Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 7
Exercise Solutions
EX7.1
(a) (i) f L =

S =

2 S
S = (RS + RP )C S

1
1
=
3.183 ms
2 f L 2 (50 )

3.183 10 3 = (2 + 8) 10 3 (C S ) C S = 0.318 F

RP
fL

(ii) T =

2
R P + RS

1 + f

fL

fL
= 8
8 + 2
2

1 + f

fL

20
f
0.4
= 0.297
=
= 0.4 ; T = (0.8)
1 + (0.4)2
f L 50

50
1)
(
f
=
= 1 ; T = (0.8)
= 0.566
For f = 50,
f L 50
2
100
f
(2) = 0.716
=
= 2 ; T = (0.8)
For f = 100,
2
50
fL
1 + (2)
(b)
(i) P = (RS R P )C P = (4.7 25) 10 3 120 10 12 = 4.747 10 7 s
For f = 20,

fH =

1
2 P

1
=
335 kHz
2 4.747 10 7

RP
(ii) T =
R P + RS

1
2

(0.84175)

1 + f
1 + f

fH
fH
(0.84175) = 0.825
For f = 0.2 f H ; T =
2
1 + (0.2 )

For f = f H ; T =
For f = 8 f H ; T

(0.84175) = 0.595
2

(0.84175) = 0.104
=
2
1 + (8)

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

EX7.2

(a) A (mid ) =

RP
R P + RS

RP
RP

2 = 20 log10
= 0.7943
+
R
R
R
S
P + RS
P
7.5
= 0.7943 RS = 1.942 k
7.5 + RS
1
1
1
S =
=
= 0.7958 10 3 s
2 S
2 f L 2 (200)

fL =

S = (RS + RP )C S

0.7958 10 3 = (1.942 + 7.5) 10 3 (C S ) C S = 0.0843 F

P = (RS RP )C P = (1.942 7.5) 10 3 (80 10 12 ) = 1.234 10 7 s

1
1
fH =
=
1.29 MHz
2 P 2 1.234 10 7

(b) S = 0.796 ms
P = 0.123 s

________________________________________________________________________
EX7.3

(a) RTH = R1 R2 = 110 42 = 30.39 k

R2
42
VCC =
VTH =
(3) = 0.8289 V
110 + 42
R1 + R2
V V BE (on )
0.8289 0.7
=
= 0.001217 mA
I BQ = TH
RTH + (1 + )R E 30.39 + (151)(0.5)
I CQ = I BQ = 0.1826 mA

S = (R1 R2 Rib )CC

where Rib = r + (1 + )RE

Now

r =

(150)(0.026) = 21.36 k

0.1826
Then Rib = 21.36 + (151)(0.5) = 96.86 k

S = 110 42 96.86 10 3 (0.47 10 6 ) 10.87 ms

(b) f L =
A =

1
2 S

1
= 14.6 Hz
2 10.87 10 3

RC
(150)(7 )
=
= 10.84
r + (1 + )R E 21.36 + (151)(0.5)

________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.4

(a) I DQ = K n (VGSQ VTN )2

VGSQ = 1.981 V

3 1.981
= 4.08 k
0.25

250 = 100 VGSQ 0.4

VGSQ ( 3)

RS =

I DQ

V D = VGSQ + V DSQ = 1.981 + 1.7 = 0.281 V

RD =

3 V D 3 ( 0.281)
=
= 13.1 k
I DQ
0.25

(b) S = (RD + RL )CC = (13.1 + 20) 103 0.7 10 6 S = 23.17 ms

1
1
fL =
=
= 6.87 Hz
2 S 2 23.17 10 3
______________________________________________________________________________________

EX7.5

S = (R L + Ro )C C 2
f =

1
2 S

CC 2 =

2 (R L + R o )

r + (R S R B )
R o = R E ro

1+

From Example 7-5, R0 = 35.5

CC 2 =

1
2 (10 ) 10 10 3 + 35.5

CC 2 = 1.59 F

______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.6
(a)
RTH = 5 K
VTH = 3.7527
I BQ =

3.7527 0.7 ( 5) 0.54726

=
5 + (101)( 0.5)
55.5

= 0.00986
I CQ = 0.986 mA
gm = 37.925 r = 2.637 K
5 Vo Vo
= 1 Vo ( 0.4 )
5
5
Vo = 0.035
0.986 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b)

Vo = g mV (RC R L )

