Tension Strength!

Total weight, P, (body immersed in mud) Equation 1:!

P = wt drill pipe in mud + wt drill collar in mud = ((Ldp * Wdp) + (Ldc * Wdc)) * BF!

Buoyancy Factor, BF = (1 - m / s) = (1 - m / s)!

m = specific weight of mud (kN/m3)!

Drill pipe strength expressed in terms of yield strength Eqn. 2:!

Pa = Pt * 0.9!
!
(Pa = max tensile load, Pt = drill pipe yield strength)!

!
Margin of over pull (MOP) = P - P!
!
Safety factor (SF): SF = P / P!
!
a

(Nominal values for MOP are 220-400kN)!

Subbing in Pa & P, rearranging gives;

!
!
!
!
(Equation 3): !

!
!
!
!

(Equation 4): !

Collapse!
Max differential pressure across pipe: p = Y * m* g!

!
Safety factor in collapse, SF = C
!

/ p! !

(distance from surface)!

(CR is collapse resistance)!

Shock loading can happen when slips are set on moving drill pipe, which will create
additional tensile force. Additional tensile force, FS = 9.4 * Wdp!
FS is additional tensile force (kN), Wdp is weight of drill pipe per unit length!

Equation governing elastic torsional behaviour in a

cylinder, Equation 5:!

T = applied torque, J = polar second moment of area of a cylinder, = shear stress!

r = radius at which the stress is measured, = angle through which cylinder rotated,
L = length of the cylinder, = shear modulus, = / L = T / GJ!

First yield will occur at the outer fibres of the cylinder at r = D / 2.

Substituting back into Equation 5 gives the applied torque for
first yield as (Equation 6), 3x10^3 if in mm!

Drill Stem Testing is a test that temporarily brings the well on stream without altering
the wells equipment. Used to collect samples of fluids in the rock and provide an
estimate of flow rate and reservoir pressure.!

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In a Newtonian fluid there is a linear relationship between (shear stress) and

(shear strain):! = !

Non-Newtonian fluids do not have a linear relation between and , i.e. the
viscosity varies. Three types of Non-Newtonian Fluid:!

Bingham plastic fluid Deformation takes place after a minimum value of shear
stress (called the Yield Point, YP). Beyond YP, the relationship between stress and
stain is linear with constant viscosity, known as Plastic Viscosity, PV. ! !
Therefore:! = YP + (PV)!

Power-law fluid Shear stress and shear strain are related by the following
expression:!
= !

You need to understand the derivation of the following equations: Bingham &
Power.!

!
!

Pbit = Ppump - ( P1(surface) + P2 + P3 + P4 +P5)

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