Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
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Chapter 9
Exercise Solutions
EX9.1
(a) i1 =

I
R1

A =

25 10 3
= 10 10 6 R1 = 2.5 k
R1

R2
R2
25 =
R2 = 62.5 k
R1
2.5

(b) O = A I = (25) 25 10 3 = 0.625 V

0.625 O 0.625 V
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EX9.2

R
R
1 + 3 + 3
R
R
4
2

A = 75 , Let R1 = 20 k
A =

R2
R1

A = 75 =

Let

R2
R1

R R
1 + 3 3
R
R1
4

R 2 R3
=
=8
R1
R1

Then R2 = R3 = 160 k

R
75 = 81 + 3 + 8
R4

R3
or
= 7.375
R4
160
= 21.7 k
So R4 =
7.375
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EX9.3
(a) A =

R2
1

R1
R
1
1 + 2
1 +
R1
Aod

R1 = 25 k , A = 15.0 , Aod = 10 4
Then
R
1
15.0 = 2
R1
R2
1

1 + 4 1 +
R1
10

which yields

R2
= 15.024 R2 = 375.6 k
R1

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) (i) Aod = 10 5
Then A = (15.024)

1
1

1 + 10 5 (16.024)

= 15.0216

(ii) Aod = 10 3
1

A = (15.024)

= 14.787
1

(
)
1
+
16
.
024
10 3

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EX9.4
(a) O = 3( I 1 + 2 I 2 + 0.3 I 3 + 4 I 4 )
O = 3 I 1 6 I 2 0.9 I 3 12 I 4
Then

R
R
RF
R
= 3 , F = 6 , F = 0.9 , F = 12
R1
R2
R3
R4

R3 will be the maximum resistance.

Let R3 = 400 k R F = 360 k , R1 = 120 k , R2 = 60 k , R4 = 30 k

(b) (i) O = 3(0.1) 6( 0.2 ) 0.9( 1) 12(0.05) = +1.2 V

(ii) O = 3( 0.2) 6(0.3) 0.9(1.5) 12( 0.1) = 1.35 V
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EX9.5
We may note that

R3
3
=
=2
R2 1.5

and

RF 20
=
=2
R1 10

so that

R3 RF
=
R2 R1

Then
iL =

( 3 )
vI
=
iL = 2 mA
R2 1.5 k

vL = iL Z L = ( 2 103 ) ( 200 ) = 0.4 V

i4 =

vL
0.4
=
= 0.267 mA
R2 1.5 k

i3 = i4 + iL = 0.267 + 2 = 2.267 mA

v0 = i3 R3 + vL = ( 2.267 103 )( 3 103 ) 0.4 v0 = 7.2 V

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EX9.6
(a) Ad =

R2
= 50
R1

For I 2 = 50 mV and I 1 = 50 mV
O = 50(0.05 ( 0.05)) = 5 V
5 0.05
iR2
= 50 A
R2
Set R2 = R4 = 100 k
R1 = R3 = 2 k
0.05
0.05
=
0.49 A
(b) i R 3 =
R3 + R4 100 + 2

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX9.7
We have the general relation that
R [ R4 / R3 ]
R2
v0 = 1 + 2
vI 2 vI 1

R1 1 + [ R4 / R3 ]
R1

R1 = R3 = 10 k, R2 = 20 k, R4 = 21 k
20 [ 21/10]
20
v0 = 1 +
vI 2 vI 1
10 1 + [ 21/10]
10
v0 = 2.0323vI 2 2.0vI
vI 1 = 1, vI 2 = 1

a.
b.
c.

v0 = 2.0323 2.0 v0 = 4.032 V

vI 1 = vI 2 = 1 V
v0 = 2.0323 2.0 v0 = 0.0323 V
vcm = vI 1 = vI 2

so common-mode gain

v
Acm = 0 = 0.0323
vcm

d.
A
C M R RdB = 20 log10 d
Acm
2.0323
1
Ad =
( 2.0 ) = 2.016
2
2
2.016
C M R RdB = 20 log10
= 35.9 d B
0.0323

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EX9.8
2 R2
1 +

R1

90 2(50)
Ad (max ) =
1 +
= 153
30
2

(a) Ad =

R4
R3

90
2(50)
1 +
= 5.94
30 2 + 100
5.94 Ad 153

Ad (min ) =

0.025 ( 0.025)
i1 = 25 A
R1
2
______________________________________________________________________________________

(b) i1 =

I1 I 2

EX9.9
(a) R1C 2 = 10 4 0.1 10 6 1 ms
0 < t <1
(i)
1 1
O = 0 t ' = 1 V
1 0
(ii)
1< t < 2
( 1) t ' 2 = 1 + 1(2 1) = 0
O = 1
1
1

