Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Coding-Decoding
Coding is a system of signals. This is a method of transmitting information in
the form of codes or signals without it being known by a third person. The
person who transmits the code or signal, is called the sender and the person
who receives it, is called the receiver. Transmitted codes or signals are decoded
on the other side by the receiverthis is known as decoding.
In questions on codes, a word (basic word) is coded in a particular way and the candidates are
asked to code other words in the same way. The coding and decoding tests are set up to judge
the candidates ability to decipher the rule that has been followed to code a particular
word/message and break the code to decipher the message.
1. By using EJOTY, CFILORUX and DHLPTX formulae, we can easily remember the
position of letters of English Alphabet.
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
4 8 12 16 20 24
C F I L O R U X
D H L P T X
Illustration 1
(1) 10
(5) 45
5 10 15 20 25
E J O T Y
(3) 30
(4) 40
Verbal
11 9 20 5
K I T E 11 + 9 + 20 + 5 = 45
V Q L G B , W S O K G C X U R O L I F C
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Illustration 2
(1) 69
(4) 90
Solution
4 8 12 16 20 24
5 10 15 20 25
(2) 70
(5) 95
(3) 75
5 18 24 22
=5 + 18 + 24 + 22 = 69
3. If the sum of two letters is 27, then both letters are opposite of each other.
In a certain code, LAKE is written as OZPV. How will BACK be written
in that same code?
Illustration 3
(1) ZYXP
(4) YZPX
(2) ZYPX
(5) XPZY
Solution (3) As
12
L
1 11 5
A K E
(3) YZXP
15 26 16 22
O Z P V
12 + 15 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
11 + 16 = 27
5 + 22 = 27
Similarly,
2
B
1
A
3 11
C K
25
26 24 16
Z X P
2 + 25 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27
(1) 10
(5) 35
(2) 20
Solution (2)
(3) 25
27 -G (from left) = 27 - 7 - 20
(4) 30
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 5
l
Types of Questions
Following are the categories/types of questions which are generally asked in various
competitive examinations.
I T N I E T A M
CQVVTDS
CQPVTDS
CQPUTDS
CQVPPDS
None of the above
B C
I H
-1
R Q
C D
+1
O P
T S
-1
W V
U V
+1
S T
R Q
-1
E D
+1
R S
P Q Similarly,
E F
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
(2) INVERTIBARTE
(4) INVERTIBRATE
I N T I M A T E
Similarly,
T
I
R
N
E
V
V
E
N
R
I
T
E
I
T
B
A
R
R
A
B
T
I
E
Illustration 7 In a certain code language,
(2) KISD
(4) SIKD
G
I
V
E
V
I
E
G
and
O
V
E
R
E
V
R
O
Similarly,
D
I
S
K
Verbal
S
I
K
D
MAGICAL TIPS
Tip 1
Tip 2
(2) HRZP
(3) HRXP
(5) None of these
Solution (3) As
2 + 25 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
20 + 7 = 27
Similarly,
S
H R
19 + 8 = 27
9 + 18 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27
Similarly,
(2) RPFTJ
(4) TSFGJ
S L and
T B
A F
R M
K G
B
L
A
M
E
M
O
B
I
L
E
T
N
R
S
P
J
R
P
F
T
J
In a coding system,
SHEEP is written as GAXXR and
BLEAT as HPXTN. How can SLATE
be written in that same coding
system?
Illustration 10
(1) GPTNX
(4) PTGXN
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 7
l
Similarly,
S
L
A
T
E
G
P
T
N
X
4-12-9-16,
WOMAN?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
WORK is coded as
then how will you code
4-12-14-26-13
4-26-14-13-12
23-12-26-14-13
23-15-13-1-14
None of the above
W
O
R
K
4
12
9
16
Hence, W
O
M
A
N
4
12
14
26
13
RAJU is coded as
11-12-13-14 and JUNK is coded as
13-14-10-9, then how will you code RANK?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
9-10-11-12
10-11-12-9
11-12-10-9
12-11-10-9
None of the above
R 11 and J 13
A 12
U 14
J 13
N 10
U 14
K 9
Similarly,
R 11
A 12
N 10
K 9
Here, each letter is assigned a specific value.
