PRACTICAL FILE OF INSTRUMENTATION

COMPUTATIONAL LABORATORY

SUBMITTED BY:
AMAN PRAKASH
ROLL NO. 112508
BATCH- 2011

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL TEACHERS

TRAINING AND RESEARCH ,CHANDIGARH 160019

INTRODUCTION:

Single Phase Full Bridge Invertrer Using

IGBT.

1.1CircuitModelingUsingSimulink
A single phase full wave bridge INVERTER employing IGBTs and DIODEs is

shown in Simulink Model fig 1. When one branch is positive with respect to another,
the diagonal IGBTs and DIODEs conducts and in the negative half the remaining
IGBTs and DIODEs conducts and thus the full wave appears at the output.

Fig1.Simulink Model For sinle Phase Full Bridge Inverter

1.2GatheringBlocks
Once a blank untitled Simulink model window is opened for creating a new model, the
required blocks for creating model are dragged and dropped from Simulink library
Browese window. The block set icon can be expanded by clicking on + sign before its
name .The required block is selected by clicking over it. The selected block is then
dragged with the mouse and placed in the model window. The required blocks are
selected one by one and brought to the model window. The locations of desired blocks
in the block set for the particular problem are given in the table 1.The model window
with the different blocks dragged into it is shown in fig 2.

Fig 2.Block dragged and placed in the model window.

Table 1 : Required blocks and their location in simulink library

SrNo.

Blockname

Blocksetlocationinthe
Simulinklibrarybrowser

DCvoltagesource

Simpower/ElectricalSources

Resistance

Simpower/Elements

IGBT

Simpower/PowerElectronics

Voltagemeasurement

Simpower/Measurement

Scope

Simulink/Sink

PulseGenerator

Simulink/sources

FromandGoto

Simulink/commonlyused
block

1.3SimulinkModel
Running a Simulink model is a two step process. First Simulation parameters such as

the solver used to solve the model; the start and stop time for the simulation; the
maximum step size etc. are specified. Then the simulation is started.The simulation can
be paused or stopped while it running.
1.3.1StartingaSimulation
Once model is completed, its simulation can be stored by:
Selecting Start Simulation from simulation menu to run the simulation.
Clicking an

run icon on the tool bar

Make sure that the model window is the active window before starting a simulation.
Simulink starts the simulation at the start time specified and continues till the
simulation reaches the final time step specified in the solver option. Completion of
simulation will be indicated by a beeping sound. Progress of the simulation is shown at
the bottom of the model window.
1.3.2ViewingOutput
Here are following steps to view the output:
1) Set the pulse width of pulse Generator from model window.

Fig3.Set

the Pulse width of Pulse generator.

2) To view the output of the model, double click on scope block. If you not set the
icon to view the output
scope parameter of scope then Click on the autoscale
response as shown in the fig 4.
And in fig. 4 We can Se The Graph between voltage and current.Yyou will say that
This type of Inverters are works in all QUADRANT.

Fig4.TheResponseOfTheModelOnScopeandGraphbetweenOutputvoltage(Vo)and
Outputcurrent(Io).

INTRODUCTION:

Sinle Phase A.C. Voltage Controller Wirh R-LOAD

2.1Circuit Modeling Using Simulink

Fig 1. Simulink Model ForSinle Phase A.C. Voltage Controller Wirh RLOAD

AC voltage controller are thyristor based devices which convert fixed alternating Voltage
directly to variable alternating voltage without a change in frequency.
When thyristor T2 is triggred at t=o,2pi,4pi,....it gets turned on and load voltage
Vo is equal to source voltage Vs.At t=pi,3pi,5pi,.......,as source voltage tends to become
negative,T2 is turned off as load current,io is Zero.

2.2GatheringBlocks
Once a blank untitled Simulink model window is opened for creating a new model, the
required blocks for creating model are dragged and dropped from Simulink library
window. The block set icon can be expanded by clicking on + sign before its name
.The required block is selected by clicking over it. The selected block is then dragged
with the mouse and placed in the model window. The required blocks are selected one
by one and brought to the model window. The locations of desired blocks in the block
set for the particular problem are given in the table 1.The model window with the
different blocks dragged into it is shown in fig 2.


Fig2.Block dragged and placed in the model window.

Table1 Required blocks and their location in simulink

Srno

BlockName

PulseGenerator

Blocksetlocationinthe
Simulinklibrarybrowser
Simulink/sources

a.cvoltagesource

Simpower/Electricalsource

Thyristor

Simpower/PowerElectronics

Resistor

Simpower/Elements

Volttagemeasurement

Simpower/Measurement

Scope

Sink

2.3SIMULATING A MODEL
Running a Simulink model is a two step process. First Simulation parameters such as

the solver used to solve the model; the start and stop time for the simulation; the
maximum step size etc. are specified. Then the simulation is started.The simulation can
be paused or stopped while it running.

