Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Rev. 9/02
$10.00
Commercial Pool/Spa
Engineering
Design
Manual
Charts and Tables
Second Edition January 2003
Contents
Pool Design Requirements
1
Public Pool Calculations
2
How to Calculate Gallonage
2
How to Calculate Radii
2
How to Calculate Bathing Load and Displacement
of Bathers for Public Pools
3
Surge Chamber Design Procedure
4
Diatomaceous Earth Filters
5
Basic Principles of Operation
5
.
System..3
6
Ultra VAC Vacuum D.E. Rates and Capacities
7
Diatomaceous Earth Precoat and Slurry Feed
Requirements
8
Slurry Feeding and Precoat Dosage Chart
9
Slurry Feeding With Diaphragm Feeder Pumps
10
High Rate Sand Filters
11
Basic Principles of Operation
12
Residential and Commercial Hi-Rate Permanent
Media Filters
13
.
Filter Media Requirements Chart for System..3
Sand Filters
13
S7S50, S8S70, HRPB30 Residential Hi-Rate
Permanent Media Filter Rate and Capacity Chart
14
Filter Capacity Vertical Tanks
15
Filter Capacity Horizontal Tanks
15
.
Modular Media (System..3) for Commercial Applications 16
Head Loss Charts
17
Self Priming Pumps
19
CSP/CCSP Commercial Self-Priming Pump
19
DH/DM Self-Priming Commercial Pool Pump
19
Type "B" Centrifugal Pumps
20
Composite Pump Curves
21
Hair and Lint Traps
21
Horizontal Centrifugal Pumps Installation
Considerations
22-26
Hydraulic Charts and Tables
27
Natural Gas Heater Sizing
27
Initial Heat up BTU Required 24 Hours
27
BTU Required to Maintain Temperature
27
Spa Heat Time 10 Temperature Rise
27
Spa Heat Up Time 30 Temperature Rise
27
Formulas
27
Heater Efficiencies
27
Low Pressure Natural Gas and Propane Gas
Pipe Size
28
Natural Gas Consumption Meter
28
Ventilation Requirements Indoors
28
Centigrade and Fahrenheit Equivalents
28
Friction/Flow Chart for Schedule 40 Rigid PVC Pipe 29
Friction Loss in Plastic Pipe Schedule 80
30
These standards may conflict with the State Health Department regulations governing the pool being designed.
The following excerpts from the NCAA handbook reflect the preferred
requirements to be considered in your preliminary planning: (See
note, preceding page.)
TOTAL 100%
POOL SHAPES
Life guard chairs must be installed allowing for the maximum coverage for supervision of both pool and deck.
DECK AREA
Deck area considerations should include sufficient room for spectators, recreational sun bathing and dry swimming instruction.
Depth markers should be installed on pool face, and distance markers incorporated into the deck including 220 and 440 yards, 200, 400
and 1500 meters.
12'
11'
10'6"
14'
5'
16'6"
3'
41'
We will divide the pool into four sections, as shown above, calculating
area A, B, C, and D as shown above. You will notice no dedication for
radii have been allowed. When all sections have been calculated, add
and obtain total gallonage.
the curve below will enable you to deduct for the radii.
10
6
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Bathing Load
7. The remainder is the total number of swimmers for that size pool.
One bather per 15 square feet of surface area (less than 5 feet deep).
Displacement of Bathers
One bather per 20 square feet of surface area (more than 5 feet deep).
Subtract 300 square feet from total square feet of area for each diving
board.
Example
10. Add results of No. 8 and No. 9 to give total bather displacement
in cubic feet of water.
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
Displacement (Gal.)
1500
2250
3000
3750
4500
5250
6000
6750
7500
8250
9000
150
225
300
375
450
525
600
675
750
825
900
975
1050
1125
1200
A Chamber Length
10
10
12
12
14
15
16
18
20
20
20
20
B Chamber Width
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
C Chamber Depth
96
110
116
116
116
116
120
120
120
126
120
120
126
136
136
112
112
212
212
212
E Overflow
700
750
800
1. The design criteria in this reference sheet takes into account the
maximum possible bathing load for any size pool and the surge
chamber is sized to accommodate this full displacement, and yet,
still maintain a gutter system which will continuously skim the pool
surface. Of further importance, when there is no bathing load, the
stored water in the surge chamber will return to the pool, thus
maintaining a water level necessary to continue skimming of the
surface water when the pool is not in use.
Number of Bathers
Pool
Surface
Area (Sq. Ft.)
1500
100
20
2000
133
27
2500
167
33
3000
200
40
3500
233
47
4000
267
53
4500
300
60
5000
333
67
5500
367
73
6000
400
80
6500
433
7000
467
7500
500
8000
533
8500
567
9000
600
9500
633
10000
667
10500
700
11000
733
11500
767
12000
800
Size the chamber suction line as well as the main outlet (main
drain) line to handle the maximum design recirculation rate.
Regardless of line size, install float valve as illustrated.
Main
Gutter
Note: Always size the main gutter line for the maximum design
flow rate or surge flow rate, whichever is greater.
8. The automatic fresh water make-up system maintains a proper
pool level at all times. The air gap, as illustrated in the drawing,
must be in conformity with local regulations.
Set the CF1-A1 Float control valve with float in OFF position at
chamber operating level. Allow 8 travel before actuation of ON
position.
Line (IPS)
25 Ft.
50 Ft.
75 Ft.
100 Ft.
165 gpm
130 gpm
110 gpm
100 gpm
485 gpm
395 gpm
340 gpm
300 gpm
1000 gpm
835 gpm
735 gpm
665 gpm
10
1750 gpm
1500 gpm
1335 gpm
1210 gpm
12
2690 gpm
2340 gpm
2110 gpm
1920 gpm
25
30
3
45
40
10
15 2
60
55
Effluent
Handle
Down
25
30
3
45
40
10
3500 0899
15 2
Influent
(Supply)
50
60
55
FILTER CYCLE
In the filter cycle the flow direction is IN through the bottom port.
Precoat, filter aid is applied to the outside of the element. The
fluid flows from the outside to the inside of each element.
By
Effluent
reversing the flow direction backwash is achieved.
Handle
Down
Influent
(Supply)
3500 0899
BACKWASH CYCLE
5
Model
No.
No.
of
Units
Filter
Area
Sq. Ft.
PLD70
36
S7MD60
S7MD72
1
1
1
2
3
4
60
72
83
166
249
332
DEPB83
5
6
415
498
581
664
Flow Rate
Turnover Rate
1.5
GPM
2.0
GPM
6
Hours
8
Hours
54
19,440
25,920
72
25,920
34,560
90
32,400
43,200
120
43,200
57,600
108
38,880
51,840
144
51,840
69,120
125
45,000
60,000
166
59,760
79,680
249
89,640
119,520
332
119,520
159,360
373.5
143,280
179,280
498
179,280
239,040
498
179,280
239,040
664
239,040
318,720
622.5
224,100
298,800
830
298,800
398,400
747
268,920
358,560
996
358,560
478,080
871.5
313,740
418,320
1162
418,320
557,760
996
358,560
478,080
1328
478,080
637,440
Note: Recommended flow rate 1.5 GPM per sq. ft. of filter area.
STA-RITE
DEPB
System 3
Model S7MD60 and Model S7MD72
8 Hour Turnover
Part No.
U-V
Model
Area
1 GPM Rate
1.0 GPM
1.5 GPM
1.0 GPM
1.5 GPM
29830-0056
56
56
56
84
20,160
30,240
26,880
40,320
29830-0066
66
66
66
99
23,760
35,640
31,680
47,520
29830-0112
112
112
112
168
40,320
60,480
53,760
80,640
29830-0132
132
132
132
198
47,520
71,280
63,360
95,040
29830-0224
224
224
224
336
80,640
120,960
107,520
161,280
29830-0264
264
264
264
396
95,040
142,560
126,720
190,080
29830-0336
336
336
336
504
120,960
181,440
161,280
241,920
29830-0396
396
396
396
594
142,560
213,840
190,080
285,120
29830-0448
448
448
448
672
161,280
241,920
215,040
322,560
29830-0528
528
528
528
792
190,080
285,120
253,440
380,160
29830-0560
560
560
560
840
201,600
302,400
268,800
403,200
29830-0660
660
660
660
990
237,600
356,400
316,800
475,200
29830-0672
672
672
672
1008
241,920
362,880
322,560
483,840
29830-0792
792
792
792
1188
285,120
427,680
380,160
570,240
29830-0896
896
896
896
1344
322,560
483,840
430,080
645,120
29830-0924
924
924
924
1386
332,640
498,960
443,520
665,280
29830-1056
1056
1056
1056
1584
380,160
570,240
506,880
760,320
29830-1188
1188
1188
1188
1782
427,680
641,520
570,240
855,360
29830-1320
1320
1320
1320
1980
475,200
712,800
633,600
950,400
29830-1452
1452
1452
1452
2178
522,720
784,080
696,960
1,045,440
29830-1584
1584
1584
1584
2376
570,240
855,360
760,320
1,140,480
Diatomaceous earth filters divided into two basic classifications; pressure and vacuum type filters.
Flow rates vary depending upon the type of service, the anticipated
loading and whether or not slurry feeding is to be included. For residential pools flow rates of between 2 and 2-1/2 gallons per minute
per sq. ft. of filter area are obtainable.
Pressure type filters used on other than private pools operate at 2
gallon per minute flow rates, except where slurry feeding is used in
which case to flow may be as high as 2-1/2 gallons per minute per
sq. ft.
Vacuum type diatomite filters operate at a rate of 1-1/2 to 2 gpm per
sq. ft. without slurry feed. Total flow is generally calculated on the
basis of an 8 to 12 hour turnover for private pools and 6 to 8 hour
turnover for public pools.
PRECOAT, VACUUM AND PRESSURE TYPE
The vacuum precoat vessel is plumbed to the suction side of the
circulating pump. The precoat is drawn from the precoat pot under
vacuum and introduced into the filter vessel under pressure (see
Figure 4).
The pressure precoat vessel is plumbed between the circulating
pump and the filter system. Fluid, under high pressure, is introduced
into the top of the vessel and leaves through the connection located
in the bottom of the vessel. The precoat is introduced directly into the
filter face piping (see Figure 5).
Precoating with slurry tank, fill tank 1/4 full with fresh water and add
the required amount of diatomaceous earth into the tank. Start agitator. Place filter into operation. Open the gate valve on the city water
supply line connected to the injector. The solution will be drawn from
the tank by the injector. When the tank is empty shut off the city water
line, precoat is now complete (see Figure 6, Page 9).
Figure 4
PRESSURE TYPE PRECOAT TANKS
Figure 5
Filter Area
(Sq. Ft.)
Slurry
Tank Size
Capacity
(Gallons)
Fee Pump
Model
78
106
119
133
147
161
175
189
210
266
294
322
350
378
420
483
525
567
630
700
756
840
945
1050
24 x 36
65
26
6401-11F
6401-21F
30 x 36
104
42
6401-21F
36 x 36
150
60
6402-21DF
42 x 36
205
82
6402-21DF
48 x 36
272
108
6402-21DF
.6 25%
.8 33%
.8 33%
.9 38%
1.0 42%
1.1 46%
1.2 50%
1.3 54%
1.5 63%
1.9 38%*
2.1 42%*
2.3 46%*
2.5 50%*
3.0 63%*
3.0 63%*
3.4 37%*
3.7 41%*
4.0 44%*
4.5 50%*
5.0 55%*
5.4 60%*
6.0 66%*
6.7 74%*
7.5 83%*
7.8
10.6
11.9
13.3
14.7
16.1
17.5
18.9
21.0
26.6
29.4
32.2
35.0
37.8
42.0
48.3
52.5
56.7
63.0
70.0
75.6
84.0
94.5
105.0
A feeder pump is provided for the accurate feeding of D.E., slurry and water, in conjunction with filtration equipment. The primary use will be for continuous feeding of D.E. (slurry). The process,
if done properly, will greatly increase the operating efficiency of
the filter plant.
Based on the 100% pumping rate (60 gpd) 24.9 pounds of filter aid
will be delivered every 24 hours.
Example: 60 gpd X 8.33 = 499.8 lbs. of water
499.8 X 5% = 24.9 lbs. of filter aid
Separation Tank
Pressure
Gauge
To
Filter
Air Bleed
Valve
Sight
Glass
Separation
Tank
From
Pool
Return Line to
Pool (Normal
Operation)
To
Pool
Waste Line
From Filter
(Backwash)
SAFETY VALVE
(Normally Closed;
1. Stop pump.
prevents pressurizing
Separation Tank)
2. Place backwash valve in backwash position.
3. Open Safety Valve and Separation Tank Air Bleed Valve.
4. Check that Sep Tank clamp(s) are on correctly
5. Start pump until water runs from Air Bleed Valve; then close Air Bleed.
6. Run pump until dirt and spent DE have been transferred to Sep Tank.
7. STOP PUMP; place Backwash Valve in normal position and close Safety Valve.
8. Open Sep Tank Drain and Air Bleed and DO NOT attempt to remove the
Sep Tank Bag until ALL the water has drained out (usually 24 hours)
10
Drain
Valve
4257 1002
25
30
3
45
40
10
15 2
60
55
Downflow
Through Bed
Handle
Down
Effluent
(To Pool)
25
30
3
45
40
10
15 2
Influent
(Supply)
50
60
55
3503 0899
FILTER CYCLE
Handle
Up
MANUAL SYSTEM
In the filter cycle the flow direction is IN
through the bottom port. The internals
direct the flow to provide down flow
through the media bed. By reversing the
flow direction backwash is achieved.
AUTOMATIC SYSTEM
The same tank and internals are used
with the automatic backwash feature; four
diaphragm control valves replace the slide
valve.
Backwash
(Supply)
To Waste
or Sep. Tank
BACKWASH CYCLE
11
Figure 1
The Hi-Rate permanent media filter is cleaned when the differential pressure reaches 15 to 20 psi.
HI-RATE FILTER
Scientifically engineered over and underdrains allow high velocity parallel flow through the filter with a minimum of turbulence.
Figure 2
CONVENTIONAL SAND FILTER
Simplified over and underdrain in regular sand filter with its many layers of rock and sand causes turbulence and channeling at high flow
rates.
12
Diameter
Approximate
Freeboard
Number of
Sacks Req.
Weight in
Pounds
HRPB20
20
34
11
200
S7S50
28.5
42
11
200
HRPB24
24
34
11
2.5
250
S8S70
32.5
42.25
11
300
HRPB30
30
34
11
400
NOTE: 1 cu. ft. of silica sand equals 1 sack or approximately 100 pounds. Freeboard is the open area
between the top of the filter sand and the backwash outlet of the tank. During the first few backwashes,
the lighter particles of sand and any excess will be flushed from the tank. DO NOT use a finer grade of
filter media than specified.
% Retained
20
30
58
40
36
50
13
STA-RITE
SYSTEM 3
Model S7S50
Model S8S70
HRPB30
Model
Number
Sq. Ft. of
Filter Area
S7S50
2.4
S8S70
3.4
HRPB30
4.9
Model
Number
No. of
Units
Filter Area
Sq. Ft.
9.8
14.7
19.6
24.5
29.4
34.3
39.2
SR-300-2U
4.9
SR-360-2U
7.1
SR-360-3T
7.1
HRPB30
GPM
GP 6 Hours
GP 8 Hours
36
12,960
17,800
48
17,280
23,040
51
18,360
24,480
68
24,480
32,640
74
26,640
35,520
98
35,280
47,040
Flow Rate
GPM
Turnover Rate
GP 6 Hours
15 GPM
20 GPM
6 Hours
8 Hours
Manifold
Pipe Size
7 f.p.s.
GPM
147
52,920
70,560
441
196
70,560
94,080
588
220.5
79,380
105,840
662
294
105,840
141,120
882
394
105,840
141,120
882
392
141,120
188,160
1,176
367.5
132,300
176,400
1,103
480
176,400
235,200
1,440
441
158,760
211,680
1,323
588
211,680
282,240
1,764
514.5
185,220
246,960
1,544
686
246,960
329,280
2,058
588
211,680
282,240
1,764
784
282,240
376,320
2,352
74
26,640
35,520
74
98
35,280
47,040
2-1/2
105
106
38,160
50,880
2-1/2
105
142
51,120
68,160
165
106
38,160
50,880
2-1/2
105
142
51,120
68,160
165
NOTES: Recommended flow rate 15 gpm per sq. ft. of filter area.
Recommended Velocity of Schedule 40 Rigid PVC Pipe is 7 fps. Check local codes.
100 lbs. of #20 Silica Sand is one bag. 1 bag is approximately 1 cu. ft.
Backwash Gallons is based on minimum of 3 minutes in the backwash cycle.
14
GP 8 Hours
Silica Sand
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
2800
3200
550
875
875
VERTICAL
HORIZONTAL
3497 0899
Sq. Ft.
of Filter
Area
21603-1042
9.26
21603-1047
21603-1055
21603-1063
21603-1071
21603-1079
21603-1093
15 GPM
per Sq. Ft.
Rate
20 GPM
per Sq. Ft.
Rate
Gallons
per
4 Hours
Gallons
per
6 Hours
Gallons
per
8 Hours
139
33,360
50,040
66,720
12.17
16.56
21.63
27,38
33.80
46.72
186
44,640
66,960
89,280
182
43,680
65,820
87,360
244
58,560
87,840
117,120
249
59,760
89,640
119,520
332
79,680
119,520
159,360
325
78,000
50,040
66,720
432
44,640
117,000
156,000
410
98,400
149,600
196,800
546
131,040
176,560
262,080
507
121,680
182,520
243,360
676
162,240
243,360
324,470
701
168,240
252,360
336,480
934
224,160
336,240
448,320
NOTE: Filter Media and pumping equipment ARE NOT included with filter tanks.
ENGINEERING NOTES: The Vertical Hi-Rate Filter(s) should be backwashed when a 15 P.S.I.G. (104 to 117 kPa) differential is indicated on the
influent and effluent pressure gauges.
When sizing the main recirculating pump for the Vertical Hi-Rate Filter(s), calculate head loss for maximum dirt load at 15 to 20 P.S.I.G. (104 to
138 kPa) through the filter and face piping.
Catalog
Number
Sq. Ft.
of Filter
Area
15 U.S. GPM
per Sq. Ft.
Rate
U.S. Gals.
Per
4 Hours
U.S. Gals.
Per
6 Hours
U.S. Gals.
Per
8 Hours
Face
Piping
Size
(I.P.S.)
Lbs.
#20 Filter
Sand
Required
Approx.
Shipping
Wt. Lbs.
24601-36143
14.3
215 GPM
51,600
77,400
103,200
N/A
2,300
630
24601-36173
17.3
260 GPM
62,400
93,600
124,800
N/A
2,800
740
24601-36203
20.3
305 GPM
73,200
109,800
146,400
N/A
2,600
830
15
SYSTEM 3
Model S7M120
Model S8M150
Model
Number
S7M120
S8M150
Filter Capacity
at Max. Flow Rate
Dirt
Loading
Capacity
in Lbs.
No.
of
Tanks
Filter
Area
Sq. Ft.