( )(

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)

2<t<3
3

1
1

O = 0 t ' = 1 V
(iv)

3<t <4

O = 1

( 1) t ' 4 = 0
1

( )( ) 10 ms

(b) R1C 2 = 10 10
0 < t <1
(i)
4

O = 0
(ii)

(1) t ' 1 = 0.1 V

10

1< t < 2

O = 0.1
(iii)

2<t<3

O = 0
(iv)

( 1) t ' 2 = 0
10

(1) t ' 3 = 0.1 V

10

3<t <4

O = 0.1

( 1) t ' 4 = 0

10
3
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EX9.10
(a) RN = R1 R2 = 40 20 = 13.33 k
R P = R A R B RC = 50 50 100 = 20 k

RF
R
R R
R
I 1 F I 2 + 1 + F P I 3 + P I 4
R1
R2
R
R
R
B
N A

80
80
80 20
20

O = I 1 I 2 + 1 +
I 3 + I 4
40
20
50
13.33 50

O = 2 I 1 4 I 2 + 2.8 I 3 + 2.8 I 4

O =

(b) (i) O = 2(0.1) 4(0.15) + 2.8(0.2) + 2.8(0.3) = 0.6 V

(ii) O = 2( 0.2) 4(0.25) + 2.8( 0.1) + 2.8(0.2) = 0.32 V
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX9.11 Computer Analysis
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Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

Test Your Understanding Solutions

TYU9.1
(a) A =

R2
240
12 =
R1 = 20 k
R1
R1

0.15
=
i1 = 7.5 A
R1
20
0.25
i1 = 12.5 A
(ii) i1 =
20
______________________________________________________________________________________

(b) (i) i1 =

TYU9.2
(a)
Av =

R2
R1 + RS

100
= 4.926
19 + 1.3
100
Av ( max ) =
= 5.076
19 + 0.7
so 4.926 Av 5.076
Av ( min ) =

(b)
0.1
= 5.076 A
19 + 0.7
0.1
i1 ( min ) =
= 4.926 A
19 + 1.3
so 4.926 i1 5.076 A
i1 ( max ) =

(c) Maximum current specification is violated.

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.3
A =

R2
1
200

20
R1

1
R2
1
1 +

1 +
1 + 4
10
A
R

1
od

1
200

1 +

20

or
A = 9.989

(a) O = ( 9.989 )(50 ) O = 0.49945 V

1 =
(b) I =

O
Aod

O
A

1 =

O
Aod

( 0.49945)
10 4

= 49.945 V

+5
= 0.50055 V
9.989
=

+5
1 = 0.5 mV
10 4

( )

(c) O = Aod1 = 10 4 (0.2) O = 2 V

2
=
= 0.20022 V
A 9.989
______________________________________________________________________________________

I =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU9.4
RF
R
R
I1 F I 2 F I 3
R1
R2
R3
200
200
200
=
I1
I2
I3
20
40
50
= 10 I 1 5 I 2 4 I 3

O =

(a) O = 10( 0.25) 5(0.30 ) 4( 0.50) O = 3 mV

(b) O = 10(10 ) 5( 40 ) 4(25) = 0
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.5
vI 1 + vI 2 + vI 3 RF
=
( vI 1 + vI 2 + vI 3 )
3
R
RF 1
= R1 = R2 = R3 R = 1 M
R 3
1
Then RF = M = 333 k
3
vO =

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.6
(a)

R
R
A = 10 = 1 + 2 2 = 9
R1
R1

Set R2 = 180 k , R1 = 20 k

R
R
(b) A = 5 = 1 + 2 2 = 4
R1
R1

For O = 5 V, 1 = 1 V
5 1
i R 2 = 100 A =
R2 = 40 k , then R1 = 10 k
R2
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU9.7

v0 = Aod ( v2 v1 ) = Aod ( vI v1 )
v0
v
vI = v1 or v1 = vI 0
Aod
Aod
i1 =

v v
v1
= i2 and i2 = 0 1
R1
R2

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

1 v v
Then v1 = 0 1
R2
R1
1
1 v
v1 + = 0
R1 R2 R2
R
R
v
v0 1 + 2 v1 = 1 + 2 vI 0
Aod
R1
R1

R2
1 +
R1
v0

So Av = =
vI
1 R2
1+
1 +
Aod
R1

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.8
Rb
For vI 2 = 0, v2 =
vI 1 and
Rb + Ra
R Rb
v0 ( vI 1 ) = 1 + 2
vI 1
R1 Rb + Ra

70 50
= 1 +
vI 1
5 50 + 25

= 10vI 1
Ra
For vI 1 = 0, v2 =
vI 2
Rb + Ra
R Ra
v0 ( vI 2 ) = 1 + 2
vI 2
R1 Rb + Ra