2.3.1StartingaSimulation
Once model is completed, its simulation can be stored by:
Selecting Start Simulation from simulation menu to run the simulation.
Clicking an

run icon on the tool bar

Pressing ctrl-T key on the keyboard

Make sure that the model window is the active window before starting a simulation.
Simulink starts the simulation at the start time specified and continues till the
simulation reaches the final time step specified in the solver option. Completion of
simulation will be indicated by a beeping sound. Progress of the simulation is shown at
the bottom of the model window.
2.3.2ViewingOutput

Here are following steps to view the output:

1) Set the firing angle for thyristor of pulse Generator from model window.
2)To

view the output of the model, double click on scope block. If you not set
the scope parameter of scope then Click on the autoscale
icon to view the output
response as shown in the fig 4. And fig 5.


Fig3.Set

the Firing angle of 30 degree of Pulse generator.

Fig 4. The Response Of The Model On Scope(Firing Angle =30 degree)


Fig3.Set

the Firing angle of 60 degree of Pulse generator.

Fig 5. The Response Of The Model On Scope(Firing Angle =60 degree)

. INTRODUCTION:

SPEED CONTROL OF ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

B Y U S I N G V A R Y I N G THE P U L S E O F P U L S E G E N E R A T O R.

3.1Circuit Modeling Using Simulink

Fig 1. Simulink Model For Speed control of asynchronous motor

In this ,we will control the speed of asynchronous motor by varying the size of
duty cycle of pulse generator.
If we open the subsystem we will see the circuit ,in which involves the AC
source,rectifier,inverter and then connect the motor,wehch is controlled by duty
cycle of Pulse generator. And Further wou will see that how the controls the
speed of this motor by varying in duty cycle of Pulse generator.

Fig 2.Subsytm for speed control of asynchronous motor Block

3.2Gathering Blocks

Once a blank untitled Simulink model window is opened for creating a new model, the
required blocks for creating model are dragged and dropped from Simulink library
window. The block set icon can be expanded by clicking on + sign before its name
.The required block is selected by clicking over it. The selected block is then dragged
with the mouse and placed in the model window. The required blocks are selected one
by one and brought to the model window. The locations of desired blocks in the block
set for the particular problem are given in the table 1.The model window with the
different blocks dragged into it is shown in fig 2.

Fig 2.Block dragged and placed in the model window.

Table1Requiredblocksandtheirlocationinsimulinklibrary
SrNo.

Blockname

a.cvoltagesource

SinglephaseAsynchronous
motor
IGBT

Simpowersysytem/Machine

Voltagemeasurementand
currentmeasuement
Scope

Simpower/Measurement

GotoandFrom

Simulink

3
4
5

Blocksetlocationinthe
Simulinklibrarybrowser
Simpower/ElectricalSources

Simpower/PowerElectronics

Simulink/Sink

3.3SIMULATINGAMODEL
Running a Simulink model is a two step process. First Simulation parameters such as

the solver used to solve the model; the start and stop time for the simulation; the
maximum step size etc. are specified. Then the simulation is started. The simulation can
be paused or stopped while it running.

3.3.1StartingaSimulation
Once model is completed, its simulation can be stored by:
Selecting Start Simulation from simulation menu to run the simulation.
Clicking an

run icon on the tool bar

Pressing ctrl-T key on the keyboard

Make sure that the model window is the active window before starting a simulation.
Simulink starts the simulation at the start time specified and continues till the
simulation reaches the final time step specified in the solver option. Completion of
simulation will be indicated by a beeping sound. Progress of the simulation is shown at
the bottom of the model window.

3.3.2ViewingOutput
Here are following steps to view the output:
1) Set the pulse width of pulse Generator from model window.

Fig3.Set

the Duty Cycle (90 %) of pulse generator by double click on subsystem

Fig3.Set

the Duty Cycle of 90% and then 20% of pulse generator by double click on
subsystem

4.

INTRODUCTION:

F I R S T Q A D R A N T O R T Y P E "" A "" C H O P P E R

4.1Circuit Modeling Using Simulink

Fig 1. Simulink Model First Quadrant or Type A Chopper

This type of choppers are works in First Quadrant.A chopper is a static device
that converts fixed dc input voltage to a variable DC output voltage.
Chopper is represented by a switch(Ideal switch) ,which may be turned on
and off as desired.d,During the period of Ton,chopper is on and load
voltage is equal to source voltage,Vs. During the interval of Toff,Chopper is
off ,load current flows through the freewheeling diode,then load volage is
zero.
During Ton
-(chopping period) T=Ton+Toff,...................................................................1)
duty cycle=(Ton/T) , ...................................................................................2)
Vo = (Ton/Ton+Toff) = (Ton/T)*Vs = (duty cycle*Vs) , ..........................3)
Vo=f*Ton*Vs......f=(1/T) ..............................................................................4)
f = chopping frequency