Rib = r + (1 + )R E = 2.64 + (101)(0.5) = 53.14 k

V =

Vb =

Vb
1+
RE
1 +

r
RTH Rib
RTH Rib + R S

A =

Vb
Vb
=
14
.885
101

1+
(0.5)
2.637

Vi =

5 53.14
5 53.14 + 0.1

Vi = (0.9786 )Vi

(37.925 )(2.5)
(0.9786 ) A = 6.23
14.885

(c)
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.7
a.
I BQ =

0 0.7 ( 10 )
0.5 + (101)( 4 )

= 0.0230 mA

I CQ = 2.30 mA
r =
gm =

B =

VT
I CQ
I CQ
VT

=
=

(100 )( 0.026 )
2.30

= 1.13 k

2.30
= 88.46 mA / V
0.026

R E (R S + r )C E
R S + r + (1 + )R E

(4 10 )(0.5 + 1.13)C
3

0.5 + 1.13 + (101)(4)

1
1
=
B = 0.7958 ms
B =
2 f B 2 (200 )

B = 16.07C E C E =
b.

0.796 10 3
C E = 49.5 F
16.07

A = R E C E = (4 10 3 )(49.5 10 6 ) A = 0.198 s

1
f A = 0.804 Hz
2 A 2 (0.198)
_____________________________________________________________________________
fA =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.8

(a)

f =

r =

1
2 r (C + C )

(120)(0.026) = 15.6
0.2

C + C =

1
1
=
0.113 pF
2 r f 2 15.6 10 3 90 10 6

)(

C = 0.113 0.02 = 0.093 pF

(b) h fe =

o
f

1+
f

120

For f = 50 MHz, h fe =

(i)

For f = 125 MHz, h fe =

(ii)

50
1+
90
120

For f = 500 MHz, h fe =

125
1+

90
120

= 105

= 70.1

= 21.3
2
500
1+

90
______________________________________________________________________________________

(iii)

EX7.9

r =

(150)(0.026) = 26 k

0.15
1
1
=
f =
2 r (C + C ) 2 26 10 3 (0.8 + 0.012 ) 10 12

or
f = 7.54 MHz

f T = o f = (150 )(7.54 ) f T = 1.13 GHz

______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.10
(a) RTH = R1 R2 = 200 220 = 104.8 k
R2
220
VCC =
VTH =
(5) = 2.619 V
R
R
+
200 + 220
2
1
V V BE (on )
2.619 0.7
=
I BQ = TH
= 0.009325 mA
RTH + (1 + )R E 104.8 + (101)(1)
I CQ = I BQ = 0.9325 mA

Now

r =

(100)(0.026) = 2.788 k
0.9325

; gm =

0.9325
= 35.87 mA/V
0.026

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
rs R1 R2
Ib =
r R R +r
s 1 2

100 104.8
I =
I = 0.9483I s
s 100 104.8 + 2.788 s

RC
I o = I b
RC + R L

2.2
= (100 )(0.9483)I s

2.2 + 4.7

or
Io
= 30.24
Is
(b) (i) For C = 0 C M = 0
Ai =

)]
= (0.08)[1 + (35.87)(2.2 4.7 )] = 4.38 pF
(

(ii) For C = 0.08 pF C M = C 1 + g m RC RL

CM

(c) Req = rs RTH r = 100 104.8 2.788 = 2.644 k

(i)

f 3dB =

1
1
=
60.2 MHz
2Req C
2 2.644 10 3 10 12

)(

1
11.2 MHz
2 2.644 10 (1 + 4.38) 10 12
______________________________________________________________________________________
(ii)

f 3dB =

EX7.11
g m = 2 f T C gs + C gd = 2 3 10 9 (60 + 8) 10 15 1.282 mA/V

g m = 2 K n I DQ I DQ =

1 gm
1 1.282

1.2 2
Kn 2

or
I DQ = 0.342 mA
______________________________________________________________________________________

EX7.12

166
(a) VG =
(10) = 4.15 V
166 + 234
2
VG = VGS + K n RS (VGS VTN )

2
4.15 = VGS + (0.8)(0.5) VGS
4VGS + 4

or
2
0.4VGS
0.6VGS 2.55 = 0
which yields
VGS = 3.384 V

I D = (0.8)(3.384 2) = 1.532 mA
Now
g m = 2 K n I D = 2 (0.8)(1.532 ) = 2.214 mA/V
2

RTH = R1 R2 = 166 234 = 97.11 k

So
RTH
A = g m (R D R L )
RTH + Ri

97.11
= (2.214 )(4 20 )

97
.11 + 10

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
or
A = 6.69

)]

)]