GPM
6 Hours
8 Hours
300
100
36,000
48,000
600
200
72,000
96,000
70
900
300
108,000
144,000
105
Flow
Rate*
Tank
Width
Filter Dimensions
in Inches
Service
Tank
Width
Height
Service
Height
35
1,200
400
144,000
192,000
1,500
500
180,000
240,000
1,800
600
216,000
288,000
210
2,100
700
252,000
336,000
245
2,400
800
288,000
384,000
280
450
125
45,000
60,000
55
900
250
90,000
120,000
110
1,350
375
135,000
180,000
165
.333
140
175
1,800
500
180,000
240,000
2,250
625
225,000
300,000
2,700
750
270,000
360,000
330
2,100
875
312,000
420,000
385
2,400
1,000
360,000
480,000
400
.278
16
220
275
28.5
36
42
68
32.5
40
42.25
68
GPM
Main drain
1-1/2
Outlet
20
30
40
50
60
Main drain
2
Outlet
Heater
Component
GPM
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Skimmer
1-1/2
20
30
40
50
60
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.5
40
50
60
70
80
1.0
1.5
2.0
3.0
4.0
Skimmer
2
Outlet
7.0 Average
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Backwash Valves
1-1/2 Push/Pull
50
75
6.0
13.5
1-1/2 Multiport
50
75
5.0
10.0
2 Push/Pull
75
120
7.0
17.6
2 Multiport
75
100
120
3.5
6.0
8.5
Cartridge Filters
GPM (.75)
GPM (.375)
25 sq. ft.
35 sq. ft.
50 sq. ft.
70 sq. ft.
75 sq. ft.
100 sq. ft.
135 sq. ft.
18.75
26.25
37.50
52.50
56.25
75.00
101.25
1.1
2.0
4.3
7.5
8.0
17.5
28.0
9.38
13.13
18.75
26.25
28.13
37.50
50.63
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
Sand Filters
GPM (20)
GPM (15)
21.0
28.2
36.0
44.0
53.2
63.0
98.0
142.0
10 (est.)
12 (est.)
14 (est.)
16
18 (est.)
25
17
24 (est.)
15.8
21.2
27.0
33.0
39.9
46.5
73.5
106.5
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
7.0 Average
GPM
GPM (.375)
75
94
113
131
150
150
6.0
9.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
20.0
38
47
56
66
75
113
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
6.0
13.0
GPM (NSF)
100
115
124
130
3.0
4.6
5.5
6.3
GPM (1.5)
GPM (NSF)
36 sq. ft.
60 sq. ft.
72 sq. ft.
54
90
108
5.5
7.0
10.0
70
120
144
9.0
13.0
18.0
17
Velocity
FPS
Exit Head
(Ft.)
2.91
5.81
8.71
11.62
14.53
17.43
20.34
23.24
26.15
29.05
.13
.53
1.18
2.10
3.28
4.72
6.43
8.40
10.63
13.12
Velocity
FPS
Exit Head
(Ft.)
8.17
9.80
11.44
13.07
14.71
16.34
17.98
19.61
21.24
22.88
24.51
26.15
27.78
29.41
31.05
32.68
1.04
1.49
2.03
2.66
3.36
4.15
5.02
5.98
7.02
8.14
9.34
10.63
12.00
13.45
14.99
16.61
GPM
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Velocity
FPS
3.63
4.36
5.08
5.81
6.54
7.27
7.99
8.72
9.44
10.17
10.89
11.62
12.35
13.07
13.80
14.53
15.25
15.98
16.70
17.43
18.16
18.88
19.60
20.34
21.06
21.79
GPM
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Velocity
FPS
5.34
5.87
6.40
6.94
7.47
8.00
8.54
9.07
9.60
10.14
10.67
11.21
11.74
12.27
12.81
13.34
13.87
14.41
14.94
15.47
16.01
16.54
17.08
17.61
18.14
18.68
19.21
19.74
20.28
20.81
21.34
Exit Head
(Ft.)
.44
.54
.64
.75
.87
1.00
1.13
1.28
1.43
1.60
1.77
1.95
2.14
2.34
2.55
2.77
2.99
3.23
3.47
3.72
3.98
4.25
4.53
4.82
5.11
5.42
5.74
6.06
6.39
6.73
7.08
Velocity
FPS
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
6.13
6.54
6.95
7.35
7.76
8.17
8.58
8.99
9.40
9.81
10.21
10.62
Exit Head
(Ft.)
.58
.66
.75
.84
.94
1.04
1.14
1.26
1.37
1.50
1.62
1.75
GPM
Velocity
FPS
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
11.03
11.44
11.85
12.26
12.66
13.07
13.48
13.89
14.30
14.71
15.12
15.52
18
Exit Head
(Ft.)
1.89
2.03
2.18
2.34
2.49
2.66
2.83
3.00
3.18
3.36
3.55
3.75
GPM
Velocity
FPS
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
15.93
16.34
16.75
17.16
17.57
17.98
18.38
18.79
19.20
19.61
20.02
20.43
Exit Head
(Ft.)
3.95
4.15
4.36
4.58
4.80
5.02
5.25
5.49
5.73
5.98
6.23
6.49
CSP/CCSP
150
125
TOTAL HEAD IN FEET
125
100
75
CSPHN3
50
20
100
75
CCSPHN3
50
20
CSPHM3
CSPHK/CSPHK3
100
200
300
400
CSPHL/CSPHL3
500 600 700 800
900
160
140
120
100
80
60
DMJ
40
20
DMH
DHH
0
40
60
80
100
120
DHJ
140 160
180 200
220
240
100
200
CCSPHL/CCSPHL3
300 400 500 600 700 800
U.S. GALLONS PER MINUTE
DH/DM
180
20
CCSPHM3
CCSPHK/CCSPHK3
260
19
900
Features
2. BRACKET Heavy cast iron bracket maintains positive shaft alignment between motor and impeller.
1134 0694 A
20
End-Suction
Centrifugal
Pumps
320
300
A. B112TQMS-9
B112ZQLS-18
80
250
B. B112TQMS-10
200
B
A
B1 1
2 TQ
MS
-8
40
B212ZQMS-
B1WQS-9
150
100
20
B2
TQ
MS
-14
B2 1
2 TQ
MS
-14
60
B2EQLS-30
-18
14
LS
MSZQ
1 TQ
B2
B1 2
-14
1 ZQLS
B1 2
TOTAL HEAD
B3TQMS-18
B3ZQMS-30
B3TQMS-14
Meters
Feet
50
0 0
0 U.S. gpm 100
0
M 3/hr
200
20
40
300
60
400
80
500
100
600
120
140
700
800
160
CAPACITY
Package No.
Description
51
6" Cast Iron Trap with Basket
56
6" Bronze Trap with Basket
98
8" Cast Iron Trap with Basket
99
8" Bronze Trap with Basket
76
Cast Iron Flange for a Remote Installation of 8" Trap
74
11" Cast Iron Trap with Basket
184
1100 cu. in. Hair & Lint Strainer
184C
1100 cu. in. Hair & Lints Strainer (coated)
Suction
Port Size
2" NPT
2" NPT
3" NPT
3" NPT
3" NPT
3" NPT
6" Flange
6" Flange
21
Ship Wt.
(lbs.)
20
20
40
40
4
65
180
180
Installation Considerations
ARRANGEMENT RECOMMENDED
0801
55
L I S T E D S U CT
A-R I
ITE
Isolation See
foundation
Valve
Return to Pool section.
One size larger
than Pump Discharge
port to reduce friction
0 -0 0 1 0
P
G
Equalizer
Fitting
ST
Flow-Through
Strainer
ION FITTING
Suction
Gauge
To Pump
Suction
Isolation
Valve
Standard
or long
radius
elbow.
No shutoff valve
betweenTee and
Main Drains
Support pipe
as required
3080 1097
22
Not
to
Scale
Installation Considerations
LOCATION OF UNIT
Suction Lift
Both the suction and discharge pipes should be naturally aligned with
the pump and independently supported near the inlet and discharge
flanges to prevent strain on the pump case.
The pump unit must be adequately supported to prevent movement
during operation.
The motor feet should be mounted on an elevated pad, 3 to 4 inches
high, to prevent water from accumulating under the motor air intake
openings.
SUCTION PIPING
General
TYPE Use pipe, tubing or wire-reinforced hose with sufficient
strength to resist collapse under atmospheric pressure differential. All
joints must be air tight.
NOT RECOMMENDED
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
Velocity (ft./sec.)
.66
.99
1.32
1.65
1.97
2.30
2.63
2.96
3.30
3.62
v = gpm x .01645
8 Round Anti-Vortex Plate Sta-Rite No. 07017-0741 Open Flow Area = 8.7 sq. in.
Flow (gpm)
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
Velocity (ft./sec.)
1.48
2.21
2.95
3.69
4.42
5.15
5.90
6.64
7.38
8.12
v = gpm x .0369
50
100
Velocity (ft./sec.)
.43
.86
v = gpm x .00855
150
200
250
300
350
400
500
700
1.28
1.71
2.14
2.57
3.00
3.42
4.28
6.00
100
200
Velocity (ft./sec.)
.31
.61
v = gpm x .003061
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
.92
1.22
1.53
1.84
2.14
2.45
2.76
3.06
23
Installation Considerations
FLOODED SUCTION
A gate valve is used in a pressurized suction pipe as an isolation
valve to permit servicing the pump. Use a bleed valve on top of the
pump volute case to allow trapped air to escape.
RECOMMENDED
NOT RECOMMENDED
DISCHARGE PIPING
TYPE Use pipe, tubing or hose with sufficient strength to contain
the highest anticipated operating pressure.
DISCHARGE PIPE SIZE Because of the increasingly high cost of
the additional energy necessary to overcome the larger friction losses of small pipe, the discharge pipe size is commonly one or more
nominal pipe sizes larger than the discharge opening of the pump.
To determine the optimum size of the discharge pipe, compare the
total cost of the operating system (sum of the pump with driver control, plus the cost of the pipe, plus the cost of the power projected for
the term of operation), for several adjacent pipe sizes.
The number of pipe fittings (elbows, tees, etc.) should be kept to a
minimum to avoid needless energy loss.
PIPE ALIGNMENT Piping and fittings must be naturally aligned
with the pump openings and independently supported to prevent
strain on the pump and driver unit. If necessary, restrain piping system and/or provide expansion joints to protect pump unit against
excessive thermal or pressure growth forces.
DISCHARGE FLOW CONTROL VALVE For throttling of discharge
for flow rate control.
24
Installation Considerations
RECOMMENDED
NOT RECOMMENDED
NOT RECOMMENDED
DISCHARGE PRIMING VALVE Isolates pump case from atmosphere during air evacuation type priming.
RECOMMENDED
25
Installation Considerations
PRIMER CONNECTIONS
PUMP NOT RUNNING
RECOMMENDED
NOT RECOMMENDED
26
55,900
83,880
111,850
139,810
167,770
195,720
223,690
251,650
279,610
83,800
125,820
167,775
209,715
251,655
293,595
335,535
377,475
419,415
111,840
127,760
223,700
279,620
335,540
391,460
447,380
503,300
559,220
139,800
209,700
279,625
349,525
419,435
489,325
559,225
629,125
699,025
30
167,760
251,640
335,550
419,430
503,310
587,190
671,070
754,950
838,830
Temperature
Rise:
10
15
20
25
Pool Size
Heat Loss = Required Heater
Sq. Ft.
Output (BTUs/Hour)
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
21,000
31,500
42,000
52,500
63,000
73,500
84,000
94,500
105,000
31,500
47,250
63,000
78,750
94,500
110,250
126,000
141,750
157,500
42,000
63,000
84,000
105,000
126,000
147,000
168,000
189,000
210,000
52,500
78,750
105,000
131,250
157,500
183,750
210,000
236,250
262,500
30
63,000
94,500
126,000
157,500
189,000
220,500
252,000
283,500
315,000
SR200NA
18
27
35
44
53
62
71
80
89
SR333NA
11
16
21
27
32
37
43
48
53
SR400NA
9
13
18
22
27
31
35
40
44
Note: The chart is based on a 30 F temperature rise, discounting losses and only based on heat requried to raise
temperature in minutes.
Formulas:
Initial Heat Up in a 24 Hour Period
Gallons x 8.33 x Temp Rise = BTU x 24 hrs
= Total BTUs Required
Maintaining Temperaure
Using the chart at the upper right, determine the heat loss
to maintain the desired temperature rise. Then, divide the
heat loss BTUs by the heater efficiency.
126,000 BTU 80% = 157,500 BTU (Heater Size)
Heater Efficiencies
Input x % Efficiency
Heater
Input
BTU/Hr
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
27
75%
75,000
150,000
225,000
300,000
80%
80,000
160,000
240,000
320,000
85%
85,000
170,000
255,000
340,000
90%
90,000
180,000
270,000
360,000
Heater Size
Impute BTU
0-50'
51-100'
100-200'
200-300'
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
3/4"
114"
114"
114"
3/4"
114"
114"
112"
1'
112"
112"
112"
114"
112"
112"
112"
RPM
3.3
5.0
6.7
8.3
10.0
11.7
13.3
CFM
1.67
2.50
3.34
4.17
5.00
5.84
6.67
CFH
100
150
200
250
300
250
400
Heater
Size
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Top Of
Room
100 Sq. In.
150 Sq. In.
200 Sq. In.
250 Sq. In.
300 Sq. In.
350 Sq. In.
400 Sq. In.
Bottom
Of Room
100 Sq. In.
150 Sq. In.
200 Sq. In.
250 Sq. In.
300 Sq. In.
350 Sq. In.
400 Sq. In.
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
Degrees
32.0
13
55.4
26
78.8
39
102.2
52
125.6
65
149.0
78
172.4
91
195.8
33.8
14
57.2
27
80.6
40
104.0
53
127.4
66
150.8
79
174.2
92
197.6
35.6
15
59.0
28
82.4
41
105.8
54
129.2
67
152.6
80
176.0
93
199.4
37.4
16
60.8
29
84.2
42
107.6
55
131.0
68
154.4
81
177.8
94
201.2
39.2
17
62.6
30
86.0
43
109.4
56
132.8
69
156.2
82
179.6
95
203.0
41.0
18
64.4
31
87.8
44
111.2
57
134.6
70
158.0
83
181.4
96
204.8
42.8
19
66.2
32
89.6
45
113.0
58
136.4
71
159.8
84
183.2
97
206.6
44.6
20
68.0
33
91.4
46
114.8
59
138.2
72
161.6
85
185.0
98
208.4
46.4
21
69.8
34
93.2
47
116.6
60
140.0
73
163.4
86
186.8
99
210.2
48.2
22
71.6
35
95.0
48
118.4
61
141.8
74
165.2
87
188.6
100
212.0
10
50.0
23
73.4
36
96.8
49
120.2
62
143.6
75
167.0
88
190.4
11
51.8
24
75.2
37
98.6
50
122.0
63
145.4
76
168.8
89
192.2
12
53.6
25
77.0
38
100.4
51
123.8
64
147.2
77
170.6
90
194.0
28
4 Pipe
1 Pipe
114 Pipe
112 Pipe
2 Pipe
212 Pipe
3 Pipe
4 Pipe
6 Pipe
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
U.S.
Gals.
per
Min.
1
2
3
4
5
.60
1.20
1.80
2.41
3.01
.25
.90
1.92
3.28
5.8
.37
.74
1.11
1.48
1.86
.07
.28
.60
1.02
1.52
....
.43
.64
.86
1.07
....
.07
.16
.25
.39
....
....
.47
.63
.79
....
....
.07
.12
.18
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
15
20
3.61
4.81
6.02
9.02
....
7.0
11.8
17.9
37.8
....
2.33
2.97
3.71
5.57
7.42
2.15
3.6
5.5
11.7
19.9
1.29
1.72
2.15
3.22
4.29
.55
.97
1.46
3.07
4.2
.95
1.25
1.58
2.36
3.15
.25
.46
.69
1.45
2.47
.57
.76
.96
1.43
1.91
.07
.14
.21
.44
.74
....
.54
.67
1.01
1.34
....
.05
.09
.18
.30
....
....
....
.65
.87
....
....
....
.07
.12
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
6
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
....
....
....
....
....
U.S.
GAL.
PER
MIN.
9.28
11.14
30.0
42.0
5.36
6.43
7.51
8.58
9.65
7.9
11.1
14.7
18.9
23.5
3.94
4.73
5.52
6.30
7.09
3.8
5.2
7.0
8.9
11.1
2.39
2.87
3.35
3.82
4.30
1.11
1.55
2.06
2.63
3.28
1.67
2.01
2.35
2.64
3.01
.46
.65
.88
1.11
1.39
1.08
1.30
1.52
1.73
1.95
.16
.23
.30
.39
.48
....
....
.88
1.01
1.13
....
....
.07
.09
.12
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
....
....
....
....
....
700
750
800
850
900
4.37
4.70
4.99
5.37
5.64
.66
.75
.82
.95
1.06
10.72
....
....
....
....
28.5
....
....
....
....
7.88
9.46
11.03
....
....
13.5
18.9
25.1
....
....
4.78
5.74
6.69
7.65
8.60
4.0
5.6
7.4
9.5
11.8
3.35
4.02
4.69
5.35
6.03
1.69
2.36
3.14
4.0
5.0
2.17
2.60
3.04
3.47
3.91
.58
.81
1.09
1.39
1.73
1.26
1.51
1.76
2.02
2.27
.16
.21
.28
.37
.46
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
....
....
....
....
....
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
5.94
6.25
6.57
6.89
7.20
1.23
1.28
1.40
1.51
1.65
....
....
....
....
....
U.S.
GAL.
PER
MIN.
....
....
....
....
9.56
11.95
....
....
....
14.4
21.8
....
....
....
6.70
8.38
10.05
....
....
6.1
9.2
12.8
....
....
4.34
5.42
6.51
7.59
8.68
2.10
3.19
4.5
5.9
7.9
2.52
3.15
3.78
4.41
5.04
.55
.85
1.18
1.57
2.08
1.11
1.39
1.67
1.94
2.22
.07
.12
.16
.21
.28
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
....
....
....
....
....
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
7.51
7.82
8.13
8.45
8.77
1.79
1.94
2.09
2.23
2.37
....
....
....
....
....
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
5.99
6.40
6.80
7.20
7.60
.92
1.03
1.15
1.27
1.41
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
9.76
10.85
....
....
....
9.4
11.5
....
....
....
5.67
6.30
6.93
7.56
8.19
2.52
3.05
3.6
4.3
5.0
2.50
2.78
3.05
3.33
3.61
.35
.42
.48
.58
.67
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
....
....
....
....
....
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
9.08
9.39
9.70
10.00
10.32
2.53
2.68
2.85
3.01
3.21
....
....
....
....
....
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
7.99
8.39
8.80
9.20
9.60
1.54
1.68
1.82
1.99
2.17
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
8.82
9.45
10.08
....
....
5.7
6.5
7.3
....
....
3.89
4.17
4.44
4.72
5.00
.79
.88
.99
1.11
1.22
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
550
600
650
....
....
....
....
....
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
10.64
10.96
11.27
11.58
11.89
3.40
3.59
3.78
3.98
4.19
....
....
....
....
....
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
10.00
10.40
10.79
11.18
11.59
2.34
2.50
2.69
2.88
3.08
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
5.28
5.55
6.11
6.67
7.22
1.36
1.50
1.80
2.10
2.44
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
....
....
....
1950
2000
....
12.21
12.52
....
4.40
4.61
....
....
....
....