(Illustrations
14-16) Study
the
following letters and their corresponding digit
codes following by certain conditions of coding
and then answer the questions given below
them by finding out which of the digit
combinations given in (1), (2), (3) and (4) is the
coded form of the letter-groups given in each
question and mark your answer accordingly.
Directions
Conditions
(i) If both the first and the last letters in the group
are vowels, both should be coded as $.
(ii) If both the first and the last letters in the group
are consonants, both should be coded as #.
Illustration 13 KUNAJB
(1) 803917
(4) #0391$
(2) $0391$
(3) #0391#
(5) None of these
Verbal
Illustration 14 RBUKAE
(1) #70892
(3) 670982
(5) None of these
(2) 670892
(4) 607892
Illustration 15 EBNAPI
(1) 273954
(2) $7395$
(3) #7395#
(4) $7395#
(5) None of these
14. (2) R B U K A
6 7 0 8 9
15. (2) From condition (i),
E B N A P
$ 7 3 9 5
2
I
(2) pit
(3) sit
(5) None of these
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
8
6
7
Cannot be determined
None of the above
7 8 6
study
very
hard
...(i)
9 5 8
hard
work pays
...(ii)
6 4 5
study
and
...(iii)
work
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 9
l
(2) Green
(4) Violet
Illustration 19 If
Parrot is known as
Peacock, Peacock is known as Swallow,
Swallow is known as Pigeon and Pigeon is
known as Sparrow, then what would be the
name of Indian National Bird?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Parrot
Swallow
Peacock
Pigeon
Sparrow
Solution
Let us Practice
A. Base Level Exercise
1. If FISH is written as EHRG in a certain
code, then how would JUNGLE be written
in that same code?
(1) ITMFKD
(3) KVOHMF
(5) None of these
(2) ITNFKD
(4) TIMFKD
(2) APX
(4) CPZ
(2) TTPSSPX
(4) TPSSSX
(2) TIXAR
(4) RAXIT
(2) CLEMNK
(3) HCPFQK
(5) None of these
REHCEAT
REHCAET
REHCTEA
AHRCTEA
None of the above
10
Verbal
(1) #@%@#
(3) %#@f%
(5) None of these
(2) #@#f@
(4) #@%f@
(2) RFKENM
(4) TFKENP
(2) SNOITCEFERP
(4) SNOITCEFREP
(2) 5978213
(4) 8543691
(2) UDEAPTIT
(4) DAUEPTIT
(2) UFNB
(4) BNDS
EROSYM
SYMROE
SYMEOR
SMYERP
SYMERO
(2) HQFZUMFRT
(4) FSDBSODTR
(2) FAMOUS
(4) FAMOTH
(2) AMNTOMUIIN
(4) NMMUNITIOA
FJIVWVIR
VJIFWTRV
WVJRIFVI
IVJFRIVW
(2) JOHKBT
(4) BFTKJOH
(2) DSJEM
(4) DTKFM
BFUTFMHL
TUFBFMHL
BFUTLHMF
BFUTHOJN
None of the above
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 11
l
(2) MOUNULER
(4) URNFULMO
(1) IDUJLAIC
(3) UJIDICLA
(5) None of these
(2) UJIDLAIC
(4) IDUJICLA
(2) AUUCOSLMM
(4) SLUEOAUMM
(2) 6
(3) 9
(4) 8
(2) VKIDR
(3) VJIDR
(5) None of these
(2) LANOITAN
(4) LNOINTAA
(2) OLGFH
(4) OLGHF
(2) VMSHR
(4) MVRSH
(2) DXBSG
(3) DXATF
(5) None of these