(b) C M = C gd 1 + g m RD RL = 20 1 + (2.214) 4 20 = 167.6 fF

(c)

f 3dB =

gm
2.214 10
=
2 C gs + C M
2 (100 + 167.6) 10 15

or
f 3 dB = 1.32 GHz
______________________________________________________________________________________

EX7.13
dc analysis
VTH = 0, RTH = 10 k
I BQ =

0 0.7 ( 5 )

10 + (126 )( 5 )

= 0.00672 mA

I CQ = 0.840 mA
r =
gm =
r0 =

VT
I CQ
I CQ
VT

=
=

(125)( 0.026 )
0.840

= 3.87 k

0.840
= 32.3 mA/V
0.026

VA
200
=
= 238 k
I CQ 0.84

High-frequency equivalent circuit

a.
Miller Capacitance
C M = C (1 + g m R L )

R L = ro RC R L = 238 2.3 5 = 1.565 k

C M = (3)[1 + (32.3)(1.565)] C M = 155 pF

b.

Req = R S R B r = R S R1 R 2 r
= 1 20 20 3.87 = 0.736 k

p = R eq (C + C M ) = (0.736 10 3 )(24 + 155) 10 12

fH

= 1.314 10 7 s
1
=
f H = 1.21 MHz
2 1.314 10 7

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
c.

or

( A )M

10 3.87
R B r
= g m R L

= (32.3)(1.565)
10 3.87 + 1
R B r + R S

( A )M

= 37.2

______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.14
The dc analysis
10 0.7
= 0.00838 mA
I BQ =
100 + (101)(10 )
I CQ = 0.838 mA
r =
gm =

VT
I CQ

(100 )( 0.026 )
0.838

= 3.10 k

I CQ

= 32.22 mA/V
VT
For the input

r
3.10

3
12
p = R E R S C =
10 1 10 24 10
1
101

= 7.13 10 10 s
1
1
f H =
=
f H = 223 MHz
2 p
2 7.13 10 10
For the output
p = (RC R L )C = (10 1) 10 3 3 10 12

f H

= 2.73 10 9 s
1
1
=
=
f H = 58.4 MHz
2 p 2 2.73 10 9

( A )M

R E
1+

= g m (RC R L )
R r + R
S
E 1 +

3.1

10
101

(
)
= (32.22) 10 1
( A ) M = 0.870
3.1
10

+
1

101
______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
EX7.15

R3
7.92

VB1 =
(12 ) =
(12 ) = 0.9502 V
+
+
+
+
R
R
R
58.8
33.3
7.92

2
3
1
Neglecting base currents
0.9502 0.7
= 0.50 mA
IC =
0.5
VT (100 )( 0.026 )
=
= 5.2 K
r =
0.5
IC
IC
0.5
=
= 19.23 mA/V
VT 0.026
From Eq (7.119(a)),
p = R S R B1 r (C 1 + C M 1 )
gm =

R B1 = R2 R3 = 33.3 7.92 = 6.398 k

C M 1 = 2C 1 = 6 pF

Then
p = 1 6.398 5.2 10 3 (24 + 6 ) 10 12 p = 22.24 ns

f H =

1
2 p

1
f H = 7.15 MHz
2 22.24 10 9

From Eq (7.120(a)),
p = (RC R L )C 2 = (7.5 2 ) 10 3 3 10 12 p = 4.737 ns
f H =

1
2 p

1
f H = 33.6 MHz
2 4.737 10 9

From Eq. (7.125),

R B1 r 1
6.40 5.2
= g m 2 (RC R L )
= (19.23)(7.5 2)

R B1 r 1 + R S
6.40 5.2 + 1
= 22.5

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

Test Your Understanding Solutions

TYU7.1
a.

V0 = ( gmV ) RL
r
V =
Vi
1
r +
+ RS
sCC

T (s) =
=

V0 ( s )
Vi ( s )

gm r RL
r + RS + (1 / sCC )

gm r RL ( sCC )

1 + s ( r + RS ) CC

gm r =
T (s) =

RL
r + RS

s ( r + RS ) CC

1 + s (r + R ) C
S
C

Then = ( r + RS ) CC

b.
f3 dB =

1
2 ( r + RS ) CC

1
f3 dB = 53.1 Hz
2 2 10 3 + 1 10 3 10 6
( 2 )( 50 )( 4 )
rg R
T ( j ) max = m L =
2 +1
r + RS
f3 dB =

T ( j ) max = 133

c.

