain Control and rating of voltage regulators.
(b) What are different methods for voltage control ? Briefly explain them.
[8+8]
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2 of 2

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1. Derive the relationship between load factor and loss factor for the following load
conditions:
(a) Off - peak load is zero
(b) Load is steady
(c) Very short lasting peak. [16]
2. (a) Assume that the service area pf a given feeder is increasing as a result of new
residential developments. Determine the new load and area that can be served
with the same percent voltage drop if the new feeder voltage level is increased
to 34.5 kV from the previous voltage level of 12.47kV.
(b) Discuss in detail the factors which influence the selection of primary feeder
rating. [8+8]
3. (a) Give detailed analysis of square shape service area is served by four primary
feeders from a central feed point.
(b) Derive the equation of percent voltage drop of hexagonal shape service area
of substation. [8+8]
4. (a) Give detailed analysis of three phase balanced primary lines
(b) Consider a balanced 3 phase circuit having Vs and Vr are the sending and
receiving end voltages respectively. R+jX is the total impedance of lines and
I is the total current passing through the circuit. Find the load power factor
for which the voltage drop is maximum? [8+8]
5. Describe the principle of operation of:
(a) fuses
(b) Circuit breakers
(c) Line sectionalizer
(d) circuit recloser. [4×4]
6. (a) What is coordination? What are the differences between protecting and pro-
tective devices?
(b) Explain different types of coordination of protective devices. [8+8]
7. (a) How is economical p.f arrived at for a given distribution system with different
loads.
1 of 2

(b) Explain shunt capacitors compensation. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain about the Induction type regulator.

(b) Describe different types of equipment for voltage control with neat diagrams.
[8+8]
?????
2 of 2

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com The Complete Information About Colleges in Andhra Pradesh

Code No: M0207 Set No. 1

1. Discuss about different load modeling and their characteristics. [16]

Code No: M0207 Set No. 2

1. (a) Define load factor, coincident factor and contribution factor.

(a) The phase currents in each line

6. (a) Explain Fuse-Fuse coordination.

Code No: M0207 Set No. 2

Code No: M0207 Set No. 3

(a) The contribution factor for each of load cases

6. (a) Explain the salient points in general co-ordination procedure.

Code No: M0207 Set No. 3

8. (a) Explain Control and rating of voltage regulators.

Code No: M0207 Set No. 4

Code No: M0207 Set No. 4

8. (a) Explain about the Induction type regulator.

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