70 25
= 1 +
vI 2
5 25 + 50

= 5vI 2
Then
v0 = v0 ( vI 1 ) + v0 ( vI 2 )
v0 = 10vI 1 + 5vI 2

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.9

R S >> Ri so i1 = i2 = iS = 100 A
v0 = iS RF

10 = (100 106 ) R R = 100 k

F
F
We want
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Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU9.10

We want iL = 1 mA when vI = 5 V
iL =

( 5 )
VI
v
R2 = I =
R2 = 5 k
R2
i2
103

vL = iL Z L = (103 ) ( 500 ) vL = 0.5 V

i4 =

vL
0.5
=
i4 = 0.1 mA
R2 5 k

i3 = i4 + iL = 0.1 + 1 = 1.1 mA
If op-amp is biased at 10 V, output must be limited to 8 V.
So v0 = i3 R3 + vL

8 = (1.1 103 ) R3 + 0.5 R3 = 6.82 k

Let

R3 = 7.0 k

Then we want

R3 RF 7
=
= = 1.4
R2 R1 5

R = 10 k

R = 14 k

Can choose 1
and F
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.11
I 2
(a) O1 = I 1 + i1 R' 2 = I 1 + I 1
R1

R'

R'

R' 2

O1 = 1 + 2 I 1 2 I 2
R1
R1

O 2 = 1 + 2 I 2 2 I 1
R1
R1

Now

O =

R4
( O 2 O1 )
R3

We can write I 1 = cm

d
2

and I 2 = cm +

d
2

Then

2 R' 2 d
R'

R '

O1 = 1 + 2 cm d 2 cm + d = cm 1 +
2
2
R
R
R1 2

1
1

2 R
R

R
O 2 = 1 + 2 cm + d 2 cm d = cm + 1 + 2 d
2

R1

O =

R4
R3

2 R2
1 +
R1

O =

R4
R3

R2 + R ' 2
1 +
d
R1

R1

Then

2 R' 2
d
+ cm + 1 +
R1

or

So
Acm = 0

d
cm
2

R1 2

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) For Ad (max ) , let R1 = 2 k , R ' 2 = 50 k +5% = 52.5 k

90 50 + 52.5
1+
= 156.75
30
2

For Ad (min ) , let R1 = 102 k , R ' 2 = 50 k 5% = 47.5 k

Then Ad (max ) =

Then Ad (min ) =

90 50 + 47.5
1+
= 5.87
30
102

(c) CMRR =
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU9.12
i1 =

I1 I 2
R1

R1 ( fixed ) =

[2 ( 2)] 10 3
2 10 6

2 k

2 R2

Ad (max ) = (2.5)1 +
= 500 R2 = 199 k
2

2(199)
= 5 R1 (var ) = 396 k
Ad (min ) = (2.5)1 +
2 + R1 (var )
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU9.13

End of 1st pulse: o =

After 10 pulses: o = 5 =
So =

10 s
0

10 10 6

(10) 10 10 6

100 10 6
= 20 s
5

= 20 10 6 = R1C 2
C = 0.01 106 = 0.01 F R1 = 2 k
For example, 2
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU9.14
(a)

R R

+ R R +
V =
V
R

R
+
R
+

2R
R + R

+ R + R +
B =
V =
V
R + R + R R
2R
R R R + R +
O1 = A B =

V
2 R 2 R

A =

so

R + 5
4
V =
R = 2.5 10 R
3
R
20

10

We have O1 = 2.5 10 4 ( 100) O1 = 25 mV

O1 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 9
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

(b)
For the instrumentation amplifier
2R
R
O = 4 1 + 2 ( O1 )
R3
R1
3=

R4
R3

2 R2
1 +
R1

(0.025)

2 R2
R
R
1 +
; For example, set 4 = 10 and 2 = 5.5
R1
R3
R1

______________________________________________________________________________________

or 120 =

R4
R3

TYU9.15
(a)

R + 1
V = (3) = 1.5 V
2
R+R

+ 1
R
V =
B =
(3)
2+
R + R(1 + )

A =

1
2+

O1 = A B = 1.5

(2 + )(1.5) 3 = 1.5 0.75 V

(3) =
2+
2+

(b)
For an instrumentation amplifier
2R
R
O = 4 1 + 2 ( O1 )
R3
R1
For = 0.025 , want O = 3 V
3=

R4
R3

2 R2
1 +
R1

(0.75)(0.025)

or

2 R2
1 +

R1

R
R
For example, set 4 = 10 and 2 = 7.5
R3
R1
______________________________________________________________________________________
160 =

R4
R3