(2) FPSMN
(3) FQSMN
(5) None of these
(2) FGBUXJK
(4) BGFXJK
(2) MPNSL
(3) MSMPL
(5) None of these
(2) ACBS
(3) AZSC
(4) AZQS
(2) SIRNCE
(4) None of these
12
Verbal
(2) JFQYWBCXQL
(4) QCLYWBFXJE
38. OVER
(1) MWED (2) MWEO (3) MWOE (4) MWZO
39. DEADLY
(1) XECXEI
(2) XEEXCI
(3) XECXFI
(4) XENXFI
40. REWARD
(1) OEDCOU (2) OEDCOX (3) OEDNXE (4) OTDCOX
41. GREAT
(1) BOECN (2) BOENC (3) BOEHC (4) BOEQN
(2) QOHB
(3) XONY
(4) MONZ
(2) MWEO
(4) MWZO
(2) LBNKF
(4) LNBKF
(2) 13-7-20-9-11-25
(4) 13-7-20-10-11-25
(2) 7
(3) 4
(5) None of these
(2) 7914
(3) 7319
(5) None of these
(2) 8
(3) 1
(5) None of these
(2) 3149
(4) 2479
(2) fast
(4) good
(2) VINSK
(4) XGPQM
(2) 3152181
(4) 1182153
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 13
l
(2) RTODQLD
(4) RTOQDLD
(2) 3
(3) 8
(4) 9
(2) 693
(3) 936
(4) 963
(2) 2, 15, 9, 12
(4) 5, 29,19, 27
(1) %653
(4) %@53
(2) %@63
(3) %5@3
(5) None of these
(2) 3@%5
(3) 3#%5
(5) None of these
(2) 8312436
(4) 8312346
(2) 24
(4) 15
1. 562183
(1) PAVMRP
(4) DAVMRP
Conditions
(i) If the first as well as the last digits are even,
both are to the coded by the code for the
first digit.
(2) DAVMRD
(3) PAVMRD
(5) None of these
2. 627851
(1) PULRDM
(4) ABLRDM
(2) AVLDRM
(3) AVLFDM
(5) None of these
14
Verbal
3. 812354
(1) RLVPDF
(3) RMVPDR
10. 591426
(2) FMVPDF
(4) None of these
4. 397416
(1) PBLFMP
(4) PBDFMA
(2) ABLFMA
(3) PVLFMA
(5) None of these
(1) @RA%P
(3) @AR%P
(5) None of these
(2) PRA%@
(4) $RA%
5. 734192
(1) DPFMBV
(4) LPFMBV
(2) LPAMBV
(3) LPFMVB
(5) None of these
Conditions
(i) If the first digit is odd and the last digit is
even, the codes for the first and last digits
are to be reversed.
(ii) If the first and the last digits are even, both
are to be coded as .
(iii) If the first and the last digits are odd, both
are to be coded as $.
6. 215349
(1) RAPK%
(4) APK%R
7. 671254
(1) @MAP%
(4) %MAP
(2) $MAP$
(3) MAP
(5) None of these
8. 813469
(1) RAK%@D
(4) AK%@
9. 794821
(1) MR%DA
(3) M%RDA
(5) None of these
(2) AR%DM
(4) $R%D $
(2) systems
(3) officer
(5) None of these
(2) tp na
(5) ss at
(3) na at
(2) bk at or mu
(4) at mu ss or
(2) or
(3) at
(5) None of these
(2) sul, lo
(4) ba, lo
(2) oka
(3) meta
(4) dona
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 15
l
(2) to
(5) pe or to
(3) me
Conditions
(i) If the first unit in the group is an even digit and
the last unit is a symbol, both these are to be
coded as the code for the symbol.
(ii) If the first unit in the group is an odd digit and
the last unit is an even digit their codes are to be
interchanged.
(iii) If both the first and the last units in the group
are symbols, both these are to be coded as X.
