Intro to Biotechnology

Carlo B. Galicia

1. How does RNA differ from DNA?

RNA contains ribose as the sugar while DNA has deoxyribose. RNA is a single strand
molecule, while DNA is a double-helix. RNA has the base pairs cytosine, guanine,
adenine and uracil (DNA has thymine instead of uracil).
2. Is a gene the same as a DNA molecule?
No. A gene is a section of the entire DNA molecule.
3. How are genes transferred between parent and offspring organisms?
Genes are transferred from parent to offspring via DNA replication.
4. How does the replication of the DNA molecule take place?

5. Describe the stages of protein synthesis.

6. Describe the different types of RNA.

The three types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA) and rRNA
(ribosomal RNA). Messenger RNA (mRNA) provides a copy of the DNA inside the
nucleus as it goes to the ribosome for the protein synthesis process. Ribosomal RNA
in the ribosomes attaches to the mRNA where the tRNA attaches peptides
corresponding to the codons in the mRNA to form a protein chain.