4.2Gathering Blocks

Once a blank untitled Simulink model window is opened for creating a new model, the
required blocks for creating model are dragged and dropped from Simulink library
window. The block set icon can be expanded by clicking on + sign before its name
.The required block is selected by clicking over it. The selected block is then dragged
with the mouse and placed in the model window. The required blocks are selected one
by one and brought to the model window. The locations of desired blocks in the block
set for the particular problem are given in the table 1.The model window with the
different blocks dragged into it is shown in fig 2.

Fig 2.Block dragged and placed in the model window.

Table 1 Required blocks and their location in simulink library

SrNo.
1
2
3
4
5

Block name

Block set location in the Simulink library

browser
D.C. voltage source
Simpower/Electrical Sources
Ideal Switch
Simpower sysytem/Power electronics
IGBT
Simpower/Power Electronics
Voltage measurement and Simpower/Measurement
current measuement
Scope
Simulink/Sink
Goto and From

Simulink

4.3SIMULATINGAMODEL
Running

a Simulink model is a two step process. First Simulation parameters such as

the solver used to solve the model; the start and stop time for the simulation; the
maximum step size etc. are specified. Then the simulation is started. The simulation can
be paused or stopped while it running.

4.3.1StartingaSimulation
Once model is completed, its simulation can be stored by:
Selecting Start Simulation from simulation menu to run the simulation.
Clicking an

run icon on the tool bar

Pressing ctrl-T key on the keyboard

Make sure that the model window is the active window before starting a simulation.
Simulink starts the simulation at the start time specified and continues till the
simulation reaches the final time step specified in the solver option. Completion of
simulation will be indicated by a beeping sound. Progress of the simulation is shown at
the bottom of the model window.

4.3.2ViewingOutput
Here are following steps to view the output:
1) Set the pulse width of pulse Generator from model window.
2)To

view the output of the model, double click on scope block. If you not set the
icon to view the
scope parameter of scope then Click on the autoscale
outputresponse as shown in the fig 4.

Fig3.Set

the Duty Cycle (70 %) and show the output of XY graph and Scope.

Fig4.Set

the Duty Cycle (70 %) and show the output of XY graph and Scope.

5.

INTRODUCTION

SINGLE PHASE HALF WAVE CONVERTER DRIVE

5.1Circuit Modeling Using Simulink

Fig 1. Simulink Model 0f First sinle phase half wave converter bridge.
A separately-excited d.c. motor,fed through a single Phase half-wave semiconverter in
order to reduce the ripple content in the field circuit .
Vo=Vt=(Vm/2pi)*(1+cos(alpha))............0<alpha<pi

Vm = maximum value of source voltage.

5.2Gathering Blocks

Once a blank untitled Simulink model window is opened for creating a new model, the
required blocks for creating model are dragged and dropped from Simulink library
window. The block set icon can be expanded by clicking on + sign before its name
.The required block is selected by clicking over it. The selected block is then dragged
with the mouse and placed in the model window. The required blocks are selected one
by one and brought to the model window. The locations of desired blocks in the block
set for the particular problem are given in the table 1.The model window with the
different blocks dragged into it is shown in fig 2.

Fig 2.Block dragged and placed in the model window.


Table 1 Required blocks and their location in simulink library
SrNo.
1
2
3
4
5

Block name

Block set location in the Simulink library

browser
A . C . voltage source
Simpower/Electrical Sources
Diode
Simpower sysytem/Power electronics
Thyristor
Simpower/Power Electronics
Voltage measurement and Simpower/Measurement
current measuement
Scope
Simulink/Sink

Goto and From

D.C. Machine

Simulink
Simpower system/machines

5.3.1StartingaSimulation
Once model is completed, its simulation can be stored by:
Selecting Start Simulation from simulation menu to run the simulation.
Clicking an

run icon on the tool bar

Pressing ctrl-T key on the keyboard

Make sure that the model window is the active window before starting a simulation.
Simulink starts the simulation at the start time specified and continues till the
simulation reaches the final time step specified in the solver option. Completion of
simulation will be indicated by a beeping sound. Progress of the simulation is shown at
the bottom of the model window.

5.3.2ViewingOutput
Here are following steps to view the output:
2) Set the Firing angle of pulse Generator from model window.
2)To

view the output of the model, double click on scope block. If you not set the
icon to view the
scope parameter of scope then Click on the autoscale
outputresponse as shown in the fig 3.

Fig 5. The Response Of The Model On Scope(Firing Angle =60 degree)