Seminar by:

S.Murali krishnan
5050910061-B Tech EEE,
SRM University,
Chennai

What is UPS?
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply is a
standby electrical Power source connected
between the Power Utility and the load.

 Modern Electronic gadgets and computer

systems are highly sensitive to the power
fluctuations
Disruption of power may lead to Data loss/
corruption/ malfunction etc.
Standby Power Sources - Generators
Starting the generator takes a few minutes.
UPS is mainly used as a Power Backup for
the above few minutes

 UPS maintains power instantaneously by

switching to battery in the event of a power failure
or a dip (brown out)
Used to condition the power supply by reducing
spikes and harmonics.
Designed to correct a variety of power problems - Sags Transient Under voltage
- Surge Short duration high voltage
- Brownouts Low voltage for long time
- Spikes
Brief but high energy bursts
- Line noise, frequency variation, switching
transient and Harmonic distortion

Three types of UPS

1. Offline UPS
2. Line interactive UPS
3. Online UPS

1. Offline UPS

2. Line Interactive UPS

3. Online UPS

Online UPS

Main

components of UPS:

- Rectifier / Battery Charger

- Battery
- Inverter

Main features for a Good UPS:
- Shortest changeover time < 4mS
- Sufficient battery backup time
- Quality output supply
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Online UPS

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Online UPS - Operation

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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS - Input

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Online UPS - Input

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Online UPS - Input

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Online UPS - Input

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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

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Online UPS -Rectifier

Thyristor

IGCT

Power (VA)

108
106

MOSFET

IGCT
IGBT

104
102

IGBT

Thyristor

 Switching speeds and power ratings SCR Vs IGBT

MOSFET

101 102 103 104

Switching Frequency (Hz)
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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS DC System

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Online UPS DC System

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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS Inverter

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Online UPS Inverter

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Online UPS Inverter

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Online UPS Inverter

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Online UPS Inverter

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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS Output

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Online UPS Output

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Online UPS

Elements

of UPS:

- Input
- Rectifier / Battery Charger
- DC System
- Inverter
- Output
- Static Bypass
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Online UPS Static Bypass

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Online UPS Static Bypass

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Online UPS Other points

Design Factors
Typical Circuit
Typical PCB
Faults
Dos
Donts
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Online UPS Design Factors

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Online UPS Typical Circuit

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Online UPS Typical PCB

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Online UPS Faults

Overload Trip

Battery Low trip

Output OV/ UV

Over Temperature

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Online UPS Dos

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Online UPS Donts

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