3000
3100
3200
11.99
12.39
12.79
3.28
3.32
3.35
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
7.78
8.33
8.89
2.79
3.19
3.6
700
750
800
8 PIPE
10 PIPE
Nominal Diameter
(Inches)
Nominal
Square Inch
Cubic Feet
Water
Gallons Water/
Foot
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
6
8
10
12
0.622
0.824
1.049
1.38
1.61
2.067
2.469
3.068
4.026
6.065
7.961
10.02
11.938
0.303858694
0.53326775
0.864254945
1.49571576
2.03583534
3.355612861
4.787767769
7.39267489
12.73029413
28.89033032
49.77670499
78.85447416
111.9319439
0.00211013
0.003703248
0.00600177
0.010386915
0.014137745
0.023302867
0.033248387
0.05133802
0.08840482
0.200627294
0.345671562
0.547600515
0.777305166
0.01578
0.02770
0.04489
0.07769
0.10575
0.17431
0.24870
0.38401
0.66127
1.50069
2.58562
4.09605
5.81424
29
2 Pipe
4 Pipe
1 Pipe
114 Pipe
112 Pipe
2 Pipe
212 Pipe
3 Pipe
312 Pipe
4 Pipe
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
Vel.
Ft. per
Sec.
Loss
in
Feet
2
4
6
8
10
2.74
5.48
8.23
11.0
13.7
6.72
24.2
51.2
86.9
132.0
1.48
2.97
4.45
5.94
7.42
1.51
5.45
11.5
19.6
29.6
....
1.79
2.68
3.57
4.46
....
1.54
3.34
5.69
8.60
....
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
....
.39
.82
1.39
2.10
....
.73
1.09
1.45
1.82
....
.177
.375
.64
.96
....
....
.65
.87
1.09
....
....
.107
.183
.276
....
....
....
.61
.76
....
....
....
.077
.115
....
....
....
....
.485
....
....
....
....
.039
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
12
15
18
20
25
30
35
....
....
....
....
....
.53
.62
....
.025
.034
8.91
11.1
13.4
14.8
....
....
....
41.5
62.7
87.9
107
....
....
....
5.36
6.7
8.03
8.92
11.2
13.4
15.6
12.0
22.9
25.5
30.9
58.8
65.3
86.9
3.00
3.76
4.50
5.00
6.25
7.50
8.75
2.94
4.45
6.25
7.57
11.4
16.0
21.3
2.18
2.72
3.27
3.63
4.55
5.45
6.38
1.35
2.04
2.86
3.47
5.25
7.38
9.78
1.30
1.63
1.96
2.17
2.71
3.26
3.80
.387
.585
.818
.996
1.51
2.11
2.81
.91
1.14
1.36
1.51
1.9
2.27
2.65
.161
.243
.340
.414
.625
.874
1.16
.572
.727
.873
.97
1.21
1.44
1.70
.055
.083
.116
.140
.212
.297
.396
....
.54
.65
.72
.90
1.08
1.26
....
.035
.056
.068
.103
.145
.192
....
....
....
.56
.695
.84
.973
....
....
....
.037
.055
.077
.103
40
45
50
55
60
65
.71
.795
.88
.973
1.06
1.15
.043
.054
.065
.078
.091
.106
.62
.676
.74
.80
.027
.032
.039
.044
17.9
....
....
....
....
....
111
....
....
....
....
....
10.0
11.2
12.5
13.7
15.0
16.1
27.3
33.9
41.3
49.2
57.8
67.0
7.26
8.26
9.08
10.0
10.9
11.8
12.5
15.6
18.9
32.0
26.5
30.7
4.35
4.89
5.43
5.98
6.52
7.06
3.59
4.46
5.41
6.44
7.61
8.84
3.03
3.41
3.79
4.16
4.54
4.92
1.49
1.86
2.25
2.68
3.16
3.66
1.94
2.18
2.42
2.67
2.92
3.14
.507
.629
.766
.912
1.07
1.25
1.44
1.63
1.80
1.99
2.17
2.35
.246
.306
.372
.443
.522
.604
1.12
1.25
1.40
1.53
1.67
1.81
.132
.164
.199
.237
.279
.323
70
75
80
85
90
95
1.23
1.33
1.41
1.50
1.59
1.67
.121
.138
.155
.174
.193
.213
.86
.923
.98
1.04
1.11
1.20
.051
.057
.065
.072
.080
.089
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
17.5
18.8
20.0
21.2
22.5
....
77.1
87.4
98.2
110
122
....
12.7
13.6
14.5
15.4
16.3
17.2
35.3
40.1
45.2
50.3
55.9
62.0
7.61
8.15
8.69
9.03
9.78
10.3
10.1
11.5
12.9
14.5
16.1
17.8
5.30
5.68
6.05
6.43
6.81
7.19
4.20
4.79
5.36
6.02
6.53
7.38
3.39
3.64
3.88
4.10
4.33
4.57
1.43
1.62
1.83
2.04
2.27
2.51
2.53
2.70
2.89
3.05
3.25
3.42
.691
.787
.888
.992
1.10
1.21
1.95
2.08
2.23
2.34
2.51
2.64
.371
.421
.475
.531
.592
.652
100
110
120
130
140
150
1.76
1.95
2.11
2.3
2.47
2.65
.234
.279
.329
.381
.437
.496
1.23
1.36
1.48
1.60
1.72
1.85
.098
.117
.137
.159
.182
.207
....
....
....
.98
1.05
....
.047
.054
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
18.2
20.0
21.8
23.6
25.4
....
68.2
81.3
95.4
111
127
....
10.9
12.0
13.0
14.1
15.2
16.3
19.6
23.4
27.4
31.8
36.5
41.5
7.57
8.33
9.08
9.84
10.6
11.3
8.13
9.68
11.4
13.2
15.1
17.2
4.85
5.33
5.80
6.30
6.80
7.27
2.76
3.29
3.87
4.48
5.12
5.87
3.67
3.97
4.33
4.69
5.05
5.41
1.34
1.60
1.88
2.18
2.50
2.84
2.79
3.07
3.35
3.63
3.91
4.19
.719
.855
1.00
1.16
1.33
1.52
160
170
180
190
200
220
2.82
3.0
3.16
3.36
3.52
3.88
.559
.626
.696
.769
.846
1.01
1.97
2.08
2.22
2.34
2.46
2.71
.234
.261
.290
.321
.353
.421
1.12
1.19
1.26
1.33
1.41
1.55
.059
.067
.074
.082
.091
.108
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
17.4
18.5
19.6
20.6
21.7
23.9
46.7
52.2
58.3
64.4
70.5
84.1
12.1
12.9
13.6
14.4
15.1
16.7
19.4
21.7
24.1
26.6
29.3
34.9
7.75
8.20
8.60
9.20
9.70
10.6
6.58
7.37
8.18
9.05
9.96
11.9
5.78
6.14
6.50
6.85
7.22
7.94
3.20
3.58
3.97
4.39
4.84
5.78
4.47
4.75
5.02
5.30
5.58
6.14
1.71
1.91
2.12
2.35
2.58
3.08
240
260
280
300
320
340
4.23
4.58
4.94
5.29
5.64
5.99
1.18
1.37
1.57
1.79
2.01
2.26
2.96
3.20
3.45
3.69
3.94
4.19
.484
.573
.658
.747
.841
.940
1.69
1.83
1.97
2.11
2.24
2.39
.126
.147
.168
.191
.215
.240
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
26.1
28.3
....
....
....
....
98.7
115
....
....
....
....
18.2
19.7
21.2
22.7
24.2
25.8
41.0
47.5
54.5
62.0
69.9
78.2
11.6
12.6
13.5
14.4
15.5
16.3
13.9
16.2
18.6
21.1
23.7
26.6
8.66
9.38
10.1
10.8
11.5
12.3
6.77
7.85
9.02
10.2
11.5
12.9
6.70
7.26
7.82
8.38
8.94
9.50
3.62
4.19
4.79
5.45
6.16
6.91
360
380
400
450
500
550
6.35
6.70
7.05
7.95
8.82
9.70
2.51
2.77
3.05
3.79
4.61
5.50
4.43
4.68
4.93
5.54
6.16
6.77
1.05
1.16
1.27
1.58
1.92
2.29
2.64
2.68
2.81
3.16
3.51
3.86
.261
.295
.325
.404
.493
.587
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
27.2
28.8
30.3
....
....
....
86.9
96.1
106
....
....
....
17.4
18.6
19.4
21.8
23.2
26.5
29.5
32.6
35.9
44.6
54.1
64.9
13.0
13.7
14.4
16.2
18.1
19.9
14.3
15.8
17.4
21.6
26.3
31.4
10.0
10.6
11.2
12.5
14.0
15.3
7.66
8.46
9.31
11.6
14.1
16.8
600
650
700
750
800
850
10.6
11.5
12.3
13.2
14.1
15.0
6.44
7.47
8.60
9.77
11.0
12.3
7.39
8.00
8.63
9.24
9.85
10.5
2.69
3.12
3.58
4.07
4.58
5.12
4.22
4.57
4.92
5.27
5.62
5.97
.686
.799
.916
1.04
1.17
1.31
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
29.1
....
....
....
....
....
76.1
....
....
....
....
....
21.7
23.5
25.3
27.1
28.9
30.7
36.9
42.8
48.9
55.9
61.6
70.5
16.7
18.1
19.5
20.9
22.3
23.7
19.7
22.9
26.2
29.8
33.6
37.6
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
15.9
16.7
17.6
19.4
21.1
....
13.7
15.1
16.6
19.8
23.3
....
11.1
11.7
12.3
13.5
14.8
....
5.69
6.29
6.91
8.27
9.73
....
6.32
6.67
7.03
7.83
8.43
9.13
1.46
1.61
1.77
2.11
2.48
2.87
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
25.1
....
....
....
....
....
41.8
....
....
....
....
....
1400
1500
1600
1800
2000
2200
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
9.83
10.5
11.2
12.6
14.1
15.5
3.30
3.75
4.23
5.26
6.39
7.80
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
2400
....
....
....
....
16.9
8.93
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
5 PIPE
6 PIPE
8 PIPE
3.023
C 1.852
V 1.852
D 1.167
using C-150.
For water at 60 F. Where H = head loss, V = fluid velocity ft./sec., D = diameter of pipe, ft.
C = coefficient representing roughness of pipe interior surface.
30
1
2 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
2.10
7.4
4.21
27.0
6.31
57.0
8.42
98.0
10.52 147.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
8 PIPE
....
....
.90
.96
1.02
1.08
1.15
1.21
1.28
1.40
1.53
1.66
1.79
1.91
....
2.18
2.30
2.43
2.60
2.92
3.19
3.52
3.84
4.16
4.46
4.80
5.10
5.48
5.75
6.06
6.38
7.03
7.66
8.30
8.95
9.58
10.21
11.50
12.78
14.05
15.32
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.08
.09
.10
.11
.13
.14
.15
.18
.22
.25
.28
.32
....
.41
.45
.50
.54
.68
.82
.97
1.14
1.34
1.54
1.74
1.90
2.20
2.46
2.87
2.97
3.52
4.17
4.85
5.50
6.24
7.00
8.78
10.71
12.78
14.2
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
3
4 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
1.20
1.9
2.41
7.0
3.61
14.7
4.81
25.0
6.02
38.0
7.22
53.0
9.02
80.0
10.84 108.2
12.03 136.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
10 PIPE
....
....
.90
.98
1.06
1.15
1.22
....
1.39
1.47
1.55
1.63
1.84
2.04
2.24
2.45
2.65
2.86
3.06
3.26
3.47
3.67
3.88
4.08
4.49
4.90
5.31
5.71
6.12
6.53
7.35
8.16
8.98
9.80
10.61
11.41
12.24
13.05
14.30
15.51
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.06
.07
.08
.09
.11
....
.14
.15
.17
.19
.23
.28
.33
.39
.45
.52
.59
.66
.75
.83
.91
1.03
1.19
1.40
1.62
1.87
2.13
2.39
2.95
3.59
4.24
5.04
5.81
6.70
7.62
7.8
10.08
13.4
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
1 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
1.49
2.14
2.23
4.55
2.98
7.8
3.72
11.7
4.46
16.4
5.60
25.0
6.69
35.0
7.44
42.0
9.30
64.0
11.15
89.0
13.02 119.0
14.88 152.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
12 PIPE
....
1.08
1.14
1.28
1.42
1.56
1.70
1.84
1.99
2.13
2.27
2.41
2.56
2.70
2.84
3.13
3.41
3.69
3.98
4.26
4.55
5.11
5.68
6.25
6.81
7.38
7.95
8.52
9.10
9.95
10.80
11.92
12.78
14.20
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.069
.075
.095
.113
.135
.159
.19
.22
.24
.27
.31
.34
.38
.41
.49
.58
.67
.78
.89
.98
1.21
1.49
1.81
2.08
2.43
2.75
3.15
3.51
4.16
4.90
5.88
6.90
8.40
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
114 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
.86
.57
1.29
1.20
1.72
2.03
2.14
3.05
2.57
4.3
3.21
6.5
3.86
9.1
4.29
11.1
5.36
16.6
6.43
23.0
7.51
31.2
8.58
40.0
9.65
50.0
10.72
60.0
11.78
72.0
12.87
85.0
13.92
99.7
15.01
113.0
16.06
129.0
17.16
145.0
18.21
163.8
19.30
180.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
14 PIPE
....
....
1.04
1.15
1.25
1.37
1.46
1.58
1.67
1.79
1.88
2.00
2.10
2.31
2.52
2.71
2.92
3.15
3.34
3.75
4.17
4.59
5.00
5.47
5.84
6.01
6.68
7.30
7.98
8.76
9.45
10.50
11.55
12.60
13.65
14.60
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.06
.07
.08
.09
.10
.11
.13
.14
.16
.18
.19
.23
.27
.32
.36
.41
.47
.58
.71
.84
.99
1.17
1.32
1.49
1.67
1.97
2.36
2.77
3.22
3.92
4.65
5.50
6.45
7.08
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
112 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
.63
.26
.94
.56
1.26
.95
1.57
1.43
1.89
2.01
2.36
3.00
2.83
4.24
3.15
5.20
3.80
7.30
4.72
11.0
5.51
14.7
6.30
18.8
7.08
23.2
7.87
28.4
8.66
34.0
9.44
39.6
10.23
45.9
11.02
53.0
11.80
60.0
12.59
68.0
13.38
75.0
14.71
84.0
14.95
93.0
15.74 102.0
17.31 122.0
18.89 143.0
20.46 166.0
22.04 190.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
16 PIPE
1.36
1.44
1.52
1.60
1.76
1.92
2.08
2.24
2.39
2.56
2.87
3.19
3.51
3.83
4.15
4.47
4.79
5.12
5.59
6.07
6.70
7.18
8.01
8.78
9.58
10.39
11.18
12.78
14.37
15.96
....
....
....
....
....
.08
.084
.095
.10
.12
.14
.17
.19
.21
.24
.30
.37
.44
.52
.60
.68
.78
.88
1.04
1.20
1.44
1.64
2.03
2.39
2.79
3.32
3.70
4.74
5.90
7.19
....
....
....
....
....
2 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
.61
.20
.82
.33
1.02
.50
1.23
.79
1.53
1.08
1.84
1.49
2.04
1.82
2.55
2.73
3.06
3.84
3.57
5.10
4.08
6.6
4.60
8.2
5.11
9.9
5.62
11.8
6.13
13.9
6.64
16.1
7.15
18.4
7.66
20.9
8.17
23.7
8.68
26.5
9.19
29.4
9.70
32.6
10.21
35.8
11.23
42.9
12.25
50.0
13.28
58.0
14.30
67.0
15.32
76.0
16.34
86.0
17.36
96.0
18.38 107.0
19.40 118.0
20.42 129.0
22.47 154.0
24.51 182.0
26.55 211.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
20 PIPE
1.02
1.12
1.23
1.33
1.43
1.53
1.63
1.84
2.04
2.25
2.45
2.66
2.86
3.08
3.27
3.59
3.88
4.29
4.60
5.13
5.64
6.13
6.64
7.15
8.17
9.20
10.20
12.25
14.30
....
....
....
.04
.04
.05
.06
0.64
.07
.08
.10
.12
.15
.17
.20
.23
.27
.30
.35
.41
.49
.56
.68
.82
.94
1.10
1.25
1.61
2.01
2.44
3.41
4.54
....
....
....
212 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
....
....
.52
.11
.65
.17
.78
.23
.98
.36
1.18
.50
1.31
.61
1.63
.92
1.96
1.29
2.29
1.72
2.61
2.20
2.94
2.80
3.27
3.32
3.59
4.01
3.92
4.65
4.24
5.4
4.58
6.2
4.91
7.1
5.23
7.9
5.56
8.1
5.88
9.8
6.21
10.8
6.54
12.0
7.18
14.5
7.84
16.8
8.48
18.7
9.15
22.3
9.81
25.5
10.46
29.0
11.11
34.1
11.76
35.7
12.42
39.6
13.07
43.1
14.38
52.0
15.69
61.0
16.99
70.0
18.30
81.0
19.61
92.0
20.92 103.0
22.22 116.0
23.53 128.0
24.84 142.0
26.14 156.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
24 PIPE
....
1.28
1.42
1.56
1.70
1.84
1.98
2.13
2.26
2.49
2.69
2.99
3.20
3.54
3.90
4.25
4.61
4.97
5.68
6.35
7.07
8.50
9.95
11.38
12.76
14.20
....
.04
.05
.06
.07
.08
.09
.10
.12
.14
.17
.20
.22
.27
.33
.38
.45
.52
.66
.81
.98
1.40
1.87
2.40
2.97
3.60
3 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.45
.07
.54
.10
.68
.15
.82
.21
.91
.25
1.13
.38
1.36
.54
1.59
.71
1.82
.91
2.04
1.15
2.27
1.38
2.45
1.58
2.72
1.92
2.89
2.16
3.18
2.57
3.33
3.00
3.63
3.28
3.78
3.64
4.09
4.08
4.22
4.33
4.54
4.96
5.00
6.0
5.45
7.0
5.91
8.1
6.35
9.2
6.82
10.5
7.26
11.8
7.71
13.3
8.17
14.0
8.63
15.5
9.08
17.8
9.99
21.3
10.89
25.1
11.80
29.1
12.71
33.4
13.62
38.0
14.52
42.8
15.43
47.9
16.34
53.0
17.25
59.0
18.16
65.0
20.40
78.0
22.70
98.0
24.96 117.0
27.23 137.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
30 PIPE
....
....
1.09
1.16
1.27
1.37
1.46
1.56
1.73
1.91
2.04
2.26
2.50
2.73
2.96
3.18
3.64
4.08
4.54
5.46
6.37
7.28
8.18
9.10
....
....
.02
0.27
.03
.037
.041
.47
.05
.07
.08
.09
.11
.13
.15
.17
.23
.28
.33
.48
.63
.81
1.02
1.23
4 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.51
.06
.64
.09
.77
.13
.89
.17
1.02
.22
1.15
.28
1.28
.34
1.41
.41
1.53
.47
1.66
.53
1.79
.63
1.91
.73
2.04
.81
2.17
.91
2.30
1.00
2.42
1.12
2.55
1.22
2.81
1.46
3.06
1.17
3.31
1.97
3.57
2.28
3.82
2.62
4.08
2.91
4.33
3.26
4.60
3.61
4.84
4.01
5.11
4.4
5.62
5.2
6.13
6.2
6.64
7.2
7.15
8.2
7.66
9.3
8.17
10.5
8.68
11.7
9.19
13.1
9.69
14.0
10.21
16.0
11.49
19.8
12.77
24.0
14.04
28.7
15.32
33.7
16.59
39.0
17.87
44.9
19.15
51.0
20.42
57.0
21.70
64.0
22.98
71.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
5 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.49
.04
.57
.06
.65
.08
.73
.09
.82
.11
.90
.14
.98
.16
1.06
.19
1.14
.21
1.22
.24
1.31
.27
1.39
.31
1.47
.34
1.55
.38
1.63
.41
1.79
.49
1.96
.58
2.12
.67
2.29
.76
2.45
.88
2.61
.98
2.77
1.08
2.94
1.22
3.10
1.35
3.27
1.48
3.59
1.77
3.92
2.08
4.25
2.41
4.58
2.77
4.90
3.14
5.23
3.54
5.54
3.97
5.87
4.41
6.19
4.86
6.54
5.4
7.35
6.7
8.17
8.1
8.99
9.6
9.80
11.3
10.62
13.2
11.44
15.1
12.26
17.2
13.07
19.4
13.89
21.7
14.71
24.0
15.52
26.7
16.34
29.2
17.97
34.9
19.61
40.9
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
31
6 Pipe
Vel.