(1) EFRIVJ
(4) XFRIVX
(2) JFRIVE
(3) EFRIVE
(5) None of these
(2) 2
(2) PEFHRP
(3) XEFHRX
(5) None of these
(3) 3
(4) 4
(2) 8
(3) 2
(4) 3
(1) 3%41
(4) 3#4%1
(2) 3%41
(3) 3%#41
(5) None of these
(3) 8b
(4) 9a
19. @91#26
(1) JEFHRP
(4) PEFHRJ
23. 9124d6
(2) Lotus
(5) Sunflower
(3) Rose
20. 387@9
(1) KMDTAE
(3) EDMTAK
(5) None of these
(2) KDMATE
(4) KDMTAE
(2) VPKFRI
(3) XPKFRX
(5) None of these
22. %4187
(1) QIFDMU
(3) XIFDMX
(5) None of these
21. 4@312d
(1) VPKFRV
(4) IPKFRV
(2) UNIFDMQ
(4) UIFDMU
>= <
(1) 63181 (2) 68731 (3) 62781 (4) 63118
16
(1) Light
(3) Sky
Verbal
(2) Air
(4) Water
(2) Snakes
(4) Hunters
(2) Saucer
(4) Spoon
(2) Butter
(5) Ink
(3) Orange
ANIMAL WORLD
ANIMAL LESS WORLD
WORLD OF ANIMALS
ANIMALS WORLD
(2) 86254
(4) 86245
(2) 102708
(4) 102780
(2) 6
(4) 3
(1) BAIUMM
(3) IABMUM
(2) MUMIAB
(4) MBIAUM
6,
6,
8,
8,
18, 1, 14, 3,
3, 18, 14, 1,
2, 14, 5, 13,
16, 14, 3, 1,
5
5
6
5
+5
C
H
+6
I H
-1
U T
-1
S R
-1
N M
-1
+7
L
-1
G F
6. (2) As B
R
O
W
S
E
R
R
E
S
W
O
R
B
H G
-1
-1
L K
-1
E D
-1
-1
2. (2) As G
F Similarly, B A
+5
Q
+6
K
Similarly,
T
E
A
C
H
E
R
R
E
H
C
A
E
T
+1
I
J
+1
O
P
+1
R
S
Y X
-1
-1
L K
+1
+1
3. (5) As H
I Similarly, S
T
+1
A
B
+1
O
P
+1
P
Q
+1
R
S
+1
P
Q
+1
R
S
+1
Y
Z
+1
O
P
Then,
-1
-1
8. (3) As B
A Similarly, S R
+1
W X
+2
+3
U
+3
M
P
+4
A
E
C
+4
F
P E AC E
# @%f @
+1
E
F
+1
E
F
L K
-1
L K
I K
+2
D F
E D
-1
O N
+2
M O
F H
9. (4) As
I
N
S
T
I
T
U
T
I
O
N
-1
+2
-1
+2
N Similarly, P
O
E
I
R
T
F
U
E
T
C
I
T
T
I
S
O
N
N
I
S
S
N
O
I
T
C
E
F
R
E
P
18
Verbal
+1
+1
15. (2) As P
Q Similarly, F
G
10. (3) If D E L H I
7 3 5 4 1
and C A L C U T T A
8 2 5 8 9 6 6 2
Then, C A L I C U T
8 2 5 1 8 9 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
12. (3) If T E R M I N A L
NS F UMBO J
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1
TOWE R S
XP U T S F
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1
Then, M A T E
17. (4) As
+1 +1 +1 +1
V
A
K
I
R
E
Similarly, M
Y
S
O
R
E
+1
+1
14. (2) As G
H Similarly, G
H
O
O
D
N
E
-1
N
+1
P
-1
C
+1
O
-1
D
+1
S
T
-1
S R
+1
M
N
+1
U
V
+1
O
P
+1
L
M
+1
U
V
+1
A
B
+1
S
T
R
O
T
A
R
E
G
I
R
F
E
R
Similarly, A
M
M
U
N
I
T
I
O
N
N
O
I
T
I
N
U
M
M
A
BNFU
13. (5) As K
A
V
E
R
I
+1
P
Q
16. (3) As R
E
F
R
I
G
E
R
A
T
O
R
6 7 8 1 2 34 5
and
+1
A
B
+1
R
S
6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 34 5 6 7 8
+1
O
P
-1
R Q
+1
E
F
-1
A Z
+1
T
U
-1
N M
+1
E
F
-1
S R
+1
S
T
S
Y
M
E
R
O
and
Hence,
C E R T A I
X V I G Z R
S E Q U E N C
H V J F V M X
R E QU I R E D
I V J F R I V W
M
E
18. (1) As B +1
U
I
-1
L
D
E
R +1
J Similarly, S +1
V
E
C
A
-1
K
L
S
I
F
N
E
G +1
B
F
T
K
H
O
J
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 19
l
+2
19. (3) As S U
+2
Now, GOVERNMENT = 9
+2
\Number of letter = 10 -1 = 9
Similarly, B D
+2
R T
E G
+2
+2
I K
T V
+2
C E
+2
K M
20. (1) As C
U
R +1
A
T
I
V
-1
E