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.2
(a) = RL C L = 10 10 3 2 10 12 0.02 s
1
1
=
7.96 MHz
(b) f 3 dB =
2 2 0.02 10 6

)(

r
2.4
(g m R L ) =
(50)(10 ) = 480
r + RS
2.4 + 0.1
______________________________________________________________________________________
A

max

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.3
(a) S = (RS + r )CC = (0.1 + 2.4) 10 3 5 10 6 12.5 ms

P = RL C L = (10 10 )(4 10
3

12

) 0.04 s

r
2.4
(g m RL ) =
(b) A =
(50 )(10 ) = 480
2.4 + 0.1
r + RS
1
1
=
= 12.7 Hz
(c) f L =
2 S 2 12.5 10 3
1
1
fH =
=
3.98 MHz
2 P 2 0.04 10 6
______________________________________________________________________________________

TYU7.4 Computer Analysis

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.5 Computer Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.6

r =

(120)(0.026) = 26 k

0.12
1
1
f =
(C + C ) =
2 r (C + C )
2 r f

or

C + C =

1
0.408 pF
2 26 10 3 15 10 6

)(

Then
C = 0.408 0.08 = 0.328 pF
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.7
h fe =

o
2

= tan 1

1+
f

f = 167 MHz ; o = 120

Then
(a) For f = 150 MHz; h fe =

120

= 89.3
2
150
1+

167
150
= tan 1
= 41.9
167
120
For f = 500 MHz; h fe =
= 38.0
2
500

1+

167

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

500
= 71.5
167
120
h fe =
= 5.0
For f = 4 GHz;
2
4000
1+

167
4000
= tan 1
= 87.6
167
______________________________________________________________________________________

= tan 1

TYU7.8

(a)

10 9
f = 6.67 MHz
o 150
1
1
f =
C + C =
2 r C + C
2 r f

f =

fT

) (

or

(C

+ C ) =

1
1.989 pF
2 12 10 6.667 10 6

)(

Then
C = 1.989 0.15 = 1.84 pF

(b) r =

VT
I CQ

I CQ =

VT
r

(150 )(0.026 ) = 0.325 mA

12

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.9
(a)

gm = 2 K n (VGS VTN ) = 2 ( 0.4 )( 3 1) gm = 1.6 mA/V

gm = 80% of gm = 1.28 mA/V
gm =

gm
1 + gm rS

1 + gm rS =

gm
gm

1 1.6
1 gm

1 =
1

gm gm
1.6 1.28
rS = 0.156 k rS = 156 ohms
rS =

(b)

gm = 2 K n (VGS VTN ) = 2 ( 0.4 )( 5 1) gm = 3.2 mA/V

gm
3.2
gm =
=
= 2.134
1 + gm rS 1 + ( 3.2 )( 0.156 )
gm 3.2 2.134
=
A 33.3% reduction
3.2
gm

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.10
0.1
gm = 2
(15)(0.1) = 0.5477 mA/V
2
gm
gm
fT =
C gs + C gsp + C gdp =
2 C gs + C gsp + C gdp
2 f T

) (

(0.5477 10 ) 72.64 fF
2 (1.2 10 )
3

Then
C gs = 72.64 3 3 = 66.6 fF

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.11
fT =

) (

gm
gm
C gs + C gsp + C gdp =
2 C gs + C gsp + C gdp
2 f T

1.2 10 3
76.39 fF
2 2.5 10 9

C gsp + C gdp = 76.39 60 = 16.39

or
C gsp = C gdp = 8.2 fF

______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.12
dc analysis
50
VG =
(10 ) 5 = 2.5
50 + 150
VS ( 5 )
VS = VG VGS . I D =
RS

K n (VGS VTN ) =
2

VG VGS + 5
RS

(1)( 2 ) VGS2 1.6VGS + 0.64 = 2.5 VGS + 5

2VGS2 2.2VGS 1.22 = 0
VGS =

2.2

( 2.2 )

+ 4 ( 2 )(1.22 )

2 (2)

VGS = 1.505 V

gm = 2K n (VGS VTN ) = 2 (1)(1.505 0.8 )

= 1.41 mA/V

Equivalent circuit

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 7
By D. A. Neamen
Exercise Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(a)
(b)

C M = C gd (1 + gm RD ) = ( 0.2 ) 1 + (1.42 )( 5 ) C M = 1.61 pF

P = (Ri RG )(C gs + C M )

= 20 50 150 10 3 (2 + 1.61) 10 12 = 4.71 10 8 s

fH =

( Av )M

1
2 P

1
f H = 3.38 MHz
2 4.71 10 8

RG
= gm RD

RG + RS
37.5
= (1.41)( 5 )
( Av ) M = 4.60
37.5 + 20

( Av )M
c.
______________________________________________________________________________________
TYU7.13 Computer Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________