Loss
Ft. per
in
Sec.
Feet
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.57
.04
.62
.05
.68
.06
.74
.076
.79
.08
.85
.10
.91
.11
.96
.12
1.02
.14
1.08
.15
1.13
.17
1.25
.21
1.36
.24
1.47
.27
1.59
.32
1.70
.36
1.82
.40
1.92
.45
2.04
.50
2.16
.55
2.27
.62
2.50
.73
2.72
.87
2.95
1.00
3.18
1.14
3.40
1.32
3.64
1.47
3.84
1.62
4.08
1.83
4.31
2.00
4.55
2.20
5.11
2.74
5.68
2.90
6.25
3.96
6.81
4.65
7.38
5.40
7.95
6.21
8.50
7.12
9.08
7.96
9.65
8.95
10.20 10.11
10.77 11.20
11.34 12.04
12.48 14.55
13.61 17.10
14.72
18.4
15.90 22.60
17.02 25.60
18.10
26.9
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity,
Feet
per
Second
1
2
3
4.7
16
33
11
37
76
2.53
5.1
7.6
1.3
3.5
9.0
3.0
10
21
1.47
2.9
4.4
.47
1.6
3.3
1.1
3.7
7.6
.961
1.9
2.9
.25
.85
1.7
.58
2.0
3.9
.736
1.5
2.2
4
5
6
55
80
110
130
180
250
10.1
12.7
15.2
15
22
31
36
51
72
5.9
7.9
8.8
5.5
8.0
11
13
18
25
3.8
4.8
5.8
2.8
4.2
5.8
6.5
9.7
13
2.9
3.7
4.4
7
8
9
150
190
230
350
440
530
17.7
20.2
22.8
40
50
62
92
115
140
10.3
11.8
13.2
15
19
23
35
44
53
6.7
7.7
8.6
7.5
9.3
11
17
21
25
5.2
5.9
6.6
10
15
20
280
650
25.3
79
160
180
370
14.7
22.0
28
59
95
65
140
220
9.6
14.4
19.2
14
30
50
32
69
120
7.4
10.1
14.7
25
30
140
320
24.0
75
100
170
230
18.4
22.1
114
112
1
2
3
.065
.23
.45
.15
.52
1.0
.413
.83
1.2
.07
.15
.16
.35
.53
.79
.063
.15
.56
4
5
6
.75
1.1
1.5
1.7
2.5
3.5
1.7
2.1
2.5
.25
.36
.50
.58
.83
1.2
1.1
1.3
1.6
.10
.16
.22
.23
.37
.51
.75
.93
1.1
.042
.058
.10
.13
.53
.64
7
8
9
2.0
2.5
3.1
4.6
5.7
7.2
2.9
3.3
3.7
.65
.80
1.0
1.5
1.8
2.3
1.8
2.1
2.4
.28
.36
.44
.65
.83
1.0
1.3
1.5
1.7
.073
.098
.11
.17
.21
.25
.74
.85
.95
10
15
20
3.7
7.4
13
8.5
18
30
4.1
6.6
8.3
1.3
2.5
4.2
3.0
5.8
9.7
2.6
4.0
5.3
.52
1.1
1.8
1.2
2.5
4.2
1.9
2.8
3.7
.15
.30
.50
.35
.69
1.2
1.1
1.6
2.1
25
30
35
18
25
34
42
57
78
10.3
12.4
14.5
6.1
8.5
11
14
20
25
6.6
7.9
9.2
2.6
3.6
4.8
6.0
8.3
11.0
4.7
5.6
6.7
.70
.95
1.3
1.6
2.2
3.0
2.7
3.2
3.7
40
45
50
41
51
61
95
120
140
16.5
18.6
20.7
14
16
20
32
37
46
10.6
11.9
13.2
6.0
7.2
8.9
14.0
17.0
21.0
7.5
8.4
9.3
1.6
1.9
2.4
3.7
4.4
5.5
4.2
4.8
5.3
60
70
80
29
36
46
67
83
105
15.8
18.5
21.1
12
16
20
28.0
37.0
46.0
11.2
13.1
15.0
3.3
4.2
5.2
7.6
9.7
12
6.4
7.4
8.5
90
100
150
200
25
30
58
69
16.8
18.7
6.5
8.0
16
27
15
18
37
62
9.5
10.6
15.9
21.2
Note: To avoid erosion of copper pipe, velocities should not exceed eight feet per second. Where long pipe runs are encountered,
make selection in minimum head loss range.
32
Lost
Head,
Feet
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
.05
.10
.17
.24
.33
.44
.53
.65
.80
1.1
1.5
1.8
2.3
2.9
6.0
9.8
14
20
212
.12
.23
.39
.55
.76
1.0
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.5
3.5
4.2
5.3
6.7
14
23
32
46
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
.023
.027
.033
.044
.060
.071
.090
.11
.23
.39
.55
.80
1.0
1.3
1.6
1.9
2.7
3.5
4.3
5.2
6.1
13
5
.05
.06
.08
.10
.14
.16
.21
.25
.53
.90
1.3
1.8
2.3
3.0
3.7
4.4
6.2
8.1
10
12
14
30
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
.69
1.0
1.4
1.7
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.1
3.5
4.2
4.9
5.6
6.3
7.0
10.5
14.0
17.5
21.0
.71
.80
.89
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.7
3.5
4.4
5.3
6.2
7.1
7.8
8.9
10.6
12.4
14.2
15.9
17.7
26.6
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
.025
.047
0.75
.10
.15
.20
.25
.30
.38
.50
.68
.85
1.0
1.3
2.6
4.3
6.2
9.0
11
15
18
3
.06
.11
.17
.23
.35
.46
.57
.69
.88
1.2
1.5
2.0
2.3
3.0
6.0
10
14
21
25
35
42
.48
.72
.97
1.2
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.2
2.4
2.9
3.4
3.8
4.3
4.8
7.2
9.7
12.1
14.5
16.9
19.3
21.7
.020
.026
.033
.042
.049
.10
.17
.24
.35
.45
.56
.70
.85
1.1
1.5
1.9
2.3
2.8
5.8
9.5
.05
.06
.08
.10
.11
.23
.39
.55
.81
1.0
1.3
1.6
2.0
2.5
3.5
4.4
5.3
6.5
13
22
.73
.85
.98
1.1
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.1
3.7
4.3
4.9
5.5
6.1
7.3
8.5
9.8
11.0
12.2
18.3
24.4
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity,
Feet
per
Second
0.40
0.55
0.75
.10
.12
.15
.18
.25
.34
.42
.50
.61
1.3
2.0
3.0
4.3
5.5
7.0
8.5
10
15
312
.09
.13
.17
.23
.28
.35
.42
.58
.78
.97
1.2
1.4
3.0
4.6
6.9
10
13
16
20
23
35
.71
.89
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.5
2.8
3.2
3.6
5.3
7.1
8.9
10.7
12.4
14.2
16.0
17.8
21.3
.040
.050
.062
.075
.095
.13
.17
.21
.26
.32
.65
1.1
1.6
2.2
3.0
3.6
4.5
5.5
7.5
9.5
12
.09
.12
.14
.17
.22
.30
.39
.48
.60
.74
1.5
2.5
3.7
5.1
6.9
8.3
10
13
17
22
28
.82
.96
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.9
2.2
2.5
2.7
4.1
5.5
6.9
8.2
9.6
11.0
12.2
13.7
16.4
19.2
21.9
.013
.027
.045
.063
.09
.12
.15
.18
.22
.30
.40
.50
.60
.75
1.6
2.6
3.8
5.0
.03
.06
.10
.15
.21
.28
.35
.42
.51
.69
.92
1.2
1.4
1.7
3.7
6.0
8.8
12
.71
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.1
2.5
2.8
3.2
3.5
4.3
5.0
5.7
6.4
7.1
10.7
14.2
17.8
21.3
.016
.023
.032
.041
.051
.061
.076
.10
.14
.17
.21
.26
.54
.90
1.3
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.7
10
.04
.05
.07
.09
.12
.14
.18
.23
.32
.39
.48
.60
1.2
2.1
3.0
4.2
5.5
6.9
8.5
.91
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.3
2.8
3.2
3.7
4.1
4.6
6.9
9.2
10.5
13.8
16.0
18.3
20.6
Note: To avoid erosion of copper pipe, velocities should not exceed eight feet per second. Where long pipe runs are encountered,
make selection in minimum head loss range.
33
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity,
Feet
per
Second
1
2
3
.35
12
24
8.1
28
55
2.21
4.4
6.6
1.1
3.8
7.7
2.5
8.8
18
1.38
2.8
4.1
.43
1.5
3.0
1.0
3.5
6.9
.920
1.8
2.8
.20
.69
1.4
.46
1.6
3.2
.663
1.3
2.0
4
5
6
40
60
82
92
140
190
8.8
11.0
13.3
13
19
26
30
44
60
5.5
6.9
8.3
4.9
7.0
10
11
16
23
3.7
4.6
5.5
2.2
3.4
4.6
5.1
7.8
11
2.7
3.3
4.0
7
8
9
105
130
170
240
300
390
15.5
17.7
19.9
35
42
53
81
97
120
9.7
11.0
12.4
12
16
20
28
37
46
6.4
7.4
8.3
6.0
7.5
9.1
14
17
21
4.6
5.3
6.0
10
15
20
200
460
22.1
65
130
150
300
13.8
20.7
25
50
85
58
115
200
9.2
13.8
18.4
11
23
39
25
50
90
6.6
10.0
13.3
25
30
35
120
280
23.0
58
80
100
130
180
230
16.6
19.9
23.2
114
112
1
2
3
.055
.19
.40
.13
.44
.92
.389
.78
1.2
.075
.14
.17
.32
.510
.77
.060
.14
.54
4
5
6
.62
.93
1.3
1.4
2.2
3.0
1.6
1.9
2.3
.22
.32
.45
.51
.74
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.5
.10
.15
.20
.23
.35
.46
.72
.90
1.1
.040
.055
.092
.13
.520
.63
7
8
9
1.7
2.0
2.6
3.9
4.6
6.0
2.7
3.1
3.5
.59
.74
.90
1.4
1.7
2.1
1.8
2.0
2.3
.26
.33
.41
.60
.76
.95
1.3
1.5
1.6
.070
.090
.11
.16
.21
.25
.73
.83
.94
10
15
20
3.2
6.4
10
7.4
15
23
3.9
5.8
7.8
1.1
2.2
3.7
2.5
5.1
8.5
2.6
3.8
5.1
.50
1.0
1.7
1.2
2.3
3.9
1.8
2.7
3.6
.14
.28
.45
.32
.64
1.0
1.0
1.6
2.1
25
30
35
16
22
28
37
51
65
9.7
10.7
13.6
5.5
7.5
10
13
17
23
6.4
7.7
8.9
2.5
3.5
4.6
5.8
8.1
11
4.5
5.4
6.3
.69
.90
1.2
1.6
2.1
2.8
2.6
3.1
3.6
40
45
50
35
45
55
81
105
127
15.6
17.5
19.5
13
15
19
30
35
44
10.2
11.5
12.8
5.6
7.0
8.5
13
16
20
7.2
8.1
9.0
1.5
1.8
2.2
3.5
4.4
5.1
4.2
4.7
5.2
60
70
80
26
33
40
60
76
92
15.3
17.8
20.4
11
15
19
25
35
44
10.8
12.6
14.4
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.9
9.2
12
6.2
7.3
8.3
90
100
150
200
24
29
55
67
16.2
18.0
6.0
7.5
15
26
14
17
35
60
9.4
10.4
15.6
20.8
Note: To avoid erosion of copper pipe, velocities should not exceed eight feet per second. Where long pipe runs are encountered,
make selection in minimum head loss range.
34
Lost
Head,
Feet
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
.05
.10
.17
.25
.33
.45
.55
.67
.80
1.1
1.5
1.8
2.2
2.8
5.6
9.1
14
19
212
.11
.23
.39
.58
.76
1.0
1.3
1.6
1.8
2.5
3.5
4.2
5.1
6.5
13
21
32
44
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
.021
.026
.032
.045
.056
.07
.09
.11
.22
.36
.54
.75
.96
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.5
3.3
4.0
5.0
6.0
12
5
.05
.06
.07
.10
.13
.16
.20
.25
.50
.83
1.3
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.5
4.2
5.8
7.6
9.2
12
14
28
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
.673
1.01
1.4
1.7
2.0
2.4
2.8
3.0
3.4
4.0
4.7
5.4
6.1
6.7
10.1
13.5
16.8
20.2
.69
.77
.86
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.7
2.6
3.4
4.3
5.1
6.0
6.9
7.7
8.6
10.3
12.0
13.8
16.5
17.2
25.8
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
.02
.04
.07
.10
.15
.19
.24
.29
.35
.48
.60
.76
.95
1.2
2.4
4.0
6.0
8.5
11
14
16
3
.05
.10
.16
.23
.35
.44
.55
.67
.81
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.8
5.5
9.2
14
20
25
32
37
.471
.71
.94
1.2
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.3
3.8
4.2
4.7
7.1
9.4
11.8
14.1
16.5
18.8
21.2
.019
.025
.031
.039
.047
.094
.16
.23
.32
.42
.52
.64
.77
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.1
2.7
5.4
9.0
.04
.06
.07
.09
.11
.22
.37
.53
.74
.97
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.5
3.2
4.2
4.8
6.2
12.4
21
.72
.84
.96
1.1
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.6
4.2
4.8
5.4
6.0
7.2
8.4
9.6
10.8
12.0
18.0
24.0
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity, Pressure
Feet
Drop,
per
Lb. per
Second Sq. In.
Lost
Head,
Feet
Velocity,
Feet
per
Second
.036
.051
.07
.09
.12
.14
.17
.24
.31
.40
.49
.57
1.2
2.0
2.9
4.0
5.1
6.8
8.0
10.0
14.0
312
.08
.12
.16
.21
.28
.32
.39
.55
.72
.92
1.1
1.3
2.8
4.6
6.7
9.2
12
16
18
23
32
.70
.87
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.1
3.5
5.2
7.0
8.7
10.5
12.2
14.0
15.7
17.5
20.9
.038
.050
.060
.073
.088
.13
.16
.20
.25
.30
.60
1.1
1.5
2.1
2.8
3.5
4.3
5.2
7.0
9.0
11.0
.09
.12
.14
.17
.20
.30
.37
.46
.58
.69
1.4
2.5
3.5
4.8
6.5
8.1
10
12
16
21
23
.81
.94
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.9
2.2
2.4
2.7
4.0
5.4
6.7
8.1
9.4
10.8
12.1
13.5
16.1
18.8
21.5
.013
.026
.043
.06
.085
.11
.14
.17
.21
.29
.38
.48
.57
.70
1.5
2.4
3.5
5.0
.030
.060
.10
.14
.20
.25
.32
.39
.48
.65
.88
1.1
1.3
1.6
3.5
5.5
8.1
12
.68
1.0
1.4
1.7
2.1
2.4
2.7
3.1
3.4
4.1
4.8
5.5
6.2
6.8
10.3
13.8
17.1
20.5
.015
.021
.03
.04
.05
.06
.075
.10
.14
.16
.20
.25
.50
.85
1.3
1.7
2.3
2.8
3.5
10
.035
.048
.069
.092
.12
.14
.17
.23
.32
.37
.46
.58
1.2
2.0
3.0
3.9
5.3
6.5
8.1
.88
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.7
3.1
3.5
4.0
4.4
6.6
8.8
11.0
13.2
15.4
17.6
19.8
Note: To avoid erosion of copper pipe, velocities should not exceed eight feet per second. Where long pipe runs are encountered,
make selection in minimum head loss range.
35
Steel
2.3
3.1
3.6
114
112
212
4.4
5.2
6.6
7.4
8.5
9.3
11.0
13.0
9.0
11.0
4.4
5.9
3.6
4.8
4.0
4.6
3.3
3.7
3.4
4.2
2.8
3.4
4.0
5.5
3.3
4.5
2.6
3.5
2.1
2.9
12.0
17.0
9.9
14.0
2.2
2.8
1.9
2.2
21.0
14.0
17.0
C.I.
Flanged
Steel
.92
1.2
1.6
2.1
2.4
3.1
3.6
C.I.
Long
Screwed
Radius
90 Ell
Steel
1.5
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.7
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.6
C.I.
Flanged
Steel
1.1
1.3
1.6
2.0
2.3
2.7
2.9
C.I.
Screwed
Regular
45 Ell
Steel
.34
.52
.71
.92
1.3
1.7
2.1
2.7
3.2
C.I.
Flanged
Steel
.45
.59
.81
1.1
1.3
1.7
2.0
C.I.
Screwed
Tee-Line
Flow
Steel
.79
1.2
1.7
2.4
3.2
4.6
5.6
7.7
9.3
C.I.
Flanged
Steel
.69
.82
1.0
1.3
1.5
1.8
1.9
C.I.
Tee-
Screwed
Branch
Flow
Steel
2.4
3.5
4.2
5.3
6.6
8.7
9.9
C.I.
Flanged
Steel
2.0
2.6
3.3
4.4
5.2
6.6
7.5
C.I.
Screwed
180
Steel
2.3
3.1
3.6
4.4
5.2
6.6
7.4
8.5
9.3
C.I.
Return
Regular
Steel
Bend
Flanged
C.I.
.92
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.6
1.6
2.1
2.0
C.I.
36
2.4
2.3
3.1
2.7
3.6
2.9
7.3
8.9
7.2
9.8
12.0 15.0
5.7
7.0
8.0
9.0
4.7
5.7
6.8
7.8
5.6
7.7
9.0
11.0
4.5
6.3
8.1
9.7
3.8
4.7
5.2
6.0
2.1
3.9
4.6
5.2
5.0
4.5
3.3
10
12
9.4
7.7
10.0
11.0
13.0
9.0
11.0
4.4
5.9
3.6
4.8
3.4
4.2
2.8
3.4
7.3
5.0
8.9
7.2
9.8
12.0 15.0
5.7
7.0
8.0
9.0
4.7
5.7
6.8
7.8
Steel
21.0
22.0
22.0
114
112
24.0
29.0
37.0
42.0
212
54.0 62.0
C.I.
Valve
Flanged
Steel
38.0
40.0
45.0
54.0
59.0
70.0 77.0
Gate
Steel
.32
.45
.56
.67
.84
1.1
1.2
1.5
1.7
C.I.
Valve
Flanged
Steel
2.6
2.7
C.I.