B Similarly, S
S
T
V
E +1
D
A
D
M
U
I
H
N
-1
S
G
B
F
U
T
F
M
H
L
21. (1) As V
E
H
E
M
E
N
T
V Similarly,
E
H
E
T
N
E
M
M
O
U
R
L
U
F
N
22. (5) As C
O
M
P
U
T
R
O
N
E
P Similarly, A
M
D
O
V
C
A
T
N
U
T
E
A
N
G
O
E
R
S
M
O
U
R
N
F
U
L
A
V
D
A
T
N
S
E
G
A
23. (1) As E X E C U T I V E T C I E U X V E E
1 2 3 4 56789 64735 2 81 9
Similarly,
M A U S O L E U M L S E U O A U M M
1 2 3 45 6 7 8 9
6 4 7 3 5 2 8 1 9
24. (3) Given, REASON = 5
BELIEVED = 7
Here, Number of letters 1
+3
+3
O R
U U
+3
H K
I I
S Q
F D
T R
E C
26. (3) As C
A
R
P
E
T
T Similarly, N
C
A
E
T
A
I
P
O
R
N
A
L
L
N
A
A
N
T
O
I
27. (2) As
24 15 12 24 16
X O L X P
3 12 15 3 11
C L O C K
3 + 24 = 27
12 + 15 = 27
15 + 12 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27
Similarly,
12 15 20 21 19
L O T U S
15 12 7 6 8
O L G F H
12 + 15 = 27
15 + 12 = 27
20 + 7 = 27
21 + 6 = 27
19 + 8 = 27
28. (3) As
12
L
1 20 5
A T E
22 7 26 15
V G Z O
5 + 22 = 27
20 + 7 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
12 + 15 = 27
20
Similarly,
19 8 9 14 5
S H I N E
Verbal
22 13 18 19 8
V M R S H
5 + 22 = 27
14 + 13 = 27
9 + 18 = 27
8 + 19 = 27
19 + 8 = 27
+0
Then,
+1
L
D
P
W
+0
+1
F
+0
F
A
+0
Similarly,
T
+1
U
R
+1
Y
+0
Y
E
+0
T N
Similarly,
and
A
N
U
V
I
V P
I L
N S
A M
Y Z
M
S
N
P
L
+2
R T Similarly, C E
T N
31. (1) As P B
A D
R F
E G
N J
T K
33. (1) As A M
N S
U N
and C M
H O
I X
L Q
D U
R F
E G
N J
R F
E G
P B
R F
I X
N J
T K
+2
+2
L N
A C
+2
+2
O Q
I K
+2
+2
N P
U W
+2
36. (1) As P F
R L
I O
N W
C E
E R
Similarly,
S
R
I
N
C
E
and
D F
P F
R L
I O
N W
C E
E R
S S
S S
S
L
O
W
E
R
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 21
l
37. (3) O C
R B
G D
A W
N L
I Q
S J
A W
T Y
I Q
O C
N L
Similarly,
O C
P X
E F
R B
A W
T Y
I Q
O C
N L
and
S
E
P
A
R
A
T
I
O
N
J
F
X
W
B
W
Y
Q
C
L
F Q
I H
R O
E E
B P
A C
C T
K L
W D
A C
R O
D X
S U
M Z
O M
V W
E E
38. (2) O M
V W
E E
R O
and
S V
L F
O M
W D
39. (3) D
E
A
D
L
Y
X
E
C
X
F
I
40. (2) R O
E
W
A
R
D
E
D
C
O
X
41. (1) G
R
E
A
T
B
O
E
C
N
42. (4) Z P
O O
O O
M N
and R Q
O O
A B
D E
Similarly,
N M
O O
M N
P Z
43. (2) F Q
I H
R O
E E
Similarly,
and
O
V
E
R
M Z
O M
V W
E E
M
W
E
O
+6
A 7
+6
C 9
+6
A 7
+6
N 20
22
+6
Verbal
+6
H 14
G 13
I 15
E 11
+6
+6
R 24
N 20
+6
E 11
Code
3
run
very
fast
to
run
away
to
see
+6
+6
Then, W
+1
and
O
R
1
I
+1
S
U
+1
S
1
H
B
1
+1
T
L
+1
L
E
1
Then,
Good
Very
+1
O
1
S
1
55. (3) Z 1
I 9
P 8
Similarly,
Z 1
A 3
P 8
P 8
and
S 6
O 4
A 2
T 5
Similarly,
S 8
H 4
A 1
D 2
E 5
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 23
l
59. (2) A 1
C 3
N 14
E 5
Similarly, B 2
O 15
I 9
L 12
E #
R 2
Similarly,
60. (4) As
D O M E and M E A L
8 9 4 3
4 3 2 1
Similarly, 3 8 2 4 9
E D A M O
61. (4) F 21 Similarly, B 25
L 15
R 9
A 26
E 22
R 9
I 18
E 22
F 21
64. (2) E 3
A 1
T 8
Similarly,
62. (4) D 5
O @
W 9
N #
Similarly,
63. (3) S 5
A @
F 3
N #
A 6
M %
E 3
and
