Depression Lead-Out

By Amelie Sherry

Objectives

Awareness and empathy

Gain knowledge to
recognize signs and
symptoms of depression
Gain tools to help students

Advance Organizer

Definition of Depression
Statistics
Types of Depression
Effects on Students
Causes and Solution
Strategies

Depression
A period of two weeks or
longer during which there is
either depressed mood or
loss of interest or pleasure,
and at least four other
symptoms that reflect a
change in functioning, such
as problems with sleep,
eating, energy, concentration,
and self-image.
2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

Data
Studies conducted by
National Survey on
Drug Use and Health
(NSDUH) and
National Institute of
Mental Health based
on reported cases as
of 2014

2.8 Million
Students

2.8 million (11.4%) adolescents aged 12-17 had at least

one major depressive episode in the past year

9 YEARS

Steady increase of mental health hospitalization over

the past 9 years in California

1 in 5 Students

1 in 5 students have a mental health disorder, costing

$247 billion

44% of Pediatric
Health

Depression accounted for 44% of all pediatric mental

health hospital admissions, costing $1.33 billion

30%

In 2013, 30% of high school students nationwide reported

persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness

Clinical

Bipolar

Types of Depression
Cyclothymic

Dysthymic

Seasonal
Affective
Disorder

1. Melancholic

Clinical
Depression
Major or Unipolar

Severe
Physical symptoms

2. Psychotic
Hallucinations
Paranoia

3. Antenatal &
Postnatal
Pregnancy

Depression Normalcy Mania Depression

Bipolar
Manic Depression
Depression and Mania

Episodes of psychosis
Linked to family history
Misdiagnosed with
depression
Determined based on
mania
2% of population

Cyclothymic
Disorder
Mild form of bipolar

Fluctuating moods over

at least 2 years
Periods of hypomania
and periods of
depressive symptoms
Shorter, less severe,
and not as regular as
bipolar disorder or major
depression

Dysthymic
Disorder

Symptoms are similar to

those of major depression
Symptoms last longer
Less severe
A person has to have this
milder depression for +2
years to be diagnosed.

S.A.D.
Seasonal Affective Disorder

Unclear causes
Mood disturbances begin
and end in a particular
season
Lack of energy, sleep too
much, overeat, gain
weight and crave for
carbohydrates
Women > Men

THOUGHTS

FEELINGS

A
C
I
S
HY

BEHAVIOR

Behavior

Physical

not going out anymore

tired all the time

not getting things done at school

sick and run down

withdrawing from family and friends

headaches and muscle pains

relying on alcohol and sedatives

churning gut

not doing usual enjoyable activities

sleep problems

unable to concentrate

loss or change of appetite

significant weight loss or gain

Feelings

Thoughts

overwhelmed

guilty

'Im a failure.'

irritable, frustrated

'Its my fault.'

lacking in confidence

'Nothing good ever happens to me.'

indecisive

'Im worthless.'

disappointed

'Lifes not worth living.'

miserable, sad

'People would be better off without me.'

The Problem with Stigma

Widespread
Internalize public attitudes
Embarrassed or ashamed
Often conceal symptoms and
fail to seek treatment
Lowers access to resources
and opportunities (housing and
employment)
Diminished self-esteem and
greater isolation and
hopelessness

TASK: From these stories, identify the causes and

methods to help students suffering from depression

Group 1: Alices Story

Group 2: Alis Story
Group 3: Megan Meiers Story
Group 4: Parents

(start with the paragraph way down the article, As

parents, our intentions are sound)

Cyberbullying and Depression

"Cyber victims reported
higher depression than
cyber bullies or bullyvictims, which was not
found in any other form
of bullying...cyber
victims may be more
likely to feel isolated,
dehumanized or
helpless at the time of
the attack."

Helicopter Parenting

1.

Parents do for kids what kids can already do for themselves

2.

Parents do for our kids what they can almost do for themselves

3.

Parenting behavior is motivated by their egos - Back-Stage Mom

What triggers depression?

Examples include:

Cause depends on
each individual
case

ANYTHING!
Bullying
Parental pressures
Cultural pressures
Trauma (including death and
divorce)
Major events
Social media
Genetics
Health (mental, emotional,
physical)
Substance abuse
Medications

Optimal emotional health:

Helping
Students
Teachers are advocates for
students and gatekeepers
toward health

Effective coping skills

Formation of positive
relationships
Adapt to challenges
Functioning well at home,
school, and in life

Ideas for Solutions

Positive School Climate
Promote youth emotional health
Emphasis on communication
skills, problem-solving skills, and
stress management.
Parent mental health
Training
Staff trained to recognize signs
of mental distress and refer
students to services
Ensure early education staff are
trained on social-emotional
learning.

Community
After-school programs and safe
places to exercise
Qualified mental health
professionals serving youth
(counselors, psychiatrists, and
primary care physicians)
Media campaigns to reduce the
stigma associated with mental
health problems
Funding
Integration and coordination
among mental health services
and other systems for at-risk
populations (LGBT, poverty,
foster care)

The opposite of depression is not

happiness but vitality

Adolescents/Teenagers Summary. Kidsdata.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016.

Beyondblue. Signs and Symptoms of Depression. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 July 2016.

Sou

CDC - Child Development, Adolescence (15-17 Years Old) - NCBDDD. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016.

rces

Cyberbullying on Social Media Linked to Teen Depression. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2016.
Depression High among Youth Victims of School Cyber Bullying, NIH Researchers Report. National Institutes of Health (NIH). N.p., 31 Aug. 2015. Web.
23 July 2016.
Depression In Teens. Mental Health America. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016.
Depression-Related Feelings (Student Reported), by Level of Connectedness to School. Kidsdata.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016.
Educational Leadership:Interventions That Work:Responding to a Students Depression. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2016.
Lythcott-Haims, Julie, and Ruth Graham. Kids of Helicopter Parents Are Sputtering Out. Slate 5 July 2015. Slate. Web. 27 July 2016.
Teens Share Stories About Depression. Teenbeing. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2016.
The Top Six Unforgettable CyberBullying Cases Ever | NoBullying - Bullying & CyberBullying Resources. N.p., 23 Apr. 2013. Web. 29 July 2016.
Office of the Surgeon General, Center for Mental Health Services (us), and National Institute of Mental Health (us). Chapter 2 Culture Counts: The
Influence of Culture and Society on Mental Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US), 2001. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Web. 22 July 2016.