Screwed
Angle
Steel
12.8
15.0
15.0
15.0
17.0
18.0
18.0
18.0 18.0
C.I.
Valve
Flanged
Steel
15.0
15.0
17.0
18.0
18.0
21.0 22.0
C.I.
Swing
Screwed
Check
Steel
7.2
7.3
8.0
8.8
11.0
13.0
15.0
19.0 22.0
C.I.
Valve
Flanged
Steel
3.8
5.3
7.2
10.0
12.0
17.0 21.0
C.I.
Coupling
Screwed
or Union
Steel
.14
.18
.21
.24
.29
.36
.39
.45
.47
C.I.
Bell Mouth Steel
Inlet
C.I.
Square
Steel
Mouth Inlet
C.I.
Re-Entrapment
Steel
Pipe
C.I.
Sudden
Enlargement
.04
.44
.88
.07
.68
1.4
.10
.96
1.9
.13
1.3
2.6
b=
.18
1.8
3.6
.26
2.6
5.1
.31
3.1
6.2
.43
4.3
8.5
.52
5.2
10.0
10
12
86.0
99.0
1.9
2.5
1.6
2.0
2.8
2.9
2.3
2.4
18.0
18.0
15.0
15.0
28.0
38.0
23.0
31.0
27.0
38.0
22.0
31.0
27.0
38.0
22.0
31.0
.53
.65
.44
.52
.67
.95
.55
.77
6.7
9.5
5.5
7.7
13.0
19.0
11.0
15.0
3.1
50.0
50.0
1.3
13.0
25.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
2.6
2.7
2.8
.29
63.0
52.0
74.0
98.0 120.0
63.0
52.0
74.0
98.0 120.0
1.6
2.3
2.9
3.5
1.3
1.9
2.4
3.0
16.0
23.0
29.0
35.0
13.0
19.0
24.0
30.0
32.0
45.0
58.0
70.0
26.0
37.0
49.0
61.0
(V1 - V2)2
V12
Feet of Fluid; if V2 = 0 b =
Feet of Fluid
2g
2g
37
79.0 110.0
65.0
C.I.
Screwed
Line
Flow
K
1
.8
.6
.3
.5
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
.5
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
Screwed
Tee
Branch 2
Flow
K
1
.3
.6
K
.4
.3
Regular
Screwed
45 Ell
.2
.5
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
.3
Regular
Screwed
90 Ell
.6
.3
.5
.3
K
.6
K
.2
.4
.3
.1
Long Radius
Flanged
45 Ell
4
6
10
Pipe Diameter, Inches
20
Long Radius
Screwed
90 Ell
.2
.3
.5
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
.6
2
.4
K
.3
.5
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
.2
Regular
Flanged
90 Ell
.6
Screwed
Return Bend
.3
.15
1
10
20
.4
.2
Long
Radius
Flanged
Return Bend
.3
Reg.
.3
.1
1
10
20
Long Radius
Flanged
90 Ell
.2
.1
1
10
20
Sudden Enlargement
Bell-Mouth Inlet
or Reducer
K = 0.05
Square Edged
Inlet
K = 0.5
Inward
Projecting Pipe
K = 1.0
Note: K decreases with increasing wall thickness of pipe and rounding of edges.
Courtesy Hydraulic Institute.
38
h=
(V1-V2)2
Feet of Fluid When V2 = O
2g
Feet of Fluid
h=
V12
2g
.2
Line
Flow
K
.1
.4
.1
.6
.4
Basket
Strainer
10
.06
20
4
6
10
Pipe Diameter, Inches
Flanged
Tee
20
Screwed
K
10
20
1
Branch
Flow
.6
K
.4
6
.3
.6
2
1
Pipe Diameter, Inches
4
6
10
Pipe Diameter, Inches
20
15
Globe
Valve
10
6
Flanged
4
K
Screwed
K
4
2
6
10
Pipe Diameter, Inches
20
1
.3
.3
6
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
.2
Screwed
K
Swing
Check Valve
.1
.3
.6
Flanged
K
1
1
.2
Gate
Valve
10
20
.1
6
.06
Flanged
K
.04
4
Screwed
K
.03
.3
.6
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
1
.3
.1
.6
.08
K
.06
.04
Couplings
and Unions
Angle
Valve
.03
.3
6
1
2
Pipe Diameter, Inches
Flanged
K
3
2
1.5
1
10
.8
.6
Foot
Valve
.4
1
4
6
10
Pipe Diameter, Inches
20
Reducer Bushing
and Coupling
39
20
NOTE:
W
90
L
Area of a Right Triangle
Area = (L x W) 2
D
R
Area of a Circle
Area =r2
NOTE:
Number of
Passes
% of Suspended
Solids Removed
Turnover
Rate (Hrs.)
67%
24
86%
12
Example:
92%
*4
95%
97%
4.8
98%
99%
3.43
A
B
Area of an Oval
Area =A x B x
R
L
W
Example: Pressure Gauge = 20 lbs.
Vacuum Gauge = 10 inches
B
A
40
NOTE:
Make sure the Filter, Skimmers,
Baskets, and Hair Lint Strainers are
clean before the pressure and vacuum
readings are taken. The gauges will
measure the resistance of any dirt or
debris in the system.
13750
13350
11050
10650
8850
8275
6900
6275
5325
5800
5050
0.22
0.30
0.42
0.55
0.74
0.96
1.28
1.50
1.94
2.32
2.90
3.83
4.81
5.76
7.63
9.75
11.75
0.04
0.07
0.14
0.23
0.43
0.72
1.28
1.77
2.95
4.24
6.61
11.50
18.19
26.07
45.66
74.66
108.4
0.11
0.22
0.44
0.73
1.35
2.24
4.00
5.51
9.20
13.2
20.6
35.8
56.7
81.2
142
233
338
0.31
0.54
0.74
1.09
1.47
2.17
3.00
3.36
5.02
7.66
10.25
14.98
20.78
28.57
43.34
54.74
65.42
9750
10100
9150
7900
6950
6850
6050
4825
4075
*
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
1500
1500
1250
1250
1250
1000
1000
750
750
*
2500
2500
1500
1500
1500
1500
1000
1000
750
750
750
Bursting
Pressure
(a) Lap Weld
*
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
1250
1000
1000
750
750
650
650
500
500
6750
7350
6425
5475
4825
4375
3875
3525
3050
Internal Area
Sq. Inch
0.24
0.42
0.57
0.85
1.13
1.68
2.27
2.72
3.65
5.79
7.58
10.79
14.62
18.97
28.55
40.48
49.56
Diameter
Actual Internal
0.18
0.32
0.60
0.95
1.66
2.69
4.46
6.35
10.5
14.9
23.0
39.7
62.4
90.0
156.0
246.0
353.0
32 0.27 0.06
7
16
0.36 0.10
19
32 0.49 0.19
23
32 0.62 0.30
15
16 0.82 0.53
1532 1.05 0.86
112 1.38 1.50
12332 1.61 2.04
2316 2.07 3.36
258 2.47 4.79
314 3.07 7.39
414 4.03 12.73
5516 5.05 20.01
638 6.07 28.89
81132 7.98 50.02
10716 10.02 78.85
12716 12.00 113.1
11
Nominal Weight
Lbs. per Foot
0.405
0.540
0.675
0.840
1.050
1.315
1.660
1.900
2.375
2.875
3.500
4.500
5.563
6.625
8.625
10.75
12.75
Extra Heavy
Bursting
Pressure
Diameter
Actual External
27
18
18
14
14
1112
1112
1112
1112
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
Internal Area
Sq. Inch
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
3
4
1
114
112
2
212
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
1
Diameter
Actual Internal
Nominal Size
Standard
19800
19000
15500
14600
11900
11400
9600
8850
7700
7950
7200
*
3500
3500
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1250
1250
1250
2f t
Where P = Pressure in lbs. per sq. in.;
D
f = Fibre; t = Thickness in inches; D = Outside diameter in inches. Stress (a) 41000 (b) 52000 (c) 62000 lbs. per sq. in.
*Pipes serviceable for pressures indicated. If subjected to severe shocks, reduce pressures indicated.
12
13
14
15
16
Size
of
Main
Pipe
1
114
112
2
212
.758
.985
1.14
1.52
1.89
.644
.838
.967
1.29
1.61
.574
.747
.861
1.15
1.44
.525
.683
.788
1.05
1.31
.488
.635
.733
.977
1.22
.459
.597
.689
.918
1.15
.435
.556
.653
.870
1.09
.415
.540
.623
.830
1.04
.398
.518
.597
.796
.995
.383
.498
.575
.766
.958
.370
.482
.555
.740
.925
.358
.466
.538
.717
.896
.348
.452
.522
.696
.870
.338
.440
.508
.677
.846
.330
.428
.494
.660
.825
1
114
112
2
212
3
312
4
412
5
2.27
2.65
3.03
3.41
3.79
1.92
2.26
2.58
2.90
3.22
1.72
2.01
2.30
2.58
2.87
1.58
1.84
2.10
2.36
2.63
1.47
1.71
1.95
2.20
2.44
1.38
1.61
1.84
2.07
2.30
1.31
1.52
1.74
1.96
2.18
1.25
1.45
1.66
1.87
2.08
1.19
1.39
1.59
1.79
1.99
1.15
1.34
1.53
1.72
1.92
1.11
1.30
1.48
1.67
1.85
1.08
1.25
1.43
1.61
1.79
1.04
1.22
1.39
1.57
1.74
1.02
1.18
1.35
1.52
1.69
.989
1.15
1.32
1.48
1.65
3
312
4
412
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
4.55
5.30
6.06
6.82
7.58
9.08
3.87
4.51
5.16
5.80
6.44
7.73
3.45
4.02
4.59
5.17
5.74
6.89
3.15
3.68
4.20
4.73
5.25
6.30
2.93
3.42
3.91
4.40
4.88
5.86
2.75
3.21
3.67
4.13
4.59
5.51
2.61
3.05
3.48
3.92
4.35
5.22
2.49
2.91
3.32
3.74
4.15
4.98
2.39
2.79
3.18
3.58
3.98
4.78
2.30
2.68
3.09
3.45
3.83
4.60
2.22
2.59
2.96
3.33
3.70
4.44
2.15
2.51
2.87
3.23
3.59
4.30
2.09
2.44
2.78
3.13
3.48
4.18
2.03
2.37
2.71
3.04
3.38
4.06
1.98
2.31
2.64
2.97
3.30
3.96
6
7
8
9
10
12
Number of Branches
8
9
10
11
41
Full or Half-Full
Flow Velocity
V - fps
Half-Full Flow
Capacity
g - gpm
Full Flow
Capacity
g - gpm
112
2
212
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
15
1.85
1.98
2.30
2.50
2.91
3.15
3.58
4.07
4.69
5.91
6.15
5.85
9.70
17.60
28.60
57.00
96.50
157.50
318.50
574.00
936.00
1,690.00
11.70
19.40
35.20
57.20
114.00
193.00
315.00
637.00
1,148.00
1,872.00
3,380.00
Pounds
Feet
Velocity of
Discharge
Feet
Per Second
10
15
20
25
30
23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
38.6
47.25
54.55
61.0
66.85
0.37
0.45
0.52
0.58
0.64
1.48
1.81
2.09
2.34
2.56
3.32
4.06
4.69
5.25
5.75
5.91
7.24
8.35
9.34
10.2
13.3
16.3
18.8
21.0
23.0
23.6
28.9
33.4
37.3
40.9
36.9
45.2
52.2
58.3
63.9
63.1
65.0
75.1
84.0
92.0
72.4
88.5
102
114
125
35
40
45
50
55
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
72.2
77.2
81.8
86.25
90.4
0.69
0.74
0.78
0.83
0.87
2.77
2.96
3.13
3.30
3.46
6.21
6.64
7.03
7.41
7.77
1.11
11.8
12.5
13.2
13.8
24.8
26.6
28.2
29.7
31.1
44.2
47.3
50.1
52.8
55.3
69.0
73.8
78.2
82.5
86.4
99.5
106
113
119
125
135
145
153
162
169
60
65
70
75
80
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
94.5
98.3
102.1
105.7
109.1
0.90
0.94
0.98
1.01
1.05
3.62
3.77
3.91
4.05
4.18
8.12
8.45
8.78
9.08
9.39
14.5
15.1
15.7
16.2
16.7
32.5
33.8
35.2
36.4
37.6
57.8
60.2
62.5
64.7
66.8
90.4
94.0
97.7
101
104
130
136
141
146
150
177
184
191
198
206
85
90
95
100
105
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
112.5
115.8
119.0
122.0
125.0
1.08
1.11
1.14
1.17
1.20
4.31
4.43
4.56
4.67
4.79
9.67
9.95
10.2
10.0
10.8
17.3
17.7
18.2
18.7
19.2
38.8
39.9
41.0
42.1
43.1
68.9
70.8
72.8
74.7
76.5
108
111
114
117
120
155
160
164
168
172
211
217
223
229
234
110
115
120
125
130
254.0
265.5
277.1
288.6
300.2
128.0
130.9
133.7
136.4
139.1
1.23
1.25
1.28
1.31
1.33
4.90
5.01
5.12
5.22
5.33
11.0
11.2
11.5
11.7
12.0
19.6
20.0
20.5
20.9
21.3
44.1
45.1
46.0
47.0
48.0
78.4
80.1
81.8
83.5
85.2
122
125
128
130
133
176
180
184
188
192
240
245
251
256
261
135
140
145
150
175
200
311.7
323.3
334.8
346.4
404.1
461.9
141.8
144.3
146.9
149.5
161.4
172.6
1.36
1.38
1.41
1.43
1.55
1.65
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.72
6.18
6.61
12.2
12.4
12.6
12.9
13.9
14.8
21.7
22.1
22.5
22.9
24.7
26.4
48.9
49.8
50.6
51.5
55.6
59.5
86.7
88.4
89.9
91.5
98.8
106
136
138
140
143
154
165
195
199
202
206
222
238
266
271
276
280
302
323
Head
1/8
3/16
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
42
Pounds
Feet
Velocity of
Discharge
Feet
Per Second
10
15
20
25
30
23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
38.6
47.25
54.55
61.0
66.85
94.5
116
134
149
164
120
147
169
189
207
148
181
209
234
256
179
219
253
283
309
213
260
301
336
368
289
354
409
458
501
378
463
535
598
655
479
585
676
756
828
591
723
835
934
1023
35
40
45
50
55
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
72.2
77.2
81.8
86.25
90.4
177
188
200
211
221
224
239
263
267
280
277
296
313
330
346
334
357
379
399
418
398
425
451
475
498
541
578
613
647
678
708
766
801
845
886
895
957
1015
1070
1121
1106
1182
1252
1320
1385
60
65
70
75
80
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
94.5
98.3
102.1
105.7
109.1
231
241
250
259
267
293
305
317
327
338
362
376
391
404
418
438
455
473
489
505
521
542
563
582
602
708
737
765
792
818
926
964
1001
1037
1010
1172
1220
1267
1310
1354
1447
1506
1565
1619
1672
85
90
95
100
105
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
112.5
115.8
119.0
122.0
125.0
276
284
292
299
306
349
359
369
378
388
431
443
456
467
479
521
536
551
565
579
620
638
656
672
689
844
868
892
915
937
1103
1136
1168
1196
1226
1395
1436
1476
1512
1550
1723
1773
1824
1870
1916
110
115
120
125
130
254.0
265.5
277.1
288.6
300.2
128.0
130.9
133.7
136.4
139.1
314
320
327
334
341
397
406
414
423
432
490
501
512
522
533
593
606
619
632
645
705
720
736
751
767
960
980
1002
1022
1043
1255
1282
1310
1338
1365
1588
1621
1659
1690
1726
1961
2005
2050
2090
2132
135
140
145
150
175
200
311.7
323.3
334.8
346.4
404.1
461.9
141.8
144.3
146.9
149.5
161.4
172.6
347
354
360
366
395
423
439
448
455
463
500
535
543
553
562
572
618
660
656
668
680
692
747
799
780
795
809
824
890
950
1063
1082
1100
1120
1210
1294
1390
1415
1440
1466
1582
1691
1759
1790
1820
1853
2000
2140
2173
2212
2250
2290
2473
2645
Head
118
114
138
112
134
214
212
NOTE: The actual quantities will vary from these figures, the amount of variation depending upon the shape of nozzle and size of
pipe at the point where the pressure is determined. With smooth taper nozzles the actual discharge is about 94 percent of the figures given in the tables.
43
Lbs.
per
Sq. In.
Feet
Head
Lbs.
Lbs.
Lbs.
Feet per
Feet
per
Feet
per
Head Sq. In. Head Sq. In. Head Sq. In.
Feet
Head
Lbs.
per
Sq. In.
1
2
3
2.31
4.62
6.93
20
25
30
46.18
57.72
69.27
120
125
130
277.07
288.62
300.16
225
250
275
519.51
577.24
643.03
1
2
3
.43
.87
1.30
30
40
50
12.99
17.32
21.65
140
150
160
60.63
64.96
69.29
300
325
350
129.93
140.75
151.58
4
5
6
9.24
11.54
13.85
40
50
60
92.36
115.45
138.54
140
150
160
323.25
346.34
369.43
300
325
350
692.69
750.41
808.13
4
5
6
1.73
2.17
2.60
60
70
80
25.99
30.32
34.65
170
180
190
73.63
77.96
82.29
400
500
600
173.24
216.55
259.85
7
8
9
16.16
18.47
20.78
70
80
90
161.63
184.72
207.81
170
180
190
392.52
415.61
438.90
375
400
500
865.89
922.58
1154.48
7
8
9
3.03
3.46
3.90
90
100
110
38.98
43.31
47.65
200
225
250
86.62
97.45
102.27
700
800
900
303.16
346.47
389.78
10
15
23.09
34.63
100 230.90
110 253.98
200
461.78
1000
2309.00
10
20
4.33
8.66
120
130
51.97
56.30
275
119.10
1000
433.09
Feet
of
Water
Pounds
per
Sq. In.
Inches
of
Mercury
Feet
of
Water
Pounds
per
Sq. In.
Inches
of
Mercury
Feet
of
Water
Pounds
per
Sq. In.
1
2
3
1.13
2.26
3.39
0.49
0.98
1.47
11
12
13
12.45
13.57
14.70
5.39
5.87
6.37
21
22
23
23.78
24.88
26.00
10.3
10.8
11.28
4
5
6
4.52
5.65
6.78
1.95
2.44
2.93
14
15
16
15.82
16.96
18.09
6.86
7.35
7.84
24
25
26
27.15
28.26
29.40
11.75
12.25
12.73
7
8
9
10
7.91
9.04
10.17
11.30
3.42
3.91
4.40
4.89
17
18
19
20
19.22
20.35
21.75
22.60
8.33
8.82
9.31
9.80
27
28
29
29.929
30.52
31.65
32.80
33.947
13.23
13.73
14.22
14.6969
Theoretical
Suction Lift
Feet
Practical
Suction Lift
Feet
Vacuum
Gauge*
Inches
At Sea Level.....................................................
1
4 mile 1,320 feet above sea level .............
1
2 mile 2,640 feet above sea level .............
14.7
14.0
13.3
34.0
32.4
30.8
22
21
20
19.5
18.6
17.7
12.7
12.0
11.4
29.2
27.8
26.4
18
17
16
15.9
15.0
14.2
10.9
9.9
25.1
22.8
15
14
13.3
12.4
Elevation
Note: Multiply barometer in inches by .491 to obtain lbs. per sq. in. *Vacuum gauge readings in inches correspond to practical
suction lift in feet only when pump is stopped. Pipe friction increases vacuum gauge readings when pump is running.