M %
O @
D 5
E 3
and
R 2
I
D %
E #
F 3
E #
D %
S 5
and C 2
H 4
A 1
I 5
R 6
T 8
E 3
A 1
C 2
H 4
E 3
R 6
1 20
65. (1) As C3 A
T
= ( 3 + 1 + 20) 2
= 24 2 = 12
13 1 14
Similarly, M A N
= (13 + 1 + 14) 2
= 28 2 = 14
4. (4) 3 9 7 4 1 6
P B D F M A
(no condition follows)
5. (1) 7 3 4 1 9 2
D P F M B V
(no condition follows)
6. (4) 2 1 5 3 4 9
A P K % R
(none of the conditions is applicable)
24
Verbal
7. (3) 6 7 1 2 5 4
M A P
(condition (ii) is applicable)
8. (2) 8 1 3 4 6 9
D A K % @ R
(none of the conditions is applicable)
9. (4) 7 9 4 8 2 1
$ R % D $
(condition (iii) is applicable)
10. (1) 5 9 1 4 2 6
@ R A % P
(condition (i) is applicable)
systems ss
tp na
officer in uniform or mu at
new
systems
\ ss
bank
in
officer or
bank
bk
bk
at
na
ss
systems, bk bank
at
in, na new
or
officer, mu uniform
and tp banking
11. (4) bk stands for bank.
12. (4) ss mu stands for systems uniform.
13. (1) new officer be coded as or na.
14. (2) bank officer in uniform be coded as bk
at or mu.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 25
l
T R I E D
1 4 # 2
Similarly, S K I R T
3 % 4 1
27. (4) 3a 2b 7c truth is eternal
(i)
7c 9a 8b 3a enmity is not eternal (ii)
4d 2b 8b truth does not
(iii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 7c is/eternal
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 2b truth
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), 8b hot
Hence, 9a enmity
28. (3) We know national flower of India is
Lotus and here Lotus is called Rose.
29. (2) According to given signs table
> = <
6 8 7 3 1
30. (1) Water quenches thirst and here water is
called as light.
31. (3) Lizard flying
32. (2) Glass is used for drinking water and here
glass is called as saucer.
33. (5) Soap is used for washing clothes and here
soap is called ink.
34. (1) According to given alphabets codes
1 6 3 5 1 4 9 7 8 4 2
A N I M A L W O R L D
35. (2) According to given statements.
F E D C G
8 6 2 5 4
C H I L D
5 3 4 1 7
Similarly, L E A D E R
1 0 2 7 0 8
37. (3) 4 6 7 leaves are green
6 3 9 they are playing
4 8 5 green is good
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 6 are
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 4 green
Hence, 7 leaves
38. (2) If
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
M A D R A S
D A M S A R
Then,
M U M B A I
M U M I A B
39. (2) min fin bin gin
trains are always late (i)
gin din cin hin
drivers were always punished (ii)
bin cin vin rin
drivers stopped all trains (iii)
din kin fin vin
all passengers were late
(iv)
From Eqs. (i) and (iv), fin late
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), cin drivers
From Eqs. (ii) and (iv), din were
Hence, drivers were late cin din fin
40. (1) Given, G E R M A N Y
7 5 18 13 1 14 25
Here, the number of letters are written in
place of code.
Hence, F R A N C E
6 18 1 14 3 5