For quiet operation, vacuum gauge should never register more than 20 inches when pump is running.
44
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
Sea Level...............
2000 ......................
4000 ......................
-10
-5
-5
-7
-5
-2
-5
-2
+1
-2
+1
+3
0
+3
+5
+3
+5
+7
+5
+7
+10
+7
+10
+12
+10
+12
+14
+12
+15
6000 ......................
8000 ......................
10000 ....................
0
0
+2
+1
+3
+4
+3
+5
+7
+5
+7
+9
+7
+9
+11
+10
+12
+14
+12
+14
+16
+14
+16
+18
+16
This table gives the maximum permissible suction lift or the minimum head permitted on the suction side of a pump at various
altitudes and liquid temperatures. A minus sign before a number indicates maximum suction lift. A plus sign before a number
indicates minimum head. These figures are to be used as a guide and are not guaranteed.
When pumping volatile liquids such as gasoline and naphtha, special consideration must be given to the amount of suction lift and
the size of the suction pipe used. On such liquids the suction lift, whether it is actual vertical lift or is caused by pipe line friction,
must be kept as low as possible, and should never exceed 12 feet.
For liquids such as lube oil, molasses, etc., a suction lift up to 24 feet, at sea level, is usually satisfactory.
Schedule 40 Plastic Pipe
Nominal
Inside
Outside Nominal
Inside
Outside
SDR-15 SDR-11.5 SDR-9
SDR-7
Nominal
Inside
Outside Outside Outside Outside Pipe Size Diameter Diameter Pipe Size Diameter Diameter
Pipe Size Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
1
1
2
.622
.840
2
.546
.840
1
3
3
2
.622
.742
.742
.760
.800
4
.824
1.050
4
.742
1.050
3
4
.824
.944
.968
1.008
1.060
1
1.049
1.315
1
.957
1.315
1
1.049
1.189
1.231
1.283
1.349
114
1.380
1.660
114
1.278
1.600
114
1.380
1.564
1.620
1.686
1.774
112
1.610
1.900
112
1.500
1.900
112
1.610
1.824
1.890
1.968
2.070
2
2.067
2.375
2
1.939
2.375
2
2.067
2.343
2.427
2.527
2.657
212
2.469
2.875
212
2.323
2.875
3
3.068
3.500
3
2.900
3.500
4
4.026
4.500
4
3.826
4.500
4. Liquid temperatures higher than that for which the system was
originally designed.
5. Speeds higher than manufacturers recommendation.
Cavitation is not confined to pumping equipment alone. It also occurs
in piping systems where the liquid velocity is high and the pressure
low. Cavitation should be suspected when noise is heard in pipe lines
at sudded enlargements of the pipe cross-section, sharp bends,
throttled valves or like situations.
CAVITATION
Cavitation is a term used to describe a rather complex phenomenon
that may exist in a pumping installation. In a centrifugal pump this
may be explained as follows. When a liquid flows through the suction
line and enters the eye of the pump impeller an increase in velocity
takes place. This increase in velocity is, of course, accompanied by a
reduction in pressure. If the pressure falls below the vapor pressure
corresponding to the temperature of the liquid, the liquid will vaporize
and the flowing stream will consist of liquid plus pockets of vapor.
Flowing further through the impeller, the liquid reaches a region of
higher pressure and the cavities of vapor collapse. It is this collapse
of vapor pockets that causes the noise incident to caviation.
Cavitation need not be a problem in a pump installation if the pump is
properly designed and installed, and operated in accordance with the
designers recommendations. Also, caviation is not necessarily
destructive. Cavitation varies from very mild to very severe. A pump
can operate rather noiselessly yet be cavitating mildly. The only effect
may be a slight drop in efficiency. On the other hand severe cavitation
will be very noisy and will destroy the pump impeller and/or other
parts of the pump.
Any pump can be made to cavitate, so care should be taken in
selecting the pump and planning the installation. For centrifugal
pumps avoid as much as possible the following conditions:
1. Heads much lower than head at peak efficiency of pump.
2. Capacity much higher than capacity at peak efficiency of pump.
3. Suction lift higher or positive head lower than recommended by
manufacturer.
45
NPSH Required = 17
Obtain from Pump Manufactuer
17.0
32.8
Losses in Suction
Calculate from Hydraulics of the
Piping System = 2
= 32.9 Ft.
0.996
1.4
Nominal Actual 12
2
212
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
2.067
2.469
3.068
4.026
5.067
6.065
7.981
10.020
12.000
42
60
93
159
250
362
627
980
1415
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
49
70
108
186
292
422
732
1145
1650
56
80
123
212
334
482
837
1310
1890
63
90
139
239
376
542
942
1475
2125
70
100
154
266
417
602
1047
1635
2360
77
110
169
292
459
662
1150
1800
2595
84
120
185
318
501
722
1255
1965
2830
91
130
200
345
543
782
1360
2130
3065
98
140
216
372
585
842
1465
2290
3300
105
150
231
398
627
902
1570
2455
3540
112
160
246
425
668
962
1675
2620
3775
3.5
4.5
5.5
10
12
2
3
4
6
8
10
38
81
137
318
567
950
41
89
151
349
623
1055
44
96
163
378
684
1115
47
103
174
405
730
1200
50
109
185
430
776
1280
53
114
195
455
821
1350
56
120
205
480
868
1415
61
132
222
520
945
1530
65
141
240
560
1020
1640
74
160
269
635
1150
1840
82
177
299
700
1270
2010
The accuracy of these methods will vary up to 10%. The pipe must be flowing full.
46
Head (H)
in
Inches
Additional
GPM for
Each Ft.
Over 5 Ft.
1
114
112
134
35.4
49.5
64.9
81
107.5
150.4
197
248
179.8
250.4
329.5
415
36.05
50.4
66.2
83.5
8
814
812
834
2338
2442
2540
2656
3956
4140
4312
4511
814
850
890
929
2
214
212
234
98.5
117
136.2
157
302
361
422
485
506
605
706
815
102
122
143
165
9
914
912
934
2765
2876
2985
3101
4699
4899
5098
5288
970
1011
1051
1091
3
314
312
334
177.8
199.8
222
245
552
624
695
769
926
1047
1167
1292
187
211
236
261
10
1012
11
1112
3216
3480
3716
3960
5490
5940
6355
6780
1136
1230
1320
1410
4
414
412
434
269
293.6
318
344
846
925
1006
1091
1424
1559
1696
1835
288
316
345
374
12
1212
13
1312
4185
4430
4660
4950
7165
7595
8010
8510
1495
1575
1660
1780
5
514
512
534
370
395.5
421.6
449
1175
1262
1352
1442
1985
2130
2282
2440
405
434
465
495
14
1412
15
1512
5215
5475
5740
6015
8980
9440
9920
10400
1885
1985
2090
2165
6
614
612
634
476.5
1535
1632
1742
1826
2600
2760
2920
3094
528
560
596
630
16
1612
17
1712
6290
6565
6925
7140
10900
11380
11970
12410
2300
2410
2520
2640
1928
2029
2130
2238
3260
3436
3609
3785
668
701.5
736
774
18
1812
19
1912
7410
7695
7980
8280
12900
13410
13940
14460
2745
2855
2970
3090
7
714
712
734
Head (H)
in
Inches
Additional
GPM for
Each Ft.
Over 5 Ft.
47
Water Depth
At Top Weir
A = 1/4"
1
A
B = 1/2"
1. Water falls with a drop of over 3 feet and a 1/4 depth at the top of
the weir. For every 3 over the first 3 drop, you should add an additional 1/4 in depth at the top of the weir.
2. Rounded or Copping edged weirs require at least 1 depth of water
to break the plane and not rap under the edge.
3. Water surges from swimmers can increase the required extension
by as much as one foot.
C
2
C = 1"
3
Projected Extension
Water Feature
Surface Area
1/4
1/2
3/4
114
112
134
486
935
1,421
1,870
2,356
2,842
3,291
3,740
4,226
4,712
935
1,870
2,805
3,740
4,675
5,610
6,545
7,479
8,414
9,349
190
2,805
4,188
5,610
6,993
8,377
9,798
11,219
12,603
13,987
1,870
3,740
5,610
7,479
9,349
11,219
13,089
14,959
16,829
18,699
2,356
4,675
7,031
9,349
11,705
14,061
16,380
18,699
21,055
23,411
2,805
5,610
8,414
11,219
14,024
16,829
19,634
22,438
25,243
28,048
3,254
6,545
9,798
13,089
16,343
19,596
22,887
26,178
29,432
32,685
3,740
7,479
11,219
14,959
18,699
22,438
26,178
29,918
33,657
37,397
48
Inch
Foot
Yard
Inch
1.0
.0833
Foot
12.0
1.0
Yard
36.0
3.0
1.0
Meter
39.37
3.281
1.094
Meter
.0278
.0254
.333
.0348
.9144
1.0
Units of Area
Unit
Inch
Foot
Square Inch
1.0
Square Foot
144.0
1.0
Square Yard
1,296.0
9.0
Square Meter
1,550.0
10.76
Yard
.00694
Meter
.000772
.000645
.1111
.0929
1.0
.836
1.196
1.0
Units of Volume
Unit
U.S. Gallon
U.S. Gallon
Imperial Gallon
1.0
.833
Imperial Gallon
1.2
1.0
Cubic Feet
7.481
6.232
.12
.1
Pounds of Water
Cubic Meters
Cubic Feet
264.2
Pounds of Water
.1337
8.33
.1605
1.0
35.31
.003785
10.9
.004546
62.37
.0283
1.0
.00045
.0160
220.0
Cubic Meters
2,204.0
1.0
Units of Flow
Unit
U.S. GPM
Imperial GPM
Cubic Feet/Second
Cubic Feet/Hour
Liters/Second
U.S. GPM
Imperial GPM
1.0
Cubic Feet/Second
.833
1.2
1.0
448.4
374.0
4.403
15.85
Cubic Feet/Hour
.00223
Liters/Second
.227
.00268
.0631
.272
1.0
101.9
3.67
.00981
1.0
13.21
.0353
3.60
.0757
28.32
.2778
1.0
Units of Pressure
Unit
Inches of Water
Inches of Water
1.0
Feet of Water
.833
Feet of Water
12.0
1.0
27.72
2.31
Inches of Mercury
13.596
1.133
49
Inches of Mercury
.0736
.883
2.04
1.0
10
11
12
4 x 4 .......................................
5 x 5 .......................................
6 x 6 .......................................
119.68
187.00
269.28
479
748
1077
598
935
1346
718
1202
1616
957
1516
2154
1197
1870
2693
1316
2057
2968
1436
2244
3231
7 x 7 .......................................
8 x 8 .......................................
9 x 9 .......................................
366.52
478.72
605.88
1466
1915
2424
1833
2394
3029
2199
2872
3635
2922
3830
4847
3665
4787
6059
4032
5266
6665
4398
5745
7212
10 x 10 ...................................
11 x 11 ...................................
12 x 12 ...................................
748.08
905.08
1077.12
2992
3620
4308
3740
4525
5386
4488
5430
6463
5984
7241
8617
7480
9051
10771
8228
9956
11848
8976
10861
12925
To find the capacity of a depth not given, multiply the capacity for one foot by the required depth in feet.
1/10
1/5
3/10
2/5
1/2
3/5
7/10
4/5
9/10
Ft. ...........................
Ft. ...........................
Ft. ...........................
Ft. ...........................
Ft. ...........................
.3
1.2
2.7
4.9
7.6
.8
3.3
7.5
13.4
20.0
1.4
5.9
13.6
23.8
37.0
2.1
8.8
19.8
35.0
55.0
2.9
11.7
26.4
47.0
73.0
3.6
14.7
33.0
59.0
92.0
4.3
17.5
39.4
70.2
110.0
4.9
20.6
45.2
80.5
126.0
5.5
22.2
50.1
89.0
139.0
6 Ft. ...........................
7 Ft. ...........................
8 Ft. ...........................
9 Ft. ...........................
10 Ft. ...........................
11.0
15.0
19.0
25.0
30.0
30.0
41.0
52.0
67.0
83.0
53.0
73.0
96.0
112.0
149.0
78.0
107.0
140.0
178.0
219.0
106.0
144.0
188.0
238.0
294.0
133.0
181.0
235.0
298.0
368.0
158.0
215.0
281.0
352.0
440.0
182.0
247.0
322.0
408.0
504.0
201.0
272.0
356.0
450.0
556.0
11
12
13
14
15
37.0
44.0
51.0
60.0
68.0
101.0
120.0
141.0
164.0
188.0
179.0
214.0
250.0
291.0
334.0
265.0
315.0
370.0
430.0
494.0
356.0
423.0
496.0
576.0
661.0
445.0
530.0
621.0
722.0
829.0
531.0
632.0
740.0
862.0
988.0
610.0
741.0
850.0
989.0
1134.0
672.0
800.0
940.0
1084.0
1253.0
1
2
3
4
5
Ft.
Ft.
Ft.
Ft.
Ft.
...........................
...........................
...........................
...........................
...........................
50
Gals.
Area
Sq. Ft.
Diam.
Gals.
Area
Sq. Ft.
Diam.
Gals.
Area
Sq. Ft.
1
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
5.87
6.89
8.00
9.18
10.44
11.79
.785
.922
1.069
1.227
1.396
1.576
4
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 5
94.00
97.96
102.00
106.12
110.32
114.61
12.566
13.095
13.635
14.186
14.748
15.321
11
11 3
11 6
11 9
12
12 3
710.90
743.58
776.99
811.14
846.03
881.65
95.03
99.40
103.87
108.43
113.10
117.86
22
22 3
22 6
22 9
23
23 3
2843.60
2908.60
2974.30
3040.80
3108.00
3175.90
380.13
388.82
397.61
406.49
415.48
424.56
1 6
1 7
1 8
1 9
1 10
1 11
13.22
14.73
16.32
17.99
19.75
21.58
1.767
1.969
2.182
2.405
2.640
2.885
4 6
4 7
4 8
4 9
4 10
4 11
118.97
123.42
127.95
132.56
137.25
142.02
15.90
16.50
17.10
17.72
18.35
18.99
12 6
12 9
13
13 3
13 6
13 9
918.00
955.09
992.73
1031.50
1070.80
1110.80
122.72
127.68
132.73
137.89
142.14
148.49
23 6
23 9
24
24 3
24 6
24 9
3244.60
3314.00
3384.10
3455.00
3526.60
3598.90
433.74
443.01
452.39
461.86
471.44
481.11
2
2 1
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
23.50
25.50
27.58
29.74
31.99
34.31
3.142
3.409
3.687
3.976
4.276
4.587
5 8
5 9
5 10
5 11
6
6 3
188.66
194.25
199.92
205.67
211.51
229.50
25.22
25.97
26.73
27.49
28.27
30.68
14
14 3
14 6
14 9
15
15 3
1151.50
1193.00
1235.30
1278.20
1321.90
1366.40
153.94
159.48
165.13
170.87
176.71
182.65
25
25 3
25 6
25 9
26
26 3
3672.00
3745.80
3820.30
3895.60
3971.60
4048.40
490.87
500.74
510.71
527.77
530.93
541.19
2 6
2 7
2 8
2 9
2 10
2 11
36.72
39.21
41.78
44.43
47.16
49.98
4.909
5.241
5.585
5.940
6.305
6.681
6 6
6 9
7
7 3
7 6
7 9
248.23
267.69
287.88
308.81
330.48
352.88
35.18
35.78
38.48
41.28
44.18
47.17
15 6
15 9
16
16 3
16 6
16 9
1411.50
1457.40
1504.10
1551.40
1599.50
1648.40
188.69
194.83
201.06
207.39
213.82
220.35
26 6
26 9
27
27 3
27 6
27 9
4125.90
4204.10
4283.00
4362.70
4443.10
4524.30
551.55
562.00
572.66
583.21
593.96
604.81
3
3 1
3 2
3 3
3 4
3 5
52.88
55.86
58.92
62.06
65.28
68.58
7.069
7.467
7.876
8.296
8.727
9.168
8
8 3
8 6
8 9
9
9 3
376.01
399.80
424.48
449.82
475.89
502.70
50.27
53.46
56.75
60.13
63.62
67.20
19
19 3
19 6
19 9
20
20 3
2120.90
2177.10
2234.00
2291.70
2350.10
2409.20
283.53
291.04
298.65
306.35
314.16
322.06
28
28 3
28 6
28 9
29
29 3
4606.20
4688.80
4772.10
4856.20
4941.00
5026.60
615.75
626.80
637.94
649.18
660.52
671.96
3 6
3 7
3 8
3 9
3 10
3 11
71.97
75.44
78.99
82.62
86.33
90.13
9.621
10.085
10.559
11.045
11.541
12.048
9 6
9 9
10
10 3
10 6
10 9
530.24
558.51
587.52
617.26
640.74
678.95
70.88
74.66
78.54
82.52
86.59
90.76
20 6
20 9
21
21 3
21 6
21 9
2469.10
2529.60
2591.00
2653.00
2715.80
2779.30
330.06
338.16
346.36
354.66
363.05
371.54
29 6
29 9
30
30 3
30 6
30 9
5112.90
5199.90
5287.70
5376.20
5465.40
5555.40
683.49
695.13
706.86
718.69
730.62
742.64
Diam.
Gals.
Area
Sq. Ft.
To find the capacity of tanks greater than shown here, find a tank of one-half the size desired, and multiply its capacity by four, or
find one one-third the size desired and multiply its capacity by 9.
Decimal Equivalents
64
32
3
64
1
16
5
64
3
32
7
64
1
8
1
1
.015625
.03125
.046875
.0625
.078125
.09375
.109375
.125
64
32
11
64
3
16
13
64
7
32
15
64
1
4
9
5
.140625
.15625
.171875
.1875
.203125
.21875
.234375
.250
64
32
19
64
5
16
21
64
11
32
23
64
3
8
17
9
.265625
.28125
.171875
.3125
.328125
.34375
.359375
.375
64
32
27
64
7
16
29
64
15
32
31
64
1
2
25
13
.390625
.40625
.421875
.4375
.453125
.46875
.484375
.500
64
32
25
64
9
16
37
64
19
32
39
64
5
8
33
17
51
.515625
.53125
.546875
.5625
.578125
.59375
.609375
.625
64
32
43
64
11
16
45
64
23
32
47
64
3
4
41
21
.640025
.65625
.671875
.6875
.703125
.71875
.734375
.750
64
32
51
64
13
16
53
64
27
32
55
64
7
8
49
25
.765625
.78125
.796875
.8125
.828125
.84375
.859375
.875
64
32
59
64
15
16
61
64
31
32
63
64
57
29
.890625
.90625
.921875
.9375
.953125
.96875
.984375
1.000
1.
16
1
8
3
18
1
4
5
16
3
8
7
16
1
2
9
16
5
8
11
16
3
4
13
16
7
8
15
16
1
2.
16
1
8
3
16
1
4
5
16
3
8
7
16
1
2
9
16
5
8
11
16
3
4
1
.04909
.09818
.14726
.19635
.29452
.39270
.49087
.58905
.68722
.78540
.88357
.98175
1.0799
1.1781
1.2763
1.3744
1.4726
1.5708
1.6690
1.7671
1.8653
1.9635
2.0617
2.1598
2.2580
2.3562
2.4544
2.5525
2.6507
2.7489
2.8471
2.9452
3.0434
3.1416
3.3379
3.5343
3.7306
3.9270
4.1233
4.3197
4.5160
4.7124
4.9087
5.1051
5.3014
5.4978
5.6941
5.8905
6.0868
6.2832
6.4795
6.6759
6.8722
7.0686
7.2649
7.4613
7.6576
7.8540
8.0503
8.2467
8.4430
8.6394
Area
.00019
.00077
.00173
.00307
.00690
.01227
.01917
.02761
.03758
.04909
.06213
.07670
.09281
.11045
.12962
.15033
.17257
.19635
.22166
.24850
.27688
.30680
.33824
.37122
.40574
.44179
.47937
.51849
.55914
.60132
.64504
.6903
.73708
.7854
.8866
.9940
1.1075
1.2272
1.3530
1.4849
1.6230
1.7671
1.9175
2.0739
2.2365
2.4053
2.5802
2.7612
2.9483
3.1416
3.3410
3.5466
3.7583
3.9761
4.2000
4.4301
4.6664
4.9087
5.1572
5.4119
5.6727
5.9396
16
7
8
15
16
13
3.
16
1
8
3
16
1
4
5
16
3
8
7
16
1
2
9
16
5
8
11
16
3
4
13
16
7
8
15
16
1
4.
16
1
8
3
16
1
4
5
16
3
8
7
16
1
2
9
16
5
8
11
16
3
4
13
16
7
8
15
16
1
5.
16
1/8
16
1
4
5
16
3
3/8
16
1
2
9
16
5
8
11
16
3
4
13
16
7
8
15
16
7
6.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
7.
8
1
4
1
8.8357
9.0321
9.2284
9.4248
9.6211
9.8175
10.014
10.210
10.407
10.603
10.799
10.996
11.192
11.388
11.585
11.781
11.977
12.174
12.370
12.566
12.763
12.959
13.155
13.352
13.548
13.744
13.941
14.137
14.334
14.530
14.726
14.923
15.119
15.315
15.512
15.708
15.904
16.101
16.297
16.493
16.690
16.886
17.082
17.279
17.475
17.671
17.868
18.064
18.261
18.457
18.653
18.850
19.242
19.635
20.028
20.420
20.813
21.206
21.598
21.911
22.384
22.776
6.2126
6.4918
6.7771
7.0686
7.3662
7.6699
7.9798
8.2958
8.6179
8.9462
9.2806
9.6211
9.9678
10.321
10.680
11.045
11.416
11.793
12.177
12.566
12.962
13.364
13.772
14.186
14.607
15.033
15.466
15.904
16.349
16.800
17.257
17.721
18.190
18.665
19.147
19.635
20.129
20.629
21.135
21.648
22.166
22.691
23.221
23.758
24.301
24.850
25.406
25.967
26.535
27.019
27.688
28.274
29.465
30.680
31.919
33.183
34.472
35.785
37.122
38.485
39.871
41.282
Diam. Circum.
7.
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
3
8.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
9.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
10.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
11.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
12.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
13.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
14.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
23.169
23.562
23.955
24.347
24.740
25.133
25.525
25.918
26.311
26.704
27.096
27.489
27.882
28.274
28.667
29.060
29.452
29.845
30.238
30.631
31.023
31.416
31.809
32.201
32.594
32.988
33.379
33.772
34.165
34.558
34.950
35.343
35.736
36.128
36.521
36.914
37.306
37.699
38.092
38.485
38.877
39.270
39.663
40.055
40.448
40.841
41.233
41.626
42.019
42.412
42.804
43.197
43.590
43.982
44.375
44.768
45.160
45.553
45.946
46.339
46.731
52
Area
Diam. Circum.
42.718
44.179
45.664
47.173
48.707
50.265
51.849
53.456
55.088
56.745
58.426
60.132
61.862
63.617
65.397
67.201
69.029
70.882
72.760
74.662
76.589
78.540
80.516
82.516
84.541
86.590
88.664
90.763
92.886
95.033
97.205
99.402
101.62
103.87
106.14
108.43
110.75
113.10
115.47
117.86
120.28
122.72
125.19
127.68
130.19
132.73
135.30
137.89
140.50
143.14
145.80
148.49
151.20
153.94
156.70
159.48
162.30
165.13
167.99
170.87
173.78
15.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
16.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
17.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
18.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
19.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
20.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
21.
8
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
1
1
22.
8
4
3
8
1
1
47.124
47.517
47.909
48.302
48.695
49.087
49.480
49.873
50.266
50.658
51.051
51.444
51.836
52.229
52.622
53.014
53.407
53.800
54.193
54.585
54.978
55.371
55.763
56.156
56.549
56.941
57.334
57.727
58.120
58.512
58.905
59.298
59.690
60.083
60.476
60.868
61.261
61.654
62.047
62.439
62.832
63.225
63.617
64.010
64.403
64.795
65.188
65.581
65.973
66.366
66.759
67.152
67.544
67.937
68.330
68.722
69.115
69.508
69.900
70.293
Area
176.71
179.67
182.65
185.66
188.69
191.75
194.83
197.93
201.06
204.22
207.39
210.60
213.82
217.08
220.35
223.65
226.98
230.33
233.71
237.10
240.53
243.98
247.45
250.95
254.47
258.02
261.59
265.18
268.80
272.45
276.12
279.01
283.53
287.27
291.04
294.83
298.65
302.49
306.35
310.24
314.16
318.10
322.06
326.05
330.06
334.10
338.16
342.25
346.36
350.50
354.66
358.84
363.05
367.28
371.54
375.83
380.15
384.46
388.82
393.20
Diam.
22. 12
5
8
3
4
7
8
23.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
24.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
25.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
26.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
27.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
28.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
2
5
8
3
4
7
8
29.
1
8
1
4
3
8
1
4
5
8
3
4
30.
Circum.
70.686
71.079
71.471
71.864
72.257
72.649
73.042
73.435
73.827
74.220
74.613
75.006
75.398
75.791
76.184
76.576
76.969
77.362
77.754
78.147
78.540
78.933
79.325
79.718
80.111
80.503
80.896
81.289
81.681
82.074
82.467
82.860
83.252
83.645
84.038
84.430
84.823
85.216
85.608
86.001
86.394
86.787
87.179
87.572
87.965
88.357
88.750
89.143
89.535
89.928
90.321
90.714
91.106
91.499
91.892
92.284
92.677
93.070
93.462
94.248
Area
397.61
402.04
406.49
410.97
415.48
420.00
424.56
429.13
433.74
438.36
443.01
447.69
452.39
457.11
461.86
466.64
471.44
476.26
481.11
485.98
490.87
495.79
500.74
505.71
510.71
515.72
520.77
525.84
530.93
536.05
541.19
546.35
551.55
556.76
562.00
567.27
572.56
557.87
583.21
588.57
593.96
599.37
604.81
610.27
615.75
621.26
626.80
632.36
637.94
643.55
649.18
654.84
660.52
666.23
671.96
677.71
683.49
689.30
695.13
706.86
31
35
40
45
50
29.
32.1
36.2
40.3
44.3
5.10
5.52
5.83
1.00
1.16
1.31
1.46
1.58
6200
2420
1440
1050
838
8.83
10.20
11.53
12.83
14.10
55
60
65
70
75
12.95
13.33
48.5
52.3
56.7
60.9
65.0
6.35
6.77
7.17
7.60
8.00
1.73
1.88
2.03
2.17
2.31
702
618
538
483
440
15.35
16.58
17.80
19.00
20.20
80
85
90
95
100
13.70
14.10
14.44
14.85
15.24
69.2
73.3
77.6
81.5
85.6
8.44
8.86
9.30
9.70
10.12
2.45
2.59
2.73
2.88
3.02
404
374
348
326
307
31.80
43.10
54.30
65.40
76.50
150
200
250
300
350
19.3
23.5
28.0
32.5
35.1
128
170
212
254
296
14.48
18.90
23.45
28.0
32.5
4.48
5.92
7.35
8.79
10.25
195
144
114
95
81
87.60
98.60
110
121
132
400
450
500
550
600
41.9
46.8
51.6
56.6
61.4
338
381
423
465
508
37.1
41.7
46.2
50.8
55.4
11.70
13.15
14.60
16.05
17.50
70.8
62.9
56.4
51.3
47.0
143
154
165
176
187
650
700
750
800
850
66.2
71.1
76.0
81.0
86.0
550
592
635
677
719
60.1
64.6
69.2
73.8
78.4
19.00
20.45
21.90
23.35
24.80
43.4
40.3
37.6
35.2
33.2
198
209
220
330
440
900
950
1000
1500
2000
91.0
95.8
100.7
150
200
762
804
846
1270
1690
83.0
87.6
92.2
138.2
184.2
26.30
27.70
29.20
43.80
58.40
31.3
29.7
28.2
18.7
14.1
550
660
770
880
990
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
250
300
350
400
450
2120
2540
2960
3380
3810
230
276
322
368
414
73.00
87.60
100.20
117.00
131.50
11.3
9.4
8.05
7.05
6.26
1100
1210
1320
1430
1540
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
500
550
600
650
700
4230
4650
5080
5500
5920
461
507
553
559
645
146.00
160.50
175.00
190.00
204.50
5.64
5.13
4.70
4.34
4.03
1650
1760
1870
1980
2090
2200
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
750
800
850
900
950
1000
6350
6770
7190
7620
8040
8460
691
737
783
829
875
921
219.00
233.50
248.00
263.00
277.00
292.00
3.76
3.52
3.32
3.13
2.97
2.82
53
The viscosity is often expressed in terms of viscosimeters other than the Saybolt Universal. The
formulas for the various viscosimeters are as follows:
Kinematic viscosity equals
absolute viscosity
specific gravity
Redwood
K = .26 t
Redwood Admiralty
K = 2.39 6
Saybolt Universal
K = .22 t
Saybolt Furol
K = 2.2 t
Engler
K = 1.47 t
188
t
40.3
t
180
t
203
t
374
t
(British)
(British)
(American)
(American)
(German)
Viscosity
SSU
Centistokes
Gardner-Holt
Tube Designation
Viscosity
SSU
Centistokes
A
B
C
D
230
298
388
456
50
65
85
100
Q
R
S
T
1977
2136
2273
2500
435
470
500
550
E
F
G
H
568
636
750
909
125
140
165
200
U
V
W
X
2850
4018
4864
5864
627
884
1070
1290
I
J
K
L
1023
1316
1250
1364
225
250
275
300
Y
Z
Z1
Z2
8000
10318
12273
16455
1760
2270
2700
3620
M
N
O
P
1455
1545
1682
1818
320
340
370
400
Z3
Z4
Z5
Z6
21045
28818
44773
67273
4630
6340
9850
14800
Viscosity of Water
Temp.
F
32
50
60
70
80
85
100
120
140
160
180
212
Absolute
Viscosity
Centipoises
1.79
1.31
1.12
0.98
0.86
0.81
0.68
0.56
0.47
0.40
0.35
0.28
Kinematic
Viscosity
Centistokes
1.79
1.31
1.12
0.98
0.86
0.81
0.69
0.57
0.48
0.41
0.36
0.29
54
SSU
Ft2/Sec
33.0
31.6
31.2
30.9
30.6
30.4
30.2
30.0
29.7
29.6
29.5
29.3
0.00001931
0.00001410
0.00001217
0.00001059
0.00000930
0.00000869
0.00000739
0.00000609
0.00000514
0.00000442
0.00000385
0.00000319
Absolute
Vapor Pressure
PSI
Ft. Water
0.26
0.59
0.36
0.89
0.51
1.2
0.60
1.4
0.70
1.6
0.95
2.2
1.27
3.0
1.69
3.9
2.22
5.0
2.89
6.8
3.72
8.8
3.81
9.0
3.90
9.2
4.00
9.4
4.10
9.7
4.20
9.9
4.31
10.1
4.41
10.4
4.52
10.7
4.63
10.9
4.74
11.2
4.85
11.5
4.97
11.7
5.09
12.0
5.21
12.3
5.33
12.6
5.46
12.9
5.59
13.3
5.72
13.6
5.85
13.9
5.99
14.2
6.13
14.5
6.27
14.9
6.42
15.2
6.56
15.6
6.71
15.9
6.87
16.3
7.02
16.7
7.18
17.1
7.34
17.4
7.51
17.8
7.68
18.3
7.85
18.7
8.02
19.1
8.20
19.5
8.38
20.0
8.57
20.4
8.76
20.9
8.95
21.4
9.14
21.8
9.34
22.3
9.54
22.8
9.75
23.3
9.96
23.8
10.17
24.3
10.38
24.9
10.60
25.4
10.83
25.9
11.06
26.6
11.29
27.1
11.53
27.6
11.77
28.2
12.01
28.8
12.26
29.4
12.51
30.0
Specific Gravity
(Water at 39.2 F
= 1.000)
0.999
0.998
0.997
0.996
0.995
0.993
0.991
0.989
0.986
0.983
0.981
0.981
0.980
0.980
0.979
0.979
0.979
0.978
0.978
0.978
0.977
0.977
0.977
0.976
0.976
0.976
0.975
0.975
0.974
0.974
0.974
0.973
0.973
0.973
0.972
0.972
0.972
0.971
0.971
0.971
0.970
0.970
0.970
0.969
0.969
0.969
0.968
0.968
0.967
0.967
0.966
0.966
0.965
0.965
0.965
0.964
0.964
0.963
0.963
0.963
0.963
0.962
0.962
0.962
0.961
Temp.
F
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
55
Absolute
Vapor Pressure
PSI
Ft. Water
12.77
30.6
13.03
31.2
13.30
32.0
13.57
32.6
13.84
33.2
14.12
33.9
14.41
34.6
14.70
35.4
14.99
36.2
15.29
37.0
15.59
37.7
15.90
38.4
16.22
39.2
16.54
40.0
16.86
40.8
17.19
41.6
17.52
42.5
17.86
43.3
18.21
44.2
18.56
45.0
18.92
45.9
19.28
46.8
19.65
47.7
20.02
48.6
20.40
49.5
20.78
50.5
21.17
51.4
21.57
52.5
21.97
53.5
22.38
54.5
22.80
55.5
23.22
56.6
23.65
57.8
24.09
58.8
24.53
59.8
24.97
61.0
25.43
62.1
25.89
63.3
26.36
64.5
26.83
65.6
27.31
66.8
29.83
73.2
35.44
87.4
41.87
103.6
49.22
122.8
57.57
144.0
67.0
168.6
77.7
197.0
89.7
228.4
103.0
264.0
118.0
305.0
134.6
349.0
153.0
399.2
195.8
517.7
247.3
663.9
308.8
842.4
381.6
1058.5
466.9
1318.0
566.1
1630.5
680.8
2000.1
812.4
2445.5
962.5
2980.4
Specific Gravity
(Water at 39.2 F
= 1.000)
0.961
0.960
0.960
0.960
0.959
0.959
0.958
0.958
0.957
0.957
0.957
0.956
0.956
0.956
0.955
0.955
0.955
0.954
0.954
0.953
0.953
0.953
0.952
0.952
0.951
0.951
0.951
0.950
0.950
0.950
0.949
0.949
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.947
0.947
0.946
0.946
0.946
0.945
0.943
0.938
0.933
0.927
0.923
0.918
0.913
0.908
0.902
0.896
0.891
0.886
0.874
0.861
0.847
0.833
0.818
0.802
0.786
0.767
0.746
Overall
Efficiency
Pump Unit
Overall
Efficiency
Pump Unit
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
.00980
.00958
.00951
.00937
.00922
51.5
52
52.5
53
53.5
.00609
.00603
.00597
.00592
.00586
71
71.5
72
72.5
73
.00442
.00439
.00435
.00432
.00430
34.5
35
35.5
36
36.5
.00909
.00896
.00884
.00871
.00860
54
54.5
55
55.5
56
.00581
.00575
.00570
.00565
.00560
73.5
74
74.5
75
75.5
.00427
.00424
.00421
.00418
.00415
37
37.5
38
38.5
39
.00848
.00837
.00826
.00815
.00804
56.5
57
57.5
58
58.5
.00555
.00550
.00545
.00541
.00536
76
76.5
77
77.5
78
.00413
.00410
.00407
.00405
.00402
39.5
40
40.5
41
41.5
.00794
.00784
.00775
.00765
.00756
59
59.5
60
60.5
61
.00532
.00527
.00523
.00518
.00586
78.5
79
79.5
80
80.5
.00399
.00397
.00394
.00392
.00389
42
42.5
43
43.5
44
.00747
.00738
.00730
.00721
.00713
61.5
62
62.5
63
63.5
.00510
.00506
.00502
.00498
.00494
81
81.5
82
82.5
83
.00387
.00385
.00382
.00380
.00378
44.5
45
45.5
46
46.5
.00705
.00697
.00689
.00682
.00675
64
64.5
65
65.5
66
.00490
.00486
.00482
.00479
.00475
83.5
84
84.5
85
85.5
.00375
.00373
.00371
.00369
.00367
47
47.5
48
48.5
49
.00667
.00660
.00653
.00647
.00640
66.5
67
67.5
68
68.5
.00472
.00468
.00465
.00461
.00458
86
86.5
87
87.5
88
.00365
.00362
.00360
.00358
.00356
49.5
50
50.5
51
.00634
.00627
.00621
.00651
69
69.5
70
70.5
.00454
.00451
.00448
.00445
88.5
89
89.5
90
.00354
.00352
.00350
.00348
56
Motor
HP
4
3
1
2
3
4
1
112
2
3
5
712
10
1
1
1-Phase
3-Phase
.305
.408
.535
.760
1.00
1.500
2.000
2.95
4.65
6.90
9.30
.520
.768
.960
1.41
1.82
2.70
4.50
6.75
9.00
Motor
HP
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
75
100
125
150
200
12.8
16.9
20.8
25.0
33.2
41.3
49.5
61.5
81.5
102
122
162
ELECTRIC POWER
HORSEPOWER
1 HP equals. . .
.746 kilowatts or 746 watts
33,000 ft . lbs. per minute
550 ft. lbs. per second
DC = Direct current
E = Volts = Electrical pressure (similar to head)
I = Amperes = Electrical current (similar to rate of flow)
WATER HORSEPOWER
33,000
GPM x Head
3960
Apparent Power - EI
Useful Power W = EI x P.F.
Power factor = ratio of useful power to apparent power
Power factor = PF =
LABORATORY BHP
W
=
EI
kW Hr. = Kilowatt hour
MOTOR INPUT HP
Laboratory BHP
Motor Eff.
Water Horsepower
Motor Input Horsepower
57
14
12
10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
595
397
298
238
198
170
149
132
119
99
946
630
470
378
315
270
236
210
189
158
135
118
1479
986
740
592
493
423
370
329
296
247
211
185
164
148
134
123
1161
926
774
663
581
516
464
387
332
290
258
232
211
194
1808
1447
1206
1033
904
804
723
603
517
452
402
362
1842
1579
1381
1228
1105
921
789
691
614
553
1871
1684
1403
1203
1052
935
842
1622
1420
1201
1136
14
12
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
1035
690
518
414
345
296
259
230
207
173
1644
1096
822
658
548
470
411
365
329
274
235
206
10
1715
1287
1029
858
735
643
572
515
429
368
322
286
257
234
214
1615
1346
1154
1010
897
808
673
577
505
449
404
367
337
311
288
269
231
2097
1797
1573
1398
1258
1048
899
786
699
629
572
524
484
449
419
359
315
280
252
2403
2136
1922
1602
1373
1201
1068
961
874
801
739
686
641
549
481
427
384
349
320
2928
2440
2091
1830
1627
1464
1331
1220
1126
1046
976
837
732
651
586
532
488
2821
2469
2194
1975
1795
1646
1519
1411
1317
1129
988
878
790
718
658
Amps
14
12
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
1190
794
595
476
397
340
293
265
238
198
1891
1261
946
756
630
540
473
420
376
315
270
236
10
1479
1184
986
845
740
658
592
493
423
370
329
296
269
247
1858
1548
1327
1161
1032
929
774
663
581
516
464
422
387
357
332
310
265
58
2411
2067
1808
1607
1447
1206
1033
904
804
723
658
603
556
517
482
413
362
321
239
2763
2456
2210
1842
1579
1381
1228
1105
1005
921
850
789
737
632
553
491
442
3367
2806
2405
2105
1871
1684
1531
1403
1295
1203
1122
962
842
748
673
3245
2839
2524
2271
2065
1893
1747
1622
1514
1298
1136
1009
909
12
2184
1456
1092
873
728
624
546
485
437
364
312
273
10
3417
2278
1708
1367
1139
976
854
759
683
569
488
427
380
342
311
285
3341
2784
2386
2038
1856
1671
1392
1193
1044
928
835
759
696
643
597
557
477
418
371
334
3190
2836
2552
2127
1823
1595
1418
1276
1160
1063
982
912
851
729
638
567
510
464
425
393
3240
2777
2430
2160
1944
1767
1620
1495
1389
1296
1111
972
864
778
707
648
598
555
518
486
457
432
3278
2914
2623
2884
2186
2017
1873
1748
1499
1311
1166
1049
954
874
807
749
699
656
617
583
552
525
Amps
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
14
2749
1833
1374
1100
916
785
687
611
550
458
12
2912
2184
1747
1450
1248
1092
971
873
728
624
546
10
3417
2733
2278
1952
1708
1519
1367
1139
976
854
759
683
621
569
3575
3064
2681
2383
2145
1788
1532
1341
1192
1073
975
894
825
766
715
613
Amps 14
2
1195
3
797
4
598
5
478
6
398
7
341
8
299
9
266
10
239
12
199
14
16
18
20
22
24
12
1899
1266
949
760
633
543
475
422
380
316
271
237
10
2971
1981
1486
1188
990
849
743
660
594
495
424
371
330
297
270
248
3632
2905
2421
2075
1816
1614
1453
1211
1038
908
807
726
660
605
3170
2774
2466
2219
1849
1585
1387
1233
1110
1009
925
3381
2817
2415
2113
1878
1690
1537
1409
3258
2851
2534
2281
2073
1900
Amps
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
14
12
10
59
3341
2784
2386
2088
1856
1671
1519
1392
1285
1193
1114
955
835
742
668
3646
3190
2836
2552
2320
2127
1963
1823
1701
1458
1276
1134
1021
928
851
785
4
854
793
740
634
555
493
444
404
370
341
3535
3240
2991
2777
2592
2222
1944
1728
1555
1414
1296
1196
1111
1037
972
915
864
2
1300
1207
1127
966
845
751
676
615
563
520
483
451
423
398
376
3497
2997
2623
2331
2098
1907
1748
1614
1499
1399
1311
1234
1166
1104
1049
0
1754
1629
1520
1303
1140
1014
912
829
760
702
652
608
570
537
507
480
456
Materials
A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF PLASTIC MATERIALS USED
IN POOL AND SPA EQUIPMENT
The extensive use of many types of plastic materials in the pool and
spa business requires us to have a basic knowledge of what the
materials are, their strengths and limitations, and how to connect or
bond the various materials together. This will not be a technical presentation on plastic materials, but a very practical one intended to
help you to work with plastic components with a greater degree of
understanding.
MATERIALS
Here are some commonly used plastic materials found in pool/spa
components.
CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY
Trade or
Common Name
Technical
Name
Strengths/
Advantages
Limitations/
Weaknesses
Typical
Applications
ABS
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
Stress cracks,
heat sensitive.
CPVC
Lexan
Polycarbonate
Noryl
Modified PPO
(polyphenylene oxide)
Difficulty in molding,
high cost, difficult
to bond.
Polyethylene
Polyethylene
Polypro
Polypropylene
Polyester
Polyester
Cartridge filter,
media cloth.
PVC
Polyvinyl Chloride
Styrene
Polystyrene
Vinyl
Vinyl
60
Materials
B.Pipe Connections
There are two basic ways provided for attachment of piping to
pool/spa equipment:
This brief summary chart of plastic materials does not take into consideration varying grades or blends of material within each general
compound name. For instance, polyethylene may be used in high,
medium or low density grades, each having different strengths and
applications. ABS is a blend of three different polymers or plastic
compounds, and the ratio of each will determine the characteristics of
the material. This is why the term engineering grade materials is
often used to signify that much fine-tuning goes into a plastic compound to give the desired performance in a specific application.
Varying amounds of fiberglass mixed into the plastic resin can
change or improve the properties of some plastic materials.
Use of thread sealant is normally required on pressure or vacuum connections on piping. The correct choice of thread sealant
is critical on plastic components. The plumbing trades have traditionally used pipe dope for thread sealant on metal pipes
and equipment. However, pipe dope and most teflon paste
sealants have a vehicle or base material that is a petroleum
product. Petroleum compounds will attack many platics used in
pool/spa equipment and especially ABS, which is common in
skimmers, valves and pool wall fittings, etc. The problem is
called stress cracking. When a pipe is tightened into the
female port of a component, the port is placed under mechanical stress. In this condition, petroleum-based sealants will
attack the weakest part of the thread boss and quickly cause it
to crack through and leak. Dont be fooled by claims on the
sealant can like safe for plastics. This usually means safe for
PVC pipe, which is fairly resistant to petroleum sealants. Here
is a list of thread sealants which we know have been reliable
and safe for all plastic compounds:
Teflon Tape
Plasto-Joint Stick (Lake Chemical Co.)
Permatex #2 (Loctite Mfg. Co.)
Silicon RTV: (Room Temperature Vulcanizing)
a: General Electric RTV 60
b: Dow Corning Silastic 731, 732 and 738
c: Loctite Silicone (same as Dow 732)
1. Sunlight/ultraviolet degradation
Ultraviolet light (sunlight), can over a period of time, cause plastics
to become brittle, fade in color, and lose much of their physical
strength. Manufacturers of resins can add compounds to the plastic formulas which inhibit the degrading effects of ultraviolet light.
The most common and effective UV inhibitor is carbon black. This
is why most pool pumps and other key pool components are colored black. In PVC, vinyl and ABS materials, other chemical UV
inhibitors are added which do not change the resin color.
2. Heat
Thermoplastics common to the pool/spa industry are all sensitive
to temperatures to some extent. This can come from solar heat (or
ambient air temperature) or from the heat of the water. Some
materials like Noryl and polypropylene have very good heat resistance, in excess of boiling water (212F), before they begin to lose
strength. Others like polyethylene, ABS and PVC begin to soften at
temperatures only slightly above spa temperatures (110 - 125F).
PVC piping for hot water can be specially formulated for this application, and is known as CPVC.
3. Pressure
The affects of pressure on plastic becomes more critical the larger
the pressure vessel (such as filter tanks) and with increased temzerature. This is known as creep/rupture tendency. When a plastic
part begins to move, stretch, or distort under pressure and/or heat,
it is described as creep. Each material has creep tendencies
which can be measured and often controlled, as with the addition
of chopped fiberglass to the resin compound. The materials with
the greatest creep tendencies would be vinyl, polyethylene and
PVC, which do not work well with glass reinforcement. If a plastic
vessel containing pressure were to creep to its limits of strength, it
would rupture or crack. In the pool/spa environment, because UV,
heat and pressure are all powerful environmental factors, design
engineers must be concerned with the creep/rupture properties of
each material when selecting one for a specific plastic component.
61
Materials
Hardening of the adhesive (Figure 5).
Bonded Surfaces
Fused Surfaces
Figure 5
As the solvent dissipates, the cement layer and the softened surfaces
will harden with a corresponding increase in joint strength. A good
joint will take the required working pressure long before the joint is
fully dry and final strength is obtained. In the tight (fused) part of the
joint, strength will develop more quickly than in the looser (bonded)
part of the joint. (It may in some cases be required to hold or fixture
the joint for a short period of time to maintain its proper position).
Figure 2
Penetration and softening can be achieved by the cement itself. In
cold weather more time and additional applications are required.
Figure 3
More than sufficient cement to fill the loose part of the joint must be
applied. Besides filling the gap, adequate cement layers will penetrate the surfaces and also remain wet until the joint is assembled.
Figure 4
If the cement coatings on the pipe and fittings are wet and fluid when
assembly takes place, they will tend to flow together and become
one cement layer. Also, if the cement is wet the surfaces beneath
them will still be soft, and these softened surfaces in the tight part of
the joint will tend to fuse together. If possible, rotate the pipe 1/4 turn
after it is inserted into the female socket.
62
Materials
4. Cycolac (ABS) to Lexan (polycarbonate).
Exercises
Methylene Chloride Mixed with Lexan pellets to provide a semi-viscous solvent to insure voidless joints of
poorly fitting parts. The solvent is mixed in a ratio of 4
parts solvent, by weight, to 1 part Lexan pellets, by
weight.
d. Ultra-violet light from the sun can cause all of the above.
2. PVC piping for hot water use is a special formula called?
a. ABS
b. CPVC
c. NRA
Methylene Chloride Mixed with Lexan pellets to provide a semi-viscous solvent to insure voidless joints of
poorly fitting parts. The solvent is mixed in a ration of 4
parts solvent, by weight, to 1 part Lexan pellets, by
weight.
d. Styrene
a. It is non-toxic to humans.
Weld-On #792 or #1802 A clear, semi-viscous, medium bodied cement normally applied by brush.
Application temperatures 40F to 110F.
63
Glossary
GLOSSARY OF SWIMMING POOL AND SPA TERMS
AAU Amateur Athletic Union A National organization with a division devoted to the athletic aspects of swimming.
ABRASION HAZARD A sharp or rough surface that would scrape
the skin upon chance or by normal use modes.
ALGAE Green, black or brown microscopic plant life which is nourished by sunlight.
DISCHARGE HEAD The total head, including static head and friction head, on the discharge side of the pump.
DISTRIBUTOR (TOP OR BOTTOM) The device in a filter designed
to divert the incoming water to prevent erosion of the filter media.
BATHER Any person using a pool, spa or hot tub and adjoining
deck area for the purpose of water sports, recreation or related
activities.
Cartridge Filter: The total effective filter area shall be that cartridge
area that is exposed to the direct flow of water. This excludes cartridge ends, seals, supports and other areas where flow is
impaired.
64
Glossary
EFFLUENT The outflow of water from a filter or other device.
FACE PIPING The piping with all valves and fittings which is used
to connect the filter system together as a unit. This includes all valves
and piping necessary for the filter plant to perform the functions of filtering or backwashing, either by the plant as a whole or any unit
operating singly.
FREEBOARD The clear vertical distance between the top of the filter medium and the lowest outlet of the upper distribution system in a
permanent medium filter.
FILTER CARTRIDGE A filter which operates through a disposeable cartridge. These are of two general types: The surface or
area type where the suspended matter is removed at the surface,
and the depth type in which the interstices vary from large to small in
depth.
HOT TUB A spa constructed of wood with sides and bottom formed
separately; and the whole shapes to join together by pressure from
the surrounding hoops, bands or rods; as distinct from spa units
formed from plastic, concrete, metal or other materials.
Filter Aid: A type of fine medium used to coat a septum type filter;
usually diatomaceous earth, processed perlite or similar material.
FILTER, GRAVITY-SAND A filter with a layer of filter media (usually silica sand) supported on graded gravel through which water flows
by gravity.
HYDROTHERAPY SPA OR HOT TUB A unit that may have a therapeutic use which is not drained, cleaned or refilled for each individual. It may include, but not be limited to, hydrojet circulation, hot water
and cold water mineral baths, air induction bubbles or any combination thereof. Industry terminology for a spa includes, but is not limited
to, therapeutic pool, hydrotherapy pool, whirlpool, hot spa, etc.
FILTER MEDIA The finely graded material which entraps suspended particles (sand, anthracite, diatomaceous earth, etc.).
FILTER, PRESSURE-SAND A sand filter enclosed in a tank to
operate under pressure.
FILTER ROCK Graded, rounded rock and/or gravel used to sup-
65
Glossary
HYPOCHLORINATOR A device used to feed, control and measure a solution of sodium or calcium hypochlorite into a water being
treated. There are three general types: The positive displacement
type which is usually a motor driven unit, the aspirator type actuated
by a pressure differential created within the hydraulic system, and the
metering type connected to the pump suction using an orifice which
is opened and closed by a timing mechanism.
MAKE-UP WATER Fresh water used to fill or refill the pool, spa or
hot tub.
INLET The fitting through which the filtered water passes to the
pool (filtered water inlet), or the fitting through which raw water passes to the pool (raw water inlet).
ORIFICE PLATE A disc, placed in a water flow line, with a concentric sharp-edged circular opening in the center, which creates a differential pressure to measure flow and to operate feeders and instruments or other hydraulic equipment.
IODINE An element related to chlorine and bromine used as a disinfectant, both in its natural solid form and in iodide compounds.
When iodides are used, chlorine is normally employed to free the
elemental iodine.
JTU (JACKSON TURBIDITY UNIT) A visual means of measuring
water clarity based upon the amount of light passing through a tube
of water.
LADDERS
pH A value expressing the relative acidity or alkalinity of a substance, such as water, as indicated by the hydrogen ion cncentration.
Deck ladder: A ladder for deck access from outside the pool, spa
or hot tub.
POOL DEPTH The vertical distance between the floor level and the
normal or operating water level when the pool is in use.
Limited Access Ladder: Any ladder with provision for making entry
inaccessible when a pool, spa or hot tube is not in use (i.e., swingup, slide-up or equivalent).
66
Glossary
POOLS
Inground Swimming Pool: Any pool, spa or hot tub whose sides
rest in partial or full contact with the earth.
On-Ground Swimming Pool: Any pool, spa or hot tub whose sides
rest fully above the surrounding earth and that has a deep area
below the ground level.
Class A Competition Any pool intended for use for accredited competitive aquatic events such as FINA, AAU, NCAA, N.F.,
etc. The pool may also be used for recreation.
Class B Public Pool Any pool intended for public recreational use.
Class D Special Purpose Pool Any pool operated for medical treatment, water therapy or nonrecreational functions.
RECIRCULATING SYSTEM The entire system including the suction piping, pump, strainer, filter, face piping and return piping.
REMOVABLE Capable of being disassembled with the use of only
simple tools such as a screwdriver, pliers or wrench.
Type VI thru Type X Public Pools suitable for the installation of diving equipment by type. Diving equipment classified
at a higher type may not be used on a pool of lesser type
(i.e., Type VIII equipment on a Type VI pool).
Residential Pool: A residential pool shall be defined as any constructed pool, permanent or nonportable, that is intended for noncommercial use as a swimming pool by not more than three-owner
families and their guests and that is over twenty-four inches (24) in
depth, has a surface area exceeding 250 square feet and/or a volume over 3,250 gallons.
RETURN PIPING That part of the pool, spa or hot tub piping
between the filter and the vessel through which filtered water passes.
SAFETY LINE A continuous line not less than 1/4 inch in diameter,
which is supported by buoys and attached to opposite sides of a pool
to separate the deep and shallow ends.
Residential Pools shall be further classified into types as an indication of the suitability of a pool for use with diving equipment.
SERVICE FACTOR A factor indicating the degree to which an electric motor can be operated over a specified horsepower without danger of overload failure.
SILVER PROTEIN A solution containing silver ions, such as
Argyrol, used as a germicide.
Wading Pool: A pool that may range in water depth from two feet
(2) to zero feet (0) for wading.
SKIMMER WEIR The horizontal surface over which the water flows
to the circulating system (usually self-adjusting for water level
changes).
POOL WALL The sides of a pool above the floor which are vertical
at the top and coved at the bottom, or which are inclined to the pool
no more than 45 from the vertical.
67
Glossary
SLIP RESISTING A surface that has been so treated or constructed as to significantly reduce the chance of a bather from slipping.
The surface should not be an abrasion hazard.
TOXIC Meaning that a given substance has an adverse physiological affect on man.
SPA (SEE HYDROTHERAPY SPA OR HOT TUB) A hydrotherapy unit of irregular or geometric shell design.
TURNOVER The period of time (usually in hours) required to circulate a volume of water equal to the pool, spa or hot tub capacity.
Inground Spa/Hot Tub: Any spa or hot tub whose sides reside partially or fully below the natural ground level.
Permanently Installed Spa/Hot Tub: Any such unit that is constructed in the ground, or in a building, in such a manner that it cannot
be readily disassembled for storage.
UPPER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM Those devices designed to distribute the water entering a permaent medium filter in a manner so
as to prevent movement or migration of the filter medium. This system shall also properly collect water during filter backwashing unless
other means are provided.
STATIC HEAD The vertical distance between the free level of the
source of the supply and the point of free discharge, or to the level of
the free surface of the discharged water.
WATER LINE The water line shall be defined in one of the following
ways:
Skimmer System: The water line shall be at the midpoint of the
operating range of the skimmers.
Overflow System: The water line shall be at the top of the overflow
rim.
VACUUM WALL FITTING The fitting in the wall of the pool just
below the water level to which is attached the hose for the underwater suction cleaner.
SUCTION HEAD The total head on the suction side of the pump,
including suction lift and friction head.
SUCTION PIPING That part of the pool, spa or hot tub piping
through which water passes from the vessel to the pump.
SURFACE SKIMMER Sometimes called a Recirculating Overflow.
A deviced designed to continuously remove surface film and water
and return it through the filter as part of the recirculation system, usually incorporating a self-adjusting weir, a collection tank and a means
to prevent air lock of the pump (sometimes referred to as a recirculation overflow, or a mechanical or automatic skimmer).
68
Glossary
Sta-Rite is a quality-conscious manufacturer of a complete selection
of highly efficient commercial filtration systems, recirculating pumps
and accessories necessary for original construction, renovation or
operation of large swimming and aquatic facilities. An all-employee
team is involved in the total quality effort, from the energy efficient
designs, right through manufacturing and assembly to the final testing of each product prior to shipment. Every product is built to the
highest possible standards every step of the way.
EXPERIENCE
For over 50 years, Sta-Rite has delivered the know-how, experience,
innovative leadership and product reliability. Those who demand the
best value, ease and flexibility of installation, and simplicity and reliability of operation can depend on Sta-Rite to provide the most efficient and care-free equipment performance, year after year.
Sta-Rite has made every effort to verify the accuracy and application
of the suggesteed designs, data and specifications in this publication,
however, these should be used only as typical information. Working
drawings, finished specification, etc. should be prepared and
approved by qualified engineers or architects.
SERVICE
Behind all Sta-Rite commercial pool products are the combined
strengths of our people and programs, with new energies and
resources to support your equipment needs. Through its exceptional
customer orientation, Sta-Rite offers assistance to builders, architects
and engineers for pool planning, equipment sizing and selection. Six
strategically located distribution centers assure quick response and
unequalled warranty and serivce support to back up every product
requirement.
69
Reference
ORGANIZATION
ACTIVITY
USA Swimming
One Olympic Plaza
Colorado Springs, CO 80909
Phone: 719-866-4578
70